MODULE 2: CIVIL ENGINEERING REVIEW 6.

Find k in the equation 4x2 + kx + 1 = 0 so that it

will only have one real root.
A) 1
STARTER: REVIEW PROBLEM IN COLLEGE ALGEBRA (3
B) 2
minutes each)
C) 3
1. The sum of the reciprocals of two numbers is 11. D) 4
Three times the reciprocal of one of the number 7. The arithmetic mean of 80 numbers is 55. If two
is three more than twice the reciprocal of the numbers namely 250 and 850 are removed, what
other number. Find the numbers. is the arithmetic mean of the remaining
A) 5 and 6 numbers?
B) 7 and 4 A) 42.31
C) 1/5 and 1/6 B) 57.12
D) 1/7 and ¼ C) 50
D) 38.62
2. At what time after 12:00 noon will the hour hand 8. When the expression x^4 + ax^3 + bx + 6 is
and the minute hand of a clock first form an divided by (x-2), the remainder is 16. When it is
angle of 120 degrees? divided by (x+1) the remainder is 10. What is the
A) 21.818 value of the constant a?
B) 12:21.181 A) -5
C) 21.181 B) -9
D) 12:21.818 C) 7
D) 8
3. One pipe can fill a tank in 5 hours and another 9. Which of the following is correct?
pipe can fill the same tank in four hours. A A) -2 log 7 = 1/49
drainpipe can empty the full content of the tank B) log7 (-2) = 1/49
in 20 hours. With all the three pipes open, how C) log7 (1/49) = -2
long will it take to fill the tank? D) log7 (1/49) = 2
A) 2 hours 10. In the expansion of the (𝑥 + 4𝑦)12 , the
B) 2.5 hours numerical coefficient of the 5th term is
C) k1.92 hours A) 253,440
D) 1.8 hours B) 126,720
C) 63,360
4. A 100 kilogram salt solution originally 4% by D) 506,880
weight. Salt in water is boiled reduce water
content until the concentration is 5% by weight
salt. How much water is evaporated? PLANE AND SPHERICAL
A) 10
B) 15
TRIGONOMETRY
C) 20
D) 25 ANGLES, TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES AND EQUATION

5. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 15m. 1. What are the exact values of the cosine and
On each rebound, it rises 2/3 of the height from tangent trigonometric functions of acute angle
which it last fell. Find the distance travelled by A, given that sine A=3/7?
the ball before it comes to rest. A) Cos A= 7/2√10; tan A= 2√10/3
A) 75m B) Cos A= 2√10/7; tan A= 3√10/20
B) 96m C) Cos A= 2√10/3; tan A= 7√10/3
C) 100m D) Cos A= 2√10/3; tan A= 7√10/20
D) 85m
 2. If sin 3A= cos 6B then: B) 45.2
A) A + B = 180 C) 47.9
B) A + 2B = 30 D) 41.6
C) A – 2B = 30 2. Two sides of a triangle measures 6 cm and 8 cm
D) A + B = 30 and their included angle is 40°. Find the third
side.
3. Given three angles A,B, and C whose sum is 180 A) 5.144 cm
degrees. If the tan A + tan B + tan C = x, find the B) 5.263 cm
value of tan A x tan B x tan C. C) 4.256 cm
A) 1 – x D) 5.645 cm
B) √𝑥 3. Given a triangle: C = 100°, a = 15, b = 20. Find c.
C) x/2 A) 34
D) x B) 27
C) 43
4. If sin A = 2.751x, cos A = 3.06x, and sin 2A = D) 35
3.939x, find the value of x. 4. In a triangle ABC, A = 45 degrees and angle C is
A) 0.350 70 degrees. The side opposite angle C is 40m
B) 0.250 long. What is the side opposite angle A?
C) 0.100 A) 29.10 meters
D) 0.150 B) 32.25 meters
C) 30.10 meters
5. Simplify 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 ∅ + 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 ∅ D) 31.25 meters
A) 2 5. The sides of a triangle ABC are AB = 15cm, BC =
B) 1 18cm, and CA = 24cm. determine the distance
C) 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ∅ + 1 from the point of intersection of the angular
D) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 ∅ − 1 bisector to side AB.
A) 5.21 cm
6. 1. The angle or inclination of ascend of the road B) 3.78 cm
having 8.25% grade is _____ degrees. C) 4.73 cm
A) 5.12 degrees D) 6.25 cm
B) 4.72 degrees 6. An airplane leaves an aircraft carrier and flies
C) 1.86 degrees South at 350 mph. The carrier travels S 30° E at
D) 4.27 degrees 25 mph. if the wireless communication range of
7. In an isosceles right triangle, the hypotenuse is the airplane is 700 miles, when will it lose contact
how much longer than its side? to the carrier?
A) 2 times A) After 4.36 hours
B) √2times B) After 5.5 hours
C) 1.5 times C) After 2.13 hours
D) None of the above D) After 4.54 hours
7. A statue 2 meters high stands on a column that
TRIANGLES, ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND ANGLE OF is 3 meters high. An observer in level with the top
DEPRESSION of the statue observed that the column subtend
the same angle. How far is the observer from the
1. A truck travels from point M northward for 30 statue?
minutes then eastward for one hour, then A) 5√2𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
shifted N 30° W. if the constant speed id 40 kph, B) 2√5𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
how far directly from M, in kilometre will be it C) 20 meters
after 2 hours? D) √10𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
A) 43.5
8. An observer wishes to determine the height of a 14. The sides of a triangle are 18cm, 24cm, and 34
tower. He takes sights at the top of the tower cm, respectively. Find the length of the median
from A and B, which are 50 ft. apart, at the same to the 24 cm side in cm.
elevation on a direct line with the tower. The A) 24.4
vertical angle at the point A is 30° and at point B B) 21.9
is 40°. What is the height of the tower? C) 23.4
A) 85.6 ft D) 20.4
B) 143.97 ft 15. In the spherical triangle ABC, A= 116°19’, B =
C) 110.29 ft 55°30’, and C=80°37’. What is the value of side
D) 92.54 ft A?
9. Points A and B are 100m apart and are on the A) 115.57 degrees
same elevation as the foot of a building. The B) 113.21 degrees
angles of elevation of the top of the building C) 119.64 degrees
from points A and B are 21 degrees and 32 D) 115.65 degrees
degrees respectively. How far is A from the
building? ADVANCE ENGINEERING
A) 271.6 m
B) 265.4 m MATHEMATICS
C) 259.2 m
D) 277.9 m MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
10. Calculate the area of the spherical triangle
whose radius is 5m and whose angles are 40 A matrix is a rectangular collection of variables or scalars
degrees, 65 degrees and 110 degrees. contained within a set of square [ ] or round ( ) brackets.
11. A right spherical triangle has an angle C = 90 A matric consist of m rows and n columns.
degrees, a= 50 degrees, and c= 80 degrees. Find
side b. CLASSIFICATION OF MATRICES
A) 45.33 degrees
B) 78.66 degrees Square Matrix – a matrix whose number of rows m is
C) 74.33 degrees equal to the numbers of column n.
D) 75.89 degrees
12. At a certain point on the ground, the tower at the Diagonal Matrix – is a square matrix with all zero values
top of a 20m high building subtends an angle of except for the 𝑎𝑖𝑗 va;ue for all i=j.
45 degrees. At another point if the ground 25
meter closer the building, the tower subtends an Identity Matrix – is a diagonal matrix with all non-zero
angle of 45 degrees. Find the height of the tower. entries equal to 1.
A) 124.75 m
B) 87.45 m Scalar Matrix – is a diagonal matrix with all non-zero
C) 154.32 m entries equal to some other constant.
D) 101.85 m
13. From the third floor window of a building, the Triangular Matrix – has zeros in all positions above or
angle of depression of an object on the ground is below diagonal.
35°58’, while from a sixth floor window, 9.75m
above the first point of observation the angle of IMPORTANT ALLGEBRAIC OPERATION OF MATRICES
depression is 58°35’. How far is the object from
the building? 1. Equality of Matrices
A) 11.9 m 2. Addition and Subtraction of Matrices
B) 10.7 m 3. Multiplication of Matrices
C) 9.3 m 4. Division of Matrices
D) 15.3 m
OTHER OPERATION OF A MATRIX a + bi
where:
1. Transpose of a Matrix a = real part
The transpose of an (n x m) matrix formed b = imaginary part
from the original (m x n) matrix by taking the 𝑖 𝑡ℎ i = √−1
row and making it the 𝑖 𝑡ℎ column. The diagonal
is unchanged in this operation. Multiplication of a Complex Number
Sample Problem: Determine the Transpose of
the matrix: Multiplication of a complex number is similar to
1 3 5 multiplication of polynomials:
𝐴 = [6 7 3]
8 12 4 Sample Problem: (3 + 2𝑖)(4 − 3𝑖)
2. Determinant of a Matrix
Conjugate of a Complex Number
The determinant D is a scalar calculated
The conjugate of a complex number is
from a square matrix. The determinant of a
obtained by changing the sign of the imaginary part.
matrix is indicated by enclosing the matrix with
vertical lines.
Number Conjugate
2 + 3i 2 – 3i
3. The Cofactor of an Entry in a Matrix
6 – 7i 6 + 7i
The cofactor of an entry in a matrix is the
determinant of the matrix formed by omitting The product of a complex number and its
the entry’s row and column in the original conjugate is always a real number.
matrix, the sign of the cofactor is determined
from the following positional matrices: Division of a Complex Number
+ − +
Division of a complex number is obtained
[− + −]
+ − + by multiplying the numerator and denominator by the
Or, the sign of the cofactor can be determined by conjugate of the denominator.
the relation (−1)𝐼+𝐽 , where i is the column
number and j is the row number. 3+2𝑖
Sample Problem:
2+𝑖
Sample Problem: Find the cofactor of 7 in the
following matrix. POLAR FORM OR TRIGONOMETRIC FORM
2 7 3
[−2 5 6] The polar form of a complex number is used to
3 4 7 find the roots of a complex number.
4. Classical Adjoint
The classical adjoint is a matrix formed ARGAND DIAGRAM (COMPLEX PLANE)
from the transposed cofactor matrix with the
conventional sign arrangement. The resulting a + bi = r < ϴ
matrix is represented as 𝐴𝑎𝑑𝑗 .
where:
r = absolute value or modulus
ϴ = argument
COMPLEX NUMBERS a = r cosϴ
b = r sinϴ
ALGEBRAIC RECTANGULAR FORM
r = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
The algebraic rectangular form of a complex number is: tanϴ = b/a
Multiplication:
𝑟1 < ∅1 × 𝑟2 < ∅2 = 𝑟1 𝑟2 < (∅1 + ∅2 )

Division:

𝑟1 < ∅1 𝑟1
= < (∅1 + ∅2 )
𝑟2 < ∅2 𝑟2

De Moivre’s Theorem: [𝑟 < ∅]𝑛 = 𝑟 𝑛 < 𝑛∅

True for all value of n.

mth root of a complex number

To obtain the mth root of a complex number, use
De Moivre’s theorem with n = 1/m.
In finding the mth root of a complex number,
there are m solutions. The modulus r is always the same
and the argument ϴ are symmetrically spaced at (360/m)
apart, where m is the number of root required.

Problems:

1. Convert 3 +4i into polar form.

2. 2<30° x 4<15°
3. [2<75°]4
3
4. Find the second root and third root of √2 + 𝑖

EXPONENTIAL FORM

The exponential form of a complex number is

used when finding the logarithms of a complex number.

a + bi = r(cos ϴ + I sinϴ)
𝑒 𝑖∅ = cos ∅ + sin ∅
𝑒 −𝑖∅ = cos ∅ − sin ∅
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖 = 𝑒 𝑖∅

Sample Problem: Find ln (3+4i)

“Strength doesn’t come from what you can

do; it comes from doing the things you once
thought you couldn’t.”
Rikki Rogers