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    Data and Results: Page ! of ! 1 2

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    Kristine Go
    The student purified 2 g of benzoic acid through recrystallization, obtaining 1.56 g of purified benzoic acid for a 78% yield. Melting point determination showed the purified sample melted within the accepted range for benzoic acid, indicating high purity. Some impurities were likely lost in the washing and filtration steps. Calculations estimated a theoretical maximum yield of 93% was possible given benzoic acid's solubility, though actual yield was lower due to practical losses during the process.

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    Data and Results: Page ! of ! 1 2

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    Kristine Go
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    The student purified 2 g of benzoic acid through recrystallization, obtaining 1.56 g of purified benzoic acid for a 78% yield. Melting point determination showed the purified sample melted within the accepted range for benzoic acid, indicating high purity. Some impurities were likely lost in the washing and filtration steps. Calculations estimated a theoretical maximum yield of 93% was possible given benzoic acid's solubility, though actual yield was lower due to practical losses during the process.

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    Results on an experiment about the crystallisation and purification of benzoic acid

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    1 Post-Lab

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    The student purified 2 g of benzoic acid through recrystallization, obtaining 1.56 g of purified benzoic acid for a 78% yield. Melting point determination showed the purified sample melted within the accepted range for benzoic acid, indicating high purity. Some impurities were likely lost in the washing and filtration steps. Calculations estimated a theoretical maximum yield of 93% was possible given benzoic acid's solubility, though actual yield was lower due to practical losses during the process.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    18 views2 pages

    Data and Results: Page ! of ! 1 2

    Uploaded by

    Kristine Go
    The student purified 2 g of benzoic acid through recrystallization, obtaining 1.56 g of purified benzoic acid for a 78% yield. Melting point determination showed the purified sample melted within the accepted range for benzoic acid, indicating high purity. Some impurities were likely lost in the washing and filtration steps. Calculations estimated a theoretical maximum yield of 93% was possible given benzoic acid's solubility, though actual yield was lower due to practical losses during the process.

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    Kristine Go 13C

    Experiment # 1: Purification of Benzoic Acid 08.11.2018

    Data and Results


    Table 1. Percent Yield of Benzoic Acid

    Initial weight of benzoic acid 2.00 g

    Final weight of benzoic acid 1.56 g

    Percent yield 78%

    Table 2. Melting Point Determination of Benzoic Acid

    Start of melting 122.5°C

    End of melting 125.1°C

    Discussion
    Precipitates are formed instantaneously, while crystals form slowly and not all at once. (1)
    Thus, benzoic acid crystals were formed in the experiment since the solution was cooled
    down to room temperature without an ice bath.
    Yield of the final product is affected by amount of charcoal used, because adding more
    charcoal means that more of the impurities can be attached to the charcoal. The temperature
    of the water used to wash the crystals also affects yield, since hot water can dissolve the
    crystals.
    On the other hand, the purity of the obtained benzoic acid is affected by how well the
    crystals were able to form without trapping any impurities left behind in the solution. This
    purity can be measured through the melting point, which is around 122°C (2). Based on table
    2, the obtained benzoic acid seems to be pure, with a starting melting point of 122°C.
    The solubility of benzoic acid is 56.31g/L at 100°C and 1.7g/L at 0°C (3). These values
    are equal to 5.631g/100mL at 100°C and 0.17g/100mL at 0°C, respective. Given this, around
    0.14g will be lost to the solution as this will remain dissolved. Thus, 1.86g of benzoic acid
    can theoretically be obtained, for a recovery of roughly 93%. This is, of course, much higher

    Page !1 of !2
    than the actual yield, because of many factors such as the loss of crystals due to the transfer
    of the crystals between containers.

    Accidents and Near-Misses


    There were a lot of steps in the recrystallisation process. One mishap occurred during the
    suction filtration step, wherein the water faucet was turned the wrong way and spilled water
    everywhere. The Erlenmeyer flasks and funnels placed in the oven were also difficult to get
    for later use, and one funnel in our table broke because of the precariousness of its position
    inside the oven.

    Sample Calculations
    actual yield 2.00 g benzoic acid
    ! % yield = * 100 = * 100 = 78 %
    theoretical yield 1.56 g benzoic acid

    g 0.1L g 5.631g 0.8 4.505g


    ! 56.31 × = 5.631 ⇒ × =
    L 100 mL 100 mL 100 mL 0.8 80 mL
    g 0.1L g 0.17g 0.8 0.14g
    1.7
    ! × = 0.17 ⇒ × =
    L 100 mL 100 mL 100 mL 0.8 80 mL
    2.0g − 0.14g
    ! = 93 % 

    2.0g

    References
    (1) Yanza ERS. Survey in organic chemistry laboratory manual. Quezon City. Ateneo de
    Manila University; 2017.
    (2) Pubchem. Benzoic acid [Internet]. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information;
    date unknown [cited 7 Nov 2018]. Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
    compound/243
    (3) Seidell A, Linke WF. Solubilities of inorganic and organic compounds. New York: Van
    Nostrand; 1952.

    Page !2 of !2

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