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The document provides sample questions from physics exams like GATE and CSIR along with some general aptitude questions. It covers topics like mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics etc.

The document covers topics related to physics like mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, materials etc. Sample questions have been provided from page 1-18 related to these topics.

The sample questions are multiple choice questions with single correct answer. The questions from page 1-15 are from physics and related to topics like vectors, oscillations, optics etc. Questions from page 16-18 are from general aptitude section and related to topics like grammar, data interpretation etc.

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GATE-2012 (PHYSICS)
Q.1 – Q.25 carry one mark each.
 
Q1. Identify the correct statement for the following vectors a  3iˆ  2 ˆj and b  iˆ  2 ˆj
 
(a) The vectors a and b are linearly independent
 
(b) The vectors a and b are linearly dependent
 
(c) The vectors a and b are orthogonal
 
(d) The vectors a and b are normalized
Q2. The uniform thin rods of equal length, L and masses M1 and M2 are joined together along
the length. The moment of inertia of the combined rod of length 2L about an axis passing
through the mid-point and perpendicular to the length of the rod is,
L2 L2
(a) M 1  M 2  (b) M 1  M 2 
12 6
L2 L2
(c) M 1  M 2  (d) M 1  M 2 
3 2
Q3. The space-time dependence of the electric field of a linearly polarized light in free space
is given by xE0 cost  kz  where E0, ω and k are the amplitude, the angular frequency
and the wavevector, respectively. The time average energy density associated with the
electric field is
1 1
(a)  0 E 02 (b)  0 E 02 (c)  0 E 02 (d) 2 0 E02
4 2
Q4. If the peak output voltage of a full wave rectifier is 10 V, its d.c. voltage is
(a) 10.0 V (b) 7.07 V (c) 6.36 V (d) 3.18 V
Q5. A particle of mass m is confined in a two dimensional square well potential of
dimension a. This potential V(x,y) is given by
V(x,y) = 0 for –a < x < a and –a < y < a
= ∞ elsewhere
The energy of the first excited state for this particle is given by,
 2 2 2 2  2 5 2  2 4 2  2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
ma 2 ma 2 2ma 2 ma 2

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Q6. The isothermal compressibility,  of an ideal gas at temperature T0, and V0, is given by
1 V 1 V P P
(a)  (b) (c)  V0 (d) V0
V0 P T0 V0 P T0 V T0 V T0

Q7. The ground state of sodium atom ( 11 Na ) is a 2 S1 / 2 state. The difference in energy levels
arising in the presence of a weak external magnetic field B, given in terms of Bohr
magnet on,  B , is
(a)  B B (b) 2  B B (c) 4  B B (d) 6 B B
Q8. For an ideal Fermi gas in three dimensions, the electron velocity VF at the Fermi surface
is related to electron concentration n as,
(a) VF  n 2 / 3 (b) VF  n (c) VF  n 1 / 2 (d) VF  n 1 / 3
Q9. Which one of the following sets corresponds to fundamental particles?
(a) proton, electron and neutron
(b) proton, electron and photon
(c) electron, photon and neutrino
(d) quark, electron and meson
Q10. In case of a Geiger-Muller (GM) counter, which one of the following statement is
CORRECT?
(a) Multiplication factor of the detector is of the order of 1010
(b) Type of the particles detected can be identified
(c) Energy of the particles detected can be distinguished
(d) Operating voltage of the detector is few tens of Volts
Q11. A plane electromagnetic wave traveling in free space is incident normally on a glass plate
of refractive index 3/2. If there is no absorption by the glass, its reflectivity is
(a) 4% (b) 16% (c) 20% (d) 50%
Q12. A Ge semiconductor is doped with acceptor impurity concentration of 1015 atoms/cm3.
For the given hole mobility of 1800 cm2/V-s, the resistivity of the material is
(a) 0.288 Ω cm (b) 0.694 Ω cm (c) 3.472 Ω cm (d) 6.944 Ω cm

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Q13. A classical gas of molecules, each of mass m, is in thermal equilibrium at the absolute
temperature, T. The velocity components of the molecules along the Cartesian axes are

v x , v y and v z . The mean value of v x  v y  is


2

k BT 3 k BT 1 k BT 2k B T
(a) (b) (c) (d)
m 2 m 2 m m
Q14. In a central force field, the trajectory of a particle of mass m and angular momentum L in
plane polar coordinates is given by,
1 m
 1   cos  
r L2
where, ε is the eccentricity of the particle’s motion. Which one of the following choice
for ε gives rise to a parabolic trajectory?
(a) ε = 0 (b) ε = 1 (c) 0 < ε < 1 (d) ε > 1
Q15. Identify the CORRECT energy band diagram for silcon doped with Arsenic. Here CB,
VB, ED and EF are conduction band, valence band, impurity level and Fermi level,
respectively.
(a) (b)
CB CB
ED
ED
EF
EF

VB VB
(c) (d)

CB CB

EF EF
ED ED
VB VB

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Q16. The first Stokes line of a rotational Raman spectrum is observed at 12.96 cm-1.
Considering the rigid rotor approximation, the rotational constant is given by
(a) 6.48 cm-1 (b) 3.24 cm-1 (c) 2.16 cm-1 (d) 1.62 cm-1

Q17. The total energy, E of an ideal non-relativistic Fermi gas in three dimensions is given by
N 5/3
E  2 / 3 where N is the number of particles and V is the volume of the gas.
V
Identify the CORRECT equation of state (P being the pressure),
1 2 5
(a) PV  E (b) PV  E (c) PV  E (d) PV  E
3 3 3

 
Q18. Consider the wavefunction    r1 , r2  s for a fermionic system consisting of two spin-
half particles. The spatial part of the wavefunction is given by
 
 r1 , r2  
1
1 r1  2 r2   2 r1 1 r2 
2
where 1and 2 are single particle states. The spin part χs of the wavefunction with spin

states   1 / 2 and - 1/2 should be


1 1
(a)     (b)     (c) αα (d) ββ
2 2


Q19. The electric and the magnetic field E z , t  and B  z, t  , respectively corresponding to the

scalar potential  z , t   0 and vector potential A z, t   iˆtz are
   
(a) E  iˆz and B  -ĵt (b) E  iˆz and B  ˆjt
   
(c) E  iˆz and B  -ˆjt (d) E  iˆz and B  -ˆjt

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Q20. Consider the following OP-AMP circuit


 10V

Vin 

5V Vout

4k
- 10V
1k

Which one of the following correctly represents the output Vout corresponding to the
input Vin?
(a) (b)
 5V  5V
Vin Vin
 1V  1V
0V t 0V t

 10V  10V
Vout Vout

t t

 10V  10V
(c) (d)
 5V  5V
Vin Vin

0V t 0V t

 10V  10V
Vout Vout

t t

 10V  10V

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Q21. Deuteron has only one bound state with spin parity 1+, isospin 0 and electric quadrupole
moment 0.286 efm2. These data suggest that the nuclear forces are having
(a) only spin and isospin dependence
(b) no spin dependence and no tensor components
(c) spin dependence but no tensor components
(d) spin dependence along with tensor components

Q22. A particle of unit mass moves along the x-axis under the influence of a potential,
2
V x   xx  2  . The particle is found to be in stable equilibrium at the point x = 2. The
time period of oscillation of the particle is
 3
(a) (b)  (c) (d) 2
2 2

Q23. Which one of the following CANNOT be explained by considering a harmonic


approximation for the lattice vibrations in solids?
(a) Deby’s T3 law (b) Dulong Petit’s law
(c) Optical branches in lattices (d) Thermal expansion

Q24. A particle is constrained to move in a truncated harmonic potential well (x > 0) as shown
in the figure. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
(a) The parity of the first excited state is even
V x
(b) The parity of the ground state is even
1
(c) the ground state energy is 
2
7
(d) The first excited state energy is 
2 x

Q25. The number of independent components of the symmetric tensor Aij with indices
i, j = 1, 2, 3 is
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 6 (d) 9

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Q.26 – Q.55 carry two marks each.

Q26. Consider a system in the unperturbed state described by the Hamiltonian, H0  1 0 .
0 1 

The system is subjected to a perturbation of the form H'     , when δ<< 1. The
  
energy eigenvalues of the perturbed system using the first order perturbation
approximation are
(a) 1 and (1 + 2δ) (b) (1 + δ) and (1 - δ)
(c) (1+ 2δ) and (1 - 2δ) (d) (1+ δ) and (1 - 2δ)
Q27. Inverse susceptibility (1/χ) as a function of temperature, T for a material undergoing
paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition is given in the figure, where O is the origin. The
values of the Curie constant, C, and the Weiss molecular field constant, λ, in CGS units,
are
1
600 K

5 2
(a) C  5  10 ,   3  10

(b) C  3  10 2 ,   5  10 5 O T

(c) C  3  10 2 ,   2  10 4
 2  10 4
4 2
(d) C  2  10 ,   3  10 (CGS unit)

Q28. A plane polarized electromagnetic wave in free space at time t=0 is given
 
by E  x, y   10 ˆj expi 6 x  8 z  . The magnetic field B x, z , t  is given by
 1
 
(a) Bx, z, t   6kˆ  8iˆ expi6 x  8 z  10ct 
c
 1
 
(b) Bx, z, t   6kˆ  8iˆ expi6 x  8 z  10ct 
c
 1
 
(c) B x, z , t   6kˆ  8iˆ expi6 x  8 z  ct 
c
 1
 
(d) Bx , z , t   6kˆ  8iˆ expi 6 x  8 z  ct 
c

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0 1 0
Q29. The eigenvalues of the matrix 1 0 1  are
0 1 0 

(a) 0, 1, 1 (b) 0, 2 , 2


1 1
(c) , ,0 (d) 2 , 2 ,0
2 2
Q30. Match the typical spectroscopic regions specified in Group I with the corresponding type
of transitions in Group II.
Group I Group II
(P) Infra-red region (i) electronic transitions involving valence electrons
(Q) Ultraviolet-visible region (ii) nuclear transitions
(R) X-ray region (iii) vibrational transitions of molecules
(S) γ-ray region (iv) transitions involving inner shell electrons
(a) (P, i); (Q, iii); (R, ii); (S, iv)
(b) (P, ii); (Q, iv); (R, i); (S, iii)
(c) (P, iii); (Q, i); (R, iv); (S, ii)
(d) (P, iv); (Q, i); (R, ii); (S, iii)

Q31. In the following circuit, for the output voltage to be V0   V1  V2 / 2  the ratio R1/R2 is

(a) 1/2  VCC


R
(b) 1 V1 

Vo
(c) 2 
V2
R1
- VCC
(d) 3 R2

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Q32. The term  j1 , j 2 J arising from 2 s1 3d 1 electronic in j-j coupling scheme are

1 3 1 5  1 1  1 3 
(a)  ,  and  ,  (b)  ,  and  , 
 2 2  2 ,1  2 2 3, 2  2 2 1, 0  2 2 2 ,1

1 1  1 5 3 1 1 5 
(c)  ,  and  ,  (d)  ,  and  , 
 2 2 1, 0  2 2 3, 2  2 2  2,1  2 2 3, 2

Q33. In the following circuit, the voltage drop across the ideal diode in forward bias condition
is 0.7V. The current passing through the diode is

(a) 0.5 mA 12k

(b) 1.0 mA  24 Volt



(c) 1.5 mA
6k 3.3 k
(d) 2.0 mA

Q34. Choose the CORRECT statement from the following


(a) Neutron interacts through electromagnetic interaction
(b) Electron does not interact through weak interaction
(c) Neutrino interacts through weak and electromagnetic interaction
(d) Quark interacts through strong interaction but not through weak interaction

Q35. A rod of proper length l0 oriented parallel to the x-axis moves with speed 2c/3 along the
x-axis in the S-frame, where c is the speed of the light in free space. The observer is also
moving along the x-axis with speed c/2 with respect to the S-frame. The length of the rod
as measured by the observer is
(a) 0.35 l0 (b) 0.48 l0 (c) 0.87 l0 (d) 0.97 l0

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Q36. A simple cubic crystal with lattice parameter a c undergoes transition into a tetragonal

structure with lattice parameters at  bt  2 ac and ct  2a c , below a certain


temperature. The ratio of the interplanar spacing of (1 0 1) planes for the cubic and the
tetragonal structure is

1 1 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 6 8 8
Q37. Consider the following circuit in which the current gain βdc of the transistor is 100.
 15 V

100 k 900 

100 

Which one of the following correctly represents the load line (collector current IC with
respect to collector-emitter voltage VCE) and Q-point of this circuit?
(a) (b)
15 mA Q - point 13 mA Q - point
(2 V, 13 mA) (2 V, 10 mA)
IC →

IC →

VCE  15 V VCE  15 V

(c) (d)
15 mA 13 mA
Q - point Q - point
IC →

IC →

(7.5 V, 7.5 mA) (7.5 V, 6.5 mA)

VCE  15 V VCE  15 V

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Q38. Consider a system whose three energy levels are given by 0, ε and 2ε. The energy level ε
is two-fold degenerate and the other two are non-degenerate. The partition function of the
1
system with   is given by
k BT

(a) 1  2e   (b) 2e    e 2  (c) (1  e   ) 2 (d) 1  e    e 2 

Q39. Two infinitely extended homogeneous isotopic dielectric media (medium-1and medium-2
1 
with dielectric constant  2 and 2  5 , respectively) meet at the z = 0 plane as shown
0 0
in the figure. A uniform electric field exists everywhere. For z ≥ 0, the electric field is

given by E1  2iˆ  3 ˆj  5kˆ . The interface separating the two media is charge free.The
electric displacement vector in the medium-2 is given by

medium - 1

medium - 2 z=0


(a) D 2   0 10iˆ  15 ˆj  10kˆ  
(b) D 2   0 10iˆ  15 ˆj  10kˆ 
(c) D 2   4iˆ  6 ˆj  10kˆ 
0 (d) D 2   4iˆ  6 ˆj  10kˆ 
0

Q40. The ground state wavefunction for the hydrogen atom is given
3/ 2
1  1 
by 100    e r / a0 , where a 0 is the Bohr radius.
4  a 0 
The plot of the radial probability density, P(r) for the hydrogen atom in the ground state
is

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(a) (b)

P(r) P(r)

r/a 0 r/a 0
(c) (d)

P(r) P(r)

r/a 0 r/a 0

Q41. Total binding energies of O15, O16 and O17 are 111.96 MeV, 127.62 MeV and 131.76
MeV, respectively. The energy gap between 1p 1 and 1d 3 neutron shells for the nuclei
2 2

whose mass number is closed to 16, is


(a) 4.1 MeV (b) 11.5 MeV (c) 15.7 MeV (d) 19.8 MeV
Q42. A particle of mass m is attached to fixed point O by a weightless inextensible string of
length a. It is rotating under the gravity as shown in the figure.
z
The Lagrangian of the particle is

1
 
L ,    ma 2  2  sin 2  2  mga cos
2 a
where θ and  are the polar angles
m

g
The Hamiltonian of the particles is

1  2 p2  1  2 p2 
(a) H   p    mga cos  (b) H   p    mga cos
2ma 2  sin 2   2ma 2  sin 2  
   
1 1
(c) H 
2 ma 2
 
p2  p2  mga cos  (d) H 
2 ma 2
 
p2  p2  mga cos 

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    
Q43.  
Given F  r  B where B  B0 iˆ  ˆj  kˆ is constant vector and r is the position vector.
 
The value of  F  dr , where C is a circle of unit radius entered at origin is,
C

(a) 0 (b) 2B0


x
(c)  2B0 (d) 1 C

Q44. The value of the integral  e 1 / z dz , using the contour C of circle with unit radius z  1 is
C

(a) 0 (b) 1  2 i (c) 1  2 i (d) 2 i

Q45. A paramagnetic system consisting of N spin-half particles is placed in an external


magnetic field. It is found that N/2 spin are aligned parallel and the remaining N/2 spins
are aligned antiparallel to the magnetic field. The statistical entropy of the system is,
N 3N
(a) 2 Nk B ln 2 (b) k B ln 2 (c) k B ln 2 (d) Nk B ln 2
2 2

Q46. The equilibrium vibration frequency for an oscillator is observed at 2990 cm-1. The ratio
of the frequencies corresponding to the first and the fundamental spectral lines is 1.96.
Considering the oscillator to be anharmonic, the anharmonicity constant is
(a) 0.005 (b) 0.02 (c) 0.05 (d) 0.1

Q47. At a certain temperature T, the average speed of nitrogen molecules in air is found to be
400 m/s. The most probable and the root mean square speed of the molecules are,
respectively,
(a) 355 m/s, 434 m/s (b) 820 m/s, 917 m/s
(c) 152 m/s, 301 m/s (d) 422 m/s, 600 m/s

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Common Data Questions


Common Data for Questions 48–49
The wavefunction of particle moving in free space is given by,   e ikx  2e  ikx

Q48. The energy of the particle is


5 2 k 2 3 2 k 2 2k 2 2k 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2m 4m 2m m

Q49. The probability current density for the real part of the wavefunction is
k k
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 0
m 2m

Common Data for Questions 50 – 51


The dispersion relation for a one dimensional monatomic crystal with lattice spacing a,
which interacts nearest neighbour harmonic potential is given by
Ka
  A sin
2
where A is a constant of appropriate unit.

Q50. The group velocity at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone is

Aa 2 1 Aa 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
2 2 2

Q51. The force constant between the nearest neighbour of the lattice is (M is the mass of the
atom)
MA 2 MA 2
(a) (b) (c) MA2 (d) 2MA2
4 2

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Linked Answer Questions


Statement for Linked Answer Questions 52 and 53:
In a hydrogen atom, consider that the electronic charge is uniformly distributed in a
spherical volume of radius a (  0.5  10 10 m ) around the proton. The atom is placed in a
uniform electric field E  30  10 5 V / m .Assume that the spherical distribution of the
negative charge remains undistorted under the electric field.
Q52. In the equilibrium condition, the separation between the positive and the negative charge
centers is
(a) 8.66  10 16 m (b) 2.60  10 15 m (c) 2.60  10 16 m (d) 8.66  10 15 m
Q53. The polarizability of the hydrogen atom in unit of (C2m/N) is
(a) 2.0  10 40 m (b) 1.4  10 41 m (c) 1.4  10 40 m (d) 2.0  10 39 m

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55:


A particle of mass m slides under the gravity without friction along the parabolic path
y  ax 2 axis shown in the figure. Here a is a constant.
y

x
Q54. The Lagrangian for this particle is given by,
1 2 1
(a) L 
2
mx  mgax 2 (b) L 
2
 
m 1  4a 2 x 2 x 2  mgax 2

1 1
(c) L 
2
mx 2  mgax 2 (d) L 
2
 
m 1  4a 2 x 2 x 2  mgax 2

Q55. The Lagrange’s equation of motion of the particle is


(a) x  2 gax  
(b) m 1  4a 2 x 2 x  2mgax  4ma 2 xx 2

 
(c) m 1  4a 2 x 2 x  2mgax  4ma 2 xx 2 (d) x  2 gax

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GENERAL APTITUDE (GA) QUESTIONS


Q.56 – Q.60 carry one marks each.

Q56. Choose the grammatically INCORRECT sentence:


(a) They gave us the money back less the service charge of Three Hundred rupees.
(b) This country’s expenditure is not less than that of Bangladesh.
(c) The committee initially asked for a funding of Fifty Lakh rupees, but later settled for a
less sum.
(d) This country’s expenditure on educational reforms is very less.

Q57. Which one of the following options is the closest in meaning to the word given below?
Mitigate
(a) Diminish (b) Divulge (c) Dedicate (d) Denote

Q58. Choose the most appropriate alternative from the options given below to complete the
following sentence:
Despite several _________ the mission succeeded in its attempt to resolve the
conflict.
(a) attempts (b) setbacks (c) meeting (d) delegations

Q59. The cost function for a product in a firm is given by 5q 2, where q is the amount of
production .The firm can sell the product at a market price of Rs. 50 per unit. The number
of units to be produced by the firm such that the profit is maximized is:
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 25

Q60. Choose the most appropriate alternative from the options given below to complete the
following sentence:
Suresh’s dog is the one________ was hurt in the stampede.
(a) that (b) which (c) who (d) whom

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Q.61 – Q.65 carry two marks each.


Q61. Which of the following assertions are CORRECT?
P. Adding 7 to each entry in a list adds 7 to the mean of the list
Q. Adding 7 to each entry in a list adds 7 to the standard deviation of the list
R. Doubling each entry in a list doubles the mean of the list
S. Doubling each entry in a list leaves the standard deviation of the list unchanged
(a) P, Q (b) Q, R (c) P, R (d) R, S
Q62. An automobile plant contracted to buy shock absorbers from two suppliers X and Y.
X supplies 60% and Y supplies 40% of the shock absorbers. All shock absorbers are
subjected to a quality test. The ones that pass the quality test are considered reliable. Of
X’s shock absorbers, 96% are reliable. Of Y’s shock absorbers, 72% are reliable.
The probability that a randomly chosen shock absorber, which is found to be reliable, is
made by Y is
(a) 0.288 (b) 0.334 (c) 0.667 (d) 0.720
Q63. A political party orders an arch for the entrance to the ground in which the annual
convention is being held. The profile of the arch follows the equation y  2 x  0.1x 2
where y is the height of the arch in meters. The maximum possible height of the arch is
(a) 8 meters (b) 10 meters (c) 12 meters (d) 14 meters
Q64. Wanted Temporary, Part-time persons for the post of Field Interviewer to conduct
personal interviews to collect and collate economic data. Requirements: High
School-pass, must be available for Day, Evening and Saturday work.
Transportation paid, expenses reimbursed.
Which one of the following is the best inference from the above advertisement?
(a) Gender-discriminatory (b) Xenophobic
(c) Not designed to make the post attractive (d) Not gender-discriminatory

Q65. Given the sequence of terms, AD CG FK JP, the next term is


(a) OV (b) OW (c) PV (d) PW

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