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THE
ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY
OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
EDITORIAL BOARD
MIGUEL CIVIL, IGNACE J. GELB, A. LEO OPPENHEIM, ERICA REINER
1973
PUBLISHED BY THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, U.S.A.
AND J. J. AUGUSTIN VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG, GLOCKSTADT, GERMANY

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER

ISBN-13: 978-0-918986-15-3
ISBN-10: 0-918986-15-X
(SET: 978-0-918986-05-4, 0-918986-05-2)
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 56-58292
COPYRIGHT 1971 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
Second Printing 1978
Third Printing 1992
Fourth Printing2008
PRINTED BY CUSHING-MALLOY, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
COMPOSITION BY J. J. AUGUSTIN, GLUCKSTADT, GERMANY

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THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY

VOLUME 9
L
A. LEO OPPENHEIM, EDITOR-IN-CHARGE
ERICA REINER, EDITOR
ROBERT D. BIGGS, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF
BURKHART KIENAST
ASSISTANT TO THE EDITORS
MARJORIE ELSWICK
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oi.uchicago.edu
Foreword
The basic manuscript of this volume was prepared by Professor Burkhart Kienast,
University of Erlangen.
Thanks are also due to several other colleagues abroad for their help in the preparation
of this volume: to Professor W. G. Lambert, University of Birmingham, who read the manu-
script and made suggestions and corrections; to Professor Hans E. Hirsch, University of
Vienna, who read the proofs and suggested a number of improvements; to Professor
Mogens Trolle Larsen, University of Copenhagen, who also read the proofs and made a
number of valuable suggestions, especially concerning the Old Assyrian material.
Chicago, Illinois A. LEO OPPENHEIM
February, 1973
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Provisional List of Bibliographical Abbreviations

The following compilation brings up to date the list of abbreviations given in volumes A Parts I and 2,
B, D, E, G, H, I/J, K, S, and Z and includes the titles previously cited according to the lists of abbreviations
in Archiv fur Orientforschung, W. von Soden, Grundrif3 der akkadischen Grammatik, and Zeitschrift fir
Assyriologie. Complete bibliographical references will be given in a later volume. The list also includes
the titles of the lexical series as prepared for publication by B. Landsberger, or under his supervision, or
in collaboration with him.
A lexical series a A - ndqu logie et d'Histoire Orientales et

A tablets in the collections of the Slaves (Brussels)
Oriental Institute, University of Aistleitner J. Aistleitner, W6rterbuch der
Chicago W6rterbuch Ugaritischen Sprache
AAA Annals of Archaeology and Anthro- AJA American Journal of Archaeology
pology AJSL American Journal of Semitic Lan-
AASF Annales Academiae Scientiarum guages and Literatures
Fennicae AKA E. A. W. Budge and L. W. King,
AASOR The Annual of the American Schools The Annals of the Kings of Assyria
of Oriental Research F. A. Ali Su- F.A.Ali, Sumerian Letters: Two
AB Assyriologische Bibliothek merian Collections from the Old Baby-
ABAW Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Letters lonian Schools
Akademie der Wissenschaften Altmann, ed., Altmann, ed.. Biblical and Other
AbB Altbabylonische Briefe in Um- Biblical and Studies (= Philip W. Lown In-
schrift und (tbersetzung Other Studies stitute of Advanced Judaic Stud-
Abel-Winckler L. Abel and H. Winckler, Keil- ies, Brandeis University, Studies
schrifttexte zum Gebrauch bei and Texts: Vol. 1)
Vorlesungen AMI Archaologische Mitteilungen aus
ABIM A. al-Zeebari, Altbabylonische Iran
Briefe des Iraq-Museums AMSUH Abhandlungen aus dem mathema-
ABL R. F. Harper, Assyrian and Baby- tischen Seminar der Universitait
lonian Letters Hamburg
ABoT Ankara Arkeoloji Miizesinde .. . AMT R. C. Thompson, Assyrian Medical
Bogazkoy Tabletleri Texts ...
AbS-T field numbers of Pre-Sar. tablets An lexical series An - Anum
excavated at Tell Abi Salabikh AnBi Analecta Biblica
ACh C. Virolleaud, L'Astrologie chald6- Andrae W. Andrae, Die Festungswerke
enne Festungs- von Assur (- WVDOG 23)
Acta Or. Acta Orientalia werke
Actes du 8e Actes du 8e Congres International Andrae W. Andrae, Die Stelenreihen in
Congres des Orientalistes, Section Sdmi- Stelenreihen Assur (= WVDOG 24)
International tique (B) ANES Journal of the Ancient Near
ADD C. H. W. Johns, Assyrian Deeds Eastern Society of Columbia
and Documents University
AfK Archiv fiir Keilschriftforschung Angim epic Angim dimma, cited from
AfO Archiv fir Orientforschung MS. of A. Falkenstein
AGM Archiv fir Geschichte der Medizin AnOr Analecta Orientalia
AHDO Archives d'histoire du droit ori- AnSt Anatolian Studies
ental Antagal lexical series antagal =- Saqu
AHw. W. von Soden, Akkadisches Hand- AO tablets in the collections of the
worterbuch Musee du Louvre
Ai. lexical series ki.KI.cAL.b i.e - ana AOAT Alter Orient und Altes Testament
ittiu, pub. MSL 1 AOAW Anzeiger der Osterreichischen Aka-
AIPHOS Annuaire de 1'Institut de Philo- demie der Wissenschaften
vi
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Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

AOB Altorientalische Bibliothek BASOR Bulletin of the American Schools
AOS American Oriental Series of Oriental Research
AOTU Altorientalische Texte und Unter- Bauer Asb. T. Bauer, Das Inschriftenwerk As-
suchungen surbanipals
APAW Abhandlungen der Preulischen Baumgartner Hebraische Wortforschung, Fest-
Akademie der Wissenschaften AV schrift zum 80. Geburtstag von
Arkeologya Tiirk Tarih, Arkeologya ve Ethno- Walter Baumgartner (- VT
Dergisi grafya Dergisi Supp. XVI)
ARM Archives royales de Mari (- TCL BBK Berliner Beitrage zur Keilschrift.
22-) forschung
ARMT Archives royales de Mari (texts in BBR H. Zimmern, Beitrige zur Kenntnis
transliteration and translation) der babylonischen Religion
Aro Glossar J. Aro, Glossar zu den mittel- BBSt. L. W. King, Babylonian Boundary
babylonischen Briefen (= StOr 22) Stones
Aro Gramm. J. Aro, Studien zur mittelbaby- BE Babylonian Expedition of the Uni-
lonischen Grammatik (= StOr 20) versity of Pennsylvania, Series A:
Aro Infinitiv J. Aro, Die akkadischen Infinitiv- Cuneiform Texts
konstruktionen (- StOr 26) Belleten Turk Tarih Kurumu, Belleten
A ro Kleider- J. Aro, Mittelbabylonische Kleider- Bergmann E. Bergmann, Lugale (in MS.)
texte texte der Hilprecht-Sammlung Lugale
Jena Bezold Cat. C. Bezold, Catalogue of the Cunei-
ArOr Archiv OrientAlni form Tablets in the Kouyunjik
ARU J. Kohler and A. Ungnad, Assy- Collection of the British Museum
rische Rechtsurkunden Bezold Cat. L. W. King, Catalogue of the
AS Assyriological Studies (Chicago) Supp. Cuneiform Tablets of the British
ASAW Abhandlungen der Sachsischen Museum. Supplement
Akademie der Wissenschaften Bezold Glossar C. Bezold, Babylonisch-assyrisches
ASGW Abhandlungen der Siichsischen Ge- Glossar
sellschaft der Wissenschaften BHT S. Smith, Babylonian Historical
ASKT P. Haupt, Akkadische und sume- Texts
rische Keilschrifttexte ... BiAr The Biblical Archaeologist
ASSF Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fen- Bib. Biblica
nicae Biggs Saziga R. D. Biggs, S .zI.GA: Ancient
Assur field numbers of tablets excavated Mesopotamian Potency Incan-
at Assur tations (- TCS 2)
A-tablet lexical text, see MSL 13 10ff. Bilgig Appel- E. Bilgic, Die einheimischen Appel-
Augapfel J. Augapfel, Babylonische Rechts- lativa der lativa der kappadokischen Texte
urkunden aus der Regierungszeit kapp. Texte ..
Artaxerxes I. und Darius II. BIN Babylonian Inscriptions in the Col-
Aynard Asb. J.-M. Aynard, Le Prisme du Louvre lection of J. B. Nies
AO 19.939 BiOr Bibliotheca Orientalis
BA Beitrige zur Assyriologie ... Birot Tablet- M. Birot, Tablettes 6conomiques
Bab. Babyloniaca tes et administratives d'dpoque ba-
Bagh. Mitt. Baghdader Mitteilungen bylonienne ancienne conservees
Balkan Kassit. K. Balkan, Kassitenstudien (= AOS au Mus6e d'Art et d'Histoire de
Stud. 37) Geneve
Balkan Letter K. Balkan, Letter of King Anum- BM tablets in the collections of the
Hirbi of Mama to King Warshama British Museum
of Kanish BMAH Bulletin des Musees Royaux d'Art
Balkan K. Balkan, Observations on the et d'Histoire
Observations Chronological Problems of the BMFA Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts
Kirum Kanis BMMA Bulletin of the Metropolitan Mu-
Barton G. A. Barton, Haverford Library seum of Art
Haverford Collection of Cuneiform Tablets or BMQ The British Museum Quarterly
Documents from the Temple BMS L. W. King, Babylonian Magic and
Archives of Telloh Sorcery
Barton MBI G. A. Barton, Miscellaneous Baby- Bo. field numbers of tablets excavated
lonian Inscriptions at Boghazkeui
Barton RISA G. A. Barton, The Royal Inscrip- Bohl Chres- F. M. T. Bohl, Akkadian Chres-
tions of Sumer and Akkad tomathy tomathy
vii
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B6hl Leiden F. M. T. Bohl, Mededeelingen uit CH R. F. Harper, The Code of Ham-
Coll. de Leidsche Verzameling van murabi ...
Spijkerschrift-Inscripties Chantre E. Chantre, Recherches archdolo-
Boissier Choix A. Boissier, Choix de textes relatifs giques dans 1'Asie occidentale.
a la divination assyro-babylo- Mission en Cappadoce 1893-94
nienne Chiera STA E. Chiera, Selected Temple Ac-
Boissier DA A. Boissier, Documents assyriens counts from Telloh, Yokha and
relatifs aux pr6sages Drehem. Cuneiform Tablets in
Bollenriicher J. Bllenriicher, Gebete und Hym- the Library of Princeton Univer-
Nergal nen an Nergal (- LSS 1/6) sity
BOR Babylonian and Oriental Record Christian Festschrift fur Prof. Dr. Viktor
Borger R. Borger, Einleitung in die assyri- Festschrift Christian
Einleitung schen Konigsinschriften Qig-Kizilyay M. 9ig and H. Kizilyay, Neusumeri-
Borger Esarh. R. Borger, Die Inschriften Asar- NRVN sche Rechts- und Verwaltungs-
haddons, Konigs von Assyrien urkunden aus Nippur
(- AfO Beiheft 9) (ig-Kizilyay- M. (ig, H. Kizilyay (Bozkurt),
Boson G. Boson, Tavolette cuneiformi Kraus Nippur F. R. Kraus, Altbabylonische
Tavolette sumere ... Rechtsurkunden aus Nippur
BoSt Boghazkoi-Studien 9ig-Kizilyay- M. (ig, H. Kizilyay, A. Salonen,
BoTU Die Boghazkoi-Texte in Umschrift Salonen Die Puzrig-Dagan-Texte (= AASF
... (- WVDOG 41-42) Puzrii-Dagan- B 92)
Boudou Liste A. Boudou, Liste de noms geo- Texte
graphiques (= Or. 36-38) Clay PN A. T. Clay, Personal Names from
a
Boyer Contri- G. Boyer, Contribution l'histoire Cuneiform Inscriptions of the Cas-
bution juridique de la lre Dynastie site Period (- YOR 1)
babylonienne Coll. de Clercq H. F. X. de Clercq, Collection de
von Branden- C. G. von Brandenstein, Hethiti- Clercq. Catalogue ...
stein Heth. scho Gotter nach Bildbeschrei- Combe Sin E. Combe, Histoire du culte de Sin
Gotter bungen in Keilschrifttexten (= en Babylonie et en Assyrie
MVAG 46/2) Contenau G. Contenau, Contribution A l'his-
Brinkman J. A. Brinkman, A Political His- Contribution toire 6conomique d'Umma
PKB tory of Post-Kassite Babylonia, Contenau G. Contenau, Umma sous la
1158-722 B.C. (= AnOr 43) Umma Dynastie d'Ur
BRM Babylonian Records in the Library Corpus of E. Porada, Corpus of Ancient Near
of J. Pierpont Morgan Ancient Near Eastern Seals in North American
Brockelmann C. Brockelmann, Lexicon syriacum, Eastern Seals Collections
Lex. Syr. 2 2nd ed. CRAI Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-
B SAW Berichte der Sichsischen Akademie Lettres. Comptes rendus
der Wissenschaften Craig AAT J. A. Craig, Astrological-Astro-
BSGW Berichte der Sachsischen Gesell- nomical Texts
schaft der Wissenschaften Craig ABRT J. A. Craig, Assyrian and Babylo-
BSL Bulletin de la Socited de Linguis- nian Religious Texts
tique de Paris Cros Tello G. Cros, Mission francaise de Chal-
BSOAS Bulletin of the School of Oriental de. Nouvelles fouilles de Tello
and African Studies CRRA Compte rendu, Rencontre Assyrio-
CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the logique Internationale
Oriental Institute of the Uni- CT Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian
versity of Chicago Tablets
Cagni Erra L. Cagni, L'epopea di Erra Cyr. J. N. Strassmaier, Inschriften von
Camb. J. N. Strassmaier, Inschriften von Cyrus
Cambyses Dalman G. H. Dalman, ... Aramiisch-neu-
CBM tablets in the collections of the Aram. Wb. hebraisches Worterbuch zu Tar-
University Museum of the Uni- gum, Talmud und Midrasch
versity of Pennsylvania, Phila- Dar. J. N. Strassmaier, Inschriften von
delphia (- CBS) Darius
CBS tablets in the collections of the David AV J. A. Ankum, R. Feenstra,
University Museum of the Univer- W. F. Leemans, eds., Symbolae
sity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia iuridicae et historicae Martino
CCT Cuneiform Texts from Cappadocian David dedicatae. Tomus alter:
Tablets Iura Orientis antiqui
viii
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ProvisionalList of BibliographicalAbbreviations
Deimel Fara A. Deimel, Die Inschriften von Fara Ebeling E. Ebeling, Neubabylonische
(- WVDOG 40, 43, 45) Neubab. Briefe aus Uruk
Delaporte L. J. Delaporte, Catalogue des Briefe aus Uruk
Catalogue cylindres orientaux ... de la Ebeling E. Ebeling, Parfiimrezepte und
Bibliotheque Bibliotheque Nationale Parfiimrez. kultische Texte aus Assur (also
Nationale pub. in Or. NS 17-19)
Delaporte L. J. Delaporte, Catalogue des Ebeling E. Ebeling, Stiftungen und Vor-
Catalogue cylindres ... Musee de Louvre Stiftungen schriften fur assyrische Tempel
Louvre (= VIO 23)
Delitzsch AL3 F. Delitzsch, Assyrische Lesestiicke, Ebeling E. Ebeling, Bruchstiicke einer
3rd ed. Wagenpferde mittelassyrischen Vorschriften-
Delitzsch F. Delitzsch, Assyrisches Hand- sammlung fuir die Akklimati-
HWB worterbuch sierung und Trainierung von
Dietrich M. Dietrich, Die Aramiaer Suid- Wagenpferden (= VIO 7)
Aramaer babyloniens in der Sargoniden- Edzard Tell D. O. Edzard, Altbabylonische
zeit (=AOAT 7) ed-Der Rechts- und Wirtschaftsurkunden
van Dijk J. van Dijk, Sumerische Gotter- aus Tell ed-Der
G6tterlieder lieder Edzard D. O. Edzard, Die "Zweite Zwi-
van Dijk J. van Dijk, La Sagesse Sum6ro- Zwischenzeit schenzeit" Babyloniens
La Sagesse Accadienne Eilers W. Eilers, Iranische Beamten-
Diri lexical series diri DI siaku = Beamten- namen in der keilschriftlichen
(w)atru namen -berlieferung (= Abhandlungen
Divination J. Nougayrol, ed., La divination fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes
en m6sopotamie ancienne et dans 25/5)
les r6gions voisines Eilers W. Eilers, Gesellschaftsformen im
DLZ Deutsche Literaturzeitung Gesellschafts- altbabylonischen Recht
DP M. Allotte de la Fuye, Documents formen
presargoniques Emesal Voc. lexical series dimmer = dingir
Dream-book A. L. Oppenheim, The Inter- = ilu, pub. MSL 4 3-44
pretation of Dreams in the Ancient En. el. Enuma eliA
Near East (- Transactions of the Erimhu lexical series erimhhuA = anantu
American Philosophical Society, Erimhui Bogh. Boghazkeui version of Erimhus
Vol. 46/3) Eshnunna see Goetze LE
van Driel Cult G. van Driel, The Cult of Assur Code
of A6iur Evetts App. B. T. A. Evetts, Inscriptions of...
D. T. tablets in the collections of the Evil-Merodach ... Appendix
British Museum Evetts Ev.-M. B. T. A. Evetts, Inscriptions of
Ea lexical series ea A = ndqu ... Evil-Merodach
EA J. A. Knudtzon, Die El-Amarna- Evetts Lab. B. T. A. Evetts, Inscriptions of
Tafeln (- VAB 2); EA 359-79: ... Laborosoarchod
A. F. Rainey, El Amarna Tablets Evetts Ner. B. T. A. Evetts, Inscriptions of
359-79 (= AOAT 8) ... Neriglissar
Eames Coll. A. L. Oppenheim, Catalogue of the Explicit Malku synonym list malku = arru, ex-
Cuneiform Tablets of the Wilber- plicit version (Tablets I-II pub.
force Eames Babylonian Col- A. D. Kilmer, JAOS 83 421ff.)
lection in the New York Public Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Archaische Texte
Library (= AOS 32) ATU aus Uruk
Eames Col- tablets in the Wilberforce Eames Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Das Sumerische
lection Babylonian Collection in the New Das Sume- (= Handbuch der Orientalistik,
York Public Library rische Erste Abteilung, Zweiter Band,
Ebeling E. Ebeling, Glossar zu den neu- Erster und Zweiter Abschnitt,
Glossar babylonischen Briefen Lieferung I)
Ebeling E. Ebeling, Die akkadische Ge- Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Dieneusumerischen
Handerhebung betsserie Su-ila "Handerhebung" Gerichts- Gerichtsurkunden
(= VIo 20) urkunden
Ebeling KMI E. Ebeling, Keilschrifttexte medi- Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Sumerische Gotter-
zinischen Inhalts Gotterlieder lieder
Ebeling E. Ebeling, Neubabylonische Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Grammatik der
Neubab. Briefe Grammatik Sprache Gudeas von Laga (=
Briefe AnOr 28 and 29)
ix
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Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Die Haupttypen GGA Gottingische Gelehrte Anzeigen
Haupttypen der sumerischen Beschworung Gilg. Gilgame epic, cited fromThompson
(= LSS NF 1) Gilg. (M. = Meissner Fragment,
Falkenstein A. Falkenstein, Topographie von OB Version of Tablet X, P. -
Topographie Uruk Pennsylvania Tablet, OB Version
FF Forschungen und Fortschritte of Tablet II, Y. - Yale Tablet,
Figulla Cat. H. H. Figulla, Catalogue of the OB Version of Tablet III)
Babylonian Tablets in the British Gilg. O. I. OB Gilg. fragment from Ishchali
Museum pub. by T. Bauer in JNES 16
Finet A. Finet, L'Accadien des Lettres de 254ff.
L'Accadien Mari Goetze A. Goetze, Hattuilis. Der Bericht
Fish Catalogue T. Fish, Catalogue of Sumerian Hattusilis fiber seine Thronbesteigung nebst
Tablets in the John Rylands den Paralleltexten (= MVAG
Library 29/3)
Fish Letters T. Fish, Letters of the First Baby- Goetze A. Goetze, Kizzuwatna and the
lonian Dynasty in the John Kizzuwatna Problem of Hittite Geography
Rylands Library, Manchester (= YOR 22)
Frankel S. Frankel, Die aramaischen Goetze LE A. Goetze, The Laws of Eshnunna
Fremdw. Fremdworter im Arabischen (- AASOR 31)
Frankena R. Frankena, TAkultu, De sacrale Goetze Neue A. Goetze, Neue Bruchstiicke
TAkultu Maaltijd in het assyrische Ritueel Bruchstiicke zum grol3en Text des Hattusilii
Friedrich R. von Kienle, ed., Festschrift und den Paralleltexten (=
Festschrift Johannes Friedrich ... MVAG 34/2)
Friedrich J. Friedrich, Die hethitischen Ge- Golenischeff V. S. Gol6nischeff, Vingt-quatre
Gesetze setze (= Documenta et monu- tablettes cappadociennes ...
menta orientis antiqui 7) Gordon C. H. Gordon, Ugaritic Handbook
Friedrich J. Friedrich, Hethitisches Worter- Handbook (- AnOr 25)
Heth. Wb. buch ... Gordon Smith C. H. Gordon, Smith College
Gadd Early C. J. Gadd, The Early Dynasties of College Tablets ... (- Smith College
Dynasties Sumer and Akkad Studies in History, Vol. 38)
Gadd Ideas C. J. Gadd, Ideas of Divine Rule Gordon E. I. Gordon, Sumerian Proverbs
in the Ancient East Sumerian
Gadd C. J. Gadd, Teachers and Students Proverbs
Teachers in the Oldest Schools Gossmann Era F. Gossmann, Das Era-Epos
Gandert A. von Miiller, ed., Gandert Fest- Grant Bus. E. Grant, Babylonian Business
Festschrift schrift (= Berliner Beitrage zur Doc. Documents of the Classical Period
Vor- und Friihgeschichte 2) Grant Smith E. Grant, Cuneiform Documents in
Garelli Gilg. P. Garelli, Gilgame et sa ldgende.
etudes
Garelli
recueillies par Paul
l'occasion de la VIIe
College
Gray Samal
the Smith College Library
C. D. Gray, The Samar Religious
Texts ...
Rencontre Assyriologique Inter- Guest Notes E. Guest, Notes on Plants and
nationale (Paris, 1958) on Plants Plant Products with their Collo-
Garelli Les P. Garelli, Les Assyriens en Cap- quial Names in 'Iraq
Assyriens padoce Guest Notes E. Guest, Notes on Trees and
Gaster AV Occident and Orient (Studies in on Trees Shrubs for Lower Iraq
Honour of M. Gaster) Giiterbock H. G. Giiterbock, Siegel aus Bo-
Gautior J. E. Gautier, Archives d'une Siegel gazkoy (= AfO Beiheft 5 and 7)
Dilbat famille de Dilbat ... Hallo Royal W. W. Hallo, Early Mesopotamian
GCCI R. P. Dougherty, Goucher College Titles Royal Titles (- AOS 43)
Cuneiform Inscriptions Hartmann H. Hartmann, Die Musik der su-
Gelb OAIC I. J. Gelb, Old Akkadian Inscrip- Musik merischen Kultur
tions in Chicago Natural History Haupt P. Haupt, Das babylonische Nim-
Museum Nimrodepos rodepos
Genouillac H. de Genouillac, Premieres re- Haverford E. Grant, ed., The Haverford
Kich cherches arch6ologiques A Kich Symposium Symposium on Archaeology and
Genouillac H. de Genouillac, La trouvaille de the Bible
Trouvaille Dr6hem Hecker K. Hecker, Die Keilschrifttexte der
Gesenius 1 7 W. Gesenius, Hebriisches und ara- Giessen Universititsbibliothek Giessen
maisches Handworterbuch, 17th Hecker K. Hecker, Grammatik der Kiil-
ed. Grammatik tepe-Texte (= AnOr 44)
oi.uchicago.edu
Heimpel W. Heimpel, Tierbilder in der HS tablets in the Hilprecht collection,
Tierbilder sumerischen Literatur (= Studia Jena
Pohl 2) HSM Harvard Semitic Museum
Herzfeld API E. Herzfeld, Altpersische In- HSS Harvard Semitic Series
schriften HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual
Hewett An- D. D. Brand and F. E. Harvey, Hunger H. Hunger, Babylonische und As-
niversary eds., So Live the Works of Men: Kolophone syrische Kolophone (= AOAT 2)
Vol. Seventieth Anniversary Volume Hussey M. I. Hussey, Sumerian Tablets in
Honoring Edgar Lee Hewett Sumerian the Harvard Semitic Museum
Hg. lexical series HA.gud - imrd Tablets (- HSS 3 and 4)
- ballu pub. MSL 5-11 IB tablets in the Pontificio Istituto
HG J. Kohler et al., Hammurabi's Biblico, Rome
Gesetz IBoT Istanbul Arkeoloji Miizelerinde Bu-
Hh. lexical series $AB.ra - hubullu (Hh. lunan Bogazkoy Tabletleri
I-IVpub.Landsberger, MSL5 ;Hh. ICK Inscriptions cuneiformes du Kul-
V- VII pub. Landsberger, MSL 6; tep6
Hh. VIII-XII pub. Landsberger, Idu lexical series A - idu
MSL 7; Hh. XIII-XIV, XVIII IEJ Israel Exploration Journal
pub. Landsberger, MSL 8; Rh. IF Indogermanische Forschungen
XV pub. Landsberger, MSL 9; Igituh lexical series igi t uh - tamartu.
Hh. XVI, XVII, XIX pub. Lands- Igituh short version pub. Lands-
berger-Reiner, MSL 10; Hh. berger-Gurney, AfO 18 81ff.
XX-XXIV pub. Landsberger- ILN Illustrated London News
Reiner, MSL 11) IM tablets in the collections of the Iraq
Hilprecht AV Hilprecht Anniversary Volume. Museum, Baghdad
Studies in Assyriology and Ar- Imgidda to see Erimhus
chaelogy Dedicated to Hermann Erimbus
V. Hilprecht Istanbul tablets in the collections of the
Hilprecht H. V. Hilprecht, The Earliest Archaeological Museum ofIstanbul
Deluge Story Version of the Babylonian Deluge ITT Inventaire des tablettes de Tello
Story and the Temple Library of Izbu Comm. commentary to the series Aumma
Nippur izbu, cited from MS. of B. Lands-
Hinke Kudurru W. J. Hinke, Selected Babylonian berger, pub. Leichty Izbu pp.
Kudurru Inscriptions, No. 5, 211-33
pp. 21-27 Izi lexical series izi = i ttu, pub.
Hirsch H. Hirsch, Untersuchungen zur alt- Civil, MSL 13 154-226
Unter- assyrischen Religion (- AfO Bei- Izi Bogh. Boghazkeui version of Izi, pub.
suchungen heft 13/14) Civil, MSL 13 132-147
Holma H. Holma, Kleine Beitriige zum JA Journal asiatique
Kl. Beitr. assyrischen Lexikon Jacobsen T. Jacobsen, Cuneiform Texts in the
Holma H. Holma, Die Namen der K6r- Copenhagen National Museum, Copenhagen
Korperteile perteile im Assyrisch-babylo- Jankowska N. B. Jankowska, Klinopisnye
nischen KTK teksty iz Kjul'-Tepe v sobrani-
Holma Omen H. Holma, Omen Texts from Baby- jakh SSSR
Texts lonian Tablets in the British JAOS Journal of the American Oriental
Museum ... Society
Holma H. Holma, Die assyrisch-babylo- Jastrow Dict. M. Jastrow, A Dictionary of the
Quttulu nischen Personennamen der Form Targumim ...
Quttulu ... JBL Journal of Biblical Literature
HolmaWeitere H. Holma, Weitere Beitrage zum JCS Journal of Cuneiform Studies
Beitr. assyrischen Lexikon JEA Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
Hrozny Code F. Hrozny, Code hittite provenant JEN Joint Expedition with the Iraq
Hittite de l'Asie Mineure Museum at Nuzi
Hrozny F. Hrozny, Das Getreide im alten JENu Joint Expedition with the Iraq
Getreide Babylonien ... Museum at Nuzi, unpub.
Hrozny F. Hrozny, Inscriptions cundiformes JEOL Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-
Kultepe du Kultip4 (- ICK 1) (= Monogr. Egyptisch Genootschap "Ex
ArOr 14) Oriente Lux"
Hrozny F. Hrozny, Die Keilschrifttexte von JESHO Journal of Economic and Social
Ta'annek Ta'annek, in Sellin Ta'annek History of the Orient
xi
oi.uchicago.edu

Jestin NTS9
Jestin
R.
sum6riennes de guruppak
Jestin, Nouvelles tablettes
R. Jestin, Tablettes sumriennes de

K1F
Knudtzon
Gebete
Kleinasiatische Forschungen
J. A. Knudtzon, Assyrische Gebete
an den Sonnengott ...
Suruppak Suruppak ... Kocher BAM F. Kocher, Die babylonisch-assy-
JKF Jahrbuch fiir kleinasiatische For- rische Medizin in Texten und
schung Untersuchungen
JNES Journal of Near Eastern Studies Kocher F. Kocher, Keilschrifttexte zur
Johns Dooms- C. H. W. Johns, An Assyrian Pflanzen- assyrisch-babylonischen Drogen-
day Book Doomsday Book kunde und Pflanzenkande (- VIO 28)
Jones-Snyder T. B. Jones and J. Snyder, Sume- Kohler u. Peiser J. Kohler, F. E. Peiser, Aus dem
rian Economic Texts from the Rechtsleben babylonischen Rechtsleben
Third Ur Dynasty Konst. tablets excavated at Assur, in the
JPOS Journal of the Palestine Oriental collections of the Archaeological
Society Museum of Istanbul
J QR Jewish Quarterly Review Koschaker P. Koschaker, Babylonisch-assy-
JRAS Journal of the Royal Asiatic Biirgsohafts- risches Burgschaftsrecht
Society recht
JSOR Journal of the Society of Oriental Koschaker P. Koschaker, Uber einige griechi-
Research Griech. sche Rechtsurkunden aus den ost-
JSS Journal of Semitic Studies Rechtsurk. lichen Randgobieten des Hellenis-
JTVI Journal of the Transactions of the mus
Victoria Institute Koschaker P. Koschaker, Neue keilschriftliche
K. tablets in the Kouyunjik collection NRUA Rechtsurkunden aus der El-
of the British Museum Amarna-Zeit
Kagal lexical series kagal = abullu, pub. Kramer S. N. Kramer, Lamentation over
Civil, MSL 13 227-61 Lamentation the Destruction of Ur (- AS 12)
KAH Keilschrifttexte aus Assur histori- Kramer S. N. Kramer, Sumerian Literary
schen Inhalts SLTN Texts from Nippur (= AASOR 23)
KAJ Keilschrifttexte aus Assur juristi- Kramer Two S. N. Kramer, Two Elegies on a
schen Inhalts Elegies Pushkin Museum Tablet
KAR Keilschrifttexte aus Assur religi- Kraus AbB F.R. Kraus, Altbabylonische Briefe
6sen Inhalts Kraus Edikt F. R. Kraus, Ein Edikt des Konigs
KAV Keilschrifttexte aus Assur ver- Ammi-Saduqa von Babylon (-=
schiedenen Inhalts Studia et documenta ad iura
KB Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek orientis antiqui pertinentia 5)
KBo Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazk6i Kraus Texte F. R. Kraus, Texte zur babyloni-
Kent Old R. G. Kent, Old Persian ... schen Physiognomatik (= AfO
Persian (= AOS 33) Beiheft 3)
Ker Porter R. Ker Porter, Travels in Georgia, Krecher J. Krecher, Sumerische Kultlyrik
Travels Persia, Armenia, Ancient Babylo. Kultlyrik
nia, etc. .. . KT Blanckertz J. Lewy, Die Kultepetexte der
Kh. tablets from Khafadje in the col- Sammlung Blanckertz ...
lections of the Oriental Institute, KT Hahn J. Lewy, Die Kiiltepetexte der
University of Chicago Sammlung Hahn ...
Kienast B. Kienast, Die altassyrischen KTS J. Lewy, Die altassyrischen Texte
ATHE Texte des Orient alischen Seminars vom Kliltepe bei Kaisarije
der Universiti t Heidelberg und KUB Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazkoi
dor Sammlung Erlenmeyer Kiichler Beitr. F. Kuchler, Beitriige zur Kenntnis
King Chron. L. W. King, Chronicles Concerning der assyrisch-babylonischen Me-
Early Babylonian Kings .. . dizin . ..
King Early L. W. King, A History of Sumer Kiultepe unpublished tablets from Kiiltepe
History and Akkad: An Account of the Kupper Les J.-R Kupper, Les nomades en
Early Races of Babylonia ... Nomades Mesopotamie au temps des rois de
King History L. W. King, A History of Babylon Mari
King Hittite L. W. King, Hittite Texts in the Labat R. Labat,L'Akkadien deBoghaz-koi
Texts Cuneiform Character in the British L'Akkadien
Museum Labat R. Labat, Un calendrier babylonien
Kish tablets excavated at Kish, in the Calendrier des travaux, des signes et des mois
collections of the Ashmolean Labat TDP R. Labat, Trait6 akkadien de dia-
Museum, Oxford gnostics et pronostics medicaux
xii
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Laessee Bit J. Laessoe, Studies on the Assyrian Lehmann- F. F. C. Lehmann-Haupt ed.,
Rimki Ritual bU rimki Haupt CIC Corpus inscriptionum chaldicarum
Lajard Culte J. B. F. Lajard, Recherches sur le Leichty Izbu E. Leichty, The Omen Series Rum-
de Venus culte ... de Venus ma Izbu (- TCS 4)
Lambert BWL W. G. Lambert, Babylonian Wis- Lenormant F. Lenormant, Choix de textes
dom Literature Choix cun6iformes in6dits ou incom-
Lambert W. G. Lambert, Marduk's Address pl6tement publi6s jusqu'd ce
Marduk's to the Demons (= AfO 17 310ff.) jour
Address to thee Lidzbarski M. Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nord-
Demons Handbuch semitischen Epigraphik
Lambert- W. G. Lambert and A. R. Millard, Lie Sar. A. G. Lie, The Inscriptions of
Millard Atra-hasis: The Babylonian Story Sargon II
Atra-hasis of the Flood LIH L. W. King, The Letters and In-
Landsberger B. Landsberger, Brief des Bischofs scriptions of Hammurabi
Brief von Esagila an K6nig Asarhaddon Limet H. Limet, L'anthroponymie su-
Landsberger B. Landsberger, The Date Palm Anthropo- m6rienne dans les documents
Date Palm and Its By-Products According to nymie de la 3e dynastie d'Ur
the Cuneiform Sources (- AfO Limet M6tal H. Limet, Le travail du m6tal au
Beiheft 17) pays de Sumer au temps de la
Landsberger B. Landsberger, Die Fauna des III e dynastie d'Ur
Fauna alten Mesopotamien ... Limet Sceaux H. Limet, Les 16gendes des sceaux
Landsberger- B. Landsberger and T. Jacobsen, Cassites cassites
Jacobsen Georgica (in MS.) LKA E. Ebeling, Literarische Keil-
Georgica schrifttexte aus Assur
Landsberger B. Landsberger, Der kultische LKU A. Falkenstein, Literarische Keil-
Kult. Kalender der Babylonier und schrifttexte aus Uruk
Kalender Assyrer (- LSS 6/1-2) LSw Flora I. Low, Die Flora der Juden
Lang. Language LSS Leipziger semitistische Studien
Langdon BL S. Langdon, Babylonian Liturgies LTBA Die lexikalischen Tafelserien der
Langdon S. Langdon, The Babylonian Epic Babylonier und Assyrer in den
Creation of Creation Berliner Museen
Langdon S. Langdon, Babylonian Menolo- Lu lexical series lu - Sa pub. Civil,
Menologies gies ... MSL 12 87-147
Langdon SBP S. Langdon, Sumerian and Babylo- Lugale epic Lugale u melambi nergal,
nian Psalms cited from MS. of A. Falkenstein
Langdon S. Langdon, Tammuz and Ishtar Lyon Sar. D. G. Lyon, Keilschrifttexte Sar-
Tammuz gon's ...
Lanu lexical series alam = lanu MAD Materials for the Assyrian Dic-
Lautner J. G. Lautner, Altbabylonische tionary
Personenmiete Personenmiete und Erntearbeiter- MAH tablets in the collection of the
vertrage (= Studiaetdocumentaad Mus6e d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva
iura orientis antiqui pertinentia 1) Malku synonym list malku = arru (Malku I
Layard A. H. Layard, Inscriptions in the pub. A. D. Kilmer, JAOS 83421ff.;
Cuneiform Character ... Malku II pub. W. von Soden, ZA
Layard A. H. Layard, Discoveries among 43 235ff.)
Discoveries the Ruins of Nineveh and Baby- MAOG Mitteilungen der Altorientalischen
lon Gesellschaft
LB tablet numbers in the de Liagre Maqlu G. Meier, Maqlu (- AfO Beiheft 2)
Bohl Collection Matous L. Matous, Inscriptions cuneifor-
LBAT Late Babylonian Astronomical and Kultepe mes du Kult6p6, Vol. 2 (= ICK 2)
Related Texts, copied by T. G. MCS Manchester Cuneiform Studies
Pinches and J. N. Strassmaier, MCT O. Neugebauer and A. Sachs,
prepared for publication by A. J. Mathematical Cuneiform Texts
Sachs, with the cooperation of J. MDOG Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-
Schaumberger Gesellschaft
Leander P. A. Leander, Ober die sumeri- MDP M6moires de la D legation en Perse
schen Lehnworter im Assyrischen Meissner BAP B. Meissner, Beitrage zum alt-
Le Gac Asn. Y. Le Gac, Les Inscriptions d'As- babylonischen Privatrecht
sur-nagir-aplu III Meissner BAW B. Meissner, Beitrge zum assyri-
Legrain TRU L. Legrain, Le temps des rois d'Ur schen Wrterbuch (= AS 1 and 4)
xiii
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Meissner BuA B.Meissner, Babylonien u. Assyrien N6tscher F. Notscher, Ellil in Sumer und
Meissner Supp. B. Meissner, Supplement zu den Ellil Akkad
assyrischen Worterbiichern NPN I. J. Gelb, P. M. Purves, and A. A.
Meissner-Rost B. Meissner and P. Rost, Die Bau- MacRae, Nuzi Personal Names
Senn. inschriften Sanheribs (= OIP 57)
M61. Dussaud MBlanges syriens offerts a M. Rene NT field numbers of tablets excavated
Dussaud at Nippur by the Oriental Insti-
Meloni Saggi Gerardo Meloni, Saggi di filologia tute and other institutions
semitica Oberhuber K. Oberhuber, Sumerische und
Met. Museum tablets in the collections of the Florenz akkadische Keilschriftdenkmaler
Metropolitan Museum of Art, des Archaologischen Museums
New York zu Florenz
MIO Mitteilungen des Instituts fiur Oberhuber K. Oberhuber, Innsbrucker Keil-
Orientforschung IKT schrifttexte
MJ Museum Journal OBGT Old Babylonian GrammaticalTexts,
MKT 0. Neugebauer, Mathematische pub. MSL 4 47-128
Keilschrifttexte OB Lu Old Babylonian version of Lu, pub.
MLC tablets in the collections of the MSL 12 151-219
J. Pierpont Morgan Library OECT Oxford Editions of Cuneiform
Moldenke A. B. Moldenke, Babylonian Con- Texts
tract Tablets in the Metropolitan OIC Oriental Institute Communications
Museum of Art OIP Oriental Institute Publications
Moore E. W. Moore, Neo-Babylonian OLZ Orientalistische Literaturzeitung
Michigan Documents in the University of Oppenheim L. F. Hartman and A. L. Oppen-
Coll. Michigan Collection Beer heim, On Beer and Brewing Tech-
Moran Temple W. L. Moran, Sumero-Akkadian niques in Ancient Mesopotamia
Lists Temple Lists (in MS.) ... (- JAOS Supp. 10)
MRS Mission de Ras Shamra Oppenheim A. L. Oppenheim, Glass and Glass-
MSL Materialien zum sumerischen Glass making in Ancient Mesopotamia
Lexikon Oppenheim L. Oppenheim, Untersuchungen
MSP J. J. M. de Morgan, Mission Mietrecht zum babylonischen Mietrecht
scientifique en Perse (= WZKM Beiheft 2)
Mullo Weir C. J. Mullo Weir, A Lexicon of Oppert-M6nant J. Oppert et J. Mdnant, Documents
Lexicon Accadian Prayers ... Doc. jur. juridiques de l'Assyrie
MVAG Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatisch- Or. Orientalia
Aegyptischen Gesellschaft OT Old Testament
N tablets in the collections of the Pallis Akitu S. A. Pallis, The Babylonian Akitu
University Museum of the Univer- Festival
sity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Parpola LAS S. Parpola, Letters of Assyrian
Nabnitu lexical series SIG1+ALAM - nabnitu Scholars (= AOAT 5)
NBC tablets in the Babylonian Collec- Parrot A. Parrot, Documents et Monu-
tion, Yale University Library Documents ments (- Mission archdologique
NBGT Neobabylonian Grammatical Texts, de Mari II, Le palais, tome 3)
pub. MSL 4 129-178 PBS Publications of the Babylonian
Nbk. J. N. Strassmaier, Inschriften von Section, University Museum, Uni-
Nabuchodonosor versity of Pennsylvania
Nbn. J. N. Strassmaier, Inschriften von PEF Quarterly Statement of the Pal-
Nabonidus estine Exploration Fund
ND field numbers of tablets excavated Peiser F. E. Peiser, Urkunden aus der
at Nimrud (Kalhu) Urkunden Zeit der 3. babylonischen Dynastie
Neugebauer O. Neugebauer, Astronomical Cu- Peiser F. E. Peiser, Babylonische Ver-
ACT neiform Texts Vertraige triage des Berliner Museums ...
Ni tablets excavated at Nippur, in the PEQ Palestine Exploration Quarterly
collections of the Archaeological Perry Sin E. G. Perry, Hymnen und Gebete
Museum of Istanbul an Sin
Nies UDT J. B. Nies, Ur Dynasty Tablets Petschow H. Petschow, Neubabylonisches
Nigga lexical series nigga = mackkru, Pfandrecht Pfandrecht (- ASAW Phil.-Hist.
pub. Civil, MSL 13 91-124 Kl. 48/1)
Nikolski M. V. Nikolski, Dokumenty kho- Photo. Ass. field photographs of tablets ex-
ziaistvennol otchetnosti ... cavated at Assur
xiv
oi.uchicago.edu
Photo. Konst. field photographs of tablets ex- Riftin A. P. Riftin, Staro-Vavilonskie
cavated at Assur iuridicheskie i administrativnye
Piepkorn Asb. A. C. Piepkorn, Historical Prism dokumenty v sobraniiakh SSSR
Inscriptions ofAshurbanipal (- AS RLA Reallexikon der Assyriologie
5) RLV Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte
Pinches T. G. Pinches, The Amherst Rm. tablets in the collections of the
Amherst Tablets ... British Museum
Pinches T. G. Pinches, The Babylonian ROM tablets in the collections of the
Berens Coll. Tablets of the Berens Collection Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto
Pinches Peek T. G. Pinches, Inscribed Babylonian Romer W. H. Ph. Romer, Sumerische
Tablets in the possession of Sir K6nigshymnen 'K6nigshymnen' der Isin-Zeit
Henry Peek Rost P. Rost, Die Keilschrifttexte Tig.
Postgate J. N. Postgate, Neo-Assyrian Royal Tigl. III lat-Pilesers III ...
Royal Grants Grants and Decrees (= Studia RS field numbers of tablets excavated
Pohl: Series Maior 1) at Ras Shamra
Practical lexical text, pub. B. Landsberger RSO Rivista degli studi orientali
Vocabulary and 0. Gurney, AfO 18 328ff. RT Recueil de travaux relatifs a la
Assur philologie et A l'archeologie 6gyp-
Pritchard J. B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near tiennes et assyriennes
ANET Eastern Texts Relating to the RTC F. Thureau-Dangin, Recueil de
Old Testament, 2nd ed. tablettes chald6ennes
Proto-Diri see Diri Sa lexical series Syllabary A, pub.
Proto-Ea see Ea; pub. MSL 2 35-94 MSL 3 3-45.
Proto-Izi lexical series, pub. Civil, MSL 13 S a Voc. lexical series Syllabary A Vocabu-
7-59 lary, pub. MSL 3 51-87
Proto-Kagal lexical series, pub. Civil, MSL 13 SAI B. Meissner, Seltene assyrische
63-88 Ideogramme
Proto-Lu lexical series, pub. MSL 12 25-84 SAKI F. Thureau-Dangin, Die sumeri-
PRSM Proceedings of the Royal Society schen und akkadischen Konigs-
of Medicine inschriften (= VAB 1)
PRT E. Klauber, Politisch-religiose Salonen A. Salonen, Agricultura mesopo-
Texte aus der Sargonidenzeit Agricultura tamica (= AASF 149)
PSBA Proceedings of the Society of Salonen A. Salonen, Die FuBbekleidung der
Biblical Archaeology Fu3- alten Mesopotamier (= AASF 157)
R H. C. Rawlinson, The Cuneiform bekleidung
Inscriptions of Western Asia E. Salonen E. Salonen, Die GruB- und Hof-
RA Revue d'assyriologie et d'archdolo- GruBformeln lichkeitsformeln in babylonisch-
gie orientale assyrischen Briefen
RAcc. F. Thureau-Dangin, Rituels ac- Salonen A. Salonen, Die Hausgerate der
cadiens Hausgerate alten Mesopotamier (= AASF 139
Ranke PN H. Ranke, Early Babylonian Per- and 144)
sonal Names Salonen A. Salonen, Hippologica Accadica
RB Revue biblique Hippologica (- AASF 100)
REC F. Thureau-Dangin, Recherches sur Salonen A. Salonen, Die Landfahrzeuge des
l'origine de 1'6criture cundiforme Landfahrzeuge alten Mesopotamien (= AASF 72)
Recip. Ea lexical series "Reciprocal Ea" Salonen A. Salonen, Die Mobel des alten
REg Revue d'6gyptologie Mobel Mesopotamien (- AASF 127)
Reiner Lipsur E. Reiner, Lipur-Litanies (JNES Salonen Tiiren A. Salonen, Die Tiiren des alten
Litanies 15 129ff.) Mesopotamien (= AASF 124)
Reisner G. A. Reisner, Tempelurkunden E. Salonen E. Salonen, Die Waffen der alten
Telloh aus Telloh Waffen Mesopotamier (= StOr 33)
Rencontre Compte rendu de la seconde Salonen A. Salonen, Die Wasserfahrzeuge
Assyriolo- (troisieme) Rencontre Assyriolo- Wasser- in Babylonien (= StOr 8)
gique gique Internationale fahrzeuge
RAeS Revue des etudes semitiques SAWW Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der
Reschid Archiv F. Reschid, Archiv des Nfirsama Wissenschaften, Wien
b
des Nirsamas und andere Darlehensurkunden S lexical series Syllabary B, pub.
aus der altbabylonischen Zeit MSL 3 96-128 and 132-153
RHA Revue hittite et asianique SBAW Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen
RHR Revue de l'histoire des religions Akademie der Wissenschaften
XV
oi.uchicago.edu

SBH G. A. Reisner, Sumerisch-babylo- von Soden W. von Soden, Das akkadische
nische Hymnen nach Thontafeln Syllabar Syllabar (- AnOr 27; 2nd ed. =
griechischer Zeit AnOr 42)
Scheil Sippar V. Scheil, Une saison de fouilles A Sollberger E. Sollberger, Corpus des inscrip-
Sippar Corpus tions "royales" presargoniques de
Scheil Tn. II V. Scheil, Annales de Tukulti Laga
Ninip II, roi d'Assyrie 889-884 Sollberger E. Sollberger, Business and Ad-
Schneider N. Schneider, Die G6tternamen Correspond- ministrative Correspondence
G6tternamen von Ur III (- AnOr 19) ence under the Kings of Ur (= TCS 1)
Schneider N. Schneider, Die Zeitbestimmun- Sommer F. Sommer, Die Ahbijava-Ur-
Zeitbestim- gen der Wirtschaftsurkunden von Ahliijava kunden
mungen Ur III ( AnOr 13) Sommer- F. Sommer and A. Falkenstein, Die
Schollmeyer A. Schollmeyer, Sumerisch-babylo- Falkenstein hethitisch-akkadische Bilingue
nische Hymnen und Gebete an Bil. des Hattugili I
gama§ SPAW Sitzungsberichte der PreuBischen
Sellin E. Sellin, Tell Ta'annek ... Akademie der Wissenschaften
Ta'annek Speleers L. Speleers, Recueil des inscrip-
SEM E. Chiera, Sumerian Epics and Recueil tions de l'Asie anterieure des
Myths Musees Royaux du Cinquante-
Sem. Semitica naire Bruxelles
Seux M.-J. Seux, Epithetes royales akka- SRT E. Chiera, Sumerian Religious Texts
Epithetes diennes et sum6riennes SSB F. X. Kugler, Sternkunde und
SHAW Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Sterndienst in Babel
Akademie der Wissenschaften SSB Erg. J. Schaumberger, Sternkunde und
Shileiko V. K. Shilelko, Dokumenty iz Sterndienst in Babel, Ergainzun-
Dokumenty Giul-tepe gen ...
Si field numbers of tablets excavated Stamm J. J. Stamm, Die akkadische
at Sippar Namengebung Namengebung (- MVAG 44)
Silben- lexical series Starr Nuzi R. F. S. Starr, Nuzi: Report on the
vokabular Excavations at Yorgan Tepa near
Sjoberg A. Sjoberg, Der Mondgott Nanna- Kirkuk, Iraq
Mondgott Suen in der sumerischen tTber- STC L. W. King, The Seven Tablets
lieferung, I. Teil: Text of Creation
Sjoberg A. W. Sjoberg and E. Bergmann, Stephens PNC F. J. Stephens, Personal Names
Temple The Collection of the Sumerian from Cuneiform Inscriptions of
Hymns Temple Hymns (= TCS 3) Cappadocia
RL A. Deimel, Sumerisches Lexikon StOr Studia Orientalia (Helsinki)
SLB Studia ad tabulas cuneiformes col- Strassmaier J. N. Strassmaier, Alphabetisches
lectas a F. M. Th. de Liagre Bohl AV Verzeichnis der assyrischen und
pertinentia akkadischen Worter ...
SLT E. Chiera, Sumerian Lexical Texts Strassmaier J. N. Strassmaier, Die babyloni-
Sm. tablets in the collections of the Liverpool schen Inschriften im Museum zu
British Museum Liverpool, Actes du 6e Congres
S. A. Smith S. A. Smith, Miscellaneous As- International des Orientalistes,
Misc. Assyr. syrian Texts of the British II, Section Semitique (1) (1885),
Texts Museum plates after p. 624
Smith College tablets in the collection of Smith Strassmaier J. N. Strassmaier, Texte altbabylo-
College Warka nischer Vertrige aus Warka, Ver-
Smith Idrimi S. Smith, The Statue of Idri-mi handlungen des Fiinften Interna-
Smith Senn. S. Smith, The First Campaign of tionalen Orientalisten-Congresses
Sennacherib ... (1881), Beilage
SMN tablets excavated at Nuzi, in the Streck Asb. M. Streck, Assurbanipal ... (- VAB
Semitic Museum, Harvard Uni- 7)
versity, Cambridge STT O. R. Gurney, J. J. Finkelstein, and
SOAW Sitzungsberichte der Osterreichi- P. Hulin, The Sultantepe Tablets
schen Akademie der Wissen- Studia (= Documenta et monumenta
schaften Mariana orientis antiqui 4)
von Soden W. von Soden, GrundriB der akka- Studia Studia orientalia Ioanni Pedersen
GAG dischen Grammatik (= AnOr Orientalia dicata
33) Pedersen
xvi
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Studien Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Thompson R. C. Thompson, A Dictionary of
Falkenstein Orient, Adam Falkenstein zum DAB Assyrian Botany
17. September 1966 Thompson R. C. Thompson, A Dictionary of
Studies H. Goedicke, ed., Near Eastern DAC Assyrian Chemistry and Geology
Albright Studies in Honor of William Thompson R. C. Thompson, The Prisms of
Foxwell Albright Esarh. Esarhaddon and of Ashurbani-
Studies Studies in Honor of Benno Lands- pal ...
Landsberger berger on his Seventy-fifth Thompson R. C. Thompson, The Epic of
Birthday (- AS 16) Gilg. Gilgamish
Studies Studies Presented to A. Leo Thompson R. C. Thompson, The Reports of
Oppenheim Oppenheim Rep. the Magicians and Astrologers ...
Studies Studies in Old Testament Prophecy Thureau- F. Thureau-Dangin, M. Dunand et
Robinson Presented to T. H. Robinson Dangin al., Til-Barsib
STVC E. Chiera, Sumerian Texts of Til-Barsib
Varied Contents TIM Texts in the Iraq Museum
Sultantepe field numbers of tablets excavated TLB Tabulae Cuneiformes a F. M. Th.
at Sultantepe de Liagre Bohl collectae
Sumeroloji Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih- TMB F. Thureau-Dangin, Textes math6-
Araqtirmalari Cografya Falkiiltesi Sumeroloji matiques babyloniens
ara.tirmalari, 1940-41 Tn.-Epic Tukulti-Ninurta Epic, pub. AAA
Surpu E. Reiner, Surpu (= AfO Beiheft 11) 20, pls. 101 ff., and Archaeologia 79
Symb. Symbolae P. Koschaker dedicatae pl. 49; transliteration in Ebeling,
Koschaker (- Studia et documenta ad iura MAOG 12/2, column numbers
orientis antiqui pertinentia 2) according to W. G. Lambert, AfO
SZ Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung 18 38 ff.
Szlechter E. Szlechter, Tablettes juridiques Torczyner H. Torczyner, Altbabylonische
Tablettes de la Ire Dynastie de Babylone Tempel- Tempelrechnungen ...
Szlechter E. Szlechter, Tablettes juridiques rechnungen
e
TJA et administratives de la III TSBA Transactions of the Society of
Dynastie d'Ur et de la Ire Dyna- Biblical Archaeology
stie de Babylone TuL E. Ebeling, Tod und Leben nach
T tablets in the collections of the den Vorstellungen der Babylonier
Staatliche Museen, Berlin TuM Texte und Materialien der Frau
Tablet Funck one of several tablets in private Professor Hilprecht Collection of
possession (mentioned as F. 1, 2, 3, Babylonian Antiquities im Eigen-
Delitzsch HWB xiii), cited from tum der Universitat Jena
unpublished copies of Delitzsch Turner S. M. Katre, ed., Sir Ralph Turner
Tallqvist APN K. Tallqvist, Assyrian Personal Jubilee Vol. Jubilee Volume
Names (- ASSF 43/1) UCP University of California Publica-
Tallqvist K. Tallqvist, Akkadische Gotter- tions
Gotter- epitheta (= StOr 7) UE Ur Excavations
epitheta UET Ur Excavations, Texts
Tallqvist K. Tallqvist, Die assyrische Be- UF Ugarit-Forschungen
Maqlu schworungsserie Maqlu (- ASSF Ugumu lexical series, pub. MSL 9 51-65
20/6) Ugumu Bil. lexical series, pub. MSL 9 67-73
Tallqvist NBN K. Tallqvist, Neubabylonisches UM tablets in the collections of the
Namenbuch ... (- ASSF 32/2) University Museum of the Uni-
TCL Textes cun6iformes du Louvre versity of Pennsylvania, Phila-
TCS Texts from Cuneiform Sources delphia
Tell Asmar tablets excavated at Tell Asmar, in UMB University Museum Bulletin
the collections of the Oriental Unger Babylon E. Unger, Babylon, die heilige
Institute, University of Chicago Stadt ...
Tell Halaf J. Friedrich et al., Die Inschriften Unger Bel- E. Unger, Die Stele des Bel-harran-
vom Tell Halaf (- AfO Beiheft 6) harran-beli- beli-ussur
Th. tablets in the collections of the ussur
British Museum Unger Relief- E. Unger, Reliefstele Adadniraris
Thompson AH R. C. Thompson, The Assyrian stele III. aus Saba'a und Semiramis
Herbal Ungnad NRV A. Ungnad, Neubabylonische
Thompson R. C. Thompson, On the Chemistry Glossar Rechts- und Verwaltungsurkun-
Chem. of the Ancient Assyrians den. Glossar
xvii
oi.uchicago.edu
Uruanna pharmaceutical series uruanna : WincklerAOF H. Winckler, Altorientalische For-
madtakal . schungen
UVB Vorlaufiger Bericht fiber die ... Winckler H. Winckler, Sammlung von Keil-
Ausgrabungen in Uruk-Warka Sammlung schrifttexten
(Berlin 1930ff.) Winckler Sar. H. Winckler, Die Keilschrifttexte
VAB Vorderasiatische Bibliothek Sargons ...
VAS Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmiler Wiseman D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets
VAT tablets in the collections of the Alalakh
Staatliche Museen, Berlin Wiseman D. J. Wiseman, Chronicles of the
VBoT A. Gotze, Verstreute Boghazkoi- Chron. Chaldean Kings ...
texte Wiseman D. J. Wiseman, The Vassal Treaties
VDI Vestnik Drevnei Istorii Treaties of Esarhaddon (- Iraq 20 Part 1)
Veenhof Old K. R. Veenhof, Aspects of Old WO Die Welt des Orients
Assyrian Assyrian Trade and Its Termi- Woolley Carchemish, Report on the Ex-
Trade nology Carchemish cavations at Djerabis on behalf
VIO Veroffentlichungen des Instituts of the British Museum .
fiir Orientforschung, Berlin WVDOG Wissenschaftliche Veroffentlichun-
Virolleaud C. Virolleaud, Comptabilit6 chal- gen der Deutschen Orient-Gesell-
ComptabilitA deenne (6poque de la dynastie dite schaft
seconde d'Our) WZJ Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der
Virolleaud C. Virolleaud, La lgende pheni- Friedrich - Schiller - Universitit
Danel cienne de Danel Jena
Virolleaud C. Virolleaud, Fragments de textes WZKM Wiener Zeitschrift fiir die Kunde
Fragments divinatoires assyriens du Muse des Morgenlandes
Britannique YBC tablets in the Babylonian Col-
VT Vetus Testamentum lection, Yale University Library
Walther A. Walther, Das altbabylonische Ylvisaker S. C. Ylvisaker, Zur babylonischen
Gerichtswesen Gerichtswesen (- LSS 6/4-6) Grammatik und assyrischen Grammatik (-
Ward Seals W. H. Ward, The Seal Cylinders of LSS 5/6)
Western Asia YOR Yale Oriental Series, Researches
Warka field numbers of tablets excavated YOS Yale Oriental Series, Babylonian
at Warka Texts
Watelin Kish Oxford University JointExpedition ZA Zeitschrift fiir Assyriologie
to Mesopotamia, Excavations at ZAW Zeitschrift fur die alttestamentliche
Kish: III (1925-1927) by L. C. Wissenschaft
Watelin ZDMG Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgen-
Waterman L. Waterman, Business Documents lindischen Gesellschaft
Bus. Doe. of the Hammurapi Period (also ZDPV Zeitschrift des Deutschen Pala-
pub. in AJSL 29 and 30) stina-Vereins
Weidner E. Weidner, Handbuch der babylo- ZE Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie
Handbuch nischen Astronomie Zimmern H. Zimmern, Akkadische Fremd-
Weidner Tn. E. Weidner, Die Inschriften Tukul- Fremdw. worter ... , 2nd ed.
ti-Ninurtas I. (- AfO Beiheft 12) Zimmern H. Zimmern, Istar und faltu, ein
Weissbach F. H. Weissbach, Babylonisches Istar und altakkadisches Lied (BSGW Phil.-
Misc. Miscellen (- WVDOG 4) Saltu hist. Kl. 68/1)
Weitemeyer M. Weitemeyer, Some Aspects of the Zimmern H. Zimmern, Zum babylonischen
Hiring of Workers in the Sippar Neujahrsfest Neujahrsfest (BSGW Phil.-hist.
Region at the Time of Hammurabi Kl. 58/3); zweiter Beitrag (ibid.
Wenger AV Festschrift fiir Leopold Wenger, 70/5)
2. Band, Miinchener Beitrage zur ZK Zeitschrift fur Keilschriftforschung
Papyrusforschung und Antiken ZS Zeitschrift fiir Semitistik
Rechtsgeschichte, 35. Heft
Wilcke C. Wilcke, Das Lugalbandaepos
Lugalbanda
X3Vlll
xviii
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Other Abbreviations
abbr. abbreviated, abbreviation hemer. hemerology
acc. accusative hist. historical (texts)
Achaem. Achaemenid Hitt. Hittite
adj. adjective Hurr. Hurrian
adm. administrative(texts) imp. imperative
Adn. Adad-nirari inc. incantation (texts)
adv. adverb incl. including
Akk. Akkadian indecl. indeclinable
Alu Summa alu inf. infinitive
apod. apodosis inscr. inscription
app. appendix interj. interjection
Aram. Aramaic interr. interrogative
Asb. Assurbanipal intrans. intransitive
Asn. Assur-nasir-apli II inv. inventory
Ass. Assyrian Izbu Summa izbu
astrol. astrological (texts) lament. lamentation
astron. astronomical (texts) LB Late Babylonian
Babyl. Babylonian leg. legal (texts)
bil. bilingual (texts) let. letter
Bogh. Boghazkeui lex. lexical (texts)
bus. business lit. literally, literary (texts)
Camb. Cambyses log. logogram, logographic
chem. chemical (texts) Ludlul Ludlul bcl nemeqi
chron. chronicle 1w. loan word
col" column MA Middle Assyrian
coll. collation, collated masc. masculine
comm. commentary (texts) math. mathematical (texts)
conj. conjunction MB Middle Babylonian
corr. corresponding med. medical (texts)
Cyr. Cyrus meteor. meteorology, meteorological
Dar. Darius (texts)
dat. dative MN month name
dem. demonstrative mng. meaning
denom. denominative n. note
det. determinative NA Neo-Assyrian
diagn. diagnostic (texts) NB Neo-Babylonian
DN divine name Nbk. Nebuchadnezzar II
doc. document Nbn. Nabonidus
dupl. duplicate Ner. Neriglissar
EA El-Amarna nom. nominative
econ. economic (texts) OA Old Assyrian
ed. edition OAkk. Old Akkadian
Elam. Elamite OB Old Babylonian
Esarh. Esarhaddon obv. obverse
esp. especially occ. occurrence, occurs
Etana Etana myth Old Pers. Old Persian
etym. etymology, etymological opp. opposite (of) (to)
ext. extispicy orig. original(ly)
fact. factitive p. page
fem. feminine Palmyr. Palmyrenian
fragm. fragment(ary) part. participle
gen. genitive, general pharm. pharmaceutical (texts)
geogr. geographical phon. phonetic
Gilg. Gilgame§ physiogn. physiognomatic (omens)
Gk. Greek pl. plural, plate
gloss. glossary pl. tantum plurale tantum
ON geographical name PN personal name
gramm. grammatical (texts) prep. preposition
group voc. group vocabulary pres. present
Heb. Hebrew Pre- Sar. Pre-Sargonic
xix
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Other Abbreviations
pret. preterit Sum. Sumerian
pron. pronoun, pronominal supp. supplement
prot. protasis syll. syllabically
pub. published syn. synonym(ous)
r. reverse Syr. Syriac
redupl. reduplicated, reduplication Tigl. Tiglathpileser
ref. reference Tn. Tukulti-Ninurta I
rel. religious (texts) trans. transitive
rit. ritual (texts) translat. translation
RN royal name translit. transliteration
RS Ras Shamra Ugar. Ugaritic
s. substantive uncert. uncertain
Sar. Sargon II unkn. unknown
SB Standard Babylonian unpub. unpublished
Sel. Seleucid v. verb
Sem. Semitic var. variant
Senn. Sennacherib wr. written
Shalm. Shalmaneser W Sem. West Semitic
sing. singular x number not transliterated
stat. const. status constructus x illegible sign in Akk.
str. strophe x illegible sign in Sum.
xx
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THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY

VOLUME 9
L
la negative part.; no, not, without; from there is no one among the gods who could tame
OAkk. on; wr. syll. (in MA, NA often la-a, you TCL 6 51 r. 21f., see RA 11 146:36; gii hus
il.la.na : is-si ez-za ka-ak la pi-di the terrible
in NB also la-', e.g., YOS 3 163:26, BRM 2
staff, the merciless weapon ibid. r. 35f.; ul.h 6 .
47:23, etc., note adi la-i YOS 3 45:8, 21, 81:26, en.na nig.si.si.ke.da.na : game nakluti a la
see adi conj. usage c-3') and NU (BA.RA umdadAalu ibid. 29f.; na.an.gi 4 .gi 4 (l6.pad :
Leichty Izbu IV 36ff.); cf. ula. la tar-id liqqabi may it be decreed that he not
return CT 16 46:176f.
[n]u-u NU = la-a Sb I 277; nu-u NA = la-a
BA.RA = la-a Izbu Comm. 138; NU = la-a STC 2
Ea IV 107, also A IV/2:156; na-am NAM = la-a
pl. 55 r. i 31 (En. el. Comm., to VII 98) and cf. RA
Idu II 62, also MSL 2 p. 144 i 34 (Proto-Ea);
= la-a ibid. pl. 52 r. 20 (to VII 128).
la-a LA = i-la, la-a A III/4:64f.
nu, na, nam, la, li, ra = i-ul lu la-a a) used before a finite verbal predicate:
NBGT I 415ff., cf. ibid. V i 2ff.; nu = la-a see lex. section and passim; reinforced by
NBGT I 422; na.nam, nam = la-a NBGT IV
-mi/e in EA: la-a-mi tillakuna ana mahrija
26f.; [z]a.na.ba.e.du = la te-en-ne-ez-zi-ih,
[z]a.na.mu.ni.d = la en-ne-ez-zi-ih NBGT Hrozny Ta'annek 6:13; la-a-mi ji4m[i] arru
VIII 5f. ana amiliti mili the king should not listen
ka.na 4 .kiSib.a.ni.se nu.me.a : Ad la pi to the sailors EA 126:62; la-a-mi tipattir
kunukkisu not according to the wording of his itu GN EA 138:11; la-a-mi jiqbd&arru beli
tablet Hh. II 61; ur 5 .ra nu.me.a : a la-a
EA 129:52; they said la-a-mi ussimi PN itu
hu-bu-li without interest Ai. II i 62; di.[b]i
nu.al.til : di-in-u la ga-mi-[ir] Ai. VII i 32, Misri PN will not come from Egypt EA
but di.[b]i nu.kud.da : di-in-Ju ul di-i-nu 169:27, and passim.
ibid. 34; la.ba.an.si.in.gin : la im-gu-ur
Ai. IV iv 30. b) used in nominal sentences: kima
gi8 .u.na.ginx(GIM) igi.du8 nu.tuk.a : Sa [Jaz]zuztaka Id tabimtunni (I heard) that
kima mui nitla la il (the demon) who, like the your representative has no judgment Hecker
night, cannot be seen CT 16 28:42f.; siskur Giessen 36:5 (OA); kima PN la mar Sippar
nu.un.zu.a : Aa ni-qa-a la i-du-i who does not
know about sacrifice
wilidl bitimma d (he said) that PN is
ibid. 27:26f.; ha.sur.
nu.zu.kur.ra.kex(KID) : ana MIN KUR la -ma- not a citizen of Sippar but a slave born in
di to Hasur, the mountain that cannot be known the house VAS 13 32:8; the field which
(translat. of Akk.) CT 15 43: If., see Wilcke PN claimed from me la A.~A-Su-ma lu Sus
Lugalbanda p. 145; su u1.ux (GIAGAL).lu dumu. kis abija is not his field but the sustenance
dingir.ra.na ba.ra.an.te.ga.da ba.ra.an.
gi 4 .gi 4 .de : ana zumri ameli mar iliSu a tetehhi field of my father YOS 8 63:21; the house
la tasanniq do not approach too close to the man belongs to PN, it is his own la acPN2 it is
(under the protection) of his (personal) god not PN2 's YOS 8 66 case 28, cf. la a-wa-ta-Su
CT 16 15 v 23f.; nam.a.a.ta nam.an.na ibid. tablet 16 (all OB); the three men are
u6.nu.til.la.se : .a ... ul-la-an-nu-u-d mam
from GN la KUR ia-ma-ta-a-a sunu they
man la i-ba-.u-u (Itar) without whom nobody
exists CT 17 22 iii 155ff.; e en.bi nu.nam are not natives of Hamat ABL 331 r. 5; la
munus nita nu.tuku : bitu Aa la-a beli sinniAtu alaridumma a libbigunu andku I am not
§a la-a muti a house without a master is a woman
without a husband Lambert BWL 229 iv 20f.;
dingir.zu nig.nu.zu : ilka la-a ku-u (Akk.:)
la-a ,a ilkarima 94
the leader, I am one of them ABL 455:17;
this (omen) is not from
a series ABL 519 r. 1 and 8 (all NA); Aa4 la
your god is not with you (lit. is not yours) ibid.
227 ii 26; dingir.re.e.ne.ginx lu.6li.ki.l6.zu simat ekurri the pig is not fit for a temple
nu.gAl.la.ar: kima ina ill saniqa la ted because Lambert BWL 215 r. iii 15.
oi.uchicago.edu
la la
c) used before a noun - 1' before a was not his own JCS 5 80 MAH 15970:52 (OB
substantive: atta ana la ahini tatuar (see leg.); ina la diniSu idabbubma la ileqqi even
abu A mng. 2a-2'a') TCL 19 1:34 (OA); la ahi if he claims (it) in court in a baseless lawsuit,
aga this unbrotherly brother of mine ABL he does not take (it back) TCL 9 57:19 (NA);
301:4; ana la LI.DIN.TIRki.MES to the non- ina la-a wasbitija in my absence VAS 16
Babylonians ABL 403:2; ah4 la mar bel parsi 116:7, cf. ina la wasbit PN TCL 7 15:9 (both
an outsider, one who does not belong to those OB); ina la muddante in ignorance ABL 108
admitted to the cult RAcc. 16:30; EN PA.AN r. 8, ina la 4Sasaste due to forgetfulness
innassahla EN PA.AN isSakkan the officeholder ABL 43 r. 17 (both NA); ina la belutisu without
will be removed, someone who has no (right having power AfO 10 2:10 (MB); ina la ri
to) office will be installed Boissier DA 226:20 qutim ul illikamma because of lack of free
(SB ext.); la-a DUMU LU EN.URU ... andku I time, he did not come here TCL 7 51:11, also
am not one of the bel ali-officials ABL 317:4; PBS 7 40:9 (OB); ammeni ina la pasiri ina
KUR Hilakki la mi-sir abbesu addinSuma kZsu amdti why should I die of the in-
I gave him the country GN, not (previously clemency (of the weather) and of cold?
part of) the territory of his forefathers ABL 1261:8 (NB); people imprisoned ina la
Winckler Sar. pl. 31 No. 65:30; ina la erses annisunu without being guilty Winckler
tid[u] in a country which is not his own Sar. pl. 35 No. 74:135, cf. ina la-a hittisu KUB
RA 38 80f. r. 12 (OB ext.), cf. ina la-a eqlisu 3 16 r. 12 (let.); ina la massarti due to lack of
KAV 2 iv 29 (Ass. Code B § 10), ina la-a qaq: attention VAS 16 179:11 (OB); ina la re'itu
qirisu ibid. v 26 (§ 14), ina NU KI-si imaqqut without shepherdship VAS 1 37 iii 17 (kudur-
he will die in a foreign country TCL 6 4 r. 4, ru); ina la unnate zikir Saptikun upon your
cf. ina NU namesu KAR 430 r. 5 (both SB ext.); (the gods') unchanging pronouncement Bor-
the small child a ina la ime~ u tar[du] who ger Esarh. 82 r. 17; ina la bisit uzni la hasds
has been taken away before his time CT 15 amdte due to lack of understanding and of
45:36, cf. ina la iimeu imdt CT 38 28:29, also expert knowledge OIP 2 108 vi 85 and 122:17
CT 39 42 K.2238+ ii 4 (SB Alu), ina me la (Senn.); [ina m]ase S ri sitakkuri u la si-bit
SimtiSu OIP 2 41 v 13 (Senn.), ina UD NU NAM- te-e-[me] ABL 924:6, see Weidner Tn. 48 No. 42;
8[U B]E Iraq 29 129:10 (SB prophecies); the my family treated me ana la UZU.MES-4 as
temple became dilapidated ina la adannisu no kin of theirs Lambert BWL 34:92 (Ludlul
VAB 4 254 i 22 (Nbn.); ana d1 10 lme . TCL 4 I); difficult: abuka sa a-na la sarranigabbi
3:20 (OA); la be-la-Sa rakib someone who hat-tu-u ABL 958 r. 12, cf. PN a-na la RN
is not its (the boat's) owner rides in it belija ra-mu-u-ma u PN2 la-a ra-mu-ka ABL
Gilg. X iv 16; libb' a la EN itepSundsu they 454:9 (both NB); 1 KI.MIN (= AL) URUDU 50
have treated us as if (we had) no master SILA la SU US one copper AL-container
YOS 3 200:28 (NB), cf. kima la be-le-si-na (holding) fifty silas, without a base ADD
VAS 16 188:8 (OB let.), la EN.MEA§-s ABL 587 964:2; musannitu la eperi a dike without
r. 5; ina dababim a la i-di-im libbum la rubble TuM 2-3 7:15 (NB); eqlu zakite la
utamras nobody's feelings should be hurt sibe la nusahi (for translat. see zakitu
by talk without foundation Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 mng. 3c-2') ADD 621 r. 10, also la SE nusahi
iv 35 (OB), cf. minum la i-du-um L ibid. 58 ADD 629:10; you, tamarisk GIS.MES la-a
iii 38, see also idu B; NU DINGIR-si eli ameli hiSehte a useless tree Lambert BWL 162:22;
imaqqut an alien god will attack the man la me-na tenedeti innumerable human beings
Boissier DA 18 iii 17, cf., wr. la DINGIR-~ ibid. 172:18, and see minu s.; note ina la
ibid. 17 iii 11 (SB ext.); if a man has given as me-ni Borger Esarh. 114 No. 80 i 4, ana la mi-ni
a wife la-a DUMU.SAL-8U (someone who is) ABL 588 r. 7 (NB), also la ni-i-bi TCL 3 295
not his daughter KAV 1 v 26 (Ass. Code § 39); (Sar.); 1dbin libitti la ma-ni-tim maker of
the seal cylinder of PN was lost ina la kunuks countless bricks JEOL 20 54 i 14 (NB Cruc.
kiue ikn[ukc] he sealed (it) with a seal that Mon. Manistuiu); kadre la nar-ba-a-ti unsur-
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la la
passable gifts Winckler Sar. pl. 25 No. 53:5; 14 226:37f. (OA Irisum); iklet la na-wa-ri-im
mihis la nab-la-ti amhassuma I gave him a darkness without dawn CH xlii 69 (epilogue);
wound from which he could not recover KI NU G14 (see ersetu mng. 2a) CT 15 46:63, and
Borger Esarh. 99 r. 41; ina la me due to passim; summa um la KAx MI-si AN.MI GAR
lack of water CH § 48:7, also ina la mdmi if there was an eclipse (of the sun) on a day
OIP 2 79:6 (Senn.); ina la kurummatim due on which it was not (expected) to become
to lack of food allotments CT 2 11:14, also dark ACh Supp. Samas 31:16; tetersanni
VAS 16 186 r. 2 (both OB letters); people died eristu la e-re-Si (var. sa la e-re-Se) CT 15 47 r.
ina la makale for want of food JTVI 26 22, var. from KAR 1 r. 17 (Descent of Istar);
163:20 (NB leg.), also Lambert BWL 44:91 la Sul-pu-ta uSalpit I touched sacrilegiously
(Ludlul II); ina la SE.NUMUN due to lack of what should not be touched KAR 45:14;
seed PBS 7 66:19 (OB), and passim; alpi ... arrat la nap-sur ... lirurusu VAS 1 70 ii 9,
ina la gamma mitu' the cattle died for lack and passim; la na-par-Su-di without fail TCL
of pasture TCL 9 120:13 (NB let.); ina la 3 315 (Sar.), and passim; uddakku la na-par-
LT.SID without the permission of the chief ka-a daily without interruption VAB 4 86
administrator YOS 3 17:27, dupl. TCL 9 129:28, i 22 (Nbk.), and passim; for la dri, lamdri,
cf. ina la LU man-di-di YOS 3 113:22 (all NB); see dru v. mng. la; ina la la-ma-di-su
see also baldtu mng. 2a-3'. unknowingly YOS 10 31 xii 33 (OB ext.), cf.
ina NU ZU 4R 55 No. 2:4; ina la sa-bat temi
2' before an adj. (usually qualifying a
foolhardily Winckler AOF 2 p. 20:7; ina la
substantive): ana temia d1damqim BIN 4
a-sd-bi sa PN in the absence of PN VAS 3
126:8 and 14 (OA inc.); pilm la ki-nu-um YOS
20:3, and passim in NB leg.; ina la a-li-ia
10 17:44, and passim in ext.; ahu la ke-e-nu
without asking me VAS 16 124:19 (OB let.);
Streck Asb. 180:31; milkam la da[mq]am
a snake died ina la ma-ha-si without being
ima[lli]ku YOS 10 13:15 (OB ext.); urhi la
hit KAR 389b (p. 353) r. 8 (SB Alu); the
petiti unblazed trails OIP 2 37 iv 15 (Senn.),
corpses of his soldiers ina la qe-be-ri re-
and passim; x talents of hurdsu saq-ru, y
maining unburied Borger Esarh. 58 v 6; ana
talents of la-a saq-ru ABL 114:19; dibbi la
la-a ma-Sa-e Satir written down so as not to
salmuti ABL 240:13, ittu la baniti an un-
be forgotten KAJ 254:21, and passim in MA;
toward sign ABL 1216 r. 3 (NB); narkabta la
ana la Su-par-ke-e not to have (it) cease
samutta (see sandu) EA 16:11 (let. of Assur-
AKA 72 v 41 (Tigl. I); pay PN duly kima la
uballit I); ude kaspi la mithariti assorted silver
na-za-qi-im so that there should be no com-
objects TCL 3 381 (Sar.); atme la mithurti
plaining TCL 17 47:12 (OB let.); a-di la ba-
uncouth speech Lyon Sar. 11:72; siqu qatnu
la dsi narrow blind alley ibid. 43:9, and passim
si-i into non-existence OIP 2 28 ii 22 (Senn.),
cf. EN ul-li la ba-se-e Unger Bel-harran-beli-
in NB, cf. biriti la asiti TCL 12 10:10, etc.; uqna
ussur 30; note inf. in absolute state: kak la
la band imperfect lapis lazuli KBo 1 10 r. 72;
ma-har irresistible weapon OIP 2 152 No.
upSse la tdbuti malicious witchcraft Maqlu
17:6 (Senn.), cf. la ma-har tebiSu En. el. II 74;
V 122; ina fmi[su] la malitim before his time
la pa-tan without having eaten AMT 63,1:2,
was up Driver and Miles Babylonian Laws 2 36 § E
23,2:13; cf. also la sandn, la gamdl, etc., see
14 and 19 (CH); see also anitu, dasu, bdbil pani,
sandnu, gamdlu mng. 2a, etc.; with a: ina
badlu, gamru, hanu, kandu, kdsir ikki, kadu,
kunuk arritiu Sa la su-un-ni-e with his
kinu, le'd, magiru, magru, mahru, manil,
royal seal which is not to be imitated ADD
mudd4, mupparkil, murabbitu, muSallimu, na-
650 r. 7, cf. kunuk Sarri ... a la tam-Sil u la
$4, ndtilu, nati, pdd, pdli u, petd, qatu,
pa-qa-ri VAS 1 37 v 49, and passim; ina amas
qipu, ra'd, sdkipu, sanqu, sarpu, 9almu,
tika sirti Sa la na-ka-ru-um VAB 4 150 No.
Jalu, dimi, tabu.
18:20 (Nbk.); mimma Sa la a-ka-li whatever
3' before an inf.: apprii 16d ha-ba-ri-[im was not for eating KAV 1 vi 37 (Ass. Code
qaqqu]rf I1 kabasim palgii 1d etdqim Belleten § 43); ,erissu Sa la pa-ta-ru (dropsy) his
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la la
punishment that cannot be removed TCL 12 e) before a personal pronoun: summa
13:12 (NB leg.). 16 kudti abam la nisu we have no father
apart from you TCL 14 21:27 (OA); .umman
4' before a part.: la ra-'-i-mi-ia those la ka-a-ti if it had not been for you TCL 18
who do not love me VAB 4 182 ii 57 (Nbk.), 136:13 (OB), cf. ezub la ca-ta hadem TCL 17
cf. niSe amm4te la ra-i-mu-te-ku-nu those 36 r. 19', ezib la ia-a-ti ibid. 23:17.
people have no love for you ABL 561 r. 3 (NA);
f) idiomatic uses - 1' between identical
[ina] piSu elli la mug-pe-li through his
words: ekamam ld ekamam (see ekemu usage
sacred (and) unchangeable pronouncement
a) KTS 25a:15 (OA); dibbi la dibbi iddubuu
ABL 923:2 (NA); sukkukti la Se-mi-ia the
they have been saying unspeakable things
stupid ones who do not obey me JAOS 88
126 ii a 2; andku Sarru
la mu-sal-li-mu
ABL 131 r. 8 (NA), cf. a-mat la a-mat ana arri
belija iqt[abi] he told everything to the king,
matidu I am a king unable to preserve his
my lord ABL 968 r. 13 (NB); ki inadibbi annitu
country AnSt 5 102:91 (Cuthean Legend), also
mim-mu la mim-mu ana sarri belija aspuru
re'4 la mu-sal-li-mu ummaniSu ibid. 92;
ana muhhi lumit if I have not written to the
nerdri la mu-se-zi-[bi]-su an ally who could
king, my lord, a complete report on these
not save him Winckler Sar. pl. 34 No. 72:113,
matters, let me die on account of it ABL 326
cf. nerdri la etir napigtisu TCL 3 81 (Sar.).
r. 12 (NB); t(mam anniam la anniam mihir
5' before a possessive adj.: if a man tuppija PN liblam let PN bring me as an
answer to (this) my tablet a full (lit. this or
seizes elippam la Sa-at-tam a boat that is
not this) report CT 2 10a:20, cf. annitam la
not his own Goetze LE A i 27 (§ 6), of. ersetam
annitam mihir tuppim Subilam ARM 10 93:23,
la Sa-tam u mtam la sa-tam YOS 10 56 iii 19
and passim in OA, OB, also annitka la annitka
(OB Izbu); mimma la ka-a-am teleqqe you
OECT 3 67:19, etc., see annd usage b-2', c-2';
will take something which is not yours YOS
ana Si-i la §i-i temka lu sabitk[um] ARM 5
10 33 r. iv 16, cf. ibid. 19 (OB ext.); if a man
59 r. 20; piqam la piqam iparrud Labat TDP
shaves off abbutti wardim la se-e-em the hair
100:3, and passim in med.; summa Ad-al-me
of a slave who is not his own CH § 226:39 and
la gd-al-me ABL 118 r. 14 (NA); LV maskanu
§ 227:46; awatam la Sa-a-ti (he spoke)
la LV mackanu k abbakamma ina bit mass
unseemly words ARM 3 36:26, cf. ab .la si-
sarti a arri ... akelli (I give guarantee for
na-tim iSparam ARM 10 46:10, cf. also TLB 4
all the pledges for whom I am responsible)
20:7, TIM 2 158 r. 11'; mimma la-a Su-a qssu
when I bring in and detain every single
ikaSad he will obtain something that does
pledge in the guardhouse of the king ABL
not belong to him KAR 382 r. 14, also, wr.
850+:6ff., see Dietrich, WO 4 204; note in a
mimma NUId-am CT 39 3:3, see Labat Calen-
drier § 42, cf. KUR la Su-a-tu
qdssu ikaSad
different mng.: sila.[sag.gi 4 .ga] hi-la-
sa-an-ki-ga-a (pronunciation) = zu-u-ku la
KAR 453 r. 7, wr. KUR NU HAR-tu CT 30
zu-ku dead-end street (lit. street no-street)
50:14, and passim in omen texts; note: summa
Kagal H i 12, also ibid. 8 (Bogh.).
kalbu la su-4 urdmu if someone else's dog
shows affection for him CT 39 2:111; tibu 2' other occs.: for la libbi (with following
la-a Au-u an attack which is not his affair(?) ilu, garru, belu, etc.): see libbu mng. 3b-4';
KAR 152:26 and 27 (SB ext.); note in NB: for la matar, see matar in la matar (watar);
u-il-tim.ME la at-tu-u-a isd-i-ni the promis- for la tajdr, see tajcr in la tajdr.
sory notes do not belong to me TCL 13 181:14. g) after a prep., a conj., or an adv. -
1' adi/adu la : see adi A prep. mng. 2h.
d) before an adv.: mamman Ja 4umi la
damqid iqabb4 la tedemme do not listen to 2' adifadu la: see adi conj. usage b-l'.
anyone who speaks unfavorably of me 3' eziblezub la: see ezib usage b-l' and
ARM 10 49 r. 6'. b-2'.
oi.uchicago.edu
la la iit
4' with other preps., conjs., and advs.: stands for adi la ... (adi) la. For la libbi in ABL
see adini, alla, a--la, ladsu, illa, Summa, 954:15 (NB), see libbu in la libbi.
aSSum. Oppenheim, JNES 1 369ff.
h) as first element in compounds: for la la adaru see addru B in la addru.

adaru, etc., see adaru in la adaru, etc., see la adiru see adiru B in la adiru.
also amatu A mng. 6b, aSbutu, baldtu s. mng.
2a-2', ilu in bel la ii, kittu, kuSiru, magdru, la alidu see dlidu in la lidu.
mihru, milku, mitgurtu, natitu, qabitu, saniq la alittu see dlittu in la littu.
tu, simdnu, simatu, surrdtu, Salimtu, Simtu,
Sindti, tdbtu, tamilu, tZtb libbi, etc. la amilu see amilu in la amilu.
i) in proper names: La-e-du-ur-dA-Sur la amirtu see amirtu B in la amirtu.

KAJ 224:5; La-pa-li-hi-ili ADD 826 r. 2;
la anihu see dnihu in la dnihu.
La-bi-iS-tum VAS 7 133:21, and passim in OB
as masc. name, as fem. name: La-pi-Sa-a-tum la a§gi§u see aSSisu in la aSsiSu.
cited Clay PN p. 102b, for La-qipu see qipu;
la b~bil hititi see babilu in la bdbil hititi.
for the names of the type summa(n)-la-DN
see Stamm Namengebung p. 136; for the la babil pan! see bdbilu in la babil pani.
divine name Lagamal see gamdl in la gamdl.
la babil Aipri see bdbilu in la babil Sipri.
Ad usage f-1': Dietrich, WO 4 204 n. 33.
la prep.; from, out of; NB, NA; WSem. la banitu see banitu in la banitu.
word; cf. lapani. la banf see band in la band.
a) with qdte: for el TA qdte sarri see el
la batala see batlu in la batlu.
v. mng. 3c, TA replaced by la ABL 327 r. 15,
542 r. 23, 958 r. 19, 1112 r. 6, also, for iulk ina la batlu see ballu in la batlu.
qdte sarri, eli v. mng. 1 f, ina replaced by la
ABL 942 r. 7, 1341:14 and CT 22 202:20;
la bl illi see ilu in la bel ii, bel la iii.
jdna
la su I I arrinilli if not we will leave the side la bel kussi see kussd in la b l kussi.
of the king ABL 1112 r. 5, cf. la [MuI] sarri
belija la elli ABL 499 r. 9, la Su I I Sarri [...] la damiqti see damiqtu in la damiqti.
ABL 702 r. 6 (all NB); andku la (var. ina) la ellu see ellu A in la ellu.
su I I RN ... ultezibi if I am to escape
Assurbanipal Bauer Asb. p. 20 No. 12:1, var. la emiiqi see emiqu in la emiqd.
from Streck Asb. 144 ix 39; la u I I nakri nikki: la epiu see epizu in la episu.
mu ABL 571:19.
la eertu see isaru in la isaru.
b) other occs.: bel pdhati la KUR GN ittalka
the governor has moved out of GN ABL la eru see isaru in la isaru.
421:13 (NA); Saknu la GN ~tsi remove the
governor from GN ABL 524:12 (NB); mimma la gamal see gamalu in la gamil.
Sa pan Sarri la mahru la lib-bi uSelli I will la gamilu see gdmilu in la gamilu.
remove from it (the library) whatever
displeases the king ABL 334 r. 10 (NB), cf. Hun- la hassu see hassu in la hassu.
ger Kolophone No. 168:3; difficult: arru libba la i9~in see id.n in la iSAnd.
tabi la SE§.ME-e-a iltatakkann4li the king
has always made us happy among my la itaru see idarn in la idaru.
brothers ABL 1204:13 (NB). la ieru see iMaru in la ibaru.
In ABL 94:12 (NA) adu ina GN la allakuni la
dipirtu .arri be-li lamur (coll. K. Deller) probably la ilg see i2 in la iiZ.
oi.uchicago.edu
la kinati la'atu
la kinati see kindtu in sa (la) kinati. body and I am wrapped (in it) as in a garment
BMS 12:53, see von Soden, Iraq 31 87.
la kitfi see kieid in la ki~i.
2. lu'ubu to infect with li'bu: fPN asSum
la salalu see salalu in la salalu. PN, u-la-hi-bu-Si-i-ma because PN2 has infect-
la salilu see salilu in la salilu. ed fPN with li'bu-disease UET 5 246:5 (OB
leg.); [x] r[i-la-ah-ha-ban-ni[...] (in broken
la zizu see zizu in la zizu. context) KAR 350:7; §u-x-x AH-hu -la-'i-bu
h[a-se-e-a] mes-re-ti-ia u-la-'i-bu (var. u-la-i-
la'abu (*le'ebu) v.; 1. to infect, said of bu) unisSu pitri .... they affected my chest
li'bu-disease, to afflict, 2. lu'ubu to infect with li'bu-disease, they caused li'bu-disease
with li'bu, 3. IV to be afflicted, infected; in my limbs and made my .... quake Lambert
OB, MB, Nuzi, SB; I il'ib - ila'ib (ile'ib), BWL 42:66f. (Ludlul II); attanaktamu ina
II, IV; cf. la'ibu, la'bu adj. and s., li'bu A. kispi rube ruse up[sse] lu-'u-ba-ku lu-up-
[D]UB, [sa].DUB = la-'a-[bu] Nabnitu C 146f., pu-ta-ku I am completely covered with
[x].RI, [x].TE, [X].DUB = la-'a-[bu] ibid. 149-151; sorcery and bewitchment, I am afflicted,
[sa].DUB.DUB = lu-'u-bu ibid. 148; [x.s]ig.ga =
lu-'u-[bu] ibid. 152.
I am disturbed Schollmeyer No. 21:28, cf. lu-
nam.tar dih.ME.ginx(GIM) lu.ra ba.dih : ub-ba-ku u lu-up-pu-ta-ku-ma BMS 12:56, see
sd ki-ma li-i-bu Lt i-le-'-i-bu the namtar-demon, Ebeling Handerhebung 78; for mu-la-ib-tu KAR
who afflicts the man like the li'bu-disease CT 17 226 ii 8 as var. to mula'itu Maqlu III 48,
29:9f.; 16 dDiM.ME.KIL sa ba.an.dih : sd ah-ha-
see luid v.
zu il-i-bu-si (var. i-l[e-']-i-bu-[4d]) whom the
ahhazu has afflicted 5R 50 i 57f., see Borger, JCS 3. IV to be afflicted, infected: saharubbd
21 p. 4; [s]u.na im.mi.in.dih.es : [zu]-mur-gs serti DINGIR kabitta zumursu lil-la-ib-ma may
il-i-bu-ma they have infected his body with li'bu
Surpu VII 25f.; ui.um.ta.dih im.isr.lius.zi. his body be afflicted with leprosy, the severe
ga.ginx [a].ga.bi.se nu.silig.ga : i-la-'i-im- divine punishment MDP 6 pl. 10 vi 15 (MB
ma ki-ma cd-a-ri ez-zu dam-ru te-bi a-na dr-ki-Si kudurru); lamassasu MIS-ma i-la-'i-ib his la
ul i-ta-[ar] he afflicts the person and, like a raging massu will change and he will be infected
rising storm, does not turn back AAA 22 78:43f.
CT 39 2:95 (SB Alu).
lu-'u-bu(!) (=> mur-su CT 41 31 r. 33 (Alu
Comm.). F. R. Kraus, WO 2 133 n. 3.
1. to infect, said of li'bu-disease, to afflict la'tmu see lahmu and lemu.

- a) to infect, said of li'bu-disease: li-i'- la'agu v.; (mng. uncert.); lex.*; I, II;
bu Lu i-la-ib - li'bu-disease will infect the cf. la'su adj., lu'dStu.
man Kraus Texte 5 r. 13 and 6 r. 66; lamatu u
[x]-x-as L x IM = la-'a-a-sc A VII/2: 35;
li-i'-bu KUR u LUGAL i-le-'i-bu-u ACh Sin tu-la-'a-dS5R 45 K.253 ii 28 (gramm.).
33:34; li-i'-buina KUR i-la-'i-ib-li'bu-disease For YOS 10 11 iii 1 see luhuAu; for KAR 423 i 15
will be epidemic in the country ibid. 52; li-bu see lu'zi adj; ki-ma e-ri-4u ma-la ma NAG [xl [... ]
ummani i-le(text -tu)-'i-ib - li'bu-disease STT 89:160 is obscure.
will infect my troops CT 20 28 K.219+:3 (SB la'atu v.; to swallow; MB, SB; I il'ut -
ext.); ana usalli la illak la'bu i-la-'i-ib-Bs ila'ut, II; cf. mal'atu.
he must not go into low land (or else) la'bu
will infect him
a) la'dtu: aSnan summa daddaris a-la-'-ut
KAR 177 r. ii 34, and dupl.,
(var. a-la-ut) I swallow the food (lit. cereal)
see Hulin, Iraq 21 52:47 (SB hemer.); see also
as if it were stinkweed Lambert BWL 44:88
CT 17 29:9f., in lex. section.
(Ludlul II), cf. [sum]rus elija la-'-at kurunni
b) to afflict: Sa kiipi subbutuinni updS 79-7-8,168 r. 6 (courtesy W. G. Lambert); lu-ul-
le-'-bu-in-ni I whom witchcraft holds fast, '-ut-ka-ma I will devour you (fox) (between
whom sorceries keep afflicted Maqlu VI 116; liikulkama and lussubkama) Lambert BWL
duklulti pagrija la-a'-bu-ma litbudku kima 200 iv 6 (fable); iptima pica Ti'dmat ana
su-bat they have afflicted my well-shaped la-'a-a-ti-Ad(var. -. i) Tiamat opened her
oi.uchicago.edu
lababu A labaku
mouth to swallow it (the wind) En. el. IV b) §ulbubu: isdtu tu-Sal-bi-bu-Su tutib
97; dumma izbu izba a-li-it if a newborn Siriu (the one that) fever has ravaged, his
animal is swallowing another newborn flesh you soothed KAR 321 r. 6.
animal (see aldtu) Leichty Izbu VI 40, with
c) nalbubu: labbiS annadirma al-la-bi-ib
comm. a-lit = la-'-it "swallowing," a-lit
abbis I became rampant like a lion, raging
= e-ru-ub "has entered" Izbu Comm. 249-51,
like a storm OIP 2 51 i 25 (Senn.); see also
cf. a-l[it] = dc-i la-'-a-ti Izbu Comm. V 250;
RA 12 74:15f., in lex. section.
ul il-'-ut niSik pigu he did not swallow
the bite he had taken AfO 18 46:10 (Tn.- lababu B v.; (mng. uncert.); OB, SB;
Epic); umma amElu ina siqi ina aldkiSu I (stative only), IV; cf. labbu A adj.
surdru surdar la-it-ma imursunii<ti>ma if a) GUD.HI.A ulldtum Sa ikkalu la-ab-bu-ma
a man, when walking in the street, sees ul ibbalakkatu the oxen that graze on the
one lizard swallowing another lizard KAR other side are too decrepit(?) to go overland
382:19 (SB Alu); uncert.: i-la-'-[ut] (in OECT 3 78 r. 11 (OB let.).
broken context) AMT 87,8:2.
b) lu'utu: ina piu u-la-'-at-ma ana b) Saptaja sa il-lab-ba ilqd lap-l[ap-ta-
nahirisu inniqma iballut he takes it by (sin?)] he took off the .... from my lips that
had become parched Lambert BWL 52:22
mouth, snuffs it into his nostrils and gets well
(Ludlul III).
AMT 64,1:13+ 37,1:6, dupl. AMT 26,4:10.
Meaning inferred from that of labbu A
The verb la'dtu is a variant of aldtu, q.v. adj., q.v.
lababu A v.; to rage; SB; I ilbub - Landsberger Date Palm n. 41.
ilabbab, III, IV; cf. labbibu, labbu B adj., labaku v.; 1. to soften, to steep, to
libbdtu, nalbabu, nalbubu, salbdbu, albubu. macerate (intrans.), 2. lubbuku to steep,
zi-i zi = la-ba-bu, na-al-bu-bu, al-bu-bu A
macerate (in a liquid), to soften, to moisten
III/1: 151ff.; BULbU.GUx GU (var. pi.GUx GU) = la-
ma-um (var. la-ba-bu) Erimhus V 94; du-du BnOR. (with oil), 3. sulbuku (same mng.); OAkk.,
BTR = dub-bu-bu, x-mu-', (na>-al-bu-bu Diri II OB, MA, SB; I ilabbik, II, 11/3, III, III/2;
54ff. cf. labku adj., lubbuku adj., lubkanu, lubku.
a.kar mir da.da.ra.[del da.da.zu HAR.KU di-ig NI = la-ba-ku A II/1 ii 4', cf. di-ig NI =
(var. X.LU) h6.en.gub.gub.bu : apluhta ezzeta na-har(!)-mut // la-ba-ku A II/1 Comm. 12; di-ig
ina ,itpuriki li-la-bi-ib abubu (for translat., see NI = nu-ur-ru-bu, ra-at-bu, ru-upt-t-bu, lu-ub-ku,
apluhtu lex. section) RA 12 74:15f. lu-ub-bu-ku, lu-tab-bu-ku A II/1 ii 8'-12'; du-urA =
a) lababu (mostly in stative): puhru Sits la-ba-ku (in group with a-za-al and narabu)
Antagal G 43.
kunatma aggid la-ab-bat (var. lab-bat) she tu-lab-bak 5R 45 K.253 v 2 (gramm.).
(Tiamat) has called an assembly and rages
in anger En. el. II 12, III 16 and 74, cf. gazzat 1. to soften, to steep, to macerate (intrans.)
lab-bat (var. lab-babat) PBS 1/2 113 iii 17, var. - a) referring to steeping in liquids: you
from 4R 58 iii 31 (Lamastu); ezzu kapdu la saki: pour fine hamru-wine into the medicinal
pu miia u immu nasd tamhdri nazarbubu lab- preparation and leave it for five days enema
bu (var. la-ab-bu) they are fierce, scheming, il-tab-ku once it has steeped sufficiently (he
without rest day or night, they are prepared drinks it) Kocher BAM 42:32; Sa ame
for battle, furious, raging En. el. 1 131, II 17, raba'e Sa nubatte teppaS ibiad i-la-bi-ik you
III 21 and 79; la-ab-bu-ma damru kima do (this) at sunset, in the evening, it (the
Anzi and nabnita they rage furiously, they preparation) will steep all night Ebeling
are as strange in form as Anzi Tn.-Epic "ii" Parfiimrez. 28:8, also ibid. 25:9 and 29:7.
37, cf. ldbid i-lab-[ba-bu] ibid. "iii" 39; b) referring to decongestion(?): si-ra Sa
i-la-ab-ba-bu (in broken context, Sum. not KA§.[U.SA SIG] adi pit-ru-4 i-lab-bi-klu u ziita
preserved) BA 5 692 No. 45:2, also il-bu- nadd Dv you .... siru of fine billatu-beer
Ub [. . . ] K.8852:5 (courtesy W. G. Lambert). until his .... get decongested(?) and sweat
oi.uchicago.edu
labaku labanu A
Kocher BAM 174:14, parallel: bit-ra a KAS.V. ann marhas a ... KU.GIG u BIR.ME§ lu-ub-
SA SIG DU, [... I]R nad Du-ak AMT 55,1 r. 9f., bu-ki this is a bath to moisten the sick anus
also [adi] haui i-lab-bi-ku until his lungs and kidney (region) Kocher BAM 222:8.
become decongested(?) AMT 55,1:3, also (same
tablet) 86,3:8, cf. bit-ra aa KAS.T.SA [...] 3. Sulbuku (same mng.): ina x-x-tim
pit-ru-9i i-la-bil-k[u] Kocher BAM 87:21. tu-,al-bak you steep (the stone?) in ....
RA 60 31 r. 3'; uncert.: us-ta-al-bi-ik (in
c) other occ.: nalbanatum Ait la-ba-ak broken context) VAS 16 87:5 (OB).
NAGAR (obscure) Gelb OAIC 43:7 (OAkk). In KAH 2 143:4 read mu-reb-bi-iq, see rapdqu.
von Soden, Or. NS 24 391 n. 1.
2. lubbuku to steep, macerate (in a liquid),
to soften, to moisten (with oil) - a) to labanatu s.; frankincense; SB; WSem. 1w.
steep, macerate (in a liquid): siqqa lu-bi-ka
SIM.HI.A //i -ru-u4 la-ba-na-tum BRM
u tdabtim i'da moisten the lye(?) and watch 4 32:15 (med. comm.).
the vinegar! TLB 4 37:11 (OB let.), cf. siqqi
la lu-bu-ku ibid. 6; various herbs [ina me]
I GIN §IM la-ba-na-ta RA 53 8:37 (med.).
a riqqe tu-la-ba-ak you macerate in the Connect with Heb. lebondh, Gk. liban6s,
juice of the aromatics Ebeling Parfiimrez. libanot6s.
p. 23:21 (MA), cf. ina [me] tu-ul-ta-na-ba-ak Ebeling Parfiimrez. p. 9; G. W. Van Beek,
Frankincense and Myrrh, BiAr 23/3 70ff.
ibid. p. 45:17; the medicinal preparation
ina me kasiti tu-la-bak you macerate in cold labanu A (lebenu) v.; 1. to make bricks,
water Kiichler Beitr. pl. 6 i 14, cf. ibid. pl. 1 i 23, 2. lubbunu to thicken, to reinforce, 3. Sul
ina me tu-lab-bak Kocher BAM 159 v 52 and bunu to have bricks made; from OA, OB on;
dupl. 54:10, ina nakudrisa me tu-la-bak AMT I ilbin - ilabbin - labin, 1/2, II, III, III/2;
41,1:37, cf. also (in wine, vinegar or beer) ibid. 20, cf. labbinu, 1dbinu, labnu B adj., libittu,
CT 23 46 iv 7, Kocher BAM 46:16, 49:29, 81:14, lubbuttu s., nalbanatta, nalbanu, nalbattu,
159 ii 47, 168:59, note, wr. tu-alab-bak ibid. 159 nalbinu.
v 42; ina Sinati tu-lab-bak you macerate in
[du-u] [GAB] = [l]a-ba-nu Sb II 340; du-u GAB
urine ibid. 303:11; obscure: [z](?)].§ES-ka §a = la-ba-nu Sd SIG4 A VIII/1:135; duGAB = MIN
ina .ikari u-la-ba-ku ZE(?).SES iL-ni ki qa[bd] (= la-ba-nu) sIG4 (in group with labanu B and
LKA 72 r. 8, see TuL p. 47; U.ME§(?)-ma (gloss:
Ma-am-mi-ma) a-na me-si 1 -im u-la-ba-ak
Lambert BWL 277 B 6.
la-ba-nu ha
labdnu s.) Antagal III 292; dus, du s .du 8 =
sIG4 NabnituE 171f.; sig4ta-ba-a-nudu8
Proto-Izi I 263; sig4 .dus.du 8 = la-bi-in libitti
Lu IV 380; lu.sig 4 .du 8 .du 8 = la-bi-in li-bit-ti
Hh. II 349.
b) to soften, to moisten (with oil): subdti gi.pisan.si.si.ki = MIN (= la-ba-nu) Sa pi-sa-
tdbam ula i.u damnam esemti ula u-la-ba-ak ni, 6.si.ki.in.du 8 = MIN a bi-ti, gis.tukul.si.
I have no fine garment for myself, I cannot si.ki = MIN Sa kak-ki, gir.gub.ba = MIN Sa Se-pi
make my body supple with oil TCL 1 9: 9, see Nabnitu E 177f.; lu.ni.in = li-bi-in (imp.)
Nabnitu E 181.
van Dijk La Sagesse 121 (OB lit.); [ina] himeti su.raa.aha, sa.hir.hir.ra.ah = lu-ub-bu-nu
tu-la-bak teqqi you moisten [the ... ] in ghee Nabnitu E 191f.; sa.hir.hir = lu-ub-bu-[nu]
and daub it (on his eyes) AMT 11,2:9; an- (between subbu[tu] and tisbu[tu]) Izi N 10.
nam ana duburrigu taaappakma u-lab-bak sa iti.min.kam.ma.ta sig 4 .bi mi.ni.du 8
you pour this into his rectum and (it) : ina libbu ITI.2.KAM SIG 4 -s.-nu al-bi-in within two
months I made their bricks LIH 99:70 (Sum.) =
lubricates (it) Kocher BAM 85:8 and dupl. 86:8, 97:67 and dupl. VAS 1 33 iii 15 (Akk., Samsuiluna);
n er'dni
also, wr. i-lab-bak ibid. 159 vi 33; ana iti u.sub lugal.kex(KID) lugal u.Aub sig,.kex
MURU 4 lu-ub-bu-ki to make the hip muscles kur.kur 6.ne.ne mu.un.d.a : arah nalban
supple AMT 69,8:15, cf. ana MURU 4 a.d{ti Sarri Sarrunalbanai-la-bi-inmatatibitatidinaeppudu
(Simanu is) the month of the brick mold of the
l[u-ub-bu-ki] (var. lu-ub-bu-ka) ibid. 11, var.
king, the king makes the brick mold, all lands
from AMT 56,1 r. 5 and 10, cf. aSta ana lu-bu-ki build their houses KAV 218 A i 28 and 34 (Astro-
Kocher BAM 131 r. 8. of. also ibid. 125:25, 303: 22f.; labe B).
oi.uchicago.edu
labanu A labanu A
1. to make bricks - a) in econ. and me): "Make bricks!" Thompson Rep. 73 r. 4;
letters: awilam dannam ana li-bi-tim la-ba- akt agurru a Sakin temi Sa GN i-lab-bi-in-nu
ni-im turdam send me a strong man for u isarrabbi as they make and fire the bricks
making bricks Sumer 14 68 No. 43:19 (Harmal for the governor of Babylon Pinches Peek No.
let.), cf. hired men ana S104 la-ba-nim 11:6, for other refs. see sarapu A mng. lb;
Genouillac Kich 2 C 43:3; agrum a 1 GAN S104 x marridtaparzilli a ana le-bi-en a SIG4 .HI.A
ana bit asahhdtim u kawarim il-bi-nu a hired PN ... ana [PN,] ittadin x iron spades which
laborer who has made one iku of bricks for PN gave to PN, for the making of bricks
the storehouse and the kawaru Riftin 53:8, Nbk. 245:2, cf. RA 63 80 BM 56365:2, also (iron
cf. agrum a sio 4 il-bi-nu YOS 5 171:30, 174:22, tools) ana la-bi-nu a SIG4.HJI.A GCCI 2 297:5,
181:25, also TLB 1 58:4, note as year name: cf. [ana] li-bi-[nu] 9a 8IG4 .HI.A TCL 12 93:6,
MU SIG4 GN il-bi-nu JCS 9 61 No. 6:14 and 68 VAS 4 14:1 and 9, VAS 6 224:1, YOS 6 20:1,
No. 43:14 (OB Tuttub); MN SIG4.HI.A i-la-bi-in GCCI 1 334:2, wr. la-bi-nu ibid. 352:1, 355:4;
he will make bricks during MN VAS 9 55:6; ina MN sa MU.37.KAM libitti 25240 ina GN
tuppu siltum a SIo4 la-ba-nim SE.KIN.KUD i-lab-bi-nu-ma igammaru ina kiss imannd
Sa PN eli PN 2 iM a fraudulent tablet (saying) inandinu in Du'fizu of the 37th year they
that PN, is under obligation to PN to make will finish making 25,240 bricks, count and
bricks and to do harvest work YOS 12 224:1; deliver (them) at the outer city wall BE 9
ina dir belija libittam la-ba-nam bel ipuram 51:6, cf. Evetts App. 4:8 (Xerxes); 2600 lib:
ARM 5 28:10, cf. ibid. 14; SIG4 i-la-ab-bi-nu ... ndti [ana] PN PN, ina [MN] i-lab-bi-<in>-ma
sIG 4 ul i-la-ab-bi-nu-ma they will make bricks, ana PN inandinPN qaqqaruana PN, ukallim=
if they do not make bricks BIN 7 198:10 and 13 ma ina libbi i-lab-bi-in(text -il) PN2 will
(all OB); x lim sIG 4 la-ab-na-at x thousand make 2,600 bricks for PN and deliver them
bricks are made BE 17 23:4, 10 lim SIG4 .AL. in MN to PN, PN assigned PN, the location,
L15.IR.RA GAL.ME§ la-ab-na-at ten thousand and he will make bricks there Watelin Kish 3
large baked bricks are made ibid. 11, cf. also pl. 14 W. 1929,144:5ff., cf. ki la il-te-eb-nu
agurru le-eb-ni-it JCS 19 97:32 (MB letters); BRM 1 33:10; agritu a agurru i-lab-bi-nu
summa a'ilu ina la qaqqiriSu x-lu-Su-ma hired men who make the baked bricks BIN 2
libitta il-bi-in if a man digs(?) (a clay pit) 133:48, also Moore Michigan Coll. 17:5; ina
and makes bricks in a field not belonging to muhi dullu a ekalli ... u la(text ba)-bi-in-
him KAV 2 v 27 (Ass. Code B § 14), also ibid. 35 ni a SIG4 .HI.A ... andku I am in charge of
(§ 15); Sipatu annatu ana 1 lim libndte ina GN the work of the palace and of the brick
ana la-ba-ni tadnaniSSu i-la-bi-in(!) iddan u making YOS 3 133:9; 3600 agurru ... lib-
tuppuSu ihappi this wool is given to him for na-at UCP 9 74 No. 82:17 (all NB).
making one thousand bricks in GN, (when)
he makes and delivers (the bricks), he may b) in hist.: 2 enen ina Abit Jadu'im DN
break his tablet KAJ 111:12; a SIG4 .ME ipteamma ina enen Suniti SIG4.BAD.KI al-bi-in
URU GN il-be-<nu>-u-ni KAV 119:11 (MA); DN opened for me two springs on Mount
2 lim SIG4 .ME8 ina Nuzi i-la-bi-nu HSS 5 97:7, Abih, I made a brick wall at these two
cf., wr. i-la-ab-bi-in ibid. 98:10 and 12 (both springs ZA 43 115:38 (OA royal, Iluuma), also
coll. E. Lacheman), of. also HSS 13 387:5, 9, 11, AOB 1 8 ii 3; libnate al-[bi]-in qaqqarguumessi
444:15, RA 23 158 No. 65:8, 159 No. 68:7; atta I made bricks, I cleansed the ground for it
tidi ki agurri Satta agd la ni-il-bi-[in] you (the building) AKA 96 vii 75 (Tigl. I); ina MN
know that we have not made baked bricks this Sa ina Simat Anim Enlil u Ea niniku ana
year YOS 3 125:35 (NB let.); ankuimussu la-ba-an libndti epA ali u biti ITI dsI,4 nabzd
ana mub&i bubtija arraamahh4ar u enna ana umu in the month MN, which by edict of
s104 ittaskinni umma li-bit-ti li-bi-in I daily DN, DN, and Prince(?) DN, was called the
beg the king for sustenance and now he month of the brick-god (appropriate) for
assigned me to make bricks, (saying) (to making bricks (and) building cities and houses
oi.uchicago.edu
labanu A labanu B
Lyon Sar. 9:58; tupSikku uSaSiSunutima il-bi- Lyon Sar. 15:51, cf. ibid. 9:59, KAH 1 37:4; ad.
nu libitta I made them carry the (work)basket kema gimir ummdnija mat KarduniaS kalifa
and they made bricks OIP 2 95:71, and pas- allu tupfikku u.asifuncti ina nalbandt in
sim in Senn., also Borger Esarh. 59 v 49; la-bi-in piri usi taskarinni musukkanni 4-.al-bi-na
libittiu zabilu tupSikkisu ina eleli ninguti sIG4 I dispatched all my workmen, all of the
ubbalu iumun those who make bricks and land of Babylon, and made them use mat-
carry baskets for it (the construction of the tocks and (construction) baskets, I had
temple) spend their day in joyous song (them) make bricks in brick molds of ivory,
Streck Asb. 88 x 94, parallel KAH 2 129:4 (Sin- ebony, boxwood, and musukkannu-wood
sar-iskun), cf. la-bi-ins14 la maniti molder of Borger Esarh. 84:45, also ibid. 20:15, agurri
countless bricks JEOL 20 54 i 13 (NB Manis- Esagil u Babili e.fis 4-al-bi-in ibid. 30 § 14:9,
tusu); SIG4 .HJI.A a le-bi-ni MDP 21 p. 8:21 also Streck Asb. 350 p 9; almin lu-i-sa-al-bi-
(Dar.); SIG4 Esagila u Ezida ... ina qctija in li-bi-in-tim I had bricks without number
elleti ina damni ruiti al-bi-in-ma with my made VAB 4 60 ii 5 (Nabopolassar).
own pure hands I made bricks with fine oil For KAH 2 84:46 and 66 see lami v. mng. 2.
for Esagila and Ezida 5R 66 i 11 (Antiochus I). H. Lewy, Or. NS 18 139; Seidmann, MAOG 9/3
18 n. 4.
2. lubbunu to thicken, to reinforce: see
Nabnitu E 191f., Izi N 10, in lex. section; labanu B (lebenu, lepenu) v.; 1. to beg
a pillar malla ina ammete la-ab-b[u-u]n one humbly, to exhibit utmost humility (in
cubit thick (parallel: x cubits long) AfO 17 gestures), to pray contritely (always with
146:4 (MA); 6.TA.AM ina Sepe bit butni sa appu), 2. lubbunu (same mngs.), 3. Sulbunu
putiSu i-lab-bi-in I reinforced the terebinth to act humbly; from OB on; I ilbin -
hall along (both) sides, (each) six by six feet ilabbin, II, III; wr. syll. (li-pi-in KAR 25 i
AfO 18 352:58, dupl. KAH 2 66:33 (Tigl. I), cf. 13) and KIR4.SU.GAL.
(in broken context) KAH 2 67:3 (Tigl. I); kir4 .su.gal, kir 4 .Su.a.gal, kir4 .su.a.ga.
ga, Au.kir 4 .a.ga.ga = la-ba-nu9a ap-pi Nabnitu
obscure: ana j.TA.AM la-bu-na libit ineSu
E 173ff.; kir 4 .su.gal = la-ban ap-pi (after
KAR 6 ii 24 (NA lit.). unninnu) Igituh I 121 and Igituh short version 92;
gl = la-ba-nu, kir.su.gal = MIN ap-pi Antagal
3. Sulbunu to have bricks made: libittam
III 290f.; ga-al GAL = la-ba-nu Idu II 52.
ina daS'im us-tal-bi-in-ma I had bricks made 5s.ne.sa kir 4, u gAl.la.ta : un--nini u
in the spring AAA 1 pl. 19 No. 1:7 (OA let.); la-ban ap-pi OECT 6 pl. 25 Rm. 2, 151:14f.;
libittau 4-Sa-al-bi-in dirsu ipuS he had lugal dib.ba.mu Utu.an.na.ginx(GIM) kir
bricks made for it and (re)built its wall su ha.ma.an.gal (later version: ha.ra.ab.
g l.le.ne) : Aarrii a akmb kima amal ap-pa
YOS 9 35:140 (Samsuiluna); Seam u kaspam lil-bi-nu-[ni] may the kings whom I defeated
ana SIG4.JI.A Su-ul-bu-nim addinakkum sIa 4 . humble themselves before me as (they do before)
HI.A Sa la tu-Sa-al-bi-nu tu-Sa-al-bi-in-ma Samas Angim IV 7; when your command is
I gave you barley and silver to have some given in heaven dingir.nun.gal.e.ne kir4 su
ma.ra.an.gl.le.es: Igigi ap-pa i-lab-bi-nu the
bricks made, (but) you have only pretended
Igigi show complete humility 4R 9:57 f., see OECT
to make bricks A 3535: 4ff. (OB let.), cf. 1 GAN 6 p. 9, cf. dA.nun.na.kex(KD).e.ne kir 4 su
SIG4.I.A ana panija tu-ul-bi-in ... 1 GAN ma.ra.an.gAl.le.es (var. ma.ra.an.ma.al.
siG4.1j.A ana panija ul tu-Sa-al-ba-am-ma libs le.es) : Anunnaki ap-pa i-lab-bi-nu-ka Bollen-
bi imarraakkum get an iku of bricks made riicher Nergal p. 44:34f.; s~.ne.sa 4 i.ak.a
kir4 .a u mi.ni.ib.gal.la : ina.unninni ap-pa
before I come, if you do not have an iku of (var. adds -4t) i-la-ab-bi-in 4R 26 No. 8:12f. + 27
bricks made before I come, I shall be angry No. 3:6f.; gaan.m[al am]a.dNin.urta.kex
with you ibid. 21ff.; SIG4 i-.al-be-nu-Su-nu- st.ud.bi.se su mi.ni.in.g6l.le.es : be-ell-tu
tim PBS 1/2 53:29 (MB let.); ina ITI.SIG4 um ?ir-t]i ana beli dMIN ana riqeti ap-pa i-lab-bi-nu-Au
Lugale VIII 38; ka.si.si.ga.ta kir4, u mar.
e9&ii allu uSatrikma ~-Sal-bi-na li-bit-tu in
ra.[ta] : ina timeq u la-ban ap-pi in intense and
Simanu on the day of an e8itu-festival I had contrite prayer RAcc. 109 r. llf., cf. sizkur kir 4
(them) wield mattocks and make bricks su mar.ra : ina niqd uttennenni u la-ban ap-pi
10
oi.uchicago.edu
labanu B labanu B
ibid. 3f., also kir ,4 u mar.ra.mu : la-ban ap- 2' in lit.: you (Samar) are listening to
pi-ia (listed after ikribi and niA qate, see ikribu suppa sulld u kardbi Sukinna kitmusu lithuSu
lex. section) 4R 20 No. 1: 9f.
inim ha.ra.ab.sa,.sas.ge.ne kir 4 su ha.
u la-ban ap-pi prayer, supplication, and
ra.ab.tag.ge.ne : listemiqakkum ap-pa-Si-na benediction, obeisance, kneeling, murmured
li-il-bi-na-kum may (the people) pray to you in prayers and (prayer said with) humble
humility LIH 60 ii 11f. (Hammurapi); kur.kur. gestures Lambert BWL 134:131, cf. il-la-ba-an
ra KA ki.su.up.pa.ni kir 4 su ha.ra.ab.tag. KIRa u temeqi ibid. 76:73, also [ina l]a-ban
ge.[ne] : matati ina sukeni ap-pa li-il-bi-na-ku-
nu-9i may all the countries humble themselves in ap-pi utnini ibid. 60:77; mugri le-bi-en ap-pi-
prostration before you (pl.) Lugale XII 33; bara ia sime suppeja STC 2 pl. 82:91, cf. leqe uns
nam.lugal.la.mu u.kir 4 .d dingir.re.e.ne. ninja muhur KIR 4 .SU.GAL-ia Craig ABRT 1
kex am.si.ginx ba.na: parak sarriutija sa ana 31 r. 12; suppu sully u la-ban ap-pi Lambert
la-ban ap-pi ill kma rzmi rabsu my royal dais
BWL 104:139; li-pi-in ap-pi-ia KAR 25 i 13;
which lies couchant like a wild bull to be adored
in humility by the gods RA 12 74:37f.; ezen note la-ba-nis ap-pi En. el V 87.
sizkur ul.du.a.ta ni.tur.tur.ra kir 4 .du mu.
pi.da.bi.da.as : ina isinnu niqi qiretu utnin b) other occs.: on that occasion ap-pa-a
la-ba-an ap-pi u zakar sumu ibid. 27 f.
ana mitutu a-lab-bi-in I was humiliating
[...] hd.en.d[a.a]b.sa.e.[ne] : ap-p[a l]il-
bi-na-a-ki BiOr 9 89:10. myself to the point of death ABL 716:17 (NB);
DN lugal dumu a.ni su.ud.bi.se kir 4 i-la-ab-bi-in ap-pa BHT pl. 10 vi 6; before his
Su.gal dMIN
: sarri mari sa abusu ana ruqeti ap-pa powerful godhead the Igigi ap-pi i-lab-bi-nu-
u-sal-bi-nu-S Ninurta, king, son whom his (own) iu JAOS 88 125 i a 12, cf. Anunnaki i-la-ab-
father begins to greet humbly even from afar
Lugale I 16.
bi-nu-us ap-pi PSBA 20 158:8; sa ana naddn
tu-.d-ru, ba-a-lum = la-ban ap-pi Malku V 63f.; urtiSu Igigi ap-pa i-lab-bi-nu ttaqq palhis
[ba]-'a-lum, [tu]-Sd-rum = la-ban ap-pi An IX 91 f., at the issuing of whose orders the Igigi
[la-b]an ap-pi = su-ul-lu-4 ibid. 93. assume an attitude of humility, reverently
KIR 4 .§U.GAL // la-ba-ni ap-pi GCCI 2 406:12
waiting Hinke Kudurru i 6; at your rising, Sin
(med. comm.); KIR4 .SU.GAL la-ba-su KIR 4 .SU.GAL
la-ban ap-pi CT 13 32 r. 11 (En. el. Comm., to En. Sarrani kal[idunu] ap-pa-u-nu i-lab-bi-nu
el. VII 127). all the kings assume attitudes of humility
Perry Sin No. 5a:6, cf. nauima niqdunu ella
1. to beg humbly, to exhibit utmost ap-pa-Su-nu i-la-bi-[nu] KAR 19 obv.(!) 7; in
humility (in gestures), to pray contritely broken context: [...] ta-la-bi-in AfO 12
(always with appu) - a) in the inf. - 1' in 143 r. i 6 (rit.); il-bi-in ap-pa-Su Sumer 13
hist.: I made abundant sacrifices (to the 99:13 and 14 (OB lit.), cf. gamas unninnija
gods) ina la-ban ap-pi u utninni maharSun leqe al-bi-in ap-pu STT 231:19; ana zikribu
azziz I stood before them humbly and with qabe i ni-il-bi-in ap-pa En. el. VI 102; adu
supplication (praising their divinity) TCL 3 turri gimilliSu il-bi-na ap-pu ... usalldnima
161 (Sar.); I prayed to them ina ikribi ut to obtain revenge on him (Ursa), they
ninni u la-ban ap-pi with benedictions, humiliated themselves before me, begging
supplication, and expressions of humility me (crawling on all fours like dogs) TCL 3 55
Borger Esarh. 42 i 36, cf. ina nis qti utninni u (Sar.); I placed before them a relief showing
la-ban ap-pi ibid. 82 r. 13; he (the rebel king) me as king la-bi-in ap-pi (represented in)
crouched down upon the wall of his city a gesture of humility OIP 2 84:55 (Senn.);
ina temeqi sulle la-ban ap-pi ibid. 103 i 5, al-bi-in ap-pi atta'id illussun uSdpd danniis:
ina temeqi ikribu u la-ba-a-nu ap-pi YOS 1 sunu Streck Asb. 84 x 31; ana sabitdniSu ap-
38 i 38 (Sar.), cf. inasuppe u la-ban ap-pi kums pa-Su lil-bi-im-ma unniniu aj imhurSu let
musdk [ina ma ]riun VAB 4 290 i 5 (Nbn.), him humbly beg the one who caught him but
and of. AnSt 8 46 i 18; ina le-bi-en ap-pi Aa may he (his enemy) not listen to his suppli-
ana beli ... palii utaqqi with the gestures of cations BBSt. No. 6 ii 55, cf. ap-pa li-il-bi-in
humility with which he was waiting respect- MDP 6 p. 46 iii 20 (kudurru); [a]p-pa-ki-na lib-
fully upon the lord Hinke Kudurru ii 10. na-si (parallel ukenadi) AfO 19 54:217; if he
11
oi.uchicago.edu
labanu labarmanna
splashes water on his chest u KIR4- GAL amelu SA.Gd-sU [ikkaluu] the third tablet
and makes a gesture of humility (diagnosis: (of the series) "if the neck tendons of a man
"hand of Samas") Labat TDP 100 i 5. hurt him" AMT 100,1 iv 14, also Kocher BAM
209 r. 18; SA.Gt LT.Ux(GI§GAL).LU GIG.G[A]
2. lubbunu (with appu, same mngs.): AMT 47,3 iii 19 (inc.); summa se'u ina SA.GU
Jumma ap-pa- u-lab-bi-in (followed by ameli Sakin libbaSu itdb if there is a mole on
ulappat, ugannas, unahhat) K.11716+ :5 (SB the side of a man's neck, he will be happy
omens), also RA 61 35:19.
Kraus Texte 44:5, dupl. 45:5, 63:2'; summa
3. dulbunu (with appu) to act humbly: awilum alpam igurma sepsu istebir ulu la-bi-
see Lugale I 16, in lex. section. a-an-su ittakis alpam kima alpim ana bel
alpim iriab if a man hires an ox and breaks
As the Sum. shows, the phrase appa labanu
its leg or cuts the sinew of its neck (with the
denotes a gesture involving both nose and
yoke), he shall make compensation ox for
hand, meant to express humility toward gods,
ox to the owner of the ox CH § 246:17, cf.
kings and human beings. Though listed
nira ina la-ba-ni-su-nu taSakkan you place
among the synonyms for praying, appa
the yoke on their necks (reconstructed from
labanu seems to denote the gesture ac-
comm.) Ebeling Wagenpferde 37 r. If.; UZU
companying a supplication, a prayer for
la-ba-ni-is ina pitilti taSakkak ina kisddidu
mercy, the expression of complete obedience,
taSakkan you string the tendons of its (a
etc. For a possible representation of the
donkey's) neck on a rope and place it around
gesture on a relief, see Jacobsen, OIP 24 p. 38
his neck AMT 12,3 ii 3 + 13,1:8.
n. 46 and ZA 52 110 n. 38, Nougayrol, Syria 33 159
n. 3. b) back of the neck as place for carrying
For VAT 8755 (A III/1:235f.) see labaru. a load: Barra adi muhhi ina kussi ina la-ba-ni
Landsberger, MAOG 4 306 and n. 5; Romer nassu they bear the king there on a sedan
Konigshymnen p. 271. chair on the backs of (their) necks MVAG 41/3
14:48 (MA rit.), cf. ibid. 44; narkabateina la-a-
labanu (labidnu, libanu) s.; tendon of the ba-ni lu emid I placed the chariots on the
neck, neck; OB, MA, SB; wr. syll. (la-a-ba-ni necks (of my soldiers) AKA 53 iii 45 (Tigl. I).
AKA 53 iii 45, Tigl. I) and SA.GTf.
uzu.sa.g = da-da-nu, uzu.sa.gu, -uzu.sa. c) neck: ki kunukki ina li-ba-ni-ka taktar
bal = la-ba-nu Hh. XV 54f.; uzu.sa.[gu] = argu you put it like a seal around your neck
[la-ba-nu] = [jer]-'-a-nu ki4adi Hg. B IV 5, in ABL 1042:6 (NA); naSpirtu ina li-ba-ni a rab
MSL 9 34; sa.gu = MIN (= la-ba-nu) ki-sd-di
Si-bir-te ikarrar he places the message around
Antagal III 293; uzu.sa, uzu.sa.gu, uzu.sa.
UM, uzu.sa.UD, uzu.sa.dah = la-ba-nu Nabnitu the neck of the head of the chancellery
E 194ff. Ebeling Parfiimrez. pl. 16 i(!) 7, see Or. NS 22 33
sa.gA.bi ba.an.ra.ah : la-ba-an-4u tiq (see (NArit.); [ina l]i-ba-a-ni Sa DN (in broken
etequ B) CT 17 10:49f. context) ABL 1014 r. 15f. (NA), see Parpola
[sa].g6 : i-na la-ba-ni-u-nu Ebeling Wagen-
pferde p. 37 Ko r. 1, see usage a.
LAS 292.
Refs. written SA.G may have to be read
a) tendon of the neck: la-ba-nietequ uram: daddnu, q.v.
md kiSadu (see etequ B usage a) Lambert BWL
Holma Korperteile 39f.; Holma, ZA 32 39.
42:61 (Ludlul II); [umma] SA.GV-gu ikkalugu
if the tendons of his neck hurt him KAR 184 labari§ see labaru s.
r.(!) 34, also AMT 21,2:3 and dupl. 22,2:2, 97,4: 18,
Labat TDP 36:36; ,umma ultu SA.GPi-$ labarmanna adv.; (mng. uncert.); Bogh.*
adi siL.MUD-di der'dnugu Saggu if his veins la-bar-ma-an-na ZAG Sa kilallidunu (these
are swollen from his neck tendons to his are) the borders between the two of them
clavicle(?) Labat TDP 82:27; SA.GT-4 tas for the future(?) KBo 1 5 iv 52, see Weidner,
sammid AMT 15,3:20; DUB.3.KAM Summa BoSt 8 108.
12
oi.uchicago.edu
labaru labaru
Possibly derived from labaru; for ana 240 iii 38 (Nbn.), and passim in NB royal inscrs.;
labar umi in the mng. "in the future" see ana baldt mi riqiiti kunnu kussi la-bar pale
labdru s. usage a. dummuqa amdtila ... usallisunuti VAB 4
278 vii 7 (Nbn.); ardku mija la-ba-ra palea
labaru s.; long duration, longevity, growing
liSakin Saptukka VAB 4 204 No. 44:6, of. ibid.
to old age, disrepair (said of buildings); MB,
96 ii 20 (both Nbk.); ina piSina elli [iqb]l la-bar
SB, NB; cf. labdru v.
kussja with their pure mouths they ordered
a) labr 'um : ana baldt napsate tiib libbi the endurance of my throne OECT 6 pl. 11
tiub seri u la-bar u 4-me sa sarri belija usalli K.1290:12 (prayer of Asb.), cf. ana [. .. la]-bar
I pray (to Marduk and Sarpanitum) for the kussisu ADD 644:5; la-ba-a-ri Sarritika (in
life and welfare, health of mind and body, broken context, parallel to arak pale) RA 18
and longevity of the king my lord ABL 498 r. 31 r. 6f. (SB lit.).
4 (NB); dNinurta-mukin-temen-aliSu-ana-la-
bar-ime-ruqiuti Ninurta-Is-the-Establisher- c) in labdri aldku to fall into disrepair
of-the-Foundation-of-His-City-for-Future- (said of buildings): the temple of Istar Sa
Days-to-Come (name of the outer wall of Sarru mahri ipudu la-ba-rid illikma miqitti
Diur-Sarrukin) Lyon Sar. pl. 18:91f., cf. ibid. irsi that a former king had built had become
old and showed signs of collapse Borger Esarh.
pl. 11:71; the temples sa istu RN ina la-bar
(var. la-ba-ru) iimu igariiunuiqupma whose 76:12, cf. ibid. 94:39, Streck Asb. 170:39, 236:18;
walls were buckling owing to the long time Sa la-ba-ris illikuma iniSu (the wall) which
had become old and weak Streck Asb. 242:34,
(elapsed) since (the time of) Sabfm CT 34
of. ibid. 84:56, 144:55, 154:22, Thompson Esarh.
35:51 and parallel VAB 4 248:30 (Nbn.); ana
pl. 17 v 42, YOS 1 42:23 and UCP 9 386:24 (all
matima ana la-ba-arumi ana umi siatim ana
umi sa uhhur1 kimahham anniam limurma la Asb.); inanna ziqqurrat Sudtu la-ba-ri-isilliks
ma VAB 4 250 i 20 (Nbn.), for other refs. see
usassak if ever, a long time from now, far
into the future, in days to come, anyone aldku mng. 4b-1'.
should find this tomb, let him not treat (it) d) other occs.: Marduk Simat la-ba-ri
disrespectfully YOS 9 83:3, dupl. VAS 1 54:2 isim Simti has given me longevity as my lot
(NB tomb inscr.), cf. matima ana la-bar imi Bauer Asb. 2 87:20; im la-ba-ri u ,andti
BBSt. No. 2:9 (MB), and passim in kudurrus; misari ana sirikti lisrukasu BE 1 83 r. 19
ahratas nie la-ba-ris(var. -ri-is) ume until (NB kudurru).
future generations, in days to come En. el.
e) referring to the past: ahritis mi la-ba-
VII 133; la-ba-risime ina mil kissati temensu
ri-is bitim in the course of time when this
la enesi askuppat pili rabbdti asurr~uu uas:
temple has been standing a long time AAA 19
Kira I set up big slabs of limestone around
105 iii 12 (Samsi-Adad I); la-ba-ri iume temenSa
its foundation walls so that in the course of
enisma as time passed, its foundation became
time its foundation should not become
weak OIP 2 128:43, parallel ibid. 131:58 (Senn.).
weakened by high water OIP 2 96:77, cf. ibid.
100:52, 106:7, and note ana la-ba-ri ume For TIL ime, see taqtitu.
(in parallel context) ibid. 119:18. labaru v.; 1. to last, to endure, 2. litabs
b) with words for royal rule: tubi libbi burn to last, 3. lubburu to last a long time,
tibi sBre ardku ume u la-bar pale ana bel sars to live to an old age, 4. lubburu to prolong,
rani belija liqgsu may they (the gods) grant to make last a long time, 5. lutabburu to
to the lord of kings, to my lord, good health last long, to live long, to endure, 6. Sulburu
in mind and body, long life and an enduring to live long, to last, 7. Julburu to prolong,
reign ABL 792:3, of. ABL 520:3, and passim, to keep going; from OAkk. on; I ilbir ---.
cf. also kiin kussi u la-ba-ri pale ana 4irikti ilabbir, 1/3, II, 11/2, III; written syll. and
durkam grant me a firm throne, a long reign TIL (in mng. 3 LIBIR.RA); cf. labaru s.,
YOS 1 44 ii 25 (Nbk.), also VAB 4 216 ii 34 (Ner.), labiriS, labirtu, labiru adj. and s., labiritiu.
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labaru labaru
li-bir t = la-be-r[u], la-ba-r[u] Diri II 129f.; has become too old CCT 3 25:16; nasperti
a
[u] u = la-fbl-a-ru, [ba]-la-a-u S Voc. N 23'f.; panitum il5-ti-bi4-ir-ma my earlier message
ti-il BE = la-ba-a-[ru], la-bi-e-[ru] Sa Voc. V 3' f.;
has become outdated TCL 4 48:11 (both OA);
[ti-il] TI = la-ba-ru A 11/3 Part 4 ii 6; gi-e GIL =
la-a-ba-rum, lu-bu-rum A III/1: 235f.; in.zi.gal aw&tum la i-la-bi-ra-ma ana [w]arkdt sattim
= lu-bu-ru, ri.ri.silim.ma = .u-lu-mu RA 16 la i-sa-hu-ra-ma la udabbabuka the matter
166 ii 14f., dupl. CT 18 29 ii 9f. (group voc.). should not drag on, and they should not
ga.an.tus nig.NE.RU nu.libir.ra gestd.
pester you again toward the latter part of
ga.ri.im : da-dab rag-gu ul u-lab-bar ha-as-su
the scoundrel lives (there), the wise man does not the year OECT 3 79:10 (OB let.), see Kraus,
live to old age Lambert BWL 241:55. AbB 4 No. 157; the man suffers from pent-
tu-lab-bar 5R 45 K.253 v 3. up wind and setu-disease Sipirsu i-la-bir-
1. to last, to endure - a) referring to a ma (var. TIL-ma) qdt etemmi if his suffering
period of time: ikriku umija lil-bi-ra.anatija lasts long, it is the "hand of the ghost"
prolong my days (so that) my years may last (disease) Kocher BAM 52:67, var. from ibid.
VAB 4 280 vii 55 (Nbn.); liriku imija limida
168:2, AMT 94,2 ii 4, and 52,4:3, also Si-pir-st
Janatijalikin kussia li-il-bi-ir palia may my x-ma (perhaps TrL-si-ma) imrt Kuchler Beitr.
days last long, my years be numerous, my pl. 18 iii 6, cf. also summa Sipirsu il-ta-bir
throne be firm, my reign endure 5R 66 ii 13,
BE la TE-,u-ma imat if his affliction lasts
see VAB 3 132 (Antiochus I); for refs. with
a long time, he will die a death of ....
AMT 90,1 iii 16; i-la-bir-sum-ma ana naSdr
the inf. labaru, see labaru s.
mursi itdrSu (the disease) will linger on
b) referring to persons: pdlihka i-lab-bi-ir and he will have a slight relapse Labat
ana dardti the one who worships you will TDP 196:66f., cf. TIL-ir-ma manzassu la ussa
live a long life PBS 15 80 ii 20 (Nbk.); in per- ibid. 236:46, also ibid. 106:35, cf. also (in
sonal names: dEnlil-gumu-lil-bir 0-Enlil- broken context) il-bir-ma AMT 43,1:24;
May-the-Son-Have-a-Long-Life TuM 2-3 URU.BI i-lab-bir // i-kab-bir that city will
183:20; Ina-Esagila-lil-bir May-She(the endure, variant: will become strong ACh
goddess)-Last(-Forever)-in-Esagila Dar. 27:7; Supp. 2 Sin 17:13.
for names wr. LIL-bur, see bdru A mng. la-2'
2. litabburu to last: tukinni hatta esreti
and see Borger, BiOr 28 66.
ana li-tab-bur dadmi you assigned me a just
c) referring to buildings: Ja bit agurrim scepter for (my rule) over the world to
uati inima il-ta-bi-ru la udannanusu who- endure ZA 5 67:28 (SB lit., prayer of Asn. I).
ever does not strengthen this building made
3. lubburu to last a long time, to live to
of baked bricks when it has become old
an old age - a) in royal inscrs. and lit.:
RA 11 92 ii 1 (OB royal); DN ... [...] la
sakin kunukki anni ... li-la-bi-ir may the
fill-bir ina la-ba-ri la eniS the temple of DN
wearer of this seal have a long life RA 16 80
had not become too old and had not weakened
No. 26:6 (MB seal); SurkiSu Semd u lu-ub-bu-ra
through long use MAOG 3/1 8:18 (NA); note
grant him the obedience (of his subjects) and
[bit]u la-bi-[ir-ma ... ] JCS 6 144:22 (MB let.
a long life KAR 107:21 and dupl. 358:8; lu-
from Dilmun); enima ekallu Sdtu i-lab-bi-ru-
bur pale ana sarri belija liddinu may (the
ma ennahu rub arkd anhussa luddid when
gods) grant to the king, my lord, a long-
that palace becomes old and ruined, may
lasting reign ABL 1017:4, cf. la-bur baldti ...
some future prince restore its ruins OIP 2
ana Sarri belija liddinu ABL 493:8 (both NA);
130 vi 76, cf. enema diru 4tu i-lab-bi-ru-ma
Lu-lab-bir-arrssu (personal name) ADD
ennahu ibid. 116:81, AfO 20 96:123, and passim
414:1 and r. 14; italluku Ezida ina pan ilitika
in Senn., Borger Esarh. 64 vi 68, 72:36, Streck Asb.
li(var. lu)-lab-bi-raAepdja may my feet walk
90x 110.
to and fro in Ezida before your divinity for
d) other occs.: bappiram a epuSakkunni a long time Streck Asb. 274:18, ef. ibid. 276:18;
il-ti-bi,-ir the "beer bread" I made for you ina q-re-bi-d ina GN lu-la-ab-bi-ir tallakti
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labaru labaru
therein (in the palace) in Babylon may my Grants-Duration-to-the-Reign-of-Its-Royal-
course (of life) last VAB 4 200 No. 37:5, cf. ibid. Builder-(and)-Protects-His-Troops (name of
176 x 32 (Nbk.), note: ina nurika namri lu- the inner wall of Diir-Sarrukin) Lyon Sar.
la-ab-bi-ir tallakka ibid. 232 ii 10, lu-lab-bi-ir 11:71, for a parallel see mng. 7; kuss&d a
manzaza ibid. 260 ii 48 (Nbn.); [i]na mahri abila lu-ub-bi-ir GN lu-ub-bi-ir-ma secure
kunu qerbudunu atalluku lu-la-ab-bi-ir ana the continuity of your father's throne, secure
ddrdti may I live on forever walking to and the survival of Mitanni KBo 1 3 r. 22, parallel
fro in them (the streets of Babylon) before ibid. 1 r. 75 (treaty), cf. rubi kussdAu i-la-bar
you (the gods) ibid. 196 No. 29:7; RN liblut TuL p. 42:7 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb), cf.
lu-la-ab-bi-ir zanin Esagila May-Nebuchad- ,arru kussa -la-[bar] Thompson Rep. 136 0:9,
nezzar -Live -May-the -Caretaker-of- Esagila- kussd 4-lab-bar ACh Sin 34:32, NU TIL-bar
Last (name of a palace) ibid. 120 iii 28; in ibid. 25:78, and passim in astrol., mdnahdtiu
mahrika epdetua lidmiqa lu-la-ab-bi-ir ana u-lab-bar KI.MIN ana kaspi inaddin he will
ddridti may my deeds find favor with you, keep his possessions for a long time, variant:
may I live on forever ibid. 82 ii 17, of. 196 No. will sell (them) CT 39 4:45 (SB Alu); ibi ,umi
28:9 (all Nbk.); §a itti mar Bel kinu 4-la-bar ana duru mi bit epusu lu-ub-bi-ir proclaim
ana ddridti whoever is true to the son of Bel my name for eternal days, let the temple I
will live on forever ibid. 68:37 (Nabopolassar); have built survive long VAB 4 258 ii 24
epiSti ... lu-la-ab-bi-ir ana ddridti may my (Nbn.).
work endure forever ibid. 190 ii 4, of. Bohl
b) referring to persons: DN rdimka
Leiden Coll. 3 45:27 (both Nbk.); kussi sarrutija
assumija li-la-ab-bi-ir-ka may Marduk, who
lu-lab-bir may my royal throne endure ibid.
loves you, keep you alive for my sake Kraus
232 ii 23; bitusudti maharka lu-la-ab-bi-ir ana
AbB 1 123:2, cf. ibid. 15:4, 106:2, PBS 7 122:4,
ddr&ti ibid. 242 iii 41 (both Nbn.).
cf. DN beli [ddr]i§ lmi li-la-ab-bi-ir-ka Kraus
b) in omen texts: bztu , s -lab-bar this AbB 1 106 :29 (all OB letters), Samas ... mda
house will last a long time CT 38 14:3 (SB Alu); ddti Sandti ina Eanna lu-lab-bir-ka YOS 3
KUR i-lab-bar AfO 17 84:14 (astrol.); Sarru
ina 101:11 (NB let.); andku ardu palihkunu lu-la-
salmdt paleu -la[b-bar] the king will live to bir-ku-nu-Si attunu j4ii lu-bi-ra-nin-ni I,
old age in a happy reign Leichty Izbu V 94; your respectful servant, shall keep you
kussi nakri ul i-lab-bar the reign of the (divine ordinances) in force for a long time,
enemy will not last ACh Sin 33:44, cf. ibid. 45; you (in turn) grant me a long life KAR 38 r.
amelu ic is-lab-bar this man will live to an 7 f. (SB namburbi); ana a Marduk uballatuu
old age Labat Calendrier § 41': 15, wr. ZA.BI u i-la-ba-ru-[9u] qibima say to him whom
TIL-bar KUB 4 44:8, cf. TIL-bar UD GID.DA Marduk keeps in good health and grants a
he will live to an old age, have a long life long life TLB 4 56:2 (OB let.), cf. PN 9a ilu
TCL 6 14:29; belu i-lab-bar CT 38 14:7, ... i-la-ab-bi-ru-gu whom the gods have per-
wr. LIBIR.RA ibid. 20f., adib libbiSu ul i-lab- mitted to live (too long) KBo 1 10:21; the
bar ibid. 16, wr. NU LIBIR.RA ibid. 13, and palaces mu-lab-[bi-r]a epiiin which bring
passim in SB omens; bel biti Sudti LIBIR.RA long life to their builder Rost Tigl. III p.
CT 40 48:29, wr. TIL-bar CT 39 48b: 12, and 76:34.
passim in SB omens; note that LIBIR.RA and
5. lutabburu to last long, to live long, to
TIL-bar may be read ultabbar or uSalbar, see
endure - a) in gen.: ina mazzazim 9a
mngs. 5 and 6.
tazzazzu lu(!)-ta-ab-bi-ir live long wherever
4. lubburu to prolong, to make last a long you are TCL 18 152:8 (OB let.); Lil-ta-bir-
time - a) in gen.: RN-li-la-bi-ir-ha-ta-am ilu May-He-Have-a-Long-Life-O-God PBS
May- isin-Keep-the-Scepter-for-a-Long-Time 2/2 59:9, cf. Lil-ta(!)-bir-duTU BE 15 103:6
CT 32 12 i 16 (OAkk.); DN-mu-lab-bir-pale- (both MB), see Clay PN 103a; DI.ME§-tumAa
Aarri-e-pi-<$i >-Su-n.sir-ummdntidu AiSur- RN eli GN Sa pandnu ... [i]na imi mad
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labaru labasu
mi[t]u a[k]na[t] [l]a ul-ta-ab-bd-ru the mdniSu (for a parallel, see mng. 5a) Lyon Sar.
earlier decisions of Aziru about Ugarit will 18:90; Istar a palu zu-sal-ba-ru who
no longer be in force from the day the prolongs his reign Borger Esarh. 73 § 47:5,
(present) contract is concluded MRS 9 284 cf. mu-sal-bi-rat palesu ibid. 77 § 49:4, cf. also
RS 19.68:12. ibid. 7 iv 3, also iddt dumqi a ... Sul-bur
b) in omen texts: KUR.BI ul-tab-bar this paleja favorable signs for a prolonged rule
country will endure ACh Sin 35:45, cf. bitu ibid. 2 ii 21; DN ... li-sal-bi-ru paliika may
S~ ul ul-tab-bar CT 38 10:26 (SB Alu), amelu Nabfu extend your reign ABL 716:5 (NB); la-
i ul-tab-bar (var. TIL-bar) this man will bar iime riqiti Sul-bur pale ABL 7 r. 13 (NA),
have a long life Labat Calendrier § 31:1, ul cf. Sul-bur arrutisu Streck Asb. 224:17; ar-
ul-tab-bar KAR 52:1 (Alu Comm.), and passim riiti u-ul-bi-ri-im ana u4 -mi-im reqiti prolong
in omen texts; note ir-tam-mu ul-tab-ba-ru my kingship to far-off days VAB 4 66 ii 21
(Nabopolassar), cf. sul-bir tallakti KAV 171:15
(the man and woman) will love each other
and live to old age Kraus Texte 3b iii 32 and (Sin-sar-iskun), [...] Sul-bir ina kissate
KAR 3:16 (hymn).
dupl. 4c iii 22; garru u asassu ul-tab-ba-r2u-
ma TAS XII 2 r. 46 (OB ext., Elam), cited In Rost Tigl. III p. 76:35, read mu-r[am-[hi]-ru
(coll. H. Tadmor).
Labat, Studies Landsberger 260.
labasu (lapasu)s.; (a disease and a demon
6. sulburu to live long, to last - a) to
personifying it); Bogh., SB; wr. syll. (la-
live long: epeg dli u Sul-bur qerbisu isrukuinni
pa-su Kocher BAM 338 r. 10, from Assur)
ana darid they (the gods) granted me the
and dDjM.ME.A.
privilege of building the city and living long
therein Lyon Sar. 12:75, cf. ibid. 22:56; u-al- dDM.ME.A = la-ba-su Lu Excerpt II 179b;
[...] = [dDiM.ME].A = la-ba-su CT 24 44 xi 143
bar-ma HUL-9 Du 8-[g] he will have a long (list of gods); [a. zag] = [asa]kkum, [la-ba]-su
life and his troubles will leave him 4R 33* Izi Q 67 f.
ii 28, cf. NA.BI c-sal-bar KAR 178 r. iii 38, lu dDIM.ME.A Su ba.an.da.ri.a : sa la-ba-su
and passim in this text and dupl. KAR 176; note irmisu (var. zumurSu ihuzu) upon whom the 1.-
demon has settled 5R 50 i 55f. and dupls., see
NA.BI C4-al(!)-bar(!) SA.BI DU1 0 -ab KAR 178
Borger, JCS 21 4:28; [dD]IM.ME.A [...] sud.sud :
i 25, dupl. 176:16 (all hemer.). [... ] la-ba-su ana x x Lt i-sal-la-hu CT 16 24 i 6f.;
dDIM.ME.A dib.ba [me.en] : la-ba-su kam4
b) to last (said of buildings): ana im a[naku] I am the paralyzing 1.-demon CT 17
sate enima abullu Si u-aal-ba-ru-maennahama 49:20f.; dDIM.ME dDiM.ME.A su.na ba.ni.in.gig.
rub4 arkil anhuissa luddid in future days, ga : lamastu la-ba-su sa zumra usamrasu - lamastu
when this gate has become old and ruined, and 1., who make the body sick CT 16 1:34f.; for
other refs., see lamastu lex. section.
may a future prince restore its ruins WO 1
256:12 (Shalm. III), cf. enima bitu i u-sal- a) in enumerations of evil demons:
ba-ru-ma ennahu AOB 1 124 iv 38, cf. ibid. 136 lamatu la-ba-su ahhazu ASKT p. 90-91 ii 62,
r. 16 (Shalm. I), 70 r. 11, 72:33, 78 r. 6, AfO 5 see Borger, AOAT 1 p. 8, also Schollmeyer No. 18
92:43 (Adn. I), Weidner Tn. 16 No. 7:61, 20 No. r. 6, 4R 29 No. 1 r. 26f., see OECT 6 p. 60, Gur-
10:29, also 55 No. 60:11 (Assur-res-isi I), AfO 18 ney, AAA 22 86:120, and passim between lamastu
344:46, 353:91, AfO 19 143:37 (Tigl. I), Scheil and ahhazu, q.v., wr. dDiM.ME.A KAR 56:17,
Tn. II r. 61; for other refs. see andhu A mng. Maqlu V 70, 8urpu IV 53, LKA 89 r. i 27 and
3a. dupls., see TuL p. 132:61.
7. Sulburu to prolong, to keep going: b) together with other diseases: li'bu la-
iddi kussiSu kinni ul-bi-ri paldSu make firm ba-su (var. la-(ba>-sa) urgule (see li'bu)
the foundation of his throne, prolong his STT 138:20, var. from Kocher BAM 338:21, for
reign (addressing Nan) Craig ABRT 1 54:21 dupls. see Walker, BiOr 26 77, cf. lamatu la-
(- BA 5 629:21), cf. ZDMG 98 32:8 (Sar.); pa-su ahhdzu Kocher BAM 338 r. 10 (from Assur);
A Sur-mu-sal-bir-pale-arri-epidilu-ndsir-ums umma li'bu la-ba-ga mald upndja my hands
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laba~u labasu lb
are filled with fever, li'bu-disease and 1. fannima as4assu u-lab-bi-4u(the enemy) stripped
me of my garment and clothed his wife (with it)
8urpu V-VI 124, cf. ummu li'bu la-ba-si
PSBA 17 pl. 1 ii 15f., [...] nam.lugal.la ha.
LKA 20:5; (if the disease) ana la-ba-as
ba.ri.in.mu 4 : [...]-ti LUGAL-ti li-lab-biS-ku
GUR(!)-Sum-[ma] turns into 1. for him Labat 5R 51 iii 58f., see JCS 21 12; [...] a.ta sa su
TDP 144:46; summa ... IR la-ba-si ma-at-ti ga.mu.un : lu-8a-al-bi-is-su SBH 76 No. 43 r. 5;
TUK.TUK-si if he (the sick man) gets the tug am.mu 4 .mu 4 : subata -t-lab-ba-[a] Ai. VI
"profuse sweat of the 1.-demon" again and iii 20.
tdg.ba al.mu4 .mu 4 : subassu il-lab-bid she
again Kinnier Wilson, Iraq 19 41:14 (SB med.). will dress herself in the garment (provided by) him
Hh. I 362.
lablau v.; 1. to put on clothing, 2. to KUmumuKU // la-ba-sd CT 41 30:13 (Alu Comm.,
clothe oneself, to provide for one's own to Tablet XLV).
clothing (litbusu), 3. to provide somebody
1. to put on clothing - a) labdsu: il-ba-as
with clothing, to cover a person with a
libsam he put on clothing (and came to look
garment, to clothe a (magic) figurine (litbusu,
like a man) Gilg. P. iii 26 (OB); in obscure
lubbusu, sulbusu), 4. nalbusu to be clothed,
context: [i/a]-na la-ba-si-im ARM 2 56:15.
robed (ceremonially), 5. to coat, to cover an
object, a building with metal, bricks (litbuu, b) labdsu in the stative - 1' to wear
lubbusu, sulbusu, nalbusu); from OA, OB on; clothing: kima subdtam la la-ab-sa-a-ku ul
wr. syll. and M 4 (MU4.Mu4 for litbusu, lubf tide do you not know that I do not have a
busu, nalbugu, italbusu); I ilbas - ilabbas - garment to put on? TCL 18 84:7, cf. lubdrki
labis, I/2 (iltabas - iltabbas and iltabis - sa la-ab-sa-a-at the clothing that you (fem.)
iltabbis), II, 11/2, III, III/2 (HSS 19 11:23), are wearing VAS 1622:15; 2 TOG.HI.A a
IV (illabbis), IV/2 (ittalbis and ittalbas); cf. la-ab-sa-at two garments which she is wearing
labbasu, labsu, libsu, litbusu, lubdsu, lubbusu, PBS 8/2 252:1, cf. ezub sa la-ab-sa-at besides
lubsu, lubustu, lubiusu, nalbdsu, taltabsu. the one (garment) she is wearing BE 6/1 101:2;
mu-u KU = la-ba-su Ea I 165, also Recip. Ea assum TUG.DUGUD U TUG.BAR.SI la DN la-ab-
E 5'; mu-u 4 KU = li-it-bu-su[m] MSL 2 p. 129 iii sa-at concerning the "heavy garment" and
6 (Proto-Ea). the headgear in which the goddess DN was
lu.KU.la = 8a kar-ra lab-su Lu IV 194; lu.
KU.1a = sa e-ri-na lab-su ibid. 197.
dressed (and which had been taken off her)
tug.gal.gal.la sed7 .de ba.an.gam : la-big TCL 11 245:2 (all OB); 1 me sdbum TUG.HI.A
subat rabuti ina kussi us(!)-mi-it he lets even a per- la-bi-is one hundred men were given clothes
son dressed in ample garments die of cold SBH p. ARM 6 39:8; la-bis-ma Sa la tine subatu
78:33f., also p. 75:5, 111 No. 58:15f., RAcc. 28 dressed in a garment (for which he had) no
ii 4f.; mu 4 .mu 4 .ra.zu.de : lab-sd-ku-t SBH
p. 75:24; ni.gal mu 4 .mu 4 : namrirri la-bis change (of clothing) STT 38:10 (Poor Man of
CT 17 3:22; [...] x mud an.mu 4 : nu'u ulap Nippur), see AnSt 6 150; lubusti (var. lubusi) la-
dame la-bid the fool is clad in a scarlet cloak bis kima Sakkan Gilg. I ii 38, cf. maska la-bis
Lambert BWL 228 iii 14, cf. tug.nig.ddra ba. ibid. X i 6; tediqi lu la-big subat baltiSu Gilg.
an.tu : ulapa la-bi-is ibid. 242 iii 18.
XI 243 and 252; kar-ru la(var. lab)-big CT 15
tig.mu mu.da.an.sig en(text URf).na an.
mu 4 .mu 4 : subati isdahfannimaadi al-tab-gd I have 46 r. 2 (Descent of Istar), var. from KAR 1 r. 2,
been stripped of my garment (in which) I was clad see also Lu IV 194 and 197, in lex. section;
up to now RA 33 104:31; ga.ba.da.an.mu4 : in dreams: awilu KUS MAS la-bi-is a man
ittisu lul-ta-bi I will dress myself together with him clad in a goatskin MDP 14 p. 51 i 18, cf. ibid.
CT 16 11 v 40f. and 52f.; mu 4 .mu 4 .ra.zu.de :
ina li-it-bu-i-ka SBH p. 121: 14f.; su.zi bi.in.ri 19-20, see also Dream-book 336 v 9ff., 337:11;
me.lam.bi an.mu 4 .mu 4 : a balummat ram t lab-d-ma kima issutri subdt kappi Gilg. VII
lit-bu-£ melamms he who wears the sheen, (who) iv 38 and CT 15 45:10; in broken context:
is clad in splendor 4R 26 No. 3: 8f. [...] sio la-bi-id (parallel: sia labim) CT 28
tug.sa5 tuig.ni.gal.la.ke(KID) bar.kul.ga
15 K. 12754:9 (unplaced Izbu fragment, see Leichty
bi.in.mu 4 : subata s&ma .ubat namrirr zumur
ellu d-lab-bid-ka CT 16 28:70f.; tig.mu mu.da. Izbu p. 197); [T1G].HII.A lab-id-ti lu hammuki
an.sig dam.a.ni mu.ni.in.mu 4 : subat1 ihu (see hammu) KAR 69 r. 15, see Biggs Saziga 77,
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labau 1c labaiu 1c
cf. (Tammuz) la-biA kusiti PSBA 31 p. 62 garments for me to put on TCL 21 210:5,
(pl. 6): 13; nahlapti sdmti la-big ZA 43 17:50; cf. 1 abarniamana li-tab-i-a luseliam BIN 4
summa amelu TUG BARA la-bit if a man 94:13, subdti a-li-tab-si-si-nasebilamma send
wears a royal robe CT 40 9 Rm. 136:14; garments for them to put on CCT 4 45b:27,
subdt nak-su la-ab-Sd-ku-ma I was dressed cf. a-li-ta-db-Si-a VAT 9237:10, kutdnam a-li-
in a torn garment AnSt 8 46 i 25 (Nbn.); tab-Si-su CCT 5 33b:10; [sdu]-ba-tdm lu ni-il5 -
forgive that [TUG gineja ar]Sdtu lab-sd-ku ta-ba-ds ICK 2 210:2; I paid six shekels of
I am dressed in my dirty everyday clothing silver for two garments amatum il5-ta-db-sa-
PRT 15 r. 4, and passim, cf. TUG ginesu arsdtu Su-nu the slave girls have put them on TCL
lab-su PRT 80 r. 1, and passim in requests for 20 164:13; siti T~TG.HI.A 4-1d-ha-db-ma il 5 -ta-
oracles. bu-Su-ni-su-nu the balance of the garments
2' referring to garments simulated in I will set aside (or: select) ahd they may wear
paint on clay figurines: [aguh]ha ina irtiSu them ICK 1 15:19 (all OA); subdtam li-il-ta-ba-
as-ma Kraus AbB 1 111:4'; istu subdti ITI.3.
la-big (see aguhhu mng. Id) MIO 1 64:13';
(two figurines) TUG.UD.1.KAM lab-zi clad KAM it-ta-ab-Su (for iltabSu) after he had worn
in everyday dress AMT 2,5:3, TUG sdma my garment for three months (he bought it
for a pittance) ibid. 34:9; subdti ulabbisuneti u
lab-Su-i RAcc. p. 133:208; seven figurines
... lubi ramaniSunu lab-sc dressed in their Jamhadi ... ulabbisu kima Jamhadi kalasunu
characteristic clothing BBR No. 46-47:16, cf.
il-ta-ab-su u wardu belija ... ul il-tab-Su they
KAR 298:2 and 33, see Gurney, AAA 22 64ff.;
provided us with garments and they (also)
iten salmu serserra ana tillisu la-bis one provided the men from Jamhad with gar-
figurine wearing red paint as a belt KAR ments, but while all the men from Jamhad
298:4, also gassa la-bid ibid. 6, kald la-bis
put the garments on, the servants of my lord
ibid. 8, etc., cf. also salam dNaruda [serserra]
had nothing to clothe themselves in ARM 2
ina tillesa lab-Sd-tu AAA 22 46 iii 2, also ibid.
76:12f., cf. u-[la-bi-si]-nu-ti idtu il-ta-ab-su
44 ii 19, and passim in this text.
ibid. 28; sarrum lulumtam il-ta-ba-as the king
puts on the lulumtu-garment RA 35 2 ii 8 (Mari
3' in transferred mng.: puluhtam lu la-ab- rit.); TUIG.BA il5-ta-ba-as ARM 10 91 r. 4; lubasa
Sa-a-ti be clothed in awesomeness VAS 10 li-il-ta-bi-[is] BE 17 34:36 (MB); al-tab-bis-ma
214 r. vi 35 (OB Agusaja), and see puluhtu; maSak l[abbim] I will put on a lion skin
la-big namurrat Bollenriicher Nergal p. 50:3, Gilg. VIII iii 7, cf. il-ta-ab-bi-iS STT 28 iii 61'
and see namurratu; la-bid melamme ibid. 9, (Nergal and Ereskigal), see AnSt 10 118; lubdra
and see melammu, see also namrirru, raSubs ukallunikkuma li-it-ba-as put on the garment
batu; ru'dmam la-ab-Sa-at clothed in love- which they offer you EA 356:32 (Adapa);
liness RA 22 170:5 and 7 (OB Istar hymn), cf. TUG.II.A ana lit-bu-Si-su sene ana SepeSu
tuqunta halpatla-bi-sathurbdsa STC 2 pl. 76:12, garments to clothe him (the ghost), shoes for
see also CT 17 3:22, in lex. section; lab-S-ku his feet Schollmeyer No. 36 r. 1 and dupls., see
na-a-ku Biggs Saziga 40:10, also ibid. 12:12, TuL p. 141:12; subdta zakd il-tab-ba-as he
cf. 39:41; exceptional: aSanSdte issida su-'- puts on a clean garment BBR No. 75-78:15, also
mu-u la-bid (see sddu A mng. Id) ABL 405 Or. NS 36 34 Sm. 810:4 (namburbi), and passim;
r. 4. TIUG.UD.U[D M]U 4 .MU 4 -af AMT 72,1 r. 27, TUG
UD.UD MU4 .MU4 -4d BBR No. 26 iii 18, also No.
4' other occ.: the whip ziqdti lab-sat
1-20:30; TUG nepese ebba MU 4 .MU4 -dS BBR
was covered with barbs Lambert BWL 44:101
No. 26 iv 36, etc., see subdtu mng. Ic; kall
(Ludlul II).
TUG.GADA MU 4 .MU 4 the kali-priests put on
c) litbuSu - 1' to put on clothing: 2 S.rin linen garments BRM 4 6:43, cf. he lies down
damqin a-na li-tab-Si-a (send here) two fine behind a door, washes with well water TUG
black garments for me to put on TCL 4 19:17; GADA EZEN MU 4.MU 4 -a puts on a festive
ana gsubite a li-tab-Ai-a a-<a>-m-im to buy linen garment CT 4 5:17, see KB 6/2 p. 44, and
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labaiu Id labaiu 3b
ebbiti ul MU 4 .MU 4 he must
passim in rits.; at-ta-al-bi-id Borger Esarh. 65:7; he shed
not put on clean (clothes) 4R 33 iii 37, and the blood of his friend subat tappesu it-ta-
passim in hemer.; [x]-li il-tab-Su ina rigi[m ... ] al-ba-da (var. ittabal) put on (variant: took
AMT 26,1:10, see JCS 9 11 D 10. away) the garment of his friend Surpu II 50.
2' in transferred mng.: mountains sa 2' other occs.: Salbatdnu ... zimu it-tal-
lit-bu-u sarurka which are covered with big AfO 18 384 ii 23 and 25 (SB lit.), see zimu
your (the Sun-god's) light Lambert BWL mng. 2.
136:174, cf. Sarirusu kala sihip Samame ...
2. to clothe oneself, to provide for one's
lit-bu-us-ma Hinke Kudurru i 15, cf. also Borger
own clothing (litbusu): itti ramaniguma il-ta-
Esarh. 91 § 61:9; Esarrasa puluhtu [lit]-bu-su
ba-as-si he (the hired man) provides for his
mall hurbdsu BMS 2:13, see Ebeling Handerhe-
clothing out of his own means CT 6 40a:12,
bung 24; Nergal ... hjalip salummati sa lit-
cf. itti dgirisu il-ta-ba-as he will clothe him-
bu-su namrirri BMS 46:15, cf. Sin, the lumi-
self at the expense of his employer CT 6
nary of heaven and earth sa lit-bu-si nam:
41a:9, also itti agiribuma il-ta-ba-ad-si CT 8
rirri Unger Bel-harran-beli-ussur 6; Istar ...
15c:12 (all OB).
dGIS.BAR lit-bu-sat melamme nasdta Streck
Asb. 78 ix 80; mursu ... lit-bu-Sd-ku kima 3. to provide somebody with clothing, to
subat I am covered with disease as with a cover a person with a garment, to clothe a
garment BMS 12:53, see von Soden, Iraq 31 87; (magic) figurine (litbusu, lubbusu, sulbuju) -
[as]amsdti <li>-it-bu-sa-at VAS 10 214 viii 19 a) litbusu: ana minim subati la ta-al-ta-ab-
(OB Agusaja). si-i-ma why have you (my mother) not
provided me with clothing? ARM 10 43:8.
d) sutalbusu : mu-u$-ta-<al>-bi-is kusiti
KAR 19:5, see Or. NS 23 211; ana epes tahazi b) lubbusu -1' referring to human beings:
su-tal(text -Ru)-bu-su pulhdti they are clad in I paid two shekels of silver for one garment
terror for doing battle TCL 3 241 (Sar.), cf. Su- 2 suhare i-ld-bi4-is and provided two boys
tal-bu-sat Saruris ibid. 169. with clothing TCL 20 164:22; TUG burd'am
damqam watram u-ld-bi4 -su BIN 4 160:12; qas
e) *nalbusu (in the perfect, used as perfect dum subatim sa PN sa ld-bu-sa-ti-ni together
to litbusu) - 1' referring to garments: with the garment of PN with which you are
libSam saniam st it-ta-al-ba-as she herself provided ICK 1 111:3; I paid ana subdtisu
put on the second wrap Gilg. P. ii 30 (OB); sa u-la-bi4-su-su for the garment with which
ina kattim lubaram at-ta-al-ba-ad-si I used I provided him CCT 5 49f: 8'; PN sa ina
to clothe myself from your (property) TLB bitija wasbuni i4-1d 4-ld-bi4-is I have not
4 79:7, cf. lubaram ta-ta-al-ba-as-si ibid. 10; provided clothing for PN, who lives in my
lubdra [il]qinissumma it-ta-al-[b]a-as they house KT Hahn 5:18, cf. ld ti-ld-bi4-is
brought him clothing and he put (it) on ibid. 15; suharti hulapam ld-bu-Sa-at KTS
(parallel litbas, see mng. Ic) EA 356:64; he 34b:17; 1 TUG ud-mu-um ... akkdrim ld-bu-
threw off his dirty garments it-tal-bi-ga(var. si-im TCL 20 161:6, and passim in OA; alkam
-is) zakutisu and put on clean ones Gilg. VI 3, ma lu-la-bi-si-ma luappirSima come, I will
cf. [subata zaka it-tal]-bis Gilg. XII 33; sarru provide her with clothing and a headcover
ebbiti la-bid rabbiti it-tal-bi-sd subatZ the Kraus AbB 1 30:23; U TUG 1 GIN KU.BABBAR
king, (already) wearing clean garments, zi-la-ab-ba-ds-su and I will provide him with
put on garments of state Craig ABRT 1 a garment worth one shekel of silver Riftin
7:13; nalbdsu it-tal-bi[g] LKA 73 r. 17, see 36:9; i-la-ba-su he (the employer) will
TuL p. 40; at-tal-bi- a siriam huliam simat provide him (the hired man) with clothing
silti dpira rdiia I put on the coat of mail, CT 6 41b:12, dumma atta lu-bu-a-ta TCL 18
I put on my head the helmet appropriate 147:13 (all OB); ma rimma ... subdtam lu-ub-
for battle OIP 2 44 v 67 (Senn.), also, with bi-id provide (the spy) with a garment im-
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labi§u 3b labagu 4a
mediately ARM 1 10:17, cf. ibid. 29:10; TUG. MU4.MU4-si you cover the sick person with
HI.A lu-ub-bi-i-i-na-ti-ma provide them a Sahh4-garment KUB 37 63:9', also Kocher BAM
(the ugbabtu-priestesses)with clothing ARM 323:94, 228:39, cf. [T]UG parsigu UD.1.KAM
10 123:19; 3 neti TUG.HI.A u-la-bi-su-ne-ti MU 4 .MU4 -i KUB 37 64a r. 9', TUG UD.1.KAM
they have provided the three of us with MU 4 .MU 4-8 Kocher BAM 202:10; [...] MU 4 .
clothing ARM 2 76:9, cf. ibid. 11, 28, 36; ga MU4-si you clothe her (the pregnant woman)
libbijaU-la-ab-ba-a4u da la libbija ul z-la-ba-as [with a ... garment] KAR 223 r. 10; subdssu
exceptionally used
ibid. 34, cf. ARM 4 74:28; iSahhat ... subata zakd Mu .MU 4-as he takes
to express plurality: 1 ME sabum TUG.HI.A off his garment and puts on a clean one LKA
la-bi-id u 3 ME ul lu-ub-bu-it ARM 6 39:9; 111 r. 5', also Or. NS 36 24:2', subdssu unakkar
PN ipallah u TUG i-la-ba-as-gu (for ulabbagsu) subdta sandmma MU4 .MU4-as he changes his
HSS 5 60:18; note ipallayhi NINDA.MES uak clothing, puts on another garment ibid. 34
kalgi u TUG ul-tab-ba-as he will treat her Sm. 810:16; TUG.HI.A zaka MU4 .MU4 -su KAR
respectfully, provide her with food and 178 r. vi 41, also, wr. MU4.MU 4-aS AMT 6,6:2
clothing HSS 19 11:23 (both Nuzi); PN Sa (both hemer.); see also lubustu mng. 3b.
taqbd lillikamma panija limur lu-lab-bi-su 2' referring to magic figurines: salma
as to PN, of whom you spoke to me, let him teppus subdta tu-la-ab-bd-su you make a
come here, let him appear before me, I will figurine and put a dress on it KUB 29 58+ i
provide him with a garment ABL 293 r. 3;
14, see ZA 45 200f., cf. TUG.GADA tu-la-ab-
aptatar ul-tab-bi-i I released (the seven <ba>-su-nu-t[i] KBo 9 50:20, also, wr. MU4 .
Assyrians kept in prison in Elam) who were MU4 -s ibid. 29; salam ... teppus masak nesi
in fetters and provided (them) with clothing MU4 .MU4 -su KAR 184 obv.(!) 5, salam andus
ABL 1430 r. 10 (both NB); his officials kusidti nanu teppus TUG.SIG MU 4 .MU 4 -Su Or. NS
la-bu-sit emirZ hurasi Saknu are clad in 40 143:20 (namburbi); salam mursi ... teppus
kusitu-garments, wear golden rings ABL ... nahlapta husanna parsiga i~makkal MU4.
473:8, 'cf.
kuzippi u-sa-bi-su
(= ultabbissu) MU 4 -SU KAR 66:9, also BBR No. 52:6, TUG
ABL 1454 r. 2, lubuti tu-lab-ba-i ABL 1013 SA5 TUG tillesU MU 4 .MU 4 -su ABL 461:3, TUG
r. 1 (all NA); lubulti(!) birme kite 4-lab-bi-su UD.1.KAM tu-[lab-ba-su] ibid. 5 (NB); note
I gave him a linen garment with multicolored referring to a painted-on garment: [IM].
trimmings Winckler Sar. pl. 45 F 10; meranute SIG7 .siC, tu-la-[ab-ba-as] AAA 22 54 iii 58;
lubustu 4-lab-bis-ma I provided the naked sfG.iUZ MU 4 .MU 4 -SU you put goat hair on it
with clothing Borger Esarh. 25:27, cf. 94:35; (the figurine of a dog) Or. NS 36 1:16; sahar
[... ] -lab-ba-i-u ibid. 110 Fragm. A 2; lu subbd ki lubdri li-la-ab-bi-su-ma may he
bultu birme u-lab-bi-su-ma I gave him a (Sin) cover him with leprosy as with an (all-
garment with multicolored trimmings (and enveloping) garment 1R 70 iii 19 (Caillou
a golden chain, golden rings) Streck Asb. Michaux), cf. BBSt. No. 11 iii 4, also gimir
14 ii 10, also, with i-lab-bi ibid. 20 ii 93,
lanisu li-lab-bid-ma BBSt. No. 7 ii 17, VAS 70
U-lab-bi-su-nu-ti ibid. 30 iii 92; in lit.: she took v 11, pagarsu li-la-bi-is-ma MDP 2 pl. 23 vi
off (one of) her garment(s) idtinam U-la-ab- 51, wr. li-le-bi-gd zumurSu BBSt. No. 8 iv 9.
bi-iA-gu she put one on him (and the second
on herself) Gilg. P. ii 28 (OB); u-lab-bi-su-ka c) SulbuSu: subdtam su-ul-bi-is-su s[ub]ds
lubSi rabd Gilg. VII iii 38; TUG 1HU.A lu-ib- tam u4-a-al-bi-su-ma iddiamma ittalkam (you
bis-su CT 15 47 r. 49 (Descent of Itar); 4-la- said) "Give him a garment" - I gave him a
ba-a, ummdnam I (the date palm) provide garment, but still he left me and went off
clothing for people Lambert BWL 156 r. 5 (OB); OECT 3 66:20f. (OB let.); Sin [... saharub;
rabid 4-lab-bi-94 (Sum. destroyed) PBS 12/1 bd] li-gal-bis-su-ma may Sin cover him with
7:26; in broken contexts: [a lab]-bu-su-u-ni leprosy AfO 16 43:31 (NB).
ZA 52 226:5, cf. ZA 51 136:32 (NA cultic 4. nalbusu to be clothed, robed (ceremo-
comm.); in rit. texts: marsa TUaG.SI.HA nially) - a) referring to images: Tagritu
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lab5au 4b labau 5b
UD.I.KAM Enlil Ea u it Uruk il-lab-bi-' 23:5 (Tigl. III); exceptionally, referring to an
on the first day of Taritu, Enlil, Ea and the object: kincinu nbihi il-lab-bid the brazier
(other gods) of Uruk will be robed RAcc. 89:1, is wrapped in a sash BRM 4 25:46 and dupl.
cf. UD.6.KAM Adad Samas ... MU 4 .MU 4 -' SBH p. 144:12 and 22.
ibid. 6.
5. to coat, to cover an object, a building
b) referring to priests, gods, the king, etc.: with metal, bricks (litbusu, lubbugu, Julbudu,
sarru ... tillesu ebbitu il-lab-b[is] the king nalbusu) - a) litbusu (stative only): dappi
will be robed in his clean attire RAcc. 114:16; ereni sa kaspa lit-bu-gi cedar boards which
sdipu subatu samu il-lab-bis the exorcist will were coated with silver OIP 2 133: 85, and pas-
be robed in a red garment ABL 24:14, cf. sim with zahali in Senn., see zahalu usage b-1';
dsipu ... nahlapta samta ihhallap subata (the dais made of kiln-fired bricks) zahalu
sama il-lab-big BBR No. 26 ii 9, also i 26; TUG. lit-bu-s4 coated with zahali-silver Borger
UD.UD il-lab-bi KAR 141 r. 20 (NA rit.), see Esarh. 87 r. 2; Jubat musukkanni ... adi kir:
TuL p. 90; UD.18.KAM AN.MA il-lab-bi-is on zappi hurdsi russi lit-bu-ds the seat of
the 18th day (of the ritual performed in musukkannu-wood with its footstool coated
Kislimu) he will be robed in the nalbas same with reddish gold ibid. 84 r. 39, also AAA 20
Thompson Rep. 151 r. 9, see Weidner, AfO 7 116, 84:72 (Asb.), cf. (a bed of musukkannu-wood)
cf. nalbas ut kit? il-la-ab-[su] RA 45 173:52 [sa pasal]lu lit-bu-sat which is covered with
(OB lit.), see von Soden, Or. NS 26 320; this gold Thompson Esarh. pl. 14 i 47 (Asb.), also
refers to the lord a ultu MN adi MN 2 mi-e Streck Asb. 148 x 38, 300 iv 14 note m, cf. also
qa-ni x [.. .] dLahmu il-lab-bi-si who, from AfK 2 98:3 (Asb.).
MN to MN 2 [... ] .... (and) is clothed [in the
b) lubbu1u - 1' referring to buildings:
... ]of a lahmu-monster AfO 17 313 B Comm. 6,
lubusti kima simatisina restdtu u-lab-bis
comm. on a namrzr litbugu ibid. 6; galamdhu
I coated them (the esmari-mounted cedar
... TUG lubdr DUg-ma [TUG ... ] u TUG sad-ra
lulimu-doors) with a very fine coating as
il-lab-bis (when) the galamahu (wrapped in
befitted them VAB 4 282 viii 54 (Nbn.); repre-
a linen lubdru and with a band of fine wool
sentations of wild bulls pitiq ere eptiqma tiri
on his head sits down at the kettledrum) the
hurdsi 4-lab-big I cast in bronze and coated
lubaru-garment is taken from him and he is
with a layer of gold PBS 15 79 i 57 (Nbk.);
clothed in [... ] and an ordinary garment
tupsikkdti hurdsa u kaspa lu l-la-bi-id-ma
UVB 15 p. 40:15'; ina TUG nibihu qableu rakis
I coated carrying baskets with gold and
lubdr il-lab-big he wears around his waist a
silver VAB 4 62 ii 70 (Nabopolassar); in broken
nibihu-sash and is robed with the lubdru-
context: [...] hurdsa i-lab-bi-sc ABL 1222
garments ibid. r. 7', cf. lubustu arri sa ina
r. 20 (NB); I made a city wall ana [sihirtiu]
sabdt qdte ildni il-lab-bis the attire with
u-la-ab-bi-is-su and provided it with a
which the king is clad during the (ceremony
revetment all around AOB 1 34:9 (AsSur-bel-
of) guiding the gods ibid. r. 8'; [UD].X.KAM
nisesu), cf. dura Sat[u] RN abima u-la-bi-is-su
sa MN d(!)EN il-lab-bis ABL 956 r. 4 (coll. K.
enahma ibid. 86:33 (Adn. I); agar ikSer agar
Deller), cf. Nabi it-tal-[bis] ABL 338 r. 2;
u-la-bi-i[s] in some places he repaired (the
uncert.: [lu]-ub-bu-si ... il-la-bi-is STT 28
wall), in others he provided it with a revet-
ii 46', see AnSt 10 114 (Nergal and Ereskigal);
ment ibid. 37.
(the dreams in which) NINDA (la> NU.ZU
dtakkalu TUGNU.ZU al-lab-[Su] I ate strange 2' other occs.: kdrum tuppija lu-la-bi-iS-ma
food, was dressed in strange attire Dream- let the kdru pack my tablets (in a container)
book p. 341 K.5175+ right col. 9', see ibid. p. 301 MVAG 35/3 No. 325:38 (OA); you make a reed
n. 205; am~lu masakk amili li-la-big people tube (GIS.GI.oGD) TUG.JHI.A tu-la-ba-d ana
should be clad in human skin Wiseman duburriSu tabakkan cover it with cloth and
Treaties 451; TUlG saqqu il-la-bis Iraq 13 put it into his (the patient's) rectum Kocher
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labaiu 5c libatu
BAM 104:20, cf. AMT 96,6:3; KU§ GIA lammu radiance AfO 19 62:39; pulhassu gul-bu-gat
4-lab-bu-Su they cover the .... -wood with gaddni his awe-inspiring sheen covers the
a hide KAR 33:20 (NA rit.). mountains Or. NS 36 124:132 (SB lit.); ugum
galle nadratipulhdti u-Sal-bis-ma she (Tiamat)
c) Sulbusu - 1' referring to buildings and
covered terrible dragons with awe-inspiring
objects: mu-sa-al-bi-is warqim gigune Aja
(see gigund) CH ii 26, cf. (in broken context)
splendor En. el. I 137 and parallels, cf. PSBA 20
157 r. 10 (SB lit.).
lu U4-al-bi-[is] 5R 33 iii 31 (Agum-kakrime);
a eSret kullat mAziaz misamma kaspa d) nalbusu: kima subdti na-al-bu-sd-ku
hurdsa u4-al-bi-ju who covered the shrines I (the horse) am covered as with a garment
of all cities with gold and silver (to make Lambert BWL 178 r. 4 (SB fable); he must
them shine) like the sunlight (umisamma not eat either meat or onions saharubbd il-
error for umid?) Borger Esarh. 80:38; the lab-big (vars. i-lab-big, i-la-bi-is) Iraq 23
baldachin of musukkannu-wood hurdsa rugs 90:6, var. from KAR 177 r. iii 21 and Iraq 21
sa [... ] zu-sal-bis Thompson Esarh. pl. 14 i 34 48:11, and passim in hemer.; obscure: il-la-
(Asb.), igadrteSu u4-al-bi-S4d urdsa kaspa big nu-u-ri MVAG 21 86 ii 22, cf. il-la-big
ibid. i 16; papdha ... hurdsu namru 4-Sa-al- IZI.GAR ibid. 26 (Kedorlaomer text).
bi-is-ma unammir kima um VAB 4 72 i 51, The stem labsu is attested as a finite verb
and passim in Nbk., note the elaboration: only in Gilg. P. iii 26 (perhaps to be emended
papdha DN ... sippusu sigarusu u giskanak to il-<ta>-ba-as), see mng. la, otherwise only
kiZu hjurdsai4-a-al-bi-iS ibid. 90 i 37; kaspa the statives labis, labbat, etc., occur. To put
hurdsa igaratisuu4-al-bis-ma usanbit sasdanis on clothing thus seems to be expressed by
I coated its (the temple's) walls with gold litbusu (reflexive), the transitive meaning
and silver, making them shine like the sun "to clothe" by lubbudu and only rarely,
VAB 4 222 ii 13 (Nbn.); erene dannuti hurasa mostly in the meaning "to coat, cover," by
i4-a-al-bi-is-ma ana sulul ... uSatris ibid. sulbuu. The passive stem nalbusu is used
74 ii 3, and passim in Nbk.; paissr takne ... mainly for ceremonial "vesting." The perfect
hurdsa namri 4-Sa-al-bi-is ibid. 164 B vi 17 of the reflexive litbusu is ittalbag, just as
(Nbk.), cf. (said of a table) esmard ebbu iz-al- mithuru has as perfect ittamhar. Since labdu
bi KAV 171:7 and 25 (Sin-Aar-iskun); mus occurs with both stem vowels a and i, it is
hbuSd ert ... tiri kaspi ebbi ui-ga-al-bi-iS-ma possible to take logographic writings MU4 .
... usziz I provided copper muSBhui- MU 4 -ad as iltabbag (present of 1/2) and not as
representations with a coating of shining *ultabbas which is not attested, except-as
silver and set (them) up at the gate VAB 4 an error-in HSS 19 11:23, see mng. 3b-1'.
210 i 28 (Ner.), cf. muBhude sdriri zi-Sal-big The form dutalbudu (see mng. Id) is used as
ibid. 156 A v 24 (Nbk.); doors erenamru z-d- a poetic word.
al-bi-is-ma ibid. 242 i 11, cf. kussi sarrutija von Soden, Or. NS 24 384ff.
kaspi ebbi uz-gal-big
ibid. 282 viii 43 (both Nbn.),
also same musukkanni ... hurdsa ruSsa
d -a- labatu s.; (a cereal preparation); OB.*
al-bi-is-ma abne nisiqti uza'in ibid. 164 B 3 SLA ana la-ba-ti (beside tappinnu and
vi 13 (Nbk.); Sallarusu hurdsu ruSSd kima siqu flour) Edzard Tell ed-Der 153:7, also ibid.
gassi u kupri uqntd u parutu ... u4-Sa-al-bi-is 156:5, wr. la-ba-[t]i[m] ibid. 155:15.
I coated (the chapel) with reddish gold It cannot be established whether labatu is
(using) lapis lazuli and white marble instead the pl. of laptu B, q.v.
of gypsum and bitumen paint as its plaster **labatu (AHw. 524b) see HSS 5 97:8, 98:10
ibid. 124 ii 50 (Nbk.); for the decoration of the
and 12, cited labdnu A mng. la.
cabin of the sacred boat, see zaratu mng. Ic.
labtu see lapatu.
2' other occs.: DN ... ,alummatu u-al-
b[ii-ka] DN covered you (Marduk) with l1batu see labbatu.
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labatu labbu A
labatu s.; (a plant); lex.* labbibu adj.; raging (name of a dagger);
T.MU§EN = Sam-me is-su-ri = la-zuba-t[u] Hg. D syn. list*; cf. labbu A.
224, also Hg. B III 196; i la-ba-tu : v is-.ur tu- ariru, lab-bi-bu = pat(text ar)-rum Malku III 8f.
ba-q[i] Uruanna III 418; 7 MU§EN : (7 is-sur-ri t
la-ba-tu, [j la-ba-t]u : T is-sur-ri ibid. II 150f.; labbinu s.; (a wasp); SB*; cf. labdnu A.
(T la-ba-ti : 4[...] Kocher Pflanzenkunde 28 ii 46,
with comm. U la-ba(text -pi)-ti [...] CT 41 45 nim.im.ma = lab-bi-nu Nabnitu E 193.
BM 76487:12 (Uruanna comm.). NIM lab-bi-ni ina kiSddigu tagakkan you
place a 1. around his neck CT 23 41 ii 1, cf.
labbanu see alappanu. MNM lab-bi-ni (among materia medica)
Kichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 60.
labbaSu adj.; fitted out; NA, NB; cf. The name "brick maker" fits a kind of
labdsu. wasp that makes its nest of (dried) mud.
6 lab-ba-s4-te 208 4a UD.MES naphar 215
LU.ERIN.MES sa PN nassanni six fitted-out labbi3 adv.; like a lion; SB; cf. labbatu,
men, 208 who (work solely during the) day(?), labbu s.
in all 214(!) men whom PN brought ADD a) in hist.: ina uggat libbija ummdndt
696:1, cf. 8 lab-ba-si-te 96 sa UD.MES naphar Assur gapSdti adkema lab-big annadirma ana
104(!) LT.ERiN.MES ibid. 5, also (grand total) ka dd mdtdti sdtina agtakan panija in the
14 lab-ba-sc-te ibid. r. 3; bit PN LIj la-ab-ba-Sa anger of my heart I set in motion the mighty
VAS 15 43:5 (NB). armies of Assur, and, raging like a lion, set
It is uncertain whether the ref. from the out to conquer those lands Winckler Sar. pl.
Seleucid text and those from the NA text 31:40, cf. la-ab-bis annadirma allabib abbiS
belong together. OIP 2 51 i 25, also ibid. 50 i 16 (Senn.); la-ab-
bi-is annadirma issarih kabatti I became as
labbatu (labatu) s.; lioness; OAkk., OB, angry as a lion, my mood became furious
SB; cf. labbiS, labbu s. Borger Esarh. 43 i 57.
dLa-ba-tu = 14-tar 9a lallarate CT 24 41:83 (list b) in lit.: sarijamdti ul ittahlipu la-big
of gods), of. dLa-ba-tum = [...] CT 25 17 ii 22. i-lab-[bu-bu(?)] they were not clothed in
ini ipah libbaSa la-ba-tu Eddar she leather armor, raging(?) like lions Tn.-Epic
calmed down, her heart quieted down, the "iii" 39; ilakkid lab-big rabi ahi uruhSu the
lioness, Istar RA 15 181 vi 24 (OB Agusaja); first-born son goes his way like a lion Lambert
DN paSu ipusamma izzakkar ana la-ba-tim BWL 84:247 (Theodicy); lab(var. la)-bi-is ta:
Itar Enlil opened his mouth and spoke to dannin you will become as strong as a lion
the lioness, Istar CT 15 6 vii 5 (OB lit.), cf. Syria 33 18 ii 3.
la-ba-tu In-nin-na PBS 1/1 2:54; sipiZtu labbu A adj.; withered(?); lex.*; cf.
la-ab-bat Igigi mukanniSat ili Sabsiti the lababu B.
famous one, the lioness among the Igigi, who
gis.gigimmar.libig .bur.ra, gis.gisimmar.
subdues the angry gods STC 2 pl. 77:31, see libis.hab.ba, gi§.gigimmar.libis.gi4.a, gil.
Ebeling Handerhebung 132, cf. la-ba-at uz-za-at giiimmar.libis.ug5.ga, gis.giSimmar.libis.
Craig ABRT 2 16:15, [.. .] du-un-na-at DINGIR gaz.za, gi3.gigimmar.libis.ri.ri.ga, gi§.
la-ab-ba-ta (incipit of a song) KAR 158 i 13; giSimmar.libis.g(i.gar.ra = la-ab-bi (Gk.: tai-
gap hXepe p~opato first entry) Hh. III 294ff.; gis.
note in personal and divine names: Si-la- gisimmar.libii.bu.ra, gii.gisimmar.libis.
ba-at (personal name) MAD 1 p. 219 s.v.,
cf. gaz.za, gig.giiimmar.peg.gi 4 .a, gig.
URU Kar-Si-la-bat Peiser Urkunden 127:3 gigimmar.pe§.ug5.ga, gil.gidimmar.pe.ri.
(MB), also dSi-la-b&t RAcc. 114:12, dSi-la- ri.ga, giS.gigimmar.peb.bab.ba, giS.
ba-at Ugaritica 5 No. 119:153 gisimmar.pes.gi.gar.ra = la-a[b-bu] Nabnitu
and dupl., and
C 160ff.; gil.ba.na.gi immar = lab-bi [(x)] Hh.
see labbu A s. usage e. III 396.
Attested only as epithet of Istar. Landsberger Date Palm p. 15.
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labbu B labbu
labbu B adj.; raging; lex.*; cf. labdbu A. ikkimu salamtu they cannot snatch a carcass
[. .. ] = la-ab-bu (between Samru and [n]eru) from the mouth of a savage lion Cagni Erra
CT 19 2 K.4256 r. i 15' (Erimhus b). V 11; [ina] rimmatija igruru nimri mid:
labbu (lab'u,Idbu) s.; lion; from OAkk. on; dini la-a-bu-lu sranir at the sound of my
of. labbatu, labbiS, labbu in zumbi labe. (the dog's) howling, panthers, middinu-
[pi]-ri PIRIG = ni-e-s[u], la-bu-t S a Voc. L 4'f.;
animals, lions, (and) wildcats run away
pi-rig PIRIG = la-[bu] Idu II 220; u-ug PIG = Lambert BWL 192:23 (SB fable), cf. libba sa
la-bu A III/4:73; tG = lab-bi, ni-e-s Hh. XIV la-bi-im-ma (in broken context) ibid. 180:24;
124f.; iYG.tur= mi-ra-nu lab-bi ibid. 134; [PIRIG]. 7 la-ab-ba simat ilutisu ismissu he harnessed
TUR = la-bu-um Proto-Diri 569; la-bu = pirig for her (Istar) the seven lions, symbol of her
CBS 8538:18' (App. to Malku V); ni-im Nfc = sd
UR.NGf gir-ru [//] la-bu A III/6:1; [la-ab] [KAL] =
divinity VAB 4 276 iii 31 (Nbn.); Istar of
Ad YR.KAL la-ab-bu A IV/4:301, Ea IV 307; ur = Uruk sa sandati 7 la-ab-bu who drives seven
la-[bu] A VII/2:97; ur = lab-bu (var. la-a-bu), lions VAB 4 274 iii 15 (Nbn.), cf. (who drives?)
ni-e-si Hh. XIV 62 f.; [...] = la-[bu] Nabnitu lab-bi na-a[d-ru]-te BA 5 650 No. 15:20, cf.
C 154.
su(var. usu).mah sag.pirig.ga(var. .ug.ga)
also lab-bi nadrutisa Istar sunu BBR No. 51:7,
dEn.lil.la(var..le) ne.ni.Se tu.da.me.en (var.: [sum is]ten lab-bu nadru ibid. 5.
su ii.tu.ud.da.me.en) : emuqan sirati zim la-a-be
9a Enlil ina emuqiZu uldusu ankcu I, whom Enlil b) in comparisons: kima lab-bi nadri sa
engendered in his (full) strength, am (endowed
with) supreme strength (and) a lion's appearance puluhtu ramd etellis attallakma I marched
(Sum.: a lion's head) Angim IV 10, cf. zag. (through Urartu) proudly, like a raging,
pirig.ga : emiq la-ab-bi (var. la-bi) Lugale I 11; terror-laden lion TCL 3 420 (Sar.); utta'ar ki
pirig su(!).zi.ga : <la>-ab-bu nadru CT 16 lab-bi (var. kima la-bi) leqi uz[za] he (Anzfi)
19:21f.
roared like a lion, filled with rage RA 48 147 i
lab-bu = ni-Au Malku V 56, see MSL 8/2 75.
38 (Epic ofZu), var. from RA 46 94:3 (OB version);
a) in gen.: Ser'dn ld-db-i-im turammi she iziqqa ana ahame kima tisbut la-bi (the
(Lamastu) paralyzed the muscles of the warriors) rush at each other like lions engaged
lion BIN 4 126:21 (OA inc.); ger bili la-ba in combat Tn.-Epic "ii" 42; summa alakti la-bi
Aa tahsusu gana bitru now consider the illik if he walks with the gait of a lion (with
lion, the foe of cattle, whom you mentioned the explanation Sa ina alakisu IGI-s4 usah:
Lambert BWL 74:61 (Theodicy), cf. the shep- hapu he .... -s his face when he walks)
herds wept sa la-ab-bi ik-[...] whose [flocks] Kraus Texte 22 iv 14; summa ubanu kima
lions have [eaten(?)] Bauer Asb. 2 87 r. 8; uzun la-bi-ma if the "finger" (of the liver) is
ilqe kakkaSu la-bi ugerri issakpu re'd misidti like a lion's ear Boissier Choix 45:3ff. (SB
he took his weapon (and) attacked the lions ext.); summa qdte la-bi akin if he has
(so that) the shepherds could rest at night the paws of a lion (explained as Ser'dnic
Gilg. P. iii 29 (OB), cf. ibid. 32, cf. also ishit ina muhhi qdte ma'dd there are many veins
kama la-bu Gilg. Y. iv 17 (OB); ina seri agri (standing out) on (his) hands) Kraus Texte
rapSi la-ab-bi nadriti ilitti hurSdni ezziiti 24:21, cf. Summa su.si la-bi akin if he has
itbini ilmi narkabta rukib sarruitija on the lion's fingers ibid. 22 iii 7, cf. also summa pan
vast expanse of the plain ferocious lions, the la-bi akin if he has a lion's face ibid. 13:7
raging mountain-bred creatures, attacked me and dupl. 16 i 7, CT 28 29 r. 22.
and surrounded the chariot, my royal vehicle
Streck Asb. 308 e 3, cf. (in broken context) ibid. c) in metaphoric use - 1' applied to gods:
214:10; [iltabbi}] ma ki lab-bi-im-ma irappud ina same rimdku ina erseti lab-ba-ku(var. -ka)
s[era] he will clothe himself with the skin of in the heavens I am a wild ox, on earth I am
a lion and will roam over the steppe Gilg. a lion Cagni Erra I 107; dlr-ni-ni-i-tum la-ab-
VII iii 48; aggu la-bu da itakkalu dumuq Sir[i] bu nadru libbaki linii~a Irninitum, raging
(see aggu usage b) Lambert BWL 74:50 (The- lion, may your heart find calm STC 2 pl. 79:51,
odicy); ina pi lab-bi (var. la-bi) nd'iri ul see Ebeling Handerhebung 132; la-bu-um Anum
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labbu labIris
VAS 10 215:17, see ZA 44 32;
section and zimu mng. Id.
see also lex.
of Assur): a kisalli sa E
b) in bit labbuni (a part of the temple
la-bu-ni (brick)
from the courtyard of the 1.-house AOB 1 106
2' applied to kings: lab-ba-ku u zikardku
No. 26:6 (Adn. I); bit sahiru a pan E la-bu-ni
I am a lion and a warrior AKA 265 i 33 (Asn.),
sa RN abZ ... epusu the ahairu-house in
also KAH 2 84:15 (Adn. II); lab-bu nadru mutir
front of the 1.-house which my father Tukulti-
gimil abi dlidisu (Esarhaddon) raging lion,
Ninurta had built AfO 18 351:52, cf. ibid.
who avenged his own father Borger Esarh.
352:54, cf. also E la-bu-ni sa putisu ina butni
96:24, cf. 97 r. 13.
istu ussesu adi gabadibbesu arsip I built the
d) in representations: . qaqqad lab-bi 1.-house in front of it with terebinth wood
nadrute surrusin asdnimma the heads of from its foundation to its parapet ibid. 63,
ferocious lions protrude from their (the cf. also (in broken context) KAH 2 67:2 (all
shields') centers TCL 3 371 (Sar.), cf. sa sihar Tigl. I); deerua dKippat-mdti dTasmetu ina
sepesina sukbusa lab-bi nadrite (protective ekalli illaka ina lab-bu-ni ussaba DN, DN,
genii) the soles of whose feet rest on ferocious and DN 3 go into(?) the palace, sit down in
lions ibid. 375, cf. also ina sapla kussi la-b[e the 1.-house Speleers Recueil 308:5, cf. ina
i-r]ab-[bi-su] lions were lying at the foot of pi E dla-bu-ni at the entrance to the 1.-house
the throne Iraq 31 14:11 (Etana), cf. ibid. 12. MVAG 41/3 14 ii 45 (MA rit.); La-bu-ni-ia (per-
sonal name) KAJ 14:6, and passim in MA, see
e) in personal names: i-la-ba, Istar-la-ba, Ebeling, MAOG 13 56.
etc. (OAkk.), see Gelb, MAD 3 159f., for OA,
OB, and Mari names see Gelb, MAD 22 147f., As the divine det. in the MA rit. indicates,
and see labbatu. the labbunu was a construction or object
used in the cult, and the bit labbuni the
f) as a mythological beast: 3 sandti 3 complex that housed it.
arhi lma u misa sa lab-bi illaku damisu for Weidner, AfO 18 355.
three years and three months, day and night,
the blood of the 1. flowed CT 13 34 r. 9, and *labbuttu see labbunu.
passim in this text. labertu see labirtu.
Labbu is a poetic word for lion, contrasted
laberu see labiru.
with the more common nesu.
In ZA 51 140:76 read kalbi, see Hunger Kolo- labianu see labanu.
phone No. 291.
Landsberger Fauna p. 76 and n. 6. labinu (lebinu) s.; brickmaker; NB; pl.
lebinu; cf. labdnu A v.
labbu in zumbi labe s.; (an insect, lit. sig 4 .du 8 .du 8 = la-bi-in libitti Lu IV 380;
"lion fly"); lex.*; cf. labbu s. lu.sig4 .dug.du = la-bi-in libitti Hh. II 349.
nim.zd.ra.ah, nim.ku.ku = NIM la-bi-e
Uruanna III 220f., in MSL 8/2 60. 5 le-bi-in libitt[i] sa ... libitti ilabbin five
brickmakers who make the brick(s) GCCI 1
labbuku see lubbuku. 141:5; PAP 3 LTf le-bi-ni-e in all, three
labbunu s.; (a stand or pedestal); MA, brickmakers (after list of names) RT 19
104:4.
NA; pi. labbundte.
For refs. to the participle in other than
a) in gen.: 2 GIS.X.MES kaspi lab-bu-na-te nominalized use see labdnu A v.
sa NU.ME two silver .... -s, pedestals(?) for
images(?) (followed by silver potstands, in a labirit adv.; for a long time; OB; cf.
list of temple furnishings) Iraq 23 33 ND labru v.
2490+ :9, cf. GIs lab-bu-na-te (in broken con- adium eqlim sa PN sa itu la-bi-ri-i ikkalu
text, dealing with building activities) ABL ina libbi eqlisu labiri ... x A. A sukissu
120 r. 13 (both NA). ididsu concerning the field of PN that he has
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labirtu labiru
had for use since a long time ago, give him x the sending of PN to Babylon together with
land for sustenance from that old field of his x gur of barley for linseed and x minas of
OECT 3 43:6; SIPA.ME§ Sunu ittilSunu ina silver, his outstanding debt LIH 33:7, cf.
la-bi-ri-is A.§A.HI.A sabtu two thirds of these qadum x §E.GUR- u X MA.NA KIT.BABBAR
herdsmen have been holding fields for a LIBIR-U ibid. 4 and 23, see Kraus Edikt p. 158
long time BIN 7 8:6, cf. ibid. 12. (all OB).
labirtu (labertu) s.; 1. status or possession 3. past times: Se ~imim u takitim kima
of long standing, 2. debt outstanding, mikis la-bi-ir-tim immakkus the barley
3. past times; OB, RS; wr. syll. and LIBIR (owed) due to sales and business transactions
(LIH 33:23); cf. labaru v. will be collected according to the tax of
1. status or possession of long standing: earlier times Kraus Edikt § 13':4; kima istu
eqlum la-bi-ir-ta-su ana eqlis u se'isu mam la-bi-ir-tim biti naptarija isam u ahitam la
kullumu ul tide do you not know that ever
man la itehhi the field is his long-held posses-
sion, nobody shall have a claim on his field since earlier times the calling up (for normal
or on his barley UCP 9 314 No. 25:31, cf. ana corvee work) and (the claiming of) additional
A.§A la-bi-ir-tim udabbabu TLB 4 91 r. 9; work have not been applied to my nap
summa eqel bit a[bisu] la-bi-ir-ta-Su nadiatma taru-estate? CT 4 29c:1; sab eqlim Sa ana
mamman la sabit if the field of his paternal dipir libbi eqlim istu la-bi-ir-ti sarrum iddinu
estate, his long-held possession, lies fallow the agricultural workers whom the king has
and is not held by anybody TCL 7 51:21, designated for the work on the field since
cf. OECT 3 28:8; qadum SukussiSunu la-bi- bygone days PBS 7 116:20 (both OB letters);
ir-tim idisunuim give them (x land) in ultu la-be-er-ti sar Ugarit u ar Sijanni
addition to their subsistence field, the old istennutu unu for a long time the king of
holding TCL 7 2:13, cf. x Sukuss la-bi-ir- Ugarit and the king of Sijannu have been
tur BIN 7 25:5, also ina la-bi-ir-ti-Su ... as one MRS 9 80 RS 17.382+ :3, parallel ibid.
mullisu OECT 3 34:6; it was found in the 71 RS 17.335+ :3; aldnu annzitu a la-be-er-ti
document kima ERfN.GI.iL sU-u la la-bi-ir- [a-n]a Ugarit sunu since times long past
ta(!)-su-nu that this (corvee work of the) bas- these cities have belonged to Ugarit ibid. 64
ket carrier is not an old obligation of theirs RS 17.237:12, cf. dldnu anniti ina la-be-e[r-ti
Fish Letters 13:14 (all OB letters); [ilik la-bi- a-na] Ugarit [unu] ibid. 77 RS 17.368:8; note,
ir-t]im ul illak he does not have to do corv6e exceptionally referring to the future: ana
work on the field of the old holding Kraus la-bi-ir-ti ula ikeSSeru (he who) does not
Edikt § 17':19, for other refs., see ilku A repair (this tomb) for a long time Langdon
mng. 4a. Kish 1 pl. 34 No. 2 ii 4 (MB?).
Kraus Edikt 158ff.
2. debt outstanding: um x KU.BABBAR
la-bi-ir-tam ubbalam amassu itarru the day labiru (laberu, labru, fem. labirtu, labertu,
he brings x silver, the remaining debt, he labiStu) adj.; 1. old, ancient, past, remote
can take away his slave girl Waterman Bus. (said of buildings, temples, city walls, ruins,
Doc. 74 r. 1; x barley SU.TI.A PN KI PN2 a- gods, kings and historical persons), tradi-
na la-bi-ir-ti-Su received by PN from PN, tional, customary, established (said of cus-
for his outstanding debt YOS 12 68:5, toms, offerings, measures), inherited, owned
cf. x dates ina ribbat (LA+NI) la(!)-bi-ir-tim for a long time, native, old (said of trusted,
harsu are deducted from the arrears of the faithful, old retainers, long-time residents,
outstanding debt YOS 12 110:3, cf. x GUN etc.), 2. old (as opposed to new), original,
urt x OUN sissinnatum la-bi-ir-ta-u inaddin previous, former, 3. old (as opposed to fresh),
VAS 13 18a r. 9; aSSum ... PN ... qadum x aged, stale, rancid, used (said of objects),
SE.GURI a fGamaammiZ u x MA.NA KiJ.BABBAR worn (said of garments), 4. old, abandoned,
la-bi-[ir-til-u ana GN taradim concerning ruined (said of private buildings); from OA,
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labiru la labiru la
OB on, Akkadogram in Hitt.; labru Borger buildings, temples, city walls, ruins: bitum
Esarh. 94 r. 6; wr. syll. and SUMUN, LIBIR(.RA), ... sa ina qaqqar ].MA§.MA§ bitim la-bi-ri da
for cryptograms see mng. 2b-1'; cf. labaru v. RN ipusu inahma the temple which is in the
BAD = la-bi-i-rum (var. la-bi-ru-um) Proto- area of Emasmas, the ancient temple that
Izi 167; su-mu-un BAD = la-bi-i-rum MSL-3 218 Maniitusu had built, had become dilapidated
v 14 (Proto-Ea), cf. su-mu-un BAD = la-be-ru AAA 19 105 i 9 (Samsi-Adad I); ina umisuma
Ea II 79; ti-il BAD = la-ba-a-[ru], la-bi-e-[ru], E hiburni la-bi-ra a Barrdni abbauja ina pana
a
su-un BAD = MIN S Voc. V 3'-5', parallel Sa Voc.
U 11'-13'; BAD, libir.ra = la-bi-ru Igituh short
epuSu ... aqqur at that time I tore down
version 63f., cf. [libir].ra, [BAD] = la-bi-ru the old hiburnu-house which my royal fore-
Igituh I 44f.; [l]i-bi-i[r] t = la-be-[el-ru Sa Voc. fathers had built in the past AOB 1
N 27', li-bir t = la-be-r[u], la-ba-r[u] Diri II 129f., 134:27 (Shalm. I), cf. durSu la-be-ru unak;
cf. r = la-bi-rum Proto-Diri 104e; [nig].sum un, kir AKA 296 ii 3 (Asn.), also AfO 18 351:54
[nig.libi r.r]a = [lal-bi-r[u-um] Nigga Bil.
B 23f.; [da.r]i = la-bi-ru = (Hitt.) 6-iz-za pa- (Tigl. I), see also esu usage a; temenSu la-
a-an Izi Bogh. A 269. bi-ri Sa arrukin Sarru mahri ipusu dmurma
su-gi-in GI.BAD = su-gi-nu, nu-ta-pu, GIs la-be-ru I searched for its ancient foundation that
Diri II 312ff.; gii.u-muBAD = is-su la-bi-ru Sargon, a former king, had constructed
Hh. VI 63, [gi].BAD = GI la-bi-ru Hh. VIII 223c,
dug.BAD, dug.libir.ra = la-bir-tum (var. la-be-
(referring to Ebabbar at Sippar) CT 34 23:15
ir-tu) Hh. X 44f., cf. dug.kir.BAD, dug.kir. (Nbn.); eli temenna la-bi-ri ,a Ur-Nammu u
libir.ra = la-bir-td Hh. X 170f.; gib.ma.BAD, Sulgi mdrusu ipuSu ziqqurrat sudti kima la-bi-
gi.mA.libir.ra = (karpatum) la-bir-tum Hh. IV ri-im-ma ina kupri u agurri bataqiu asbatma
288f.; t6g.bil = e4-4o, tug.BAD, tug.libir.ra = over the ancient foundation that RN and
la-bi-ru Hh. XIX 205ff.
na 4 .kisib.libir.ra nu.pad : MIN(= ku-nu-ka) his son RN 2 had constructed, I repaired this
la-be-ra ul i-ta he did not find the old document temple tower with baked bricks set in asphalt
Ai. VI iv 13, parallel Hh. II 92; e.libir.ra iz.zi. (to make it) as it was in the past VAB 4 250
diri.ga SIG 4.BAD an.dub.us.e : bita la-be-ra i 21 (Nbn.); temenna Eanna la-be-ri ahit
igara 9a i-qu-up-pu imda im-mi-id he will provide
abrema eli temennisa la-be-ri ukin u99iSa
the old house, the wall that is about to collapse,
with a supporting wall Ai. IV iv 16f.; im.su. I sought out the original site of Eanna and
rin.na.ginx(GIM) libir.ra.ta kur.kur.ru.zu I established its foundation upon its original
al.gig : kima tiniri la-bi-ri ana nukkurika maris site VAB 4 92 ii 56ff., cf. ibid. 144 ii 17 (both
removing you is as difficult as (removing) an old Nbk.), 216 ii 21f. (Ner.), and passim in similar con-
oven Lambert BWL 245 v 11; kus.e.sir libir.
ra : Senu la-bir-tum old shoe ASKT p. 86-87:63f.
texts in NB royal inscrs.; ardatiSu aSte'e maqit
kus.usan.sumun.a.bi (var. sumun.zu) : tabu assuh temensu usabbima kima simdtisu
qinnazka la-bi-i[r-tum ... ] Farmer's Instructions la-bi-ra-a-ti ... arsip uSaklil I searched for
17; ti.ti gis.ma.sumun.ginx in.dag.dag.[...] its location, removed its ruined portions, I
: selani kima elippi la-bir-tiinaqqar he (the demon)
wrecks the ribs (of the patient) as if they were
surveyed its site and rebuilt it completely
those of an old boat CT 17 25:32f., dupl. KAR according to its ancient shape Borger Esarh.
368:4f. 74:33, also JCS 17 129:16, cf. Streck Asb. 234:19,
qd-dt-nu, ku-bar-tum = (su-ba-tu) la-bi-rum, 238:25, cf. ina usurtiSu la-bir-tu ... ultu
[...] = [MIN la-b]i-[rul Malku VI 40-41a; hab- uSSiu adi gabadibbiSu arsip uSaklil Bohl
bar-tur, in-gu-rum = MIN (= [u]-bat) la-bi-ru
An VII 157f. Chrestomathy No. 25:29 (Sin-gar-iskun); tilu la-
be(var. -bi)-ru unakkir I removed the ancient
1. old, ancient, past, remote (said of tell AKA 220:17 and 176 r. 9 (Asn.); ilima ina
buildings, temples, city walls, ruins, gods, muhhi tilldni LIBIR.RA.ME§ itallak go up on
kings and historical persons), traditional, the ancient ruin heaps and walk about
customary, established (said of customs, Lambert BWL 148:76.
offerings, measures), inherited, owned for a
long time, native, old (said of trusted, faithful, 2' said of gods, kings and historical
old retainers, long-time residents, etc.) - persons: Sitir um Sa RN .arri la-be-ri £a 700
a) old, ancient, past, remote - 1' said of andti 1dm RN, the inscription of Hammu-
27
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labiru lb labiru Id
rapi, an ancient king who (lived) 700 years (variant: your) traditional practices CT 15
before Burnaburiag VAB 4 238 ii 21, cf. te: 45:38, var. from KAR 1:40 (Descent of Istar), cf.
menna Sarrila-bi-ri Sa lam Burnaburias ibid. parsi la-bi-ru-(i-te us-sa-d4-ni-u they have
236 i 45, cf. also 240 iii 2 and 28 (all Nbn.); eli repeated the customary rites ABL 951 r. 17
temenna Sa RN LUGAL.E a-ba-a-am la-be-ri (NA, coll. K. Deller).
ukin uSSuiu I laid its foundation upon the
c) inherited, owned for a long time: eqldtini
site (chosen by) King Naram-Sin, a remote
sibitni la-bi-ra-am sa abbuni ikulu redutum
ancestor VAB 4 78 iii 27 (Nbk.), cf. sitir Sumi ibtaqrunidti the redd-officials have claimed
Sa Sarrdni mahri la-bi-ru-tim YOS 1 45 i 45 from us the fields, our age-old holding of
(Nbn.); sa 350. AM malki la-bi-ru-tisa ellamua
which our fathers had the usufruct TCL 7 43:5,
beliit Assur epusu (none) of the 350 past
cf. sibissunu la-bi-ra-am ibid. 10, 14, 16, cf.
kings who ruled over Assur before my time
(the field) sibissu la-bi-rum a PN ina tuppim
Lyon Sar. 15:43, cf. ADD 809+ :11 (Sar.), AfO
ana udsim Satirsum is the old holding of PN,
18 353:80 (Tigl. I), also eneti LIBIR.RA.MES
it is assigned to him in a tablet LIH 76:6;
the ancient entu-priestesses YOS 1 45 ii 5
tuppi simdtim u tuppdt ummatim flal-bi-ra-
(Nbn.); Sa pi apkalle la-bi-ru-ti sa 1dm abilbi
tim ana mahar abija lusabilam I will send to
(prescriptions) from the oral tradition of the
my father the documents of sale recording
ancient Wise Men from before the flood AMT
(new) acquisitions as well as the documents
105:22, cf. rGU.ZA.LA la-bil-ru-tim Lambert-
of the original holdings(?) PBS 7 118:26;
Millard Atra-hasis 44 I 49 and ibid. J 5; for the
assum eqlim sa PN Sa istu labiris ikkalu ina
god name Bel-labre, Bel-labria, Bel-ibria,
libbi eqlisu la-bi-ri x Sukussu idissu con-
etc., also wr. dEN.LIBIR.RA, see Frankena
cerning the field of PN of which he has had
Tikultu p. 82 f.
the use since long ago, give him x land for
3' other occs.: madhzi la-bi-ru-ti ... sustenance from that old field of his OECT 3
uzzakki he gave exemptions to the old cult
cities ABL 1029:8, cf. ibid. 11 (NB);
la-bir-ma ildnu qerbusu that city was an old
dlu Ad 43: 8 (all OB letters), cf. (in broken context) Gautier
Dilbat 35:5, cf. x KIRI 6 .LIB[IR] TCL 11 187:3,
X I.DUT.A LIBIR.RA PBS 8/1 99 i 22, and cf. ibid.
one and the gods were friendly to it Gilg. ii 15, 17, 24 (all OB); eqlet bit abbea LIBIR.RA.
XI 13; nisirtam la-bi-ir-tami[kassad] he will ME u KI.LAM.ME KU.BABBAR Sa ina silli sarri
get hold of an old (i.e., long hidden) treasure belija amhuru the fields inherited from of
YOS 10 54 r. 21 (OB physiogn.). old, which belonged to the estate of my fore-
fathers, and (those) acquired by payment of
b) traditional, customary, established
silver, which I received under the protection
(said of customs, offerings, measures): 2
of the king my lord BBSt. No. 10 r. 2, cf.
ANSE SE ina GIS.BAN SUMUN two homers of
eqlet mari Babili la-bi-rat the fields long
barley (measured) by the traditional sutu-
possessed by the Babylonians VAS 1 37 iii 15
measure KAJ 318:1, and passim in MA, see
(both NB kudurrus).
edsu usage h; one sila of bread, one sila of
fine beer gine amaS la-bi-ri the customary d) native, old (said of trusted, faithful,
regular offering for Samas BBSt. No. 36 iv 48; old retainers, long-time residents, etc.): istu
Sa imi 3 UDU.NITA eli isten UDU.NITA gind UGULA.NAM.10 a-<wi>-le-e la-bi-ru-tim le-qe-
la-bi-ri every day three sheep in addition <a>-nimim-ma take some long-time workmen
to the one sheep, the established regular from the foreman of a squad of ten VAS 16
offering YOS 1 45 ii 21 (Nbn.); eli gine la- 185:12; bell itti GIR.SIGg.GA la-bi-ru-tim x
bi-ri gind uSdter I added more regular eqlam ina kaniktim iknukgumma my lord has
offerings to the established offering VAB 4 92 given him by sealed document x bur of land
ii 39 (Nbk.), see also eJAu usage h; uppissima with (that of) the old domestics TCL 7 51:8; (a
kima parse la-bi-ru-t[i] (var. parsika la-a-be- group of three women) la-bi-ra-tum (contrast-
ru-4-ti) treat her in accordance with the ed with a group of six SAL.G.I 4 .Aki.MES)
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labiru 2a labiru 2b
PBS 8/2 235:4 (OB); ina kakki sa il alim sib (property) ita namkarim la-bi-ri-im ita
dlim u awild la-bi-ru-tum lizzizuma libirru namkarim [...] (var. istu namkarim eSSim
let the elders of the city and the long-time [a]di namkarim aplim) CT 47 13:5, var.
residents be present with the weapon of the from case ibid. 13 a:3ff. (all OB); ina il[tan]dn
city-god to establish the matter OECT 3 ekalli la-bi-ri to the north of the old main
40:25, cf. [it]ti awile la-bi-r[u-tim] ... sitar building JEN 601:8; bitu rabi la-bi-ri sa
'alma consult the long-time residents TIM 2 ina GN a large old house which is in GN
6:14, cf. 9 ERIN sa E.hS.GUD GN u <la>-bi- Dar. 379:34; annim Seum ina bit qariti la-bi-ri
ru-tim UCP 9 354 No. 25:8 (coll. J. J. Finkel- ... nadin this barley was given out from
stein) (all OB letters), cf. also lis'alsunu belini the old granary RA 23 159 No. 68:5 (Nuzi);
la-be-ru-te-su // am-ma-ti EA 59:11 (let. from ultu muhhi harisi adi muhhi duri la-bir-ri
Tunip); proclamation concerning nis biti sa (an orchard extending) from the moat to the
ekallim la-be-ru-[tum]-ma the old personnel old wall VAS 3 165:6, cf. sa BAD la-bi-ri
of the palace AASOR 16 51:4 (Nuzi); PN ... VAS 5 105:9 (NB); kiru ... ina pan titurri
PN 2 ... u massi la-bi-ru-ti sa GN illiku sarru SUMUN an orchard by the old causeway
RN is~launiitima PN, PN2 and the old leaders ADD 364:4 (NA); bdb nari LIBIR.RA Us-8u
of GN came and King Merodachbaladan pihat la mamman the outlet of an old canal
questioned them MDP 6 pl. 9 ii 27 (MB kudurru); is its side, under no province jurisdiction
LU Ip-tu-gu-tu-ra urdani sa sarri belija la-bi- (said of a donated area of land) RA 16 125 i 7
ru-4i-te the people of GN, long-time servants (NB kudurru), cf. fD GN la-bi-ri the old GN
of the king my lord ABL 251 r. 10 (NA), cf. canal BE 10 36:8 (NB), cf. TuM 2-3 14:14, and
LI GN sdbui la-bi-ru-ti sa bit abija sunu ABL passim in NB; x SILA SE.NUMUN ina libbi nari
920:9 (NB); me-me-ni issu libbi qinnate a GN la-bi-ru x seed land by the old canal TuM
la-bi-ru-te lassu none of them is from the 2-3 14:1, cf. DA nari la-bi-ru AnOr 8 51:10,
old families of GN ABL 1103:8 (NA), see Lands- and passim in NB; SE.NUMUN zaqpi da bab nari
berger Brief 61 n. 114; suhadakki la-bi-ru-ti Kuta la-bi-ri Camb. 217:2, and passim; what
[a]na suhmuta HA balli [ia] im ana gine DN is kippat URU GIBIL u kippat URU LIBIR.RA
belija uma'irsunitima I ordered fishermen the circumference of the new city and the
with long experience to deliver promptly the circumference of the old city? Leemans,
daily fresh fish for the regular offering to CRRA 2 31:7 (OB math.), and passim in this text;
Marduk my lord VAB 4 156:13 (Nbk.); note GN la-bi-ru TCL 3 285 (Sar.), cf. GN SUMUN-
(the series written) sa pi PN la-bi-ri according tim BE 8 156:5 (NB), also (parallel to
to Enlil-ibni the Elder JCS 16 66:13 (catalog); GIBIL) BE 15 102:13 (MB).
La-bi-ru-um (personal name), see Gelb,
b) said of tablets - 1' in colophons:
MAD 3 161; PN DUMU La-bi-ri-im ICK 1 5:2
kima pi tuppi LIBIR.RA according to the
(OA).
wording of a previous tablet Weissbach Misc.
p. 38:84, and passim in colophons, see Hunger
2. old (as opposed to new), original,
Kolophone s.v., cf. ultu le'i suMUN-bar gab-
previous, former - a) said of buildings,
re-e Uruck atirma bari RAcc. 67:27, see Hun-
cities, topographical features: ana bitim
ger Kolophone Nos. 87, 99, note the writings
ld-bi-ri-im erbama enter (pl.) the old house ki pi le'i la-ba-ri-i Sd-tir CT 38 13:104, also
TCL 20 99:9 (OA let.); sa abbitim ld-bi-ri-im
NU.E-i CT 38 25 81-2-4,202 r. 6, NU.IGI.TAB
pat'd[ni] (windows) which are open to the
K.2773+ r. 15 (namburbi colophon), also, wr. la-
old house (in contrast to apdtum sa abbitim
IGI.KAR-i Bab. 3 295 r. 19, and delete these refs.
eldim pat['ni] line 6f.) ICK 1 128:11 (OA);
sub bardi A adj. CAD 2 (B) p. 115.
X SAR E.D.A ... DA E LIBIR.RA Sa PN BE 6/1
57:4, cf. ] PN la-bi-rum UCP 10 86 No. 11:5; 2' in legal contexts: x kaspum qdt PN x
nikkassi bitim edsim u la-bi-ri-im the account kaspum qdt PN, ina tuppim la-bi-ri-im laptu
of the new and the old house PBS 8/1 81:15; x silver, the share of PN, (and) x silver, the
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labiru 2c labiru 3a
share of PN2 , are listed in a former tablet esSu u la-bi-ru the new and the old accounts
TCL 20 184:5 (OA); kima tuppi dannati Id-be- MDP 23 190:2, cf. SI.i.TUM NiG. [§I]D LIBIR
er-ti annitu tuppu dannat this tablet is valid TCL 10 17:2; a field Sa asum la-bi-ru-tim Sa
instead of the previously valid tablet JNES PN ikulu Szlechter Tablettes 96 MAH 16.429:3
16 164:36 (OA); x SAR E.DU.A ... ja ina (both OB); aSarSu la-bi(var.-bi)-ri aste'ema
tuppisu la-bi-ri-im .KI.GAL satru x sar of mdlak mesu kima labirimma ana ite Esagila
improved plot which in his previous docu- uStetesir I searched for its (the Euphrates')
ment was recorded as an empty plot BE 6/1 previous course and then I directed the flow
105:3; ana pi tuppisu la-bi-ri-im ... SE of its waters, as in former times, alongside
i.AG.E he will repay the barley according to Esagila ZA 40 290 ii 3 (= VAB 4 212 ii 3, Ner.);
the terms of his previous document CT 4 SAJAR.HI.A la-bi-ru-tum SAHAR.HI.A GIBIL
39b:10; ana pi tuppia la-bi-ri x E ukinnusi <EN.NAM> what is the original volume (and
they confirmed x house plot to her according to what) the new volume? TMB 44 No. 88:4,
the wording of her original tablet RA 9 22:24; cf. ZA.E SAHAR.HI.A SUMUN amur find the
kan[i]ksu la-bi-ru-um innammar ihheppi original volume ibid. 6, and passim in math.;
should his former sealed document be found see also esSu usage b; DUMU.MES bit tuppi
it will be destroyed Riftin 48:19 (all OB); addm u-<Se>-pi-Su-ma eli siprim SUMUN adlm
anumma [tupp]dtim [l]a-b[i-r]a-tim9a ana PN sa Takkirim 2 lirm sbum qal (see add C)
.uttura utd[b]ilakkum I have just sent off ARM 6 7:10; 3 MA.NA annaku sa PN ana simi
to you the old documents that had been a A.A la-bi-ru PN2 ilqe immatime kaspu la-
issued to PN ARM 1 40:5; see also ediu be-ru a pi [tup]pu la-bi-ri PN2 ana PN utdr u
usage e; in GN there is a field belonging to 3 MA.NA annaku itti kaspi la-bi-ru PN2 ana
my father's estate ina tuppi la-bi-ru-tim ina PN utr PN, borrowed from PN three minas
bit DN ki'am dmur in the old registers of the of tin against the formerly established value of
temple of Nisaba I have found the following the (mortgaged) fields, whenever PN 2 returns
OECT 3 40:11 (OB let.); tuppdtu la-bi-ru-ti to PN the previous (loan of) silver as is written
tuppu annil itepiSuniti this tablet cancels in the previous tablet, PN2 will also return
(all) the former tablets RA 23 144 No. 10:29 to PN the three minas of tin together with
(Nuzi); tuppu annitu fa pi tuppi la-bi-ri-i da the previous silver JAOS 55 pl. 4:3ff. (Nuzi),
hepi this tablet (is written) according to a cf. 2 ANSE SE Aa PN ana Simi Sa eqli la-bi-rum
previous tablet that has been broken Tu ... PN2 ilqe PN, borrowed two homers of
983:20 (Nuzi, unpub.); umma tuppu la-be-er- barley from PN against the previously
ti ... la tuppu if an earlier tablet (turns up), established value of the field JEN 491:3, cf.
it is not a (valid) tablet Wiseman Alalakh immatime Ki.BABBAR.MES(!) la-be-ru Sa eqleti
87:19 (MB). Sa PN utarru u A.NA.KU.MES SaSu itti [...]
utarru HSS 5 4:16, cf. also kaspu Sa la-bi-ru
3' referring to royal inscrs.: tuppi [l]a-bi- Sa pi tuppi ibid. 22:11 (all Nuzi); ulu halquti
ru Sa RN arru [i]puAu the original inscrip- eSiti ... u la-bi-ru-ti PBS 1/2 63:24 (MB let.);
tions which King Hammurapi had made ABL ana la-bi-ru-ti-cka is-u-tim nilteqi TCL 17
255:8 (NB); nard la-bi-ri 9a RN ... tuppdnu 47:5 (OB let.); amassunu la-bi-ir-tam-ma lu
u le'i LIBIR.RA.MES attattalma YOS 1 45 i 29 sabtu (see amatu A mng. 6a-3') BE 17 14:14
and 34, cf. musari la-bi-ri ibid. ii 1 (Nbn.);
(MB let.); taklimdti [l]a-bir-a-ti the former
note referring to a brick inscription: [SIG4 .A]L. displays ABL 35 r. 2 (NA), see Parpola LAS
UR.RA LIBIR.RA (NB colophon) AS 17 No. No. 5; see also hipu mng. lb.
32:2.
c) other occs.: kasap DN la-bi-ru eli 3. old (as opposed to fresh), aged, stale,
awilim ibaAdi the man owes a long-standing rancid, used (said of objects), worn (said of
(debt of) silver to Samas YOS 10 57:9, cf. ibid. garments) - a) old, aged, stale (water, wine,
10, dupl. CT 5 4:7 (OB oil omens); nikkassu beer): 200 DUG dannu KA§.SAG la-bi-ri mald
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labiru 3b labiru 3e
DIG.GA two hundred jars full of aged first- AN.TI he received x old barley TCL 11 214:1
class beer, fine (quality) BE 10 59:1, cf. 2 (OB), cf. 5 GUR E.BAR la-bi-ru ... ina muh
dannGitu KAS.SAG la-bi-ru Nbn. 254:2, and hi PN YOS 7 99:1 (NB); rE.MES la-be-ru
passim in NB econ.; note 41 dannu KAS.HI.A ibaSSi JEN 643:3 (Nuzi); is-ti-ta Sattam ikula
DUMU.MU.AN.NA 12 dannu KA la-bi-ru 41 jars la-b[i-ra] the first year, they ate the old
of this year's beer, twelve jars of aged beer (barley) Lambert-MillardAtra-hasis 78:9, restored
CT 22 96:5 (NB let.); Tursummi KAS la-bi-ru- from ibid. 114:28, see Or. NS 38 534; 2 GUR
t[i] aged beer dregs BE 31 56:9, cf. [ina] suluppu la-bi-ru-tu Sa PN ina muhhi PN, two
durumme KAS SUMUN AMT 72,2:2, cf. also gur of old dates (belonging) to PN are owed
ina KAS SUMUN kima rabiki tara[bbak] AMT by PN2 Nbn. 149:1, cf. BRM 1 14:2, for other
68,1 r. 18; summa amelu me LIBIR.RE SUB refs. see eSSu usage c; 1 GUN eSetum u 1 GUN
if a man pours out stale water MDP 14 p. 50:24 la-bi-ra-a-[ti]m hitma weigh out one talent
(MB dream omens). of new and one talent of old (wool) Aro, WZJ
8 568 r. 21 (MB let.).
b)
old, rancid (said of fats): x GIN KU.
BABBAR ana PN inhma i.GIS SUMUN iribam d) used (said of objects): 30 MA.NA nigs
x shekels of silver for PN when he replaced gallu ld-bi-ru-tum thirty minas (of copper in
the old oil TCL 10 90:3; ina i.NUN SUMUN the form of) old sickles TCL 20 178:10 (OA);
tuballal you mix (the ingredients) with GI.I-ti ana serma la-bi-ra-at moreover, my
rancid butter AMT 65,5:22, cf. Kocher BAM reed door is very old TLB 4 34:13 (OB let.);
3 i 30, iii 45, cf. also i SUMUN Sa dalti rancid 4 [KU]S pagume LIBIR.RA.MES 1 KU§ [KI.MIN
fat from the door ibid. 11:25, cf. also I egl-.u four used saddles, one new one
SUMUN <(a> bib Gilgames ibid. 311:60, 1 PBS 2/2 54:12 (MB); x GIN Suqulti makkasu
SUMUN sippi abulli ibid. 73, also STT 57:48, la-bi-ri x shekels (of silver), weight of an
(with sippi bit Marduk) AMT 93,1:8, 46,5 r. 4, old ax Nbn. 673:10; elippu s la-bir-ti a
cf. also AMT 105,1:4, LKU 32:11; i.UDU GUD tibnu ... ina libbi nuSebbaluni this old boat
LIBIR.RA AMT 103:20, and passim in med.; i. in which we transport the straw ABL 802:7
UDU GUD SUMUN old tallow Kocher BAM 220 (NA), [... ]-ru-a-te la-bir-a-te ADD 986 i 10,
iii 3. cf. niknakki la-bi-ru-u-ti ADD 930 r. iii 11;
x dannitu rqiitu la-bi-ru-t4 a PN ina pan
c) old, stale (said of grain, dates, wool):
PN2 ana idisunu x empty, used jars belonging
GIG la-bi4 -ra-tim litena they should grind
to PN are at the disposal of PN2 for rent
the old wheat CCT 3 8a: 30 (OA let.); 20 GUR
VAS 6 40:1, and passim in NB, see dannu s.;
seam ... immadidma izibunikki ezib Seim
as Akkadogram in Hitt.: 2 KU§ kurbu§ LA-BI-
la-bi-ri-im Sa ina biti ibaggi they have left
RU-TIM (they remove) the two old shields
for you twenty gur of barley (as) it was
Friedrich Festschrift 352 Bo 2393+ i 8, wr.
measured out, besides the older barley which
SUMUN-TIM ibid. 19; in med.: hasba LIBIR.
was already in the house TCL 18 110:18,
RA an old potsherd AMT 13,3:2, cf. hasab
cf. irbi e'im la-bi-ri kima mahrika ibaSgl
tinuri SUMUN Kocher BAM 3 ii 37; [...]
supram (see irbu mng. 4) CT 29 21:6,
URUDU SUMUN AMT 11,2:27.
Se-im la-bi-ra u ert lugdbilakku I will send
to you old barley and the millstones ibid. e) old, worn (said of garments): [kima
25 (both OB letters); itu MU.3.KAM ... lub]dri la-bi-ri kalmatu ikkal vermin are
ebcram ul [e]pugma SE SUMUN ul isu u GN devouring (my body) as if it were an old
... SE SUMUN ii U eburam ippeu for garment Gilg. XII 94; 1 GIBIL 1 la-be-ru
three years I did not have a harvest (two garments) one new, one old KAJ 256:2
and I have no more old barley, but (the (MA), see also e9Au usage d, cf. 1 GADA
people of) GN (still) have old barley and hulldnu la-bir-ri Nbn. 252:5; 5 tdpali Sa
they have brought in a harvest RA 42 burki Aa mardatu la-be-[ru-tu] five sets of
71:7 and 8 (Mari let.); X §E LIBIR ... U.BA. loincloths (made) of old mardatu-cloth HSS
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labiru 4 labiru
13 431:38; tahapsa la-bi-ra ina itti gunni ukin he inscribed a new stone stela, a copy
litahhihuma ... musipti la-bir-ta ina sizbi of the original, and set it up MDP 2 pl. 19 leg-
litahhihuma let them sprinkle an old tahapsu- end 2 ii 4 (MB kudurru); assum PN x eqlam ...
garment with asphalt of normal quality, let idiSSum kima la-bi-e-ri-suasar damqu idissum
them sprinkle an old musiptu-garment with concerning PN: give him x land, according
milk Kocher BAM 240:11 and 13. to his original document give (it) to him
wherever he wishes OECT 3 45:10 (OB let.);
4. old, abandoned, ruined (said of private amat sarrisi LU.BAN a4 1 ME a re'e aki la-bi-
buildings): igdram l[a(!)-b]i(!)-ra-am ul urih ri-su dikdisu this is a royal order: call up
igdram essam ... ipus he did not leave the and dispatch these one hundred archers from
old wall (but) he built a new wall MDP 2 pl. the (list of) shepherds, according to the old
13 No. 4:12 (OB Elam); the body of a child roll YOS 3 44:19 (NB let.).
[ina] mehret zakdnim SUMUN [sa] elenu pidtim
sapiltim [ina] ah ndrim nadima was found b) in colophons: kima la-bi-ri-si satirma
lying on the river bank opposite the old bari copied from an earlier tablet and collated
3
zakdnum which is above the lower side Delitzsch AL 136 r. 27; kima SUMUN- satirma
ARM 6 43:6; NA4 ina dIGI.KUR mehret appi ... gabare le'i sUMUN-si makkir Anu u Antu
la-bi-ru-tim ana &a-di-tim imqutma (for copied from an older copy, copy of an original
translat., see appu A mng. 3) ARM 6 5:6; tablet, the property of Anu and Antu UVB 15
note exceptionally in the form labru: la- 37 r. 5, cf. GIM SUMUN-uZ satir CT 31 48
ab-ru usis maqtu aksir I renovated what K.3976 r. 12, cf. also STC 2 84 r. 112, LIBIR.RA.BI.
was old, repaired what was fallen into ruin GIM [sa]tirma bari Bab. 12 pl. 7 r. 4, CT 29
Borger Esarh. 94 r. 6; gisallam sa bitim la- 49:35, GIM LIBIR.RA-8Un satirma bari Kocher
bi-ri-im [ih]arrasu (see gisallu A usage a) BAM 1 iv 26, GIM LIBIR.RA.BI satir KAR 115
CT 29 11 a: 15 (OB let.); ta-as-sa-li-li la-bi-ri r. 7, also ki pi la-bir-si CT 24 50:8, ana pi
idekkema he (the tenant) will remove the LIBIR.RA-U KAR 91 r. 25, ina pit SUMUN-4e
old porch TuM 2-3 27:5, parallel 26:4 (NB); Kocher BAM 50 r. 24, and passim, note the
epir askuppati §a pi[l]e Sa biti SUMUN dust playful writings kima dLab-dfr-ra-dI-sum
from a limestone threshold of an old house STT 300 r. 21, [kima] LIBIR.RA-dl-sum KAR
(used as medication) Kocher BAM 3 i 33; 111 r. 3, note also kima suMUN-bar-s4 RAcc.
summa bitu LIBIR.RA sira kidia ishut if an 20:37, see Hunger Kolophone p. 165 s.v.
old house flakes the outside plaster off CT 2. long period, old times - a) with kima:
40 2:48 (SB Alu); [summa] sarru mimma Ebabbar ... kima la-bi-rim-ma ana Samas
LIBIR.RA uddis if the king restores something belija epus I rebuilt Ebabbar for Samas my
old CT 40 9 Sm. 772 r. 29, cf. ibid. 11:72; NAM. lord, as (it had been) in former times VAB 4
BUR.BI burti esseti burti LIBIR. RA1 kusarti 204 No. 45:11, cf. kima la-bi-ri-im-ma essis
birti u narmaki sa bit ameli apotropaic ritual epus ibid. 108 ii 54, PBS 15 79 i 94, and passim
for a new well, an old well, or the repair of a in Nbk., VAB 4 240 iii 5 and 24 (Nbn.); Egipar
well or washing place in a man's house kima la-bi-ri-im-ma eSsiS epu parakku u
CT 38 23 K.2312+ r. 7 and dupls., cf. summa usuratiSu kima la-bi-ri-im-ma esis abni ...
amelu burta la-bir-ta (var. la-bi-ir-ta) [... ] dur majdl eneti labirati [kima la-bil-ri-im-ma
K.2571+ r. 49 (joins CT 38 23 K.3910+, namburbi, e§§is almi YOS 1 45 ii 6f. and 16 (Nbn.); ina
courtesy R. Caplice). kise bdbdni sindti kima la-bi-ri-im-ma ...
uSziz I erected (reliefs) at the base of the
labiru s.; 1. old copy, original, 2. long
walls of these gates as in former times
period, old times; OB, MB, SB, NA, NB;
VAB 4 210:30 (Ner.); malak mieu kima la-bi-
wr. syll. and LIBIR.RA, SUMUN; cf. labdru v.
ri-im-ma ana ite Esagila ustet&sir (see labiru
1. old copy, original - a) in gen.: nar& adj. mng. 2c) VAB 4 212:4 (Ner.); (sa) parsi
.a abni edia gabar la-bi-ribu(= IJfL) i.turma kidd[] kima la-bi-rim-ma utirru a[na] as
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labirfitu labku
risun who restored the statutes and ordi- ta illiku BA 6/1 152:24 (Shalm. III); a Sebuta u
nances as (they were) in the old times Streck la(var. li)-be-ru-ta illiku (the temple) which
Asb. 242:21, 244:30. became old and dilapidated AOB 1 120 iv 3,
130:10 (Shalm. I), cf. (the palace) ina rddi
b) other occs.: Sarru masse igdlma ki ina
tik same anhutala-bi-ru-taillik became ruined
la-bi-ri aldnu zakutu Sunu ina ilik GN the
and dilapidated by rainstorms and downpours
king asked the leaders whether in the past
Winckler Sar. pl. 48:15, for other refs., see
these cities were free from service to GN
aldku mng. 4a-2' (labiriitu).
BBSt. No. 6 i 50 (Nbk. I); bdb muterreti a
Eanna akki la-bi-ri libb'i a ina pani RN siri 2' to reach old age: see alaku mng. 4a-2'
Sukun put plaster on the main portal (lit. (labiritu).
the gate of the winged doors) of Eanna as
(it was) before, under Nebuchadnezzar YOS 6 labi§u s.; (a plant); plant list.*
10:16 (NB), cf. gine ki a [la]-bi-riABL 1202:17 t NUMUN la-bi-e (var. [... ] la-a-bi-.u) : v MIN (=
a-mu-sum) Uruanna II 203; v NUMUN la-bi-Se : v
(NA); u mimma dulla essa ... u lu dulla Aa
ka-za-bu ibid. 211.
ultu la-bi-ri ina qdti maqtuma ina essi illd
(not to perform) any new corvee work, or labittu see libittu.
any corvee work that had been dropped long
labiu see ldmi.
ago but might be reinstated MDP 2 pl. 21 iii
37 (MB kudurru), cf. issu la-bi-r[u] (in broken labku adj.; 1. flexible (said of a bow),
context) ABL 1202 r. 12 (NA); ina la-bi-ri 2. moist, fresh (said of bread, of plaster),
adu libbi RN RN2 gallubu (even) as far back 3. (used as a substantive) moistening of the
as Sargon (and) Sennacherib they were soil (NB only); MB, Nuzi, NB, Akkadogram
consecrated for a temple-office ABL 43 r. 27 in Bogh.; cf. labdku.
(NA). [du-ru] [A] = rat-bu, la-ab-ku, na-a[r-bu]
A I/1:20ff.; [du-ru] [A] = ru-ut-bu-um, x-lum,
labiriitu (libirutu) s.; long duration, old [la]b-ku, [na]-gdr-r-ru MSL 2 126:7ff. (Proto-Ea).
age; OB, MB royal, Bogh., SB; cf. labdru v.
1. flexible (said of a bow): 1 GI.BAN Sa
a) in gen.: 6 bad.gal.gal.bi RN ...
PN la-ab-ku HSS 15 21:1, 2, 7 (= RA 36 183),
[m]i.ni.in.du.a nam.sumun.ba ni.te.
cf. sa PN 1 GIS.BAN la-bi-ik (contrasted with
a.ne.ne.a i.iub.sub.ba.us.am : 6 BAD
la damqu ibid. 3, 5, 6, and passim) ibid. 13, 15 and
GAL.[GAL] (var. [ra-bi]-fil-tim) uniiti a RN
36, cf. also HSS 15 18:10 and 16, 37:9 and 19, also
... ipusu in la-bi-ru-ti-Su-nu in ramaniSunu
sa PN GIS.BAN la-bi-ik HSS 15 18:39; note:
uptassisuma those six fortresses which
sa PN 2 GI§.BAN.ME la-ab-ku(text -bu)
Sumula'il had built and which had crumbled
HSS 15 37:4 (= RA 36 186).
by themselves from age LIH 98:61 (Sum.) and
ibid. 97:57, dupl. VAS 1 33 iii 11 (Akk., Samsui- 2. moist, fresh (said of bread, of plaster):
luna); GN <ki> la-bi-ru-ti ana asriSu liter may NINDA LA-AB-KU (as Akkadogram in Bogh.)
Mitanni become important again as it was BoTU 1 1:29, KUB 12 5 i 12, 14, KUB 20 90 iii 6,
in the past KBo 1 3 r. 20, cf. ki-i la-bi-ru-ti
(in the same context) ibid. 1 r. 73, cf. also la-
9, 11; I have applied the mud plaster u
lab-ku but the hipu-clay slip is still moist
Mdpc
bi-ru-ti KUR GN (in broken context) KUB 3 Biggs, JCS 19 97:13 (MB let.).
124:12 (let.).
3. (used as a substantive) moistening (of
b) in labiricta aldku - 1' to become the soil under palm trees, NB only) - a) with
dilapidated: bitu ~u einahma la-be-ru-ta illik months indicated - 1' Abu (fifth month):
this temple became ruined and dilapidated heritu ITI.NE a-na lab-[ki] i erre he performs
Weidner Tn. 22 No. 13:9, cf. ibid. 16 No. 7:31, 20 the digging of ditches (done in) MN for moist-
No. 11:11, 31 No. 18:5 (all Tn.), also AAA 19 ening (the soil) Dar. 193:11, cf. heritu ITI.NE
109:32 (Asn.), cf. diirni ... na uma la-bi-ru- [a-nal lab-ki i-bir-ru Camb. 142:8; herit[u]
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labku la'bu
ITI.NE in[a lab]-ki iherri VAS 5 49:8; [herdtu tag.ga] = [lab]-nu = q[a-at-tum] Hg. B II 69, in
a] ITI.NE a-na la-ab-ku [iherri] Dar. 341:4. MSL 6 109; gis.RU.DU, gi§.Ru.gi.dili =
li-ib-nu Nabnitu E 189f.
2' Addaru (twelfth month): heritu ITI.SE la-ab-nid ukassisu supr[a ... ] they (the
a-na la-ab-ku iherri Nbn. 578:9, cf. (in broken archers) broke their fingernails as if (they
context) lab-ku 9a ITI.SE VAS 6 4:25. were throwing) throw sticks Bauer Asb. 2 88
b) other occs.: puit herdtu 9a eqli a-na lab- r. 15.
ku naMc they (the tenants) assume warranty
labru see labiru adj.
for the digging of the field for the moistening
TuM 2-3 136:5, also 135:7, wr. a-na lab-ka labsum adj.; foreigner(?); OB lex.*
ibid. 134:5, ana lab-ku VAS 5 86:5, also BE 8 16 ir.us.sa = la-a-gum, la-ab-sum OB Lu B
79:5; heritu a-na lab-ku iherri VAS 5 26:18. iii 42f.
labku s.; (a type of beer); NB.* lab§u adj.; clad, arrayed, worn(?); Nuzi,
abnan rudsA la-ab-ku naSu (I offered) red- SB; cf. labSAu.
glowing(?) grain, labku-beer, ncau-beer RA 14 sa.gada.la = la-bis ki-te-e Lu IV 99, sa.tug.
161:5 (to VAB 4 154 iv 49, Nbk.), see ZA 29 182, tdg.la = MIN na-al-ba-[i] ibid. 100.
sa.gada.la Eridu.ga.kex(KID) : la-bil ki-ti-e
cf. 3 KA§ uttati 4 KAI lab-ku ... 3 KA§ uttati Aa Eridu 5R 51 iii 46f., see JCS 21 11; [li].
iSten KA§ lab-ku iten KA nadu iiten KA gada.la abzu.kex : la-bis ki-ti-e Aa Apsi 4R
zarbdba three (jars) with barley beer, four Add. p. 4 to pl. 18 No. 3 r. 7f., cf. BA 10/1 112
with 1.-beer, three (jars) with barley beer, No. 30:5f.
one with 1.-beer, one with naSu-beer, one a) clad, arrayed: see lex. section; ana
with zarbabu-beer RAce. 75:.3, cf. ibid. 10, a~itim u mutitim ana la-ab-Su-sa u aprussa
also KA .1 .SA SI1g u KAS.U.SA lab-ku ibid. ihussi he married her (the naditu-woman)
89:9. to clothe her and cover her head (lit. for her
(Thureau-Dangin, RA 19 84.) being clothed and covered) CT 48 51:8 (OB),
see Hirsch, ZA 60 161; for corr. finite verbs,
labnu A adj.; flat, shallow(?); SB; cf.
see apdru mng. la.
labanu B.
gi.pisan.si.si.ga = la-ab-nu Hh. IX 62; b) worn(?): 2 TUG cusitu siG.MES la-ab-
gi.pisan.si.si.ga = [1]a-ab-nu = nu-us-hu Ad u-tum two kusitu-cloaks of wool, worn(?)
[NINDA.HI.A] Hg. B II 49, in MSL 7 70; [gi.ma.
HSS 15 189:6.
sa.ab.si.si.ga] = [la-a]b-nu Hh. IX 120.
a) said of a person's face or nose: summa For labis kite see Falkenstein Gotterlieder p.
99.
. pani la-bi-in Kraus Texte 3b i 9 and ii 8,
see MVAG 40/2 72:45 and 74:56, cf. Summa *labstitu see labsu.
appa la-bi-[in] Kraus Texte 12b iii 4'.
la'bu adj.; suffering from the li'bu-disease;
b) said of a basket: see Hh. IX, in lex.
OB lex.*; cf. la'dbu.
section.
[ld.(sa.)dih] = la-ah-bu-um OB Lu B ii 40.
For Zimol. 19:55 (Ea II Excerpt ii 21') see lapnu.
la'bu s.; 1. (a skin disease), 2. spot
*labnu B (fer. labittu) adj.; molded (said
affected (by la'bu); OB, SB; cf. la'dbu.
of bricks); MA*; cf. labdnu A.
di-ih DUB = la-a'-bu A III/5:14.
Total received: 75,730 SIG4 la-bi-tu Sa ki.tag.ga = la-a-bu 5R 16 i 37 (group voc.),
7 UD.ME§ bricks molded, over seven days restored from dupl. ASKT p. 198 Rm. 2,585.
KAV 123:3. rlal-a'-bu = hu-un-tu An IX 40; la-a'-bu (var.
li-i'-[bu]) = hu-un-fu LTBA 2 2:318.
labnu (libnu, or lapnu) s.; throw stick;
SB.* 1. (a skin disease): umma awilum aSgatam
ihuzma la-ah-bu-um (var. li-ih-bu-um) issa
gi.Un-u-nu-.gi .tag.ga, gif.Rvu--xu.gis.
dili = la-ab-nu Hh. VII A 71f., cf. [gii.Ru.gis. bassi if a man marries a woman and then
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lab'u labA
the 1.-disease afflicts her (he may marry house) an ox bellows KAR 379:5; summa
another woman) CH § 148:68; adSassu .a la- ahil ina bit ameli il-bu-u if pigs squeal in the
ah-bu-um (var. li-ih-bu-um) isbatu ul izzibdi house of a man CT 38 45:21 and 46:21, also
... adi baltat ittanagisi he may not divorce KAR 379:9; [Summa] seru ina bit marsi il-
his wife whom the 1.-disease has afflicted, he bu-[il if a snake screams in the house of a
must maintain her as long as she lives sick man KAR 386:50, cf. summa seru ana
ibid. 76; ana usalli la illak la-a'-bu i-la-'i-ib- pan ameli il-bu-um CT 38 35:49, cf. also
su (see la'dbu mng. la) KAR 177 r. ii 34 (a cat) ina bit ameli il-bu CT 39 49:35; sums
(hemer.); la-'-bu (var. li-bu) ERIN-ni i-la-['1- ma kalbi ... i-lab-bu- if dogs howl (in the
[ib] K.8769 r. 1, var. from dupl. CT 20 28:3, streets) Boissier DA 103:16 (all SB Alu), kalbu
see la'dbu mng. la; ald di'u u tdnihu la-a'-bu pasu ippuSa i-lab-bi the dog opens its
ta-a-d[ir(?)-tu(?) ... ] mindtija the ald-demon, mouth and howls Lambert BWL 192:14 (SB
headache and suffering, 1., sorrow [have ... ] fable); (a demon) Sa kima immeri i-leb-bu-u
my limbs BMS 12:51 and dupl., see von Soden, that bleats like a sheep AfO 14 146:102 (bit
Iraq 31 87; qdt ardat lilt la-a'-bi it is the hand mesiri).
of the lill-woman, (i.e.) 1. Labat TDP 34:21, b) referring to sounds made by sick
also STT 91:23; [Summa amelu] haiu NE. persons: Summa serru i-lab-bu-ma tuld inas:
MES-.u la-a'-ba mali if a man's lungs are hot ~iAumma la ikkal if a baby howls and does
and he is filled with 1. AMT 55,2:4; la-ah-bu- not suck when they offer it the breast Labat
[um] (in broken context) Bab. 12 pl. 12 ii 3 TDP 228:109; Summa marsu ina Sereti il-te-
(OB Etana). ni-ib-bu if a sick man cries repeatedly in the
2. spot affected (by la'bu): see ki.tag.ga morning Labat TDP 176:1, also Iraq 18 133:22
= la-a-bu 5R 16, in lex. section; la-'-ab (catalog), cf. (if the sick man) iStanassi
mustaSninti GAB-ma the 1. of the mustasnintu i-leb-bu STT 91:73, cf. also Summa ina
(a part of the exta) is split AfO 16 pl. 13:10, mursiSu i-leb-bu Labat TDP 158:14, cf. also
cf. la-'-abHAR K.8865 obv.(!) 1 and 8 and dupl., 184 r. 8, 190:28; summa i-lab-bu if (in his
see Borger, BiOr 14 194, cf. also 7 la-'-bu (in sleep a man) groans (followed by iStanassi)
similar context) D.T. 180+ :6. AfO 18 74:16.
c) referring to sounds of inanimate ob-
In spite of the clear evidence that la'bu
jects: summa alu rigimSu i-la-ab-[bu] if the
(and the verb la'abu) denote a skin disease,
voice of a town hums (followed by idammum)
the synonym lists explain it, for etym.
CT 38 1:8, cf. summa bit ameli [il-le-eb-bu
reasons (cf. Heb. lahab), as a kind of fever.
if a man's house hums CT 40 4:77 (both SB
lab'u see labbu. Alu).
d) referring to sounds of bloated intestines:
*labf adj.; (designating a kind of wool); aru ina libbisu issanahhur i-le-eb-bu the
lex.* wind in his belly whirls and rumbles Kocher
[sig ... ] = la-ba-a-tum- 1.-wool Hh. XIX 76a. BAM 49:12 and dupl. 50:14, also, wr. NIGIN(!)-
ur i-le-bu Kichler Beitr. pl. 8 ii 20, cf. also
labu (lebu) v.; to howl, growl, groan, to cry Sdru ina libbisu i-le-eb-bu Kocher BAM 49:4
out; SB; I ilbu - ilabbu/ilabbi (ilebbi), I/3 and 50:6.
iltenebbu; cf. ldbd.
labf see lam v.
[...].ga = le-bu-[u] Nabnitu C 153; [gu...]
= [rigmum A]a ki-ma [... i]l-bu-4 Kagal D Section lbu see labbu s.
7:2'.
lbf adj.; howling, bleating; lex.*; cf.
la-bu-u = sa-su-u CT 41 34:5 (Alu Comm.).
labI v.
a) referring to sounds made by animals: 6.gi.d6.a = la-a-bu-u lost (animal) = bleating
Summa MIN alpu il-bu if ditto (= in a man's (animal) Izi E 318.
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labubittu lagabbu
labubittu s.; (a plant); SB. Contracted from la ddiru, see ddiru in la
Anig.dumu.a.ni = qaq-qa-da-[ni-tu], la-bu- Adiru.
bit-[tu] Hh. XVII 103f.; i dumu.a.ni : t la-bu-
[bi-tu] Uruanna II 449; ij (var. GIB) dumu.a.ni : ladnu see ladinnu.
A9 la-bu-bi-tic Uruanna III 131; t 4d-mi GIA.TIR :
t la-bu-bi-tu Uruanna I 425. lIdu (ludu) v.; to bend, to be shamed(?);
Sammu dikindu kima v amhari lariisu OB, SB, NA; I ilud - (NA) iluad, 1/2.
setru gizba ul ii [...] kima zer kitt Sammu a) to bend: issabtuma kima le'im i-lu-du
M4 v la-bu-bi-tu [.um4u] the plant that looks they (Enkidu and Gilgames) grappled one
like the amhara-plant, its leaves are small, with the other and bent down(?) like a
it has no milky sap, [its seeds] are like wrestler Gilg. P. vi 16 and 21, cf. ina paniu
linseed, that plant is called 1. Kocher Pflanzen- andku [a]l-tu-ud I bent down(?) before it
kunde 33:5 (series Jammu 4ikinSu); U la-bu-bit-ti (the bull) ZA 53 216:6 (OB Gilg.); [summa]
(among charms against diseases caused by paddnu ana imitti i-lu-ud if the "path"
demons) CT 14 16 BM 93084:13. bends to the right side KAR440 r. 4; summa
... giSimmaru ina bilti i-lu-ud if the date
labiinu see labbunu. palm bends under (its) yield CT 40 44 80-7-
19,22+ :3 (SB Alu), restored from CT 41 29:19
labussu see lubustu. (Alu Comm.).
ladinnu (ladunu, ladnu) s.; (an aromatic); b) to be shamed(?): sa isbatu ina sepe DN
SB, NB. la i-lu-ad ina puhur ildni rabnti §a ina qanni
[AIM ... ] : la-din-nu (var. la-du-nu) (preceded sa DN, kasir la i-lu-ad ina puhur hgddntesu
by budulhu) Uruanna III 533. he who seizes the feet of Sarrat-Ninua will
20 GUN IM la-du-nu (among tribute from not be shamed(?) in the assembly of the
the West) Rost Tigl. III p. 14:85; 15 GIN §IM great gods, he who is protected by (lit. bound
la-ad-nu UCP 9 93 No. 27:21 (NB). to the hem of) Urkittu will not be shamed(?)
For suggested equivalence with Gk. ledanon among the assembly of his ill-wishers Craig
see Ebeling Parfuimrez. p. 9, Zimmern Fremdw. ABRT 1 6 r. 2f. (NA).
p. 58. Landsberger Date Palm p. 27 n. 80.
In 5R 16 r. 26 read lapnu, q.v.
ladunu see ladinnu.
ladiru (aladiru)s.; (a plant); SB. lagabbit adv.; like a block; SB*; cf.
U EBUR.SAR = 4am-ba-lil-td= la-di-ru Hg. D 238; lagabbu.
f ad-am-ba-lil-td, vr e-riS-ti GAZI.SAR : t la-di-ru
(var. 6 a-la-di-ru), v tul-di (vars. tul-du, tul-tu) :
ur'udi sa innesru unappiqu la-gab-big my
t MIN ina Su-ba-ri Uruanna I 164ff. throat which was tightened and choked as
by a block, with comm. la-gab-bis s a-KUR
NUMUN v (var. GIg) la-di-r[i] (among
pagri Lambert BWL 52:30.
other ingredients for an enema) Kocher BAM
186:26, var. from 187:3, also, wr. . NUMUN lagabbu s.; 1. block, 2. name of the
la-di-ri ibid. 258:6; zer kitt zer v la-di-ri cuneiform sign LAGAB; OA, SB; Sum. lw.;
ibid. 79:11. cf. lagabbis.
In Kocher BAM 306:13 read [t] eli-kul-la SA5 , la-gab LAGAB = la-gdb-bu, up-qum MSL 2
see elkulla. 128:11 f. (Proto-Ea); [1]a-gab LAGAB = [la-gd]b-bu
A 1/2:99; sa = la-ga-ab-bu A-tablet 663 (= Nigga
l&diru adj.; impudent, fearless; SB*; 289).
cf. adaru B v. 1. block: x husdram abnam 14-ga-ba-am
When Asiur gave me the power ana ... kunukkija PN na4'akkum PN is bringing to
Juknu la-di-ri-ia to subdue those who do you a usdru-stone in a solid block under my
not fear me Weidner Tn. 1 No. 1 i 26. seal KTS 22b:4 (OA let.).
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lagagu laginu
2. name of the cuneiform sign LAGAB: No. 13 r. 4, 7 (all MB); one chariot and 1-en
[ni-gi-i]n la-gab-bu (=) pa-ha-ru, lu-kud [ANSE1 la-gal-ta-ka ABL 1154+ :26 (NB), see
la-gab-bu (=) ku-ru-u, pa-ha-r[u] CT 20 25 Dietrich Aramaer p. 148 No. 33.
K.9667:13, cf. ibid. 9 Sm. 418:10 (ext. comm.), Balkan Kassit. Stud. 27 and 125.
cited from ni-gi-in, lu-gu-ud LAGAB la-gab-bu
(sign name) = sa-ha-ru, ku-ru-u Ea I 32f. lagait (fem. lagaSitu) adj.; from Lagas; OB.
lagagu v.; to cry out; lex.*; I, II. PN URU.KI la-ga-si TCL 10 38:9; iD la-ga-
du-un-du-un DUN.DUN = la-ga-ga // a-su-u
si-tum OECT 3 36:12 (let.).
A VIII/3 Comm. r. 29; tu-lag-ga-ag 5R 45 K.253
iv 23 (gramm.).
lagatakkas see lagaStakkas.
lagallu see lagarru. laga'u (lagi) s.; scales, matter formed on

parts of the body, slag from a kiln; SB;
lagarru (lagallu) s.; (a priest); OB Elam, Sum. lw.
SB; Sum. lw.; cf. lagarturru. la.ga (var. [LA]GABla-gab).kir 4 = la-ga ki-i-ri
la-gal LAGAR = la-gal-l[um] MSL 2 133 viii 50 (var. Su) Hh. X 355; la.ga.sag.du.mu Ugumu
(Proto-Ea); la-ga-ar LAGAR = la-ga-ru Sb I 235. 49, la.ga.gesgt.mu ibid. 145.
[la]-ga-r[u] = [k]a-lu-u Malku IV 15. su.um.du.um si.kdr.e sub.ba.a.ta : ina
aptisu sa la-ga-a nadd upon his lips that are
ana bit epri sa erubu andku aSbu enu u
covered with scales OECT 6 pl. 19:11f., dupl.
la-ga-ru abu iSippu u lumahhu in the House ASKT p. 122:6f.; HAR.in.nu.bi in.na.an.es
of Dust where I entered dwell the high priest = la-ga-Su iq-bu-i (error for leq?) Ai. VI iv 24f.
and the I.-priest, dwell the purification priest la-ga- 4i-ik-tum Lambert BWL 54:33 (Ludlul
and the ecstatic Gilg. VII iv 46; L la-ga-ru Comm.).
sdkinu taqribti (in enumeration of temple a) scales, matter formed on parts of the
personnel) YOS 1 45 ii 28 (Nbn.); IGI PN la- body: see, referring to dandruff on the scalp,
g&r-rum MDP 22 29:8; PN LV la-gar dKUR.GAL dirt or scales of the ears, Ugumu 49 and 145,
3R 52 No. 2:63 (colophon); note, qualifying a in lex. section; lu'i (var. [x]-'-ti) sa uttappiqu
date palm: [summa KI.MIN] gisimmaru la- la [ima]hharu [... ] la-ga-Sd (var. la-ga-a-a-sd)
ga-ru IGI if a barren(?) date palm is seen isirma idiltaS ipti my throat(?) which was
(preceded by SUHUR.LAL GAR, see kezru) blocked and could not take in [...], he
CT 40 45 K.14159:4 (SB Alu), see Landsberger .... -ed its deposit, opened its closure
Date Palm p. 12 and n. 25. Lambert BWL 54:33, var. from ibid. pl. 74 BM
Renger, ZA 59 122; Alster, JCS 23 116f. 54821 (Ludlul III); summa liq pisu sabul la-ga-a
RU.RU if his palate is dry (and) is covered
lagarturru s.; apprentice lagarru-priest;
with a deposit(?) Labat TDP 64:54, and see
LB*; Sum. lw.; cf. lagarru.
OECT 6 pl. 19:14, in lex. section.
supur PN LU la-gar-tur-ru dAMAR.UD.KAM
handwriting of PN, the 1. of Marduk SBH b) slag from a kiln: see Hh. X, in lex.
p. 33 r. 36 (= Hunger Kolophone No. 167:4). section.
For another Akk. correspondence to Sum.
lagagtakkas (lagatakkas) adj.; speckled(?)
la.ga, see kuraStu.
(said of horses); MB, NB; Kassite word.
Landsberger, MSL 9 101.
la-ga-as-ta-a--a
s a PN PBS 2/2 90:15 and 18;
la-gas-tak-kas DUMU Akrijas BE 14 12:10, laginu s.; (an agricultural profession); lex.*
also, wr. la-ga-tak-kas PBS 2/2 98:19; la-ga- uru4 = e-ri-Au, [uru.-'r]u.lB = la-gi-nu Lu IV
tak-kas u sirpi- 1. and brown PBS 2/2 98:8, 370f.
cf. BE 14 12:14 and 32, DUMU la-ga-[tak]-ka la-gi-in i-it-ti(var. -ti) = Ad-ru- Malku IV 43,
var. from CT 18 9 K.4233 ii 23, cf. Lt la-gi-in
PBS 2/2 98:24, cf. also ibid. 18, Balkan Kassit. i-Ait-t[um //] LOTe-du-i VAT 4955:11f. (comm. to
Stud. 17 No. 4 r. 3, 21 No. 12:3, r. 1, 3 and 9, 22 A II/2), see idittu A lex. section.
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lagu lahannatu
lagu adj.; (mng. unkn.); plant list.* birth and already at birth (the child) is cov-
ab-u la-gu :
i t
la-la-gu Kocher Pflanzen- ered with shaggy hair Leichty Izbu IV 31, cf.
kunde 1 iv 37' (= Uruanna II 478). SiG. UZ la-[hi-im] ibid. 33, cf. SiG danniS la-ah-
See abu and lallangu. mu ibid. p. 197 K.9837:1, K.12754:11, also SiG
la-hi-im (parallel: labis) ibid. 8; if a man's
lagfl see lagd'u.
eyebrows SfG ma'attu dlh-mu are very
lahibu v.; to howl(?); SB*; I, 111/2. shaggy KAR 395:17 (physiogn.); summa
a) lahabu: imhur UR.BAR.RA la-ha-ba ubdndtuu kissura ... Ja qdtdausdrta l14-ma

i-[...] she faced the wolf, (and) [...] if his fingers are gnarled, this means that his
howling(?) 4R Add. p. 11 to pl. 56 iii 31, dupl. hands are covered with shaggy hair Kraus
KAR 239 ii 8, see ZA 16 162 (Lamastu inc.). Texte 24 r. 3, cf. ibid. 5, cf. also sa Sdrta
14"-mat ibid. 12a i 24'.
b) Sutalhubu: Lamatu uS-ta-na-al-hab
In K.8623: 11 read im-ma-la-hu <mi -il-hu
kima UR.IDIM mast ana maSti us-ta-na-[... ] um-rxl-[....], see milhu.
Lamastu howls(?) like a rabid dog, she [...]
lahamu B v.; to make beer (from malt or
... PBS 1/2 113 iii 27, dupl. 4R 58 iii 42 (La-
dates); SB, NB; I, II.
mastu inc.).
a) lahamu: liddinki dSiras (var. LJ.SIRAS)
lahabu see lehebu. mundu buqlu bappiru patihatu limalliki nar
*lahidu (or lahatu, lahatz) v.; (mng. tabu ana la-ha-mi liddinki let Siras (variant:
unkn.); gramm.*; II, III. the beer-brewer) give you groats, malt, "beer
tu-ldh-had 5R 45 K.253 iv 57; tu-sal-had ibid. bread," let him fill a leather bag for you
vii 26. (with them), let him give you nartabu for
lahagu s.; (a medicinal plant); SB.* making beer 4R 56 iii 56, var. from KAR 239 ii
[it Sd]-mi TAB UD.DA : li la-ha-gu plant for setu- 27ff. (Lamastu).
fever: 1. Uruanna II 45. b) luhhumu: ina MN ... dannu a4 100
A haltappdna v la-ha-ga [...] ...
(for a compress)
tasdkl
Kocher BAM 171:39, dupl.
sikar tabu4-[ldh]-ha-ma-ma inandin he will
brew fine beer (from the dates received) in
AMT 82,1:7. these hundred vats and deliver (it) in MN
(bappiritu-contract) BE 9 43:12, cf., wr.
lahamu see lahmu adj. and s.
ut-lah-ha-mu PBS 2/1 131:5, 4-lah-<ha-mu>-
lahamu A (lehemu) v.; to be hairy; OB, u-ma BE 10 4:15 (all NB).
SB; I (only stative lahim/lehim attested), For other refs. see lemu.
II, III; cf. la imu, lahmu adj., luhhumu. Landsberger, JNES 14 18 and n. 17; (von Soden,
SfG la-hi-im // KUmu-muKU // la-ba-su // KUmu-muKU Or. NS 35 13); Oppenheim Beer p. 43 n. 39.
// la-ha-mu it is covered with shaggy hair : KU.KU
(is) labaSu "to dress," KU.KU (is also) lahamu "to
lahaimu see lemu.
be hairy" CT 41 30:13 (Alu Comm., to Tablet lahandu see lahantu.
XLV).
tu-ldh-ha-am 5R 45 K.253 iv 58; tu-Aal-ha-am lahangiddu s.; (a beer jug); lex.*; Sum.
ibid. vii 24 (gramm.). lw.; cf. lahannu.
[summa flulimum Sartam la-hi-im if the dug.la.ha.an.gid.da = na-as-bu-u, su-u,
spleen is covered with shaggy hair YOS 10 gu-ug-gu-ru Hh. X 85ff.; dug.la.ha.an.gid.da
= na-as-bu-u = ka-ni-n[u d KA.SAG], dug.la.ha.
41:30, also BM 22694:46 (OB ext.); summa an.gid.da = v-u =MIN Hg. II 54f., in MSL 7 109.
ahi4 sIG le-hi-im if a pig is covered with hair
See also latangidd .
CT 38 46:24, also ibid. 25-27 (SB Alu), for
comm., see lex. section; uummu ,a sfG la- lahannatu s.; (mng. uncert.); SB.*
a -mu a dormouse that is covered with long URU ni-ip-pu-ri-ti la-ha-na-tu da-gu-up-tu
hair Labat TDP 194:48; ,umma sinnistu ulidr my girl from Nippur, the sweet 1. KAR 158
ma MIN-ma sipdta la- i-[im] if a woman gives vii 18.
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lahannu laljannu
Connection with lahhinatu (see alahhinatu) each, one in front of DN, one in front of DN2
is doubtful, because this has no variant ABL 951:18 (coll. K. Deller), cf. [7 DUG.L]A.HA.
*la(h)hanatuattested; also uncertain is the AN GE§TIN 7 DUG.LA.HA.AN KA§.ME§ [7 DUG.
etym. relation with Aram. lehnd, a person in L]A.HA.AN GA.ME§ 7 DUG.[LA].IA.AN LAL seven
the service of the temple, see Landsberger, 1.-s with wine, seven with beer, seven with
Baumgartner AV 204. milk, seven with honey (in a namburbi ritual)
ABL 977 r. 13f. (both NA); 7 la-ha-an-ni LAL
lahannu (lahianu) s.; (a bottle); OB
i.NUN.NA GE§TIN KA§ A.ME tumalldma ina
Alalakh, EA, MA, SB, NA, Akkadogram in
muhhi abri tesen mihha tanaqqi you fill seven
Bogh.; pl. lahanni and lahannatu; wr. syll.
.-bottles with honey, ghee, wine, beer, and
and DUG.LA.HA.AN; cf. lahangiddi.
water, and arrange them on the brazier, you
dug.la.ha.an = la-ha-an-nu, [dug.la.ha.an.
Lt.DIN.na] = MIN si-pi-e
make a mihhu-offering KAR 25 iii 17, cf. 7 DUG
tavern keeper's bottle
(followed by 1. for water, milk, beer) Hh. X 79-79a, la-ha-na-te ... tumalldma BBR No. 26 ii
cf. dug.la.ha.nu.um MSL 7 200:42 (OB 15f.; 1 DUG.LA.HA.AN A 1 DUG.LA.HMA.AN KA§
Forerunner to Hh.); dug.la.ha.an.su = na-ah- tumalldma ina let V.GI§.SAR taakkan AMT
bu-u, na-as-bu-u, la-ha-an qa-a-ta Hh. X 83-84a, 100,3:10 and 17, parallel AMT 15,3:8, cf. DUG.
[dug.la.ha.an.su.i] = MIN gal-la-pi barber's jug
ibid. 84b. LA.HA.AN.MES dikara tumalla BBR No. 58:7,
Or. NS 36 282 r. 3, ibid. 34:8, Or. NS 34 126:9,
a) in gen.: ina miiim ajumma DUG la- cf. also AMT 57,9:5, DUG.LA.HA.AN.MES me u
h[a]-na issuksumma somebody threw a 1.- ikari ... tukdn TuL p. 50:17, 112:40, KAR
bottle at him at night VAS 16 153:7 (OB let.); 357:11; me pd9iri nri ina DUG.LA.HA.AN [... ]
ki-me-er-tam ina la-hi-a-nim Aubilam billatam Kocher BAM 129 i 8, restored from CT 23 6 ii 10;
sibilam send me .... in a bottle(?), send me [DU]G.LA.HA.AN tanaqqiunuti AAA 22 p. 60
billatu-beer Kraus AbB 1 94 r. 9; 14 la-ha-nu ii 13, wr. 2 DUG la-ha-ni.MES KAR 374 r. 10,
(beside kukkubu, pursitu, and other vessels) (in broken context) AfO 12 142 ii 2, STT 73:118.
KAV 118:3 (MA); 3 la-ha-nu hurasi (among
other precious objects) Wiseman Alalakh 390:3 2' for preparing medications: DUG.LA.
(MB), cf. LA-HA-AN-NI KU.BABBAR KUB 32 128 IA.AN sikar sdbi tumallama sammi annti
i 13 and 22, (of gold) ibid. 14 and 23; 1 la-ha- ana libbi tamahhas you fill a 1. with beer from
an-nu a abni one glass 1. (beside an alabaster the tavern keeper, and stir these herbs into it
huliam-bowl) EA 22 ii 62; 1 la-ha-nu ga sise Kocher BAM 248 iv 14, cf. (the medication)
sa a-mu-[il-ti sa A.MUSEN.MES hurdsi tamlil ana DUG.LA.HA.AN tanagsar you decant into
(see amutu B usage b) ibid. i 55 (list of gifts of a 1.-bottle AMT 61,6:3 + 83,1:13; uncert.:
Tusratta); if a lizard ina DUG.LA.HA.AN ina NA 4 .LA.IA.AN <HI.HI> sepeu SE§.ME§-ma
KAS [... ] [is found] in a beer bottle CT 40 you mix(?) (the medication) in a stone(?)
28 K.3731+ :11. 1. and put the salve on his feet Kocher BAM
b) in rituals - 1' for libations: 1 la-ha-na 122 r. 16.
sa GESTIN 1 la-ha-na sa KAS ina battubatten sa
3' for holding objects: supri a ikassapuni
kanuni ana qaqqiri ugammar (the king)
[ina D]UG la-ha-ni [i]gakkunu they place the
empties one 1. of wine, one 1. of beer on the
nails that they trim off in a 1. ABL 4 r. 3 (NA);
ground around the braziers ZA 50 194:17f.,
galldbissu ippus ina DUG.LA.HA.AN ikammis:
cf. 2 la-ha-na-a-te sa GESTIN garru ana qaqqiri
ma he shaves himself and collects (the
inaqqi ibid. 23, cf. ibid. 27 and 30, also [1 la-
shavings) into a 1. (lutes its opening) Or. NS
ha-na sa uqni ki]ri sa GESTIN one 1. of
36 21:7, NU LU.UT ina DUG.LA.IH[A.AN ... ]
artificial lapis lazuli (i.e., glass) with wine
ibid. 2 and 6 (MA rit.); [2 DUG l]a-ha-a-ni sa you [put] the figurine of the dead man in a 1.
CT 23 19:4, see Or. NS 24 264.
hurdsi sa [1] siLA-a-a ... issen ina pan Bl
issin ina pan Nabi kardni umalli they fill 4' other occs.: [ikri]b me sa DUG la-4a-ni
with wine two gold 1.-s of one-sila capacity nasima ... ana qdt ili naddnu prayer (to be
39
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lahantu *lahaSu
recited) when taking the water in the 1. and kh ab.gaz.za.mu kh ba.ab.si.il.la.mu
offering it for (washing) the hands of the god zd.lum.mar.ra xl : sd flal(!)-ha-ru-u.-ki pi-ti
(obscure) SBH p. 39 r. 1, see Civil, JAOS 88 8.
BBR No. 75-78:11.
la(!)-har-us-ka = A qa-ni-e Malku II 200.
c) varieties - 1' made of porous clay:
ina bit ispatu qasta uktinu la-ha-ru-us-ak
[DUG] la-ha-nu saharratu tanaSisma you
undalli qani ebbutu they placed the bow in
take a porous 1. (for washing hands) BBR
the bow case, they(!) filled the quiver with
No. 75-78:53, cf. RAcc. 36:24, KAR 28:11, 38
shining arrows STT 366:9, see JNES 26 196;
r. 11 and 31.
KU§ is-pa-t[um ... ] // KUS la-ha-[ru-us-su]
2' made of glass: see EA22 ii62, cited (among twenty divine emblems) LKU 31:13;
usage a, ZA 50 194:2 and 6, cited usage b-l'. 1 la-ha-ru-uh-um (list) UET 5 882:14 (OB).
Civil, JAOS 88 8f.
3' made of precious metals: see usage a.
See also lahtannu and lahtangiddi. *lahatu v.; 1. lithuSu to murmur prayers,
Salonen Hausgerate 2 225ff. 2. luhhusu to whisper, 3. 11/2 to whisper
to oneself; OB, MB, SB; 1/2 (inf. only at-
lahantu (lahandu) s.; (a bird); lex.* tested), II, 11/2, II/3; cf. lihu, mulahhisu.
ka.su.kud.da musen = sa-a-a-hu = la-ha-an- su-u u = [lu]-uh-hu-su Idu II 265; te-er
tum(vars. -td, -du) Hg. C I 4, in MSL 8/2 p. 171, KAXPI = lu-hu-s[u-um] MSL 2 154:6' (Proto-Ea);
vars. from Hg. B IV 287, ibid. p. 170. tu-leh-has 5R 45 K.253 iv 56 (gramm.).
laharitum s. (or adj.) fem.; (a garment); 1. lithuSu to murmur prayers: tasemme

OB.* ... sukena kitmusu lit-hu-su u labdn appi
you (Samar) heed (prayers), obeisance,
5 TUG la-ha-ri-tum uS SAG(?) 10 TUG la-ha-
kneeling, murmuring of prayers and pros-
ri-tum PA.PA 40 TUG la-ha-ri-tum 6 96 TUG
tration Lambert BWL 134:131.
la-ha-ri-tum 5 95 TUG ba-ta-tum 4 MA.NA
five 1.-s of second (or?) first quality, ten 2. luhhusu to whisper - a) in gen.:
1.-s .... , forty 1.-s (weighing) six (minas [ana uz]un belisu ul-ta-a[h-bi-is] he kept
each), 96 1.-s (weighing) five (minas each), whispering into the ear of his master ARM 2
95 .... -s (weighing) four minas (each) CT 45 23 r. 3', cf. [x x] UD PN ul-ta-ah-hi-is-ma
36 ii 9-12, also ibid. i 10-12, cf. x TtG.GU.E ibid. 6'; ina d-pa-hu-ti-ka ina libbi uzneka
la-ha-<ri-tum> u~ SAG x T1UG.G.E la-ha-ri- u-l1a-i-is in your .... I whispered into
tum x nahlaptu-cloaks of l.-quality(?) of your ears JSS 4 9 A 14 (SB lit.); i sa rak:
second (or?) first quality, x nahlaptu-cloaks buma ina uzniSa u-lah-ha-ds as he (the
of l.-quality(?) ibid. iiillf.; 30(?) TUG la-ha- stallion) is mounting (the jenny) he whispers
ri-tum PA.PA 120 TUG la-ha-ri-tum 4 MA.NA into her ear Lambert BWL 218 iv 16.
iii 6f.
b) with ref. to prayers and incantations:
laharuhu see laharussu. li-i-Su tu-[lah-hba] teriqqamma you murmur
the prayer and go away TuL p. 106 r. 49 (rit.);
laharutak see laharussu. GI.DUG.GA N 3-u ana libbi
ina GI.SAG.KUD
uzni sist a Sumeli tu-li-has through a pipe
laharuSku see laharussu. of aromatic reed you murmur the incantation
laharu u (laharuak,laharusku, laharulhu) three times into the left ear of the horse
8.; quiver, box to hold arrows or whips; KAR 218:10 (tamitu), also RAcc. 12:10 and 12,
OB, MB, SB. 20:11 and 13, 26:18; ana libbi uzni imittilu u
.umlidu 3.TA.iM tu-lah- ad you whisper
gis B.zi.lum.ma.gigir = la-ha-ru-u4-ku Hh.
three times into his (the bull's) right and
V 17, gig 6.zi.lum.ma = la-a-ru-u-u Hh.
VII A 64, kus 6.zd.l[um.ma] = la-.ha-ru-uA-k[a] left ears RAcc. 24 r. 9; Lt.GALA ... ana uzni
Hh. XI 102, see MSL 9 198. imittiSu ana uzni Bumelisu 4-la-a[h-haa] the
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lahaitu lahmu
kali-singer whispers (the prayer) into his Perhaps to be connected with la'dsu or
right ear (and) into his left ear LKU 51:31 lahdSu.
(rit.); kima annam tamtanil ana libbi uzni For LTBA 2 2:129, see ib in la ihi. For a
MI-.[...] ki-a-am tu-l&h-haa 4R Add. p. 5 to suggested reading in PBS 1/1 2:38 and 45, see
pl. 21 81-2-4,282 r. 8; [ana ... ] uznesu tu-lah- Jacobsen, PAPS 107 483 n. 34.
has AMT 34,2:2, cf. BBR No. 38:12 and 18.
lahmu (lahamu) adj.; hairy, shaggy; OB;
3. 11/2 to whisper to oneself: umma ul- cf. lahamu A.
tah-ha-as if he whispers to himself (preceded [...]-as LtjxsfG.BU = la-ah-mu A VII/2:34;
by rigma kabar, rigma qatan he is loud/soft [...] = [la]-ah-mu, [la]-hi-mu Antagal fragm. h 'f.;
spoken) AfO 11 224:83 (physiogn.). la-ha-mu = la-hi-mu LTBA 2 2:185.
Lah-mu-um (personal name) RA 15 135:13
lahatu see *lahadu.
(OB).
lahatu see *lahddu.
lahmu (lahamu) s.; (a monster); OAkk.,
lahhinatu see *alahhinatu. Mari, SB, NA; pl. lahmu and lahmanu.
lahhinu see alahhinu. dGU.UD = dLah.ma = d[...], dsan.an.na =
dKI.IB = d[... ], dGU4 = dLah.ma = dA-nu-[... ],
Lahhu s.; (name of a month); Ur III, Mari, dGU 4 = dLa.ha.ma = d[...] KAV 54:6-9, dupls.
Elam. r. 4-7, 52:4-7 and 71:3-6; dKA.he.gal dIgi.h6.
warah La-hi-im gAl la.ha.ma (var. dHA.LA-ma) abzu.kex(KID) :
ARMT 11 74:9, 230:9, and
dMIN dMIN la-ha-mu 3[a ... ] DN (and) DN 2 (the
passimin Mari, wr. La-ah-hi-im ARMT 11184:8, two gatekeepers of Ea) are the 1.-s of the apse
cf. ITI La-ah-hu-um MDP 28 484:6, ITI La- RA 17 132 K.4147:8, also TCL 15 10:103, var.
hu-um MDP 28 467:3, for Ur III refs. from from CT 24 29:112 (list of gods).
Elam, see MDP 10 p. 80; exceptionally in
a) as a mythological creature: [gama]s
Babylonia: ITI La-hu-um Eames Coll. No.
birbirrukaina apsi uridu [dlah-m]u jst tamti
25*: 8 (from Nippur?).
inattalu nurka Samas, your rays reach down
lahhupu see *luhhupu. to the abyss, so that the monsters of the deep
behold your light Lambert BWL 128:38, cf.
lahianu see lahannu. dlah-mu s[it tdm]ti sa mall puluhta the
lahiijanitu s.; (a shell); OB.* monsters of the sea, filled with fearsomeness
na 4 .PE 4 = issillatu = la-hi-ia4 -na-te(var. -tum) ibid. 136:171; dlah-mu igruru Istar ina ursisa
ul isabbat ittu the lahmu-monsters became
Hg. B IV 107; NA 4 bi-is-sir-ta-a-ni : NA4 la-hi-ia-
frightened, Istar cannot go to sleep in her
na-tu (followed by kapasu) Uruanna III 174, see
MSL 10 70:17 and 71:70. bed (replaced by kusarikku in parallel, see
uz
3 SILA 10 GIN NA4 ka-ba-sum la-a-na(!)- gardru B mng. la-l') Craig ABRT 2 8 r. i 1;
tur (or la-hi(!)-a(!)-na-tum) UET 5 546:5. Enki ana la-ah-mi z-[...] Lambert-Millard
Oppenheim, Or. NS 32 408ff. Atra-hasis p. 78 II iii 30; iktala ana dlah-ma-ni
lahimu adj.; hairy; lex.*; cf. lahdmu A. K.3458:16, cf. dlah-ma-ni ik-tdl-[x] ibid. r. 4
(NA lit.); usz[i]z baSmu muShuSSu u dla-ha-mu
la-ha-mu = la-hi-mu LTBA 2 2:185; [...] =
[la]-ah-m[u], [la]-hi-mu Antagal h 1'-2'.
she (Tiamat) arrayed (for the battle) a
serpent-monster, a dragon and a 1.-monster
*lhi§u (or ld'isu, fem. ldhistu) adj.; En. el. I 141, also ibid. II 27, III 31 and 89; be
(mng. unkn.); OB.* conjured by zi dla.ha.ma ab.zu(!) GU.GU.A
la-hi-is-ta dSalta da assumiSa ibnUsi Ea ArOr 21 395:33 (coll. W. G. Lambert); note the
niddiku iddt dunnisa kala nidi uemi Ea, description of such creatures: la-ak-mi A.AB.
the prince, made all men hear the signs of BA iit Ea a sea monster belonging to Ea
the might of 1. Saltu, whom he had created MIO 1 72 iv 4, cf. (named adamm) dlk(var.
because of her (i.e., Itar) RA 15 181:15 (OB lakb)-mu iit Ea ibid. 74 iv 48, (named hindu)
Agusaja). ibid. 78 v 42, (named la-ah-mu ippiru) ibid.
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lahmu lahru
76 v 10; ann'dtu lh(var. la-ah)-mu sa same u Samsi KAR 214 i 28, parallel KAV 83:2, cf. KAR
erseti Sa apsi Mit Ea these are the monsters 214 i 13, dlah-mu.ME 3R 66 i 16, dupl. BiOr 18
of heaven and the nether world, (originating) 199:51, 200 ii 6, dLah-mu.MES-salmu K.9925
from the aps2, belonging to Ea ibid. 76 v 11 i 2, see Frankena Takultu p. 9 (all takultu-rit.);
(description of representations of demons), note 2 dlah-me kaspi tamil it tdmti two mon-
MU.BI lah-mu Mst DN its name is Lahmu, sters of silver representing sea creatures (for
belonging to Gula (referring to the "dog of description, see atulimdnu) Streck Asb. 172:56,
Gula") ibid. 78 v 51. cf. (referring to the same statues) 2 dlah-me
esmare ibid. 150:74, also Thompson Esarh. pl.
b) worshiped in the cult: 2 NA 4.MES dlah- 15 iii 7, cf. also Iraq 7 98:15 (Asb.).
mu two stones (for the two) l.-(gods) MVAG
3' represented on vessels and seals: 1 GAL
41/3 10 ii 10 (MA); offerings to dlah-mu dkit-ti
la-ah-mu a cup representing a 1.-monster
dmi-gar-u u dajdnu VAS 6 213 ii 15 (NB), cf.
ARM 7 102:2, kunukkima da la-ah-mi ...
dLa-ah-mu Surpu VIII 35.
nassu they bring (to you) my cylinder seal
c) representations - 1' in gen.: x gu4 - showing a 1.-monster KAV 98:9 (MA let.).
sa-ri-ku 2 la-ah-ma-an Ki.GI ismutu (statues Apart from the theogonic pair dLahmu
of) x bisons and two 1.-demons of gold, they and dLahamu (En. el. I 10, 78, III 4, 68, VI 157,
stripped (them) PBS 9 30:2 (OAkk.); 2 sal but Ea and Lahamu (= Damkina) I 84,
me lia-me.MES (var. dlah-mu.MEi) (among note also the variant writing dLah-ha En. el.
figurines of other mythological creatures) III 125), there exists a generic term lahmu
BBR No. 50 ii 2, see Gurney, AAA 22 49, var. from (in Sum. la.ha.ma) for beings associated
D.T. 186; Sepdja lah-mu mukabbisdt lah-me with the apse (or engur), see usage a, and
my feet are 1.-monsters standing on 1.-mon- for Sum. refs., Falkenstein, AnOr 30 p. 80. Both
sters Maqlu VII 53, see AfO 21 78; Sa ... [...] in Sum. and in later texts, the lahmu's are
dldh-mu il-lab-bi-4i (the lord) who is clothed used as apotropaic figures at the gates, and
in [. .. ] of a 1. AfO 17 313 B 6 comm. their identification with bull-colossi is based
only on their equation in the late god lists
2' standing at gateways: bame lah(!)-me
with dGUD and dGUD.UTU, while Assurbani-
ku-sa-rik-kum (among representations of
pal's description of them as holding emblems
mythological creatures decorated with pre-
in both hands contradicts this identification.
cious stones on the gate of the Marduk temple)
Heimpel Tierbilder 325f.
5R 33 iv 50 (Agum-kakrime); urmahhe anze
nd'iri dlah-me dku-ri-bi Sa kaspi u ere uS~pis lahmu see la'mu.
ma nereb babdnia ulziz I had lions, anzd-
birds, (storm demons with) mouths agape, lahru s. fem.; 1. ewe, full-grown female
1.-demons and protective genii made of silver sheep, 2. (a poetic term for flock); from
and copper, and placed them at the entrance OAkk., OB on; wr. syll. and (uvD.)Vg.
of its gateways (referring to the Istar temple) [lah-ru] f[ul = [la]h-rum, [im-mir-tum] A
1/2:309f.; 6us = lah-rum, [im-mir-tum], [u-a] u 8 =
Borger Esarh. 33:10, cf. ibid. 95 r. 9; dlah- lah-rum, i[m]-mir-[tum] A I/2:303ff.; us us =
me kuribi a sdriri ruS~S idi ana idi ulziz ld[h-ru], 6-ia u = [MINI, lah-ru v = [MIN Sb I
I placed 1.-demons (and) protective genii of 134-134b; i vu, u-a u s, la-ah-rum us, ga-nam u 8 =
bright gold facing each other (at the entrance [...] Ea I 109ff.; u6 Uo, 6-a U10 , la-ah-rum (var.
la-har) u 10 = la-ah-ru (var. ldh-rum) Ea I 207ff.;
of the cella of the Assur temple) Borger Esarh.
u8 = [lah-ru] Hh. XIII 183, also (qualified as (la)
87:24; 2 dlah-mu e mari sdpin ajdbja ina aritu, (la) alittu) ibid. 184-89; u s .sila 4 na.a =
bdb sit Sami imna u ,umela uarSid at the 4a puhassa ni[lu], us.sila 4 [du].a = MIN illa[ku],
east gate, on the right and on the left, I set u8 .sila 4 [bul].a = MIN ize['eru] ibid. 190ff.
up two 1.-demons (made) of edmard-silver, ug sila 4 .bi ga.ga.mu : lah-ru u puhassa
iallal[u] they take away the ewe and her lamb
(represented as) stepping on my enemies (parallel: enza u laldSa) 4R 30 No. 2:4f., cf. u s
VAB 4 222 ii 16 (Nbn.), cf. dlah-me sa bsb sit sila4 udu amas.a : la-ah-ru pu-had-sa im-mer
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lahru lahru
su-pu-ri CT 13 37:28; u s sila 4 in.sub : lah-ri iv 7 and 127:6; GA Us sheep's milk (beside
puhddu iddima the ewe has lost her lamb (the goat GA AB and GA tz) LKA 108:8, of. ina GA U8
her kid) SBH p. 131:56f.; e.bi dDug.ki.ga dau
dE.TIR mu.un.si.es.am : ina biti dDU6.Kt.GA KU 7 .KU 7 NAG Kocher BAM 159 ii 11 and dupl.
9a lah-ra dKI.MIN duMiA (see dus4 lex. section) 160:3, also AMT 94,2:2; [inuma UD]U.NITA ina
CT 16 14 iv 30f.; u s ta.ra sig su.ru (pronunci- muhhi U8 [idEitu] when the ram mounted the
ation) fu8 l dara 4 [sig] LA : la-ah-ri ra-ap-Sa-a-tim ewe Biggs gaziga p. 60 AAA 3 pl. 27 No. 5:5;
Sa §i-pa-a-ti na-i-a vast flocks of wool-bearing
ina sindt U8 GiB NU.zU with the urine of an
(sheep) CBS 11319+ ii 9'ff. (OB lex., courtesy
M. Civil). unmated female sheep CT 40 13:45, cf. U8
su-a-tu = la-ah-ru Malku V 34. G16 la pd-ti-tum MDP 14 No. 90:1 (OAkk. rit.),
also Tv sasuntu : AS SIG Ug NU BAD Uruanna
1. ewe, full-grown female sheep - a) wr. III 118, and similar ibid. 24 and 49; kima ...
syll.: la-ah-ri ina qaqqar nakrim iSassi ... irhil ... U s (var. [lah]-ri) immersa just as
la-ah-ri u puhdssa itbalu my ewe cries in her ram impregnated the ewe Maqlu VII 25,
enemy land, they have taken away my ewe var. from AfO 21 78, cf. rz kalumaSa u s
and her lamb UET 6 403:6 and 8, of. la-ah-ri
SILA4 -ri1 atdnum mura MAD 5 No. 8:23
nardm ina su-pi-ri ibid. 9 (OB lament.); ki-ma
(OAkk. inc.); DID Ug UR.MAH [U.TU] if a ewe
lah-ri ... sd pu-had-sa Sa-da-ad like a ewe gives birth to a lion Leichty Izbu V 6ff., and
whose lamb has been taken away (Sum. passim in Izbu, also ibid. XVIII 1-6, CT 28 38
destroyed) PBS 1/2 125:14, see also 4R 30,
79-7-8, 113:8f. (SB Alu); U8 .ME§-ka (var. U8 .
SBH p. 131, CT 16, in lex. section; UDU UDU.HI.A.ME§) tu'dmi llida your ewes will
lah-ri GAL-tc dlittu BE 9 1:16, cf. [lah-ri] bear twins Gilg. VI 18.
Jlitti BE 10 74:2; note (after UDU puhal)
UDU lah-ri PBS 2/1 118:1 (all NB). c) wr. U8 .HI.A: Us.HI.A mera a atdnu
murasa the ewe her young one, the she-
b) wr. vU: u s (beside UDU.NITA and male donkey her foal AMT 67,3:5; ina la slija ana
and female SILA4 ) Grant Bus. Doc. 71:1, also
muhhi U.HI.A illikuma U8 .PI.Ailqeam VAS 16
61:1, BE 6/2 2:1, 6, PBS 8/1 14:1, 32 i 1, 66:1, 124:20 and 22, cf. CT 4 24a:25, UET 5 807:26
UET 5 612:1, 807:1, 809:1, and passim in OB;
(OB), 1 pu-hal 8 Ug.HI.A one ram and eight
Us MU 2.KAM a two-year-old ewe BE 17 24:24,
ewes (and four parrdt, summed up as 13 senu)
28 (MB let.); 50 Us.MES MU 2 KAJ 91:3 (MA);
UCP 9 66 No. 43:2; U g.HI.A YOS 7 128:12,
1 v 1 ka-lum 1 par-rat one ewe, one lamb,
14ff., 23, 25, Moldenke 2 11:2 (NB), etc.
one young female sheep AnOr 8 35:4; 1 me
Us u UDU.Uz a sizib naphar 2 me senu one d) wr. UDU.Ug: 1-en UDU pu-hal u 4-ta
hundred (each) of ewes and she-goats giving UDU.U 8 .ME YOS 7 140:1 and 23, cf. 1 UDU.U8
suck, in all two hundred head of sheep and TCL 13 133:10, 14 UDU.U8 Speleers Recueil
goats ibid. 67:4; 1-en pu-hal 1-et u s one ram, 285:12, and passim in NB, note UDU.Ug.HI.A
one ewe YOS 7 35:7, cf. YOS 6 68:2, 128:2, VAS 6 67:11, x UDU puhdla x UDU.U.U.TU.
1-et uvs a kakkabtu sendetu one ewe which is ME UCP 9 102 No. 40:12 (NB); five hides of
branded with a star YOS 7 111:6, U s Se-mit- UDU.U8 .MES (beside hides of UDU.NITA.MES)
tum ibid. 118:7; 1 pagra Sa Ug 2 a par-rat KAJ 225:1 and 8, 3 UDU.U s KAJ 94:1 and 6,
UCP 9 68 No. 52:1; Ug GAL-td dlitti BE 10 1 UDU.Ug UDU.GUKKAL KAJ 190:6f., 1 UDU.U 8
132:3; 1 u s muSsutu an abandoned ewe adi parritisa KAJ 97:1, cf. [x] UDU.Ug.MES
TCL 13 134:4; per year ana 100 U8 66 sitta MU 3 [a]di SILA 4 .ME-,li-na KAJ 88:1; ina
qdtdti mildu an increase of 661 per one ime UDU.Ug.ME§ iddununi the day they
hundred ewes BE 10 131:15, and passim in NB deliver the ewes KAJ 88:19 (all MA); UDU.
econ.; 1 U s ina Ug.UDU.HI.Aana barim TCL 17 Ug.ME§ adi UDU.NITA.ME§-,i-na the ewes with
27:10 (OB let.); ,er dumqi ina der vU-ia ikun their rams ADD 120:1; UDU.Ug.MES ADD
he placed a favorable portent in the body of 1132:2, r. 2.
my sheep CT 34 31 ii 56 (Nbn.); littu inaqarnia e) exceptional writings: U8.GU.LA VAS 13
Ug ina Sipdtia CT 23 1:7, also Kocher BAM 124 101:1, BIN 7 107:9 (OB), Us.AMA AnOr 8 5:1,
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*lah u lahfi A
TCL 12 44:1, Us.SAL.MAIx(AL) YOS 7 143:5f., KISIM 5 XLA = Au-nu Diri V 244f.; [lah-t]a-an fD.
15, 19, BIN 1 174:1; (after VDU puhalu) LAHTAN = [ld]h-ta-nu (name of a canal) Diri III
196a; la-ahtaDAG.KISIMsX LA = la-ah-ta-nu = (Hitt.)
U8 .AB.GAL UCP 9 59 No. 5:2 (all NB); SAL.U8
a-ar-ru-ma-as la-ah-hu-us .... for washing KUB
HSS 10 178:2 (OAkk.); note Ug.Sg.GI 4 YOS 5 3 94 ii 16f., see MSL 2 117.
217 iii 26 (OB).
a) in OB: ula tide ci c4-nu-ut-tu waqrat
2. (a poetic term for flock): banii anan u la-ah-ta-na-tim ina ilim asahhurma ula utd
lah-ri (the god) who creates grain and flocks la-ah-ta-na-tim 5 la-ah-ta-na-tim [... ] do you
En. el. VII 79,cf. dumuq asnan u dU 8 the not know that the utensils are expensive? In
best of grain and flock OIP 2 112 vii 81, town I have been looking for beer vats but
and see CT 16 14 iv 30f., in lex. section; they did not find (any), five beer vats, [...]
hajat dAsnan aLLa-har BMS 12:30, see Ebeling beer vats YOS 2 152:40ff. (OB let., coll. R.
Handerhebung 76, and see for translations agnan Harris); 2 DUG LAITAN (among other jars)
usage a; Ea created dASnan dLa-har dSiri Frank Strassburger Keilschrifttexte 38 r. 2, cf. 4
grain, flocks, beer (for offerings) RAcc. 46:33; PI 3 BAN la-ah-ta-nu-um TLB 1 60:7.
note in god lists: d la-harUg CT 25 20 r. 4; dU8
= KI.MIN KAV 172 ii 6; dU8 = dA-a da ku- b) in SB: [summa kulbabii] ina bit ameli
ne-e CT 25 9 i 15; dGa-a-U = sip a dEN+ZU. ina LAHTAN.MES innamru if in the house of
na.kex(KID), dMIN U8 = SU KAV 179 ii 7. a man ants are found in beer vats KAR 376
r. 26, parallel Boissier DA 2 r. 26; sa ina la-ah-
Landsberger, AfO 10 154; W. G. Lambert, JSS
ta-nim u4 u-b[u-ri-im] appa [i]b-bir-ru [x]
12 104.
(bil. proverb, Sum. broken) Lambert BWL
*lahu s.; (an object made of iron); NB*; 273:22.
pl. lahbdti. See also lahannu and lahangiddd.
43 MA.NA AN.BAR KI.LA 20 la-ah-sd-ti PN Salonen Hausgerate 2 206ff.; Civil, Studies
mahir PN has received 43 minas of iron, Oppenheim 82; Waetzoldt, WO 5 17 f.
(being) the weight of 20 1.-s CT 44 90:5. lahtu s.; pit; lex.*
lahu see lashu. tu-ul TfL = lah-tum A I/2:163; up TtL = lah-tum
ibid. 171; [si-d]ug LAGABXDAR = la-ah-tum ibid.
lahtangiddu s.; (an elongated beer jug); 245; [x]-x-la .KI.Si.GA = la-ah-tum, hastum Diri
lex.*; Sum. lw.; cf. lahtanu. V 303f.
dug.lahtan(NUNUZ.KISIM 5 XLA).gid.da = §-u, lahfi A s.; jaw; Nuzi, SB.

huburu, lullakku Hh. X 7ff.
uzu.me.ze.gid.da Hh. XV 13, [uzu.me.
See also lahangiddl. ze].gal = la-hu-d, kanzuzu ibid. 14b-15; lu-um
LUM = la-hu-u A V/1:63; mul.gud.an.na =
lahtanu s.; beer vat; OB, SB; Sum. lw.; UZU.ME.ZI le-e = la-he-e al-pi Hg. B VI 43.
pl. lahtandtu; wr. syll. and LAHTAN (= NUNUZ.
KISIM 5 xLA); cf. lahtangidd4.
mihsisu Sa PN itamru la-hu.MES-uM ina
hatti mahis u dama muSSur they looked at
dug.lahtan = lah-ta-nu (followed by lahtans
giddi, huburu, lullakku) Hh. X 6ff., cf. dug. the bruises of PN: his jaws had been bruised
lahtanx(NuNuz.ABXGAG), dug.lahtanx.gid.da, with a stick, and were bleeding HSS 9 10:8
dug.dir.lahtanx MSL 7 199: ff. (OB Forerun- (leg.); .umma sinnistu ulidma la-hu-si
ner to Hh.); dug.lahtan(uNxuz.ABXLA) = KI.TA NU GAL.MES if a woman gives birth,
lah-ta-nu = nam-har // nar-fr-bi, dug.mi.d = hu-
bu-ru = MIN acd i-ka-ri Hg. A II 65f., in MSL 7
and the lower jaws of the child are missing
109f.; lah-ta-an NUNUZ+KISIMs5XGUD, NUzNUZ+ Leichty Izbu III 34, cf. ibid. 33, also (with the
KISIMXNE = [lah-ta-nu] Ea VIII Excerpt A 11'f.; right, left, upper and lower jaws) ibid. VII 54-62,
lab-ta[n] [NUNUZ+KISIM 5 XLA] = lah-t[a-nu] (fol- cf. also ,umma ... uzun imitti u ina la-4i-,i
lowed by hubiru) A VIII/4:143; lah-ta-an NUNUZ.
tehdt ibid. XI 22f.; umma izbu ME.Z-f
KISIMs XLA = lah-ta-nu, mu-ud NUNUZ.KISIMs XKA
= hu-bu-rum Sb II 298f.; mu-ud DUG.NUTNUZ. la-u-u u KA-um NU GL.MES if the malformed
KISIM5 XKAA = hu-bu-ru, [la-a]b-t[a] DUG.NUNUZ. animal has no jowls, jaws or mouth ibid. VII
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lah B lakQ
48, cf. ibid. 50, cf. lahru ulidma la-hu- Nu la-ka-du = a-la-a-ku An IX 61; tu-lak-kd
TUK a sheep gave birth and (the lamb) had 5R 45 K.253 iv 20 (gramm.); i-lak-kid // la-ka-du //
la-[8a(?)-mu(?)] Lambert BWL 84:247 (Theodicy
no jaws AfO 16 pl. 18 r. 9f., see P. Neugebauer Comm.).
and Weidner, BSGW 67 p. 45:9f. (NB diary);
i-lak-kid labbiS rabi ahi uruhMu the first-
Summa IGI.MES-sc SIG7 mahsu u la-u-i
born son forges his way like a lion Lambert
patra if his face is suffused with yellow and
BWL 84:247 (Theodicy), for comm., see lex.
his jaws are loose Kraus Texte 13:3 and dupls.
section; marati rihit nakru i-lak-kid an[a ... ]
15:3, 16 i 3, cf. jumma la-hu-Su patru AfO 11
the daughters spared by the enemy run to
224:70 (physiogn.); GUD.AMAR ... [...] ina
[...] LKU 43:7 (SB lit.); [... ] ta-lak-kid [... ]
pika puur ina la-hi-ka S~us ina Suburrika
(in broken context) K.13873:6'; kima neim
0 calf, [... it] from your mouth, let it loose
e-ez aldka kima barbarim la-ka-ta ma-ad-x
from your jaw, let it go from your anus
like a lion it (the arrow) is swift in flight, like
BMS 61:18, restored from LKA 153 r. 17 (inc.);
a wolf it is .... in movement UET 6 399:6
is-s[a]-bat la-he-e-iu it (the buinu-disease)
(OB inc.), cf. kima nei ma[li] puluh[ta] kima
has seized his jaws Kocher BAM 29 r. 21, wr.
barbari la-ka-da ussur full of terror like a
la-he-e K.2262:21, AMT 46,2:7, (with var.
lion, free to run like a wolf Kiichler Beitr. pl.
lu-'-a) AMT 18,11:8.
4 iii 66; uncert.: mamman la izziza la-ka-
See discussion sub isu s.
da-a(var. adds -am) (when) no one stood by
For CT 11 40b:6 (= A I/6:110), see ath~.
me to .... Sollberger, JEOL 20 55:39b, see
Kraus, Or. NS 16 191.
ibid. p. 67 (NB Cruc. Mon. Manistusu).
lahu B s.; dry wood; lex.*; Sum. lw.
lakanu s.; (a type of sheep); OA.*
gii.la.ahLAi = la-hu-u Hh. VI 75.
49 emmeru A.BA 9 etudi 8 Id-ka-NUM
lahu s.; sprout; syn. list*; WSem. lw. simsunu x kaspum 49 sheep, among them
la-a-hu = pi-ir-hu CT 18 3 iv 1 (Explicit Malku nine rams (and) eight 1.-sheep, their price
III). is x silver BIN 4 162:6, cf. 49 emmeri sA.
BA 8 la-ka-nu OIP 27 55:5; la-ka-nu-um
la'ibu s.; affected by li'bu (occ. as personal
PN a 1.-sheep : PN TCL 20 191:2, and passim
name only); OAkk.*; cf. la'abu.
in this text; as personal name: Ld-ka-num
La-i-bu-um TCL 16 73 pl. 142 No. 73:11, see
BIN 4 204:3 and 7.
ZA 42 37 n. 6 (OB copy of Ur III Sum. lit. text);
La-e-bum MAD 3 159. lakatu see lakadu.
The OAkk. personal names written La-wi-
purm, La-wI-ip-tum, La-BI-pum, and La-wi- lakbu s.; (a vessel); lex.*
ip-tum, see MAD 3 159 and 163, do not seem dug.la.ak.bu.um MSL 7 207:34 (Forerunner
to Hh. X).
reconcilable with the spellings La-i/e-pum.
Landsberger, ZA 42 37 n. 6. lakittu see allaku adj.
la'iranu see amiranu. lakku (or laqqu) s.; (a vessel made of silver);
Qatna.*
la'i~ see la'4 mng. la.
1 la-ak-ku Ki.BABBAR 9a DINGIR a-bi 8 GiN
IS'iSu see *lahisu. KI.LA.BI-JU one 1. made of silver, for DN(?),
la'Itu see litu usage b-2'. its weight being eight shekels RA 43 210:44
(inv.).
lakadu (lakdtu) v.; to run; OB, SB;
lakkfi (AHw. 529a) see lukk.
I ilakkid, II.
ku-ul KUL = la-ka-dum MSL 2 p. 135 b 12 lakfI (fernm. lakitu) adj.; 1. suckling, young,
(Proto-Ea), cf. kul = la-a-ka-du Izi E 239c, kul =
la-ka-a-dum Proto-Izi I 176; KAS 4 = la-ka-tu 2. infant, suckling child; OAkk., OB, MA,
Proto-Izi I 430. SB, NA.
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lake lalnu
u1.ban.da = l[a-hu/ku-4-um], sehrum OB Lu (I swear) by the gods of the king, my lord,
A 368f.; [ba-an]-da BAN.DA = la'2, la-ku-u Diri I that from the time PN (the crown prince)
281f.; ba-an-da BAN.DA = serr[u], seh[ru], la-ku-[u]
Sa Voc. V 19'ff.; tu-ur Tv = la-ku-u (preceded by was an infant, until your gods DN, DN2, and
.erru, la'", sehru) A VII/4:69. DN3 made him an adult (lit. counted him
gi-na TUR = Serru, la-ku-[u] Sa Voc. V 17'f.; among the people) (we have not ceased
bu-un-gu Uv.GA = [la]-ku-u (preceded by serru, performing rituals) ABL 450 r. 4 (both NA);
sehru, la'u) Diri IV 159; [la]-al-la LA.LA = la-ku-
in apposition to serru: umma seru ana
[um] Proto-Diri 73f.; IGIh-en-zarDIM = la-ku-u (in
group with .erru, sehru, la'') Erimhus V 156; muhhi Berri la-ke-e imqut if a snake falls on
he-en-zer IGI.DIM = la-ku-u (in same context) a suckling infant CT 38 36:69 (SB Alu), cf. ibid.
Diri II 166. 70f.; ana Berri la-ke-e lubki I will weep
hi-bi-lisUR.DI = la-ku-u (in group with erru,
over the suckling infant CT 15 45:36 (Descent
la'I, gudddu) Antagal C 238; gi-na TUR.DIA =
l[a-ku-u] (preceded by serru, gehru, la'4) A of Istar).
VI/1:115, cf. (in same context) [gi-na] TUR.DI§
= [la-ku-u] Diri I 298.
b) as personal name: La-ki-tum Gelb
[giS.gisimmar.x] = la-ku-u Hh. III 349. OAIC 40:9 (OAkk.), La-ki-tum VAS 7 163:6
la-a-ku-u = ser-ru Explicit Malku I 250; la- (OB).
ku-u = se-eh-ru LTBA 2 2:295; [lal-[ku]-u =
se-eh-ru Malku I 144. **lakfim III (AHw. 529b) read illaka
"goes," for context see kalbdnis.
1. suckling, young - a) suckling, said of
animals: muhha sa sILA4 la-ki-i ga gamma
la lalagu see lallangu.
[... ] tubbal you dry the skull of a suckling
lamb which has not pastured yet AMT 85,3:1, alla'i§ adv.; like a kid; SB*; cf. lald B.
also sa samma la na-[...] MAS.TUR la-ki-i ana epd sarritiitti ahmes ittakkipu la-la-
AMT 12,6:3. 'i-is to gain the kingship they butted each
other with their horns like kids Borger Esarh.
b) young, said of the date palm: see 42 i 44.
Hh. III 349, in lex. section.
lalanfi A adj.; 1. luxuriant, 2. happy;
2. infant, suckling child (in substantival SB; cf. lal A, laldtu, lulli adj. and v., luld A.
use) - a) in gen.: userriti libbi ardtiunappil 1. luxuriant: kiratesu la-la-a-na-ti akSit
la-ku-ti Sa dannitiSunu unakkis kisddati he I cut down his luxuriant orchards TCL 3 265
slit the wombs of the pregnant women, he (Sar.).
put out the eyes of the infants, he beheaded
the adults (among) them LKA 62 r. 3 (MA lit.), 2. happy: if a man's hair is ditto (referent
see Or. NS 18 35; ik-kil x la-ke-e ... liza[m: lost) and pa-ni la-la-ni he has a florid face
mi t]dritkun may he deprive your nursing Kraus Texte 4c ii 11', see MVAG 40/2 78; if there
mothers of the crying of small children is a black spot on the left side of his face:
Wiseman Treaties 438, cf. ikkil 4erri u la-ke-e la-la-ni he is a happy person (contrast: on
(var. la'i) tdritu uzamma (see zummi mng. 2) the right side: lumnani) CT 28 29:13, cf.
Cagni Erra IIIa 17; summa la-ku(text -§u)-ul summa 15 sirSu la-la-ni bajdSi if there is a
Ai ina appi tuli ummisu taSakkanma if he is protuberance on the right side (of his face),
a suckling baby, you put (the medicine) on he is a happy, modest person (parallel:
the nipple of his mother's breast Labat TDP lumnani bajdsi line 18) ibid. 20.
222:40; la-ku-u atta RN you were a babe,
Assurbanipal (when you were sitting on the lalanf B adj.; indigent, powerless; lex.*
lap of DN) Craig ABRT 1 6 r. 7 (oracles for Asb.); 1.A.KAL.nu.tuku, 16.nig.nu.gal.la = la-
la-nu-u, h1.la.la.nu.u = mu-ke-nu MSL 12
sulmu addannid ana la-ku-4 the baby is 228:35ff.; sa-a SA = la-la-nu-u Idu II 151.
much better ABL 392:9, cf. DINGIR.ME§ Sa
See also luland.
LUGAL EN-ia dumma issu PN la-ku-4 iituni
adu DN DN, DN3 ildnika issi nie imntiuni lalanu see lilldnu.
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lala'u lallaritu
lala'u adj.(?); (mng. unkn.); SB.* lalikku see liligd.
ki GUD.ME§ naddku ina ruSuntu [...] ki lali'u see lald B.
KUg.ME§ la-la-'u ka-na-nu ra-[... ] ki MUSEN.
ME§ hu-ri la-la-'u ma-lu-4i sd x [...] like lallangu (lalagu) s.; (a plant); plant list.*
oxen, I lie in the morass, like fish, .... to U.GU.TUR : j lhl-an-gu (var. la-la-gu)
twist [... ], like partridges(?), .... to fill [...] Uruanna II 477; u [s]E ab-s man-na-gu (for
KAR 312:16ff. (SB lit.), dupl. BM 123368, see vars. see abiu) : f la-la-an-gu ibid. 478; u
Bezold Cat. Second Supp. Il-an-gu (vars. IEl-la-an-[gu], [6]E ldl-la-an-
A verb form or a stative is expected on gu) : ~ el-me-su ibid. 479.
the basis of the parallel. For a suggested meaning indigo, based on
a possible connection with Persian lilanj,
lala'u see lald B.
see Thompson DAB 107.
lalenu adv.; above (on a tablet); NB;
Aram. lw. lallaritu s. pl.; wailing, cries of mourning;
SB; cf. lallarig, lallaritu, lallaru.
1 sisau unit tdhazu gabbi aki sa ina la-le-
en-na gatar one horse and the full battle ta me.a.bi h e.la.lu: mind iqbidimma
equipment as it is written above UCP 9 ina dim-ti u lal-la-ra-a-ti what did he say to
p. 275:14; libb4 sa ina la-le-e-nu Satar accord- her amidst tears and wailing? ASKT p.
ing to what is written above PBS 2/1 150:15, 120:23f.; a e.la.lu s[i].bi.ta an.ak : ina
158:14, wr. la-le-nu ibid. 62:13, 106:13. lal-[la-ra]-ti re'im mind ipus what did the
Cardascia Murasuf 155 n. 13; von Soden, Or. shepherd do wailing? Langdon BL No. 8 r. 14f.;
NS 35 14. gt.am uru in.ga.am.me h.li.li : isit
ali isassi ina lal-la-ra-a-ti wailing, she utters
*lalenu see lald B.
a loud cry over the city SBH p. 82 r. 31f.
lalgar s.; cosmic subterranean water; SB; and p. 83: If., also p. 39 r. 27f., cf. ibid. p. 13:5f.;
foreign word. [el.lu] e.ki.bal en.e lu.gar.ra.ba :
[TE].UNU 4 dNun.dim.mud.da lal.gar su ina lal-la-ra-a-timanaE KUR nu-kir-ti be-lum
bi.in.ti : Aubat Ea la-al-g[a-a]r ihuz tis-qur-[tum] ina hddiSu when the lord rushes to the house
the exalted one (Istar) learned about the 1., the in enemy country wailing ASKT p. 124:2f.
dwelling-place of Ea LKA 23 r. 12f. (hymn to
(Nergal hymn); tur.ra.ta h.li.li : se-eh-ra
Istar); ki.a za.e mah.me.en [...] :inaer-se-ti
at-ta si-ra-ta ina lal-[ga-ri ... ] on earth you ina lal-la-ra-a-t2 (in broken context) SBH
(Marduk) are supreme, in the 1. [you are ... ] p. 80: if.; dla-ba-tu = dI§-tar Ad lal-la-ra-te
BA 5 396:3f. CT 24 41:83 (list of gods).
Idl-gar = ap-su-u Malku I 291.
andku Asalluhi hd'it ll-gar bdSimu gid- lallarit adv.; like a wailer; SB; cf.
hu-ru I, Asalluhi, scan the 1., fashion the lallaritu, lallaru.
designs AfO 17 313 C 11, see Lambert, ibid. p. ina pit puridi usarrap lal-la-re-eA within a
319; Nabuf mukil markas la-al-ga-dr who moment he groans like a (professional) wailer
holds the bond of the 1. Ebeling Handerhebung Lambert BWL 40:42 (Ludlul II).
110:6; ka-nak GI.HUR.ME§ AN U KI pi-rid-ti
lal-gar to seal the plans of heaven and earth, lallaris adv.; like honey; SB*; cf. lallaru.
the secret of the 1. KAR 44 r. 8; aSru naklu ardata .... Idl-la-riS u-da-a.-a[p ... ]
subat piriSti a ... nisirti Ihl-gar Sutabulu for all the future he sweetens like honey
qerebSu a beautiful place, a dwelling of ZA 4 240:6 (lit.), see von Soden, ZA 61 58:178.
mystery in which the secret of the I. is
studied OIP 2 94:65 and 103:32 (Senn.). lallarlitu s.; wailing woman; SB; cf.
For refs. to Sum. lIl.har (var. to l1l. lallaratu,lallaris, lallartu.
gar) see M. Civil, Studies Oppenheim 75 and RA abakki kima lal-la-ri-ti (var. talal-la-r[i-
60 92. ti(?)]) anamba sarpi I will cry like a
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lallartu Lallubf
wailing woman, I will wail bitterly Gilg. c) as name of a bee: see Hh. XIV 325 and
VIII ii 3, see JCS 8 93. 332, in lex. section.
lallartu s.; (a leather strap); lex.* d) as name of a cricket - 1' lallaru:

kus.murub 4 .la.l1 = lal-[l]a-ar-tu Hh. XI 115. see Hh. XIV 243 var., in lex. section.
lallartu see lallaru. 2' lallartu: see Hg. B III iv 8, in lex.

section.
lallaru (fer. lallartu) s.; mourner, wailer
(said of persons, birds, or insects making a lallaru s.; white honey; SB; wr. syll. and
humming, wailing sound); OB, SB; cf. LAL.UD ; cf. lalldris.
lallardtu, lallaris, lallaritu. 1ll.hab, 1,l.had = lal-la-a-ru Hh. XXIV i 3f.;
laiLAL had = lal-l[a-a-ru] S a Voc. Q 35'; ha-ad UD
d.[rhull.a.la.bi = lal-la-ru Igituh short
= sd LAL.UD lal-la-ru A III/3:87.
version 277; bul.a.li = lal-la-ru Lu IV 177, SAL.
[...] li.bi.[...] : [...] x u lal-la-ri [. . .]
hul.a.li = lal-la-ar-ti ibid. 178; i.lu.a.li = lal-
LKA 23 r. 5 (hymn to Istar).
la-ru Lu Excerpt I 212; [x.li].li = la-la-ar-tum
lal-ld-rum = dis-[pu] Malku VIII 174.
Proto-Kagal Bil. E 22.
lal.la.ri mu en = (blank) = qa-du-u Hg. B IV zi-kir s[ap-ti-u] kima lal-la-ri eli abrati li-
231, in MSL 8/2 166, var. lal.la.ru mugen =
(blank) = qa-du-u Hg. D 329, in MSL 8/2 175. Sd-tib may his (Marduk's) command be as
ha.mun musen = lal-la-dr-tum Hh. XVIII sweet as white honey to mankind Pinches
328; peix(KI.A).bulug.gA.musen = ar-rat kib-ri Texts in Bab. Wedge-writing 16 r. 3, coll. W. G.
= lal-la-dr-t Hg. B IV 266, Hg. D 341, in MSL 8/2 Lambert; summa ll-la-ra ikul akla matqa
168 and 176; buru5 .ha.mun = lal-la-ar-tum
ikkal if (in his dream) he eats white honey,
(var. lal-la-ri) Hh. XIV 243, cf. buru .ha.mun =
lal-la-ar-tum = [...] Hg. B III iv 8, in MSL 8/2 47; he will eat sweet food Dream-book 316 iv 6;
num.lal = lal-la-dr-t Hh. XIV 325; num.ll.l kurunnu l&l-la-ru biblat Sadde- kurunnu-
= lal-la-dr-tu ibid. 332. beer and white honey, the product of the
a) designating a person: rimum piuu mountains Winckler Sar. pl. 36:170; saptaja
la-al-la-ra-ma(for lallarumma) rigi[mSu] (the lu lal-la-ru may my lips be white honey
cry coming from) his mouth is (like) a wild KAR 144 r. 3, see RA 49 182:3; X SILA LAL.UD
bull, his cry is (like that of) a wailer Nougayrol, CT 32 4 x 21, 23 and 25 (NB Cruc. Mon. Manistu-
RB 59 239 str. 1:8 (OB lit.); issurtu titkurri Cu); LL.UD (in prescription for the eyes)
lal-la-rurigimki my bird, my mourning dove, AMT 12,4:1, 12,7:5.
your voice is (like that of) a wailing man In some of the cited passages LAL.UD
(incipit of a song) KAR 158 vii 34; kI lal-la-ri should probably be read diSpu pesil; ac-
qube ulasrap like a professional mourner he cording to A III/3, however, UD is to be
utters bitter cries AfO 19 58:133 (SB lit.); read had "dry"; see dispu usage f-3'.
lal-la-ru-sukimtaSu i-hd-[id-ti] his mourners lallaru s.; (mng. unkn.); OB lex.*
assemble his family AfO 19 52:146 (SB lit.), ku-ul KUL = la-al-la-u MSL 2 135: 13 (Proto-Ea).
see von Soden, ZA 61 49; la-al-la-ru(in broken
context) Gilg. Y. ii 15 (OB); as personal name lallubitu adj. fem.; born in the month
mLa-al-la-r[u] (ik-Kizilyay-Kraus Nippur 153 r. Lallubu; OB Elam*; cf. Lallub~.
14 (OB). IGI La-lu-bi-ti MDP 22 137:25.
b) as name of a bird (a kind of owl) - Lallubfi (Lanlubt, Lullubd) s.; name of
1' lallaru: see Hg. B IV 231, Hg. D 329, in lex. the sixth month in the calendar used in
section; umma lal-la-ru ina bit ameli (in Elam; Elam, SB; cf. lallubitu.
broken context) CT 38 44 Sm. 472+ :3-8 (SB ITI La-lu-bd-e = ITI DUL.KIT 5R 43 i 38, see AfO
Alu). 19 109, also ACh Itar 7:43 (comm.).
2' lallartu: see Hh. XVIII 328, Hg. B IV a) in Elam: warah La-(al-)lu-be(-e)
266, Hg. D 341, in lex. section. MDP 23 274:4, MDP 24 345:18, MDP 22 37:11,
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lal1agakku lali A
wr. La-an-lu-be-e MDP 22 90:8; ITI La-lu- PSBA 17 pl. 2 and p. 67 iii 14f., cf. CT 15 25:27,
bu-um MDP 10 p. 80. see Falkenstein, ZA 52 65; gibil gurun.na.
sig7 .ga : in-bu d ina a la-le-si ib-ba-nu-u fruit
b) in SB astrol.: ina ITI La-lu-be-e which was created in its luxuriance 5R 51 iii 16f.,
ACh Supp. Istar 40:5, also Supp. 2 Istar 56:1, see JCS 21 11.
79:12 and dupls., ina ITI Lu-lu-bi-e K.7029 ii
12, and passim in astrol.
ha
mi-nu-u = la-lu-u, ni-is i-ni Malku VIII 94f.;
[e.sag.il.la] : [E].GAL la-le-e ildni am[e] LA =
la-lu-i iL = i-lu AN = sd-mu-i Esagila (means) the
c) other occ.: ITI Lu-lu-be-e (in a dating) palace desired by the gods of heaven (because)
LA is lali desire, iL is ilu god, AN is sam heaven
JNES 13 222:36 (king list). AfO 17 132:5f. (comm. on the name Esagila).
In SB astrol. texts, L. stands for the sixth
month, while in the month lists L. is equated 1. wish, desire - a) in gen.: piqat la-
with the seventh month, see lex. section. lu-um isabbatkama ana kdim tussi pagarka
usur if, heaven forbid, the desire (to do so)
(Hinz, Or. NS 32 13f.); Landsberger Kult.
seizes you and you go out of the city, be
Kalender 87 f.; Reiner, AfO 24 98ff.
careful (lit. watch yourself) Kraus AbB 1 71:18;
lalgagakku s.; midwife; syn. list*; Sum. la-la-am arszma alam epu§ I had the desire
lw.(?). and so I built a city RA 33 50 ii 15 (Jahdunlim),
nmuslittu, ldl-sd-ga-ku = sab-su-tum Malku I cf. ina la-li-k[a-m]a ARM 10 56:11; nebahi
127 f. ina la-li-ma amminim la tuSabilam why did
lalfi A s.; 1. wish, desire, 2. wealth, you not willingly(?) send me my profit(?)
happiness, riches, desirability, 3. prime of Sumer 14 37 No. 15:19 (OB Harmal), cf. seam
life, 4. pleasant appearance, charms (of a ina la-li-Su ana [...] ... VAB 6 151:11 (OB
woman or a man), luxury objects, sumptuous let.); [la]-lu-u-ia illiksuma u ana ahdtuti ana
decoration, abundant vegetation; from j6si itepuS I liked her and adopted her as a
OAkk., OB on; Sum. 1w.; wr. syll. and LA; sister of mine RA 23 131 No. 31:2; PN istu
cf. lalandA, lalutu, lullu adj. and v., lulu A. suqi la-lu-ia attadisSumma u ana ahdtuti ana
la-a LA = la-lu-u A 111/4:63, also Ea III 231, jcdi itepusmi (deposition of a woman) I
Sb I 204; la = la-lu-u (in group with unnubu, showed my willingness to PN in the street
mini) Erimhus I 193; [da-ag] [KA] = sa-ra-pu sd and he made me his "sister" HSS 5 26:5, cf.
la-li-[i] A III/2:145; me ME = la-lu-u4 -um MSL 2 (deposition of a woman) PN [i]na siiqi la-li
p. 129 iii 15 (Proto-Ea); me = la-lu-u4 (vars. -Ui,
lu-u i-it(!)-ta-la-ak-ma ana atuta itep[usmi]
-u-um) Proto-Izi II 139.
HSS 19 70:5 (all Nuzi); ana kaspika siquri
fla.lal sa.zi.ga : la-lu-t niS libbim Sumer 13
71: f. (OB); amar ... hi.li la.la ma.al.la.ta: la-lu-4-a illi[ku] I coveted your precious
biru ... kuzbu u la-la-a maliz (see biru A lex. silver KAR 45:13 (SB rel.); obscure: [... ]-si
section) 4R 9:19f., see OECT 6 p. 7; e.sir la.la. [ki]-i la-lu-u inasslma CT 22 247:9 (MB).
bi nu.[gi4].gi 4 : siqu Aa la-la-si la [asbi] a street
of whose pleasant looks I did not have my fill b) with sardpu: see A 111/2:145, in lex.
SBH p. 122:13f., dupl. 4R 28* No. 4:69f.;
sir.ki za.mi la.la ga.la.ni : za-ma-ri KUi.ME§
section; ibkima libbasa unappis unabbA DN
ta-ni-ta da la-la-a ma-la-a-at holy songs of praise la-la-sa isrup she cried and relieved her
which are full of beauty KAR 16 r. 14f.; GI§.SAR heart, Nintu moaned to her heart's desire
la.la : [ki-ra]-a la-a-le-e (var. GI.SAR la-le-e) Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis p. 96 iv 13, cf. la-lu-
JNES 23 2:35f., var. from Ugaritica 5 No. 169:3; sd i[sru]p ibid. 124:23; ina qabli da la-lu-ka
gi.rim ... la.la.bi nu.gi 4 .gi 4 : enbu 9a ... la-
la-zi la edSebbu "fruit" (i.e., the moon) with whose isrupu qerebka nuppiS relieve your heart in
beauty one cannot become sated 4R 9:22f.; aga the battle which you so much desired
... u.b i.di la.la sa 5 .a : agc ... a ana tabrdt Tn.-Epic "iii" 28.
la-la-a mali tiara which is full of decoration,
pleasing to look at RAcc. 108:5f.; nig.la.la c) qualifying a preceding substantive:
im.mi.in.gar : ana Addi la-le-e ulalliZi (see RN lugal la.la.ni : ana RN LUGAL la-li-u
lull v.) JTVI 26 154 ii 17; note the exceptional:
na.an.ni.tu.tu.de um.mi.dug 4 a.la.bi mu. to RN the king desired by him LIH 99:22
ki (!).e : la errub[su] aqblma la-la-u ikkalanni (Sum.), VAS 1 33 i 17 (Akk., Samsuiluna); ekmet
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lalfl A lali A
mut la-le-e-i she is bereft of the desirable b) with sebZ to have one's fill: may
spouse PSBA 23 pl. after p. 192:13, cf. hamiru Marduk who loves you la-le-e l[ittiitim] u
DAM la-le-e ibid. 23, also diku EN la-le-e-~i Sibutim liSebbika give you your fill of extreme
ibid. 8 (lament.); DN hdmeru la-le-e-a STT 28 old age Kraus AbB 1 105:2; mimma eppus
iv 53 and 55, see Gurney, AnSt 10 120; upon the ina qdteja lislim la-la-a-u lusbu may I have
order of his god and goddess i la-li-~i ippus success in everything I do, may I enjoy it
he will build the house which he desired thoroughly BRM 4 8:39, see Hunger Kolophone
BRM 4 22 r. 19 (SB physiogn.); Eanna parak No. 87, cf. mimmi teppusu likinma qadu ulla
la-le-e-sa (var. la-le-Sa) the shrine which she liburma la-la-a-Su luSbi VAB 4 148 iv 19, and
desired Weidner Tn. 16 No. 7:43; Ehulhul A passim in Nbk.; bel biti sudti la-la-si ul i[ebbi]
Subat la-le-e-ka VAB 4 222 ii 28, cf. mastaku the owner of this house will not enjoy it
la-le-Su-un ibid. 240 ii 60, 258 ii 10 (all Nbn.), CT 38 12:68, cf. (without negation) ibid. 69, cf.
E.r maStak la-le-si-n[a] JCS 18 22 r. i 10 (SB also A.BI belsu LA-Mi ul igebbi ibid. 10:3, (in
prophecies);
En. el. V 122,
lipusma bita lu subat la-le-e-a
cf. i la-li-ia SBH p. 97:60,
broken context) la-la E.BI
[...] CT 39 39:20
(all SB Alu); la-lu-u parsi elqd lusbi may I
K.1354:2 in Bezold Cat., ina E la-le-e Craig enjoy the full benefit of the office I have taken
ABRT 1 7:17, etc., note also GIs.SAR la-li-ka KAR 38:20; qerebsa ddris lurmema lusbd la-
(incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. vii 26, and see la-a-Sa let me dwell in it (the palace) for a
JNES 23, in lex. section; [i]-sin-ni la-li-M long time and enjoy it Borger Esarh. 64 vi 57;
BA 5 588 No. 13:12; zamar la-le-e-sa her bit epusu la-la-SaluSbiam VAB 4 94 iii 47, and
favorite song RA 22 174 r. 53 (OB lit.); lubar passim in Nbk., also 214 ii 34 (Ner.), bit epu.u
isinnatija nibih la-le-e-a (var. 1d-la-a-a) my gadu ulli libiirma la-la-a-Su luSba ibid. 120 iii
garment for festivals, the scarf which I like 48, and passim in Nbk., cf. ZA 23 373:64; Baby-
Gilg. VIII ii 6, see JCS 8 93. lon sa ... la asbdi la-lu-Su (var. LAL-a-[,s])
Cagni Erra IV 41, see also Iraq 5 56:14, cited
d) other occs.: for OAkk. personal names
mng. 4c; la-li balat[im] DN liSebbika may
Tab-la-la-ki, also La-li-sa, La-li-a, etc., see
Samar grant you enjoyment of life CT 4
MAD 3 162; note also La-la-tum VAS 9
12a:14 (OB let.); ,akin kunukki anni umeSu
160:15 and 161:16, La-lu-tum YOS 2 48:1,
liriku LA DIN liSbi may the life of the wearer
OECT 3 69:6, CT 64 i 14 (all OB), BE 15 185:14,
of this seal last a long time and may he enjoy
fLa-lu-ti BE 14 128a:5 and 16 (MB);. irtegsu
happiness in life Terrace, The Art of the Ancient
la-lu-§u ana mith[usi ... ] his desire to fight
Near East in Boston No. 28:3 (NB); nasirsu la-
became glowing AfO 18 46 C 6 (Tn.-Epic), cf.
le-e balati lis-bi may he who preserves it
(referring to Istar) anadabde la-lu-u4-S x [... ]
(the kudurru) enjoy happiness in life BBSt.
KAR 260 (= KAH 2 143):12.
No. 34:20, cf. la-le-e baldti lusbi Borger Esarh.
2. wealth, happiness, riches, desirability- tb libbi tub sere lal-e baldti ABL
p. 26 viii 19;
a) in gen.: as you, dear father, know la-la- 187:10 (NA); la-le-e baldti lisbi VAB 4 252 ii 31,
am arS~ma 3 AB.GUD.II.A uZZiZ U GUD.UR.RA and passim in Nbn.; jdti RN ... la-le-e lubi
ul iu I have become wealthy and have CT 34 34:22 (Nbn.); [istu i]l abbusu iSbd la-
acquired three head of cattle, but I have no la-8u En. el. V 89.
spare ox CT 29 28:12 (OB let.); ibaSAi alam
d4ti ana 1 awelim a la-la-amSaknuma kullaSu 3. prime of life: inannama ina la-li-ka
ile'u luddinsumma perhaps I will have to bitam ul tepus even now in the prime of your
give that town to some man who is wealthy life you (still) have not founded a family ARM
and is able to keep it (the flock) ARM 4 11:16, 1 61:12; idarruina la miieu // ina la-li- u imt
cf. ana kulli d[lim] Sdti [l]a-la-am Aaknu he will become rich, he will die before his
ibid. 15; A.BI // EN 1.BI ana la-li-Mx illak this time, variant: in his prime Kraus Texte 6 r. 6;
house, variant: the owner of this house, will teleqqi etla ina tiib la-li- u LKA 37:6; ina
become wealthy CT 38 10:17 (SB Alu). la-li-Ag imdt KAR 395 r. 12, also CT 28 28:23
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lalif A lali B
(SB physiogn.), muskenu ina la-li-Sd im&t la-la-a uSmalli (I built) its outer wall and
CT 38 33:12, CT 39 44:11 (SB Alu), and passim gave it a pleasant appearance to be marveled
in omen texts, note ina NU URU-s-i (i.e., la- at by the people Borger Esarh. 25 Ep. 35 vii 3,
alisu for lalisu) CT 28 28:10; ina la-li-si cf. ekal madarte ... ugarrihsiana tabrdt kiSSat
iqatti he will come to an end in his prime nisg la-la-a usmalli OIP 2 133:86 (Senn.), cf.
Dream-book 323 i y+15; Istar ina la-li-si Us. also the temple ana tabrdtu la-la-a usmalld
MES-~ Istar will persecute him during his VAB 4 232 i 26, also ana tabrdti nigi la-la-a
prime CT 38 10:9 and 11:39, also, wr. Itar usmall ibid. 258 ii 9 (both Nbn.); uru [...].
ina LA-84 US.MES- u Labat Calendrier § 41': 13, n u .g i4 . gi . a k i : URtU a la-a-s la igsbi City-of-
cf. ina LA-S4 imdt ibid. 2; note ina LA-si ZAH Whose- Splendors -One-Cannot-Have-Enough
ibid. 19. (name of Babylon) Iraq 5 56:14.
4. pleasant appearance, charms (of a d) abundant vegetation: matki limli

woman or a man), luxury objects, sumptuous la-lu-4-fam1 nubham may your country
decoration, abundant vegetation - a) pleas- become full of abundant (vegetation and)
ant appearance, charms (of a woman or a plenty VAS 10 215 r. 4 (OB lit.); arq desdti
man): ultu isb4 la-la-sd after he was sated la-la-a musare inbi rusditi sumu sippsti
with her charms Gilg. I iv 22, cf. la isabbd abundant vegetables, the delicacies of the
la-la-a-sd Biggs aziga 41:30; ul ahasseh la- garden, red-glowing fruit, the pride of the
[la-a-sa] I do not desire her charms JCS 15 orchard VAB 4 168 B vii 22, also 154 A iv 41
7 ii 11 (OB lit.); ina la-li-ki hunbi be attractive (Nbk.).
in your charm (incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. Loan from Sum. la.la (see van Dijk, ZA 55
vii 52; sa la-lu-sd kuzbu AfO 11 368 No. 8:4; 266f.). While in Sum. the writing with a single
.Sa la iSbd la-la-,a MIO 12 53:3, also ibid. 1. cf. la is very rare, the logogram in Akk. is only
la-la-a-ki lusbi ibid. 50:15, cf. ibid. 54 r. 6, LA. For refs. in which lali appears with the
obscure: se-hi-tu la-le-e-ia ibid. 54:17; in verb lullu see s.v.
broken contexts: Oa-KUR la-li-ia-a BA 2 634 lalu B (lali'u, lala'u) s.; kid; OB, MB,
K.890:14, la-la-a-a lutirra Craig ABRT 1 25 r.
Nuzi, MA, SB; wr. syll. and MAO.TUR; cf.
i 36; exceptionally referring to a man: ul alld'is.
asba la-la-si ittatalkanni before I was sated
md.tur = la-li-'u Hh. XIII 239, cf. tu-ur TU
with his charms, he (Irra) left me STT 28 iv = la-le-'-u A VII/4:70; UDU.TZ.ME§ Mk.ZU
54 and 56, see AnSt 10 120. MAS.TUR UDU.SAL+AS+GAR AfO 18 340 iii 13f.
(Practical Vocabulary Nineveh).
b) luxury objects: alum a wasbaku u.ur.tal.tal = u-zu-un la-li-'i (var. la-le-e) =
mimma <a-lim la-le-e ul ibasS~ma in the uz-na-na-tum Hg. D 215, var. from Hg. B IV 185,
town in which I am staying there are no in MSL 10 103, .ur.tAl.tal = uz-ni l[a-l]u-[4] :
v pi-gu-u Kocher Pflanzenkunde 30a iv 4 (Uruan-
luxury objects (so I could send you nothing) na).
Kraus AbB 1 26:14 (OB let.); mimmaS la-le-e u s sila 4 in.sub uz mia in.sub : lahri
[Sa iS]tu GN ... sipra nuqra ubbalunim puhadu iddima enzu la-la-i iddi the ewe has
something exquisite, a choice piece of work abandoned the lamb, the goat has abandoned her
kid SBH p. 131:56f.; uz mfi.bi ga.ga.mu :
which they can bring from Kanis RHA 35 p. en-za i la-a-l-d i4allalu they take away the goat
71:7 (Mari let.). and her kid 4R 30 No. 2:6f.
c) sumptuous decoration: I erected a a) in lit.: kima la-li-i-im ina majaliga

cabin upon the barge sa kuzba zdnatu la-la-a i assi like a kid she cries in her bed UET 6
maltu which was laden with beauty and 403:2 (OB lament.); uhtammit la-a-le-e kalumi
very attractive VAB 4 160 A vii 36 (Nbk.); u se eritim ina pid taritim it (the disease)
apsasd-representations a kuzbu u ulsu made feverish the kids, the lambs, and the
kitlupa baltu la-la-a kummuru srudin OIP 2 babies in the arm of the nurse YOS 11 12:5ff.,
123:28 (Senn.); ,althuu ... ana tabrat niSI ... cited Goetze, JCS 9 14 n. 38; [.. .] sig,.sig, :
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lalQ B 1ama
la-li-'u dr-qu-[ti] (preceded by puhade nams Altbabylonische Tontafeln 1:4, Grant Smith Col-
ricti) 4R Add. to pl. 18* No. 5:4f.; summa lege 271:12, Boyer Contribution 131:14, UET 5
SILA4 u summa MAS.TUR a matija ilemmi passim, see UET 5 Index p. 48.
if a lamb or a kid from my land pastures (in The personal names La-a-lum YOS 8 pas-
your territory) KBo 1 1:9 (treaty); [... ] sim, see ibid. Index p. 15, UET 5 122:21, 251:13,
MAS.TUR laki sa gammala x-[...] (you dry) La-a-lu-ui YOS 8 94:21, as well as the OAkk.
the [. .. ] of a suckling kid which has not yet names cited MAD 3 161 f., and OA Ld-li-a,
[eaten(?)] grass AMT 12,6:3. La-li-im, e.g., Kienast ATHE 44:35, see
b) uzun lale: summa sibtum kima i-zu-un Stephens PNC p. 55, either belong to lald A
la-le-e if the processus papillaris is like the or are not to be considered Akk. words. For
ear of a kid RA 40 82:14 (OB ext.); summa the feminine names La-lu-tum, La-la-tum,
uzndsu kima uzun MA.TUR salha if his ears see lalt A mng. Id.
are .... like the ear of a kid Labat TDP 70:16; Landsberger, AfO 10 159.
for uzun lale as name of a plant, see lex.
lalu v.; to bind(?); lex.*
section.
[gui].la.a = la-[l]u-u, sa-[m]a-du Izi F 143f.;
c) in econ. - 1' in OB, MB: x la-la-hu tu-6 TOM = ta-la-lu ... ta-la-lu // ra-ds e-mu-qa //
la-lu-u [// ... ] la-lu-i // sa-[ma-du] A VIII/3:16
CT 6 24c:8 and 11 (OB list of sheep); x MAS.TUR
with comm.
BE 14 48:8, 99a:22, BE 15 78:2 (MB lists of
Possibly borrowed from Sum. 1a(.1a).
sheep).
2' in MA Tell Billa: x la-li- lalitu s.; time of the prime of life; SB*;
JCS 7 131
No. 36:9 and 13. cf. laldni A, lald A, lulli adj. and v., luld A.
3' in Nuzi: 1 enzu qadu la-li-i-su a goat 40 la-lu-tum forty (years is) the time of
together with her kid JEN 606:6; x la-li-it
the prime of life (followed by 50 umu ar:
sa PN HSS 16 265:11, and passim; 1 la-li-u kiitu, etc.) STT 400:45.
NITA HSS 9 52:2; x la-li-U SAL.MES HSS 16 lam see lama.

311:7, 324:12, and passim, cf. x en-zu SAL U.TU.
MES X MAS.MES.GAL 2 MAS.TUR.NITA.MES 1 lama (lam) conj.; before; from OA, OB on;
MAS.TUR SAL HSS 9 64:6f., cf. also ibid. 57:4f., cf. lama prep., laman.
and often in enumerations of sheep and goats, e.g., se.ta ab.ra.ra nu se la.e.zu : is-tu se-a-am
HSS 13 89:5, 210:2, 269:7 and 9, 280:1, 306:6, ta-ad-di-su la-ma se-a-am ta-za-ar-ru-u after you
have threshed the barley and before you winnow the
HSS 14 637:2, 6, and passim, HSS 16 240:3, and
barley Bil. Farmer's Instructions iv 12 (courtesy
passim in Nos. 240-304, also 1 MAS.TUR.TUR M. Civil); ebur nu.ub.da.DU.KIN.a = MIN
HSS 13 271:1, beside MAS.TUR ibid. 4, but (= la-a-am e-bu-ri) illakam Ai. III i 11.
note 2 MAS.MES GAL 2 MAS.MES TUR SAL Id-ma-ma tertaka illikanni even before
HSS 14 632:5, also 6 MA§.TUR SAL U.TU-i 2 your order had come to me RA 60 99 MAH
hirdpu 4 MAS.TUR.NITA.ME§ i.TU- JEN 16373:3 (OA); DIS UDU la-a-ma teptitdu itarur
536:5ff.; 1 enzu u 1 la-li-it urdpu HSS 5 2:7 if the sheep shivers(?) before you have opened
(coll.); 1 kalimu hurapu NITA 1 la-li-t RA 23 it YOS 10 47:34 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb);
143 No. 3:28. warahSu lam (var. la) imldma (var. imtald)
4' in NB: MAS.GAL rz MAS.TUR SAL+AS+ before he has served a full month CH § 278:60;
GAR (heading of list) BIN 1 176:3, and passim la-ma innaw(i)ram before it became daylight
in NB in adm. texts, also MAS.TUR alone
Sumer 14 35 No. 14:15 (OB Harmal); [l]a-ma
(reading unkn., probably urisu, q.v.) in lists ja akalim Zkulu before they had eaten even
of hitpu-offerings, q.v. a bite ARM 3 27:11; la-a-am andku ina GN
eqerrebu before I approach Nuhasse MRS 9
d) as personal name: La-li-ia YOS 8 54 RS 17.334:5; la-am GIG imdudu before they
64:20, Pinches Berens Coll. 102 r. 2, Holma Zehn measured the wheat HSS 14 532:2 (Nuzi);
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lama lamadu
Sigi ana ilika ... tasassi la-am tasass you the bottom of his foot before he steps on the
recite the sigd-prayer before your god, before ground AMT 89,3 i 6; la-am midi ina namdri
you recite (it) KAR 178 r. vi 37; la-a-am LKA 79:4, dupl. KAR 245.
sepsu [ana qaqqari isakkanu] before he sets
foot on the ground KUB 37 46 ii 10; la-am c) with a possessive suffix: suharka la-
mamma issiquSu before anybody has kissed mi-ka libu'am your servant should come here
him Kichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 54; if a man sees before you (do) ARM 4 51:15; la-mu-i-a-a
a snake when it comes out of its hole la-am suluppe Ahlamd ittablu the Ahlamfi had
mamman IGI before he has seen anybody taken the dates before my arrival JCS 6
(that man will die within a year) CT 38 33:1 144:13 (MB let.); la-mi-84 RN sabe. ... ana
(SB Alu); la-am (var. e-ma) gamas KUR-ha susubtu uSesib Appuasu stationed troops
KAR 50 r. 2. for an ambush before his (Neriglissar's) (ad-
vance) Wiseman Chron. 74:5.
lama (lam) prep.; before; from OA, OB See also ellamu.
on; cf. lama conj.
nu.da = la-ma, a-di-ni NBGT I 423; nu.ub. lamadu v.; 1. to become aware, informed,
dam = la-ma NBGT IV 19; ebur nu.ub.da. to understand, to comprehend, to diagnose
me.a : la-a-am ebifri Ai. III i 10. a disease, 2. to learn a craft, a skill, to
a.gi.zi.ga.ta dUtu nam.ta.e : ina Seri la-am become knowledgeable, 3. to know sexually
dUTU a-se-e CT 1719i38f.; uncert.: mu.bi kui.ga
: la-ma sc-mi-Su-ma el-lim
(only OA and OB), 4. to study, take note of
SBH p. 78:14f.;
mu.lu sa.ab.ma nu.me.a : ina sal-lu(!)-tu(?) a message, delivery, of a matter, a prayer,
lam lib-bi-ia SBH p. 28 r. 8f., see von Soden, OLZ to recognize a legal claim or obligation,
1954 38 n. 1. 5. litmudu (reciprocal) to know each other,
DI la-am GIm.GISIMMAR sa-ra-mi = a-di(copy -ki) (reflexive) to be experienced, versed, 6. 1/3
la GI§.GISIMMAR undarru (see aru C v. usage b)
CT 41 29 r. 2 (Alu Comm., to Tablet XLVI). to become informed, to understand, to take
cognizance of (same mngs. as mngs. 1 and 4,
a) before a substantive: la-ma ruspdtim but referring to a plurality of objects),
TCL 20 143:8, la-ma kussim JCS 14 11 S. 7. lummudu to inform somebody, to teach
563:2 (both OA); la-ma samem before the somebody (a craft or skill), to charge some-
rain TCL 17 5:5, la-ma ebirim before the body with an expense, 8. Sulmudu to cause
harvest YOS 2 85:12, TLB 4 49:17, and passim to teach, 9. IV to become known (passive to
in OB; la-ma sihit amsim before sunrise mng. 1); from OA, OB on; I ilmad - ilam.
ARM 3 71:7; la-am tuqmdtima before the mad - lamid, imp. limad (note lamda CCT
battle Tn.-Epic "iv" 6, cf. la-am simani ibid. 3 18a:8, OA), 1/2, 1/3, II, 11/2, III, IV; cf.
"ii" 13; la-am adanni Thompson Gilg. pl. 54 lamdu, limdu, lummudu, mulammidu, talmidu.
Sm. 157:2 (Etana); seven hundred years la-am
zu-u zu = la-ma-a-du MSL 2 p. 132 vii 38 (Proto-
BurnaburiaS VAB 4 238 ii 22 (Nbn.), and passim, Ea), also Sb I 222; zu = la-ma-du ad a-wa-a-ti, gi 4
see also abiibu mng. Ic. = MIN Sd v u SAL Nabnitu A 274f.; GI = la-ma-du
sa u((!) u(!) SAL CT 12 29 iv 5 (text similar to Idu);
b) before an infinitive: la-am abubi wase [(x)].x = la-ma-du Lanu Fragm. A 138; [zu].zu =
before the coming of the flood Lambert-Millard lum-mu-du Nabnitu A 276.
Atra-hasis p. 126 r. 4; la-a-ma wase belijama [in].zu = il-ma-ad, [in.zu].us = il-ma-du
ARM 6 44:4, la-ma esedim ARM 1 43:15', Ai. I i 41f.; um.mi.a dag.gi 4 .a.ni nu.un.zu.
z [u] : [ummeanu babtasu ul] i-lam-mad Ai. III i 60;
la-ma kaSdd tuppi belija before the arrival of imin.bi a.ra ba.an.zu : alkakati sibittiAunu
my lord's letter ARM 6 30:33, la-am kadSd la-ma-du to find out about the activities of the
mr sipri arri EA 147:22; ina 2 ime la-a-am Seven CT 16 45:122f.; zu.ta 16.tu.ra.se : ana
ama6 napdhi the next day before sunrise la-ma-di marsu to diagnose (the disease of) the sick
BIN 2 33:191; sa li.tu.ra.s6 zu.zu.de(var.
AKA 233 r. 24 (Asn.), also BBR No. 11 r. i 3, and
.da).mu.de : er'ani mars.u (var. marsa) ina
passim'; la-a-am patdn AMT 8,1:12; sapldn la-ma-di-ia when I palpate the veins of the sick man
dSpiu la-am erseta kabdsi E§.ME§ you rub CT 165:181f.; inim.bi a.zu.ab ka.a§.bar.bi
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lamadu la lamadu 1c
bar.ra.ab : amassu li-mad purussau purus be CCT 3 18a:8; kaspam zittam s[a bit] abini
informed of his case, make a decision concerning ta-l-ma-ad-ma libbaka u libbi inuah you will
him4R 17:43f., cf. BA 10/1 79 No. 5:17f.; mu.lu
ta.zu mu.un.zu : gattuk mannu i-lam-mad
learn about the silver which is the share of
Langdon BL No. 9:1f. and SBH p. 15:22f., our father's estate, and your heart and mine
p. 43:41f., p. 125:lf.; za.e e.ne.em.zu a.ba will be at ease AAA 1 pl. 19 No. 1 r. 6, cf.
mu.un.zu.a : kdta amatka mannu i-lam-mad who misSu la tallakamma i-Su bit abikunu la ta-ld-
can understand your utterance? 4R 9 r. 9f.; his
ma-ad TCL 19 66:23, see Larsen, Or. NS 40 319
"word" is a covered container Ia.bi a.ba mu.
un.zu.zu : qerebgu mannu i-lam-mad who can n. 9, cf. [bit] awelim li-im-da-ma BIN 6 59:17.
know what it contains? SBH p. 8:64f., cf. sa.bi
a.ba mu.un.zu : qerebgu mannu i-lam-mad
b) in OB, Mari: ana la-ma-di-ka aspuram
SBH p. 31:36f.; gasan.mu [nig.ak].mu mu. I have written (this) for your information
un.zu : belti epiti lim-di my lady, take cognizance Kraus AbB 1 9:35, also TIM 2 131 r. 10, TCL 18
of my (mis)deed ASKT p. 117 r. 5f.; ir.ra ki. 120:22, CT 29 40:5, also ana la-ma-ad sdpirija
DI.bi ga.na mu.un.zu.am : bikitu agar ibakkuii
aspuram A 3524:27; simmam ... sa ...
il-mad-ma RA 33 104:10; e.mu.lu.ne.ka (var.
lu.e.ne.6.ka, for e.1i.e.ne.ka) malga ba.e.zu asim qerebsu la i-lam-ma-du a sore which no
: bit awelim malaksu ta-la-am-ma-di-ma you find physician can diagnose CH xliv 60 (epilogue);
out what is going on in a man's house Dialogue difficult: Li-il-ma-ad-DINGIR (personal
No. 5:113, var. fromRA 24 36:13; Hasur nu.zu name) Riftin 1:28, YOS 8 36:1; with kima:
kur.ra.kex(KID) : ana MIN gad la la-ma-di Wilcke
Lugalbandap. 96:62; [...] ki.a i.ma.al m.bi
kima ina qdtija la ibassiama ... ta-la-ma-di
nu.mu.un.zu.a : [...] ana erseti ina aknu you will understand that I do not have it
4dtu ul Sa la-ma-du SBH p. 45:13f.; mu ba.ab. YOS 2 61:24, cf. ul ta-la-am-ma-ad kima ...
dug4 .ga in.ga.an.zu mu su.ub.dug4 .ga in. TCL 17 59:18; ina ahitija kiam al-ma-ad
ga.an.zu : iari rehd il-ta-mad naaqam il-ta-mad
ummami I have learned the following from
she has learned to receive the penis, she has learned
to kiss ASKT p. 119:18ff. my outside sources (of information) ARM 2
nam.mah.zu dAsari.1.1.hi un.bi he.en. 73:27; misfortune will befall the man ina la
zu.zu : narbeka Marduk nigegu li-gal-mi-du they la-ma-di-su without his knowing about it
should make your greatness known to the people, (beforehand) YOS 10 31 xii 33 (OB ext.).
Marduk BA 10/1 2 r. 16f.
e.ne.ne.ne an.ki.a nu.un.zu.mes : sunu c) in EA: u ana la-ma-di sarri belija and
ina game u erseti ul il-lam-ma-du they cannot be (this is) for the information of the king, my
recognized either in heaven or in the nether world
CT 16 44: 92f., cf. 94f., 106 f., cf. also KAR 24: 9ff.;
lord EA 274:17, cf. ana sarri belija asium la-
an nu.zu.mes ki.a nu.zu.me : ina ame ul ma-te-ka EA 287:59, and passim; u jitasa
ittaddi ina erseti ul il-lam-mad CT 17 41:5f.; sarru ... u ji-il-ma-ad matdtisu the king
e.ne.em.ma.ni sa.bi nu.un.zu.a : [amassu] ought to come out (of Egypt) and be informed
qerebu ul il-lam-mad SBH p. 4:25f.; umus.
about his lands EA 337:17; u li-el-ma-ad
dingir.r[a n]u.zu : emr iii ul il-lam-mad
Lambert BWL 265 r. 7. LT.GAL belija EA 238:29; li-el-ma-ad Sarri
a-ha-za // la-ma-du CT 41 40:19 (Theodicy belija andku iSten ibadsti the king, my lord,
Comm.), see Lambert BWL 72; la-ma-du, gara&u, should be aware: I am alone! EA 282:8;
egi~ = na-a-ku Malku III 42ff.; [... ] MIN // la-mad tidimi inima lam-da-ta uhhurata you know
(word commented on not preserved) Lambert
BWL 70 Comm. 2-3 (Theodicy). (yourself) that you have been informed
(and still) you are late EA 102:9, cf. inuma
1. to become aware, informed, to under- la-ma-ad-me EA 244:18; with inuma: ji-el-
stand, to comprehend, to diagnose a disease ma-ad sarru belu inima urrudu Sarra u
- a) in OA: lu kaspi ammakam mimma ilqe inassaru the king, my lord, should be aware
li-ma-ad-ma ... jispramma uzni pete find that I serve the king and am on guard
out (whether) he has taken away any of my EA 264:23; u li-il-ma-ad sarru belija enema
silver there, send me word and inform me elteqi4 5dni sa Barri belija and the king, my
TCL 14 15:31 (OA); asar kaspum illeqeu ittup- lord, should be informed that they have
pikunu ld-am-da-nim find out from your taken the towns of the king, my lord EA
tablets from whom the silver was borrowed 237:9, etc., note li-il-ma-ad RA 19 99:11,
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lamadu ld lamadu 3
but ji-il-ma-ad ibid. 17; with kima: u ji-el- qereb.ina la al-tan-d[a] ibid. 40:48 (Ludlul II);
ma-ad Sarri belija kima dannat nukurtu elija for lamadu in the mng. to diagnose a disease
and the king, my lord, must know that the see BIN 2 33:191, and CT 16 5:181f., in lex.
hostility against me is great EA 64:8, cf. EA section.
283:18, etc.; with ana: [u] ji-el-ma-ad [Sarru]
belija ana ardiSu and the king, my lord, e) in NB: attald ... ul a-lam-mad-su
should be aware of his servant EA 294:14, also I cannot find out about the eclipse ABL 477
292:26; with ace.: ji-el-ma-ad larru
belija r. 4, cf. il-ta-an-du ABL 954:10.
epiS ahbiu a ebaSSa ina GN and the king, my
2. to learn a craft, a skill, to become
lord, should be informed about the deed of
knowledgeable: DVB.SAR-tdm wu-di ld-am-
my (text: his) brother who is in Gubla
da-ni as you know, we are learning to write
EA 142:18.
CCT 4 6e:5 (OA); isiqa la-am-da-at VAS 10
215:14 (OB lit.), cf. bi-it i-li zA-ha-am la-am-du
d) in SB: ina puzur rti la la-mad kaparri
JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 9 r. vi 17 (OB lit.); a pa
in secret from the shepherd, unknown to the
rasam la-am-du ARM 5 4:13; anaha la idi
shepherd boy Studies Landsberger 286:24;
sa-pa-na lam-du (var. [l]a-[am-dul) they
Anum same sa la i-lam-ma-du milikSu ma[m:
know no rest, they are trained to smash
ma] Anu in heaven whose reasoning nobody
En. el. IV 54; I who used to go about with
can understand BMS 1:9, cf. ibid. 19, see Ebe-
lordly demeanor ha-la-la al-mad have
ling Handerhebung 6, (referring to Istar) STC 2 pl.
learned to slink Lambert BWL 34:77 (Ludlul I);
78:39; libbu ruiqu a la i-lam-ma-du (var. il-
la-mi-id kidude (said of Bel) KAR 104:25;
lam-ma-du) ili gimradunu whose deep mind
the Guti fagalta lam(var. la-an)-du trained
none among all the gods can understand
in murder AOB 1 118 iii 10 (Shalm. I); (which
En. el. VII 118, cf. [narb]ika AnSar ilu ul la-
the former kings) SSubdu ul il-ma-du knew
mi-id BA 5 653 No. 16:26 and 28; la lam-da-
not (how) to resettle Lyon Sar. p. 15:46; la-mid
ma (var. la na-ta-a-ma) nukkula minatugu
piridti AN.GUB.BA.ME§ those knowing the
his shape was artful beyond comprehension
secret art (of divination), (and) the ecstatics
En. el. I 93; dinu supSuqma ana la-ma-da astu
Winckler Sar. pl. 36 No. 76:158; al-ma-ad Sale
the decision is very difficult, hard to com-
qasti I learned to shoot with the bow Streck
prehend JRAS 1924 Cent. Supp. pl. 3 r. 3; ana
Asb. 4 i 34; itenis a-lam-mad simat beilti
la-ma-daarkdti attaziz maharka I am standing
at the same time I was learning what
before you to learn about the future ibid. r. 5;
is fitting for a ruler ibid. 256 i 26; Nabu
mamman aj il-mad-ka Maqlu VIII 101; ana
ahiz temi u milki la-mid .itulti possessed of
ramaniSama mannu i-lam-mad who can
intelligence and counsel, versed in discussion
understand its (mankind's) nature? BMS 11:9,
Bohl Chrestomathy No. 25:8 (Sin-ar-igkun); sus
cf. alakti iii mannu i-lam-mad ibid. 11, see
hardi a ittija il-ta-na-ma-du the apprentices
Ebeling Handerhebung 72, and see alaktu mng.
who are here learning with me BASOR 86
2b; alakti li-mad understand my behavior
31:11 (let. from Shekhem); ana la-ma-a-du nu
(to make a decision concerning me) Kocher
hatimmutu to learn the art of cooking BOR 1
BAM 214 ii 13, and passim, see alaktu mng. 2a,
p. 88b:3, cf. ana la-ma-du naggdritu to learn
also alaktasina [li]l-m[a-ad] AfO 19 63:51;
the carpenter's craft Zeitschrift fiir die Kunde
[alak]taka lul-mad may I learn about (the
des Morgenlandes 2 pl. after p. 324:3; ki a .
purpose of) your journey Gilg. IX ii 22;
lam-du just as he himself was taught TuM
le'aissu Jupuqatma niSu la lam-da the
2-3 214:7, also mala itma(?) lam-du Zeit-
knowledge of it (the mind of the gods) is
schrift fiir die Kunde des Morgenlandes 2 pi. after
difficult, man cannot comprehend (it) Lam-
p. 324:7 (all NB).
bert BWL 86:257, cf. palkk ilimma nis la
lam-da ibid. 264; li-mad dibqja understand 3. to know sexually (only OA and OB):
my reasoning ibid. 265 (Theodicy); note: PN u PN, ina amtim a la-am-du idtina
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lamadu 4a lamadu 4c
isabbutunima iqqdtisunu issahhir lillissina AbB 1 88:15, temi li-ma-a-ad UET 5 32:17,
sunu umta[ huru] PN and PN2 may each take cf. VAS 16 89:19, TCL 17 29:29, note ana trnm
one of the slave girls with whom they had awatim sudti la-ma-di-i[m] CT 6 34a:25 (all
intercourse, but she will be deducted from OB); temsunu gamram adini ul al-ma-ad
their share, they will assign equal rank to I have not yet found out everything from
their (the women's) offspring TuM 1 22a: 29, them ARM 2 39:26, cf. ARM 6 53:12; [te]ma
see MVAG 33 No. 287 (OA); if a man has a-lam-ma-ad-ma BE 17 47:21, tem miidi a-
selected (and taken into his house) a bride lam-ma-ad-ma ibid. 33:28 and 30 (both MB
for his son marusu il-ma-si and his son has letters); te(!)-im-si-in li-im-di(!)-i RA 15 175 vii
had intercourse with her (and his father is 22 (OB Aguraja), cf. te-mi-ni li-il-ma-da niii
afterward caught with her) CH § 155:75, also, arkidtum ibid. vii 13; aji tem ill qereb sam ei-
with la il-ma-si § 156:6; ,umma awilum lam-[mad] Lambert BWL 40:36 (Ludlul II); tem
mdrassu il-ta-ma-ad § 154:69; PN-mi i-la-mi amaS Adad al-mad-ma anna kinu ipuluinnic
el-ma-da-ni PN did not have intercourse ma iqbuni epesu I found out the will of Samas
with me TCL 1 10:5' (OB leg.); see GI =- and Adad and they gave me an affirmative
lamadu .a zikari u sinniti Nabnitu A, CT 12, reply and ordered me to execute the work
also ASKT p. 119:18ff., Malku III 42, in lex. OIP 2 137:28, cf. 145:13 (Senn.).
section.
2' with amatu: adi allakamma awassu
4. to study, take note of a message, de- a-la-ma-du until I come and learn about his
livery, of a matter, a prayer, to recognize a case TCL 18 92:11, cf. ina aldkija awassu
legal claim or obligation - a) to study, take lu-ul-ma-ad ibid. 15, adi awatam a-lam-ma-du
note of a message, delivery: tuppe ina TIM 2 23:28 (OB let.); awat ibbaitss s ul -
kunuk dedistim lim-da-a-ni take note of the la-am-ma-ad YOS 10 54 r. 16 (OB physiogu.);
tablets under the seal of the collegium-of-six adimi ji-il-ma-du sarru belija awatu annitu
BIN 6 80:8; ana bit PN errubuma tuppisu EA 251:9, cf. u ji-el-ma-ad sarru belija awat
i-ld-mu-du they may enter the house of PN ardisu annutu EA 294:25, li-ma-ad awate
and take note of his tablets MVAG 33 No. 274 arad kittika EA 101:37, etc.; qilama naphar
case 10 and tablet 9; he declared: tuppi mehiri kunu amatija lim-da be quiet, all of you, and
la-al-ma-ad I would like to take note of the take note of my words Cagni Erra V 5, cf.
tablets and the correspondence (lit. copies) li-mad a-fmal-[ti] Lambert BWL 72:25 (The-
CCT 2 33:28, cf. lillikamma u li-ma-ad let him odicy).
come here and then study (the tablets)
ibid. 32; note: silidnam Sesiama [li]m-da-a-ni 3' with words for prayer, etc.: unnenija
bring out the storage container and take leqdma tasliti lim-da accept (pl.) my suppli-
cognizance (of its content) BIN 6 80:19 (all cation, take cognizance of my prayer KAR
OA); ,irubti bit ili mala ibag4s li-mad take 26:33 and dupls.; lilqe unnenija lil-ma-da
note of all deliveries to the temple PBS 1/2 suppeja BMS 1:43 and BMS 33:26, see Ebeling
43:4 (MB let.). Handerhebung 124, cf. li-mad suppi Craig
ABRT 1 56:9; milki li-m[ad] Lambert BWL
b) to take note of a matter, a prayer 107 K.13770:5 (Counsels of Wisdom); obscure:
- 1' with temu: ttem ekallim ina erab subati dannutam etawwu lim-da-ma find out if he
anniutim li-im-da-nim when these textiles makes threats CCT 4 22a:11 (OA).
arrive, take note of the intentions of the
palace for me KT Hahn 13:20 (OA); he has c) to recognize a legal claim or obligation:
given us orders tem ,itilikca la-ma-dam to t(tam ula i-la-mu-du they will not recognize
find out the opinion you have reached (the obligation to pay) tftu-dues ICK 2 292:7',
Bagh. Mitt. 2 56 i 14, cf. ana tmika la-ma-di cf. tdtam u nishitim ula i-ld-mu-du> BIN 4
iSpura Kraus AbB 1 79:28, also CT 4 24a:27, 85:10, tdtam la i-ld-mu-du VAT 9212:28;
tema gamram li-im-di-im-ma Supri Kraus isrdtim mimma la il-mu-du JCS 14 7 S.
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lamadu 5a lamadu 7a
561:17; sadduatam ina harrdnim la i-ld- somebody: ali kaspam 1 GIN habbuluninni
ma-ad KTS 27b:16, cf. hubul abikunu ta- suharum lu-la-mi-id-ka-ma ali kaspam 1 GiN
al-ta-am-da CCT 5 8a: 5 (all OA); qiptam qardbim uzan suhdrim pete the employee
[b]abtam ummidnum ul i-la-ma-ad the princi- should inform you about where they owe
pal will not recognize merchandise entrusted me even one shekel of silver and then
or debts outstanding TIM 3 124:10, also YOS you tell the employee from where one can get
8 96:10 (both OB), and see the Sum. phrases every shekel of silver CCT 2 45 b:19, cf. tuppi
cited babtu mng. 3c, also Ai. III i 60, cited PN lu-la-mi-id-kd-ma PN should inform you
in lex. section; uncert.: ana la-ma-di la about (the content of) the tablets ibid. 13;
tamaggura KAV 194:17 (MA), see Ebeling, mehri ... ina mahar PN sukumma ld-mi-si
MAOG 7/1-2 p. 5. deposit the copies with PN and inform him
(of it) ibid. 31; TIG.HI.A ana ekallim ilu'uma
5. litmudu (reciprocal) to know each other,
4-l-mi-du CCT 5 30a: 17; if somebody says
(reflexive) to be experienced, versed -
kasap abika ld-mi-di alum lidinima i-la-ma-
a) (reciprocal) to know each other: istu imim
ad-ka inform me about the silver (owed to)
sa ni-il-ta-am-du from the day we came to
your boss - let the City render me a decision
know each other Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 iv 12 (OB).
(on this matter) and then I will inform you
b) (reflexive) to be experienced, versed: KT Hahn 2:16, cf. mimma la u-ld-ma-ad-ka
sa mithus tapde li-tam-du who is experienced BIN 4 23:15, also TCL 19 26:12; in broken con-
in the clash of battle AKA 45 ii 67 (Tigl. I); text: kalama ul-ta-mi-id KTS 27a edge 3 (all
sa gimir ummaniite lit-mu-du karassu whose OA); PN ummi abija PN2 u PN3 dajdni i-lam-
mind has learned all the wisdom of the experts mi-id my grandmother PN informed the
Borger Esarh. 68 § 30:3; Sa paldh iii u iStari judges PN2 and PN3 PBS 5 100 i 10, ii 32 and
li-it-mu-du surrussu whose heart is well iii 38, cf. BE 6/2 49:8, CT 8 40a: 16; I said ekallam
versed in the worship of gods and goddesses u-la-am-ma-ad I will inform the palace BIN 7
VAB 4 60 i 18 (Nabopolassar); sa lit-mu-da Sas 37:8, cf. ekallam la tu-la-ma-ad ibid. 11, also
gd[Sa] who is trained in murder Lambert BWL Sumer 14 44 No. 20:23, OECT 3 39:14, 60:21,
86:267, cf. (in broken context) lit-mu-da-ma Kraus AbB 1 59 r. 5', cf. Sarram u-lam-mi-i[d]
ibid. 76:84 (both Theodicy). OECT 3 76:8, kunukkatim ... jarramlu-mi-id
BIN 7 46:10; absum hibiltisu 4-lam-mi-da-an-
6. 1/3 to become informed, to understand,
[ni] VAS 16 138:8, and passim with a4Sum;
to take cognizance of messages (same mngs.
itu MU.10.KAM SIG.SID.MA la epesi i-la-am-
as mngs. 1 and 4, but referring to a plurality
mi-id-ma ten years ago I sent information
of objects): lu tahsisdtiialu tuppi a bdb ilim
about the .... wool not being made TIM 2
ina tamalakkim kanku peteSunuma li-t[a-m]a-
152:38; inanna PN u-la-am-mi-id-ma annam
ad-ma open and take cognizance of all my
itaplannima now I have informed PN and he
tablets, be they memoranda or tablets (drawn
has answered me favorably PBS 7 108:17,
up) at the door of the temple which are kept
cf. asariSma lu-mi-id TCL 18 82:8, la 4-lam-
under seal in the tablet container BIN 4 36:26;
ma-da-an-ni BIN 7 8:19, PN li-la-am-mi-
tuppi ... erisma li-ta-ma-ad ask for the
[idl-ma UET 5 30:18, and passim in OB letters;
tablets and familiarize yourself with all of
2 GEME tu-la-mi-da-ni ana minim ana 1 GEME
them TCL 19 29:32 (both OA); alkakdt nakrika
tuter you informed me about (sending me?)
ta-al-ta-na-ma-ad you will get information
two slave girls, why did you change it to
about all the activities of your enemy
one slave girl? ARM 10 42 r. 3'; note andku
YOS 10 46 ii 21 (OB ext.); as-ra-ta-.a-a li-ta-
la-mu-ud-da-ku JCS 1 243:23 (let. from Egypt);
am-ma-a[d](!) RA 15 174 i 7 (OB Aguaja).
used to introduce a citation from a letter
7. lummudu to inform somebody, to teach received and answered: kiam 4-lam-mi-da-
somebody (a craft or skill), to charge some- an-ni umma 4ma TCL 7 40:6, also TIM 2 73:6,
body with an expense - a) to inform and passim in letters written by the representa-
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lamadu 7b lamahu ai
tives of the government or the king himself, often slave) in the amount of one seah of barley
with the same phrase repeated at the end of the per day as his (the slave's) payment (to) his
quotation, e.g., OECT 3 1:5 and 12, 15:6 and (master) TuM 2-3 214:8ff., for the teaching
11, etc., TCL 1 1:5 and 9, TCL 7 12:6 and 11, 14:5 of nuhatimmatu, cf. BOR 1 88b:6f., BOR 2
and 15, etc., LIH 12:5 and 11, 55:5 and 13, etc., 119:7f., Cyr. 248:6 (all NB), see also askdputu,
rarely with pl. subject and object: kiam kasirutu.
u-lam-mi-du-ni-in-ni OECT 3 79:5, TCL 7
24:8, etc., kiam u-lam-mi-da-ni-a-ti TCL 18 2' other occs.: sikaram ana satem la-a
106:6 (all OB); anniti ,a [4]-la-am-ma-du-ka
lum-mu-ud he has not been taught to drink
those who give you information EA 162:30; beer Gilg. P. iii 9 (OB); ila tu-lam-mad-su-ma
ju-la-mi-ta Sarru bell sabi u the king, my ki kalbi arkika ittanallak if you teach a god
lord, should inform his soldiers EA 272:23; (to accept sacrifices) he will run after you
like a dog (asking for more) Lambert BWL
note lum- <mu>-da-ta EA 98:26; amdti ul lu-
um-mu-da-ku BE 14 8:11 (MB); in broken
148:60; i-lam-me-du-in-ni epes qabli u tdhazi
Streck Asb. 210:13; la amrati lum-mu-du la
context: u-lam-mid-an-ni ABL 789 r. 6 (NB).
natdti ~suuzu Surpu II 64.
b) to teach somebody (a craft or skill) - c) to charge somebody with an expense
1' in apprenticeship contracts: ana iSparuti (OA only): mimma tdtam u ukultam u sa
z-la-am-ma-as-si he will teach him the saridim ula u-ld-ma-da-ni he must not
weaver's craft JEN 572:7, cf. summa ... charge me with the expenses for ttu-dues,
ana iSparuti la u-la-faml-ma-as-s4 ibid. 16, feed (for the donkeys) or what the driver
(in broken context) 4-la-am-ma-ad-u-nu-ti (is to be paid) BIN 4 13:14; huluqq'e 4u-ld-
HSS 19 44:22, cf. (the smith's craft) ibid. 59:7; mi-da-ni he made me assume responsibility
isparutu gabbi 4-lam-mad-su Cyr. 64:6, cf. ki for the losses TCL 14 52:19.
iparctu la ul-tam-mi-du-us ibid. 10; purkul:
litu qatiti u-lam-mad-su Cyr. 325:9, cf. ki la 8. sulmudu to cause to teach: puluhti
ul-tam-mi-du-us ibid. 11; kurgarritu u up ekalli ummdn 4u-al-mid I had the people
ptu 4-lam-mad-su Pinches Berens Coll. 103:4, taught obedience to the palace Lambert BWL
cf. imu a ul-lam-mid-si ibid. 5, ki la ul- 40:32 (Ludlul II), paldhu u it'udu la z-Sal-
<tam>-mid-4s ibid. 6; naggriitu dullu qdtesu mi-du nisiu (like one) who has not had his
gabbi mala kgma(?) lamdu u-lam-mad-su he people taught assiduous obedience ibid.
will teach him the carpenter's craft, his 38:18; tanitti ilutisu Sul-mu-di apdti Borger
entire craft, whatever he himself was taught Esarh. p. 85 r. 50; bdritu ... ui-al-ma-du-su
Zeitschrift fir die Kunde des Morgenlandes 2 pl. BBR No. 1-20:10; uncert.: ANSE.A.A[B.BA.MES
after p. 324:7, cf. ki la ful-taml-mi-du-us-gu gi]mir matiSu ... i4-al-mid-ma TCL 3 +
ibid. 10; see also (for the sabsinnutu-craft) KAH 2 141:210 (Sar.).
Nbn. 172:9, (for nappdhtu) HSS 19 59:7, 9. IV to become known (passive to mng. 1):
(for pusammutu) Cyr. 313:7; nuhatimmtu §a temSu la il-lam-ma-du Streck Asb. 278 line
dullu qateSu NINDA.JI.A te-nu-4 ZiD.DA(?)1 sa- C after line 8; eddeSld ilu ellu 1a ittasu la il-
ad-ri ki a S4 lam-du 4-lam-mad-su kima ul- lam-m[a-du] AAA 18 p. 95:4, see also CT 16
tam-mi-du-us [x] GiN kaspu pappasu issu 44:92f., etc., in lex. section.
ki la ul-tam-mi-du-us iumu 1 BAN E.BAR
mandattaSu uSallam he will teach him his lamahu t (lamhbuS ) s. fem.; (a precious
craft, the baker's craft, (the making of) bread, garment made of wool); OB, MB, Bogh.,
the grinding of sadru-flour,just as he himself SB, NB; Sum. lw.; wr. TUG.NIG.LAM.
knows it, while he is teaching him his (the tg.nig.lg.nig.l1m, tig.lm.ban.da = lam-
hu-u-S.u-u (var. lu-bu.-[,u]) Hh. XIX 114f., var.
apprentice's) wages are x shekels of silver in
from RS source, tdg.suluhu(j .LAGAB) = lubultu,
working material, should he not teach him tdg.ji.LAGAB. .LAGAB = MIN, lam-hu-ud-u- Hh.
he will compensate him (the owner of the XIX 165ff.; tug.nig.lam.ban.da lugal = MIN
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lamamahu lamamu B
Bar-ri ibid. 116, cf. (qualified as reti, terdennu, Aa a reading lamassi siriiti (or lamassati sirdti).
redi, Sa lubu2Si, Aa galmi) ibid. 117ff., for forerunners The term probably refers to a free-standing
see MSL 10 p. 143:29ff., 146:43ff., 150:74ff.,
155 No. 2:21ff., No. 4 i 1,156 No. 5 i 23; su-lu-<hu)
figure (in human or partly human shape,
Tt[G].ZI.LAGAB = la-ma-hug-u-u Diri V 146, cf. possibly standing on animals) such as is
[TaG].ZI.LAGAB = [la-ma]-hu-Au Proto-Diri 413; known from north Syrian palaces.
la-ma-hus TOG.ZJ.LAGAB = §U-u (var. la-am-hu-
Au-i) Diri V 127; zu-lum-hi TTG.siG.sUD = la-ma- lamamu A v.; 1. to chew, 2. lummumu to
hus-Su-u ibid. 136; TUG.Zg.LAGAB = lubuStu, chew(?); SB; I ilmum - ilammam, II.
[TTG.sf]Gzu-1usuDU = la-am-hu-Au-u Erimhus VI
44f. la-ma-mu // a-ka-lu CT 41 31 r. 28 (Alu Comm.).
zu-lum-hu-u, NfG.LAM.MA, Su-tu-ru = lam-hu-
su-u (vars. [la]m-ma-huA-Au-u, la-ma-huA-Su-u) 1. to chew: summa ubdnatiSu i-la-am-ma-
Malku VI 55ff., vars. from An VII 149 and 179f.; am u aapdt ramanisu ikkal if (a man) chews
lamx(BIR)-hu-u-u(var. -hug-Su-t) = lu-ba-u sa-a- his fingers and bites his lips Labat TDP 98
mu Malku VI 73; lam-hu-u-Su-u = su-ba-tu dam- r. 52; summa reg immeri idtu naksu 9apatiSu
qu Malku VI 43, An VII 140.
i-lam-ma-am if the head of a sheep, after
2 TG.rNIG.LAM1 lu-bu-ul-du rLUGAL1 EA 14 being cut off, continues to chew its lips
iii 11; TUG.NIG.L[AM Sa] epiS Sipdti gabbiunu CT 41 10 K.6983:16, parallel CT 31 33 r. 34;
a 1.-garment entirely of wool KBo 1 3:34 summa immeri dipdti i-lam-ma-mu if sheep
(treaty); 1 TJG.NiG.LAM pe-si-tum 1 TUG. are chewing wool CT 41 11:14 (SB Alu);
NIG.LAM sa-mu-tum one white 1., one red 1. summa ah4 ana bit ameli irubma NA // E
CT 32 4 xi 20, 22 (NB Cruc. Mon. Manistusu), see ze-e il-mu-um if a pig enters a man's house
Sollberger, JEOL 20 61:328 and 330; 1 TUG. and eats the man's excrement CT 38 47:45,
NIG.LAM u kuttum Aa ana dINNIN.NA.ME ina dupl. CT 30 30 K.3 r. 1, also cited CT 41 31 r. 28
E hilsu iqarrubu one .-garment and the veil (Alu Comm.), for comm., see lex. section.
which they bring into the hilsu-house for the
2. lummumu to chew(?): aban gabi tu-
(statues of the) goddesses TCL 13 233:4 (NB);
lam-ma-am ana nahsir[Au ... ] you soften
2-ta TUG.NIG.LAM.ME ana LU.US.BAR two
alum by chewing(?) (and) [place it] in his
1.-garments to the weaver GCCI 1 388:8, ef.
nostrils AMT 25,6 ii 6, also, wr. tu-lam-[ma-
ibid. 4 and 11 (NB), see also Camb. 245:4, and see
am(?)] ibid. 3, but note tu-lam (in similar
kasirutu.
context) AMT 16,5 ii 7, see lummu v.
lamam5ahu s.; (an apotropaic figure); SB;
Sum. Iw.; wr. dLAMMA.MAH.
The ref. summa Adrat qaqqadiu kima
asi LUM-mu-mat if the hair on his head is as
9drat
UDU.ME S ad-di dLAMMA.MAH.MES Ja aban matted as the hair of a bear CT 28 28:22 and
sadi eqi nakliS abnima ana erbetti Jdri parallel Kraus Texte 3b ii 53should be read
usasbita sigarSin I artistically made of hum-mu-mat, see hamdmu.
massive mountain stone (statues of) mountain In Labat, TDP 66:71 read [i-raml-mu-um (coll.
sheep (and, or: as) 1.-s and had them guard W. G. Lambert).
the locks (ofthe bit hildni)in all four directions
Winckler Sar. pl. 36:164, also pl. 37:37, Lyon lamamu B (lememu) v.; to test(?); MB,
Sar. 17:75. NA (glass texts only).*
The reading of dLAMMA.MAH.MES as one ina appi maSSlca abna te-lem-ma-am-ma
word lamamahii is based on the fact that the tetebbisi tuzaqqari you test(?) the glass (as
plural marker appears after the second to its viscosity) with the tip of your tongs
element only and that similar learned loan- and lower and raise (the crucible as neces-
words are frequent in the inscrs. of Sargon. sary) Iraq 3 90:26 (MB); ina urdkika ta-lam-
Note that Senn. and Esarh. refer to the same ma-ma you test(?) (the mixture) with your
figure with the term aladlammd, q.v., but chisel Oppenheim Glass Tablet E § U ii 8' (NA).
note also, in similar context, dLAMMA alone Possibly to be connected with lammu A
in Senn., see lamassu mng. 2b, which suggests "to chew," hence "to taste," "to check."
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laman lamassu
liman adv.; not yet; lex.*; cf. lma. shining gold (and set it up in her cella)
nu.ub.da = a-di-ni AN.TA, la-ma-an AN.TA -- AKA 164:25 (Asn.); dLAMMA-at age nasat mitti
nu.ub.da as prefix (means) not yet NBGT II u kippate Sa Bihar (for suhar)sepesina Sukbusa
17f.; &.se = la-ma-an ZA 9 161 ii 17 (group voc.). labbi nadrute (two golden keys in the shape
See also luman. of) a female figure with (divine) crown,
holding the mittu-weapon and the loop, the
lamanu see lemenu.
soles of whose feet were resting on ferocious
lamaqartu (lamaqurtu) s.; (a container of lions TCL 3 375 (Sar.); (after Istar of Uruk
a specific capacity); NA. had angrily left her cella) dLAMMA la simat
3 DUG la-ma-qar-te HA
20 lat-t HA 1 lim Eanna usesibu ina simakkisu they put a
HA 1 lim HA.MES ABL 568:9 (= ADD 810), and divine figure not fit for Eanna in her shrine
passim (as maddattu- or namurtu-gifts) in this text, VAB 4 274 iii 27 (Nbn.); note also the feminine
cf. 3 DUGe lal-ma-qur-ti 1 lim A.MES 20 la- hypocoristic name La-ma-s&-tum CCT 4
[atl-ti Iraq 23 pl. 22 ND 2672:26f. 40b:5 (OA), and passim.
For further refs. and discussion see lattu. 3. lamassat ini pupil of the eye (lit. the
image (seen) in the eye): dlama.igi.mu
lamaqurtu see lamaqartu.
pupil of my eye Ugumu 63, in MSL 9 53;
lamassannu see lamassu mng. la-l'. dLAMMA-4t IGIII.MES-ka the pupils of your
eyes (in the enumeration of the parts of the
lamassatu s.; 1. protective spirit, 2. fig- eye, preceded by IGII.MES-ka your eyes,
ural representation of a goddess or (female) followed by siir inika your eyebrows, agappi
divine being, 3. lamassat ini pupil of the eye inika the lids of your eyes) KAR 102:12;
(lit. the image (seen) in the eye), 4. lamassat in med. contexts: if a man's eye is ailing
pani face; from OAkk. on; wr. syll. and si.itu eli dLAMMA IGIII-su [... ] and a film
dLAMMA; cf. lamassu, lamassu in awil [is spread] over his pupil AMT 8,6:5 and dupl.
lamassi. Kocher BAM 23:1; if a man's eyes are ailing,
1. protective spirit: tomorrow I will dam his eyes tear sillu dLAMMA IGII I- su4 -na-kap
up the breach la-ma-sa-at belija lirdeninne astu ana silli it'r di-ma(!)-a kabtasu (see
bitqam esekkiramma if the protective spirits sillu mng. 3) AMT 9,1:32, cf. DIS NA dLAMMA.
of my lord (Zimrilim) accompany me I will MES IGIII-~S GIS.[MI ... ] AMT 13,2:11, cf. also
indeed dam up the breach ARM 6 12:16, cf. AMT 18,6:7, Kocher BAM 15 r. 5'; obscure:
dLAMMA belija ir(!)-de-en-ni-ma harrdn belija [x] IGI KAL-dt IGI i-ta-'a5d ha-pat SAG.DU U GU
Salmat the protective spirit of my lord TCL 6 34 i 4 and dupl. AMT 35,3:3.
accompanied me and the campaign of my
4. lamassat pani face: Enlil is my head
lord was safe ARM 2 130:26 (let. to Zimrilim);
(qaqqadu) panusa iimu UraS ... la-mas-sat
Tasmetu tidqartu etelletu dLAMMA-at mti
pa-[ni-ia] (followed by: kiSddu, idu, ubdnu,
Tasmetu, famous, outstanding, protective
irtu, kinsu, sepu) Maqla VI 2.
spirit of the country KAR 128 r. 31 (prayer of
Tn.). Some of the passages cited lamassu mngs.
2 and 3 with the writings dLAMMA.HI.A
2. figural representation of a goddess or (ARM 7 265:7' and ARM 13 16:6, 10), and (SAL.)
(female) divine being: 3 dLAMMA-tum Ki.GI dLAMMA.MES, referring to figural represen-
[...] three figurines [decorated with (or made tations in general (not to protective spirits)
of)] gold UET 3 686:1 (Ur III); a Aum IGI.SA might belong here whenever the figures
la-ma-sa-at dININN on account of a gift to represented are female. See lamassudiscussion
the statue of Istar CT 2 43:3 and ibid. 13, 22, section.
note the var. IoI.sA la-ma-si dINNIN ibid. 30
(OB); dLAMMA-at Istar ... ina hurdsi ude lamassu (lamastu) s. fem.; 1. protective
lu abni I made a statue of Istar out of spirit (representing and protecting the good
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lamassu lamassu la
fortune, spiritual health and physical ap- sponding Sum. dlamma.dlamma bar.sui.ga.kex
pearance of human beings, temples, cities and ibid. and Ungnad, RLA 2 189 No. 240.
dLAMMA = d§U LTBA 2 2:285 and 4 iv 16.
countries), 2. representation of the lamassu-
spirit, 3. representation in human shape, 1. protective spirit (representing and
4. (a precious stone), 5. (a star); from OA, protecting the good fortune, spiritual health
OB on; lamastu PBS 1/1 2 ii 25, pl. lamas and physical appearance of human beings,
sati; wr. syll. and (SAL.)dLAMMA(.LAMMA); temples, cities and countries) - a) of human
cf. lamassatu, lamassu in awil lamassi. beings - 1' in gen.: to my father sa ildu
badniu la-ma-sa-am ddritam iddinuSum to
la-am-ma AN.KAL = la-mas-su (listed after sedu) whom the god who created him gave a
b
S II 174; [la]-mas-su KAL = dla-mas-suKAL, [la]-
am-ma KAL = dla-am-maKAL (listed after sedu and
permanent protective spirit TCL 17 37:2;
bastu) Ea IV 311f., cf. A IV/4:306f.; dLAMMA = may my Lord and my Lady grant you, my
la-mas-su (after sedu) Igituh I 273, also Erimhus father, good health and happiness [l]a-ma-
II 18; [AN].KAL = la-ma-szm (before sedu) Proto- as-si qabe u magarim ina ekal RN and in the
Izi Bil. B r. 13'; [dKA]L = [s]e-[dul = (Hitt.) tar-
palace of Sumulael a protective spirit quick
pi-is, [dKA]L = la-ma-su = (Hitt.) a-an-na-ri-is
(preceded by dutu and bastu) Erimhus Bogh. A iv to obtain favor (for you) Kraus AbB 1 61:7;
35f.; [ldi.dLAMMA].tuk = a la-ma-as-sd i-su-u la-ma-as-sii sa bijdtija ina littim u sumi dams
OB Lu A 64, also B ii 20; gis.gir.gub dLAMMA = qim ina ekal tattanallaku abi kIta lilabbiru
MIN (= kil-zap-pu) la-mas-si Hh. IV 144; gis. may the protective spirit of my .... let you,
dLAMMA = [...] (after gis.alam = sal-[mu])
Hh. VII B 153. my father, reach old age, victoriously and
ki.ti.la = la-m[a-slm] N 970:1 (OB gramm.). famously, in the palace which you frequent
me tes dald dlamma ki.su.pes zu.zu : ibid. 15:1, cf. la-ma-as-si bijdtija lissurka
datam bantam si-da-[am] la-ma-sa-am mahazam ibid. 6 (all OB); note the exaggeratedly
wu-du-um (it is in your power, IStar) to assign
vigor, dignity, and male and female protective
polite term used by Isme-Dagan in referring
spirits to the cult center(s) Sumer 13 71:10 (OB); to his royal father: libbi l[a]-ma-si inahhid
dGestin.an dlamma.bi : dGEsTIN.AN.NA la-ma- the heart of the "protective spirit" (i.e., of
as-sd-[su] PBS 1/1 11:79+47; let the favorable my father) is worried (because I am in enemy
sedu-spirit walk at my right dlamma sig 5 .ga country) ARM 4 68:18, cf. anumma tuppam
a.ghb.bu.mu mu.un.da.an.gin.na : la-mas-si
dumqi ina gumelija alaku the favorable 1.-spirit
ana ser la-ma-si uStdbilam 1 suhdrka ana sir
walk at my left CT 16 3:93f.; dudug.sig.ga la-ma-si libil now, I am sending herewith a
dlamma.sig 5 .ga nam.en.na nam.lugal.la. tablet to the "protective spirit," one of your
[kex(KID)] : se-ed dum-qi la-mas-si dum-qi sd be-lu-ti (i.e., of the addressee Jasmah-Addu's) ser-
u [sarriiti] 4R 18 No. 3:24f., cf. udug.sigs.ga
dlamma.sig 5 .ga su.na bh.en.su 8 .su.ge.es :
vants should take (it) to the "protective
sedi dumqi la-mas-si dumqi ina zumrisu lu kajdn spirit" ibid. 20f.; ana blija ... la-ma-sa-an-
ASKT p. 98-99 iv 44, cf. also KAR 34:8f.; ni qarrddi BE 17 24:2 (MB).
dlamma.sig5 .ga da.mu he.gub CT 16 4:153,
also ibid. 1:8f., CT 17 14:15f.; dlamma.sig 5 .ga. 2' in omen texts: sarrum la-ma-sa-am
mu [he.me].en : lu la-mas-si dumqija atta irassi the king will have a protective spirit
CT 16 8:286f.; dlamma.[sig 5 .ga a.bi hu.mu.
un.da.an.gub] : la-mas-[si dumqi id]dsu lu (i.e., be lucky) RA 27 149:38, cf. rubim la-
kajdn CT 16 47:224f., cf. ibid. 205f.; d[lamma]. ma-sa-am iraSsi YOS 10 28:2, awilum la-ma-
sag.ga me.lam an.na : la-mas-si dam-qu sa sa-am irassi YOS 10 51 ii 8 and dupl. 52 ii 7,
melammusu saqu 5R 52 i 21f.; ki.ti gi.da.ri.a : d
also 17:94; mriu LAMMA ul ira[ic4] YOS 10
dLAMMA mis-ri-i BE 1 129:14 (Ammisaduqa), and
54:12 (all OB); Sarru dLAMMA ITUK] CT 31 20
note the corresponding Ammiditana date (29th
year): the year in which the king dla-ma-sd-at r. 24, NUN dLAMMA TUK-Ai ibid. 42 r.(!) 12;
ms-ri-i sa ana balatisu ikarrabu ina hurasim dLAMMA i-su Kraus Texte 62 r. 11 (MB);
ruim u abnim aqartim ibnima ordered the making dLAMMA TUK-i Dream-book 326 iii 11l'f., cf.
of figurines of .... protective spirits praying for dLAMMA isabbat ibid. 9' and 15'; LUJ dLAMMA-
his well-being, of shining gold and precious stone
(and dedicated them to Istar) Ungnad, BA 6/3 du izzibu his protective spirit will leave the
p. 47, Poebel, BE 6/2 p. 94, and see for the corre- man KAR 148:28, cf. dLAMMA amli ana
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lamassu la lamassu la
ganimma isahhur Boissier Choix p. 46:11; spirit) AfO 19 54:228; re'd kinu umsu damqu
dLAMMA-4 etret ilappin his protective spirit la-ma-sa-u daritum ana bitim E.AN.NA iterub
is taken away, he will become poor CT 39 47 the good shepherd whose name is cherished,
r. 20; i-tu-tu dLAMMA ittiq (var. gloss DU-ak) whose protective spirit is permanent(ly)
KI.MIN saltu isabbassu the protective spirit with him, entered the temple Eanna UVB 18
will avoid him, variant: he will have quarrels pl. 28c:2 (OB); balti nise arru sa surruhu
CT 39 2:92, cf. ina zumri beliSu baStu inness dLAMMA STT 38:75, see AnSt 6 152 (Poor Man
sima dLAMMA- Nis-ma illa'ib (see la'abu of Nippur); bant dAMMA LUGAL The-Protec-
mng. 3) ibid. 95; ana ameli udti dLAMMA tive-Spirit-of-the-King-Is-Beautiful (name of
TE-9i his protective spirit will (again) draw a gate of Assur) KAV 42 iii 27, see Frankena
near the man CT 38 39:17; GIS.TUKUL Takultu p. 124:124; la-mas-su-us et-ret(!) [n]£e
dLAMMA "sign" of the protective spirit meqSu Suppuh his good looks were taken away,
CT 31 10 iii 6, 28:24 and 29 r. 9, GIS.TUKUL his intelligence was confused BA 5 387 No. 4
dLAMMA NUN KAR 423 i 41; L1U.BI DINGIR U r. 5; the sorceress etla ippalisma dLAMMA-SU
dLAMMA TUK CT 38 40 Sm. 710+ :9', also Kraus ikim looked at the man and took away his
Texte 3 b ii 28; note dLAMMA NiG.TUK U good looks (parallel: dutu line 8) Maqlu III 11;
nah~da Kraus Texte 47:31' and r. 3. lu atrat dLAMMA-si eli sa qa-x [...] let his
physical appearance be better than [...]
3' in hemer., etc.: DINGIR dLAMMA TUK-
AfO 19 60:176; zikirka ina pi nisi sutubba
9i libbadu itTb Labat Calendrier § 31:13, also
dLAMMA your (Marduk's) name is sweeter for
§ 15:7; LUGAL.BI DINGIR dLAMMA TUK-8
people to pronounce than (that of their own)
4R 33* iii 52, etc.
protective spirit BMS 22:8, see Ebeling Hand-
4' in lit.: Sin in heaven heard her call erhebung 106; grant me (addressing Marduk)
(that of the cow in travail), stretched out his rema unnina balta dLAMMA mercy, granting
hands from heaven 2 dLAMMA.ME § ame of prayers, dignity (and) good health (lit. a
uridanimma two I.-spirits descended from protective spirit) BMS 22 r. 64; dLAMMA qabe
heaven (one carrying oil, the other bringing Seme u magaru the protective spirit (which
down the water-of-easy-birthgiving) Kocher brings about) immediate obedience (lit. to
BAM 248 iii 25, dupl. AMT 67,1 iii 15, cf. 2-ta speak, to listen, to agree) PBS 1/1 17:28;
dKALxBAD Same iridani Lambert, Studies ittika lirubu la-mas-si let good fortune enter
Landsberger 286:30 (MA version); iprud la-mas- with you (listed in parallel phrases with
si-ma sandmma ise'e my protective spirit mitguru, Suiuru, baltu, nuhsu, tuhdu, hegallu,
shied away (from me) to search for somebody etc.) KAR 58:11; dLAMMA.SIG 5 .GA spikat
else Lambert BWL 32:46 (Ludlul I), cf. [ina] erseti musatlimat dLAMMA dumqi (Gula as)
KA.dLAMMA.RA.BI la-mas-si itteh[anni] at the DN who heaped up this earth, who assigns
.... -Lamassu-Gate (see mng. 2b) my pro- favorable protective spirits Craig ABRT 2
tective spirit joined me (again) ibid. 60:80 16:20 and dupls., see JRAS 1929 10; dNam-za-at
(Ludlul IV); one who attends the god rasi la- (= Manzat) nadinat dLAMMA.MES DN, who
mas-[sa] obtains a protective spirit ibid. provides protective spirits (incipit of a song)
70:21; ittesi la-mas-si my protective spirit KAR 158 i 16; in an enumeration of cultic
withdrew Rm. 2,273: 6', cf. la-ma-as-tum misdeeds: ana dLMMA ubanSu ittaras he
bastaSu nesi si-[...] PBS 1/1 2 ii 25, cf. also has pointed with his finger at a protective
[ana ... ] ba-a-ta ana NUN la-ma-sa K.9504+ spirit gurpu II 87, cf. dLAMMA abi u ummi
:11; Znat balti nukkurat la-mas-si (see batu ittami he has taken an oath by the protective
mng. la-l') 4R 59 No. 2:18; I held the in- spirit of his parents ibid. 88, also (with §E§.
habitants of Sumer and Akkad on my lap GAL and NIN.GAL, ibru and tappi, ilu and
ina la-ma-si-a ibbida they prospered under arru, belu and beltu) ibid. 89ff., with comm.:
my divine protection CH xl 53 (epilogue); ridi dLAMMA DINGIR U LUGAL [it-tal-[mu /] AUTU U
la-mas-sa have (pl.) good luck (lit. a protective dIM it-mu-u see Surpu p. 51:49; in broken
62
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lamassu lb lamassu Ic
context: [... ]-am la-mas-sa-am a-ma-tam dumqi qereb ekalli Adtu dariA lidtabrii the
[...] KBo 8 11:2. favorable ~ddu- and 1.-spirits stay forever in
this palace OIP 2 125:53 (Senn.), cf. qereb
b) of a family, a city, a country, a temple:
ekalli gdtu ded dumqi dLAMMA (var. la-mas-si)
bitum rimum gumgu [da]ltum ld-ma-si-um
sla 5 (var. dunqi) ndsir kibsi sarrutijamuhad
suma Wild-Bull is the name of the temple,
du kabattija daril listabr4 may the favorable
L.-Spirit is the name of the door Belleten
Sgdu- and I.-spirits who are watching over
14 224:17 (OA), cf. [...] ina ld-ma-si-ju [... ]
my royal steps, who make my mind happy,
ibid. 228:73; muter dLAMMA-sU (vars. dLAMMA-
stay forever in this palace Borger Esarh. 64
su, la-ma-si-ju) damiqtim ana Slim GN who
vi 62; dedu damqu dLAMMA damiqtu inessi
restored the vigorous look to the city GN
elija the favorable s~du- and 1.-spirits
CH iv 56, var. from RA 45 75 (prologue), cf.
withdrew from me 4R 59 No. 2:19; ged
e.babbar.ra dlamma.a 6 .ga.bi im.mi.
dumqi nasiru dLAMMA mgari mugallimu
g [i4 : ana Ebabbar d LAMMA-gu damiqtam [...] AAA 20 81:21 (Asb.); dSedu dLAMMA
uter YOS 9 36:90 (Sum.) = CT 37 4 iii 91 (Akk.,
manzaz mahriki Craig ABRT 1 54 iv 29; inum
Samsuiluna), see RA 39 9 and RA 61 42; mutir
la-mas(!)-si mzgari izzizzuma ahjtum when
dLAMMA E.SAR.RA batilti ana agrigu who
the lucky 1.-spirit stepped aside (cf. gedu in
returned its lost splendor to the temple
next line) MVAG 21 88 r. 6 (Kedorlaomer text);
Esarra OIP 2 135:6 (Senn.), cf. ana Uruk
the people in se-e-di-ia idmiqa(!) in la-ma-si-
sdudu ana Eanna la-ma-sa-ga damiqtim uter
ia immira prospered under my Sedu-spirit,
VAB 4 92 ii 55 (Nbk.); la-mas-si E puzra
were happy under my 1.-spirit Unger Babylon
itahaz the protective spirit of the temple has
No. 26 ii 14 (Nbk.).
gone into hiding (Sum. destroyed) CT 16
39:7; note offerings made IGI dLAMMA 2' in omen texts: awilum i-da-am u la-
(parallel I tar biti) VAS 6 234:2 and 6 (NB); ma-[s]d-am iraggi RA 44 27 AO 9066:33f.,
E.BI dLAMMA TUK-Si CT 38 18:121 (SB Alu);
dLAMMA mati ili ikkimu the gods will remove
the protective spirit of the country Labat
LU §
cf. NIN se-da u
dLAMMA
la-ma-sa iragSi YOS 10 63:14;
U jedu ina zumrisu rakis the
protective spirits 1. and &eduare bound to
Calendrier § 66': 20; manzazu istardti dLAMMA that man AfO 18 67 iii 30 (all OB); sedu u
KUR limhuru may the statues of the god- dLAMMA ina bitidu [...] CT 38 40 K.6912+ :4,
desses, the protective spirit of the country also [N]IN-tum A.RA U dLAMMA TUK-Si KAR
approach (the god Assur) Frankena Takultu 465:3 and dupl. KAR 417:3; NA BI geda u
p. 6 iv 4; [SAL].zi dLAMMA [Su.an].na k i . dL[AMMA TUK] KAR 382 r. 71, also CT 20 50
kex : sinnistu kittu la-mas-si Bdbilu ArOr 21 r. 21, CT 30 22 K.6268 ii 4; gedu u dLAMMA
377 iii 14f.; dLAMMA URU Hatti dLAMMA URU idi ummdn nakri ittanallaku the protective
GN KBo 1 1 r. 43, also 2 r. 21, 4 iv llff., KUB 3 spirits ~idu and 1. will walk with the army
17:16, and note dLAMMA EDIN dLAMMA LIL of the enemy KAR 446:2, also ibid. 1 (SB ext.).
dLAMMA KUR-ta-aS KBo 1 1 r. 44 and 2 r. 21;
3' in lit.: napldsudAa bani buaru bagtum
note in a geogr. name: ID dLAMMA TCL 12
marahu la-ma-as-su-umse-e-du-um (see batu
32:26 (NB).
mng. lc-l') RA 22 169:16 (OB); the great
c) mentioned beside sedu - 1' in hist.: gods A~d dumqi dLAMMA dumqi ukinnu idija
Sedum la-ma-sm ilu ribit Esagila libitti have assigned to me a favorable gedu-spirit
Esagila igirre... lidammiqu may the ~edu- and a favorable 1.-spirit OECT 6 pl. 11
(and) I.-spirits (of Esagila), the gods entering K.1290:16, cf.edu SIG 5 dLAMMA SIGm-tumina
Esagila (and the very) brickwork of Esagila biti lu kajdn AfO 14 146:130 (bit masiri), dSda
recommend me (every day to my lord Mar- SIG5 dLAMMA SIaG-tui ukna BMS 12:110, see
duk) CH xli 48 (epilogue); may upon the Ebeling Handerhebung 82, cf. also lurbi S~da
command of Assur, the father of the gods damqa a paniki la arkiki likat dLAMMA
and of Itar, the queen dSd dumqi dLAMMA luri ibid. 62:31; [...] URi itti Se-de-e la-mas-
63
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lamassu Id lamassu 2a
si-e AnSt 7 130:42 (let. of Gilg.); mdmit sedi u 62:41; in personal names: for OAkk. La-ma-
la-mas-si Surpu III 45; dKALx BAD SIG 5 dLAMMA si and La-ma-sum, see Gelb, MAD 3 p. 162;
SE.GA ana E LU [...] K.10333:6' (namburbi, A-sur-ld-ma-si BIN 4 111:4, and passim in OA,
courtesy R. Caplice); sed biti dLAMMA E kinifn Istar-ld-ma-si TCL 20 103:1, and passim, A-
biti lipsuruka may the protective sedu-spirit sur-be-el-ld-ma-si BIN 6 184:26, La-ma-si
of the house, the protective 1.-spirit of the ibid. 222:8, etc., see Hirsch Untersuchungen p. 44
house (and) the hearth of the house give you n. 227 (all OA); dMarduk-la-ma-sa-su CT 2
release Craig ABRT 1 57:31; dtedu dLAMMA 41:42, and passim, dNa-bi-um-la-ma-sd-su CT
Frankena Takultu p. 7 vi 36; you write on the 6 6 r. 25, dramas-la-ma-sd- u CT 6 44a: 14,
magic figurine's side muserib dgSdi damqi u dEN.zu-la-ma-si UET 5 577:4, i-la-ma-si
dLAMMA SIG 5 -ti this is the one who makes She-Is-My-Protective-Spirit CT 45 2:6, and
the favorable sedu-spirit and the favorable passim, La-ma-sa-ni Our-Protective-Spirit
1.-spirit come in KAR 298:36. (name of a naditu) Kraus AbB 1 61:3; for
names of the type Ali-lamassi, see Stamm
d) designating a specific deity: DN-ma Namengebung p. 285 (all OB); dLAMMA-ba-ni
la-ma-sh-k[a] lisallimsinati may Marduk, ARM 7 190:1 and 20; fla-mas-si-dA-sur ARM
your protector-god, keep them (the sheep) 10 2:3; fJi-a-la-ma-as-si BE 15 163:38,
well Kraus AbB 1 7:24; (after an enumer- dAG-dLAMMA-8" PBS 2/2 25:3; fLa-mas-su-
ation of deities) DN DNg DINGIR LUGAL tum BE 15 177:16 (all MB).
u dLAMMA LUGAL Suqamuna and (the
goddess) Sumalija, the protective male and 2. representation of the lamassu-spirit-
female spirits of the king MDP 6 pl. 10 vi 8 a) in gen.: dlamma.ku.babbar = [la-
(MB kudurru); Asalluhi sa kima sumisuma mas-su] (after alam.kiu.babbar) Hh. XII
la-mas-si ili u mati who according to his 222, dlamma.zabar = [la-mas-su] (after
very name is the protective spirit of god alam.zabar) ibid. 131, na 4 .dlamma.za.
and country En. el. VI 149; DINGIRe- gin = la-mas-su (after na 4 .alam.za.gin)
duKAL, DINGIRla-ma-suKAL (among messenger Hh. XVI 86; na 4 .dlamma.gi .nUx(SIR).gal
gods of a deity) CT 24 33 v 28f. (god list), cf. = la-mas-su (after na 4 .alam.gii.nux.gal)
dLAMMA = MIN (= dPAP.SUKKAL) S la-ma-si ibid. 18; naggdrum jamhadum sa la-ma-as-s&-
ibid. 40:58, cf. also mdHe.du 7 .dlamma.ra am [ipp]esu 1 bilat sir'dni irisan[ni] the
= mLa-mas-si-dPap-[sukkal] 5R 44 ii 23 (list woodworker from GN who is making a
of names); Adad paris puruss sa kissat nisi 1.-statue asked me for a talent of sinews (to
la-mas-si (var. dLAMMA) mdti who makes make glue) ARMT 13 42:6; the four women
decisions for all mankind, the protective should enter the sanctuary supala la-ma-as-
spirit of the country Biggs Saziga 42:7, cf. sa-a-ti u kdribdti lu salla and sleep at the
[d]la-ma-as-si = dIM CT 25 16 i 6; dINNIN feet of the 1.-representations and of the
belet tdhazim u qablim pdtiat kakkija la-ma-si interceding goddesses MDP 4 pl. 18 No. 3:6,
damiqtum rd'imat paleja Istar, the lady of also ibid. 8, see MDP 2 p. 121; if a woman gives
battle, who launches my attack, my favorable birth dLAMMA u binu ameluti GAR (and the
protective spirit, who loves my rulership child) has the form of a protective 1.-spirit
CH xliii 96 (epilogue); Bau la-mas-si E.NAM.ZU but a human face Leichty Izbu II 67, also
KAR 109 r. 12; za.e dingir.bi me.en za.e cited Izbu Comm. 111, with the explanation
dlamma.[bi me.en] : attama ilusina u-8d-rumUS U SAL.LA GAR it has male and
attama la-mas-si-[i-na] you are its (man- female sex organs ibid. 112; on a favorable
kind's) god, you are its protective spirit day you set up three reed altars ana il Lli
4R 29 No. 1 r. Iff., see OECT 6 p. 59; DN nams ITtar dli dLAMMA URU before (the images of)
rirri dLAMMA-Ca uma[lli] the goddess the protective god and goddess of the city
Damgalnunna has given your (Marduk's) (and that of) the protective 1.-spirit of the
appearance a terror-inspiring sheen AfO 19 city RAcc. 34:2, also (with il biti Ihtar biti
64
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lamassu 2b lamassu 4
dLAMMA biti) ibid. 36 r. 5 and 40:3, cf. dLAMMA sub No. 128, BiOr 18 200 iii 20f., also Miller,
E KAR 298:48; kablate SAL.dLAMMA.MES MVAG 41/3 16 iii 32, etc.; dLAMMA AN-U Sa
KI.TA SAL.dLAMMA.MES Supur x x 8 SAL. bit dli KAV 78:30.
dLAMMA.ME§ ina muhhi gisse Sa Siddi the feet
3. representation in human shape:
(of the throne consist of) 1.-representations, d
LAMMA.HI.A ra-qi-da(or -du)-tim u sahirtam
below the 1.-representations are [...] claws,
9a kisal giimmar (they should check on) the
there are eight 1.-representations atop the
representation of dancing I.-figurines and on
two cross pieces of the long side Streck
the enclosure of the palm-tree courtyard
Asb. 296 r. 23, see Bauer Asb. p. 50 n. 1, and
ARMT 13 16:6 and 10; 1 GAL dLAMMA.HI.A
passim in this text describing a bed and a throne;
hurdsi one rhyton (decorated with several)
if the intestines look like dLAMMA.GADA.MAH
1.-representations, of gold (weighing four
BRM 4 13:67, dupl. Boissier Choix 91 K.3805:6,
minas) ARM 7 265:7', cf. 1 kussd ... 1
cf. dLAMMA.GADA(text .UD).MAH (dedicated
nemedu [...] 4 [d]LAMMA [...] ARM 7 123:3;
for the life of Nazimaruttas) UVB 12/13 43:7.
[1 la-m]a-sui Sa hurasi URUDU mi-ih-hu-uz
ina libbiSu zi-mi-u sumSu one figurine of
b) used at gates: namari a KA dLAMMA.
a 1.-spirit of gold, copper .... in it, its name
LAMMA the tower of the 1.-gate AOB 1
is zimiu EA 14 i 68; one hubunnu-container
130:22 (Shalm. I), cf. ibid. 134:21; er[betti
of gold la-ma-as-sd [sa i]na q[ab]la kaspi
UDU sad-di] dLAMMA sa kaspi siparri itti
sa izzaz (in the form(?) of) a 1.-figurine
UDU sad-di dLAMMA a aban sad esqi naklis
which is on a socle(?) of silver, standing
abnima I artistically made four .... sheep
ibid. i 59; 21 dLAMMA Sa NA, 21 1.-figurines of
as protective spirits of silver (and) bronze,
glass ibid. iii 59; 1 dLAMMA urada uhhuz
together with .... sheep serving as pro-
(for the king's wife and the king's daughter)
tective spirits of massive quarried stone
ibid. ii 13f., cf. 2 dLAMMA ibid. i 55; one bed
OIP 2 97:85 (Senn.); I placed to the right
with golden mountings GiR.MES-9 dLAMMA.
and the left of the gate Sede u dLAMMA.ME§ Sa
JI.A its feet are 1.-figurines ibid. ii 19 (list of
NA 4 .ME§ sa ki pi siknisunu irti lemni utarru
gifts from Egypt); salmdni Aldni dLAMMA.MES
nasiru kibsi musallimu tallakti - sedu- and
DINGIR.MES darsuti the pictorial representa-
1.-figures of stone which according to their
tions of cities, the statues of the fallen gods
(the stones') nature ward off evil, pro-
Frankena Takultu p. 5 i 30; dLAMMA iltigu rabite
tecting (my) path, safeguarding (my) going
a representation of his (Ninurta's) great
in and out Borger Esarh. 62 B vi 41; note
godhead AKA 210:19 and 345 ii 133, as against
SAL.dLAMMA.MES (listed between aladlammil
lamassatuwhen referring to Istar ibid. 164:25;
and apsasdti) ibid. 61 v 78 and vi 18; SAL.
ldnki (var. la-mas-sa-ki) abni baltaki dmur
dLAMMA.MES gisnugalli Sinni piri sa illiru
I have made an image of you (sorceress),
nasa kitmusa rittaSin ... ina babanisin ulziz
I have seen your self Maqlu VII 68, of.
I placed at their (the palace's) doorways
Maqlu VIII 90, cited baAtu mng. 2a; ALAM
figures of I.-spirits made of alabaster (and)
dLAMMA JRAS 1912 1028 iv 5.
ivory, holding illiru-flowers, their hands
folded(?) OIP 2 120:25, also 106 vi 32, cf. (re- 4. (a precious stone): [na 4 .dlamma] =
ferring to the manufacture of I.-figures) [MIN (= aban) la-m]as-si Hh. XVI 132, cf.
dLAMMA.MES-te ibattuqu (see batdqu mng. 4) na4 .tes, na 4 .arhus(!), na4 .dlamma RS Re-
Iraq 17 134:14, cf. also (in broken context) cension 166ff.; libnassu Sa NA4 .dLAMMA its
dLAMMA.MES annite ABL 103 r. 7 (both NA); brickwork is of 1.-stone ZA 53 238:7 (NB hymn
ina bdb sit JamSi KA dLAMMA.A.RA.BI (speaking to Ezida); abnu dikingu kima di-ri-in-di aGS.[x]
of the gates of Esagila) VAB 4 210 i 23 and 29 NA4. dLAMMA [Sumu] the stone which looks like
(Ner.), cf. Lambert BWL 60:80, cited mng. la; cut [...]-wood is called 1.-stone STT 108:71,
dLAMMA AN.TA dLAMMA KI.TA (obscure) cf. (description of stone destroyed) ibid. 50, see JCS
Frankena Takultu p. 6 iii 34f., and see ibid. p. 101 21 154; NA 4 .NiG.Ag.GA : NA 4.dLAMMA luck
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lamassu 5 lamastu
stone : 1.-stone Uruanna II 154; note the labacu-demon, who make the body sick CT 16
inscription NA 4 .dLAMMA (between the two 1:34f.; ddim.me h6.a ddim.me.a he.a ddim.
me.HAB he.a : lu la-maS-tum lu labsu lu ahhazu
panels on the seal) meaning "amulet stone" CT 17 34:17f., also CT 16 35:37f., KAR 56:16,
rather than referring to the nature of the ASKT p. 90-91 ii 62; ddim.me h6.me.en : lu
seal stone (rose jasper) TCL 3 p. xii; NA 4. la-ma4-tum MIN (= atta) CT 16 10 v 15f.; 7.4m
dLAMMA Surpu VIII 86, also K6cher BAM 311:15, ddim.me hul.a.mes 7.am adim.me.a ged 4 .de
KAR 213 i 17, LKU 32 r. 9, UET 4 149:6, 150:16, hul.a.mes : 8ibit
la-mas-ti lemnitu sibit labasi
li'bu lemnutu CT 16 13 iii 21ff.; [d]dim.me ka.
and passim for use as a charm and for magic prac- mus.i.kd.[e] : la-mad-tum pahittu CT 17 25 i 5;
tices. ld ddim.me su.ha.za ba.an.da.gar(var. .kar).
ra : a la-mad-tid(var. -turn) Zhuzuu whom the 1.-
5. (a star): MUL nibI ,a MUL.tZ dLAMMA demon has seized 5R 50 i 53f., see Borger, JCS 21
sukkal dBa-4 CT 33 1 i 26. 4:27, cf. K.15251:5f.; udug ddim.me uhxldi.ra
The protective spirit 1. is always represented sh.su : sa Sedi u la-mas-ti imtu Lt issan he has
heaped the spittle of the Sedu and the 1.-demons
as a female figure (only a late omen passage upon the man CT 16 49:298f.; ddim.me nam.
seems to refer to it as a hermaphrodite), but ba.te.gA.d6 : [la-ma-tu e] tathisu- 1.-demon, do
later texts differentiate between lamassatu not affect him! CT 16 30 i (C) 78f. and CT 17
"statue of a goddess" and lamassu "statue 46:78f.
of a god." See discussion sub lamassatu. 1. (a female demon) - a) in gen.: salma:
Since no OB lexical source gives a Sum. nija ana la-maS-ti mdrat Anim tapqida you
reading for this word (the reading lamm a (witches) have handed over figurines rep-
comes from Ea only), the reading of the resenting me to the 1.-demon, the daughter
logogram is uncertain. The personal name of Anu Maqlu IV 45; sa dDiM.ME (var. la-
La-ma-ga is not sufficient evidence for pos- mas-tum) isbatuSu whom the 1.-demon has
iting a noun *lam'um which would occur seized (parallel: labasu, ahhazu) urpu IV 52,
only with the suffix fa; for discussion see dDiM.ME isabbassu KAR 177 iii 18 (hemer.);
Hirsch Untersuchungen 2 additions to p. 44, n. 227. iskip la-mas-tu sadd uste[li] he repulsed the
For UET 3 686:1, see lamassatu. 1.-demon, sending (her) back to the "Moun-
Landsberger, ZA 37 218f., 41 228f., MAOG 4 tain" Lambert BWL 52:8 (Ludlul III), cf. la
321; Spycket, RA 54 73ff.; Wiseman, Iraq 22 mas-tu[m i-ri]-da ultu qereb sadi ibid. 40:55
166ff.; von Soden, Bagh. Mitt. 3 148ff.; Limet
Anthroponymie 129ff.; Oppenheim Ancient (Ludlul II); may the goddess Annunitu
Mesopotamia 199ff. crush mdrtam pasittam dDIM.ME ekkemtam
the .... daughter, the snatcher-demon 1.
lamassu in awil lamassi s.; lucky, CT 42 32:10 and dupl., see von Soden, BiOr 18 71;
divinely protected person; lex.*; cf. lamassu. SILA dLa-ma-as-tim - 1.-street (in Sippar)
lu ki.ti.il.la(var. omits .la) = a-wi-il la-ma-si CT 2 27:6 (OB).
OB Lu B ii 22, var. from N 3861, see MSL 12 179.
For the rare Sum. correspondence ki. ti (1) b) in enumerations: dla-ma-aS-tic dla-bd-
to lamassu see N 970 and BE 1 129:14 cited su dah-ha-Z ZA 45 206 iv 8 (Bogh.), cf. [lu]
lamassu lex. section. la-maS-tum lu labasu lu ahhazu AAA 22 42 i 3,
also Maqlu I 137, mursu di'u la-mas-tum
lamastu see lamassu and lamastu. ahhazu bibihtu RA 41 31:5 and r. 3, etc., also
lu dDiM.ME nl dDIM.ME.[A ... ] in dDiM.ME.
lamattu (lamassu) s.; 1. (a female demon),
IHAB LKA 70 ii 18, KAR 227 iii 35, dupl. LKA
2. (a disease); from OB on; wr. syll. and
89 r. 27, Maqlu II 54, V 70, etc., see also lex. sec-
dDiM.ME.
tion.
dim.me = la-mnai-tum (followed by dim.me.a
= labaqu, dim.me.HAB = ahhzu) Lu Excerpt II c) on amulets: dDim.me dumu An.na
179a; d .. ] dDM.ME = la-ma-tu (followed by
(inc.) RA 18 196:1, dDIM.ME DUMU dA-nim
laba.u, ahhyzu) CT 24 44 xi 142 (god list).
ddim.me ddim.me.a su.na ba.ni.in.gig.ga ibid. 198:1, and passim, see Klengel, MIO 7 334ff.
: la-ma4-tum labau da zumra uSamrau-l.-demon, and 8 25ff.; 14 NA4 .MEA DiM.ME 14 stone
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lamagtu lammu A
beads (as charms) against the 1. Kocher BAM neck CT 14 23 K.9283: 23ff., cf. Kocher BAM 315
183:23, 38, and passim in such lists. i 36, cf. v.dDIM.ME ina amni AMT 78,2:2,
cf. also TCL 6 12 r. vi 4 (astrol.), see Weidner
d) with ref. to the demon's attack: la-
Gestirn-Darstellungen 30; ana ... dDIM.ME (after
mad-ti itu Sameurdamma the 1.-demon has
come down from heaven LKU 32:12, cf.
a list of stone charms and materia medica)
CT 14 16 BM 93084 r. 6; in broken context
[la-ma]-tum u labasi LKU p. 9:38; DUMTU.
MES la-ma-tum (var. dDiM.ME) isabbat the [U(?)] la-maA-tum CT 14 35 K.14111:5.
I.-demon will seize children VAT 10218 iii For Sumer 13 97:8, see askuppatu usage a.
20, var. from ibid. 30 (astrol.); isbat KI.SIKIL
lamattu s.; ant; syn. list*; WSem. word(?).
la-mad-tum iqabb4Si isbat L .TUR dDIM.ME
la-ma-at-tum = kul-ba-bu Malku V 61.
iqabbii when she attacks the young woman
Landsberger Fauna 136.
they call her l., when she attacks the small
child they call her Dimme ZA 16 158 i 36f., lamatu see amatu A mng. 6b.
salam dDIM.ME teppud you make an image
of the I.-demon (and place it beside the sick *lama'um see lamassu discussion section.
person) ibid. 160 ii 23, etc., mostly referred to as
marat Anim. **lami'um II (AHw. 533b) read i-ld-mu-
<du>, see lamddu.
2. (a disease)-a) in gen.: i.ddim.me
= dam-me la-mas-si = am-me t[ur-ti] the lamdu (fem. lamittu) adj.; experienced;
plant for 1.-disease Hg. D 221, in MSL 10 105; SB; cf. lamadu.
[na 4 .dD]iM.ME = MIN (= NA4 ) la-mad-ti = la lam-du-um-mi eriqqu the inexperienced
[...] Hg. B IV 83, in MSL 10 32; lipit dDIM. (it is said) is a wagon Lambert BWL 260b
ME ina mdti ibadi an epidemic of the 1.- VAT 10810:6 (Sum. destroyed); [ki.sik]il
disease will be in the country ACh Sin 24:66; nu.un.zu.am he.me.en : [lu] ardatu la
summa ina MN dDiM.ME isbassu ramansuikkal la-mit-tum atta be you an innocent young
if the I.-disease seizes him in MN and he eats woman CT 16 50:18f.
his own flesh Labat Calendrier § 56:1.
lam huiu see lamahu.d.
b)in diagnoses: if his face is yellow
dDM.ME isbassu the 1.-disease has seized him la'miS adv.; like embers; SB; cf. la'mu.
Labat TDP 72:11; sibit dDiM.[ME] KAR 211:9;
[niSg(?)] de-dd-a-ti tu-bal-li la-'-mes you
sibit etemmi dDIM.ME ana uG[u ... ]-te-hi(?)
(Marduk) extinguished the numerous people
(symptoms: fever and attacks of insanity)
like embers BA 5 386:18, also ibid. 387 r. 21.
Labat TDP 22:37; §U dDiM.ME "hand" of the
l.-demon ibid. 168:7, also ibid. 240:8 and lammu A (lummu) s.; 1. almond tree,
242:12, note Su dDiM.ME mdr ip[ri .a ... ] 2. sapling; MB, SB, NA; Sum. lw.
ibid. 240:9ff.; if a man suffers a "stroke" e-es GI .LAMXKUR = lam-mu, iqdu Diri II 223f.;
that affects his face talammadu idammamsu lu-ug [GI .LAM1 = la-am-mu, 4iqdu Diri II Bogh.
his .... becomes paralyzed KIN [la]-mad-ti 223a-223b (= KUB 3 98:2f.), cf. S b I 216.
(diagnosis:) the work of the I.-disease AMT gelam (twice, after the gmes-section and before
1
gih.suh) Forerunner to Hh. III 23ff.; g lam.
sibit dDiM.ME SU
77,1:1; with direct ref. to sick children:
mdrat Anim (symptoms:
chills and fever, craving for water) Labat TDP
gal, gAlam.tur (between EiAennur and geal.la.
nu.um) ibid. 31ff.; gis.tr.Ku = aSuhu, gi.Y.KU.
TUR = lam-mu, niplu, ziqpu, Sitlu Hh. III 74ff.;
224 : 51 ff. gis.A.AM.tur = lam-mu (var. lum-mu), niplu,
ziqpu, iitlu ibid. 148ff.; gis.mes = meau, lam-mu
c) with ref. to medication: [uf ... u]. ibid. 200f.; lam-mu = Gi .T.KU CT 18 3 iv 20.
dDiM.ME : SiG.SID talammi ina kiSddiu tas 0 lam-mu : U dul-bu Uruanna II 501; u a-a-dr
KUbu-ut Sd KUR-i : an-ki-nu-te kzma lam-me
akkan [the .. .- plant] is for I.-disease: you Uruanna I 561; uncert.: ( lam-ma (var. i lam-me
wrap it in a tuft of wool, place it around his §E) : i MIN (= epitatu) Uruanna II 346.
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lammu B lamsatu
1. almond tree: see Diri, Uruanna, Fore- of purified silver and of gold Wilcke Lugalbanda
runner to Hh. III, in lex. section; GI lam-mu 92:18.
(in enumeration of trees planted in the royal lam-si-su = nam-h[a-ru] Malku IV 148.
park) Iraq 14 33:42 (Asn.); PA GIB lam- DUG.LAM.IR.U§(?) (among vessels) Frank
me almond tree leaves (in medical pre- Strassburger Keilschrifttexte 38 r. 3 (OB).
scription) AMT 69,1:18; GIB la-mu istu kire Civil, Studies Oppenheim 84f.
ubattaquni they cut an almond tree from lamsisu see lamsisu.
the garden KAR 33:7, cf. ibid. 8 and 14, wr.
GI lam-mu ibid. 10 and 20 (NA rit.). lamsatanu adj.; full of boils(?) (occ. only
as name of a horse); MB*; cf. lamsatu.
2. sapling: see (referring to young trees
of various species) Hh. III, in lex. section. A brown horse DUMU Lam-sa-ta-ni PBS
2/2 1:4, see Balkan Kassit. Stud. p. 14, cf. ibid.
Meaning based on the occurrence of lammu
p. 19 No. 9:6, 9, 11, p. 24 No. 17:5.
in the lists beside §iqdu "almond"; note,
however, the occurrence of g is.lam in two lamsatu (lamsu, namsu, namsatu) s.; 1. (a
different contexts in Forerunner to Hh. III, fly, lit. dust fly), 2. (a skin eruption); SB;
and the late equations with aAshu "fir" and wr. syll. and NIM.SAHAR.RA; cf. lamsatanu.
dulbu "plane." nim.sahar.ra = lam-.a-tu(vars. -ti, nam-sa-tu)
(Thompson DAB 248.) Hh. XIV 305; nim.sahar.ra = lam-sa-tum =
lam-su (var. na[m-su]) Hg. A II 270, var. from Hg.
lammu B s.; (a name of the nether world B III iv 13, in MSL 8/2 45 and 47; ni-im NIM =
and of a star); SB.* nam-sa-tu // ba-aq-qa A VIII/3 Comm. 8.
[nim].sahar.ra [kid.as].nigin.na ba.si :
lam-mu = er-se-tum LTBA 2 2:5. ana la-am-sa-ti I.A§.NIGfN.NA ma-hi-si for the 1.
MUL Lam-mu SUKKAL dBa-u 5R 46 No. 1:17. a .... is woven Lambert BWL 236 ii 9, restored
For lam in the meaning nether world, cf. from Dialogue 1:15, see MSL 9 178.
la-am-ma LAM = er-se-tum Sb I 216, see MSL 1. (a fly, lit. dust fly): ze kalbi ze [na]m(?)-
4 206, also LAM = er-se-tu AfO 17 316 F 8 sa-a-ti tumallama tapattan you fill (it) with
(comm. on Marduk's Address to the Demons), dog's dung and 1. dung and eat it 2R 60
giL.lam.~r.ar = muStabil ame u erseti K.4334 r. i 19, see TuL p. 19:18; summa MUL
AfO 19 110:40 and parallel Antagal G 317. Note ana NIM.SAHAR.RA GUR if a star turns into a
also dur.gi.lam.ma (i.e., rikis name u 1.-fly Bab. 4 123 K.3911:7 (omens).
erseti) = DUR.GIS.LAM (a name of Nippur)
Erimhus V 21. 2. (a skin eruption) -
a) lamsatu: lam-
pa-ti (var. l[a]-ma-sa-ti) saknat she (the
lammudu see lummudu. demon represented) has 1.-s (on her head?)
MIO 1 70 iii 39 (SB description of representations
lammunu see lummunu. of demons); with a sharp stone UGa lam-
lamni§ see lemnis. sa-te-sc tukkak you scratch the surface(?) of
his boils(?) AMT 101,3 i 8 and 12; [...] :
lamnu see lemnu. j sAd-mi lam-sa-te, [....] : P ,d-mi MIN (= lam-
sa-te) zI (= nasahi) medication for 1. CT 37
lamsishi (lamsisu) s.; (a brewing vat); 28 BM 108860 i 24, CT 14 36 81-2-4,267:1f.;
OB, SB; Sum. lw.; wr. syll. and DUG.
[v l]am-sa-tum : P el-pe-[tum] Uruanna I
LAM.IR(?).
281/1; P lam-sa-tu : P x-lam-bi-ru Uruanna
dug.lamx(BIR).si.sa = §u-u Hh. X 28; dug. II 447.
lamx.si.sa = §u-u = nam-zi-tum, nam-ha-ru
Hg. II 69, in MSL 7 110; dug.lam.si.sk = b) lamsat bilhti suppurating(?) 1.: summa
lam-8i-8u(var, adds -i) (in group with kirru,
ammammu, tharil) Erimhus VI 24.
amllu lam-sa-at hi-la-a-ti marusma magal
gi.lam.sa.a.ni ku.babbar.me.a Kt.G : alikat if a man suffers from suppurating(?)
lam-si-is-sa me-su kas-pa u [hurata] her 1. is made 1. and it (the sore) is very purulent AMT 44,1
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lamsu lamf
ii 14; summa mursu MIN ulldnumma haris a person, a region, to circumambulate, 2.
libbaSu sikkati mali ... [.... ] u illak lam-sa-at to encircle, to arrange decorations in a cir-
hi-la-a-ti NITA MU.NI if the same disease has cular form, to encircle an object with deco-
been recognized for a long time, its(?) interior rations, to form a circle for magic purposes
is full of "nails," [...] and it runs, its name with sand, flour, etc., to wall a city, a precinct,
is suppurating(?) "male" 1. ibid. 4, cf. (if blood to fence a garden, a house, etc., to surround
[and pus] flow out) lam-sa-at hi-la-a-te SAL (in transferred mng.), 3. to wrap up, to
MU.NI its name is suppurating(?) "female" 1. pack, to wrap, 4. to besiege a city, to
ibid. 9, see Labat, JA 1954 214f. surround, hem in (an enemy), to throng
Landsberger Fauna 131 f.; Labat, JA 1954 215f. around a person, 5. litmld to surround
lamsu see lamsatu.
completely, 6. litammil to throng con-
stantly, 7. II to wrap, to surround com-
la'mu (lahmu, Idmu) s.; embers; SB; cf. pletely, 8. Julmi to encircle, to walk around
la'miS. a field, house, etc., to surround a city with a
ne-e NE, de-e NE, [de.da]-alRI = la-'-[rnu] Izi I wall, a moat, to have someone circle, sur-
172; NEla-ah-mu Proto-Izi I 3; NE = la-'-mu(text round an object, a place, to arrange objects
-bu) Antagal H 27, see MSL 9 118.
la-'-mu -= ti(var. ti)-ik-me-en-nu An IX 12.
in a circle, to besiege, 9. IV to be besieged;
from OAkk. on; I ilmi - ilammi - lami,
tattapha kima kakkabe bili kima la-'-me
OA, OB ilwi - ilawwi - lawi, MA, NA
you flashed like the stars, be extinguished
ilbi - ilabbi - labi, 1/2 (inf. tilw, for stative
like embers! CT 23 10:13 (inc.); mamit kima
*tilmu see mng. 5), 1/3, II, III (uzalm/wi,
la-'-i(var. -mi) libli may the "oath" be
u.elwi, uzalbi - udalma, ualba), 111/2, IV;
extinguished like embers JNES 15 140:26,
wr. syll. and NIGIN, NIGIN (DIB RAcc. 115
var. from STT 75:13 (lipur-litanies); la-'-mi-
r. 8, 120:11, etc.); cf. lamd adj., lamt, limitu,
ku-nu li-ba-li samsu may Samas extinguish
limitu in rab limiti, limu D, limitu, mudelud,
your embers KAR 80 r. 24 (inc.), also Maqlu I 142
nalbdnu, nalbetu, gulb, talbitu, talbd.
and V 154, cf. V 116; sarbabiS usharammuu
ni-gi-in NIGfN = la-mu-u Ea I 32b; ni-gi-in
uballisu kima la-a-mi terrifyingly(?) they NIGIN = la-mu-ut Ea I 47d; ni-gin NIGIN = la-mu-ut
bring him to his end and extinguish him like A 1/2:130; ni-gin NimfN = la-mu-u ibid. 44;
embers Lambert BWL 88:286 (Theodicy); bul- [ni-g]iNIGfN, NIGIN = la-wu-i Nabnitu O 262f.;
l[a-su]n ki-ma la-'-mi to extinguish them ni-in-ni NIGIN = la-mu-[l A 1/2:110; ni-in NIGIN =
la-mu-u Ea I 31; [ni-in] NIGIN = la-mu-i, saharu,
like embers Lambert, JAOS 88 127:29.
sddu A I/2:39; ni-in NIGIN = la-mu-u Ea I 46;
For Tn.-Epic "iii" 45 see the interpretation ni-mi-en NIGIN = la-wu-i-um MSL 2 p. 127 ii 1
as lmi "encircling" suggested s.v. ajcbu (Proto-Ea), n[i-mi-en] [NIGIN] = la-wu-u-um Proto-
mng. Ic. Diri 66; nigin = sa-a-du sa la-me-e Antagal F 255;
ri-in NIGfN = la-mu-u Ea I 38a.
b
lamfi (lawd, fem. lamitu, lawitu) adj.; be- du-ub-ba DUB = la-mu-u S II 113; du-ub DUB =
la-mu-u A III/5:1; au-ubDUB = la-mu-u Antagal
sieged, fenced; OB, Nuzi; cf. lama v.
III 206; du-ub DUB = la-mu-u Idu II 41; [d]a-abDUB
matum la-wi-tum issabbat a besieged coun- = la-wu-u Nabnitu O 264; da-ab KU = la-a-wu-ui-
try will be conquered YOS 10 28:1 (OB ext.); um MSL 2 p. 151:36 (Proto-Ea); [dib] = la-ui-u
houses, wells u magrattu a la-a-mu and a Izi B vi 4; gi-i Go = [la]-mu-u CT 12 29 i 21 (text
similar to Idu); [gi-i] [oI] = la-m[u-u a ... ]
threshing floor which is fenced(?) JEN 213:9; A III/1: 174; [gi-e] GIL = la-mu-i Recip. Ea A ii
for JTVI 26 (1893) 163:18 see lamu v. mng. 21'; gi,, gi 4 .gi, = la-wu-u Nabnitu O 265f.;
b
4a-3'. [gi-e] GIo = [la-mu-t] S I 287; si = la-mu-u =
(Hitt.) an-da wa-ah-nu-mar Izi Bogh. A 186;
lamu s.; branch; lex.* [s]i-i SUM = la-mu-u Aa [ni-ti] Idu II 92; [x.x].x.
gis.gi.gil.an.na = la-mu-i, la-ru-i Hh. III si.ga = ni-tum la-wu-u Nabnitu O 272; si =
498. la-mu-u da li-me-ti Antagal III 207; ni-gu KUL ==
la-a-mu-i Izi E 245; gur = la-wu-ti Sa qu-ub-bu-ri
lamu (lawdi, labd) v.; 1. to move in a circle, to roll (in a reed mat) for burial Nabnitu O 267;
to make a round, to circle around an object, [(x)].dub = MIN (= la-wu-u) Ad TUR, [x.x].x.gur =
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lama la lamf lb
MIN Ad KIN (= 4ipri) ibid. 273f.; a-a suG = fla-mul-u son Rep. 89 r. 6f.; B ru lemnu il-ma-a Sa
mehe
ha §U.DUB(?) Ea I 62c; [ba(?)-da(?)] [BAD] = mdmid the storm, the evil wind, moved
la-mu-u A VIII/2:58; ka'rKAR = ni-i-tum a
la-me-e Antagal III 208; [x].na.zi = la-mu-u around in the sky MVAG 21 88:13 (Kedorla-
Lanu A 33. omer text); ina batba[ttika]a-la-ab-bi asahhur
[x.x].da = til4 -[wu-u], [x.x].gal.la = til 4- I turn in circles around you Langdon Tammuz
w[u-u] Ad fITII Nabnitu O 270f. pl. 2 ii 8 (NA oracles); mala sibsdte ta-[la]-bi
ni-gin NIGIN = li-tam-mu-u A 1/2:131, also,
you make the rounds once Ebeling Wagen-
with NIfiN ibid. 45 (from photograph); n[i-mi-en]
[NIGIN] = li-ta-wu-[um] Proto-Diri 70; ni-gi-in pferde B 11, also F 7 and 13, r. 13, T 1, etc. (MA),
NIGfN = li-tam-mu-i Ea I 32c and 47e. cf. lismu ... a i-l[ab-bu-u-ni] ZA 51 138:57,
gis.an.ti.bal.nigin = sa-ad-du la-mu-4 (var. la-bi-tc i-lab-bi he makes the rounds Or. NS
li-mu-tum) Hh. IV 26. 21 138 r. 4 (NA rit.); obscure: mdkisu da bell
im.dii.a zag.bi ba.ab.dabx(DUB).be : pitiqti
itati u i-lam-mi he surrounds it (the garden) with i.p[ura ... ] i-la-am-mi BE 17 27:36 (MB let.).
a mud wall Ai. IV iii 40 and ibid. 30; [uru.zu]
m ba.an.gi : [al]ka tahazu il-ta-mi Langdon, b) to circle around an object, a person, a
Gaster AV 337: If., also 3f., 30, dupl. Langdon BL region, to circumambulate - 1' an object:
28:f.; [... ka.k]de6 m.hul.mes bi.ib.gi4 .a kallutu ... 3-44 TA ergi ta-lab-bi-a the
: aa kip-pdt uruL-ti la-ma-a (your country Assur) "daughter-in-law" circumambulates the bed
which is surrounded by a circle of evil KAR
128:42, cf. [... n]a.am.hul.a nam.bi.ib.
three times ZA 45 42:5, also, with ta-lab-bi
nigin.na.a : kip-pat HUL-ti matate alka dASur ibid. 44:20, TA gugamli 3-s4 i-lab-bi-i ibid. 28
mithEri la-ma-au-ma ibid. 17 (prayer of Tn.); (NA rit.).
gis.na.da.na.kex(KID) u.me.ni.nigin.e : er:
da§u li-me-ma circumambulate his bed CT 17 2' a person: if a snake innadirma amela
21 ii 84f.; tdg.sig.gfn.a nigin : ulinna burs NIGIN becomes enraged and circles around a
runtu al-mi I have encircled (their arms) with person KAR 386:7, also 389 (p. 350) ii 15 (SB
multicolored bands AfO 14 149:188f.; gi.al
a.sa.ga ba.ab.nigin.e : kaddra i-lam-mi he
Alu); summa surdrd kisd ameli NIGIN
surrounds (the field) with a reed fence Ai. IV i 30. if a lizard wraps itself around the neck of a
Bs.uru.a.ta nam.mu.un.da.nigin.e.de man KAR 382:12; SAL.MES ina put Asgur
ina libbi ali la tal-ta-nam-mi-4S do not throng ta-la-bi-a van Driel Cult of Assur 92 vii 49.
around him inside the city CT 16 11 vi 27f., also,
wr. nam.ba.nigin.e.de : la [tal]-ta-nam-me 3' a region or locality - a' in gen.: Summa
ibid. 26:27f., and cf. CT 17 3:17; dub.sag.ta
u 4 .sakarx(SAR) dEN.zu.na dsr.bi ba.an.dib. selebiu ala il-mu-u if foxes circle a town
be.es : ina mahar nannari dSin ezziA il-ta-nam- CT 40 43 K.2259+ r. 10 (SB Alu); if a falcon
mu-u CT 16 21:148f. and 20:73f agar sarri NIGIN-a circles the place where the
NIGIN // sa-a-du NIGIN // la-mu-u Izbu Comm. king (stands) CT 39 28:6 (SB Alu); la-ma-a-ku
551; ?a-a-du // la-mu-i CT 41 30:2 (Alu Comm.,
tarbasa I (the dog) patrol the cattle pen
to Tablet XLV); ni-gin la-mu-u (citation from A
1/2:44 or 130) CT 20 9 Sm. 418:9 (SB ext.); Lambert BWL 192:21 (fable); (the gods in
GI sa-ha-ru GI la-mu-u CT 31 12 ii 21 (ext. comm.), procession come out of the temple with
[...] §i = il-mi CT 41 28 r. 31 (Alu Comm., to torches ablaze) E DIB-4 GUR.MES-nim-ma
Tablet XLII). walk around the sanctuary and return RAcc.
1. to move in a circle, to make a round, to p. 120:11; the kurgarri and the assinnu
circle around an object, a person, a region, to ultu sumeli ana imitti DIB-Si-nu-ti circumam-
circumambulate - a) to move in a circle, bulate (the images) from the left to the right
to make a round: umma qut[rinnum] aldku
ana [imittim] la-wi if the drifting smoke
RAcc. 115 r. 8, cf. E
... i-lam-ma-am-ma
LKU 51:23, also ibid. 17, cf. also mahi 3-4i
circles to the right PBS 1/2 99 ii 3, (with ana itti u i-lam-ma-' ibid. r. 29 and 30 (NB); DN sa
4umlim) ibid. iii 7 (OB smoke omens); if a TA URU ta-lab-ba-an-ni bakkissu si TA URU
star isrurma MUL.MAR.GiD.DA NIGIN flashes ta-la-bi-a (see bakkitu) ZA 51 138:67 (NA cultic
and curves past the Big Dipper ZA 52 246:52, comm.); lilissu er TA ekurrdte i-lab-bi-a
cf. bibbu isrurma .amdu NIGIN
of. ibid. 53b, (see lilissu usage a) ABL 1092 r. 14 (NA);
(with comm.) NI INn 1-g1-i n // la-mu-u Thomp- mdti tidmat lil-ma-a 3-4i let him circle the
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lami 2a lamf 2a
shores of the ocean three times CT 13 42 i 24, marti TA 15 §U.SI NIGIN-mi [the top?] of the
cf. [md]ti tiamat lu al-ma-a 3-4 ibid. 17 gall bladder encircles the "finger" from the
(Sargon legend). right CT 30 50 Sm. 823:10, and passim in similar
passages; if on the right side of the lung
b' referring to fields and house plots to be
6eru kima ubdni NIIN-ma flesh (looking)
walked round about by the muSelwi eqli, q.v.
like a finger forms a circle KAR 422 r. 29f., and
(Nuzi only): 3 LT.ME il-mu da eqli u Sunuma
passim in this text, also, wr. la-mi obv. 16f.;
SE.ME ... indinu (these) three men walked
[ii]ssu sahir idissula-me sa-ha-ru <//> la-mu-u
round the field and they also handed over
ina li.dni q[abi] ... rI sahdru GI la-mu-[u]
the barley HSS 9 100:32, and passim in such
if its base (that of the right "weapon") is
phrases, cf. anniiti da Satru Sunuma eqla il-
turned back, its base forms a circle, sahdru
[mu]-h JEN 582:35; 4 L.ME anniituil-mu-u
(means) lamd in the vocabularies, (because)
9a kiri HSS 9 19:39, a bitdti il-mu-u HSS 9
GI is sahdru, GI is (also) lam4 CT 31 12 obv.(!)
115:16; annitu sibituSa PN il-mu-u u sa
ii 20, restored from ibid. 14 K.2091: 5ff., cf. igissu
PN, il-mu-u these are the witnesses who
i-lam-mi-ma ikappilma it circles its base and
walked round (the plots of) PN and of PN, ibid. 10 r.(!) iii 7 and dupl., see
forms a coil
RA 23 151 No. 39:35f.; Sibutu anntu a
kapalu mng. Ib; if the "path" is doubled
da[tru] u Sunuma eqldte il-mu-[u] JEN 44:32,
eld u apld NIGIN-mi TCL 6 5:51, also CT 20 27
and passim; magratta annita Sibutu itamru u
K.219 ii 10, and passim; DIA Sulmu kima
il-ta-mu-4 the witnesses have seen and
ubdni NIGIN-mi TCL 6 3:15f., and passim.
walked round this threshing floor JEN
89:20, cf. eqleti sa PN il-ta-wu-su JEN 212:8, 2' in astrol.: DIS ... Sin usurta NIGIN if
wr. NIGIN.MES JEN 418:36, note: lamyi the moon is encircled by an usurtu-halo
replaced by sahdru JEN 207:26, see also Labat Calendrier § 77:1, cf. § 77':1, cf. ezib Sa
ldmid. ... Sin usurta NIGIN-u fO 11 361:21 (tamitu),
cf. also if the Pleiades are eclipsed GI.HUR
2. to encircle, to arrange decorations in a i-lam-mu-ma (that means) an usurtu-halo
circular form, to encircle an object with surrounds (them) ACh Supp. 2 IMtar 66:12;
decorations, to form a circle for magic pur- gumma gamaA tarbasala-wi-ma KUB 4 63 ii 3,
poses with sand, flour, etc., to wall a city, 5, 7, iv 8, see RA 50 14 and 20, cf. tarbasu
a precinct, to fence a garden, a house, etc., SamaA il-mu-4 Thompson Rep. 85 r. 1 (NB),
9a
to surround (in transferred mng.) - a) to also NIGIN-94 with gloss il-me-ti ibid. 141 r. 2,
encircle - 1' in ext.: umma ... martum and passim, cf. Sin tarbasa NIGTN-ma ABL
sumel ubdnim el-wi if the gall bladder en- 1109:6, and passim in astrol., also Sin ndra
circles the left part of the "finger" YOS 10 22: 4; NIGIN-mi ibid. 8; mudi ag4 Sin tarbasu il-
if there are two "gates of the palace" martum ta-mi Thompson Rep. 153 r. 1; if the moon
ubdnam el-wi-ma ressa ina biriZunu istakan AGA dTIR.AN.[NA] NIGIN is surrounded by
and the gall bladder encircles the "finger" a corona (with the colors) of the rainbow
and puts its top between them RA 27 149:41, ACh Supp. Sin 1:12; if Venus MUL.ME§
cf. ibid. 39, also martum itu umelim ana NIGIN-at ACh Supp. 2 I6tar 49:17 and 19, dupl.
imittim el-wi-ma ibid. 26, el-wi-ma ressa ... LKU 103:11 and 13.
iStakan YOS 10 44:50; summa martum
ishurma ubdnam il-ta-we-e if the gall bladder 3' in izbu: Summa izbu [Sep]u §a imitti
turns back and encircles the "finger" ibid. 31 il-mi-ma ana pani zibbatiSu supurSu ukdl if
ii 26, also, wr. il-ta-wi ibid. 35, cf. kima the right foot of the malformed animal forms
gamlim el-ta-wi ibid. 44:14; DIS ur'udum
a loop and has its claw in front of its tail
Leichty Izbu XV 1, restored from the catch line
geram la-wi if the trachea is surrounded with
of Tablet XIV.
flesh ibid. 36 iv 21, cf. Summa naplastum ...
sili la-wi-at ibid. 9:2, cf. also GIS.TUKUL 3 4' in physiogn. omens: Sdrat pwtiu adi
la-wu-u-4 ibid. 46 iv 23 (all OB ext.); [re(?)] kutallidu la-mat (if) the hair of his forehead
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lamA 2b lamfi 2d
curls down as far as the nape of his neck rounded (it) all around with basalt slabs
Kraus Texte 3b iii 25 and 4c iii 15'; drat ku AfO 18 352:63 and 65, also ibid. 75 (Tigl. I); I
talliSu ana imitti la-wi-a-at the hair on the set the decorated doors into their gateways
back of his head curls to the right ibid. 2b sikkat karri siparrial-me-si-na and arranged
r. 18ff. and 3b iii 11, 14, 17, cf. also ana imitti around them (the doorways) knobbed pegs
u Sumeli la-wu-u ibid. 2a:10; muhhau 2-ma of bronze in a (half) circle Iraq 14 33:29,
ana Sumeli la-wu-fiui if he has two crowns parallel AKA 187 r. 23, 221:20, 245 v 16 (all Asn.),
(on the top of his head) and they form a also AfO 19 141:16 (Tigl. I), Rost Tigl. III p.
circle to the left ibid. 4a:12; if his hair kima 76:32.
abusati qaqqassu NIGIN-dt (see ablsdtu and
c) to form a circle for magic purposes with
ubdndtuu §d-ka-ma
note correction) ibid. 2b r. 13 and 3b iii 5; Sa
ana kidi la-ma-a (this
means) that his toes are .... and turned
sand, flour, etc.: iddt bur bassa NIGIN-mi
you surround the sides of the reed mat with
(a ridge of) sand RAcc. 10 i 13, cf. KAR 60:5
outward ibid. 22 i 29'; (in the description of
in RAcc. p. 20; ba-si la-mu-4 (in broken con-
a woman's eyes): [... ] KI.TA IGIII-9d NIGIN-4
text) SBH p. 35:1; see also gassu usage b-2';
ibid. 25 r. 5.
ZfD.SUR.RA i-lam-mi KUB 37 61:9', [ZiD.
5' in other omens: arkassula-wi-at Or. NS SUR].RA-a NIGIN-ki 4R 58 i 48 (Lamastu), for
32 383:17 (OB flour omens). other refs. see zisurrd usages a and b; ZfD.DA
NIGIN-mi CT 38 23 K.2312+ r. 10 and dupls.
6' other occs.: they hung the corpses of (namburbi, courtesy R. Caplice); papdnu temi err
their soldiers on stakes il-mu-u sihirti dlisun sau NIGIN-u to weave papanu and surround
and put them around their towns Borger his bed RA 15 76:10 (SB med.); ulinna erda
Esarh. 104 ii 11; ais sikkure la-mu TCL 6 NIGIN-mi you surround the bed with a strip
32:33 (Esagila tablet), see Weissbach, WVDOG 59 of braided wool Maqlu IX 124, cf. ersi al-ta-
p. 54; obscure: la-mi MUSEN.MES fowler(?) me ulinna ibid. VI 125; siddi kite DIB.MES-
Lambert BWL 78:160. su-[nu-tu] they surround them (the images)
with linen curtains RAcc. 115 r. 6.
b) to arrange decorations in a circular
form, to encircle an object with decorations: d) to wall a city, a precinct: kisdm rabiam
is tt tilimdu hurasi sa DUR tikkasu NIGIN-4 ... al-wi-su-ma I surrounded (the temple)
one golden tilimdu-vessel whose neck has a with a large supporting wall (for parallels
torque around it RAcc. 76:14; [...] kaspi replacing alwi by usashir see kisi) AfO 12
ina kippat hurdsi NIGIN-mi you put a 364:18 (OB Malgium); I inspected the town
golden hoop around a silver [...] KAR 26 dirum Sulhem la-wi the wall is (indeed) sur-
r. 10; mugirri sa GaI
saddi ammiu arhbi rounded by an outer wall ARM 6 29:16;
kaspa [1]i-il-bi-u let them promptly put aldnika durani li-i-mi wall your cities (and
silver plating on the wheels of that sedan chair garrison your chariotry there) Ugaritica 5 No.
Iraq 13 108 (pl. 16) ND 421:8; SAL.dLAMMA.MES 23:23 (let. from Cyprus); alu dan dannis 4
mU i-lab-bu-ni (description of a couch) an durani la-a-be(var. -bi) the city was very
ornament representing flowing water sur- well fortified, surrounded by four walls
rounds the female genii Streck Asb. 298 iii AKA 332 ii 99, 230 r. 15, cf. dlu marsi [...]
26 and 30, see Iraq 12 40; in architectural 2 duranila-bi AKA 233 r. 23, and passim in this
descriptions: [...] IA-e-ri §a NA 4 .MES lu-ul- expression in Asn.; dura ana nalbdn lu al-bi-su
mi-Su-nu-ti (var. lu al-mi-Su-nu-ti) I sur- KAH 2 84:46 (Adn. II), see Reiner, AfO 23 91;
rounded [the doors(?) of the temple] with GN ana eiuite isbat diradual-mi AKA 325 ii 85
rosettes made of glaze(d decorative cones) (Asn.); dla epuma ana si irtelu al-mi KAH
(inscribed on such a cone) Weidner Tn. 55 2 26:4; GN ga 2 diirnila-mu-4 TCL 3 270, cf.
No. 60:11 and 56 No. 61:7 (Assur-r-isi I); ina gabadibb lkdnidunu la-mu-ma ibid. 240 (Sar.);
agurri 4a atbari ana sihirtidu al-mi I sur- musard ... sa RN ... sa ... dira eli majal
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lamO 2e lamta 4a
endte labirdte il-mu-u appalisma I discovered pack the silver in a wrapping TCL 4 31:20;
the inscription of RN who had enclosed the naruqqam u maSki iteniS li-ils-we-4-Su-nu-
cemetery of the ancient entu-priestesses with ma they should wrap the sack and the
a wall YOS 1 45 ii 5, cf. dura majdl indti ... hides at the same time VAT 9254:9 (all OA).
eMiS al-mi ibid. 16 (Nbn.); summa dlu kima
kippati la-mi CT 38 1:19 (SB Alu); note URU b) to wrap: t(bta tasdk itqa NIGIN you
... iqamm4 i-lam-mu-u KI.TU§.MEA they will pound the salt and wrap it in a wad of
burn (that) city, surround it with pits(?) wool AMT 34,1:3, ina SiG.ID NIGIN ZA 45
AnSt 5 106:133b (Cuthean Legend). 210 vi 6 (Bogh. rit.), and passim, see also itqu
mng. 2b; ina nabdsi NIGIN-mi you wrap
e) to fence a garden, a house, etc.: it in red wool (and bind it on his forehead)
[tah]iima il-bi [kudur]ra ukaddir (if) he had AMT 4,6:5; you seat the images TUG.HI.A
surrounded (a field which was not his) with TTG.GADA tal(a)-me-Si-nu-t[i] you wrap
a border, set up boundary markers KAV 2 them (the figurines) in a linen cloth BBR
vii 19 (Ass. Code B § 20); a garden [ina igd]ri No. 49 vi 8, cf. ina kite NIGIN Kocher BAM
i-lam-me-ma VAS 5 26:11, cf. igari i-lam-mu 194 viii 8, ina siG.SA5 NIGIN-mi AMT 103
YOS 6 33:11, igdri ana li[me]tu i-lamam-ma ii 17, [...] nabdsi siG ZA.GIN.NA NIGIN-mi
Camb. 192:17, cf. also [...] i-lam-mes Dar. AMT 82,2:3; SIG uniqi la petiti NIIN-mi-mi-ma
193:11; Summa eqlu pitiqta la-wi if a field is you wrap it with the hair of a virgin she-goat
surrounded with a mud wall CT 39 4:39, cf. AMT 88,2:2; ina ... sio ... ta-lam-m[e-ma]
Summa eqlu GI.SIG la-wi ibid. 6 Rm. 2,306:10, Biggs 8aziga 55 i 21 (Bogh.); turri nabasi u
also cited RA 13 28:27 and 29 (Alu Comm.); SIG.BABBAR tetemme NIGIN-mi you spin a
summa eqlu E (= ika) la-wi CT 39 6 Rm. string of red and white wool, you wrap (it in
2,306:8, cf. summa eqlu GURUN GIS.SAR la-wi it) AMT 8,1:24; SiG NIGIN ina kiSdd ameli
ibid. 11; summa bit ameli kinSa la-wi if a Sakdnu to wrap in wool, to place on the neck
man's house is surrounded by an incline of the man Kocher BAM 1 i 66; ubanka
CT 38 17:94, cf. sikkati (GIS.KAK.ME) la-wi mu5ati NIGIN you wrap the combed-out hair
is enclosed with pickets ibid. 93 (all SB Alu); around your finger AMT 43,1 ii 3, cf. [...
for i-su NIGIN-ma BRM 4 24 i 35, see Labat ta]sabbatubdnka NIGIN-mi AMT 19,5:7; uban-
Calendrier p. 67 n. 8. ka TIrG.GADA NIGIN Kuchler Beitr. pi. 11 iii 48
(coll.); uncert.: [... ] uznja amiru la-ma-a-
f) to surround (in transferred mng.): GN ni my ears are stopped(?) with wax AfO 19
la-mu-4 reSti Nippur is full of (lit. sur- 50:65 (SB lit.).
rounded by) happiness ZA 10 294 r.(!) 4, see
AfK 1 24; you save those la la-mu-si-na-a-ti 4. to besiege a city, to surround, hem in
dannu agd who are surrounded by mighty (an enemy), to throng around a person -
waves Lambert BWL 136:159, cf. salpa Sa la- a) to besiege a city - 1' in omens: nakrum
mu-u [... ] the evildoer who is surrounded alam i-la-a-wi the enemy will lay siege to the
[by ... ] ibid. 128:61; la-mu-u qablu anamitu city (the city will rebel and kill its lord)
sulukuma izkuru zikirka those surrounded in RA 38 84 r. 33, see RA 40 91, cf. nakrum dlam
battle, on the verge of death, call your name i-la-wi-i-ma YOS 10 24:8, nakrum ... alka
JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 3 r. 1, cf. haShdSa aki Sa i-la-wi-ma (and enter it through a breach)
la-mu- u qablu STT 70:4, see RA 53 132; md ibid. 3:5; dl nakrim a-la-wi-ma I will lay
mita la-mi (apod.) Dream-book 336 K.7068:6. siege to an enemy city (but I will not capture
its inhabitants) CT 6 2 case 42 (liver model);
3. to wrap up, to pack, to wrap - a) to dl la-wi-at ana libbidu terrub you will enter
wrap up, to pack: 30 T1tG i-li-wi-tim al-we the city which you are besieging RA 27 142:2,
.. . I wrapped thirty garments with a also YOS 10 46 iv 24, cf. [dl] la-wi-at ul issabf
wrapping JCS 14 7 S. 561:11; umma libbika bat ibid. v 15, dli la-wi-at nawela immar ibid.
kaspam a-la-we-e-ma if you wish I will 9:20; 2 arr nakritum ... dli Aarri i-la-wu-u
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lami 4a lamft 4a
YOS 10 36 i 30; alum Sa ana la-wi-fu tallaku al-mi AKA 80 vi 24 (Tigl. I), URU GN lu al-mi
the city to which you are marching to besiege KAH 2 84:86 (Adn. II); ana GN dl dannitiSu
it ibid. 41:74, and passim in this phrase, (with §a RN aqtirib ina gipis ummdnatija tahazija
dirSu imaqqut its wall will collapse) RA 27 sitmuri ala a-si-bi akgud I approached GN,
142:8, (with ana panika gidram inakkisa[m- the stronghold of RN, besieged (and) con-
ma] it will cut the bridge ahead of you) quered the city with my numerous troops in
YOS 10 41:41, (with inaddima ittassi) KAR a furious attack AKA 291 i 107, cf. ala a-si-
150:7; note ma-at ni-tam ta-la-a-[wu- ... ] bi ina pilgi sapite u nepege ala akgud I laid
YOS 10 45:40 (all OB); URU GIN-ta massd siege to the city, I conquered it by means of
inaS4ka the city you besiege will deliver breaches, siege towers and battering rams
up(?) (its) leader to you TCL 6 4:31, cf. ibid. AKA 379 iii 111, dla a-si-bi ina pilge ndpili
27 (SB ext.); if a wild bull is seen before the sapite ala KuR-ad AKA 361 iii 52, also ina
city gate nakru ala NIGIN-mi an enemy will mithusi tidiki ala a-si-bi aktasad AKA 313
ii 55 (all Asn.); ina sukbus arammg u qitrub
besiege the city CT 40 41 79-7-8,128:1 and 42
81-7-27,104 r. 4; if a foreign plant sprouts in a
corner of the city wall URU.BI KA.GAL-uKKR
supi mithus zuk p gpili
niksi u kalbanndte
al-me ak ud (see zuku A usage b) OIP 2
NIGIN-mi CT 38 3:47 (all SB Alu); nakru ala 33 iii 23 (Senn.); his royal city Memphis ina
NIGIN-ma ikagsad the enemy will besiege the migil ime ina pili niksi nabalkatti al-me
city and take (it) ZA 52 250:81 (astrol.); nakru akud appul aqqur Borger Esarh. 99 r. 41; [dla]
alka NIGIN-ma ina ih it amsi [...] the Sudtu ta-al-ti-me takt[agad] AfO 9 102:15
enemy will besiege your city and [attack/take (Samsi-Adad V); referring to mountain tops:
it] at the break of day CT 30 45 83-1-18,415 r. arkigu artedi ubdn gade a-si-bi I pursued him
9, cf. the frontier city of the ruler nakru ina (and) laid siege to the mountain top (where
muii ina pilsi NIGIN-ma isabbat TCL 6 1 r. 37 f.; he took refuge) WO 2 414:5, cf. KUR ubandt
ala ubat rube nakru NIaN-ma isabbat ibid. Sade a-si-bi aktagad WO 1 462 ii 7, and passim
1:33, URU.ZAG KUR NIGTN-ma tanaqqar ibid. in Shalm. III, also lu al-me 1R 30 ii 51 (gamsi-
4:12; ana URUIntu NIGIN- nrdrai-94 (the Adad V).
enemy) will send a relief force to the city
which you are besieging heavily ibid. 1 r. 55; 3' other occs.: inumi abuka PN alam GN
nakru aURNIGIN-ma ipattar the enemy will MV.9.A' il5 -wi-u when your father Inar
lift the siege of the city it is besieging ibid. besieged the city of Harsamna for nine years
r. 41; URU nitu NIGIN-ma namesu tusappah Balkan Letter 31 (OA); alam ,ati al-wi-ma
you will lay heavy siege to the city and dimtam u aibam uzissumma ina UD.7.KAM
scatter its herds ibid. r. 56, nitu mata NIGIN- alam &atiassabat I besieged that town, set
mi KAR 437:15, (with mat nakri) ibid. 16, up against it siege towers and battering rams
and passim (all SB ext.). and took that city in seven days ARM 1 131:10,
cf. alam GN sa PN la-wu-u PN issabat ARM 1
2' in hist.: the year in which GN RN il- 4:6; agsum la-wi Razamd ARM 6 65:6, cf. (same
wu- Sin-abu laid siege to Diir-8adlas town) RA 42 36 r. 7', 38:18 and 41:28 (all Mari);
Reschid Archiv des Nilramas p. 3 date *1 (OB); PN itti sdbidu ... ana GN la-wi-im ittalku
GN [a-n]a la-me-e iltaparSu KBo 1 3:48; they Laessee Shemshara Tablets 77 SH 812:20, cf.
declared nasrdnu 80 narkabdtu 8 ERIN.ME§ inanna beglu istu 3 My la-wi-ma and now his
URU.K-lam la-a-mi we are on guard, the lord has been under siege for three years (and
city is surrounded by eighty chariots and still he has not come) ibid. 59, also ana GN
eight armies KBo 1 11:26, see Giiterbock, ZA la-wi-im Studies Landsberger 193:13 (Shemshara
44 122; miita aldniunu al-mi ina ama let.); PN ... lillika URU(!) a-a-ta-a li-il-bi
napahi ... amdahis at night I surrounded ABL 222 r. 13, cf. ittalkuniURU [... ] il-ti-bi-i-a
their towns, at sunrise I joined battle ABL 1063:3, allak a-la-bi-ia ABL 311:13 (all
MAOG 6/1-2 12:27 (Broken Obelisk), cf. GN ... NA); URU lil-mu-4 ABL 1102:10 (NB); ina
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lamft 4b lamfi 7
ume§u<ma> KUR (text A§) URU la-mi-i-m[a] him with a tight stranglehold OIP 2 42 v 24
at that time the enemy was besieging the city (Senn.), cf. AdSu adi kisir arritigunitu al-me-
(and there was great famine) Pinches, JTVI Su-ma Lie Sar. 410, cf. nita il-mu-§u-nu-ti-ma
26 163:18, emended from unpub. parallels, cf. seher rabi la ippargidu ibid. 383; nitu il-me-
(Sin-sar-iskun the king of Assyria) [Nippur] Au-ma isbatu musdu Borger Esarh. 46 ii 44,
la-mi-'-ma Iraq 17 87 2N-T297:2 (both NB siege ef. nitu la-mu-A4-nu-ti Iraq 27 6 iii 25, nagi
documents); 3 ganati Uruk la-me LV.KUR Adtunu al-me aklud Winckler Sar. pl. 32 No.
for three years Uruk was under enemy siege 68:71; a'lu a DN ... al-me (see a'lu) Streck
Thompson Gilg. pl. 59 K.3200:15; umma ina Asb. 72 ix 2, 198 iii 4.
NIGIN-e Aldni danniiti Craig ABRT 1 81:16
3' in omens: nakru nitasNGIN-an-ni-ma
(tamitu), cf. ezib a ina NIIN-e dli [...]
CT 20 4 K.3671+ r. 11, cf. nakru imna u
Knudtzon Gebete 18:8; note also edil tdmdti
Jumela NIGIN-mi-ka-ma ibid. 18 Sm. 1520:7,
... qereb zardtija erumma nitiA il-ma-a the
nitu mat nakri NIGIN-mi TCL 6 3 r. 34, and
waves of the sea came up into my tent and
passim in ext.
surrounded me completely OIP 2 74:75
(Senn.). 4' other occs.: ina libbi dli esir u em'qija
b) to surround, hem in (an enemy), to la-bi-i-4 I shut (him) in the city and my
throng around a person - 1' in lit.: a ina troops keep (him) surrounded ABL 1186:11
tilpanu mahsu i-lam-mu-ka those felled by (NA); Sarnuppi gabbi ki il-mu-t-ni ABL 281
the spear(?) will throng around you (Sum. r. 18, cf. agdSi u RN ana muhhi ddkika
version: lu gis.illar ra.a nam.mu.e. il-mu-u ABL 290 r. 3; uncert.: LT.HUN.GA.
nigin.ne.es, courtesy A. Shaffer) Gilg. XII ME§ la-mu-4-in-ni u dull4 ina la LT.HUN.
19, cf. ibid. 38; a-la-wi-ki nitam ina seriki GA.MES batil there are men for hire all
I will hem you in tightly JCS 15 6 i 27 (OB around me but my work has stopped for
lit.); nita la-mu-4 napargudi la le'e hemmed lack of hired men CT 22 133:15; give them
in, they were unable to escape En. el. IV 110; their rations, or else mamma ittija ul i-la-
Igigii il-mu-4 babidka Lambert-Millard Atra- am-ma-' nobody is going to stay with me
hasis 48 I 113, cf. bitum la-wi ibid. 461 71, also CT 22 57:19 (all NB letters).
73, 80, 82; Ninurta Anza la-mi-ma RA 46 34:20 5. litmi to surround completely: see tilurw
(Epic of Zu); sarsarani ... il-ti-bu-ka Craig Nabnitu O 270f., in lex. section; Adrtu ... ana
ABRT 1 22 ii 12 (NA); la-man-ni Sutii ... la- SaSalliSa naddt itti kantappila il-ta-ma-fal
man-ni agu Maqlu III 78f., also cited IX 45. the hair falls down over her neck and loops
2' in hist.: all the countries rebelled around her stand MIO 1 72 iv 15; ana 60
against him ina GN il-mu-i-ma they sur- KAS.GiD tal-ma-at qitadu his forest was sur-
rounded him (Sargon) in Akkad King Chron. rounded at a distance of sixty double-miles
2 6:12, wr. NIGIN-u-ma ibid.34:37; GN... JNES 11 141:8, cf. ana 1 SuASi KAS.GID.TA.AM
a-si-bi qurddija al-me-iu I laid siege to GN, til-ma-at qidtum Gilg. Y. iii 16, v 14, see Lands-
I surrounded it with my soldiers (I made an berger, RA 62 113.
assault against it) 3R 8 ii 67 (Shalm. III); labbi
6. litammd to throng constantly: for
nadritti... itb[ni] il-mu-u narkabtarukib Oar
nigin = litammil in lex. texts, see A I/2:45
ritija raging lions attacked me and surround-
and 131, Ea I 32c and 47e, also Proto-Diri 70,
ed my royal chariot Streck Asb. 310:4; nitu
in lex. section; see also the bil. texts CT 16 11
al-me-Su-ma kima issuri ultu qereb adt vi 27f., 21 :148f., 20:73f., 26:27f., and CT 17 3:17,
abdrduma I hemmed him in completely and
in lex. section.
caught him in his mountain region like a bird
Borger Esarh. 50 iii 30; qereb agamm iiriduma 7. II to wrap, to surround completely:
... nitu al-me-i-ma napSatuS usiqa they tuppam ina qanue la-wi-a-ma damqi ana
went down into the swamps, but I surrounded mera ummeanim kenim piqdama wrap the
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lamd 8a lamfi 8f
tablet in a reed (mat?) and entrust it luti u4-e-el-wu-4 (for muselwuz?) 4a eqli u
carefully to a reliable businessman HUCA ndinnfu a immere HSS 9 101:43.
39 33 L 29-574:33 (OA); andk1 ana bitim ina
c) to surround a city with a wall, a moat:
erebija panija 4-la-wa-a-ma attatial should I,
kdri agurri ... dir GN tu-a-al-ma-am I put
when I come home, wind something around
an embankment made of kiln-fired bricks
my face and go to bed? TCL 17 56:21 (OB
around the wall of Babylon VAB 4 72 i 34,
let.); [zisur]ra NIGIN-ki (== almiki) tummdti
and passim in Nbk., kdr hiritisu ... a-ba-am
lu-um-ma-ti I have surrounded you with
a magic flour circle, be (therefore) conjured,
... ala u-ja-al-am ibid. 106 i 63, etc.; note me
be surrounded completely! 4R 58 i 48 (Lamas-

rabeilti ... i4-a-al-mi-is I surrounded it
(Babylon) with deep water ibid. 92 ii 13, also
tu).
134 vi 43, and cf. me rabdti ... us-ta-al-mi
8. Sulmi to encircle, to walk around a ibid. 166 B vi 73 and parallel Sumer 3 11 ii 4 (all
field, house, etc., to surround a city with a Nbk.); musarekuzbi itatisu tu-al-me I sur-
wall, a moat, to have someone circle, surrounded (the city) with luxurious vegetable
round an object, a place, to arrange objects gardens on (all) sides OIP 2 137:36 (Senn.).
in a circle, to besiege - a) to encircle:
summa alu tupqinnaSu kalbe ut-Sal-ma if a d) to have someone circle, surround an
corner of a city makes dogs run in circles object, a place: TA ersi Sa marsi 4-sal-ba-a
CT 38 2:40, cf. (with saharu) ibid. 39 (SB Alu); he has (another exorcist) go around the bed
isdtu la tdbtu la de'iqtu lu-sal-bu-ku-nu they of the patient ABL 24 r. 8, cf. TA gugamli
should surround you with an evil, ungodly [3-J] u4-sal-bu-ni ZA 45 44:31 (both NA); the
fire Wiseman Treaties 621; kima iimim melems lord spread out the saparru-netzu-al-me(var.
mau adi us-ta-al-wi(!) RA 35 21:42, see RA -mi)-i and had her surrounded En. el. IV
46 92:80" (OB Epic of Zu); he stationed his 95, cf. ipusma saparrasul-mu-t qerbis Tidmat
commanders with their troops (in the for- ibid. 41; li-Sal-mu-4-s4 (in broken context)
tress) itti dirisu danni mundahsi 4-sal-mi BA 5 628 No. 4 iv 6.
and had (his) warriors man its strong wall e) to arrange objects in a circle: sikkat
TCL 3 301 (Sar.); qarradeja kima nabli hiri: karri kaspi u eri qerebin i4-al-me I put
sasu u-sal-bi I surrounded his moat with my ornamental knobs of silver and copper
warriors as if by flames KAH 2 84:66 (Adn. around the inside of them (the chambers)
II), see AfO 23 91. OIP 2 107 vi 41 and dupls. (Senn.); nebehu ...
sa surri uqni usepiSma i4-al-ma-a killiS
b) to walk around a field, house, etc.
(see kililis) Borger Esarh. 62 vi 25, cf. u-sal-
(Nuzi only): [alik]ma eqla saSu du-ul-wi-[mi]
ma-a sihir[tau] AfO 3 2:6 (Sar.), cf. also
go and walk around that field JEN 365:36;
deposition of PN, he declared in the presence
kilili uqni resasa u4-a-al-mu VAB 4 118 ii 46
(Nbk.) and dupls.; I hung their bodies on
of the witnesses: 2 ANSE eqla annd ina sepeja
stakes sihirti ali i4-al-me and surrounded
u-Se-el-wu-mi "I myself have walked around
the entire town (with them) OIP 2 26 i 60
this field of two homers (and have given it
(Senn.), also Streck Asb. 82 ix 124 and 208:25, cf.
to Tehiptilla as his share, and have received
battubatte §a asite ina ziqipe ui-al-bi AKA
as my 'gift' two talents of copper)" JEN
285 i 91 (Asn.).
23:14, cf. Sunuma kird i-Se-el-mu-u JEN
42:31, ann'tu gabbaSunuma eqlbte 4-se-el- f) to besiege: ana GN iterbu u GN ul-te-el-
wu-i HSS 13 380:34, u-ul-te-el-wu-u JEN mi-Su they entered GN and I laid siege to GN
38:31, uS-te-el-wi HSS 13 350:14, and passim; KBo 1 1:42 and dupl. 2:24, also 2:17 (treaty);
annitu sunu amilti u-dal-mi-nu (for muSels nakru alka ina simitan ina sul-wi-[i isabbat(?)]
wd?) da eqli nadindnu sa kaspi these are the the enemy will take(?) your city by besieging
men who walked around the field (and) it in an evening (attack) (parallel: ina si-mi
handed over the silver JEN 9:33, cf. 3 ames through thirst) CT 30 45 83-1-18,415 r. 7 (SB
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lamf 9 lamutanu
ext.); GN u-,a-al-wi MDP 6 pl. 5:19 (early OB should get a one-shekel rate of interest from
Elam). the kdrum ITI.I.KAM baltamma karam a-lu-
um-ma umma anaku for a whole(?) month I
9. IV to be besieged: idtu GN il-la-wu-u
put pressure on the karum, saying BIN 4
since Larsa was besieged TCL 7 69:10 (OB let.),
33:44.
cf. URU nitum NIGIN-mi TCL 6 1 r. 54 (SB
ext.); obscure: andku u PN ni-li-wi-ma ana b) 11/3: Sunu ina Alim aliki [ul]-ta-na-mu
kdrim ... nillik PN and I .... -ed and in the City they (the creditors) will put con-
went to the kdrum BIN 4 83:38 (OA). tinuous pressure on the caravans Kienast
Ad mng. lb-3'b' and 8b: Koschaker NRUA p. ATHE 36:13.
67f. lamutanu (la'utnu,lamitu, l4tdnu) s.; (a
type of slave, male or female); NB.
lamu see la'mu.
a) belonging to a temple: (letter to the
lamui (lemi, labiu) adj.; walking round Satammu of Eanna) ana muhhi LA la-mu-ta-
(a field), surrounding; MB, Nuzi, NA, NB; nu sa beli ispuru concerning the 1.-slaves
labiu in NA; cf. lami v. about whom my lord wrote to me BIN 1 15:5,
cf. 4 LU la-mu-ta-nu babbdnitu abbakamma
a) (person) walking round a field or ana belija asappara I will get four good
garden (Nuzi only): IaI PN la-mu kiri AASOR
1.-slaves together and report to my lord
16 18:15, anndtu Sibutu la-mu-4 eqli JEN
ibid. 19; ana muhhi LU la-mu-ta-[ni] beli
ba
401:33, 3 L.MES la-mu-u eqli JEN 439:14,
iSpuru concerning the 1.-slaves about whom
JENu 597:30, 1052:8, and passim, anndtu l[a]-
my lord wrote (nobody is available, they all
mu-du a GN JEN 16:28; note annutu LU.ME§
went to do harvest work) CT 22 213:22; Lt
le-mu- AASOR 16 18:26.
la-mu-ta-nu arddnika a [akan]naka the
b) surrounding: fdurul la-bi-4 kajamanu 1.-men, the slaves who are with you (give
,a Esagila ABL 119 r. 9; GIS.SAR SIM.LI la- them hoes to do digging work) TCL 9 118:6;
me-e E dGu-la the juniper park surrounding x dates which are destined for the erreSu-
the temple, the Gula temple CT 49 150:23, also tenants who dig the canal, x dates sa ana
BRM 1 99:27 (Sel.); la-mu-i-a-a those who PN u PN, LI la-mu-ta-nu (which the governor
surround me (cf. it-tu-u-a-a line 15) JCS 6 who is in charge of the canal has paid out and
144:13 (MB let.); note also la-bi-ti ilabbi he PN 3 has received) YOS 6 246:6; suddi[ra]
makes the round Or. NS 21 138 r. 4 (NA rit.), harrdna ana sepe a LP la-mu-tum suk(u)na
a figura etymologica with possibly the be sure to dispatch the 1.-slaves BIN 1 33:36,
participle labitu. cf. harrdna ana sepe a LV la-mu-ta-nu Sukun
(to bring wool) CT 22 214:22; ki LU la-mu-
*lamu (ludmu) v.; to put pressure on some- ta-ni-ia sipati ultu biti ittasunu harrdna ana
body, to admonish; OA; I iliim - iluam, SepeSunu Sukun as soon as my 1.-slaves have
11/3. taken the wool from the house, send them on
a) ludmu: you sent me and PN, and PN 3 YOS 3 193:26; julum ina biti u LU la-mu-ta-
the twenty minas of silver of PN which you nu everything is fine with the household and
have a claim on, in order that he make the the 1.-slaves YOS 3 160:14, cf. bitu u LU
purchase in our father's house kala harranim la-mu-ta-nu CT 22 139:21; 4 LU x x x x 10
a-lu-a-am-su-ma umma andkuma kaspam ana L la-mu-ta-nu naphar 14 LU.ERiN.ME §a 1
bit abini gsribma nishatim lu niddin I have SiLA.AM four .... , ten 1.-slaves, in all, 14
admonished him during the entire journey, workers who (receive as rations) one sila
saying, "Take the silver into our father's (per day) UCP 9 88 No. 20:9; 1 GIN ana sa-
house so that we can pay the nisdtu-tax la-mu .4 la-mu-ta-nu VAS 6 311:6; barley
(there)" TCL 19 53:9; from the day on which given ana NINDA.JI.A Sa [LPL] la-mu-ta-nu Aa
we deposited the silver (on your account) you ina pan PN for food for the 1.-slaves who are
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lamutanu lanu
at the disposal of PN (from irbu-income) PN TPN 2 U TPN 3 la-ta-ni-ka abbakamma
GCCI 1 85:2; two shekels of silver from the ibid. 12;note the gift of a woman: PN PN 2
allotment (pappasu)of the weaver's prebend mdrau PN3 LU la-u-ta-fni-1t Nbn. 1098:5;
ana PN u PN2 Lt la-mu-ta-nu Sa PN, (were iPN PN, marau LV la-mu-ta-nu a PN3 YOS
given) to PN and PN,, the 1.-slaves of PN3 6 220:7; given as pledges: PN LV qalladu
Nbn. 302:4; exceptional: list of six goldsmiths [rPN1 u PN la-ta-ni-M4 Nbk. 72:8, also
Sa ana [... ] ill[iku ... ]-nu 2 LV la-mu-ta-ni- PN u rPN2 LV la-ta-ni-.u AJSL 27 221 No.
su-nu (end of text) BE 8 11:14. 20:4; PN U PN, L1 la-mu-ta-nu Camb. 195:7;
(in broken context) LV la-mu-ta-nu ABL
b) in private contexts - 1' in gen.:
960 r. 1 (NB).
mukinne <Sa> ina paniunu «<a>> LV la-mu-
The word is used both as a collective
ta-nu Sa PN ana PN, izzizma PN, ina qSdteunu
denoting slaves of a special kind and to refer
ikimu witnesses in whose presence the 1.-slave
to male and female slaves. The 1.-slave could
of PN took his stand before PN2 and PN, took
belong to individuals as well as to institutions.
away (object not mentioned) from (both of)
He is carefully differentiated from the qallu-
them VAS 6 52:2; a debt of x barley be-
(and qallatu-)slaves who do not do the menial
longing to PN ina muhhi PN, u PN3 Lf la-
work (digging canals, harvest work, trans-
mu-ta-nu Sa zakzakku owed by PN2 and PN3,
porting wool, etc.) performed by the 1.-slaves.
the .-slaves of the zakzakku-official VAS 3
In certain instances the latter act for their
35:4; (complaint of the rab bili in the
masters as do the qallu- and ardu-slaves.
assembly): PN u PN, LP la-mu-ta-nu 9a PN,
For a suggested etymology, see Albright, RA
(have beaten me and taken sheep and goats
16 184, Archaeology and the Religion of Israel, p.
belonging to Istar of Uruk by force) YOS
204 n. 42; von Soden, Or. NS 35 14.
7 189:5, cf. PN, PN u PN 2 L1 la-mu-ta-ni-M
ana Uruk ibbakamma ibid. 11; fPN u la-mu- **lamitnfitu (AHw. 534a) read muban.
ta-nu itti ka-a-ti-ka CT 22 110:6; receipt of nutu, q.v.
barley by PN and PN, LV la-mu-ta-nu a PN3 lamuttu see lemuttu.
ina na4parti a PN3 the 1.-slaves of PN 3, upon
written order of PN3 Dar. 362:6; ana muhhi lamlatu see lamutnu.
SAL la-ta-nu isten iSpura YOS 3 22:16; add lanihu see dnihu in la dnihu.
SAL la-ta-a-nu ina Sulmu ana GN [i]tela now
Lanlubi see Lallubid.
the 1.-woman has safely gone up to Babylon
UET 4 179:4. lanu s.; body, figure, appearance, stature
2' sold or given as pledges for debts: (a (of persons), self, person, body, size, shape,
woman sells to another woman) TPN u rpN2 configuration (of objects); from OB on;
Ltla-ta-ni-S4 Nbk. 368:3; a woman and her wr. syll. and ALAM.
6.gar s = la-a-nu-um, me-lu-u, da-am-tu, pa-da-
two sons sell IPN u PN, DUMU.SAL-~4 SAL la-
at-tu, ga-at-tum, e-mu-qu Diri V 278ff.; 6.garg =
ta-ni- i-nu YOS 6 73:6; a man sells IPN u la-a-nu Igituh I 392; [J]in-garGARs = a-ba-ru,
tPN2 LU.SAL la-ta-ni-Su 5R 67 No. 2:42; a man la-a-nu Lu Excerpt II 221f.; 6.gar, = la-[a-nu],
and his mother sell rPN u PN2 lam-mu-ta-nu i-[ga-ru] Lanu I 2f.; A.mar = 6.gar, = la-a-nu,
Nbk. 207:2; a man sells [PN] u PN2 DAM-~ u ga-at-tum Emesal Voc. III 93f.; 6.garg.sukud.
da = la-a-nu e-lu-u Nabnitu L 157.
DUMU.SAL-Ai LU la-mu-[ta-nu] Evetts Ner. 1:3;
alan = la-a-nu, ?al-mu Igituh I 393f.; alan =
a man sells PN u PN2 LU la-mu-ta-nu Moldenke la-[a-nu] Lanu I 1, also CT 18 41 iv 16 (Lanu A
2 53:1; two men with Persian names sell fKa- colophon); alan(!).Hj = [la]-a-nu-ti-um Proto-
t
ar-da-ra- Pa-ti-za-' la-ta-ni-i-nu Camb. Diri 474; gi = la-[al-[nu] CT 12 29 iii 33 (text
384:7; 'PN TPN 2 TPN, mrtiu naphar 3 similar to Idu).
dNin.urta nita im.il.il.la alam.bi hil.la
amiluttu la-ta-ni-ia dini the women PN, PN, :dMIN zikaru mutleUtl S}aana la-ni-s hadi Ninurta,
(and) her daughter PN,, in all, three women, the young and exalted man who rejoices in his
are 1.-slaves of mine JRAS 1926 107:5, cf. stature Lugale I 31; alam.zu h6.em.ta.ba.ba
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lanu lanu
: la-an-ka linnadir let your stature be diminished at my form ibid. 59; all the evil of my body
Lugale X 8; zalag dEN+ZU.na.kex(KID) alam. (uzU.ME§.Mu) I have shed on you mimma
bi al -b mi.ni.fb.sh.sui : .arfr Sin na-mi-ri
ALAM-4 iutallih he covered her figure with the
lemnu a la-ni-MU ana muh[hika aSh]utu all
splendor of the moonlight TCL 6 51 r. 31f., see the evil on my person I have shed on you
RA 11 157:41; alam.kh : la-num el-lum (beside KAR 64 r. 2 and dupls. KAR 221:16, STT 64:16,
zimu and bunnann) Sjoberg Mondgott 104:9; etc.; may they make food disappear from
alam.bi uru .am : la-an-4d a-bu-bu-um-ma
your mouth kuzippu ina la-ni-ku-nu gar-
CT 17 25:9f.
un ma.da igi.kar.kar.ra.ab 6.gar 8 .bi ments from your body (and oil for your
sukud.da : ibtarrd niSZ mati la-an-4t eld 4R anointing) Borger Esarh. 109 iv 16; ina nemeqi
20 No. 1:15f. + AJSL 35 139 K.1904-10-9,96:10f., usib la-ni-is-ki I have added in (my) wisdom
see bard A lex. section. (heroism and strength) to your body VAS 10
gat-tum = la-a-nu Malku IV 210; gat-ti, pa-da-
= la-a-nu 214 r. vi 33 (OB Agusaja); kima napSati aqarti
at-td = la-a-nu LTBA 2 2: 306 f.; i-ma-4u
Izbu Comm. 495; uk-lul-tt // la-a-nu Lambert arammu ba-na-a la-an-Su-un I love their
BWL p. 54 i (Ludlul III). (the gods') beautiful forms as (I do) my
own precious life VAB 4 134 vii 31 (Nbk.), cf.
a) body, figure, appearance of human ibid. 114 i 52; arammu eld la-an-ka ibid. 140
beings and deities: may Sin cover with ix 53; heat and frost iltanappata band la-
leprosy gimir la-ni-Ju his (the man's) entire a-ni have disfigured my beautiful form
body BBSt. No. 7 ii 17 (MB kudurru); just as ZA 24 169:14; Situr la-a-an-[Su] En. el. I 99;
these wax figurines burn in the fire ki hanne namrirrila-ni-Su panuii alku the brightness
la-an-ku-nu ina dGId.BAR liqmi exactly in of his (Nabu)'s body goes in front of him
this manner should they burn your body in KAR 104:10; DN Sa kiam la-an-ka MIO
fire Wiseman Treaties 610; la-a-ni sarri lisiru 1249:12 and 13 (OB lit.); conjuration (be-
let them draw the figure of the king ABL ginning with): Saruh la-a-[ni] impressive in
151:8 (NA); la-an-ka sa abnini ittanahharanni figure PBS 1/1 13 r. 45, cf. Maqlu IX 84, cf.
ana itussi ina E.MAS.MAS you yourself whom also Ningirsu Sarhi eld la-a-nu elli namru mar
I (Nabu) have created keep imploring me to Anim Or. NS 36 118:33, Surbdku la-a-nu
stay in the temple Emasmas (parallel: ibid. 63; sarbatula-an-S his body is a poplar
simtaka sa abndni tattanahharanni) Craig tree KAR 307:10, cf. GII§.§R.MAN la-an-
ABRT 1 5:15, cf. amattah reka i-jat-tah la- [Su] LKA 72 r. 10 (symbolic representations of
an-ka I will lift your head, I will make you gods); Enlil is my head MUL.KAK.SI.SA la-a-ni
prosper (in Emasmas) ibid. 12, see Streck Asb. Sirius is my body Maqlu VII 50, also cited IX
344; may her magic turn back and ina 143; if a woman gives birth aih la-an-s4
muhhida u la-ni-sa lilliku attack her own and its (the child's) shape is strange Leichty
head and her own body Maqlu III 126, also Izbu I 82, cf. ti-ig-ri-AN Sa ahi la-an-S4 ibid.
ibid. 74, AfO 18 293:57, UET 6 410 r. 6, see Gur- 81; the face of DN is coated with gold
ney, Iraq 22 224, cf. my fever anamu[hhiiu] u la-a-nu x [... ] hurdsa la ahhuzu (oath) ABL
la-ni-hu adpuk epetija ana muhhidu u la-ni-u4i 476:14 (NA); laatub libbi la tib Seri iktapap
lilliku KAR 228 r. 6f., also Laessee Bit Rimki la-a-ni (see kapapu mng. la) Streck Asb. 252
39:41, 43, also ana muhhiki u la-ni-ki lillikma r. 8, cf. imhas etla iktapap la-an-Si AfO 17
andku lublut Maqlu VII 82, also ana pui 358 D 11; [... is]hup la-a-ni AfO 19 50 i 48.
gereja u la-ni-ia anaddinmuniti Kocher BAM
234:34; salmdni mu.-[.u-lat] pa-ni-ia u la- b) with ref. to height and size - 1' in
ni-ia tepugam you have made figurines to gen.: anami Gilgame maSil padattam la-nam
resemble my face and body Maqlu IV 42; apil ese[mta] puggul he, they say, is like
I have drawn your picture la-an-ki (var. la- Gilgame4 in figure, (though) short(er) in
mas-sa-ki) abni (var. attul) ... gattaki uSarrih height he is strong of body Gilg. P. v 16, cf.
Maqlu VII 68; the witch .a epuSu salmi ittulu ana Gilgcmed ki malil la-a-n[u] JNES 11
la-a-ni who made a figurine of me, who looked 140:4 (Gilg.); a la-na u kiSdda kurima Kraus
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lHnu lapani
Texte 12a i 21', cf. ALAM GIT GUD 4.DA ibid. 17:2; lanu see kardn Ilni.
la-a-na ki raqqi Sehaku ul ammaSalma as to
lanuqanu s.; (a precious object); MB.*
figure I am as tall as a turtle, I cannot be
equaled TuL p. 14:15, cf. la-a-nu i-i-hu girrdtum murudl u la-nu-qa-nu xi.GI
JNES 11 140:5 (Gilg.), la-a-ni ehu bunni Sumer 9 34ff. No. 25 iv 20; ina mujhi la-nu-
na[mriti] Bauer Asb. 2 76 K.2668:4; la-na qa-ni ibid. iv 13, and passim in this text (inv.
zaqru ibutu igaris they wrecked my tall body from Duir-Kurigalzu), see Gurney, Sumer 9 28.
as they would a wall Lambert BWL 42:68; lapan see lapani.
minddt la-ni-MU umandidu they (the sor-
cerers) have taken the measurements of my lapani (lapan) prep.; from, before, on
body (for magic purposes) AfO 18 291:21. account of, by, in front of; SB, NA, NB, LB;
often wr. la-IGI; cf. la prep., pani.
2' with numerical indications: [x] ina
ammate la-an-su KAR 319:5 (SB Gilg.); for a) from (corresponding to istu pan, ina
indications of height used to identify slaves, pan) - 1' expressing administrative pro-
in MB, Nuzi, and NA texts, see ammatu A cedures referring to the withdrawal or con-
mng. 2g, cf. [...] la-an-s4 BE 14 1:2 (MB),
veyance of documents, goods, animals, etc.,
3 ru-tu la-an-Sa Iraq 16 34 ND 2082, ADD from the sphere of responsibility of one
312:4. official to that of another (NB only): elat x
kaspi a PN la-IGI bile qadtidu issir apart
c) body, size, shape, configuration (of from the eight minas of silver which PN will
objects): cedars Sa ... magal ikbiruma iSghu collect from the (other) owners of the bow
la-a-nu which had grown very thick and to fief BE 9 82:21; whenever the creditor so
great height Borger Esarh. 61 v 76, also Streck desires kaspa a' x MA.NA ... la-IaG PN lips
Asb. 170 r. 45, see Bauer Asb. 33 n. 3; day and pattir said silver in the amount of x minas
night snow is piled upon it (the mountain) will be withdrawn(?) from PN (the debtor)
gimir la-a-ni-su [...] its entire face [is...] ZA 3 153 No. 13:11; see also abaku, pardsu,
TCL 3 101, see AfO 12 145; (parts of a niknaq: nasi, izil sub elit, naddnu.
qu-censer) 25 MA.NA 52 GIN laspu Suqultu
la-a-nu (beside 96 shekels, the weight of the 2' expressing a movement away from a
eli, and 209 shekels, the weight of the kusi person, actions against a person's intent,
biritu) Nbn.10:1, cf. kusiri 9a ana la-a-nu fear of a person: garriitu Sa la-pa-ni [...]
Nbn. 119:10; addi la-an-si(for -9a) Sdsi esirsi (I restored) the kingship that [was taken]
I designed the body for it (the ark), I drew it from [our lineage] VAB 3 21 § 14:24 (Dar.);
all Gilg. XI 59; with numerical indications: see also abdtu B, addru, aldku, eberu, erebu,
Sa Sin 12 su.si la-an-s4 Sin ina ITI 9-i4 a la- eteru, halaqu, kald, letu (with nadi), marqitu
an-ni-si NIM u isappil the size of the moon (with ahdzu), na'butu, nakdru, napargudu,
is twelve fingers, in a month the moon goes nasdru, nehgsu, nest, paldhu, pasdmu, requ,
up or down one ninth of its size JCS 21 gahdtu, Sardqu, (ana pasiri) sakdnu, iizubu
201: 11f. (LB astron.), salme sunutu 7 §u.sI la- sub ezebu; note a ultu la-pa-an kakklja
an-e-nu RAce. 133:201, salam bini Sa 1 KiT ippardidu Borger Esarh. 57 iii 41.
la-an-si KAR 298:33, also AAA 22 60 r. ii 6, 68 3' in a temporal nuance: Bel and Nabfi
ii 33; [salma teppuS] 1 KTS la-an-si KAR know well ki la-pa-ni ana pa-ni belija ana
227 i 24, see also TCL 3 240, cited gabadibb4 muhhi 5 ME uttati ana zri Sakndka that
usage a. since I have been (assigned) to my lord, I
The passages gi-ir la(?)-ni-iu Sa awelim have been responsible for more than 500
imtt YOS 10 41:68 and Sa UG la-a-nu ABL (measures) of barley for seed YOS 3 8:34
1078 r. 1 are obscure and unlikely to be con- (NB).
nected with lanu.. 4' in a modal nuance: la-pa-an helgqu on
For ABL 565 r. 11, see laSSu v. account of (the possibility of) an escape ABL
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lapani lapanu
292:12 (NB); urhi pasqiti sa la-pa-an Jade mutisu mahri tu-li-du Hebraica 3 15:5 (to
marsuti qerebsun manamma la pan niri illiku Nbn. 380); la-ImI Samas in front of the sun
sarru pani mahrija narrow paths among Neugebauer ACT No. 200 r. ii 22.
which no king before me ventured (with his)
c) before a relative clause: la-pa-ni sa
expedition on account of the difficult moun-
issaparuni before he had sent word ABL
tain terrain OIP 2 72:43 (Senn.); the great gods
685:23 (NA), cf. la-pa-an sa e-re-bi [...] la
made me stay in hiding la-pa-anepset lemutti
sebd ABL 1185:9 (NB); for a possible use as a
on account of (such) evil deeds Borger Esarh.
conj. see ABL 1131:7, cited Dietrich, AOAT
42 i 38; la-pa-ni-si-nu ana libbi ekalli ul errub
1 94.
on account of them I cannot enter the palace
ABL 1374 r. 6 (NB); they do immediately s'a lapanu v.; 1. to become poor, 2. II to
la-pa-ni-iaattia iqqabbassunu (see attu usage impoverish; OA, OB, Bogh., SB; I ilappin
b-2'f') VAB 3 13 § 8:9 and 89 § 3:10 (Dar. Nb); (note *ilpun ZA 43 86 i 6), II; wr. syll. and
GN gabbi marti la-pa-ni-sc isatti all of GN UKU; cf. lapnu, lupnu, luppunu.
is drinking gall on account of him ABL 516 1. to become poor - a) in OA: summa
r. 15.
PN i-ld-pi-in PN2 ana simim iddi4u if PN
5' in ref. to the witnessing of a transaction: (the foster father) becomes poor, he may sell
kaspu la-IGI PN nadin the silver was handed PN2 (the adopted child) TCL 1 240:19; PN
over before PN BE 10 86:9, also 117:20, and 'PN ehuz bitum ~a kalilliBunuma i-la-pi-nu
Nbn. 279:3. i i-sa-ru-u ana barzsunuma PN married rPN,,
the house belongs to both of them (jointly),
6' in ref. to silver, staples, persons at the whether they become poor or rich, it is their
disposal of a person: 3 MA.NA kaspu la-pa-ni common (loss or gain) unpub. OA, Istanbul
mdridu sa PN 5 MA.NA kaspu la-pa-ni PN2 Museum.
CT 22 174: 9f., cf. mimma gabbi ... ina temi b) in lit.: tami DN u DN, epqam imalla
sa sarri la-pa-ni mare GN [...] everything i-la-pi-in u aplam ula erassi he who swears
[was placed] at the disposal of the inhabitants (falsely) by DN and DN2 will be covered with
of Babylon upon royal order BHT pl. 18 r. 18 leprosy, will become poor and have no son
(chron.); ultu UD.7.KAM Sa MN NINDA.HI.A and heir UET 6 402:38 (OB), see Gadd, Iraq 25
la-IGI PN ... PN2 marsu ikkalu from the 179; illaku uruh dumqi la muste'ii ili il-tap-ni
seventh of MN the sick PN, has been con- itensu mustemiq sa i[lti] those who neglect
suming the food rations assigned to PN the god tread the path of prosperity, but
Nbk. 190:2; iron ina qdt PN sa la-mI PN2 u those who pray to the goddess become poor
PN, in the possession of PN who is assigned to and weak Lambert BWL 74:71 (Theodicy), cf.
PN2 and PN 3 Nbn. 571:31, also Moldenke 25:21, merd u la-pa-nu (in broken context) ibid.
and note PN LJ la-IGI PN 2 BE 8 145:17. 80:198; whoever plots treason against the
b) to (corresponding to ana pan): (on the king umma kabtu ina kakki idddk summa
LU.NiG.TUK UKU-in if he is an important
xth day of the month MN) PN la-IGI sarri
iterbi PN entered into the presence of the person he will be killed in war, if he is a rich
king VAS 6 202:14, cf. mar siprija ... [la-
man he will become poor LKA 31 r. 10.
pa]-an sarri belija la illika ABL 893 r. 14, cf. c) in omens: sard i-la-ap-pi-in the rich
also ABL 1335 r. 35; UD.16.KAM sa la-IGI-ka will become poor (contrast: la-ap-nu isarra
allikku CT 22 43:8, cf. aspur la-pa-an PN the poor will become rich line 4) KUB 37 168
NAM-cka ABL 1380:19 (all NB); note also PN r. 6, cf. lap-nu iSarriNiG.TUK UKP Thompson
is my oldest son la-pa-ni PN2 ... alidu la- Rep. 200:6, NiG.TUK.ME§ UKU.ME UKI .MES
pa-ni mamma dandmma ul a-li-du (see alddu NiG.TUK.MES JCS 18 13 ii 15 (SB prophecies),
mng. la-4') AnOr 8 47:15f. and dupl. TCL 13 also summa NiG.TUK UKU-in Summa muskenu
138, cf. the son of my wife sa la-pa-ni PN idarru KAR 389b r. i 5, cf. also CT 38 32:14,
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lapapu lapatu
33:12, 36:61, Gard i-lap-pi-in Dream-book 308 b) in med.: (various medications) ina
i 9; amelu l4kiam idarru kam UKU-in BRM 4 itqi ta-lap-pap ana guburriu tabakkan you
23:18; amelu d UKU bitu isehhir that man wrap in a wad of wool, place it in his anus
KAR 377 r. 33, cf. bitu 9

will become poor, that house will decrease
i-lap-pi-in ibid.
obv. 31, UKUP biti poverty for the house
Kocher BAM 96 ii 8, cf. AMT 14,3:15;
temmi ... tdl-pap you spin a string (of wool
and goat hair), wrap (various plants) in it
turru te:
CT 39 27:21; alu 2 dibuu UKU.ME the CT 23 8 ii 41, of. ibid. 5 i 6; Sio.HI~.ME.DA SA AB

inhabitants of that town will become poor tdl-pap
RI.RI.GA tetemmi AN.BAR NA 4 .AD.BAR
CT 38 2:36 (all SB Alu); amelu 9i i-lap-pi-in you spin red wool (and) tendons of a dead
Labat Calendrier § 41': 33; amelu .s idammiq // cow, you wrap (it around) iron and basalt
UKU that man will become prosperous, (for a charm) Kocher BAM 237 i 31; ina
variant: will become poor CT 28 29:10 (SB tabarri ina birisunu tdl-pap you wind (these
physiogn.), cf. KAR 472 i 4; Sa libbiga UKU seven medications) in red wool between them
the child she carries will be poor Labat TDP (i.e., each pair of stones strung on a charm)
202:36, cf. ibid. 204:37; UKU-in bissu uzazzaqc AMT 47,3 iii 24, cf. BE 31 60 i 8, cf. also ibid. ii 9,
lu he will become poor, his family will do r. i 21, AMT 88,1:4, wr. ta-ld-pap Kocher
him harm BRM 4 22 r. 20; bel biti gudti uKU- BAM 237 i 39, ina tabarri ina birit kisri u
in the owner of that house will become poor abne tdl-pap ibid. 8, (in difficult context) ibid.
CT 40 18:85, wr. i-lap-pi-in CT 38 15:45; 240:44; ina arat [...] ta-la-ap-pa-ap you
Sarru i-lap-pi-in makkrgu ussi the king will wrap (it) in [goat] hair KUB 37 55 iv 40; for
become poor, his property will be spent refs. with lippu, see lippu.
CT 40 12:17 (SB Alu), cf. arru imdt ekalla.du
c) luppup: see lex. section; uncert.:
UKI the king will die, his palace will become suhatti LUGAL z-la-[pa-ap(?)] CT 22 247:38
impoverished Labat Calendrier § 66:6; x §UB :
(NB).
KUR i-lap-pi-in 2R 47:4 (comm.), KUR.BI
UK-in Leichty Izbu III 44f., cf. UKU(!)-in lapasu see labasu.
(var. la-pan NA) CT 38 14:28, i-lap-pi-in
lapatu (labatu) v.; 1. to touch lightly, to
Dream-book 336 K.9812 iv 14, i-lap-pi-in touch in a symbolic act, to touch, cover a
Kraus Texte 3b iii 57, and passim, wr. UKU-in quadrant of the moon, to come (accidentally)
LBAT 1600:12. in contact, to put hands on with evil inten-
tions, to commit a sacrilege, to apply water
d) other occs.: summa lu-ul-pu-un-mi or fire, to smear on, to paint a surface, to
[...] if (he says) "I want to become poor" write down, record, to fashion an object, to
(opposite: lurumi i 5) ZA 43 86 i 6 (Sitten- give a work assignment, to affect, attack,
kanon); uncert.: i-si-ip-nu (in broken (in the stative) to be bad, evil-portending,
context) ABL 503 r. 3 and 5 (NA). abnormal, anomalous (said of ominous fea-
2. II to impoverish: Sarpanitu mu-lap- tures), to hurt, bother, to strike, attack,
pi-ndt LU.NIG.TUK mu a rdt LU.UKU DN defeat, to strike a chord, 2. litputu to
who impoverishes the rich, enriches the moisten with oil and other liquids, to write
poor RAcc. 135:259. down, to smear oneself, to bother(?) (reflexive
In Maqlu VIII 39 read la tehela (la TE-9d); to mng. 1), 3. 1/3 to touch, affect, hurt re-
for BoSt 8 36:4 see sapanu. peatedly, 4. lupputu to touch, to smear, to
write, to play a stringed instrument, to
lapapu v.; to coil, to twist, to wrap; Bogh., strike, (in the stative) to be anomalous (said
MB, SB; I ilappap, II; cf. lippu. of ominous features), to make unclean, to
tu-lap-pap 5R 45 K.253 v 5. obscure, to rub, to scratch, to scatter, to
a) in gen.: ina puAikki sikkati lilis siparri sprinkle, to tarry, to be delayed, 5. Julputu
tal-pap you wrap the drumsticks of the to make touch, to overthrow, defeat, to
bronze kettledrum with wool RAcc. 22 r. 10. destroy, to desecrate, defile, to sprinkle, 6.
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lapatu lapstu
Sutalputu to be defeated, overthrown, to be mer.kur.ra.kex(ID) ba.ra.bi.in.tag : uz-zi
sd-di-i la tal-pu-tu-ma did you not strike back the
desecrated, defiled (passive to mng. 5), 7.
wrath of the mountain? Lugale V 30; nam.tar
sutalputu to allow to be touched, 8. nalputu u1 hlul.gal tag.ga.zu : namtaru Aa amela
to be touched, to be sprinkled, to be written lemniA tal-pu-tu4 you, namtaru-demon, who have
down, recorded, to become affected; from affected the man in an evil way CT 16 32:158;
OAkk. on; I ilput - ilappat - lapit, 1/2 gig.gin mi.ni.in.tag : padu il-pu-tu-ka they
have touched you with the ax 4R Add. p. 3 to
iltapit - iltappit, 1/3, II, 11/2, III, III/2, IV, pi. 18* No. 3 r. iii 11, cf. gis.gin u.me.ni.tag :
IV/2; wr. syll. (with b in NA, note tu-la-ba- ina pau lil-pu-ut-ma BIN 2 22:154f.; gi 4 .in.bi
da-am Kraus AbB 1 84:26) and TAG.(GA) (in u.um.tag.ga : am-ta a-la-ap-pat-ma I will
mngs. 3 and 4 also TAG.TAG, TAG.(GA).ME§, touch the girl ASKT p. 129:31 f.; the teeth of the
threshing sledge esir ha.ra.ab.tag (var. ha.ra.
note TAG II AMT 84,5:7) and (in mngs. 5-7)
ab.tag.tag) : it-ti-am lu la-pi-it should be set
HUL; cf. laptu adj., pt, lititt u, lipt, liptu A, in bitumen Farmer's Instructions 97, Akk. from
liptu A in sa lipti, lupputu, mulappitu, nalf CBS 1354 iv 8 (courtesy M. Civil); nig nu.tag.ga
pattu, nalpatu, Sulputtu, Sulputu adj., talpittu. Au
mu.un.[...] : a la il-pu-ti qati [...] 4R 19
No. 2:61f., cf. 4R 26 No. 7:33f.; dr pa.bi izi
ta-ag TAG = la-pa-tum Sb I 78, also Ea V 57; u.tag : ap-pi iA-di i-Ad-ti al-pu-ut STT 176:10'f.,
tag = la-b[a-tu], tag.tag = MIN VAT 10275:2f.; cf. CT 16 45:145f., also il-da i-4d-a-td al-pu-ut-ma
ta-ag TAG = la-pa-tum sA ka-la-ma, MIN sa GIs. K.8977:7 (courtesy W. G. Lambert); su.zu su
NfG.PA A V/1:233f.; tag = la-pa-t[u], bul = MIN na.ab.tag : ina qdtika la ta-lap-pat-su do not
Ad i-ni[m] Antagal E b 27f.; ta-agTAG = la-pa-tu, touch him with your hand CT 16 11 iii 11f.;
RUAu-ub.ba = MIN sd ESIR, igi.hul = MIN Aa
tag = [la-pa-tu], kud.da =
IGIII dNammu u16 u.ku.ga.na igi.ld.ba.ka
d
tag.ga.ni.ta : MIN ina qtiSa elleti in ameli ina
Au.
Antagal G 54ff.;
[MIN d na-ka-si], igi.bul = [MIN Ad IGI] Antagal la-ba-ti-Ad when the goddess DN touches the eye
VIII 123ff., and note ta-ag TAG = la-ba-tu(text -su) of the man with her holy hand AMT 11,1:28f.;
Idu II 348. [SAL] uh.ri.a su mi.ni.in.tag : 8inniStu Sa
sag.tag.ga = la-pa-tu Kagal B 306; su.tag. ruh qass8u il-ta-pat he has touched a woman who
t[ag] = [MIN (= lapatu)], su.dug4 .g[a] = [MIN], was unclean CT 17 41:15f., cf. 16 su.ni(var. .na)
kud.da = [MIN Ad na-ka-si], igi.dug.[al = [MIN si.nu.sA.a su mu.ni.in.tag : Sa zumurSu la
sd i-ni], igi.hul = [MIN Ad MIN] Nabnitu Gi ii 95ff.; iaru il-[ta-patl CT 17 38:20f.; u16 u.tag.ga.mu
su.dug4 .dug 4 = la-pa-tu Erimhus V 217; su. h .en.silim.ma.ab : amelu a-lap-pa-tu liglim
dug 4 .ga = la-pa(var. -ba)-tum Erimhus VI 87. may the man I touch get well CT 16 7:278f.;
gi.(pisan>.esir.sub.ba = Ad it-ta-a l[ap-tu] [gurus u]r.dam.ta [hi.li] su nu.tag.ga :
(basket) coated with bitumen Hh. IX Gap B b 5; etlu 4a ina siit abbatiSu ku-zu-ub la il-pu-tu JTVI
[zid.a].tag.ga = qi-me me-e lap-tu4 flour 26 153 i 18, cf. hi.li su nu.tag.ga : ku-uz-
affected by water, [zid.a].nu.tag.ga = MIN MIN ba la il-pu-ti Bab. 4 pl. 4 C iv 15f.; zi.bi
la MIN Hh. XXIII v 15f.; [zid.uh].tag.ga dug4 .ga bi.in.d6 : na-pi-ta-.4i il-pu-ut iqqima
MIN kal-ma-tum MIN flour affected by vermin he touched its (the sacrificial sheep's) throat, he
ibid. 17; gis.gisimmar.uh.tag.ga = Ad kal-mat performed the sacrifice BIN 2 22:198; ba.ni.ib.
lap-tu4 Hh. III 305, cf. gis.gisimmar.u 4 .hi. ra : il-pu-ut-ma Lugale V 16.
in.uh.tag.ga = Ad kal-ma-tdt lap-tu ibid. 343; zib.mu i.tag.tag.ge : fit-ta-tu-u-a 4-la-pa-ta-
udu.[sa.ad].gal.tag.ga = MIN (= immeru) MIN ni-in-ni (see ittu A lex. section and mng. lc-3')
(= rapadu) lap-tu sheep affected by the rapadu- OBGT XII r. 18f.; su.bi i.me.ni.tag.tag :
disease Hh. XIII 62; izi.tag.ga ku, = MIN zumur u lu-up-pi-it-ma CT 16 37:32f.; 16.
(= nu~nu) [4a idata laptu] roasted fish Hh. XVIII ux(GI§GAL).lu dumu.dingir.ra.na mu.un.
129. tag.tag : amelu mar iliAu lu-up-pit-ma CT 17
hu-ul HUL = la(!)-pa-tu Sd IGI Diri II 143; 23 iii 176f.; dr.pa.bi izi ui.bi.tag : appiuidi
UDu-Z-arNI = la-pa-tu (in group with Seru and i4atu lu-u[p-pit]-ma CT 17 18: 10f.
kasdtu) Erimhus VI 168; gi-i GI = [la]-pa-tum g U.
h ul.a.na : isit P a Bul-pu-tit the crying
CT 12 29 i 19 (text similar to Idu), also A III/1: 174; over the temple which has been desecrated SBH
gi = la-ba-[tu], gi.gi = na-sa-hu VAT 10275:4f.; p. 113:16f., cf. urU.hul.a.na : alu a Aul-pu-tu
gaz = la-ba-[tu], gaz = naa-[hu] ibid. 6f.; ibid. 18f.; urA.ul.a.kex : Sa ali Sa Sul-pu-tu
gu-umLUM = la-ba-[tu], LUM.LUxM = na-8a-[hu] ibid. 93:lf.; ur.zu a.gur 4 .gur 4 im.me.hul.
ibid. 8f. a.zu : Ad Unu-ka emfiqan pug(gu>ltu 6-al-pi-it
rsul.l.la = [lu-up-pu-tu], bu[l], pi.il.li, a great might has overthrown your town ibid.
il.hul.h[ul] = [u-ul-pu-tu] Nabnitu G1 ii 104ff.; 23:21f.; un ddr.ddr.ru.na.6 hbul.hul.a.zu :
su.bul.di = u-ul-pu-rtum] Nigga Bil. B 202; nizi adbati tu-gal-pi-it (var. tu~gahir) you have
[gu-ulouL] = [u]l-pu-tu S8 Voc. AA 39'. ruined the settled peoples ibid. 77:16f.; zag.mes
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lapatu la lapatu lb
he.em.ma.an.hul.a : mu-sal-pit eSreti CT 16 courtesy A. Shaffer;adi ummaka tallakamma
3:80f.; urfi 6 kir.ra u.hul.dug 4 .ga.mu ta-lap-pat-katalaqqeka until your (the child's)
alu u bitu Aa ana qit nakri lemniS immalu (var. 4-
Sal-pi-tu) SBH p. 60 r. If., var. from PSBA 17 mother comes, touches you and picks you up
64 K.41 i If. Craig ABRT 2 8 iv 5 (SB inc.); adi wardum u
abzu pi.el.la.se an.si.ul4.dB.en.de.en : amtum la namru ina ubdni la ta-la-pa-at as
ana apsi ul-pu-tim i nurrihsu (see arahu A lex. long as the slaves are not in good condition,
section) BM 54745:67 f. (courtesy W. G. Lambert),
do not touch (them) even with a finger Kraus
cf. E DN pi.el.l a.e : i DN Aa Sul-pu-tu SBH
p. 65:17. AbB 1 No. 139 r. 9, also 13' (OB let.); la ella la
e.kii.ga su.hul ab.ba.dug 4 : bitu ellu u4- i-la-pat he must not touch an unclean person
tdl-pit BRM 4 9:22; na.am.6.an.na hul.a.ni : Kocher BAM 194 viii 7, also AMT 92,1 i 15; ikkib
asum bi-tim si a us-tal-pit ibid. 12; sig 4 .bi DN qdteka la tal-pat it is an abomination for
ni.ba im.hul.hul.e : libittaSu ina ramaniSu
us-ta-tal-pit its brick has become destroyed Enlil, do not touch (it) with your hands STT
SBH p. 55 r. 11, note (in broken context) ba.bul. 38:106, see AnSt 6 152 (Poor Man of Nippur);
la.mu : [u]s-tdl-pi-tu4 SBH p. 100:13f. kizzu NU TAG (the conjurer) does not touch
u 4 .da na 4 .u ub.tag (later version: u 4 .da the goat BBR No. 26 i 25; see also JTVI 26,
kalam.ma na 4 .a ub.tah) : uima ina mdti abnu
Bab. 4, in lex. section.
il-la-pat Lugale X 18.
GI Sa-la-mu GI la-pa-tum sI Ad-la-mu sI la-pa-tum
TCL 6 5 r. 39f., cf. Ad-la-mu la-pa-tum ina lisani b) to touch (a person, an animal, an
qabi ibid. 41, also ibid. 30 and 32; ta-ra-ku la-pa- object) in a symbolic act - 1' parts of the
tumr CT 31 44 obv.(!) i 13 (both ext.); SAR // Aur- body: il-pu-ut puitnima (Enlil) touched our
ru-u Ad la-pa-ti AB.SiN il-lap-pat-ma (see mng. 8a)
ACh Istar 25:3; [kib]-8u A TAG-ma : ki-bi-is me-e foreheads Gilg. XI 192, cf. SAG.KI-A& TAG-ma
ta-lap-pat-ma CT 41 34:2 (Alu Comm., to Tablet AMT 95,2:7; qaqqad assinni TAG-ut ajabigu
CIII). ikasad let him touch the head of an assinnu
and he will defeat his enemies CT 4 6:14, see
1. to touch lightly, to touch in a symbolic KB 6/2 p. 46; tuldsa TAG-ma pasir he touches
act, to touch, cover a quadrant of the moon, her breast (that of the prostitute whom he
to come (accidentally) in contact, to put has encountered) and is released (from the
hands on with evil intentions, to commit a evil consequence of the chance meeting)
sacrilege, to apply water or fire, to smear on, AfO 18 76 Tablet Funck 3:26; napidti marsi
to paint a surface, to write down, record, to ina GIR bini TAG-at you touch the throat of
fashion an object, to give a work assignment, the patient with a knife of tamarisk wood
to affect, attack, (in the stative) to be bad, (and cut the throat of the kid with a bronze
evil-portending, abnormal, anomalous (said knife) LKA 79:8 and dupl., see TuL p. 67; PN
of ominous features), to hurt, bother, to 9a niA Slim uzndtini il-pu-ut (end of text)
strike, attack, defeat, to strike a chord - TCL 21 267:20, also BIN 4 107:14 (OA); in med.:
a) to touch (a person, an animal, an object) with your left thumb 14-i qinnassu TAG-at
lightly: il-pu-ut (var. a-la-pa-te) libbaSuma 14-i qaqqassu TAG-at u qaqqara TAG-at you
ul inakku[d] he felt for his heart, it did not touch his rectum 14 times, you touch his
beat Gilg. VIII ii 16, var. from JCS 8 93 r. 12; forehead 14 times and then you touch the
lu-pu-us-su-ma liggelta amelu touch the man ground Kiichler Beitr. pl. 1 i 16; KA-Ai TAG-a[t]
so that he wakes up Gilg. XI 206, cf. il-pu-us- (against sibit pi) Kocher BAM 28 r. 13; 7-4i
su-ma iggeltd ibid. 218, also tal-tap-tan-ni-ma enima TAG-U (= taltaptuAu) ramandu
TAG-SU
taddekanni ibid. 221, al-pu-ut-ka 228; Ea il- upel you touch him seven times, when you
pu-us-[su]-m[a] EA 356:14; ul tal-pu-tanan-ni have touched him he will change his identity
ammini addku if you did not touch me, why TuL p. 55 K.2001 r. 15 (SB); adi napitim la(!)-
am I frightened? Gilg. Viii 11; qdtka litesams pa-a-tim libbum la iqqippu not until (the oath
ma lu-pu-ut hurdatni (see fburdatu) Gilg. VI 69; is taken by) touching the throat would any-
[su.mu i]u bf.in.tag.ga : [zu-u]m-ri body be believed Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 iv 18 (OB let.);
Aa tal-pu-tu-ma Gilg. XII 95, Sum. version ilika furdamma napit lu-ul-pu-ut send your
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gods, so that I can take the oath ARMT 13 touched (only) Amurru ABL 629:17 (NA), see
147:7, cf. ibid. 27; agsum napiti[gu (or -ka)] Landsberger Brief n. 67; GN itti GN2 la-pi-it
la-pa-tim awl GN ispuram the ruler of Thompson Rep. 274F r. 5, also [... ] la la-pi-it
Eshnunna has sent word here about taking ibid. 249 r. 2.
the oath ARM 1 37:20, cf. aSSum napitaka
d) to come (accidentally) in contact (with
ana PN ta-al-pu-tu ARM 2 62:9'; ina UD.25.
a person, an animal, an object): la ellu niqe
KAM napigtagu ul il-pu-ut ARM 2 77:11, and
TAG one who is unclean has touched the
passim in this text, note ana ill ... napitaka
sacrificial sheep KAR 423 i 11; when I passed
lu-pu-ut r. 8'; see also BIN 2 22:198, cited
through the street tami lu TAG-an-ni a cursed
in lex. section, and mng. 4a; tami qaqqad
person touched me JNES 15 142:41', cf.
ilisunu la-ap-tu they have sworn, they have
mdmit tamd amela la-pa-tu "oath" (incurred
touched the head of their god MDP 24 337 r.
by) touching somebody while under a curse
12, and passim in this phrase in Elam; kima ...
Surpu III 128, also ("oath" incurred by
suktiu la-pa-tim instead of touching his chin
slaughtering a sheep) nikissu la-pa-ti and
(parallel: tapptUiti alakim) CT 29 23:16 (OB
touching the cut (see also mng. 5a) ibid. 35,
let.); for abbutta lapatu see abbuttu mng.
also rikissa la-pa-tu (NA var. la-ba-a-tu)
lb-3'.
ibid. 61; if a woman in her sickness bites her
2' sacrificial animals: asnima al-pu-ut hands: qdtd lu'dti TAG-9i "unclean hands"
pu[hdda] I had a second extispicy made (lit. have touched her Labat TDP 214:16; KI.S.
touched the lamb) VAB 4 238 ii 45 (Nbn.), cf. GA-ka il-pu-ut AMT 32,2:4.
UDU.SILA 4 .MES elluti al-pu-ut BA 5 693:6
e) to put hands on (a person, an object)
(Sar.); [7 ana pa]n 7 UDU.SILA4 al-p[u-u]t
with evil intentions: awilu sarrutum i-il5 -ta-
AnSt 5 102:73 and 104:109, cf. UDU.SILA4 ana
dp-tu-ni criminals have got hold of me
muhisunu rall-pu-[ut] ibid. 126 (Cuthean
Chantre 15:7 (OA); [a]-wi-lum kima naditim
Legend); possibly in the mng. to sacrifice:
il-ta-pa-si-i-ma TCL 18 136:11; §a la-pu-(ut)-
one sheep sa pitti PN la-ap-tu KAJ 230:7
tu-u mamman la i-la-pa-tu-u 1 aGIN kaspum
and 12 (MA).
terhassa on condition that no one can lay a
3' objects: you enter the house of the hand on her (the woman given to an unnamed
brewer [kannam] ful namzitam TAG-at and husband), her bride price (was established)
touch the stand and the mixing vat LKA at one shekel of silver VAS 9 192: 5ff., also ibid.
111 r. 7', also Or. NS 36 23:9, 24:3', and pas- 12ff.; bafitum sa PN la elq la al-pu-tu (oath)
sim in namburbis; ina pdJi hurdsi gasari CT 29 42:15; .itirti tuppija mamman la i-la-
kaspi [bi]nu TAG-at you touch a tamarisk ap-pa-at nobody is to tamper with the
with a golden ax and a silver saw (and cut it wording of my tablet TCL 18 106:11; aAum
down with a qulmi-ax) AAA 22 44 ii 16, and tibnika la-pa-tim u ana .imim naddnim as to
see 4R Add., BIN 2 22:154f., in lex. section; interfering with your straw and selling it TIM
imitti alpi ... imna u gumela ga abri i-lap-pat 2 158 r. 4' (all OB); Dagan belka usallilamma
he touches the right and the left side of the mamman ul il-pu-ta-an-ni your lord Dagan
pyre with the shoulder of the bull RAce. 120 protected me and so no one touched me ARM
r. 8; note KI ta-lap-pat Dream-book 343 10 100:8, see Moran, Biblica 50 54; [mdmit]
79-7-8,77 r. 16'. rd'izi ina nari LU la-ba-a-tu Surpu III 51;
[att]a ta-al-pu-ut makkur urgule Lambert BWL
c) to touch, cover a quadrant of the moon 194:22 (fable); i-lap-pat (var. u-lap-pat) libbu
(said of the shadow of an eclipse): the eclipse (var. libbi) Sa hard[ti] she (Lamastu) touches
(of the sun that took place in Nisannu) the bellies of the women in labor 4R 58 iii 33,
qaqqaru §a KUR Subartu la il-pu-ut did not vars. from PBS 1/2 113 iii 18; note in transferred
touch the area of Assyria ABL 1391: 18, attalil mngs.: eninnama tal-pu-us-su-ma illak urha
anniu .. . ana GN il-ta-pat this eclipse has riqata now you (Samas) have instigated(?)
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him and he wants to travel on a far journey 4 12:6f., also ina la-pa-ti Kocher BAM 248 iii
Gilg. III ii 11; miSSum ekallam ta-al-pu-ta-ma 30; abunnassu TAG-at ... abunnat sinniSti
rabisam ana bitija tardiam why did you stir TAG-at you smear (the salve) on his navel
up the palace and send the rdbisu-official to and on the navel of the woman Biggs gaziga
my house? MVAG 33 No. 252:6, cf. nude ta-al- 23:15ff.; nakkapteSu qabal muhiS u u [...]
pu-tu4 TuM 1 19c:12, al-pu-si-ma Kienast TAG-ma indh AMT 104 iii 37, Sapldn sepidu
ATHE 33:20' (all OA); alpi u kullizi ... la TAG-at AMT 88,2:12; kima x i.GIS ana piSsa:
tumassima qdtka la ta-la-ap-pa-at do not tiu ta-[lal-pa-tu (I will send you the oil) so
dispose(?) of the oxen and the drivers, do not that you can prepare(?) x oil as his ointment
interfere (with them) Sumer 14 14 No. 1:11; ration Boyer Contribution 106:35 (OB let.);
kima ina anim ahum a am i-la-pa-tu Sipirti with the salve sise mala bad TAG.MES-at
PN iSpuram he sent me the message of PN you smear all the horses KAR 91 r. 14; tdbat
(saying) that one person bothers(?) another amani U.KUR.RA ta-la-pat (see amanu A)
in .... JCS 14 55:31; ana alpim PN u PN2 Biggs gaziga 55 i 29, also, wr. TAG.GA-si ibid.
la-ap-tu-ni-a-ti PN and PN, keep bothering(?) 25, td-lap-pa-at ibid. 60 KUB 37 80:12; gassa
us on account of the ox TIM 2 78:49 (all OB). ittd bcbdni TAG-ma you paint the doors with
gypsum and bitumen LKA 111 r. 10 (namburbi);
f) to commit a sacrilege (OB Elam only): send me scented oil ana la-pa-a-ti Ja GIg same
kidin DN il-pu-ut imat he has committed a for rubbing on the (wooden) baldachin YOS 3
sacrilege against the sacred laws of Ingusinak, 89:19 (NB let.), ana la-pa-ti sa AN-e Nbn.
he must die MDP 24 337 r. 11, and passim in 283:5, cf. also perfumed oil [ana] la-pa-a-ta
this formula. ,a daldti ibid. 2; x oil ana lap-turn 4 GI.IG.
g) to apply water or fire: the field in GN MES UCP 9 70 No. 59:2 (coll. B. Landsberger),
mala me la-ap-tu as much as has been cf. ana lap-turn muqattiru Camb. 366:2, cf.
irrigated VAS 16 114:20, cf. mala ersu u me also Nbn. 329:2 (all NB); dalati Sa papahi gabbi
la-ap-tu as much as has been planted and saman ereni TAG RAcc. 140:350; kupra u ittd
irrigated ibid. 24; aSSum eqliSu me la-pa-tim Subila [nil-il-pu-ut YOS 3 161:13; 8 Tf.[II.A]
Fish Letters 15:12; miriS PN me lu-pu-ut anndti idteni4 tahasal ina himeti tal-pat ina
irrigate the plantation of PN CT 29 18b:9, cf. KU§ SUR you crush together these eight
me li-il-pu-tu TCL 18 85:22, TLB 4 43:28 (all medicinal items, smear (them) with ghee,
OB letters); me i-lap-pat BBR No. 60 r. 43; spread it on leather (and use as a poultice)
note Saptija me lu-pu-ut touch my lips with Kiichler Beitr. pl. 12 iv 36; (the compress) dam
water (idiom for "to be kind, gracious") ereni TAG-at AMT 103 ii 17, also AMT 47,3 iii 25,
PBS 7 6:11 (OB); §a isdtu la-pit-u-ni arru la and passim in this phrase, see also lippu; note:
ekkal the king must not eat what was pre- istu muiu me-se-li ... adi same la-pa-ti from
pared on a fire ABL 553 r. 3 (NA), cf. mimma midnight till dawn (lit. until the coloring
Sa isdtu TAG ul (var. NU) Ki 4R 32 ii 41, and of the sky) BE 17 47:9, cf. [in]a dam la-pa-ti
passim in hemer. ibid. 14 (MB let.), and see u 4 .zal = la-pa-tu
Erimhus VI 168, in lex. section.
h) to smear on, to paint a surface: Summa
martum damam la-ap-ta-at if the gall bladder i) to write down, record - 1' in OA:
is smeared with blood YOS 10 31 xii 11, cf. x silver, the shares of PN and of PN, ina
Sapassa damam la-pi-it ibid. iv 4, and passim tuppim labirim la-ap-ti are recorded on the
in this text (OB ext.); you mix blood with old tablet TCL 21 184:6; tuppi 1 GU URUDU
cypress oil aIS.NA TAG you smear the bed ,a midlam nemalam akkuluni midlam ibissde
(with it and the evil will depart) CT 4 5:8; azzazzu tal-pu-ut you have written on my
il-pu-ut Saman puri plssa he smeared "pot"- tablet concerning one talent of copper that
oil on her forehead (that of the woman in I will enjoy half of any profit and be respon-
labor) Kocher BAM 248 iii 26 and 28, dupl. KUB sible for half of any losses TCL 20 110:20;
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kima Sabbudkuni miSdum ittuppika la ta-al- u ina wasiki DUB.BA-ki ana DN lu-up-ti
pu-tdm why did you not write on your when you enter and leave (the temple?),
tablet that I have been fully paid? CCT 2 address(?) your letter(?) to DN ARM 10
3:13; tuppika 3 lu nutabbima tuppam 1 da 141:25.
naruqqika lu ni-il-pu-ut let us cancel your 4' in MB Elam: a duma Sa RN ipedSitma
three tablets and write one tablet concerning unu i-la-ap-pa-tu4 who erases the name of
your naruqqu-venture KTS 34a:6; ume ina RN and writes his own name (in its place)
tuppikunu lu-up-ta-nim write down the MDP 11 pl. 3 No. 2:5.
terms in your tablet CCT 5 5a:25; tuppam
iSten himtatim lu-pu-ut-ma JCS 14 2 S. j) to fashion an object: Sammi a seri ...
559:12; 3 sdbam ana Sibitim iStija tal-ta- a Sinni li-il-pu-tu4 u lisrupuma they should
ap-tdm you have written down (the names fashion wild flowers of ivory, they should dye
of) three men as witnesses for me RA 60 123 (them) (and bring them along) EA 11 r. 10;
MP 1:24; ina tuppiSu MN imSima il5 -pu- Summa labirutu j nu eSSiti li-il-fpul-tu-4-ma
ut by mistake he wrote the (name of the) if there are no old ones, let them fashion new
month MN in his tablet KTS 44b: 23; x silver ones ibid. r. 7, also r. 2f. (MB royal let.), see
sa ina naspirtim ld-dp-ti which was written also liptu A mng. 1.
down in the order ICK 1 101:11, cf. tahsistam
k) to give a work assignment (Mari, OB):
al-pu-ut-ma TCL 20 90:10; ina 3 awdtim sa
sdbam sa ah Purattim al-pu-ut-ma I gave an
naruaim ld-dp-ta-ni according to the three
assignment to the men (who are) on the bank
"words" which are written on the stela
of the Euphrates ARM 10 178:13, cf. 40
MVAG 35/3 No. 325:35; istu ... abuni la-dp-
sdbam ina GN u GN 2 al-pu-ut-ma ARM 6 5:10,
ti-ni x KU.BABBAR andku la-dp-ta-ku-ni since
cf. also sdbam da kima la-pa-tim ... lu-pu-ut-
our father is entered (on the ledger) (for x
ma ARM 1 36:39ff., also ARM 6 64:4, and pas-
silver), and I myself am entered for x silver
sim with sabu; LT.ME§ ebbi liSam al-pu-ut-ma
BIN 4 158:13 and 15; mala Id-dp-ta-ti-ni atta
I assigned trustworthy persons in every city
leqe take as much as you are entered for
ARM 3 19:14; I was afraid of my lord asum
TCL 20 90:11; Bumi Id-pi-it my name has kiam awilam Setu ul al-pu-ut for this reason
been entered ICK 2 287:9, cf. Sa ... Sumka
I did not give an assignment to that man
ld-cp-ti CCT 5 11d:8, and passim with sumu;
ARM 3 36:22; ERIN.MES sa PN Sa mahrika
note KIIB PN ana PN, panu riksi la-dp-ti the
tadtakkana mimma la ta-la-ap-pa-at do not
front of the package is marked: "seal of PN
give a work assignment to any of the men of
(destined) for PN," RA 59 155 MAH 16208:11,
PN whom you have placed at your own
cf. ibid. 8.
disposal TCL 17 45:10, cf. ina sabim Sa qdtika
2' in OA royal: sa mimma lipt-ja sa tups sdbam lu-pu-ut-ma assign men from the men
pam la-ap(!)-ti-ma uassa[ku] he who at your disposal (so that they can bring the
destroys any of my works which are written goddesses safely to their shrines) LIH 45:10,
on (this) tablet AOB 1 14 No. 7:47 (Irisum). (the official) 10 sdbam ina hatiSu i-la-ap-
pa-at-ma ... itarrad RA 62 21:25', dlik idiki
3' in OB: adi Sinisu ta-la-pa-at you write al-pu-futl-ma attarassuniti YOS 2 75:5 (all
down twice TMB 9:6, and passim, also lu-pu-
OB letters).
ut Sumer 6 133:20, 135:3, Sumer 7 30:7, and
passim in math.; 1 7-bi-tim sa la-ap-tu-ma 1) to affect, attack an object, a person, a
half of the one seventh which has been written part of the body (said of vermin, diseases,
down MCT p. 71 J 27; uncert.: Simima mala demons, ominous signs) - 1' said of vermin:
innaddinu sulliam [l]u-up-ta-am-ma ~ibilam uttutum ... kalmatam 1d dp-ta-at the wheat
listen (to what is being said), and please write is affected by vermin CCT 2 30:30; subdti ...
down how much (rations) are given and send sassam ld-dp-t-4 the garments are affected
(the tablet) to me TLB 4 50:13; ina erebiki by moths Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappado-
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ciennes 14:39 (both OA); naSpakdtim butzitum (OB let.); GISKIM-~ la i-lap-pa-[x] its
i-la-pa-at the buStitu-vermin will infest the portent does nct affect [us(?)] Thompson Rep.
storehouses YOS 10 35 r. 28, dupl. RA 38 88 r. 251 r. 2, cf. it-turn ul ta-lap-pat ibid. 108:6,
2 (OB ext.); see also Hh. XXIII v 17, Hh. III also ana HUL ul i-la-pat ibid. 95:4 and 230:4,
305, 343, in lex. section. mimma ul i-lap-pat ibid. 215:6, cf. also
hanniu i-la-pat ABL 519 r. 14; tarbasu sa
2' said of diseases and demons: 'PN li-pi-tu
MUL.AB.SIN ana zunni u mili ina kussi i-lap-
annitu il-ta-pa-as-[sil as to t PN, this disease
pat a halo around the constellation Virgo
has actually attacked her BE 17 31:6 (MB
(portends) rain and flood, it is bad in winter
let.); kima sili'su il-tap-tu-si as soon as the
ibid. 230 r. 1, cf. GISKIM- ~ la-ap-ta-atadannis
bladder-disease has attacked him Kocher
ABL 1134 r. 1 (NA).
BAM 111 ii 8 and 29, cf. mimma mala TAG-s4
TAG.ME§-ma (= taltanappator tulappat) inah
m) (in the stative) to be bad, evil-
you apply (the ointment) wherever it hurts
portending, abnormal, anomalous (said of
him and he will have relief AMT 102:6; if at
ominous features): teretum mddis la-ap-ta
the beginning of his disease ultu TAG-si adi
the exta are very anomalous ARM 2 39:64,
ikl from the moment it has attacked him
and passim in Mari, see ZA 59 213 and n. 999;
until it ends (he is sometimes hot, sometimes
terta tepusma ... TAG-at CT 20 47 iii 49 (SB
cold) Labat TDP 156:4; ana la TAG-si kisri
ext.); sdi gabbiSama TAG-at all this is anoma-
annuti tapattarma Sanitimma takassar you
lous PRT 122 r. 12, and passim, always wr. TAG-
untie these knots and tie others to prevent
at in PRT; Salimtu u la salimtu TAG-at CT 30
(the disease) from attacking him (again)
22 K.6268 i 17; SILIM.MES TAG.MES TAG.MES
KAR 56 r. 9; GUD.HI.A UDU.HI.A U ] Sa PN
Salmu mimma ul la-pi-it the cattle, sheep
SILIM.MES the normal (signs) are bad, the
anomalous (signs) good KAR 151:30 and
and goats and the family of PN are well, none
see laptu adj.; if your extispicy is favorable
is diseased ARM 3 71:26; in diagnoses: ina
but there is one ambiguous sign tapaqqissi
reS muSi TAG-it he (the patient) has been
Ja iqbi tertaka salimti TAG-dt you repeat it
affected at the beginning of the night Labat
(the extispicy), (because) as they say: your
TDP 76:53, cf. ina seri TAG-it ibid. 78:79
favorable extispicy becomes bad (through
and 30:106; rdbisu imhassu TA TAG-ma ittiSu
only one ambiguous sign) TCL 6 5 r. 29;
rakis the rabisu-demon has stricken him,
SIG5 .MES U HIUL.MES Sutdbulatma TAG-dt it is
ever since it affected him it has remained
balanced as to good- and ill-portending
with him (the patient) ibid. 158:12, cf. miqit
(signs), therefore it is bad CT 20 48 iv 32;
Same TAG-SU something that fell from heaven
5 TAG.MES ina libbi SIG5 .MES-U jdnu TAG-at
has affected him ibid. 234:25; kima minu il-
(for translat. see laptu adj. mng. 2) PRT
ta-pat-su as soon as something (referring to
105:20 (all SB ext.); exceptionally said of a
the demons ald lemnu and AN.TA.SUB.BA)
dream: Buttam attul ki la-<ap>-ta-at ... ki
has attacked him ABL 24:11 (NA); uncert.:
dalhat Sumer 13 91 pl. 12:3, see von Soden, ZA
TAG.TAG-ma TAG-SU ibissa [immar] CT 38 31 r.
53 216 (OB Gilg.); note referring to specific
23 (SB Alu); ana il aliSu u iii a TAG-s4 (he
parts of the sacrificial animal: summa bamr
makes sacrifices?) to the god of his city and
turn imittam la-ap-ta-at-ma if the thorax is
to the god who has affected him AMT 21,3 i 7;
abnormal on the right side YOS 10 48:41
udug.hul.gal gidim lu.edin.na tag.
and dupl. 49:13 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb);
g a. zu : utukku lemnu etemmu a ina seri
summa karSu imitta u sumela TAG-it CT 20
amela tal-pu-t4 CT 16 32:173f., cf. nam.tar
45 ii 16, cf. CT 31 36:15; gumma red ubani TAG-
ld.sag.g a tag. [ga].z u : namtaru Ja qaqqad
it u tarik if the top of the "finger" is abnormal
ameli tal-pu-ti ibid. 175f.
and black Boissier Choix 44: 6ff., cf. ,umma
3' said of signs, portents: it-ti i-la-pa-ta- KI§IB imitta TAG-it CT 31 49 K.6720+ r. 19,
ni-ma (see ittu A mng. lc-3') VAS 16 22:6 also KAR 443:9 f.
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n) to hurt, bother (said of parts of the kam qdtdtim ta-al-ta-pu-ti why do I keep
human body): Summa amelu uzun SumeliSu hearing that you write down guarantors
TAG-su if a man's left ear hurts him AMT there? BIN 6 27:8, cf. ibid. 17, cf. also PN sa
105:10, also ibid. 7, dupl. AMT 35,5:3, (said of qdtdtika la il 5-tap-ti-ni VAT 13509:13, cited
the nose) AMT 105:14 and 17; [iskdsu] ... TAG. MVAG 35/3 p. 75 note c, mannum a ana
GA-si his testicles hurt him AMT 61,1:14; maliSu kaspam qdtdtija il 5-ta-pu-ti CCT 3
nakkapti SumeliSu TAG-SU Labat TDP 110 i 7', 8b:21, x silver sa PN qdtdtim al-ta-dp-ti
178:10. for which I have written down PN as guaran-
tor CCT 5 24b:7.
o) to strike, attack, defeat: if a scorpion
amela TAG-ut attacks a man CT 40 26:14 c) to smear oneself (reflexive to mng. 1h):
(SB Alu), and passim, cf. damiq ul i-lap-pat-su he said to his weapons: lit-pa-ta imat muti
it is favorable, it (the scorpion) will not attack be smeared with deadly poison Cagni Erra
him TCL 6 6 i 16 (SB ext.); (a bull) ina hatti I 7; me muti qdtka a-a il-ta-pit your hand
mahis ina qinnazi la-pit was hit with a stick, must not be touched by the water of death
whipped with a whip RAcc. 10:6; Sep imerim (parallel: aSsum la a-la-ap-pa-tu me mitim
l[a]-pa-t[um] Bagh. Mitt. 2 58 iii 11 (OB let.); CT 46 16 iv 8, OB) Gilg. X iv 3; [Sam]mi tal-tap-
ina kubur zibbatisu il-pu-us-su he (the bull) pit-ma ul taddar [mita] since you have
hit him with the thick part of his tail Gilg. rubbed yourself with herbs, you need not
VI 133; SE.KAK-su a-a il-pu-ut Same libbija fear death Gilg. IV v 31, see Landsberger, RA 62
may its shoot not affect the "heaven" of my 110; atti mdmzt S.a tal-tap-pi-td (incipit)
heart gurpu V-VI 137; sumel ummdnika Surpu I r. ii 5.
nakrum i-la-pa-at the enemy will attack
d) to bother(?): qdtam Sa [x x] la il-ta-ap-
(and defeat) the left wing of your army
p[a-at] he must not bother(?) [PN] (see mng.
RA 27 142:28, also (with abunnatu "center"
le) OECT 3 71:15 (OB let.), see AbB 4 No. 149.
and right wing) ibid. 30 and 32 (OB ext.);
ERIN.MU KUR TAG CT 31 10 K.11030:ll, cf. 3. 1/3 to touch, affect, hurt repeatedly
nakru IGI-it ummanija TAG-at CT 31 43:14, (frequentative to mng. 1) - a) to touch
also CT 30 47 K.6327:4. repeatedly: irSa ina qdteSa TAG.ME§ CT 39
45:36 (SB Alu); SammeSu il-tap-pa-ta puhddi
p) to strike a chord: umma sammim
(obscure) LKA 62:21, see Ebeling Or. NS 18 35.
iSart[umma] qablitam ta-al-pu-[ut] Gurney,
Iraq 30 230 right col. 14. b) to attack, affect (iterative to mng. 11):
summa amelu Simmat kala Sere u il-tap-[pat]
2. litputu to moisten with oil and other
if paralysis repeatedly affects a man's entire
liquids, to write down, to smear oneself, to
body AMT 91,1:4; heat and frost il-ta-nap-
bother(?) (reflexive to mng. 1) - a) to moisten
pa-ta band lani (see ldnu usage a) ZA 24
or mix (materia medica) with oil and other
169:14.
liquids: Samna tal-tap-pat tasammid you
smear oil (on it) and apply as a poultice c) to hurt someone (iterative to mng. In)
AMT 74 iii 9, also AMT 19,7:2, 19,8:5, 50,3r.(!) -1' wr. TAG.ME§: emaa TAG.MES-si (see
10, 54,1:4, note [i].ME tal-tap-pat(!) Biggs emsu mng. la) Kocher BAM 240:16, cf. summa
gaziga 73:28; I.GI TAG.TAG Kocher BAM 152 amelu qabladu ... TAG.GA.MES-~4 AMT 60,1
iii 6, cf. ina i+GIS tal-tap-pat STT 93:65, also ii 22, also lu qabldSu GIa lu kaldtesu TAG.
AMT 29,5:9, 72,2 r. 10, ina I.NUN TAG.TAG MES-, AMT 22,2:6.
Kocher BAM 124 iii 59.
2' wr. TAG.TAG (possibly to be read luppus
b) to write down (OA only): a qdtdtim tu): ,umma amelu dikcu ina irtiSu TAG.TAG-
3 ninu li-ta-dp-ta-ni-ni for which the three su-ma (see dikdu mng. la-l') Kiichler Beitr.
of us are written down as guarantors JCS 14 pl. 11 iii 65, also TAG.TAG-s AMT 48,3:6 +
10:18; midu Sa altanammeuma [a]mmas 23,5:5, 9umma amelu ,er'dn sini imittidu
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lapatu 4a lapatu 4c
TAG.TAG-8u AMT 90,1 iii 24, qabal muhin u u he smears the uprights of the door (of the
nakkaptYdu TAG.TAG-M AMT 54,2 r. 2; kidass sanctuary, the gates, etc.) RAce. 119:10, cf.
su TAG.TAG-s irassW KIT.ME§-a(!) A-4 GAZ. tarbasa ... TAG.ME§ kma tul-tap-pi-tu AAA
ME§-o his neck hurts him, his chest hurts 22 58 i 52f.; (with scented oil) sippe bdbdni
him, his abdomen causes him pain Labat TDP TAG.TAG Maqlu IX 140, of. 4R 59 No. 1 r. 7;
20:32; MURU 4 -M TAG.TAG- Kocher BAM 396 gassu itti sa bdb bit marsi TAG.TAG.ME§ the
i 23, also MURU 4 .MES-* TAG.TAG-t ibid. gypsum and bitumen with which you smear
96 i 12; mimma ina kal ,ereAu
TAG.TAG-8U the door of the patient's house ZA 6 242:15
something hurts him throughout his body (cultic comm.); DIS selum sa imittim damam
Kocher BAM 3 iii 8; note, wr. TAGII-i4 AMT lu-pu-ut if the right rib is smeared with
84,5:7. blood YOS 10 47:86, (with the left) ibid. 87,
cf. umeldu damam malima imittaSu damam
4. lupputu to touch, to smear, to write,
lu-pu-ut ibid. 33 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb),
to play a stringed instrument, to strike, (in
also (both ribs) dama lu-pu-tu(var. adds -4)
the stative) to be anomalous (said of ominous
ibid. 48:25, var. from dupl. 47:88, cf. damam
features), to make unclean, to obscure, to
[lu-u]p-pu-tu YOS 10 42 i 15 (OB ext.); ul-tap-
rub, to scratch, to scatter, to sprinkle, to
pi-it [...] nu'uram pagarSu Gilg. P. iii 22; in
tarry, to be delayed - a) to touch: qaqquru
med.: SAG.KI.MES-§i tu-lap-pat you smear
bit ui-la-pat-an-ni u Sari Aliku ... innassaha
his temples (with a salve) Kocher BAM 156:44;
excerpts (from omen collections) will be made
wr. TAG.TAG: UZU.MES- 4 DU.A.BI-M-nfU TAG.
concerning the quadrant (of the moon) which
TAG you smear (it) over his entire body
it (the shadow of the eclipse) will touch
and the prevailing winds ABL 38 r. 7, see
Iraq 19 40 i 22, cf. SAG.KI- i
TAG.TAG CT 23
40:30, 3-4i TAG.TAG-at Biggs gaziga 63 LKA
Parpola LAS No. 25; attali Sin ... mtdti
97 ii 8; wr. TAG.MES: GIS.IG ... TAG.MES-ma
ul-tap-pi-it the eclipse of the moon has
NAM.BITR.BI CT40 13:43, cf. 7.AM TAG.MES-
touched all countries ABL 337 r. 12, see Lands-
ma ibid. 39, also asar mdkaliSu TAG.MES-ma
berger Brief n. 67; gamz anaku ul tu-lap-pa-tin-
ina'es KAR 56:4; mimma mala TAG-s4 TAG.
ni I am the heavens, you cannot touch me
ME-ma ind you apply (the ointment)
(I am the nether world, you cannot bewitch
wherever it hurts him and he will have
me) Maqlu III 151, cf. ziqit zuqaqipi anaku
relief AMT 102:6; ina amni TAG.TAG-ma
ul tu-lap-pa-tin-ni ibid. 154; ezib 9a ldpit pit
immeri ... mihha ZID.MAD.GA me-e hasbu u
you smear (the poultice) with oil AMT 75 iv 7.
IZI TAG.ME§ disregard the fact that the one
c) to write (OA, MA only): tuppe anniul
who touches the forehead of the sheep has
tim u-ld-pi-ta-kum TCL 14 7:6, cf. 4 naSpes
also touched the mihnu-offering, the flour,
i-ld-pi-ti BIN 4
the water, the pot, or the fire PRT 4:13,
restored from ibid. 26 r. 3, 63 r. 3, cf. [ezib 9a
rdtum sa kdrum Kanis...
103:12, mimma tuppeja fa
4-la-pi-ta-ku-nu-
ti-ni Civil, JCS 15 127:4; ina Sami tuppe annis
andk]u mar bari ... me DUG ha-as-pa ZID.
ltim u-ld-pi-ta-ku-ni CCT 5 27b:4, nadperdtim
MAD.GA IZI TAG.ME§ Knudtzon Gebete 105 r.
Id-pi-ta-ma CCT 4 28b: 16, Hecker Giessen 50:10,
4 + BM 99068 + 99200 (courtesy J. Aro); disre-
but also referring to one tablet: naSpertum
gard the fact that akulu NAG- TAG.ME I
ld-pu-ta-[at] TCL 4 48:45, la-pu-ta-si -um
have eaten, drunk or touched (something
CCT 3 35b: 16, tuppam la nu-ld-pi-tdm BIN 4
unclean) PRT 4:14, 63 r. 4; ina m uiamni
221:13, mimma naSperdtija Id-pu-ut TCL 20
itmd u-lap-pi-tu4 napdti they took the oath
108:4', and passim; i4Sambi tuppam -ld-pi-ta-
by water and oil, they touched their throats
ku-ni ICK 1 15:21, and often in this phrase;
En. el. VI 98; lulappit burdatki HS 1879:11
awdtim tdbatim ld-pi-ta-u-ma write him
(OB), cited AHw. 358b s.v. hurdatu(m).
kind words CCT 4 31a: 31; awdtim hamtdtim
b) to smear: sippi a babi ... i-lap-pat ti-ld-pi-tim you have written me angry words
(with the mixture of wine and scented oil) BIN 6 93:8, cf. CCT 4 8a: 31, CCT 3 16a: 31; awats
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lapatu 4d lapatu 4i
kunu damiqtam i.ti suhdrija ld-pi-ta-nim-ma TAG.ME -ma u lipissa MI if the right kidney
send me your favorable reply with my boy is abnormal and the abnormal spot is black
BIN 4 32:37, cf. nadpertakadannutum ... ld- KAR 152:28f., and passim in this text; Summa
pi-ta-ma TCL 14 27:20; concerning whatever martu karu u Saman libbi TAG.ME if the gall
I have left with you mehram ld-pi-it-ma bladder, the belly and the fat of the "heart"
gebilam write a copy and send (it) to me are abnormal CT 30 15 K.3841:14, cf. summa
CCT 2 16a:5, also ba'abatim adi allakanni lu- martu kalua TAG.ME§-dt ibid. 15, also
ld-pi-it KTS 12:40; miSdu <ia> tadidatim u amitu TAG.ME§-at TCL 6 1 r. 17f., KIIB
sdridam ti-ld-pi-ta-ni why have you written 15 TAG.MES CT 31 45 Sm. 236:10f., and
the transportation expenses and (the expen- passim in SB ext.; summa bamtum imittam u
ses for) the donkey driver on my account? Jumelam lu-pu-ta-at YOS 10 48:42 and dupl.
CCT 2 26b:14, cf. minam mddtim lu-ld-pi-ta- 49:14 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb).
ku-nu-ti BIN 6 99:7, cf. also ibid. 23:30, Kienast
ATHE 39:19; kaspam madam ul-ta-pi-ti-ni- g) to make unclean: ina epli lemnuti ...
im CCT 3 29:17; tuppe mimma ana Alim ul- lu-up-pu-ta-ku-ma I have become unclean
ta-pi-tii KT Hahn 12:17 (all OA); [lu]-bu-ul- through evil machinations BMS 12:5, see
ta la-pi-ta make a record of the garments Ebeling Handerhebung 78, also Schollmeyer No.
KAV 195: 10 (MA), cf. a [.... ] tu-la-pi-ta ibid. 8. 21:28 (SB lit.); mula'itu da gamemu-lap-pi-
turm Sa erseti (witch) who makes even the
d) to play a stringed instrument: lu-up- heavens dirty, makes even the nether world
pu-ut pitni.u eli nisisu limras may the unclean Maqlu III 49, cf. [...] lu'a i-lab-
playing of his strings be disagreeable to his bi-ta-an-ni BBR No. 16 r. 13; disregard the
public KAR 361 r. 8; kima mare L3.NAR.MEA fact that any uncleanliness UDU.SIZKUR TAG.
4-lap-pa-ti li'gunu they play their chords ME' (= ulappitu) may have come in contact
like musicians Maqlu VII 163; kus.ub kh with the sacrificial animal PRT 4:11, wr.
balag kh.ge su mu.un.tag.g[e] : ina u-lap-pi-ti Knudtzon Gebete 72:12, and passim
uppi ebbi balamgi elli u-la-pa-tu-di
they play in this phrase; uncert.: x wool adi 10 MA.NA
for her upon the sacred uppu-drum, upon sa lu-up-pu-ti GCCI 2 80:3 (NB).
the pure balaggu-harp KAR 16 r. 15f., and
dupl. KAR 15 r. If. h) to obscure: MUL.UDU.IDIM MUL.MES
AN-e 4-lap-pat the planet (Mars) obscures
e) to strike: dMA .TAB.BA umman nakri (all) the stars in the sky ACh Itar 20:52, cf.
TAG.ME§ the Twin Gods (i.e., pestilence) will Thompson Rep. 172 r. 3 and 6; when Salbatanu
strike the army of the enemy KAR 428 r. 9, retrograded from the head of Urgula MUL.
(with ummanka) ibid. 10, cf. ummdnka ilu AL.LUL dMadi ul-tap-pit it obscured Cancer
TAG.MES (var. [TAG]-dt) TCL 6 4:19, var. from and Gemini ABL 519 r. 5.
K.3568:18 (all SB ext.); TU6 .KUY.GA- 9aDN
i) to rub, to scratch: if a man's head
li-la-ap-pit bunnanikunu may the holy in-
contains water ina ubdnika rabiti agar me
cantation of Ningirim destroy your features
ukallu TAG.TAG-ma you rub it with your
Maqlu II 158, see AfO 21 73; note mu-la-ap-
thumb wherever it holds water CT 23 36:57,
pit lemniti (var. to muhalliq raggi) Maqlu II
cf. [... ina q]a-ti-ka tu-la-pat-[ma] AfO 12
143.
143 r. i 5 (rit.); summa panisu1-lap-pat if he
f) (in the stative) to be anomalous (said rubs his face AfO 11 222:6 (physiogn.), also
of ominous features): beli idi kima tedrtum (with various parts of the face) ibid. 223:11,
lu-up-pu-ta my lord knows that the extis- 33, etc.; NUMDUN-i zu-qat-su i-lap-pat if
picies are anomalous ARM 10 87:9, also ibid. 7; he constantly scratches his lips, his chin Iraq
,irum lu-pu-ut the "flesh" is abnormal 19 40 i 12, and dupl. Labat TDP 190:14; gumma
YOS 10 17:42, cf. nru ... putturma lu-pu-ut i.MEr- 4 Un- u GiRII-4 magal TAG.TA-at
RA 44 13:4 (OB ext.); dumma kalit imitti if he constantly scratches his abdomen, his
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lapatu 4j lapatu 5b
hands and his feet Labat TDP 122 iii 17, cf. my departure ARM 1 36:10; sdbum ina GN
[summa qdatau pa]gardu magal TAG.ME kima patgrim i-la-ap-pi-tu-nim the army delayed
TAG.ME§ NU ZU [...] if his hands keep departing from GN ARM 2 87:11, and passim
rubbing his body but he does not know that in Mari;exceptional: tuppi belija 4-la-ap-pi-
they keep rubbing (it) Labat TDP 92:30f., cf. tam the tablet of my lord was late (arriving)
also qdtdau pagarSu 4-lap-pa-tu ibid. 232:17, here ARM 2 106:14.
234:24, 246:16f.; ittdtuja u-la-ap-<pa>-ta-ni-
[in-ni] (mng. uncert., see ittu A mng. lc-3') 5. sulputu to make touch, to overthrow,
JCS 15 7 ii 20 (OB lit.); uncert.: [ina] uhatti defeat, to destroy, to desecrate, defile, to
LUGAL u-la-p[a-tu-Si] CT 22 247:38 (MB let.). sprinkle - a) to make touch: he repeats
this conjuration three times ema imtanl
j) to scatter, to sprinkle: [u]l-tap-pit
nikis immeri i(t-al-pa-si while he recites (it)
hasurri tdba Lambert BWL 58:26 (Ludlul IV);
he has her touch the cut on the sheep RA 18
he offers the handwater (basin) to Anu and
25 ii 10, and see mng.. d; arikta sa [...] 4-
Antu (after the meal) Jarrau nisi u-lap-pat
sal-pu-tu KAR 154 r. 5 (NA rit.).
(then) he sprinkles the king and the (other)
persons (with the water) RAcc. 90:23, also
b) to overthrow, defeat, to destroy:
91 r. 4, 102 iii 18, 103 iv 12, 115 r. 8; 1 tangalle
mandma GN u GN 2 la u-sa-al-bi-tu UET 1
tabti kaspi a lu-up-pu-tu one silver salt
275 i 10 (OAkk.), see AfO 20 74; u-ul-pu-ut mds
container for sprinkling YOS 6 62:13, 189:16,
tisu haldq niisu CH xlii 91 (epilogue); nu-Sal-
192:14 (NB letters from Uruk).
pi-tu(var. -te) dHubaba Gilg. VIII ii 12, var.
k) to tarry, to be delayed: la i-la-ap-pa- from JCS 8 93 r. 10; ana Sul-pu-ut KUR Guti
ta-nim arhbi ana GN lisniqanim they should (omens) for defeating the land of the Guti
not tarry but come here to Babylon at once (parallel: Sa leqe kissiti) TCL 3 318 (Sar.);
LIH 34 r. 15, cf. ibid. 54: 16 and (in the same phrase) iu-al-pit rapSu nagd GN I destroyed the vast
LIH 23 r. 5, 32:10, 50:16, TCL 1 7:18; ana province of Judah OIP 2 86:15 and dupl., cf.
ha-di-nim Sa apurakkum la u-la-ap-pa-tu- URU GN u mdt GN 2 mat GN 3, u-al-pit-ma
nim they must not be delayed beyond the u'abbit dadmeSa ibid. 13 (Senn.), cf. dldni pat
term I wrote to you LIH 40:22, cf. hadidnim mat Akkadi ... i-sa-al-pi-it-ma VAB 4 274 ii
sa aSpurakkum UD.1.KAM la -la-ap-pa-tu-nim 25; amit RN sa GN it-al-pi-tu the omen
LIH 27 r. 26, cf. UD.4.KAM i-la-pi-it-ma TLB 4 of Ibbi-Sin whom Elam overthrew CT 28
58:9; la tu-la-ap-pa-tam arhiS sinqam do 49 K.6231:3 and dupl. CT 30 19 r. i 5 (SB ext.);
not delay, come here at once! OLZ 1914 112:7; a strong enemy will rise against the country
arhbi ul ikgudannima ul-ta-ap-pi-tam he did mdta i4-al-pat CT 39 29:29 (SB Alu), also
not arrive in time, he was delayed TCL 17 Leichty Izbu I 4, mata u-sal-pat-ma [x] idddk
64:7; iStu inanna UD.5.KAM ... lu-up-pu- ibid. XXI 42, cf. i4-a-al-pa-[at] (in broken
ta-a-ku Sumer 14 14 No. 1:39; note the context) YOS 10 33 i 43 (OB ext., apod.); mtu
spelling: ana addn igAaprakkum tu-la-ba-da- sa Sul-pu-ta-at uAsab matu d la <<d> sul-
am-ma should you be delayed beyond the pu-ta-at [. . .] TCL 6 10:19 (SB Alu), cf. ibid.
time which was indicated to you in writing u makkursu Sa itu aqdami
17:29 (astrol.);
(you will not be forgiven) Kraus AbB 1 84:26; la su-ul-pu-ut i4-a-al-p[a-at] and I will
summa lu-pu-ta-tu-nu VAS 16 38:4 and 15, destroy his property which since ancient
summa atta lu-pu-ta-ta TCL 18 147:13, also times has not been destroyed ARM 10 80:19,
TIM 2 15:33 (all OB); ina dlim lu-up-pu-ta-ku see Moran, Biblica 50 52f.; if a man (in his
I am detained in the city ARM 1 37:30, of. dream) holds an ax and mimma kalama
ARMT 13 30:15, atta agariA lu-up-pu-ta-a-at it-Aal-pit destroys something completely
ARM 2 62:18', Aarrum alariA lu-up-pu-ut Dream-book 333: x + 16; nassabdtu a 1.DIDLI
ARMT 13 51:12; UD.5.KAM ina GN warkija DINGIR.ME Sul-pu-ta CT 39 31 K.3811+ :4
lu-up-pi-i[t] wait in GN for five days after (SB Alu).
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lapatu 5c lapatu 8a
c) to desecrate, defile (a temple, a palace, d) to sprinkle: sahle a .... fbati N S ul-
etc.): parakkam Sa DN ra'imika ii-Sa-al-pi- pu-ti cress which has not been sprinkled
tu u itd unakkiru they desecrated the with (salt or) vinegar Kocher BAM 3 i 16, dupl.
chapel of Marduk who loves you and changed AMT 16,2:7, also, wr. TAG.TAG CT 23 23:11;
(its) outlines CT 4 2:24; PN ahdtka inagu-ul- uncert.: Sa tbiuni qa-a-ta tu-sal-pat you
pu-ti-im imit your sister PN died because of sprinkle as much as (you deem) good AMT
an act of defilement Kraus AbB 1 140:19, 41,1 iv 41 (NA), dupl. Kocher BAM 50 r. 20.
and see mng. le (both OB letters); u-Sa-al-pi-it
6. sutalputu to be defeated, overthrown,
kissam VAS 1 32 ii 2 (Ipiq-Istar); Aa bitam
s'tuut-sa-al-pa-tu Syria 32 16 iv 25 (Jahdunlim);
bit dHaldia ... u-cal-pi-ta sdgigu TCL 3 279
to be desecrated, defiled (passive to mng. 5)
- a) to be defeated, overthrown (passive
to mng. 5b): see ubtatalpit SBH p. 55 r.
(Sar.); esreti Elamti ... 4u-al-pit Streck Asb.
11, in lex. section; bitu Sz ina qimit girra lu
54 vi 63; ina tadirti u bikiti sa 4-Sal-pi-tu-A4
us-tal-pi-it this temple was destroyed in a
nakru with a melancholy mood and with
conflagration AOB 1 130:12 (Shalm. I), also
tears (I started the rebuilding of sanctuary
Borger Esarh. 3 iii 29; lu bit DINGIR URU us-
and city) because the enemy had desecrated
tdl-pi-[tu] BMS 21:25; KUR.BI us-tdl-pat
it ibid. 248:8; ana eSreti mat Akkadi qdssu
that country will be defeated ACh Sin 3:8,
iddma 4-sal-pi-tu mat Akkadi. he (the
cf. DINGIR.MES KUR HUL.MES (= uaZlpatu) ...
Elamite king) who had laid hand on the
KUR JUL-pat (= uStalpat) ACh Sama 2:18,
sanctuaries of Babylonia and defiled (all of)
mat nakri us-tdl-pat Leichty Izbu XX 32,
Babylonia ibid. 178:14; gar ummdn-manda
... u-aa-al-pi-it esressun VAB 4 272 ii 16; Aa
also KUR us-tal-pat ibid. I 120, E.BI uS-tdl-pat
... Gutl2 ul-a-al-pi-tu meisu whose cult
CT 41 8:74f.;
ACh Sin 33:66;
kussi GN u GN, uS-tdl-pat
URU.BI uS-tdl-pat CT 39 33:59
the Gutians had desecrated ibid. 276 iv 22,
(SB Alu), URU Subat arri us-tal-pat CT 20
also (with pillude) ibid. 270 i 13 (all Nbn.);
13:10 (SB ext.), DAG.G1 .A.BI SUB-di (var. uA-
4
the enemy will rule the land of Akkad
tal-pat) CT 38 5:135 (SB Alu).
esretia i4-al-pat and desecrate its sanctu-
aries Leichty Izbu II 19, ekalladu i4-al-[pat] b) to be desecrated, defiled (passive to
ibid. XXI 29; BARA l-gal-pit CT 40 8 K.7932:6, mng. 5c): see BRM 4 9:12 and 22, in lex.
cf. BARA.SI.GA i-sal-pit ibid. 20, (with muhru) section; E.KUR.MES sa us-tal-pi-tic Cagni Erra
ibid. 10:28 (SB Alu); aAdi qdti la ul-pu-ta uc- V 36; asu E.UD.GAL Sa uS-tdl-pi-tu4 on ac-
al-pit I used my hand to touch sacri- count of the temple which was destroyed
legiously what is untouchable KAR 45+39:14; ibid. IV 63; SU.NIR KUR UL.ME§ (var. us-tal-
if a strange and rare wild animal enters pa-tu4 ) the divine standards of the country
the city IGi-ir mimma i4-al-pit is seen and will be desecrated ACh Istar 20:93, see ZA 52
defiles something (it means: ruin of the 254:108, also ABL 679:12.
city, dispersal of its inhabitants) RAcc.
7. Autalputu to allow to be touched: 1 siLA
36 r. 4; sa ihabbatuuni sa lu-al-pa-tu-si-ni
SE ina zumrika la tu-us-ta-la-pa-at you must
ZA 51 138:62 (NA cultic comm.); exceptional:
not, on your life, allow one sila of barley to
Naram-Sin nam-mag-g[e-e] Babili is-sal-p[it]
be touched TCL 1 35:19 (OB let.).
ZA 42 53 A 20, cf. Enmerkar ... nam-ma-
[e-e] 4-sal-pit ibid. 51:32'; bitu a RN IpuSu 8. nalputu to be touched, to be sprinkled,
RN, ... uA-tal-pit the temple which Mes- to be written down, recorded, to become
annepadda built, Nanna (= Aannepadda) affected - a) to be touched: libittum iStiat
has desecrated Lambert BWL 280 r. iv 16, cf. i-la-pa-at-ma should one single brick be
the parallel Sum. version: 6.babbar Me. touched (I will deal with you according to
silim.e mu.un.dh.a An.na.n6 ... su. the regulations of my lord) ABIM 3:12; adi
hul mu.un.dh.a E. I. Gordon, BASOR 132 allakam §E SiLA la i-la-pa-at not even one-
-
p. 29. half sila of barley is to be touched before I

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lapatu 8b lapnu
come TCL 1 27:18, cf. PBS 7 32:19 and 22; la-pa-ta (see hald A mng. 2) YOS 10 42 iii 39
ina eqlim Suati 1 SAR eqlum la il-la-ap-pa-at (both OB ext.); idku Sanitu iltegama ta-at-ta-al-
not one sar of land is to be touched in this pa-at (if) the other testicle becomes infected
field TCL 7 6:10, cf. sunu 1 SiLA la il-la-ap- thereby KAV 1 i 83 (Ass. Code § 8); anni la
pa-at ibid. 63:10; kussdau lu ihhasir ep nit-tal-pit ABL 214 r. 22; al-la-pit kima mahhe
imeriSu lu il-la-pi-it whether his saddle was PSBA 17 138:7; obscure: it-tal-pi-it MCT 140
broken, whether the leg of his donkey was V 11.
wounded Bagh. Mitt. 2 58 iii 14; adi amSali Ad mng. lb-l': Landsberger, MAOG 4 313 n. 1;
Siprum ul il-la-pi-it until yesterday the work Oppenheim, JAOS 61 263 n. 61, JNES 11 132.
had not been touched YOS 2 97:14 (all OB Ad mng. If: Koschaker, Or. NS 4 43 n. 1. Ad
mng. lh: Waschow, MAOG 10/1 33. Ad mng. li:
letters); whoever contests (the adoption) Landsberger, OLZ 1925 231. Ad mng. 2: Lands-
will pay two minas of silver to the king berger, RA 62 110 n. 42. Ad mng. 4d: Landsberger,
u lisdnSu i-la-ap-pa-at or his tongue will be ZA 42 156 n. 1.
"touched" (parallel: li~dnSu isallap his laplaptu s.; parching thirst(?); lex.*
tongue will be torn out 21:22) TIM 5 4:19
[KAME/A.te] = la-ala-ap--tum Kagal D Sec-
(OB); the APIN-star (refers) to the growing of tion 8:6; im-min-te KAXME.TE = lap-lap-[tum]
the seeded furrow (explanation): SAR Sur-ru- Ea III 115 and Comm. BM 70745:6; [...] =
u sd la-pa-ti AB.SfN il-la-pat-ma §E ina umeu lap-la[p]-tu MSL 9 96:167 (list of diseases).
usarru(!) - SAR is to grow, said of lapatu, Saptja 9a illabba ilq lap-l[ap-ta-(sin)?]
(explanation:) the furrow will be irrigated, he took away the 1. of my lips that had
the barley will grow in season ACh Itar 25:3; become parched(?) Lambert BWL 52:22 (Lud-
Izi il-la-pa-tu-ma they will be touched by fire lul III).
ACh Adad 17:33, wr. IZI TAG.TAG.MES-ma
ibid. 37.
The phrase ina (aSar, qaqqar) summe KAL-
KAL-ti frequent in Asb., cited s.v. galgaltu A,
b) to be sprinkled: twenty silas of salt possibly should be read ina ... summe lap-
for (salting) the fish which came here from lap-ti, as an idiom for parching thirst.
GN il-la-ap-tu have been used (lit. sprinkled)
lapnu (fem. lapuntu, laputtu) adj.; poor,
(to salt the fish) BE 6/1 106:5 (OB).
destitute; from OA, OB on; wr. syll. and
c) to be written down, recorded (OA (L.)NiG.NU.TUK, (Lt.)UK1 ; cf. lapanu.
only): 11 MA.NA KUI.BABBAR ana PN qitdtim u-ku UKt = lap(var. la-ap)-nu Ea I 257, also
a PN2 na-al-pu-ta-ku I have been entered Sb II 145; su-um zIB = la-ap(var. lap)-nu Ea II
225; su-um (four slanting wedges upside down) =
(on the ledger) for eleven minas of silver
la-ap-nu, qa-tu-. Ea II Excerpt 21'-21a; uki.
for PN as warrantor for PN2 KT Hahn 15:8, si.ig = la-ap-nu-um IM 13391:1; 16.nig.nu.tuk
also (in the same phrase) BIN 4 114:26, 6 211:27, = la-ap-nu-e (opposite: ari) OB Lu A 51, also
MVAG 35/3 No. 325a r. 5, also na-al-pu-ta-tii- la-ap-nu-um OB Lu B ii 8; nig.nu.tuk = la-
nu BIN 6 215:9, na-al-pu-ta-ti-ni CCT 5 ap-nu-[uml Nigga Bil. B 78; nig.nu.tuk = la-
a[p-nu] Antagal M i 5'; tuk = arl, la-ap-nu
8a: 19 and 26; bit tamkarim qdtdt PN a-li-pi- Erimhus Bogh. A 29f.; kud.da = la-ap-nu-um
it-ma TCL 19 67:12; qdtam Salimtam bit Silbenvokabular A 67; [...] = la-ap-nu 5R 16
karim li-li-pi-it he should be recorded in the 26 iv 26 (group voc.); su.dim4 .ma = MIN (arim)
office of the karum for the complete share Aa la-ap-n[i] Antagal N ii 7.
Ae §u
dumu.lu.nig.tuku.tuku dumu.lu.kur.ra.
TCL 20 90:19; irre tuppim na-al-pu-tim
nu.ba : mar aari ana mar la-ap-ni qgssu
before writing it down on the tablet Hecker itarra[p] Ugaritica 5 No. 164:36f.
Giessen 34:35.
a) lapnu - 1' in gen.: ina libbi sdbim
d) to become affected: kard arri bultitta Adti 200 sbum 1 KUD lu mri awile damfs
il-la-ap-pa-tu the stores of the king will be [qitum] u 200 sdbum 1 KUD lu LU.ME etiutum
infested with vermin AO 7539:78, cited la-ap-nu-tum naqdii out of these men two
Nougayrol, RA 40 89, cf. napaktum ha-lam i- hundred men, that is, one company, should
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lapnu laptu
be well-to-do men, and two hundred, one b) lapuntu: almattu upunta la-pu-un-ti
company, should be poor men, badly off i.Gi§ dardina Saritiunazi puhdda the widow
ARM 2 1:17, cf. ibid. 19; ana kabti DUGUD-tU brings (you, Samar) flour, the poor woman,
ana UK JUKI-nu for the important person oil, the rich man, a lamb from his riches
(more) honor, for the poor (more) poverty Dream-book 340 K.3333:10; t La-pu-ut-tum
MDP 14 51 i 16 (MB dream omens); UKU ile'isu (personal name) Dar. 379:48.
a poor man will win over him in court Kraus
lapnu see labnu s.
Texte 3b iii 44; lap-nu (var. la-ap-nu) [...]
hisihta ubla the poor man brought what was lappanu see alappanu.
needed (for the construction of the ark)
Gilg. XI 55, var. from Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis lappu see lippu.
90 III ii 14; LU la-ap-nu mar la-ap-ni kalbu laptanu adj.; turnip-colored; lex.*; cf.
mitu ... andku I was a poor man, son of a laptu A.
poor man, a dead dog ABL 1285:13. na 4 .za.gin.lu.ub (SAR> = lap-ta-nu-u Hh.
XVI 61.
2' opposed to sari: [la]-dp-nu-um i-a-
ru-u OIP 27 15:11 (OA let.); 10 L la-ap-nu- laptu (fem. lapittu) adj.; 1. damaged,
tim ana [te-er-d]i-[til(?)-frul-nu a ittisunu 2. anomalous, 3. plucked (string); OB, SB,
illaku LU.ME§ [s]aritum ligurusuniti let the NA, NB; wr. syll. and TAG; cf. lapdtu.
rich men hire ten poor men who will go with [gis.ma.nu.tag.ga] = e-ru lap-tu Hh. VII
them as escorts ARM 1 17:8; Sarpanitu B 210; gig.al.ta-agtag = lap-ti Hh. VII A 163;
mulappinat sari muaSardt LU.UK who udu.[sa.a]d.gal.tag.ga = MIN (= immeru) MIN
impoverishes the wealthy, who makes the (= rapadu) la-ap-tu sheep affected by the staggers
Hh. XIII 62; lu.izi.tag.ga = la-ap-tam ju-uh-
poor man rich RAcc. 135:259; sari iqallil
tim(or -nim!) OB Lu B iv 37.
UKU idammiq Dream-book 327:79, cf. qdtou
sepasuiqalli <la>abu UKU I KAR 52:6 (omen 1. damaged: see laptamsuhtim (or .uhnim)
comm.); Sariti ilappinuUKV.ME§ isarru [... ] singed(?) by fire OB Lu, in lex. section;
ana mar UKU qdssu itarras the rich will ndgir ekalli abarakku ina muhhi lap-ti-te in-
become poor, the poor, rich, [the rich] will ti-nu-u the herald of the palace and the
beg from the poor JCS 18 12 ii 15, cf. Lr.NiG. steward counted the damaged ones (said of
NU.TUK.MES (var. LU.NU.NiG.TUK.MES) isarra wooden beams) ABL 92 r. 8, cf. 13157
mar sarti [ilappinu] Iraq 29 120:10 (both SB lap-ti-te ibid. 20 (NA); 1-en GUD x x la-ap-ta
prophecies), also KAR 421 r. i 15, LU.BI lu NIG. (obscure) BIN 1 37:23 (NB); see also, said of
NU.TUK i[.ar]ruKraus Texte 50 r. 21, UKU i arru damaged objects, Hh. VII A 163 and VII B 210,
CT 40 17:51 (SB Alu), also KUB 37 168:4', see also, for a disease affecting sheep, Hh. XIII 62,
also lapdnu v. mng. Ic; bitu la-ap-nu isarru in lex. section.
the poor family will become rich CT 40 6:7,
2. anomalous (said of configurations of
also CT 38 16:66, cf. bit ameli UKR isarru
the exta): ina ia-al-ma-tim la-ap-ta ina la-
CT 38 15:37 (both SB Alu).
ap-ta-ti .[alma] among normal features
3' parallel to muskenu and other terms for (these signs) are (considered) anomalous,
poor: ana muSkeni sit dumqi ana UK sit among anomalous ones they are normal
lupni for a muskenu (this means) the loss of KAR 452:16 and 20, cf. SILIM-ta NU TAG.MES
prosperity, for a poor man, the loss of poverty TAG-tu NU SILIM.ME§ KAR 151:57; ina tere
MDP 14 55 r. i 15 (MB dream omens); etlu mar tika zalmati TAG.ME§ bal-la-ti in your normal,
Nippuri katd u la-ap-nu a man of Nippur, anomalous, and mixed configurations KAR
destitute and poor STT 38:1, see AnSt 6 150; 151 r. 29, cf. CT 20 48 iv 8, KAR 151:58, cf. also
mudasrit kate munahhiat la-ap-ni Craig SILIM.ME§ TAG.ME TAG.ME§ SILIM.ME§ the
ABRT 1 54 iv 12; ekitu almattu etlu la-ap-nu normal (features) may be considered anoma-
Lambert BWL 160 r. 20. lous, the anomalous ones, good KAR 151:30,
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laptu A laptu B
also ibid. 1, cf. SILIM.ME§ U TAG.MES CT 30 28 b) lapatarmanni the armannu-like turnip:
K.8014:7, Boissier DA 231 r. 29; ina TAG-ti u la-pat ar-ma-ni (among medications)
(= lapitti) illaka ina Salimti [la illa]ka if it is AMT 99,3:11, dupl. Kocher BAM 216:52, 220 iii
an anomalous (configuration), (the enemy) 2, AMT 33,3:13, wr. ' la-pdt dr-man-ni Kocher
will come, if it is normal, he will not come BAM 197:33; 1 GIN la-pat dr-man-nu TCL 6
Boisssier DA 13 ii 5, cf. ibid. 8f.; ina salimti 34 iii 13; LU.UB.SAR dr-ma-nim AMT 85,3:7,
smG ina TAG-ti BAR-turn in a normal (con- (in broken context) AMT 82,4:9, CT 14 39 Rm.
figuration) it is favorable, in an anomalous 352 r. 10; for other refs., see armannu lex.
configuration it is ill-portending Boissier DA section.
12 i 32, cf. 226:18, 228:41 and 46, 230 r. 17 and For Iraq 23 42 ND 2672:27 see lattu.
231:26, 5 TAG.MES ina libbi SIG5 .MES-U janu
laptu B s.; roasted barley; Bogh., SB,
laptat there are five anomalous configurations
NA; wr. syll. and SE.SA.A (in Bogh. NIG.SE.
in it, there are no favorable ones: it is (con-
SA.A).
sidered) anomalous PRT 105:18.
udun.se.sa.a = maql, qald, la-ap-tum Hh. X
3. plucked (string): gis.gh.de tag.tag 368ff.
[... ] : i-nu lap-tu the plucked inu- a) wr. syll. - 1' in gen.: kima SE.SA.A
instrument OECT 6 pl. 16 K.3228 r. 5. piri'gu kima NUMUN lap-ti lipsui paniisu
For Bagh. Mitt. 2 58 iii 11, see lapatu mng. may his offspring be like roasted barley, may
lo. his face become as white as a grain of roasted
barley CT 23 10:19, cf. kima lap-ti lipsi
laptu A s.; turnip; OB, Bogh., SB, NA, panika ibid. 14; NUMUN lap-ti ZID.SE.SA.A
NB; pl. lapdtu; wr. syll. and LU.UB.SAR; CT 23 10:24.
cf. laptdnu. 2' referring to the oven used to make
lu-u[b] LO.TB.SAR = la-ap-ti Diri I 107, cf. Ltr. roasted barley: see Hh. X 368ff., in lex. sec-
UB(!).[SA]R = la-ap-tu-[um] Proto-Diri 583;
6 lu.ib SAR = la-ap-ti Practical Vocabulary tion; ana UDUN la-ap-ti tinuri kinuni (you
Assur 86; sum.hus.a SAR = is-su lap-ti = zi-im- have handed me over) to the oven for
zi-me Hg. B IV 209, D 230, in MSL 10 104f., also roasted barley, to the kiln, to the brazier
Hh. XVII 249a. Maqlu IV 26, cf. mdmit UDUN la-ap-ti ti-nu-
a) in gen.: la-ap-ta-am SAR -s-mi-nam ri KI.NE §urpu VIII 75; ina UDUN pahhdri
SAR pa-ap-pa-ar-hi-iSAR i [... ] ki-ma u-da- irupu MIN ina UDUN sabi [... ] MIN ina
ba-la-kum Su-ku-un as soon as I have sent kanni sahiti itmeru MIN ina <UDUN> la-
the turnips, the saminu, the purslane and ap-t[i iq-mu]-u they burned (figurines of
the [...] to you, plant (them) TLB 4 11:41; me) in a potter's kiln, [...-ed] (them) in
si-ni-su la-pa-tim 4-Sa-bi-lam I have sent a brewer's kiln, buried them in an oil-
turnips twice TCL 18 87:21 (both OB letters); presser's installation, burned them in an
la-ap-ti SAR (list of plants in Merodach- oven (used to make) roasted barley AfO 18
baladan's garden) CT 14 50:41; 100 ri-ga-mu 292:35; obscure: 1 GUN KU.BABBAR ina
sd lap-te one hundred bunches(?) of turnips lap-te mi-iq/k-le kunkkclu 9a PN ... ina muhhi
Iraq 14 35:126 (Asn.); summa ... lu la-ap-tum ABL 1194 r. 3 (NA).
... ina la adanniSu zera ittaSi if the turnip b) wr. SE.SA.A - 1' the grain: kima
bears seed out of season CT 39 8 K.8406:2, NUMUN SE.SA.A la ibnd E.Di just as a kernel
dupl. K.7843:2 (SB Alu); mdmit kima LU.UB.
SAR kasimti ana KI-9 aj itur let the "oath,"
like a cut turnip, not return to its place
of roasted barley cannot produce a sprout
CT 23 10:17, also AfO 23 41:29; salmani lu
lU a liS E.SA.A lu ipuSu they made
lid Segi lu
9a
JNES 15 142:34b (lipbur-lit.); j GUN A. i : U figurines (of me) from dough made with
l[a-a]p-t[um] K6cher Pflanzenkunde 31:23, cf. bitter grain or dough made with roasted
ibid. 27:11, cf. NUMUN P lap-ti (in enumer- barley AfO 18 291:24, cf. 4 salmni lid Segugi
ation of drugs) AMT 32,5:8. 4 salmini lid SE.SA.A ibid. 297:6; 1 SiLA
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laptu B laputtfi
J
sahle SiLA SE.SA.A tasdk Kiichler Beitr. pl. 6 IApu v.; (mng. unkn.); lex.*; I, II.
i 10, cf. ibid. 7, 20, AMT 16,1:6, AMT 49,6 r. 7, kusum(u+prRIa) (var. ku-uPpS) = Sa-a-qu,
AMT 20,1 obv.(!) i 19, and passim beside sahil, kugum.tag = la-a-pu, kuium.tag.tag = na-
wr. ZiD.SE.SA.A ibid. 20; kas~ kima E.SA.A a-[q]u (var. la-a-qu) Imgidda to Erimhui A 17ff.,
vars. from Erimhus II 9ff.; ki.tag.ga = la-a-pu
taqallu you roast cress (seed) like roasted 5R 16 and dupl. (group voc.).
barley AMT 36,1:7, cf. (various medications) tu-la-a-pa 5R 45 K.253 ii 26.
itti SE.SA.A tasdk AMT 14,1:3, cf. also AMT
73,1:19 and dupl. Kocher BAM 124 i 13, also AMT laputtfi (luputtu) s.; 1. steward (as epithet
61,2:11, CT 23 42:10, Kocher BAM 124 ii 10, of a god or ruler), 2. lieutenant (as officer
186:27; note me kasuti KAS SE.SA.A tanaqqi in charge of workmen and soldiers), 3. mayor
you libate cold water (and) beer (flavored) of a city; OAkk., OA, OB, MB, SB, NA;
with roasted barley LKA 70 i 25. Sum. lw.; wr. syll. (lu-pu-ut-tu BBSt. No. 8 iii
13, MB kudurru) and (LIT.)NU.BANDA (NU.
2' flour: si-ik-ti SE.SA.A powdered roasted BAN.DA, e.g., ARM 6 57:9 and VAS 13 89 r. 3).
barley AMT 8,7:3; 1 SiLA ZiD.SE.SA.A PBS l6.nu.b an.da = la-pu-ut-tu-u Lu Excerpt I
2/2 133:10 and 42 (MB); usually wr. ZiD.SE. 174ff.; li.nu.ban.da = la-pu-ut-t[u]-rul = ha-
SA.A, e.g., KUB 37 10:9, AMT 68,1 r. 20, AMT [za]-a-[nu] Hg. B VI 143, in MSL 12 226.
13,1:5 + 18,2:7, Kichler Beitr. pl. 6 i 22, CT 23
1. steward (as epithet of a god or ruler) -
43:25, Kocher BAM 323:7, 398:13, and pas-
a) referring to a god: zi.dEnsi.gal.abzu
sim in med., (in a rit.) KAR 66:16, also Biggs
nu.[banda] a.ab.[ba.ka] : nis dMIN la-
8aziga 54:16, dupl. ibid. 63 ii 7, wr. ZiD.NiG.
pu-ut-te-e tIm[ti] (be adjured) by DN, the
SE.SA.A ibid. 55 i 26, §E.ZiD.NiG.E.SA.A
laputti-officer of the Sea Country CT 16 9 iv
ibid. 30 (Bogh.), cf. ZiD.NiG.SE.SA.[A] AMT
lff.; dA.ba.ra.lah ... NU.BAN.DA AN.GUB.
51,1:7.
BA.MES RA 16 145:15; dEn.lil.lI.z[i] = NU.
The reading of SE.SA.A as laptu is based on BANDA.E.KUR.RA.KEx(KID) CT 24 6:20, dupl.
the one hand on the equivalence given in ibid. 22:118 (list of gods); nu.banda.mah
Rh. X, and on the other, on the alternation dMu.ul.lil.l.kex = la-pu-ut-tu-u si-i-ru
of SE.SA.A with lap-ti CT 23 10:19 and 14, dEn-lil-zi 5R 52 i 27f., dupl. (Sum. only) SBH
NUMUN lap-ti ibid. 19 and (beside ziD.SE.SA.A) p. 85:14.
24. However SE.SA.A (and ziD.SE.SA.A) may
also be read qald and qaldti, attested in Hh. X, b) referring to a ruler: ALAM Epih-il NU.
in the Practical Vocabulary Assur, and as a BANDA RA 31 143:3 (OAkk., Mari).
playful writing for the adjective qaldti
2. lieutenant (as officer in charge of
referring to sahl and kasu in med. texts,
workmen and soldiers) - a) in OAkk.:
e.g., sah-li-e SE.SA.A (= qaldti) la na-pa-a-ti
SU.NIGIN X GURUS NU.BANDA PN MDP 14 95
roasted, unsifted cress seed AMT 82,2:9 and
No. 47:5, cf. UGULA NU.BANDA ibid. 10;
dupl. Kocher BAM 138:12, and cf. sahle qaldte
[x Z]iD.SE PN NU.BANDA X ZID.SE §U.HA HSS
(wr. BIL-te) GAZI.SAR qa-lu-ti-ma ZID.SE.SA.A
10 86:3, cf. ibid. 17:4, 33 iii 3, 153 iii 31, 211:16,
roasted cress seed, similarly, roasted kasi-
X GURUS X MA.LAH:4 NU.BANDA PN ibid. 202
seed, roasted barley K6cher BAM 3 i 29. In
i 3, 5; for pre-Sar. refs., see, e.g., M. Lambert,
other occurrences beside sahld it cannot be Sumer 10 180f.
decided whether SE.SA.A stands for qal4ti
"roasted" or for either laptu or qals. "roasted b) in OA: 1 riksum x KU.BABBAR ,im
barley," e.g., sable t~enti ZID.SE.SA.A AMT annilkiu sa PN NU.BANDA a package con-
20,1 obv.(!) i 37, Kocher BAM 11:33, 398 r. 31, taining one mina of silver, the price of the
AMT 98,3:9, and sahle ZiD.SE.SA.A CT 23 tin belonging to PN, the lieutenant CCT 5
42:20, Kiichler Beitr. pi. 19 iv 8, K6oher BAM 41a:8, cf. 4ebultum <(a> NU.BANDA da rubdim
398:16, AMT 12,1:57, 16,1:1. the shipment of the lieutenant of the (native)
A. Salonen, Bagh. Mitt. 3 104f. prince ibid. 11, see Larsen Old Assyrian Caravan
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laputtft laputti
Procedures 57f.; PN NU.BANDA COT 1 15b:17, me: the lieutenant is not here, he has gone on
OIP 27 58:23, BIN 4 145:23, TCL 20 190:21, a journey Fish Letters No. 9:16, cf. ibid. 20;
cf. IGI PN NU.BANDA VAT 9285:15, cited Lewy, note: (in list of draftees and their substitutes,
HUCA 27 33 n. 115, also Landsberger Dergi 4 No. in summary) nam 9 PN nam dah 9 PN2 46
3:28. PI nu.banda PN3 46 PI dah nu.banda
PN4 CT 6 15 iii 8f., cf. ibid. 17 r. i 7f.; x Se.
c) in OB - 1' mentioned beside persons gur ni.kud <x> a. a.§uku uku.us.e.ne

of other ranks: (letter of Samsuiluna to) nam nu.banda PN mu.tum PN2 TCL 1
UGULA.MAR.TU.ME§(!) PA.PA.ME§(!) NU.BANDA. 58:3, parallel Cros Tello p. 188:3.
ME§(!) u. DUMU ].DUB.BA.A the generals, the 2' mentioned alone: [anu]mma PN NU.
captains, the lieutenants and the scribes BANDA n[itt]ardakkum now we have sent PN,
VAS 16 165:9, cf. (same sequence but the lieutenant, to you CT 33 20:18; kirim u
replacing last entry by UKU.U§) Kraus AbB 1 eqlum ... ana NU.BANDA nadi[n] the orchard
1:8 and 17; umma lu PA.PA ulu NU.BANDA and the field are turned over to the lieutenant
sab nishdtim irta i if either a captain or a YOS 2 57:5, cf. A.SA ... re NU.BANDA likil
lieutenant loses men by desertion CH § 33:40, ibid. 24; PN NU.BANDA (witness) YOS 5 126:32,
cf. ibid. 49, § 34:52 and 63; ERIN.DIDLI .a YOS 8 63:32, TCL 10 67:16, TCL 11 188:17, UET
NU.BANDA.ME§ U UGULA.MES la izzizuma (the 5 247 case 21, also (in lists) VAS 7 147:13, YOS 8
sustenance fields of) individual men who are 175:2, UCP 10 183 No. 110:7, JCS 5 89 MAH
under neither lieutenants nor (even) overseers 15882:5 and 10; PN la-pu-tu-um(!) (witness)
BIN 7 6:7; ana NU.BANDA.MES- u-nu 2 BUR. TCL 1 85:16, also, wr. la-pu-ut-t[u] MDP 23
TA eqlam idna give (pl.) two bur of land each 315:6; PN NU.BANDA DUMU PN2 (witness in a
to their officers (those of the inland fishermen, trial) PBS 5 100 iii 30 and 31, also VAS 13 20a
the fowlers, and the porters of the Samar r. 16, wr. NU.BAN.DA ibid. 89 r. 3, PN DUMU PN2
temple of Larsa) TCL 7 27:11 (both letters of NU.BANDA (witness) Gautier Dilbat 2 r. 9, VAS
Hammurapi); NU.BANDA U UGULA NAM.10.MES 9 217:3 (list); NU.BANDA PN Kraus AbB 1 91
issnimma VAS 16 104:21; kiri madutim r. 17, TCL 10 133 i 34, UET 5 645:1, 5, 7, 11,
NU.BANDA PN NU.BANDA PN, (rent of) an
cf. ibid. 2 and 12.
orchard (belonging to) a group of persons
(under) lieutenant PN (and) lieutenant PN2 3' having a second title or rank: IGI PN
BIN 2 77:8f.; (list of persons) PN PA.PA A GUDU 4 NU.BANDA BIN 7 212:20; 1 PN RA.
NU.BANDA.ME§ Speleers Recueil 228 r. 7, PN GABA NU.BANDA (preceded by rabidnu, as
NU.BANDA (witness, preceded by SAGINA, witness) Jean Tell Sifr 71:26 (= 71a:27); NU.
DUB.SAR) MDP 10 126:3, also (preceded by BANDA UGULA PN TCL 10 133 i 38; IGI PN
4ipir garrim) MDP 27 424:15, PN NU.BINDA DUMU PN 2 NU.BANDA UGULA Jean Tell Sifr
(witness, preceded by two judges) YOS 8 43:25 (= 43a:23); note: IGI PN NU.BANDA
150:27; (list of rations) ana bi-tum 1 GUR. UGULA(!) ibid. 45:28, cf. (UGULA replaced by
rTA1.AM 109 AE.GUR Sa NIG.iU PN NU. <BANDA> ra-bi si-ka-ti) ibid. 45a:29 (case).
9a arrum ana GN iddinu ana hablim u d) in Mari: assima GAL.KUD NU.BANDA
habiltim ... arram ippalu one gur per UGULA.10.LU Iu
L.UKU.US SI.sA diptam kiam
household, (in all) 109 gur of barley under addin ummami qaduma isiqti belija [zitt]i la
the responsibility of PN, the lieutenant, that taddinanim asak DN u DN2 asak RN u RN 2
the king has given to GN, they are responsible GAL.MAR.TU DUB.SAR.MAR.TU GAL.KUD U NU.
to the king for (any) wronged man or woman BANDA Zkul a allat LU.UU.US iteru I called
(who complains to the king or an official) together the captains, the lieutenants, the
Grant Smith College 269:17; PN rabi'dnam heads of platoons of ten men and the regular
itriinimma kam iqbiam umma Ama Nu. soldiers and issued the following edict (to
BANDA ... ul wadib ana girrim ittalak they them): you did not give me my share with
brought PN, the mayor, to me and he said to the lot due my lord - (any) general, admin-
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laputtfi laq pi
istrative officer, captain or lieutenant who f) in lit.: mu'irriakli la-pu-ut-te-e akkans
has taken the booty due a soldier has com- ki eliunu x-x-[x] RA 29 98:15 (MB lit.); ana
mitted a crime against Dagan and Itiirmer, la-pu-ut-ti-i (vars. la-pu-ut-te-e, [la-pu]-fil-
a crime against Samsi-Adad and Jasmah- te-e) izzazzu he used to oppose(?) an officer
Adad ARM 2 13:23 and 29, cf. ara GAL.KUD gurpu II 54.
U NU.BANDA.ME kam aqbi ibid. 12; ana
GAL.KUD U NU.BANDA.ME§ dannat[im as]kun 3. mayor of a city: PN ... [gud]apsi
I gave strict orders to the captain and the Nusku NU.BANDA GN PN, gudapsi-priest of
lieutenants ARM 5 72:11; urram mutertam DN, mayor of Duranki (i.e., the sacred quarter
mali riksi ... [a]na GAL.KUD.MES U NU. of Nippur) Hinke Kudurru ii 14 (Nbk. I), cf.
BANDA.MES lilqinim tomorrow morning they
PN NU.BANDA LU URU.KI GN TCL 10 112:13
may receive all the assignments for the (OB); NU.BANDA li imatma the mayor of the
captains and the lieutenants ARM 6 69 r. 5; city will die CT 39 33:47, cf. NU.BANDA li
ana L1.MES a bazahdtim danndtim aSkun u imaqqut a iqb la-pu-ut-tu-4 'na-gi-ru
d-niS
alisam Li suqdqz u L.NU.BANDA.MES utta'id ha-za-nu the mayor of the city will fall, as
I gave strict orders to the commanders of they say (in the vocabularies) laputti (means)
the outposts, and village by village I warned prefect or mayor CT 31 11 i 11.
the sheikhs and the lieutenants (i.e., the The term laputti is derived from Sum.
civil and military administrators) ARM 2 *labanda (pronunciation of nu.banda,
103:13, cf. GAL.KUD.M[ES] NU.BANDA.ME .. . see Edzard, ZA 55 100f.). In Mari it occurs in
sdbuSunu isanniqu ARM 5 40:11; LU.NU. connection with other titles known as military
BAN.DA ana GN u GN, aSpur I sent the ranks, such as the GAL.KUD "captain" (see
lieutenant to GN and GN, (in military con- ARM 2 13), see Sasson, The Military Establish-
text) ARM 6 57:9; [inu]ma mahrika ubu ments at Mari p. 15, and seems also to refer to a
[ass]um qsat [LIT].MES GAL.KUD.MES U NU. (military) commander of some villages (see
BANDA.MES awatum imqutannima ul aSalka ARM 2 103). In Babylonia proper and in
when I was with you the question concerning Elam, the laputti is likewise a member of
the gift for the captains and the lieutenants the army hierarchy under the PA.PA (captain)
occurred to me, but I did not ask you about and the PA.MAR.TU (general), see, e.g.,
it ARM 5 3:7, cf. GAL.KUD.MES NU.BANDA. VAS 16 165:9. But in OB proper the laputtu
MES sa be'rim ibid. 14; oil issued ana padcs is certainly also a civilian officer or inspector,
GAL.KUD U NU.BANDA to use for rubbing for as best shown in TCL 7 27:11 mentioning a
the captain(s) and the lieutenant(s) (parallel: laputti as an inspector of personnel of the
ana paas LT.UKU.U§.MES line 7f.) ARM 7 Samar temple. The distinction between the
49:2, cf. I SILA NU.BANDA PN (beside oil military and the civilian rank is difficult in
rations, sila for the GAL.KUD, 3 sila for the most refs. In MB the term laputti occurs
other persons mentioned) RA 47 122 i 6, ii 20, only in a standard formula in kudurru
iii 12, iv 14. texts. This shows that the title was already
replaced in daily usage by hazannu and
e) in MB and NB kudurrus: lu NU.BAN.DA preserved here for literary reasons. Generally
lu itzi u lu ajumma Sa illdmma any lieutenant, the term occurs together with words for
neighbor or other person who comes forward civilian ranks in the kidurrus.
(to take away this field) 1R 70 ii 5 (Caillou
For VAB 5 36:5 and 12 (= VAS 9 192) see
Michaux), lu LU.UGULA lu LU.NU.BANDA lu
cf. lapatu v. mng. le.
SAGINA u lu ajumma mr mammanama Ia For refs. in Sum. see, e.g., Falkenstein Gerichts-
illdmma BBSt. No. 4 ii 14, and passim in MB urkunden 3 150, Oppenheim, Eames Coll. p. 121.
kudurrus, also RA 16 125 ii 26 (NB), note lu For OB laputta as military rank, see Landsberger,
JCS 9 122 n. 13 and Date Palm n. 212.
aklu lu Adpiru lu NU.BBANDA MDP 2 97:11,
for other refs. see aklu A usage a. laq pi see liq pi.
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laqahu laqatu
laqahu v.; to take; EA; WSem. word. give (irrigation) water so that they may
x Lt.ME§ 4-bi-li-mi KASKAL.II.A tarri la- irrigate the field of PN, the sdsiru-vermin
qi-[h]u ina ugdri // ate GN x carriers for the must not pick up its seed YOS 2 115:10 (OB
caravans of the king have been taken in the let.); §E.ME ana la-qa-ti ina GN ittatlaku u
region of GN EA 287:56; [la]-qa-Luuntuunu iSriqu they departed for GN to gather
ibid. 36. barley and committed a theft (there) HSS 14
20:6 (= AASOR 16 76, Nuzi); ina appi liSdnisu
laqalaqa see laqlaqqu. i-laq-[qut] he will pick up (cress seeds as
punishment) with the tip of his tongue
laqtu v.; 1. to pick up, to glean, gather,
Iraq 12 187 ND 203 r. 5 (translit. only), also Iraq
2. to take away (by force), to subdue,
13 pl. 16 ND 496:29, cf. [ina KA] liS~nisu
3. luqqutu to pick up, gather, to collect,
i-laq-qut ADD 481 edge 1 (all NA).
4. luqqutu to plunder, strip (a house), 5. lus
taqqutu to gather little by little, 6. IV to be
2' referring to progeny, in transferred
destroyed; from OAkk. on; I ilqut - ilaqqat
mng.: iSdesu lissuha u SE.NUMUN-SU li-il-
(NA also ilaqqut) - laqit, II, 11/3, IV; cf.
qu-td may (Enlil and Samas) uproot him
Idqitu, laqqdtu, laqtu, liqtu, liqtu in rab
(like a plant) and destroy his progeny AfO 20
liqtdni, luquttd, malqatu, Salquttu.
45 x 46 (Sar.), and passim in OAkk. royal inscrs.
ti-il BAD = la-qd-a-tum MSL 3 218 v 12 (Proto- from Babylon and Elam, see Gelb, MAD 3 163;
Ea); la-d-tUtil Proto-Izi J 166a; [ri.ri].ga =
la-qa-tum Antagal C 123; ku-UKUD = la-qa-[tu]
gamaS u Itar SE.NUMUN- u li-il-qi-ta RA 9
Izi D iii 18; ku-ulKUL = la-a-qa-a-tu, la-a-ka-du 2:20 (Ur III), cf. [zerusu li-i]l5 -qi-ta Belleten 14
Izi E 239B-C; gu-ul KUTL = la-qa-tu Ea II 102. 228:51 (OA); s[E.NUM]UN-su [l]i-il-quI-ut RA
til.til = lu-uq-qu-tum Izi J iii 15. 31 144:25 (Jasmah-Adad), zera[hu] li-il-qu-tu
lag.bi an.ri.ri.ga = kir-ba-an-u i-laq-qa-at
AfO 12 366:33 (OB Malgium), cf. Syria 32 17 v 31
he will pick up its (the field's) clods Ai. IV i 28;
dim.me.er na.am.durun.na (var. na.am.gil. (Jahdunlim); Inanna zerasu lu tal-qi-ut
le.em.m,) ri.ri.ge.es : DINGIR.ME ina 4ahluqti RA 34 172:10 (Mari); isissu lissuhu u zerasu
tal(var. ta)-lu-ut // tal-qut // tu-am-[qit] you lil-qi-tu RA 16 126 iv 5, zerasu li-il-qi-tu4
(Nergal) have destroyed, variant: have cast down, MDP 6 pl. 10 vi 26, BBSt. No. 2 i 16, No. 4 iii 17,
the gods during the catastrophe 4R 30 No. 1: 22ff.,
var. from ASKT p. 125 r. 1f.,for other bil. refs.
No. 5 iii 37, No. 11 iii 1, ZA 9 386:7 (all MB ku-
durrus); umSu zerasu ina mdti lil-qu-tu-ma
with ri.ri, see mng. 5; DN suhus.a.ni bh.bu6 .
re 6 numun.na.ni h6.ga.ri.ri.ge : DN i4issu may (the named gods) destroy his name and
lissuh u zer'adu li-il-qi-ut AfO 20 37:41, cf. DN his progeny in (this) country Lyon Sar. 12:77,
numun.na.ni h6.til.le ibid. 38:45, and passim
also 19:105, 22:60; [PN] ... a ip-ri-ik i
in this text; numun.a.ni h6.til.la 16.a.bal.la
na.an.tuk.tuk : zeradu lil-qut-ma ndq me aj irli SE.NUMUN(text .BAL)-u li la-qi-it DN3 lu
may (Enlil) exterminate his progeny (lit. pick up rdbis PN (the donor) will not oppose the
his seed) so that he shall have no one to libate contract, (if he does) may his progeny be
water for him 4R 12 r. 33f. (MB lit.). destroyed (and) may 8amas be the rdbisu-
tu-laq-qat 5R 45 K.253 iv 19 (gramm.).
official (who summons him to judgment)
1. to pick up, to glean, gather - a) seeds, JCS 9 101 No. 98 r. 3 (OB); ana la-qa-at zer
grain - 1' in gen.: [k]upitu ina eqel ugari ... kaSddpi u kasSdpti ... ka sdpta lidkiZma
SE i-la-qat (if) a kupitu-bird picks up seeds in may (the gods) kill the sorceress in order to
a field in an irrigation district Holma Omen destroy the progeny of the sorcerer and the
Texts pl. 19 K.10234:6 (SB Alu); pi'azu Aa ina sorceress Maqlu II 196; note with iSdu and
qerbati i-laq-qa-tu pi-[... ] ana nambubdti pir'u: he captured the city rulers of Ur
akilat inib gippdti sanis[ma] the mouse who u sunuA-su-nu adimatiamtim Sapiltim il-qzi-ut
gathers [...] in the meadows mocks the and uprooted them (lit. gathered their roots)
wasps who eat the fruit of the orchards as far as the Lower Sea AfO 20 53:15 (Rimus),
Lambert BWL 216:48; m6 idinma eqlam &a also, wr. il-qi-ut ibid. 70:57 (Manistulu);
PN liq [?sa]-si-ru-um la i-la-aq-qd-at-si(!) piri'u li-il-qi-tu may (the named gods)
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laqatu laqatu
destroy his progeny AOB 1 24 vi 4 (8amsi- iii 23 (= BA 2 629, NA oracles); kt pan arri
Adad I), cf. piri'Su li-il-q(-ut Smith Idrimi 93 belija ma-hi-ri [ ... an]amuhiSunu liggapirma
and 94; ina qereb Akkadi ki-i-i li-il-qut lil-qut-su-nu-ti if it is acceptable to the
(obscure) VAS 12 193:17 (§ar tamhari). king, my lord, let [PN] be sent against them
(the rioters) and let him destroy them
b) other objects: hurasamina bob mahirim
ABL 794 r. 7 (NB).
i-ld-qd-at he is scraping together (all) the
gold in the Market-Gate TCL 20 131 r. 13 (OA); 3. luqqutu to pick up, gather, to collect -
kirbannam li-il-qii-<tu> let them pick up the a) grain, twigs: mu-laq-qit se-am (in broken
clods VAS 16 179:34, and see Ai. IV i 28, cited context) STT 71:37, see Lambert, RA 53 135;
in lex. section and kirbannu mng. lb; GA si-id- ana lu-uq-qu-ti a husdbidina ana bummumi
dim ta-la-aq-qd-at you pick up the .... .a hummamdtilina to gather their twigs, to
UET 6 414:6, see Iraq 25 183 (OB lit.); la-qit collect their sweepings Maqlu III 37, cf.
harpi a gatherer of carob pods (in broken ina tubginndti -laq-qi-tuhusdbea ibid. II 185.
context) Lambert BWL 216:39, cf. ta-laq- b) merchandise: a.l qdtija -ld-qi-it-ma
qa-ta (in broken context) ibid. 41; nuha I collected the ali'um-metal available to me
timmu qma i-la-qat the baker scoops out CCT 3 23b:14, of. sa iqqdtija ibSiu( -ld-qi-it-
flour (from the trough) Lambert BWL 158:24 ma I have scraped together whatever I had
(MA fable); sa-li-ip-tu userraba i-la-a[q-qa]t available CCT 3 24:30, TCL 4 15:19, cf. also
(the servant) brings in the tongs(?) (and) dudindtini nu-ld-qi-it-ma CCT 4 24a left edge 3.
picks up (the spilled food?) MVAG 41/3 64 ii 24
(NA rit.); habubeti sa dispa i-la-qa-ta-ni the
4. luqqutu to plunder, strip (a house):
bitum ld-qi-ut mimma la ezi[b] Mdriqg niSe'ema
bees which gather honey Weissbach Misc. pl.
5 iv 13 (NA); salmanisinail-qu-tu-t-ni sa 7 u 7
la nimmar the house has been robbed, nothing
ka.ssdpti salmanisina ana DN apqid they was left, we have been searching for the
thieves but cannot find (them) Bab. 6 187
have gathered figurines of them (the sorcer-
No. 7:17; inlmi tu.'u kaspam 1 diqlam ula
esses), I have delivered to Girra the figurines
of the seven and seven sorceresses Maqlu IV tezibam bitam tu-ld-qi-it when you left you
131; aqmikunusi ... al-qut quturkunu ikkib
did not leave behind a single shekel of silver
same I burned you, I gathered (even) your for me, you have stripped the house CCT 3
24:13, cf. [...] ekallim u-ld-qi-[tic] BIN 6
smoke (which is) an abomination to the sky
ibid. V 80; lil-qu-tu bissasun may (the gods)
214:7 (all OA); kumma bit awilim lu-uq-[qi]-ut
if a man's house is robbed Goetze LE § 37 A 18
pick up their tears ABL 1285:8 (NA); a-la-aq-
and B 1, see Landsberger, David AV 99, cf. bit
qd-ta burmdmi HS 1885:11, cited AHw. s.v.
warad ekallim ... ul-ta-qi-it he has robbed
2. to take away (by force), to subdue: the house of the palace-slave Kraus AbB 1
PN lemnis zteneppes mat Utem udabbab u 47:8 (OB let.).
UDU.mI.A-Su-nu i-la-qa-at PN continues to
5. lutaqqutu to gather little by little:
act hostilely, he disturbs the country of im.ma.an.ri.ri rsahl.ni ba.an.sum
GN and takes away their flocks Laessee
[im.ma.an].ri.ri [gis.ni ba.an.ti]l : ul-
Shemshara Tablets 83 SH 822:37; sdb matim
ta-aq-qi-tam-ma ittabah ahSu (blank = ul-
Sdti u Lt.MES Turukki ... il-q4-ut iSten
ta-aq-qi-tam-ma) ig-da-mar issiau he has
awilum ul usi he subdued the troops of this
gathered everything for himself but had
country and the Turukkf-people (and) not
to slaughter his (own) pig, he has gathered
a single man escaped ARM 1 69 r. 3', cf.
everything for himself, but has used up his
g[i(?)]-iz(?)-za-ti(?) la-aq-ta-at ARM 1 129:24; (own) wood Lambert BWL 236: 17-19.
la-qi-ta GN the city of GN is conquered
EA 274:15, cf. la-qi-ta gabbi m[dt]dt darri 6. IV to be destroyed: Sumsu lihliq lil-
blija EA 284:7; ajdbika ... la al-qu-ti~ did la-qit zdr.u may his name perish, may his
I not destroy your enemy? Craig ABRT 1 25 progeny be destroyed BBSt. No. 36 vi 51.
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laq'u laqtu
laq'u see leqi v. A.RAK.MU§EN) issUZr DvMU LUGAL STT 341:8,
var. from dupl. KAR 125:2; qaqqad dribi salmi
laqianu s.; buyer; MA*; cf. leqg v.
qaqqad RAK.RAK.MUSEN the head of a black
sum-ma la-qi-a-nu [...] KAV 6 i 2 (Ass. raven, the head of a stork AMT 4,1:14;
Code C § 1), cf. k ... [la-q]i-a(!)-nu la idi KI.SAG.SAL.MUEEN // laq-laq-qa (in broken
AfO 12 pl. 3 (after p. 54) No. 1:30, see M. David, context) AMT 5,1:6; note however KI.SAG.
Symb. Koschaker p. 123. SAL musen, SAG.SAL musen, SAG.PAza-ra-ah
liqitu (fer. Idqittu) s.; gleaner, person RIM musen, AMAR.SAG.PA.RIM musen, ar.
who picks up clods; OB; cf. laqdtu. ra.ra.ah musen = i-gi-ru-u Hh. XVIII
lu.e.kud.du = e-si-du-um, 16i.e.ri.ri.ga = 151ff., restored from unpub. dupl.; [DI R]AK.
la-qi4 -tum, lI.se.KIN.KIN = e-si-du-um OB Lu A RAK.MUSEN [...] CT 41 6 K.8203:9 (SB Alu).
183ff.; ld.lag.ri.ri.ga = la-qi4 -it kir-ba-ni
ibid. 180; [la]g.ri.ri.ga = la-qit kur-ba-ni Lu IV 2. (a name for female genitals): see
379; lu.lag.ri.ri.ga = la-qit kur-ba(var. adds Hh. XV, Hg. B IV, in lex. section.
-an)-ni Hh. II 350.
3. (a kind of eczema): see Erimhus VI 231,
a) gleaner of barley: see OB Lu A 184, MSL 9 96:162f., in lex. section and see laq:
in lex. section. laqtu.
b) person who picks up clods: see OB Lu, laqlaqtu (laqlaqqatu)s.; dandruff, eczema;
Lu IV, Hh., in lex. section; la-[qi-it] kirban SB*; cf. laqlaqqu.
nim TLB 1 46:23, wr. LU.LAG.RI.RI.GA [la].ga = laq-laq-qa-tu (var. laq-la-qa-tum,
TCL 1 174:4 (OB); uncert.: LU rRIl(?) kir-ba- preceded by laqlaqqu, q.v.) Erimhus VI 232.
an-nu M1l. Dussaud 1 205:7 (let. from Car- If a man's head has kurdru-eczema kurdrSu
chemish). tugallab laq-laq-ta-s4 tatabbal you shave (the
area of) his kurdru, you take off his flaking
c) other occs.: 3 SAL.TUR la-qi-ta-at pu-ri
skin(?) (wash it with beer) Kocher BAM 156:27,
three girls (as) gatherers of .... Loretz, AOAT
dupl. AMT 5,5:6, cf. la.ga sag.du.mu
3/1 41:33, also Iraq 7 55 A 974 and 56 A 982
Ugumu I 49, la.ga ge9tit.mu ibid. 145, see
(Chagar Bazar).
lags'u.
laqlaqqatu see laqlaqtu. laqqtu s.; gleaner(?) (occ. only as personal
laqlaqqu (raqraqqu,laqalaqa) s.; 1. stork, name); OAkk.*; cf. laqdtu.
2. (a name for female genitals), 3. (a kind La-qd-tum QA.SU.DU 8 PN the cupbearer
of eczema); SB; wr. syll. and RAK.RAK. OIP 14 51 ii 5.
MU§EN, A.RAK.MU§EN; cf. laqlaqtu.
laqqiqu s.; (a stone); pharm.*
u 5 .sig 7 muien, a.ra.ak.a = ra-aq-ra-qum
Nabnitu XXII 236f.; [...] musen = raq-raq-qu
[NA 4 x x] : NA 4 laq-qi-qu // pi-i[n-du] sd IA
= la-qa-la-qa Hg. C 25, X.TU.[x musen] = [r]aq- NA4 .ME§ MSL 10 72 D 13 (Uruanna).
raq-qu = la-aq-la-qu Hg. D 336, in MSL 8/2 176. laqqu adj.; (mng. uncert.); OB lex.*
uzu.za.ra.ah laq-[laq-qu] Hh. XV 215;
Uzu.SAG.PA.KIL = laq-laq-qu = ma-aq-la-lu Hg. B 1 ir.gig = la-aq-qt (between labsu and laSu,
IV 26, in MSL 9 34; [za.r]a.ah = laq-laq(var. -la)- q.v.) OB Lu B iii 44.
qu, [la].ga = laaq-qa-tu (var. laq-la-qa-tum) laqqu see lakku.
Erimhui VI 231f.
la.ga = guri4tu, [1la.ga, [za].ra.ah = laqlaqtu adj.; picked up; SB; cf. laqdtu.
laq-qu MSL 9 96:162f. (list of diseases).
numun.til.[la], numun.ri.ri.ga = [MIN]
1. stork: abnu dikindu kima kappi raq- (= ze-rum) laq-tu Izi E 247A-248.
raq-q MUEN the stone which looks like the bitu Aa RN ipubu RN 2 la-qi-it zeri ustalpit
wing of a stork (is called arzallu) STT 108:26 the temple which Mesannepadda built,
(series abnu ikindu); raq-raq-qi MUEN (var. Nanna, whose seed was cut off, desecrated
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laqfi lara
Lambert BWL 280 r. iv 14 (proverb), cf. Sum. CT 14 48 Rm. 328 ii 5, la-ar-du (among mate-
parallel: 6.babbar Me.silim.e mu.un. rials for a ritual) BE 8 154:5.
dt.a An.na.ne 1u.numun.til.til.la su. Landsberger, MSL 1 224; (Thompson DAB 17).
hul mu.un.diu.a E.I. Gordon, BASOR 132
larsinnu s.; hoof or hock of an animal;
p. 29.
OB, SB; cf. larsinnu in a larsinnati.
laqt see leqi v. Aumma la-ar-si-nu-[um] a imittim palat
if the right 1. is perforated YOS 10 47:70 and
**laqu (AHw. 538b) see nqu "to run." 48:7 (OB ext.); la-ar-sin-ni ahi Sa Sumeli
tur-dr you char the left 1. of a pig AMT 19,2
larandu s.; (a predatory animal); SB.*
ii 2 + 63,2:9, dupl. Kocher BAM 148 r. 3.
min-di-nu = la-ra-an-du Izbu Comm. 214.
Meaning suggested by the Sum. equivalent
ana UDU.NITA la-ra-an-du sa KUR ul i-ru- ma.an.zi.l (see larsinnu in Sa larsinndti),
fbul the 1. of the mountain will not come in used in parallelism with duo.sa.dar.a, lit.
to (attack) the sheep CBS 121:9 (unpub. lit., "split foot(print)," see MSL 12 188 ad ii 37
courtesy E. Leichty). and 39.
lardu s.; (a plant with high alkali content, larsinnu in 6a larsinnati s.; club-
used as soap); SB, NB; wr. syll. and P.KI. footed(?), cloven-footed(?); OB lex.*; cf.
KAL.HI.Ri/RI(.IN). larsinnu.
[U.KI].KAL = [8a-as-sa-tu], [U.KI.KAL] = [lardu] l6 ma.an.zi.le(var. .1) = Sa la-ar-8i(var. -8i)-
Hh. XVII 33f., restored from u.KI.KAL.hi.li.a = na-tim OB Lu A 80, also OB Lu B ii 39, var. from
la-a-a-ri-tu (var. la-ar-tum), d.sag = la-a-ar-tu OB Lu D 31.
(var. la-ar-tum), .sag.kal = §u-ma (var. KI.MIN) larsua adj.; from Larsa; NB.
RS Recension 24ff., cf. [6].hi.ri.in, u.kun.gal,
u.ses.gal = KI.MIN (= sassatu or lardu) Hh. XVII kaspu LU la-ar-su-u-a ul iddinunu GCCI 2
35ff.; 6u.dug.ga = ziq-qu = la-ar-d[u] Hg. D 225, 398:4, cf. silver lapan Lt la-ar-su-a-anasa'
also Hg. B IV 195, in MSL 10 104f.; [hi-ri-in] 82-7-14,1384:3.
[t.KI.KAL] = sa-as-sa-tum, [1]a-ar-du Diri IV 20f.;
U.KI.KAL = sa-su-td, la-ar-du Practical Vocabulary larfi s.; branch, fork; OB, MA, SB; wr.
Assur 112f.; (t.KI.KAL : i si-8a-tum, .KI.KAL. syll. and PA.
BABBAR, i MIN HI.Rf.IN, [u.HI.R]I(?).IN, [...] : U a
[pa-a] [PA] = artu, la-ru-u, hatu S Voc. N 7'ff.;
la-ar-du Uruanna I 127c-f.
gis.gi.gil.an.na = la-mu-u, la-ru-[4], i-pi [MIN]
u.hi.ri.in.ta i.ni.in.zub : i-na la-ar-di u4-
Hh. III 498ff.
bi-ri4 he dripped alkali over him (and sprinkled
water on him) Ai. VI i 42. a) branch of a tree: qimmate .a la-re-e
U qul-qul-la-a-nu : As la-[d]r-[du(?)1 Uruanna inbe u pir'e the crowns (of the trees) with
III 138; iT KI.KAL II ... t a-ra-an-tum // u la-ar-du
RA 13 30 r. 7 (Alu Comm.).
branches, fruit, and foliage AfO 18 302 i 9 (MA
inv.), cf. ina muhhi la-re-e aniite ibid. 30,
[k]Zim uttati la-ar-da kimi me idrdna also 8 la-re-e ibid. 2; [li]kabbibala-ri-ki may
liSabSi may he let 1. appear there instead of he bend your (the cursed forest's) branches
barley, alkali instead of water BBSt. No. CT 46 26:6' (Gilg.), see Landsberger, RA 62 122;
9 ii 12; etebib azzaku kima la-ar-di I have (a plant) 7 SAG.DU-gi dami ereni Sa 7 la-ru-u
become shining and clean as (with) 1. (pre- AMT 88,2:9.
ceded by etelil kima sassati) Maqlu I 26; ums
b) fork of a horn: if a ewe gives birth to
ma U la-ar-du itebi if 1. takes over (a field)
a lion and it has horns qaran imittidu la-ra-a
CT 39 9:13 (SB Alu); umma ina muSpali dli
irdi and its right horn has a fork Leichty Izbu
Ti.KI.KAL.HI.RI.IN innamir if 1. is found in
V 18, also (with the left) ibid. 19, cf. 26f., also
the low ground of a city CT 39 12:17, also ibid.
qarndu Sa imitti u Aumeli la-ra-airbd ibid. 28.
13 K.2011: 1; .KI.KAL.HI.Ri(var. adds .IN)
(in medical prescriptions) Kocher BAM 3 iii 32, c) branch, bifurcation of the false rib of
var. from CT 23 43 ii 28, cf. U la-a-[a]r-[du(?)] a sheep: sikkat slim Sa imittim la-ri(var.
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larfa lasamu
adds -a)-am irdi YOS 10 48:31, (with the left) is a design (usurtu) in the "palace of the
ibid. 32, var. from dupl. 49:3f. (OB behavior of finger" KA-S 2 PA.MES irsima 1 PA- ser
sacrificial lamb), cf. summa si (abbreviation imitti SU(!).si(!) Sand PA-U sir umel ubani
for sikkat selim) Sa imittim/umelim la-ri-a-am isbat and its top has two branches, one
irSi ibid. 45:69f. and 37; umma sikkat seli a branch connecting the back of the right
imitti ina residu PA irSi CT 31 18 obv.(!) 22ff. side of the "finger," the other branch the
and dupl. 49:30, also, wr. la-ri-a ir-Si KAR back of the left side of the "finger" BRM 4
432: 1ff.; [Summa KAK.T]I Sa ZAG/GUB kima 12:71, cf. (with three branches) ibid. 38f.; if a
kibirri la-ri-a irdi KAR 432:7f., also, with "foot" esretma KA-Sd PA irSi is drawn and its
the explanation: ki-bir-ri // nun-na-tum top has a branch CT 20 33:84, also ibid. 51,
CT 31 17 K.7588 r.(!) 2, cf. PA ir ima KA PA-i cf. GiR PA-a GIS.HUR ti-ba Boissier DA 45:9.
kima nun-na-tum ibid. 3 (SB ext.). Denner, WZKM 41 212f.; von Soden, Or. NS 16
450f., 18 403.
d) branch (of a feature in the exta) -
1' in OB: summa martum la-ri-a-[am] iu laru§§u s.; (mng. unkn.); SB.*
if the gall bladder has a fork YOS 10 11 v 12, la-ru-usA.AB.BA (in broken context)
if the diaphragm la-ri-a-am idu ibid. 42 ii 64; Gilg. IX vi 27.
DId AS la-ri-a-amirdimau paddn Sumelim ibir
if the foot(?) has a branch and it crosses the lasamu v.; 1. to run fast, to travel fast,
left "path" ibid. 44:13, cf. ibid. 52; 9ulmum 2. to move around with great speed (often 1/3),
la-ri-am nadi ibid. 61:4, and note wr. PA 3. to serve as a runner, 4. sulsumu (lex.
ibid. 1; [... la-ri]-a-am ir.ima la-ru-um ana only); from OB on; I ilsum (alsamuni
[.. .] ibid. 17:96. ABL 382:14, NA) - ilassum, 1/3, III, III/2;
wr. syll. and KA ; cf. Idsimu adj. and s.,
2' in MB, SB: if the "path" is double lasmu, lismu, lismu in Sa lismi.
AN.TA-i ana KI.TA-i KI.TA-4 ana AN.TA-i PA ka-as KA4 = la-sa-mu Sb II 19; [la)-sa-muKAs 4
irdi and the upper has a branch toward the Proto-Lu I 427; ka-mas KA§4 = l[a]-s[a-mu] Anta-
lower, the lower toward the upper TCL 6 5 gal III 114; a nu.ug.gAl.bi kag4 .ab.b6 =
r. 1,cf. gumma paddnu 150-9u ana KI.TA-nu pa-ri(!)-is i-la-su-um CT 18 50 iii 15f. and dupl.
CT 19 33 80-7-19,307 iii 6f., cf. A.nu.ug.gal.
PA-a irgima PA.BI DAG ... ittul if the left
kas.ab.b6 = pa-ri-is i-la-as-su-um Antagal III
side of the "path" has a branch and that 205; [kas 4 1.dug 4 .ga.ab, kas 4 g[a.a]b.dug 4,
branch faces the "seat" CT 20 28 K.219+ :11, [kal 41 [h]e.ib.[dug 4l = lu-sum OBGT VIII 1,
and passim illustrated by a diagram in this text; followed by a paradigm of ka64 .dug,4 lasamu and
la-ru-4 : ki-git-tum a branch (portends) con- Julsumu, note lu-us-ma-am ibid. 4, lu-sum-um
ibid. 16, lu-us-ma-as-sum ibid. 19, [lu-u]s-ma-am
quest CT 20 40:29 (ext. with comm.); umma a-na se-ri-ia ibid. 31, i-la-sum ibid. 37, il-sum
paddnu AN.TA PA nadi CT 20 45 ii 24, and pas- ibid. 52, il-ta-ds-ma-[kum] ibid. 60, for other forms
sim in texts concerned with padanu, cf. paddn 15 see mng. 4.
ana paddn 150 PA iri PRT 20 r. 4, and passim SAR = la-sd-[mu] (followed by nerrubu) Erimhus
III 71, also Antagal III 66; SAR.[... ].x = la-s[a-m]u
in PRT; paddnu 2 sa imitti PA TUK JAOS 38
(followed by nerrubu) Erimhus III 163; [hubb].
82:13 (MB report); Summa manzazu PA iri SAR = la-sa-mu (in group with rapadu and napaltu)
(as title of a chapter) TCL 6 6 iii 10; Summa Antagal E a 10, HtJBhu-b.S[AR] = [MIN (= la-sa-mu)]
.ulmu ana idi marti PA irgi TCL 6 3:2; Summa Antagal III 115; hub.ze = hlub.duSAR = la(var.
masrah marti PA irima PA.BI ana imittif adds -a)-sa-a-mu Emesal Voc. III 15; gu-um-gu-
um-ka-as U,+KAS4 = la-s[a-mu] A V/1:79 and
gumeli se-ri-a CT 31 26:7f.; umma res- Ea V 16; KAR = la-sa-mu-um Proto-Lu 725;
manzazi ana 150 ana libbanu PA ir ima u ka-ar KAR = la-sa-mu A VIII/1:218, with comm.
PA.BI idid manzazi ul ittul if the top of the ka-ar <//) KAR [// ... ] ni(!)-ru-bu // la-sa-mu RA 6
manzazu has a branch directed inward at the 31 AO 3555:20f. (A VIII/1 Comm.).
right and that branch does not face the base ka.da ka.ar ... dInnin za.a.kam : la-sa-
mu-um ne-ru-bu-um . .. kdmma Itar Sumer 11
of the manzazu Boissier DA 19 iii 38, and pas- 110 No. 4:1 (OB lit.); mu.lu.bi ki ka§4 .dug 4.
sim in this text; referring to designs: if there ga.na li.bi.ir mu.un.SI.A.[...] : nizsu aar
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lasamu lasamu
il-su-ma gall4 uka.si[88indti] the galli-demon has (shooting) star shoot from my right and pass
driven its inhabitants to wherever they fled LKU to my left STT 73:87, also ibid. 98, see Reiner,
14 ii 19f.; imin.bi kur.mi.ga.ta bu.ub (var.
hib) mu.un.SAR.SAR.e.de : sibittisunu ina sad
JNES 19 34.
ereb Samsi il-ta-na-as-su-mu the seven of them c) said of animals and birds: [four]
race about on the sunset mountain CT 16 44:98f.;
mas.da gfd.da.bi hub mi.ni.ib.fu.[s] : sa-
beautiful horses Aa i-la-as-su-mu--[ma]
ba-a-tu ina diddisu il-ta-na-a8-[8u-ma] gazelles run that know how to race EA 22 i 1, see also
about along its sides SBH p. 92b r. 22f. Ebeling Wagenpferde 37 Ko r. 12, in lex. sec-
KAR = ner-ru-bu, la-sa-mu Izbu Comm. 490f.; tion; if a horse ana ekal rubi ina ramaniSu
ra-pa-du // Sa-nd-e [...] [i-la]-as-su-umAfO 21 pl. 9
KAS 4-ma TU races of its own volition toward
Tablet Funck 2:9 (Alu Comm., to Tablet XXII),
see Landsberger Fauna p. 51; [... -m]a // la-sa-mu the palace of the prince and enters it CT 40
CT 41 28 r. 19 (Alu Comm., to Tablet XLII); 36:57, also 58, 37:60f., 63; siska ina narkabti
§U.A§(?) = i-la-su-mu Ebeling Wagenpferde 37 lu saruh la-sa-mu(var. -ma) the horses
Ko r. 12. (hitched) to your chariot will be splendid in
1. to run fast, to travel fast - a) said of racing Gilg. VI 20, cf. 7 KASKAL.GID la-sa-ma
human beings: a-la-sum ul ele'i k[asdssa] taltimeSsu you have decreed for it (the horse)
though I rush I cannot catch her JCS 15 8 to run for seven double miles ibid. 55, cf.
iii 4 (OB lit.); a-la-as-su-ma-ku--nu-Si I will also aruh la-sa-ma-am BiOr 11 82 LB 2001
run for you (pl.) EA 357:76 (Nergal and obv.(!) 2 (OB inc.); the dog dan la-sa-ma-am
Ereskigal); annid annitu si i-la-as-su-ma (see kabbartu usage d) VAS 17 8:1 (OB inc.);
arkija whoever it is, man or woman, al-su-um (in broken context, said by the
who runs after me PBS 1/2 120:1, cf. Rm. wolf) Lambert BWL 200 i 9; mules Sa sits
329 in Bezold Cat. p. 1604; la-a-as-ma-a bur. muru la-sa-[ma] (var. a-la-kam) which are
kdja eli isscrati S~t agappi my knees are of impetuous speed BMS 60:15, var. from
moving faster than winged birds Lambert KAR 246:12, see Laessoe Bit Rimki 57:63;
BWL 192:17; mar sipri ... la-si-mu <(bir> if a snake on the street ana pani ameli
bir-ki RA 41 38:19, see Ebeling Handerhebung xAS4 -um-ma speeds toward a man CT 40 21
118; ul ki Sa pani la-sa-an-si his speed in Sm. 936:8, cf. CT 38 35:41, also (said of a
running was no longer what it had been pizallurtu-lizard) CT 38 42:60; if a fox howls
before Gilg. I iv 28; kitpulum la-sa-mu u at the right of a man ta-he-e LU KAS 4-um
tabdk hatti fighting, racing, and .... the Sm. 67+ :3 in Bezold Cat. p. 1378; if a man
stick (among games) RT 19 59:13 (MB lit.); leaves his town aSar panusu saknu itbima
la-sa-ma u kalama ale'i TuL p. 16:16; lu-us- draband ina pani ameli KA 4 -um and moves
ma kima sabti run like a gazelle Kocher BAM in the direction he wants to go and an
248 iv 2; ki murani ... a-la-su-um urkika draband-bird rushes against him CT 40 50
I follow you running like a puppy BMS 18:12 K.8682+ :20, cf. ibid. 23, 26, cf. also mehret
and dupl. KAR 347:10, see Ebeling Handerhe- ameli il-su-ma-am u ana arkiS9 ihhis rushes
bung 92; PN, who was held prisoner in the against a man and then moves back ibid.
king's storehouse, broke his iron fetters K.4001+ :52 (SB Alu); lu kudurrdnu u dras
il-ta-su-um u arkiSu ki ni-il-su-mu and ran band lu kappa-rapu lil-su-ma-am-ma (see
off, and when we rushed after him (he drew draband) CT 39 24:29, also LKA 138 r. 6, etc.
his sword on us) YOS 7 88:17f., cf. ultu bit
2. to move around with great speed
kare il-su-um-ma ibid. 198:17 (NB); in broken (often 1/3): if the patient libbi libbi i.assi
contexts: i-la-as-su-mu-ma ikagsadu CT 22 itbima il-su-um cries: "My belly! my belly!,"
48 r. 22, see BoSt 6 88, i-la-as-su-um Lambert
gets up and runs around Labat TDP 124 iii 26;
BWL 192: 2; [il]-su-um-ma VAS 1 69:5 if a fox ina ribiti il-su-um runs (madly)
(Shalm. IV?). around in the city square CT 40 43 K.2259+ r. 7;
b) said of stars: MUL TA ZAG.MU lil-su- Summa ahdti ina suqi il-ta-na-su-ma [...]
ma-am-ma ana ,umiliia litiq may the if pigs race around in the street CT 38
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lasimu lasimu
46:103, wr. KAJ 4 .KAS4 -mu ibid. 4ff. and 45:4 lasimu s.; express messenger, (military)
and 7 (SB Alu), wr. KA§ 4 .MES-ma Leichty Izbu scout; from OAkk. on; pl. lasimu and
XXII 13'; if dogs in the street KAS4 .KAs 4-mu ldsimiitz; wr. syll. and LU.KA§ 4 (also LIj.
CT 38 49:10, cf. NIGIN.ME§-ma KAS 4.KAS4 KA§ 4.E/A and LU.DU.E/A); cf. lasamu.
ibid. 13, sheep il-ta-na-su-mu CT 41 11:19, 6 .ka~4 .e = la-si-mu-um (followed by danum)
a stallion ina 5li u seri il-ta-na-as-su-um OB Lu B ii 3; lu.kas4 .e = la-si-mu-i, mar i-ip-
LKU 124 r. 21 (SB Alu). ri-im OB Lu A 44f.; 16.kaS4 = la-si-mu, u1.
ka'4.6 = Sd li-is-me Lu IV 345f.; 16.ka4.a =
3. to serve as a runner: may my lord la-si-mu Lu Excerpt I 243; sukkal.lu.kas.a =
reinstall me in my (former) office (piqittu) mar suk-kal la-si-mu Lu I 97; LIT.[KA§ 4 ], LU.KA§ 4 .[A/E]
,a ana abika al-sa-mu-ni ana kdaa ~(!)-ma(!)-a STT 385 iv 8'f.
u1.im.ma.b[i k]ur.ra im.ra uru.bi bu.
la(!)-al-su-mu just as I have served as a du.uk im.za (later version: [ld].im.ma.bi
runner to your father let me now serve you kur.ra im.ra.ah uru.bi bu.uk.tu.za): [la-
as a runner ABL 382:14f. (coll. K. Deller); the si-m]u-u ina KUR-i i-du-uk-ma URU-4u i-sa[b-bit]
brother of PN ina LU.A.SIG Sa ekalli i-la-as- he killed his runners in the mountain, seized his
town Lugale III 8; dumu ld.ad4 .ad(zA-ten).
su-mu is serving as runner among the kex(KID) dumu.lu.kas4.e dab.ba : DUMU hu-
messengers of the palace ABL 154:13, cf. I um-mu-ri DUMU la-si-mi i-ba-'a the cripple over-
have sent PN and his brother to the king takes the runner Ugaritica 5 No. 164:34'.
§a pani Sarri ... mah(i)runi itti Sarri ... mu-un-ner(var. -nar)-bu = la-si-mu LTBA 2
1 vi 19, var. from dupl. 2:355; bel bir-ki =la-si-mu
lil-su-mu whoever the king likes should serve
ibid. 2:397.
the king as a runner ibid. r. 8; Lj(!) ina
muhhi ramnisu i-la-as-su-mu-u-ni zaki any a) in OAkk., Ur III: PN LU.KAS 4 (called
man who serves as a runner of his own ld.kin.gi 4 .a.lugal in text) ITT 2/2 763 seal;
(volition?) is free ibid. r. 15; 40 LU GN ,sa PN LU.KAS4 (acts as ma Skim) ibid. 746:15,
issi sarri ... il-su-mu-ni forty men from GN see Falkenstein Gerichtsurkunden 2 No. 79; note
who had served the king as runners (and had sukkal LU.DU i lu.didli.me Chiera STA
left about a year ago for GN 2) Iraq 20 193 8 iv 8.
No. 43:8 (all NA); in broken context: sa
Sarri belija i-la-su-mu ABL 1382 r. 22 (NB). b) in OA: 2 TUG a-ld-si-me-e 9a hu-zI-nim
labbu im addin LB 1216:9 (unpub. BShl Col-
4. Sulsumu (lex. only): kas 4 dug4 .ga. lection, courtesy K. R. Veenhof), cf. (in broken
ni.ib, kas 4 ga.na.ni.ib.dug, ka§4 h6 . context) la-si-mu-tum TCL 4 130:6.
na.ni.ib.dug 4 = du-ul-si-im-Sum OBGT
VIII 22f., also u-ul-si-ma-aS-Sum ibid. 25, c) in OB: ana A.SA.HI.A LU.KAS 4 .E.MES
su-ul-si-ma-an-ni ibid. 28, ,u-ul-si-[ma-a]m kunnim (he has sent me) to establish the
a-na se-ri-ia ibid. 34, i-sal-si-ma-ku[m] fields of the express messengers OECT 3 80:1,
ibid. 62, us-tdl-si-ma-ku[m] ibid. 64. cf. A.SA-am LU.KA§ 4 .E.ME apul ibid. 7;
adum PN LI.DU.E concerning PN, the 1.
lasimu adj.; swift; SB; cf. lasdmu. (the king has ordered that he be given a field
duIr.aKA 4 = la-si-mu (preceded by Sanit) as gukussu-field) ibid. 36:5; letter of PN
Hh. XIII 381. LU.KAS 4 .E (to the king reporting on persons
a) said of horses: ki jdti lu la-si-im may sent to the king for his legal decision)
(the foal) be as swift as I am Lambert BWL TCL 1 2:4; I (the king) am sending you
1 RA.GABA LU.DU.E u AGA.US SAG (in order
218 iv 17, cf. murnisqika lu la-[si]-im JRAS
1920 568:17; Sa par la-si-[mi ... ] CT 13 to bring sheep to a new pasture) ibid. 4:13,
43 ii 12 (Sar. legend).
cf. PN RA.GABA LU.DU TCL 11 145:3; (letter
of the king) 1 LI.KAA4 .E attardam kima
b) said of birku "knee": birkija la-si-ma-ti issanqa[kkunusim]elippdtim ... [... ] I have
KAR 240:6, cf. ul dniba JSpki la-si-ma sent an express messenger, as soon as he
birkki STC 2 p. 77:29, see birku mng. lb. reaches [you, remove(?)] the boats (of the
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lasimu lasmu
fishermen) LIH 80:12; in my father's emiqi ana la-si-me bir-ki for the wrestler
household 1 KASKAL ina LU.KA 4 .E 1 KASKAL (this means) strength, for the messenger
ina A.GUD nillak we are performing one (this means) speed (lit. knees) CT 20 49:18
unit of service as express messenger (and) (SB ext.), cf. [ki]t(?)-pu-lu la-si-mu hamut [... ]
one as ox driver TCL 7 64:9; (a field) DA PN Lambert BWL 194 r. 5, cf. also (without me,
LU.KAS4 .E TCL 11 156:9; as witness: IGI PN the horse) DUMU la-si-me [...] [no] member
LIU.KA§ 4 .E Riftin 15:19, wr. LU.DU.E TCL 10 of the messenger corps [could function(?)]
49:16, VAS 13 59 r. 4; as personal name: ibid. 178 r. 5, and see Ugaritica 5 No. 164,
La-si-mu-um UET 5 719:2. cited in lex. section; lui.kas 4 lugal.e.[x]
(title of a composition) Rm. 618:9 (catalog of
d) in Mari: a traveling party arrived here
incipits), in Bezold Cat. 1627;as divine name:
from Babylon PN ina mare gallabi u PN2 ina
dLa-si-mu LUGAL URU(?) GN Sumer 23 191
NIM.MA 2 wardui a belija PN, u PN, 2 LU
(OB seal), cf. dKA 4 (as city god of GN) ibid.;
la-si-mu L Babili ilik idigunu (consisting
of) PN, from among people of galldbu-status,
PN2 , from among the Elamites, both servants
of my lord, PN3 and PN4, two express
ibid. 31.
8a
dLa-si-mu 9a Ur-gu-bi-eki 2R 60 No. 1:28;
as a geogr. name: dQa-an-nu URU.KAAki
4
messengers from Babylon, are attached to h) in early NB: in enumeration of offi-

them ARM 6 21:11; PN la-si-mu-um iksus cials: kalle nari kalle tabali Lj pani LU.KAS4
damma dulum belija ublam the express Lf <hal>-su-hi-li BBSt. No. 24:34; exemption
messenger PN arrived here and brought news granted to LIT.KAS4.MES LU.MA§.DA.ME§
about the well-being of my lord ARM 6 24:5, BBSt. No. 25:4.
cf. (in similar context) PN la-si-mu-[um ... ] i) in NA and NB: PN LU la-si-mu sa
PN 2 [...] ibid. 62:7, also PN mar iprim Ninua (witness) ADD 160 r. 2; as "family
Karkamid PN2 u 2 L .MES la-si-mu ikudinim name": mLa-si-mu TuM 2-3 83:15 (NB).
ARMT 13 131 r. 5'; in a list: PN la-si-im [...]
ARM 7 185 ii 3'. j) SUKKAL (LU.)KAS 4 : see Lu I 97, in lex.
section; SUKKAL KA§ 4 MCS 9 No. 233:11, also
e) in Elam: (exemptions concerning)
Deimel Fara 3 25 xii last line, see also Chiera
A.SA.HII.A-UU A.MI-U A.SA.HI.A SIPA.ME§ AGA.
STA 8 iv 8, cited usage a; (among officials
Us.MES wa-at-ta-ri A-mu-ur-ri-i u la-si-mi
his .... fields, fields (to support) shepherds, witnessing a grant) PN LV.SAG PNg LU.
SUKKAL LU.KA§ 4 PN LI.KIR4 .DIB PN LU.
soldiers, replacements, "Amorites" and mes- 3 4
SUKKAL PN 5 EN.NAM MDP 6 pl. 9 iii 18 (MB
sengers MDP 23 282:7; arki kubusse a at-ta-ri
kudurru), note that the same person (PN2 )
[la]-si-mi u zukkizukki (see kubussd) ibid.
has the title SUKKAL mu'irri BBSt. No. 4
206:27; A.SA a la-si-mi ibid. 170:13, 169:15,
i 11; note: temam anniam PN LU.SUKKAL.
and, wr. la-a-si-mi ibid. 42; as personal
KA.KAS4 uterram PN, the .... , has brought
name: La-si-mi MDP 23 199:11.
me this report Sumer 14 14 No. 1:34 (OB let.);
f) in Nuzi: one second-grade nebihu- in the title of an eponym limu PN LU.SUKKAL.
garment given to PN LU la-si-mu HSS 14 KAS 4 Sumer 12 36 vi 45 (Esarh.), KA§ 4 is to be
523:12; beer ana LU.ME§ la-as-si-mu.MES read sand, see Borger, AfO 23 24.
ibid. 135:16; barley given ana LU.ME la-si-
For a suggestion to read LU.KAS 4 in MB as
mu ana 8 ims ibid. 47:2, PN Lt la-si-mu
mu'irru, see Brinkman, PKB 300 n. 1967.
(among a list of persons called ibuiti 9a PN)
HSS 13 58:6; as personal name: La-si-mu lasmu adj.; running, fleet, swift; MA, SB,
JENu 829:15, 17 and 19. NA; fern. pi. lasmtu and lassamdtu; cf.
lasmu.
g) in SB lit.: Jumma ina cli LV.KA§ 4 .ME§ [mu].kai,.dug 4 .ga.ra ze.eb.ba nam.kd.ix
MIN (= madu) if in a town there are many : la-as-mu Ad bir-ka-i la in-na-ha runner, whose
messengers CT 38 4:80 (SB Alu); ana kitpuli knees do not tire 4R 9: 38f.
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lasqu la§§u
8 ar-mu.MES la-ds-mu-tu eight bucks (rep- la§qu (lasqu) adj.; meadow(?); Mari, SB.
resented as) running AfO 18 304 ii 28 (MA UDU.III.A-9u-nu ga ina la-as-q[i]-im ikkala
inv.); la-as-mu-ti mirnisq ... ina dameSunu elisma ugegeru they had the sheep which
gapSiti iSalld naris my running steeds graze in the 1.make their way to higher
plunged into their flowing blood as into a ground ARM 2 102:11; igtu Tulsind gadi
river OIP 2 45 vi 5 (Senn.); ina sepeja la-as- la-ag-qi birit GN GN 2 Weidner Tn. 4 No. 1 iv
ma-te ina paShi aduk I killed (lions) with a 25, 34 No. 22:6, wr. la-ds-qi ibid. 8 No. 2:18,
spear, (while) on my fleet feet KAH 2 84:124
(Adn. II), cf. ina Sepeja la-sa-ma-te AfO 3
also igtu Tulsind uadt la-dd-qi ibid. 36 No.
26:13.
160:25 (Assur-dan II).
The Mari ref. may represent a WSem.
In MAOG 1/1 50:15 read tcr-kas4 , see Biggs word for pasture, while in the Tn. refs. laSqu
gaziga p. 55.
may be an adjective qualifying add.
lasqu see lasqu. For HSS 913:18 see agldku usage d.
lat§u (lagsu'u) adj.; absent; OA, Mari,
lassamu see lasmu.
SB; cf. la4itu.
**lasu (AHw. 539b) see Sandsu. lu ir.is.sa = la-as-sum, la-ab-sum OB Lu B
iii 42f., u1 ir.gar = la-as-sum ibid. 45; lu al.
la§hu (lahsu) s.; jaw, inner jaw; SB. lib,.lib = la-a-[§u-4] OB Lu A 96 and B iii 23.
mu.x.x, BADsu-mun-zizI = la-das-Ju Nabnitu
uzu.me.ze.gudx(LAGAB).da, [uzu.me.z]6. IV 26f.
gal = la-d -hu (preceded by lah) Hh. XV 14-14a. ir.us.bar bBara.blra.ge ka.ab.ba.a.mes
(var. ka.ba.mes) : la-dd-c-c-ti (var. la-ds-§u-ti)
suknannima ina birit Sinni u la-d-hi Susi: mut-tag-gi-Si-ti Sd pi-gs-nu pe-tu-4 gd-nu they
banni install me (the worm causing tooth- (the demons) are aliens(?), restless, impudent (lit.
ache) between the teeth and the jaw CT 17 open-mouthed) UET 6 391:22, var. from KAR
50:16, dupl. AMT 25,1 i 6 (inc.); §a la-ds-hi- 24:12f.
(i> -im (var. sa la-dS-hi-im-ma) lu-uk-su-us wasbum u ld-su-um u qdti ld-gu-im ...
ku-sa-se-e-fu I will chew the pieces (of food ilqeu (see abu B) Hecker Giessen 34:41;
stuck) in the jaw CT 17 50:18, var. from AMT anndnum A.AA la-ag-gu-tim GN itti PN eteners
23,6:5; I pierced his jaw ina la-ah-si-Su (for riSma I have repeatedly claimed here from
laShiu) attadi serretu I put a rope through PN the field belonging to the absentees from
his inner jaw Streck Asb. 80 ix 107, also GN ARM 5 22:17; [this] contingent and the
Bauer Asb. 2 p. 45 K.3405 r. 10; la-d4-ha Sd second-in-command together with the con-
IM KI.GAR teppuS ana SID.MES sinniSu ZiZ.NA. tingent ana KASKAL la-ag-gu-[tim] ARM 5
AN (for ZiZ.AN.NA) turatta you make a jaw 70:15; la-a-u A.iA.HI.A qa-[... ] (in broken
of potter's clay, for teeth you embed emmer context) ARM 5 36:34.
kernels K.2450:8, cf. ana g1
la-dg-hi SAR-ah The translation is suggested by the con-
you blow (oil) into the (clay) jaw ibid. 10; trast to (w)aSbum in OA. The Sum. equiva-
ma-an-zu-u la-dg-hu Sapld the manzd-drum lents remain obscure.
is (his) lower jaw KAR 307:8, see TuL p. 32;
Dossin, ARMT 5 p. 139.
la-as-hi SAH.NITA (for fumigation) AMT
98,1:3, 99,3 r. 21; la-as-hi MUv <TAB GiR. la§§u (ldgu) v.; (there) is (are) not; OA,
TAB AMT 20,1 obv.(!) i 32; [...] la-ds-hi-Su OB, MB, Bogh., MA, SB, NA; only stative
idtOt aptu §aknat iStet Sinna ina libbi [...] (usually third person sing.) attested.
[...] are his jaws, he has one lip, one tooth a) in the third person - 1' in OA: PN
inside the [...] CT 29 49:26, restored from
ld-su ana GN ittalak PN is not here, he left
dupl. Sm. 1918 (SB prodigies).
for GN RA 58 120:9, of. PN ld-su ina ldcni
See discussion sub isu. waSab PN is not here, he stays in the villages
Holma Korperteile 24. JCS 14 20:19; (of the six garments of PN)
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lagfu la§§u
i'tin kunukkuSu la-Au-u there is none under mihirSu la-da-4u Craig ABRT 1 22 ii 6; qinnaSu
his seal ICK 2 337:5; kima emdrii ld-u-u-ni la-dA-s4 AfO 14 p. 305 and pl. 12 K.5299:10
BIN 4 1:6; we opened the strong room (Etana).
mimma immassartim ld-u there was nothing
6' in NA - a' in lit. and hist.: bela la-
in the strong room CCT 5 8b: 12; Simum ina
dA-si it (the chariot) has no rider ZA 51
mahirim la-u there is no trade in the
138:66; I took the desert road aar la-as-s4
market TCL 20 111:15, cf. BIN 4 15:6, and
Sammu Scheil Tn. II 63; dangerous moun-
passim; ana itatlim la-Su it is not possible
to sell for cash
tains Aa ... 44mu usabu ina libbi la-as-
TCL 19 49:6; qaqqiri ld-Au
the ground is cut away under me KT Hahn tu-ni OIP 2 156:3 (Senn.); ki sa zeru a
AN§E.GIR.NUN.NA la-as-JA-u-ni just as the
5:6.
mule has no offspring Wiseman Treaties 537.
2' in OB: amit RN sa mahiram la-as-9u-u
omen referring to Sargon who had no rival b' in leg. and adm.: tuaru denu dababu
RA 27 149:4 (ext.), see ZA 57 128; Sama la-as- la-ds-u ADD 802:11, also VAS 1 84:13, and
Au there was no sun Lambert-Millard Atra- passim in this phrase, wr. la-a-si ADD 246 r. 1.
hasis p. 94 III iii 18; Salmu atmAu la-as-Au-u la-d-Si ADD 476:2, la-4u ADD 452 r. 2,
mdria his young ones are safe but my [la]-a-dU Iraq 25 98 BT 126:9, etc., Ac L.GIS.
children are no more Bab. 12 pl. 14:17, cf. la- GIGIR.MES-ni la-da-su ADD 1041:13.
as-Su-u [mdriuu] ibid. 6 (OB Etana from Elam);
PN la-as-su-ma ul atrudakkussu PN is not c' in letters: uba'u la-s4 I searched (but)
here so I could not send him to you VAS 16 there was nothing ABL 242 r. 10; bel tabtija
136:18 (let.). ina libbiSunu la-d-Mu there is no friend of
mine among them ABL 2 r. 17; la-da-su iZtu
3' in Bogh.: parzillu damqu ina GN ina there is no damage ABL 348:14; memeni Aa
bit kunukkija la-a-aS-su there is no good libbu iakkanannini la-I-M there is nobody
iron in my storehouse in Kizzuwatna KBo 1 who would encourage me ABL 1149 r. 7; u
14:21. DUMt-a-a la-cds-s ... u LU.ENGAR la-dA-s4
4' in MA: summa assassu la-ds-su if he A GIS.ENGAR A.SA la-ds-s4 ABL 1285 r. 25f.
(coll. K. Deller); alpi la-d-su Iraq 18 49 No. 34
has no wife KAV 1 viii 33 (Ass. Code § 55); §a
r. 5 and 14, cf. ibid. 41 No. 25:18; summu ibaSSi
sinnilti hitu la-da-su there is no punishment
for the woman ibid. ii 24 (§ 12); summa ana
summu la-dc-Mu whether available or not
ABL 1201:6 and r. 10, also ABL 633 r. 7, cf. a
taddni la-da-Su if there is nothing to give
(as compensation to the creditor) ibid. v 32
ibaSuni Sa la-Su-u-ni ABL 125 r. 5; ki la-dS-
Si-u-ni ABL 605:8; parSumu Aa tensu la-da-
(§ 39), and passim in this text; Summa eqlu ina
ugar GN la-Su KAJ 153:20, also 155:20; tudru
su-u-ni an old man who has no good judgment
u dabdbu la-dS-su there will be no revocation ABL 3 r. 5; I had houses built there ina libbi
or claim in court KAJ 169:16, wr. la-as-Su
la-dS-su-nu there are no (people) in (them
170:15, wr. la-Su KAJ 63:18, and passim in
at the moment) ABL 414:9; la-di-9-4 mar
this phrase; mimmiiu la-dA-u KAJ 310:9,
Bdbili issen Aa taSapparuni is there no native
also 262: 10; summa siddu la-Au
of Babylon whom you could send? ABL 608
if there
are no covers (for the chairs) r. 3; sa irbini la-dS-4u because it (Mars) set
BE 17 91:10,
there is none (i.e., no omen) Thompson Rep. 21
see von Soden, AfO 18 368; ibaSSi u la-su ana
r. 4; riitu la-dS-s ABL 565 r. 11, see Neugebauer
PN u PN2-ma whatever there is (lit. what
there is or is not) belongs to PN and PN, and Sachs, JCS 21 200; la-Su-u-ma there is
KAJ 79: 19.
not ABL 480 r. 8; la-dci-M md (if) not (and
he says) as follows ABL 503 r. 14; mcar
5' in SB: inib kir aqra a ina mitija Bbili mukin~te Sa memeni Aunu la-d-Mu-u-
la-d-Au rare fruit that does not exist in ni are the citizens of Babylon anybody's
my country AKA 91 vii 25 (Tigl. I); arru servants? - no, indeed they are not! ABL
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la iitu la§u A
340 r. 11; note with personal pron. as copula: Since lasdu denotes absent persons, a mng.
elippeti la-a-Su-u ina there are no boats "empty, meaningless" suggests itself in the
ABL 330:10, etc., note in the optative: niqits cited passages.
taka issu pan KUR MuAkaja lu la-dS-si have
la§§u'u see laASu adj.
no worry on account of the country of the
Musku Iraq 20 183 No. 39:42. la'3u A (laSu) adj.; (qualifying copper
ore); lex.*
b) in the first or second person: summa urudu.sahar.si, urudu.sahar.ki = la-'-u
Id-u-wa-ku naspertam ana amtim liddinu (var. la-a-Sd) Hh. XI 338f.
should I not be present, they should give the (J. Lewy, Or. NS 21 407 f.)
message to the slave girl TCL 20 101:21;
inumi ld-Su-wa-ku-ni x MA.N[A] u eliS su la'tu B adj.; (mng. uncert.); SB*; cf.
harum ilqe when I was absent, the employee la'adu.
took x (silver) or more Jankowska KTK 11:2; dalhaku dulluhaku la-'-Ad-ku (var. [la]-6d-
aticramma ina GN I4d-u-a-ti I returned but ku) pardaku I am perturbed, distraught,
you were not in GN RA 60 143:19 (all OA). . . . ., fearful Schollmeyer No. 21:24, var. from
LKA 155 r. 13.
c) used to strengthen a negated verb:
la-das-s la illika ABL 769 r. 4, also 563 r. 1 and IBu A v.; to knead; OB, Bogh., SB; I
8(!), la-da-sc la ismeu la illikuni ABL 610:9, *ilu - ilds; wr. syll. and SID; cf. liu.
la-A-S4 sa la pi a Sarri la allak ABL 471:22, si-la SID = la-a-Au Ea VII 197; s[i()-l]a(l)ID =
la-das-s PN ana ajaliSunu la illak ABL 222 la-a-au (followed by lieu dough) Nabnitu IV 24f.
r. 17, etc.; la-da-su la nuSansa we absolutely tes.bi u.me.ni.I.HIr NfG.silax(§ID).gA u.me.
ni.silax : iteniA bululma flu]-uA-ma mix (the
cannot do it ABL 18:8, also 467 r. 20; la-dA-
ground cereals) together and knead (them) CT 17
Ai la emmarSu ABL 144 r. 5; la-a-Su la 22:134f.
emuruSu ABL 1085:5; la-ds-Ai memeni ina
libbiSunu la idicku indeed they killed none Sammi anniti ina sursumme sikari u KAS.
among them ABL 251 r. 4; la-das-s la nu- KALA.GA SiD-aS you mix these herbs with
[sa-a] Iraq 17 26:23'; la-as-Si4 la itahhi dregs of beer and strong beer (and cook in
Thompson Rep. 89 r. 5; memeni la-ds-su la-a a copper pot) AMT 76,5:8, cf. AMT 79,1 iv 8;
isammanni illaka there was indeed nobody ina A.GE§TIN.NA KALA(!).GA(!) SID-as Kichler
who would obey me and go ABL 885:20, Beitr. pl. 12 iv 7, ina me kast SID-a CT 23
la-d-S4 la iSammiu ... la iddunu ABL 610:18; 30:57, and passim in this text, wr. ta-la-aS ibid.
la-a-si la rehi ABL 1073 r. 4; la-dAs-u la 58, ta-la-a-as BE 31 56:25 and r. 46, ina A
tarisi ABL 312:8; la-d-sc4 izirtu la Satrat ta-la-as CT 44 36:11, ina Sizbi ta-l-as AMT
ABL 31 r. 1. 12,8:10, ina sizib usukkati SID-aA AMT 20
8,1:22, ina Sikari ta-la-ds AMT 20,1:6, and
See jdnu discussion section. passim in connection with liquids in med., note
Ad usage b: J. Lewy, WO 2 434 n. 6. sahle ina Sindti tulabbak ina ... sizib atdni
SID-as you moisten cress with urine, you
la tttu s.; (mng. uncert.); MA*; cf. knead it with mare's milk Kocher BAM 303: 13,
laSSu adj. also ina .NUN u NA 4 .SU.U.U SID-aS-ma AMT
mimma la-d-u-ta la tappalanni do not 9,1:36, ina Saman sirdi SID-as AMT 2,1 r. 10,
give me any empty(?) answers OIP 79 pl. 81 KI IM (= itti tidi) ta-la-a 4R 23 No. 4:15;
No. 2:11, cf. summa mimma(!) la-dd-Su-ta tta ka-si-i si-ku-ti-i[m] ... igtenil i-me-e i-la-as-
palbu u ar iA la tattannadu ana muhhi dudki ma ukasama he kneads powdered kasi
telli should you give him any empty(?) together with water, he cools it (unpub. OB
answers and not give him [the goods?] med., courtesy A. Shaffer); uncert.: [... ] ana
promptly, you will be fit to be killed ibid. libbi me kas ta-la-a[A(?)] KUB 37 26:3; ob-
3:15 (Tell Fakhariyah). scure: [... ] lu-uq-mu-ma lu-lu-u-ma lu-qud-
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1&Mu B lataku
ma let me burn [...], let me .... , let me Keilschriftmedicin pl. 2 K.9684 ii 8 + AMT 7,6:8,
ignite (it) Lambert BWL 144:34. for dupl. see latku adj. usage a; lugakil
ibamma gamma lul-tuk I will try out the
1~Au B v.; to taste, to lick; lex.*
plant (giving eternal youth) by giving (it)
uK(J(text NAG) = la-a-.u, KI(text NAG) = it-ti-la-'
to an old man to eat Gilg. XI 280, from CT
(in group with at) CT 18 30 iii 20 and dupl. RA 16
167 iii 34 (group voc.). 46 35.
Cf. Arabic lahisa, see von Soden, Or. NS 26 134.
b) oxen: alpi kilallen lu-tu-uk-ma examine
lataku s.; (mng. uncert.); SB.* both oxen RA 30 99:10; alpam ga PN ...
gumma amelu i la-ta-ki pasigma qaqqassu li-ils-tu-uk he should examine the ox of PN
gu[rdrasabit] if a man has been smeared with (to see whether it is fat) BIN 7 42:8 (both
oil of 1. and his head is full of pustules OB letters); GUD.HI.A §U.GI ... ana la-ta-ki
AMT 5,2:5, cf. amelu 9 kadip i la-ta-ki pagis paqdu old oxen are handed over to be
this man is bewitched, he has been smeared checked BE 15 199:42f. (MB).
with 1.-oil UET 6 410:29 (inc.), see Gurney,
c) other occs.: la-ti-ik ba-ri (it, i.e., the
Iraq 22 224.
ritual) has been tested and checked LKA 139
This word has been separated from lataku r. 18 and dupl. 140 r. 12; a qdt ummdni la-te-ek
"to test." One would expect Saman lataki to ba-r[i] AMT 19,6 iv 4, cf. (the ritual) lat-ku
stand for "oil (used in) witchcraft" or the KAR 61 r. 29; tu')m(?)-[ru] da asudi hur[sa]
like. lu-ut-ka check carefully on the ashes(?) of
the asidu-food ABL 874:9 (NA).
lataku v.; 1. to test, to try out, 2. to
check (measurements, calculations), to check 2. to check (measurements, calculations),
on work in progress, 3. to question, to put to check on work in progress - a) to check
to a test, to examine someone's mood, to (measurements, calculations): qand sa mu-
investigate, to be circumspect, 4. to try [a-... ] il-tu-ku 4 NINDA 5 [NINDA ... ] they
(to do something), to attempt, 5. luttuku measured the reeds for the [..., the length(?)
to try, to put to a test; from OAkk. on; I was] four to five nindas PBS 1/2 75:16 (MB
iltuk - ilattak - latik, II; cf. latku, litiktu, let.); ana la-tak bibli u nanmurti in order to
litku, maltaktu, maltaku. check (the computations for) the new moon
[...] KAXIM = la-ta-[ku] Ea III 107; [KAXIM] and the neomenia Bab. 4 112:65, cf. ana
= la-ta-a-kum Kagal D Section 8:10; [...]-x1 la-tak Zme (in broken context) ibid. 67 (SB
SAGXA = la-ta-ku-[um] MSL 2 154:13 (Proto-Ea);
astrol.); aI.GUR pa-nu-um ina EGIR(?) al-tu-
1 gin KAXA = Ai-iq-lam la-ta-kam CBS 11319+ i 19
(OB lex.), cited MSL 13 247 note to 8:8'. uk-ma a basket, I checked .... MKT 2 45
ana maltakti = ana la(!)-ta-ki STT 403:45 r. i 9, cf. ibid. 11 (OB math.).
(comm. on Labat TDP III).
b) to check on work in progress: dLAMMA.
1. to test, to try out - a) medications: JI.A ra-qi-du(?)-tim u sahirtam aa ki-[s]a-al
ammam sa himit stim ... al-tu-uk-,u-ma GIS.GIIMMAR a[n]a alakija li-il-tu-ku let
damiq I have tested the herb to cure the them check on the dancing lamassu-figures
setu-fever, and it is effective Finet, AIPHOS and the enclosure of the Date-Palm-Court
14 135:20, also ibid. 17, cf. ammi ... li-il-tu- before I come ARMT 13 16:8, cf. (the snake
ku-ma let them test the herbs ibid. 29 (Mari carvings) il-tu-uk ibid. 19:15; 1 KAS. T.SA PN
let.); teqgt ini aa Hammurapi lat-ku a salve a-na la-da-ki-im one (PI) of billatu-beer (to)
for the eyes, from (the time of) Hammurapi, PN, for checking (the work or the animals)
(it is) tested Kocher BAM 159 iv 22, cf. U.ME§ HSS 10 160 iii 8 (OAkk.).
... lat-ku herbs (for witchcraft), (they are)
tested RS 2 139:7; ana a)hdzi ... damiq 3. to question, to put to a test, to examine
lat-ku it is good for jaundice, (it is) tested someone's mood, to investigate, to be cir-
K6cher BAM 186:12, cf. 9 vf mu-si lat-ku Oefele cumspect: ina annitim tem ekallim lu-ut-kle-
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latanu lattu
ni-ma in this matter, check the mood of the latku (fem. latiktu, latuktu) adj.; tested,
palace KT Hahn 13:23 (OA); appunama la- checked; SB; cf. lataku.
ta-ak A(!).AA(!)-lim la issakkan please, no a) said of medications: bultu lat-ku Ja qdt
investigation of the field(?) should take place ummdni a tested cure from the hands of an
TCL 17 51:18 (OB let.); bell ina annitim i-la- expert Kocher BAM 303:24, also ibid. 8, 95:4,
ta-ak-su-nu-ti my lord will question them 152 iii 7, 168:81, [bul]-ti lat-ku-ti ibid. 174 r.
about this ARM 2 35:29; EN i-la-at-ta-kan-ni 35; meli lat-ku nisirti (LU).MAS.MA§ a tested
my lord will question me TCL 9 138 edge (NB poultice (which is) a secret of the conjurer
let.); RN ina bartim i-la-at-ta-ku-ka Zimrilim, AMT 40,2:9, dupl. STT 95:12, cf. 6 mell lat-ku-
they will put you to the test by a rebellion tum STT 57:30 and 58:1; lippi lat-ku tested
ARM 10 7:10; LT.MES a i-la-a[t-ta-ku-k]aana poultice Kocher BAM 3 iv 22; napsalatu tak
qdtika ... umall[5uniti] he will give into siranu lat-ku-tum baruti sa ana [s]u .ids
your hand the men who will put you to the proved and tested salves and bandages which
test ibid. 20, see Moran, Biblica 50 29; Sarru are suitable for use(?) AMT 105 iv 21, cf.
lu idi lu la-ti-ik massarti sa ramaniSu lissur gaba-r[itak-si]-i-ri lat-ku a ana [qdti] su-su-u
the king should be advised, he should be AMT 92,7:4, cf. also lat-ku sa ana su u-su-u
circumspect and on his guard Thompson Rep. Kocher BAM 161 ii 10, 322:44; qutaru sa uzne
245:6 (NB), cf. 244A r. 2, cf. Sarru Iu-u la- lat-ku a tested fumigation for the ears
ti-ik K.812:4 (report), but note Sarru ... lu Labat, RSO 32 118:16; 9 U.ME musi lat-ku-ti
e-ti-ik ABL 629 r. 12, 1006 r. 10, Thompson Rep. (var. latku, see lataku mng. la) ina GESTIN
103 r. 3 (coll.), cited eteku; obscure: nespes NAG.MES nine tested herbs for discharge, to
rdtim Id pd-tu-a Sa ku-nu-ki-Su i-ka-al a-ld- drink in wine Kocher BAM 164:17, dupl. 161
ta-ak I am holding the messages - they are v 2, cf. ibid. 177:7; see also lataku mng. la.
not opened - under his seal, I will investi-
b) said of finished products: annd busu
gate(?) ICK 1 183:21 (OA).
lat-ku this is tested busu-glass Oppenheim Glass
4. to try (to do something), to attempt: § 14:115; x parzilla zakd damqu nasqu lat-
nakrum imurma ana eberim 1-Su 2-$u il-tu-uk- ku [b]eru purified, good, choice, tested,
ma the enemy saw (it) and tried once or select iron STT 40:25, see Gurney, AnSt 7 130.
twice to cross ARM 2 30:7; il-tu-ku-ma ul c) other occs.: kal imi IZI la-tu-uk-tam
innasih they tried it, but (the dirt) could [ta]sarrap the whole day you keep a con-
not be removed ARMT 13 18:8, also 12. trolled fire burning Oppenheim, RA 60 31:15,
5. luttuku to try, to put to a test: gammas. see Landsberger, JCS 21 165 n. 116; KiD.KID.
DA-e IGI.DU8 .A.MES lat-ku-ti [....] checked
sammi sa tugabbalam lu-ut-ti-ik-ma test the
linseed which you are going to send me and tested rituals K.2596 r. i 6 (SB rit.), cf.
YOS 2 127:6; itti PN [4-la-a]t-ti-ik-ma damiq amru lat-ku Kocher BAM 42:49, 322:58.
I tested (the herb) together with PN, and it In Id at-kam iS-am la ipram ... ilqe
proved to be good Finet, AIPHOS 14 135:22; (obscure) BIN 4 10:25 (OA), both la's proba-
ana lu-ut-tu-[ki-iml [i-ul t]a-li-ka-nim you bly are negative particles.
did not come to test (the matter) Rowton, von Soden, Or. NS 20 162.
JCS 21 269 A 7535:10 (all OB letters).
lattu s.; (a container of standard capac-
In 9RT (Gray Samas) pl. 13 K.4795:9, cited ity); NA.
CAD sub sulapu, aS-su (or ina qdt) la tak- 3 DUG la-ma-qar-te IA 20 lat-ti A <1 lim
KIN-ni, the reading is uncertain and the HA > 1 lim LA.MES (as tribute for the palace)
meaning is obscure. ADD 810 (= ABL 568) 8, cf. with 10 la-at-t
von Soden, Or. NS 20 162ff.; Oppenheim, ibid. r. 4, cf. also 3 DUG [lal-ma-qur-ti 1 lim
JNES 11 136.
HIA.MES 20 la-at-ti Iraq 23 pi. 22 ND 2672:26f.
1iatnu see lamutcdnu. (coll. J. N. Postgate); 1 DUG la-ma-[qar-tu] 1
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lathf *latu B
la-at-ti HA 1 me A.MES ADD 810 (= ABL 568) cf. rapas libbacu la-a(var. omits)-'-it karassu
r. 9 and 11, cf. 1 DU[G la-ma-qar-tu] 2 lat-te En. el. VI 138; la magiri kaliunu a-lu-ut
HA 2 me HA.MES ibid. 18. I curbed all the disobedient VAB 4 216 ii 1
A lattu seems to be a container of a stan- (Ner.), cf. [la-i-i]t ajdbi da'is nkiriSu LKA
dard capacity, subdivision of the lamaqartu- 62:1 (MA lit.), see Or. NS 18 35; in personal
container, which, accordingly, contains more names: Nusku-la-it-il BE 15 4:3, 132:6,
than twenty lattu's. 141:5, 23, 156:18 (MB); uncert.: 25 men
wasitam isunim ims4 i-lu-D u u bbalu
lath see letdu v. carried the midribs, washed (them), curved
(them) and are drying (them) UET 5 468:35
latu A v.; 1. to confine, to keep in check
(OB), see Landsberger Date Palm p. 28.
(with a bridle), to curb, to control, 2. luttu
to keep in check, to curb, to control; OB, 2. luttu to keep in check, to curb, to
MB, Bogh., MA, SB; I ill - . - la'it; control: the country of the Subarians, the
cf. litu A, litutu, malutu. country of Alzi and the kings their allies
diu.6s = sa-bi-it kis-sd-ti, mu-la-if MIN RA 16 ina rappi lu-z-la-it (vars. lu-la-i-it, lu-la-it)
167 iii 15f. (group voc.). I kept in check (as) with the bridle Weidner
rab dA.nun.na.[...] : la-'-i d[Anunnaki] Tn. 3 No. 1 iii 42, 11 No. 5:30, 27 No. 16 ii 38;
OECT 6 pl. 20 K.5028:5f.; nam.dub.sar.ra
ama gi.de.kex(KID).e.ne : (upsarrutu ummu
rappu dannu mu-la-it la mdgiri Weidner
la-i-fa-at (vars. la-'-[x]-at, la-'-ta-at) the scribal art Tn. 54 No. 60:5 (Assur-rAe-isi I), cf. rappu mu-
is the mother of the eloquent ones (translat. of la-i-tu ga-ad-ru-[ti] (var. [(mu)-la]-a-i-t( -4)
Sum.) TCL 16 96:1 and dupls. (bil. e.dub.ba LKA 53:9, var. from KUB 4 26A:5; Sa RN ar:
text D); dim.me.er na.Am.KU.na // na.am.
raSunu 4-la-i-tu gisginiS (Sargon) who kept
gil.le.em.ma ri.ri.ge.es : DINGIR.ME (var.
adds ina) sahluqti ta(var. tal)-lu-ut // tal-qut // tu- in check RN, their king, as if with a stock
Jam-[qit] (see laqgtu lex. section) ASKT p. 125 Lyon Sar. 4:22; sa ina lit kisiitisu ~-la-i-tu
r. 11f., restoration and var. from 4R 30 No. 1:24. gimir kibrati (the king) who in his mighty
power controlled all the regions Weidner Tn.
1. to confine, to keep in check, to curb, to 26 No. 16 i 21, cf. mu-la-it gimir [...] AfO 18
control - a) with a bridle (rappu): dA.GIL. 349:2 (Tigl. I); mu-la-it eksute (the king) who
MA mukin turri ill bnui kind[ti] rappu la(var. has subdued the stiff-necked people AKA
adds -')-it-su-nu musasbitu damqdti DN who 182:34, 195 iii 8, 218:12, 260 i 19, 384 iii 126 (all
holds the rope of the gods, who creates Asn.), wr. mu-la-'-it Borger Esarh. 96:21, cf.
enduring things, their bridle that curbs them, mu-la-'(var. omits)-it astute KAH 2 84:17
he who provides good things En. el. VII 81, (Adn II); [ni]-ir dAsur mu-la-it KUR GN
cf. rappu la-'i-tu (var. mu-la-'i-tu) gasruti Winckler Sammlung 2 4 K.1660:4 (Sar.).
Ebeling Handerhebung 96:19, for var. see mng. 2;
If a snake in a man's house AN.TA-.t i-lu-ut
rappu la-'-it la mdgiri musabriqu zdmdni the KAR 386 r. 22 stands for i'lut, see alatu; for
bridle that curbs the disobedient, the one KAR 382:19, see la'atu.
who strikes the enemy with lightning OIP 2
Landsberger, ZA 41 230, ZA 42 166, Date Palm
23 i 9, 48:3, 55:3, 66:2, AfO 20 88:5 (all Senn.);
a-la-atra-ap-pu (obscure) VAS 10 213:13 (OB).
p. 27 n. 80. For Sum. gi.rab
Falkenstein, ZA 49 128.
... su
ri.ri see
b) other occs.: Samar la-it erseti rapaSti l{tu B v.; (mng. unkn.); Mari*; I ilit.
who controls the entire earth KAR 246:1 and
dupls., see Laessee Bit Rimki 57:53, cf. (Assur) He refused to undergo the river ordeal
la-i-tu kibrdti TCL 3 116 (Sar.), (Adad) la-it a-lu-us-s-ma ustamsiu diD.KI I ....- ed
muqtablu BMS 21:19 and 42, see Ebeling Hand- him and made him agree to(?) the river
erhebung 96 and 102; rqu libbadu la(!)-'-it ordeal ARM 277:9.
(var. ra-pa-a) karassu far-reaching is his Derivation from a verb Iddu, Idau, etc.,
heart, all-controlling his mind En. el. VII 155, also possible.
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*latu C lazazu
*ldtu C v.; (mng. unkn.); NA*; II. 4R 58 iii 45 and dupl. PBS 1/2 113 iii 29; [atla]s
In all six kings [...] ds li-ma-ni-u-nu ki ana adisa tarammi [sabt]i ajall u turlhu
la-z(var. -u)-tu-ni [... ] whose .... -s are.... [x-x]-mat la-'i D-Si-na sabti go (addressing
JNES 13 212 i 26 and dupl. 213 i 25. Lamastu) away to the mountain which you
For the parallel sa li-[ma-ni-su-nu] z- like, catch deer and ibexes, catch .... , all
Si(or -,at)-li-[i-ni] KAV 18:2f. and discussion, of them 4R 58 i 43 (all Lamastu); Ser'dn
see Landsberger, JCS 8 108 notes 198 and 200. suhdrim wa d1-i-im ta-ra(?)-ju(?) she (La-
mastu) .... -s the sinew of the young (child)
la'f s.; 1. small child, baby, 2. young and the baby von Soden, Or. NS 25 143 (OA
reed; OA, MB, SB; pl. la'tu; cf. la'is. inc.); summa LU.TUR la-'-HU kima aldu sirti
. t u r = la-'-u, sehru Igituh short version 281 f.; iniqu if a baby, as soon as it is born, sucks
lI.tur = la-'-e (in group with serru, laku, gudadu) the teat Labat TDP 216:1, for LU.TUR
Antagal C 237; tu-ur-tu-ur TUR.TUR = la-HU-tum
ibid. p. 216-230, and passim, see serru; [. .
Proto-Diri 73a; tu-ur TU = errum, la-'-u, sehrum,
lak A VII/4:67; TUR = sehru, la-'-[u], serru s]a la-'-e-si-na DUMU u binti Tn.-Epic "i" 20;
Sa Voc. V 11'ff., also U 20ff.; [ba-an]-da TUR.DA = [...].x.mu tes.bi gar.re.e.de : la-'-u-ti
.erru, sehru, la-'-u, lake Diri I 279ff.; ge-na TUR.DI§ ana x x x to unite [the ... and] the children
= ginu, serrum, .sehrum, la-['-u], l[akd] A VI/1: 114, (parallel: nisi ana suhuri) SBH p. 74 r. 8f.
cf. TUR.DIt= la-Hu-um, sehrum Proto-Diri 439f.;
[ge-na] TUR.DI = [la-'-u] Diri I 297; TUngi-na-anDli 2. young reed: see Hh. VIII 92, in lex.
= la-'-i (in group with serru, sehru, lakuc) Erimhus section.
V 155; TURgi-[in-na]DI = Serru, la-'-u Izbu Comm.
For UM 5 105 i 19 (= A VII/2:35) see la'su.
160f.; be-[en-z]6-ru I.DIM = sehrum, laa---uum
(var. la-HIA-JU-um), suhdrum Proto-Diri 116ff.; For the WSem. personal names La-i-yu-um,
he-en-zer I.DIM = Jerrum, sehrum, la-'-u, lakei etc., see H. Huffmon, Amorite Personal Names
Diri II 163ff.; 16.u~I.DIM = la-a-a-u OB Lu A 137. p. 224.
gi.tur = la-'-u Hh. VIII 92; bu-un-gu U§.GA =
Serru, sehru, [la]-P']-[u], [la]ka Diri IV 156ff. la'i see karan Ikni.
la-a-ti= ser-ru Explicit Malku I 249; laa-a- =
[se-e]h-rum ibid. 226; la-'-u = se-eh-ru LTBA 2
la'utanu see lamutnu.
2:294. lawiranu see amirdnu.
1. small child, baby - a) beside serru: lawa see lami adj. and v.
ki Serri la-'-i unasSaqu Sepeu as if they were
small children (lit. like a baby, an infant), lazanu see lezenu.
they kiss his feet Gilg. I v 35, also II ii 42; lazazu v.; to continue, to persist; SB;
ki Berri la-'-i (for var. see la'is) tusib ina biti I ilazzaz - laziz, I/3; wr. syll. and NI; cf.
like a small child you stay in the house lazzu.
Cagni Erra I 48; lubki ... ana Serri la-a-'i za-al NI = la-za-za // le-zu-[u] A II/1 Comm. 16';
(var. ana LV.TUR lake) §a ina la iimiSu NI = ga-sa-su, NI.NI = la-za-zu, [N]I.a.ri.a = ni-'-u,
tardu I will cry over the small child who [...].x.nu = ha-nu-u Antagal K ii 20'-22', cf.
NI.NI = flal-za-[zul CT 37 27 iii 13 (Uruanna);
was driven out (i.e., died) prematurely
[ka.x.x] = [lal-za-z[u], [ka.x.x] = MIN, [ka.x].x
KAR 1:38 (Descent of Istar); ikkil Berri u la-'-i = MIN Izi F 301ff.
(var. lake) taritu uzamma I shall deprive the gig.gig.ma nig nam.zal.e : simm se[nuti
nurse of the crying of children and babies sa ... ilazzazu(?)] serious sores that persist CT 4
Cagni Erra IIIa 17. 3:7 (Sum.) and dupl., see MSL 9 p. 106.
b) other occs.: ittarrunnima DINGIR.MES a) said of rain: Samiitu i-la-za-za the rain
GAL.MESIkima la-'-e the great gods led me will continue KAR 153 r.(!) 16, also CT 30 9:19,
like a small child OECT 6 pi. 11:14 (prayer
cf. ina arkat Satti ,amitu i-la-za-za TCL 6 1
of Asb.); mdrat Anim mu'ammilat la-'-4-ti r. 9; zunnu ila(AN)-za-az-ma izannun it will
the Daughter of Anu who torments the rain continuously ACh Supp. 2 Sin 29:8.
babies PBS 1/2 113 iii 15, dupl. 4R 55 No. 1 r. b) said of a disease: ,umma SU.GIDIM.MA
10, see ZA 16 190, cf. Ja uSabba>a la-'-4-[ti] ina zumur amli il-ta-za-az-ma la ittaptar (or
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lazutu lehebu
ipattar) if (the disease) "hand of a ghost" affliction from which there is no recovery to
stays continuously in the body of the man and erupt on his body MDP 6 pl. 11 iv 6, cf.
does not let up AMT 97,1:1, dupl. KAR 267:1, simma la-az-za lislasum MDP 4 pl. 16 ii 3 (all
also AMT 95,1:12, 95,2 ii 4, 12, LKA 84:1, Kocher MB kudurrus), cf. also, wr. la-zu Borger Esarh.
BAM 221 iii 7 and 19, AMT 102:1, CT 23 48:22, 109 iv 4 and Wiseman Treaties 462, also [sim]s
cf. mursu il-ta-za-az ina zumrisu la ittaptar mu la-az-zu sa la baldtu [ina z]umrisu liSabsi
Kocher BAM 124 ii 7, cf. also summa amelu lu AfK 2 104:9 (Asb.); la-az-zu murus qaqqadi
AN.TA.SUB.BA lu DN lu qdt e[temmi isbassu]ma ... issuh kima nalsi miii he removed, like
ina zumrisu NI.NI-ma la ittaptar Kocher BAM night dew, the persistent complaint in the
311:78; if the disease lu ina nepilti asdti lu head Lambert BWL 52:14, cf. (in broken
ina nepilti adipiti il-ta-za-az-ma la patir context) [ana ... ] GIG la-az-zi GUR-9U
continues and does not let up in spite of the Kocher BAM 86:4, dupl. 159 vi 27, cf. ibid. 379 i
ministrations of a physician or a conjurer 35; ana sipir SU.GIDIM.MA la-az-z[i ... ] ana
Kocher BAM 225 r. 5, parallel ibid. 228:18; sum: nasahiu in order to remove the persistent
ma ... ummu ina zumrisu la-zi-iz-ma AMT "hand of a ghost" disease AMT 95,1:4, also
83,2 ii 9; ina UD.3.KAM UD.4.KAM i-la-az-za- AMT 99,3 r. 8 and 11, wr. NI.NI Kocher BAM
az-ma iballut it (the symptoms) will continue 9:55, cf. SU.dINANNA la-az-zi zI-hi AMT
for three or four days but he will get well 35,3:1, INIM.INIM.MA ummi la-az-zi zi in-
Labat TDP 116 ii 3, cf. UD.3.KAM NI-ma cantation for removing a lingering fever
iballut ibid. 8. Kocher BAM 147 r. 20, parallel ibid. 148 r. 22, cf.
In summa amilu ana sinnisti la za zu u also ZA 16 156:21, cf. also [INIM.INIM.MA] Sa
(var. la za-ku-ti) gina igdanallut (see galatu NE la-az-zi TAR-[...] AMT 63,2:4; obscure:
mng. lb) CT 39 44:11 the variant is preferable anamdi sipta a-na la-az-zu ME UR-ki (var.
to the reading given in the text. <ana> la-as-si mi UR [x]) (incipit of an inc.)
ZA 16 188:54, var. from Sm. 2056:4', also cited
von Soden, Or. NS 20 266f.
ZA 16 190 r. 4 and 14, wr. ral-[nam(?)1-fdi(?)1
lazutu see labatu. sip-ti la-zu UR-x STT 281 iv 10, see JNES
26 193.
lazzu (fem. laziztu) adj.; continual, con-
tinuing, persistent; MB, SB, NA, NB; wr. von Soden, Or. NS 20 266.
syll. and NI.NI; cf. lazdzu. le'amu see lemu.
a) said of rain: MN kussu dannu iksus
damma samitu la-zi-iz-tum illikma the le'au see le'd v.
month of Tebet set in with severe weather lebenu see labdnu A and B.
and then there was continual rain OIP 2
88 ii 43 (Senn.). lebinu see labinu.
b) said of a sore, fever, or sickness: DN u lebf see labs.
DN2 bel misri u kudurri anni simma la-a[z-za
in]a zumrisu lisabhjma may Ninurta and lebu see li'bu A.
Gula, the gods of boundaries and of this ledu see liddu.
boundary stone, put a never-healing sore in
his body BE 1 149 iii 3 (NB kudurru), cf. BBSt. *le'Ebu see la'abu.
No. 7 ii 30 (MB) and No. 9 ii 21 (NB), cf. also le'emu see lemu.
Gula beltu rabitusi-im-ma la-az-za ina zumrisu
liskunma Hinke Kudurru iv 20, parallel BBSt. lehebu (lahabu) v.; (mng. uncert.); SB;
No. 8 iv 16, 1R 70 iv 6, MDP 6 p. 47:12, MDP 2 I ilehhib.
pl. 23 vii 19; simma aksa la-az-za miqta la teb4 ga = le-he-bu (in group with qubbulu, q.v.)
ina zumrisu lidisi may she (Gula) cause a Antagal III 139; zi : i-la-hi-bu Ebeling Wagen-
dangerous and persistent sore (and) an pferde 38 Ko r. 18a.
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lehemu lemenu
[DID] NA IM ina §A-M u-tar-'-ab i-le-hi-ib lemenu (lamanu) v.; 1. to fall into
if wind in a man's belly makes him shiver misfortune, to come upon bad times, to
and he .... Kocher BAM 56 r. 8, dupl., wr. turn into evil, (with libbu as subject) to
i-li-bi-ib ibid. 55:2; summa ... IZI ina su-9d become angry, 2. litmunu to be angered,
lazizma u magal i-le-bi-ib if fever persists in 3. litammunu to become depressed repeat-
his body and he .... very much AMT 83,2:9, edly, 4. lummunu to treat badly, to defame,
cf. [akla] KUE KA NAG-ma i-le-hi-ib he eats 5. lummunu to change (fate, a sign, a rumor,
[food], drinks beer, but he .... AMT 90,1 iii 15. etc.) into something bad, to make someone
or something look or feel bad, 6. lummunu
lehemu see lahdmu A and lemu.
(with libbu as object) to make angry, to
lehu see le'u. annoy, to offend, to worry, 7. 11/2 to treat
each other badly, 8. sutalmunu to make
le'il adv.; mightily; SB*; cf. le'u v. (two parties) enemies of each other; from
Shalmaneser (III) Sa ina resilte sa ... OA, OB on; I ilmin - ilemmin (ilmun ABL
ilani tiklis le-es ittanallakuma who, with 405 r. 17, NA), 1/2, 1/3, II, 11/2, III/2; cf.
the help of (Samar and Adad), the gods in lemniS, lemnu adj. and s., lemnu-amelu,
whom he trusts, marched everywhere showing lemuttu s., lemuttu in bel lemutti, lemuttu in
his might (and brought fortified mountain Ja lemutti, lummunu, lummunu-amelu, lum=
regions into subjugation) WO 3 152:6. muttu, lumndnl, lumnu, lumnu in bel lumni,
1'ti in la l'e~ adv.; like an imbecile; lumun libbi, nelmenu.
SB*; cf. le' v. hul.hul = gu-u[1-lu-lum], lu-mu-nu-[um] OBGT
XIiv 12f.; [ka].hul.gal = mu-le-me-nu IziF 326;
[n]a'[d]u tenka tumasil la le-'-is (with [l6.n]ig.hul.dim.ma lu-ni-hul-dim-ma (pronun-
comm. kima l[a le-'-i]) you have let your fine ciation) = mu-lam-mi-(in> lib-bi = (Hitt.) §A-kan
good sense become like that of an imbecile ku-is an-da HUL(!)-es-ki-iz-zi who treats the heart
Lambert BWL 70:14. badly KBo 1 30:14 (App. to Lu), in MSL 12 214.
igi.mu nam.ba.hul.e.de : ana panija aj
leki (leqi) v.; to go; syn. list*; WSem. u-lam-mi-nu-ni in front of me, they (the demons)
word. shall not harm me CT 16 14 iii 50, also ibid. 1:15.
ila-min = i-lam-min RA 17 191:2 (astrol.
le-ku-ui = a-l[a-ku] An VIII 168, also An IX 64; comm.); tu-lam-man 5R 45 K.253 v 13 (gramm.).
le-qu-u = a-la-ku Malku II 93.
The entry in the syn. lists could represent 1. to fall into misfortune, to come upon
WSem. hik. bad times, to turn into evil, (with libbu as
subject) to become angry - a) to fall into
leku v.; to lick; OB, SB; I ilk - lk, II. misfortune, to come upon bad times, to turn
tu-la-a-ka 5R 45 K.253 ii 27. into evil: taniStum il 5-ti-mi-in people have
a) l~ku: sassar siparri lu patar siparri become evil BIN 4 45:20 (OAlet.), also RA 59159
i-lik-ma iballut he will lick a bronze saw or MAH 16209:4; atta la tide kima ahuni Id-am-
a bronze sword and he will get well Kiichler nu-ni do you not know that our brother is
Beitr. pl. 9 ii 55; NA4 .NA.ZAG.HI.LI i-lik-ma wicked? TCL 14 40:29 (OA); damaqiSunu
ina'eS he will lick a pestle for grinding sahli idammiq le-me-ni-u-nu i-le-mi-in he (the
and get well AMT 24,5:16 and 36,2:9; obscure: adopted son) will share their (the adopting
awilum Seipau qaqqaram le-ka (if) a man's parents') good and bad fortune ARM 8
feet .... the ground Kocher BAM 393 r. 19 1:5; bubita u huahha liskunSumma lupnu
(OB). makd u le-me-nu urra u misa lu rakis ittiSu
b) II: bumma alpu KU§.ME-Zi 4i-la-ak may (Adad) beset him with hunger and
if an ox licks its skin CT 40 32 r. 23 (SB Alu). want, so that poverty, want, and misfor-
tune will be his lot day and night BBSt. No. 6
von Soden, Or. NS 26 134.
ii 44 (Nbk. I), cf. lupni le-me-ni RA 29 99 r.
lememu see lamdmu B. 12 (MB lit.); (the king wrote to me, saying)
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lemenu lemenu
mannu la-ma-a-nu ma'du ukallamka who became angry at you (in broken context)
does you such a bad turn? ABL 1245 r. 12; VAS 16 188 r. 38 (OB let.), cf. sarru eli mdtiSu
kasdtiS il-mu-un (see kasatis) ABL 405 r. 17 i-lam-min Labat Calendrier § 99:1.
(both NA); niS~ i-lam-mi-na people will
fall into misery Thompson Rep. 272:14; KI.BI 2. litmunu to be angered: [l]i-it-mu-um-
i-lam-min that district will fall into misery ma surraka ila tadds when your heart is
CT 39 11:38 and 41 (SB Alu), cf. ibid. 10 K.149+ angered, you accuse the god wrongly, with
:20, wr. i-lam-mi-[in] ibid. K.3092:1, i-lem- comm. li-it-mu-um-mu // ana x [... ] Lambert
min ibid. 8 K.8406 r. 2, i-lem-min (apod.) BWL 85:255 (Theodicy).
ZA 43 96:13, also CT 41 33 r. 13 (Alu Comm.), 3. litammunu to become depressed repeat-
cf. manahtasu i-lam-min Dream-book 313
K.2582:8; le-me-in awilim YOS 10 31 vi 38
edly: nis libbiSu etir il-te-nem-min his r-a
libido is gone (and) he becomes depressed
(OB ext.). again and again Kocher BAM 319:4.
b) (with libbu as subject) to become angry: lummunu to treat badly, to defame:

4.
ana sa kaspam ... la uSebilakkunni li-b[a-ka] rPN [marassu] la u-la-ma-an-[8i] ... kt
1d i-ld-mi-in do not become angry on account mdrtisuma ... u-pa-us-si ana mute iddaSi
of (the fact) that I did not send you the silver he will not treat his (adopted) daughter IPN
TCL 14 45:9, also ICK 2 139:12, and passim in badly, he will treat her like his own daughter
OA, 1d i-ld-mi-in(text -im) ICK 1 183:1; and give her to a husband KAJ 2:8 (MA);
li-bi4 ld i-ld-mi-in CCT 2 34:17, li-bu-Su 16 SarraqiS 4(var. i)-lam-ma-nu dunnamd-amelu
i-la-mi-nam TCL 20 90:38, li-bi4 i-ld-mi-na- they treat the poor man as badly as a thief
kum ibid. 98:22, cf. li-bu-Su e il-mi-in Sa awat RN
Lambert BWL 88:283 (Theodicy);
BIN 4 39:19; kima li-bi4 16 i-ld-mi-nu epsams ipusu unakkaru ana RN, u pirhisu u-la-am-
ma act so as not to make me angry CCT 3 ma-nu he who alters the deed RN has com-
34a:22; anaku a-li-bi4 -ka la Id-ma-nim aklasu pleted and acts in a hostile way against RN,
I held him back in order not to make you and his successors Wiseman Alalakh 1:15;
angry HUCA 39 27 L 29-571:12; summa ji-la-mu-nu-ni PN l[a]m-nu-um ana panika
la tusteriamma li-bi4 i-ld-mi-in-na-kum BIN 6 belija PN, the villain, defames me to you,
16:16; li-bu-su 1d-am-na-kum VAT 9229:5 my lord EA 189:6, cf. ibid. 8; note the intrans.
(unpub.), also TCL 19 29:34, li-ba-ak-nu lam- usage: ah-ra-ta-a e-li Apst i-lam-mi-in
na-ni Kienast ATHE 65:28; asser li-bi4 ld-am- Tidmat then Tiamat became very angry(?)
nu because I was angry TuM 1 3b: 3; abs with Apsf En. el. II 3.
baiiunu iSammeunima li-ba-d6-nu i-ld-mi-nu
5. lummunu to change (fate, a sign, a
should their principals hear (about it), they
rumor, etc.) into something bad, to make
would become angry KTS 15:19 (all OA); abi
someone or something look or feel bad -
lidabilamma li-ib-bi la i-le-em-mi-in may
a) to change (fate, a sign, a rumor, etc.)
my father send me (the sheep and the wool)
into something bad - 1' with Simtu: SimtaSu
so that I should not become angry CT 2
li-le-mi-in may (Nergal) have an evil fate in
12:34 (OB let.); li-ib-bu-uk la i-le-em-mi-in
store (for the violator) Syria 32 17 v 24 (Jah-
RB 59 246 str. 8:1 (OB lit.), lib-ba-su il-te-em-na
dunlim), cf. imtaSu li-lam-min BBSt. No. 4 iii
STC 2 pl. 73 i 2, 4 (SB lit.), see STC 1 220 n. 1;
11 (MB).
[libbi §a RN ima]rrasu i-lam-me-ni will RN
become very angry? Knudtzon Gebete 28:6, 2' with egirrd: amat alisu ultesi egirri dlidu
also 25:13; in a personal name: Li-ib-bi-a-il- ul-tam-mi-in he has betrayed the secrets of
mi-in Szlechter TJA 58 MAH 16.165:4 (OB); his (home) town, he has given his (home)
obscure: lib-bi e te-el-mi-[in?1 (Sum. broken, town a bad reputation Burpu II 97; lu mu-
parallel: ur s : kabattu) BA 5 638 r. 6; note lam-mi-nu igirrisuSunuma din kitti u mTAari
without libbu: and[k]u el-te-em-na-ki-im I aj idinu u may they (Samas and Adad, the
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lemrnu lemenu
great judges) be those who give him bad 6. lummunu (with libbu as object) to make
omens and not grant him a correct and just angry, to annoy, to offend, to worry: see
decision Hinke Kudurru iv 16; for other refs. mulammin libbi, in lex. section; kasapka
see egirri. 1 GIN ula nisbatma li-ba-k ula nu-la-mi-in
3' with amatu: asarsiptim u purussim ina we have not seized even one shekel of your
mahar Enlil awassu li-le-mi-in may she silver and we have not annoyed you TCL 19
(Ninlil) give him a bad reputation in the 1:11 and 24; kaspam ana PN e la taddinama
presence of Enlil at the place of judgment li-bi4 u li-bu-su e ti-ld-mi-na do not fail to
and decision CH xlii 90, cf. ina Ubsukkinna give the silver to PN lest you make him and
kisal puhur ildni Subat situiti amassu li-lam- me angry TCL 20 111:12; summa ammakam
min4 Borger Esarh. 29 vii 42, note Ninlil . .. li-bi4 -ki mimma 4-ld-mu-nu tertiki asserija
a-mat KA-[4i li-lam-min-ma aj isbata abbut: lillikam if they annoy you there in any re-
tukun Wiseman Treaties 418; the great lady spect, a note of yours should come to me
Aja lu mu-le-mi-na-at awatisu Syria 32 17 v 27 BIN 6 17:4; kima tagammiliniepus ahi atta li-
(Jahdunlim); umman u siut-ri ... amassun bi 4 Id ti-ld-ma-an gimlanni act so as to do
u-lam-man tassun imahhar (if) a (royal) me a favor, please, do not make me angry,
secretary or official wants to denounce them do me a favor BIN 4 229:22; mimma li-bi ld
(the citizens of Sippar, Nippur and Babylon) ti-ld-ma-na-am you must not annoy me in
(and thus) obtains bribes from them Lambert any way TCL 14 44:25, cf. KTS 12:16, 31a:11f.,
BWL 114:46 (Fiirstenspiegel); amata la tu-lam- Kienast ATHE 31:24, and passim in OA letters;
man [n]issatu ana libbika [la tas]addad ummi atti li-bi d1
ti-ld-mi-ni KT Hahn 5:29;
slander no one, then grief will not reach your li-[bi4 tc-ul]-ta-mi-na-am TuM 1 20b: 14, see
heart Lambert BWL 240:15; bitu i Mu. 1.KAM MVAG 33 No. 260:14; kima ... li-bi4 abbaesunu
mu-lam-min amati [ira]si for one year u-ld-mi-ni-ma KTS 15:23; li-ba-kac ld-ld-mi-
there will be someone slandering this house in TCL 20 93:36; note: li-bi4 -ki 1d ti-ld-mi-ni
CT 38 47:45, cf. amelu s MU.1.KAM mu-lam- CCT 3 7a: 8; li-ba-kA 1d tu-ld-ma-nam BIN 6
min amati irassi ibid. 46, with comm. NA 36:14 (all OA); imi PN li-bi PN ul-te-mi-nu
mu-lem-min KAa-mat TUK-i CT 41 31 r. 28 (SB <(UD PN 2 PN ana kaspim inaddin when PN
Alu). offends PN2 , PN may sell PN (into slavery)
4' with ittu: itta i-lam-man-ma I (Erra) Waterman Bus. Doc. 39:12 (OB); li-ib-bi lu-um-
mu-un I am worried PBS 7 14:15 (OB let.),
will make the omens bad Cagni Erra Ie ii 42,
cf. [lu]m-mun lib-ba-ka Gilg. X iii 3; tu-lem-
cf. ittaSu li-lam-min Bauer Asb. 2 90 r. 13.
mi-in li-ib-bi you hurt me Gilg. Y. iv 22 (OB).
5' other occs.: mu-lam(!)-m[i]-na-[at] she
will have a difficult time giving birth 7. 11/2 to treat each other badly: itti bel
KAR 206 ii 7 (SB physiogn.), dupl. mu-lam- saltika e[t]ul(var. t[u-ul])-tam-mi-in do not
m[i-na-at] Kraus Texte lie r. vii 8', note lu- exchange bad treatment with your adversary
mu-nu (entire apod.) YOS 10 61:2 (OB ext.). Lambert BWL 100:41 (SB lit.); note ul-tam//
-te-man (apod.) CT 38 17:105.
b) to make someone or something look or
feel bad: ba'ulateSun uSnnihu -lam-mi-nu 8. Sutalmunu to make (two parties)
karassin (my predecessors) had their (the enemies of each other: andku u PN su-ta-al-
barges') crews overexert themselves and mu-na-ni PN and I have become mutual
(thus) made them unhappy OIP 2 105 v 75 enemies CCT 4 3b:12, cf. idti sabim 5 u ilrat
and 118:12 (Senn.); zimusu i-lam-mi-in-ma su-t[a-a]l-mu-na-ku HUCA 39 15 L 29-560:37,
rAid emema he assumed the appearance cf. also du-ta-al-mu-na-ku TCL 19 22:27 (both
of a lowly person and thus came to look OA); wardum Ba annitam iqbikum §a ana .u-
like a slave Borger Esarh. 103 II i 4, cf. itti iii te-el-mu-un Uruk u Amnn-jabrur isahhuru
u iStari uzenndinni 4-lam-me-nu-in-ni AfO 18 annitam ina la idim ana pim umassi the
293: 68. subordinate (of yours) who has said all this
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lemmu lemnit
to you, eager to make mutual enemies of kesda.kex : namtaru §a amela lem-ni§ talputu
TUruk and Amnan-jahrur, uttered this without lidanu a itti ameli lem-nig irraksu you, Namtaru,
who have touched the man in an evil way, (evil)
reason Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 iv 9 (OB let.); Sarranu
rumor which was maliciously linked with the man
us-te-lem-me-nu the kings will become en- CT 16 32:158ff.; nig.hul ba.ra.e : lem-nid
emies to each other CT 28 46:12 (SB ext.). itta.[i] KAR 95:10f. and 14f., also, wr. le-em-nid
ibid. 12f.; [nig].sae.dim.ma.bi.ir em.hul ir.
For KBo 1 14:21 see lemi. In RMA (= Thomp- pagPa-a in.ak.es: ana epi§ damiqtiunule-em-ni-
son Rep.) 272 r. 7f. and 10 read ittati ... g.i-na. i ikapputu they plot maliciously against the one
For awat PN lummunu see Landsberger, who did them favors KAR 128:33 (prayer of
MAOG 4 311. Tn. I).
a) badly, in an evil way - 1' with ep&eu:
lemmu see lemu.
annakam lam-ni-is ilum bit abikunu eppal
lemnit (lamnig) adv.; badly, in an evil here the god will treat the house of your
way, with evil intent, maliciously, viciously, father badly RA 59 165:23, also KTS 24:12;
with displeasure, miserably, severely; from mi sum PN Id-am-ni-is te-pd-.a-ni Jankowska
OA, OB on; wr. syll. and JUL.A.BI (Labat KTK 66:3; lam-ni-is epus BIN 4 231:14 (all
TDP 210:111); cf. lemenu. OA); andku le-em-ni-i4 epseku I am treated
badly Kraus AbB 1 67 r. 4, also TCL 18 95:26
sul dingir.bi hul.le.es in.na.dib.bi.da :
(OB let.); estenemmema PN le-em-ni-is
etlu 9a ildu lem-ni-is ikmuSu a man whom his god
has overcome in an evil way JTVI 26 153:12; iteneppes mat GN udabbab as I keep hearing,
[ur] e.tir.ra hul.ii.na.a.ba(var. .ra) lag PN continues to behave badly, he bothers
nam.ba.e.sub.e : [ana] kalbi Sa ina tarbasirabsu the country GN Laessee Shemshara Tablets 83
lem-nis kurbanna la tanassuk (see kirbnu lex. SH 822:34.
section) S. A. Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts 24:32f.,
Sum. restored from Hilprecht AV No. 15, see ZA 31 2' other occ.: HUL.A.BI mdmitu isbassu
116, Akk. from OECT 6 pl. 29 r. 5, cf. gis.bar.us
hul us.sa.e.ne
the "oath" has seized him in an evil way
ma.ra.[...] : parusSu a lem-nis
ni ta [...] BA 5 639:9f., cf. ibid. 23f.; hu.ul Labat TDP 210:111.
(var. hul) : lem-ni-is (in broken context) ZA 45
13:13 (Bogh. inc.); [lu.ra] hul.bi.ta mul.ginx b) with evil intent, maliciously, viciously:
(GIM) sur.sur.re.e.[ne] : [ana ameli] lem-nis 9a ... ana hape nart sudtu iSakkanu uznieu
kima kakkabu isarru[ru] they (the demons) flash ... ah sakku saklu ... la pdlih ildni rabiti
evilly toward the man like (falling) stars CT 16 lem-nis uma'aru he who sets his mind to
25:52f., cf. SBH p. 105:31f.; an.dagal.la ...
hul.lu.bi sdg.ga.a.[mes] gaba.ri nu.tuk.a.
destroy this stela and maliciously sends a
m es : ina same rapiiti ... lem-nis izzazzuma foreigner, a fool, a deaf person (or) someone
mahira ul is2 in the wide heavens, they (the who does not fear the great gods VAS 1 37 v 27
demons) stand evilly, unrivaled CT 16 19:48ff.; (NB kudurru); kima la amat Sama anaku
u 4 .de ebur hul.lu.bi mu.un.si // su : imu le-em-ni-id idiikanni he hit me viciously as if
ebur mati lem-nil uSriq // u(abbi the ilmu-demon
has maliciously diminished, variant: flooded, I were not a slave girl of DN Kraus AbB 1
the harvest of the country BA 5 617 No. 1:21f.; 34:15; ana DN nakru isniqa lem-ni-id the
hul.di : lem-nid SBH p. 119 r. 9f.; gals.la enemy approached DN with evil intent
su.hul sa.a : gall2 §a lem-niS ire' a galli- MVAG 21 86:21 (Kedorlaomer text); 9a ina ans
demon who guides (man) in an evil way CT 17
36 K.9272:7; uru 6 kur.ra su.hul dug4 .ga.
nat lem-nid issanarrara who flits evilly
mu : dlu u bitu Sa ana qat nakri lem-nis immalui around in battle (said of Nergal) BiOr 6
the city and the house that have been put into the 166: 11 (SB hymn), see Ebeling Handerhebung 116,
hand of the enemy in an evil manner SBH p. 60 and see CT 16 25:52f., in lex. section; lem-
If.; nig.ak.ak.a ux(KAxBAD).hul.gal.dug 4 .
nid (in broken context) AfO 17 283:81 (MA
ga.kex(KID) : up&dli ru'tu §a ina pi lem-nid naddt
ASKT p. 86-87:60; u4 sa.ab.hul.ma.al.la
harem edicts).
dMu.ul.lil.l1.RI : imu libbi Ani oa lem-niS
ibbac6,i the stormwind is the heart of Anu that
c) with displeasure: epdet hammS'e Aa kt
is displeased SBH p. 32:42f.; nam.tar li.hul. la libbi ildni innepdu lem-nid ittatlu they
gal tag.ga.zu eme nig.hul.dim.ma 16. (the gods) looked with displeasure on the
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lemnu lemnu
deeds of the usurpers which had been done OB Lu B v 34; inim.hul = a-[wa]-tum [le-mu-tum]
KagalD Fragm. 11:10: inim.gar.hul.a= i-gi-ru
against the will of the gods Borger Esarh.
lem-[nu-um] Kagal D Fragm. 11:4; ur.hul =
43 i 47; sa it& Ja RamaS ittiqu Samas lem-nis lem-nu Hh. XIV 96 and Hg. A II 258, in MSI 8/2
ina qdt [mahisi umalla] Samar will angrily 44; dingir ki su.tag.ga.nu.tuk = DINGIR lem-
put him who transgresses the limits of Samar nu Erimhus I 215; ud.hlul.gal u-mu lem-nu
into the hand of the executioner Bab. 12 pl. Hh. I 195; [mu.hul.gal] = [Sat-tum] le-mu-
ut-[tum] Hh. II 198a.
2:40, cf. ibid. pl. 1:12 (Etana).
giV.sub.As = is-qu lem-nu Erimhus I 209.
lii giskim.hul ba.an.gilim.ba : Sa it-tu
d) miserably, severely: Saldassu ana ser le-mnut-ti ipparkusu who has been met with an
sapir ndrim tuhhdku lem-ni-is buzzudku three ill-boding sign 5R 50 i 63f.; addir hul.ma.al.la
times I was brought before the overseer of e.ze nu.bal.a : ti-tur-ru lem-nu 9a snu la utarru
the canal, I am severely pressed (for payment) dangerous river crossing which does not allow the
sheep and goats to come back SBH p. 15:18f.,
CT 33 23:7 (OB let.); ina su-bat ahat ali lem-
cf. KI.A hul : kib-si lem-nu ibid. 20f., and passim
ni-is liktassu may he roam around(?) miser- with hill; nam.erim hul.gal bar.se he.im.ta.
ably in places outside the city MDP 10 pl. 12 gub : mamit le-mut-tum ina ahdti lizziz let the
iv 18 (MB kudurru); abikti nisZ GAL.ME lem-nis evil "oath" stand aside SurpuV-VI 166f., cf. hul.
istakan he inflicted a terrible defeat on the nam.erim.ma : mamit le-mut-tum CT 16 2:42f.;
igi.hul.g6l.zu.6e : ina pa-ni-ka lemn-nu-ti(var.
people .... (note abikti GN madis iStakan -ti) CT 16 28:66f.; hul.bi er.ra.kex(KID) hul.
line 22, and passim) Wiseman Chron. 56:27; etlu bi a.nir.ra.kex : ina bikiti HnI,-ti ina tanihi lem-ni
dannu sa ana zikir SumiSu nakirsu ina panisu (see bikitu lex. section) 4R 26 No. 8:54f.; u x.zu
lem-ni§ ittarradu the mighty hero whose h[ul].bi.ta eme ba.ni.in.dib.fdibl.bi : kis-pi
lem-[nu-ti] sa lisdnu usabbatu CT 162:59f., restored
enemy will be driven out of his presence in
from CT 17 47; u 4 .su.us im.hul.dim.ma.a.mes
misery at the mentioning of his (the hero's) : umi upputu s -a-ri lem-nu-tum(var. -ti) sunu
name VAS 1 37 ii 35 (NB kudurru). CT 16 13 ii 65f.; nig.ak.a nig.hul.dim.ma :
In CCT 5 6b:19 read la-min sIG5 "would it not upisu lem-nu-tum CT 16 2:57f., also [nig].ak.a
be good if ... ?" nig.hul.dim.ma : [upl-id-4u-u lem-nu-ftil BA 5
389 K.3418 r. 3f.; nig.hul nu.te.ga : ana mim-
lemnu (lamnu, fem. lemuttu, lamuttu) adj.; ma lem-ni la tehe AfO 14 150:211f., and passim,
see mngs. la, lb, Ic, Id, 2.
1. morally bad, evil, wicked, magically evil um.me.da si.si.a.mes um.me.d.a.ani
and dangerous, ill-boding, unlucky, dan- si.si ga.su.ub.a.meS (var. um.me.ga.la
gerous, hard, bitter, unhappy, fateful, ses.a[...]) a tarti le-mut(text -IG)-tum Sunu sa
bad (in taste or smell), 2. (in predicative use) muSeniqti le-mut(text -IG)-tum (var. le-m[ut-ti])
evil, unhappy, bad; from OAkk. on; lamnu Sizib iniqu ,unu UET 6 392: 9f., vars. from CT 16
9: 3ff., emendations according to ga tariti HJu-tim
in OA, EA, stative lemun (lamin EA 97:5), sunu 4a muSeniqti le-mut-ti Sizba Iniqu sunu LKA
fem. lemnetu 4R 20:13 and Streck Asb. 58 vi 114, 82:9f.; for other bil. refs. with ses see lemnu s.
lamuntu MDP 14 123 No. 90:4 (OAkk.); wr. im-hul-lum = 4d-a-ru lem-nu Malku III 180.
syll. and IUL (for UD HUL.GAL, see mng. lc-3');
cf. lemenu. 1. morally bad, evil, wicked, magically
evil and dangerous, ill-boding, unlucky,
hu-ul HUL = lem-nu Idu I 66, also Diri II 132,
Sa Voc. AA 28', Sb I 354; sag.hul = lem-nu, masku, dangerous, hard, bitter, unhappy, fateful,
sabru, zeru Kagal B 171ff.; sag.hul.ga1 = bad (in taste or smell) - a) morally bad,
KI.MIN (= lem-nu) ibid. 175. evil, wicked - 1' enemy persons and
hu-ul KIB = lem-nu Ea IV 208; ha.lam = countries: awzil isten u sina la-am-nu-tum
lem-nu (in group with sabru and pa qsqu) Erimhus
V 64; hul.tim = [le-em-nu-um OBGT XI iv 7.
ana bit abini dalahim izzazzu one or two
im.hul.a = Sd-rum lem-nu Antagal N ii 11'; wicked men are set to confuse our firm
im.bul.la = Sd-a-ru lem-nu Lanu C ii 9', also CCT 2 33:9 (OA); PN amelu lem-nu kI paniu
Igituh short version 104; ka.hul = KA lem-nu iddabub PN, the bad man, speaks as he
Izi F 322; [ka.h]ul.gl1 qa-a-hu-ul-gal (pronun-
pleases KBo 1 10:34 (let.); jilammununi PN
ciation) = pu-u le-e[m-nu] Kagal D Fragm. 4:14;
[eme.hul] = [li]-a-[nu-um1 le-mu-ut-tum ibid. lam-nu-um ana panika the evil PN has
Fragm. 7:13; [li.igi.hul] = Sla i-na-am le-em-nu maligned me to you EA 189:7; ep nairi
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lemnu lemnu
lem-na ultu qereb mat GN aprusma I cut off nu, rabisu lem-nu gurpu IV 45-50, for other
access of the evil enemy to GN TCL 3 155 (Sar.); refs. see ald, etemmu, galld, ilu, rdbisu, utukku,
sakip nakri lem-nu LU Sut who overthrew cf. also hul nam.erim.ma : ma-mit le-
the Sutian, the wicked enemy BBSt. No. 36 ii 26, mut-tum CT 16 2:42f.; nam.tar hul.gal :
of. Ltf Sut2 nakru lem-nu ibid. i 6; ummdndt namtaru lem-nu CT 17 34:21f.; a.sag hul.
Urarti nakri lem-ni TCL 3 142, and passim in gal : asakku lem-nu ibid. 3:21f., cf. asakkam
Sar. said of a specific country, for hattu lemnu le-em-nam CHxliv56 (epilogue); lil.la .e .ne
in Sar. and Esarh. see hatti usage b; gimir hul.a.mes : zaqiqu lem-nu-ti CT 17 37:5f.;
ummanate ndkiri lem-nu-ti OIP 2 44 v 74 hul.g l imin.bi : lem-nu-ti sibittisu<nu>
(Senn.); CT 16 46:160f.; dKALxBE hul : se-e-du lem-nu
ad'is Barnakaja lem-nu-u-ti Borger
Esarh. 51 iii 56; [.. .] DU.a.ni sa.bi.ta ASKT p. 82-83 i 4; mare Bdbili galle lem-nu-ti
em.hul Elam.maki.kex : ikuamma iStu OIP 2 41 v 18, see galld usage c.
qereb lem-ne-ti E-lam-ti 4R 20:12f., cf. RN
ultu qereb KUR NIM.MAki lem-ne'-ti usannima 2' referring to magic activities: ina ep-si
Assurbanipal has brought me (Istar) out of HUL.MES Sa ameliti BMS 12:56, see Ebeling
wicked Elam Streck Asb. 58 vi 114; ajdba Handerhebung 78; ep-se-te-ki lem-ni-e-ti Maqlu
lem-na AKA 250 v 68 (Asn.), and see ajabu VII 76; ukkisi l-pi-sd IUL.MES sa zumrija
mng. la; zmdnu lem-nu-ti RAcc. 131:54, drive out the evil effects of witchcraft from
and see zdmanu usage b; amelu lem-na my body STC 2 pl.'79:55, also 4-pi-s4 IHUL.
ABL 1198:4; jarrdni lem-nu-tu bele ar[ni] MES AMT 87,1:2 and 5, 89,1 ii llf., u-pi-se
MVAG 21 82:4 (Kedorlaomer text); lem-na lem-nu-ti Ebeling KMI 76 K.8505:9, and passim;
Anzd ana kamesu Cagni Erra IIIc 33, cf. MUS. up-sa-Su-u lem-nu-ti Maqlu VII 145, and passim
MES lem-nu-tu AfO 14 303 (pl. 10) i 19 (Etana). in Maqlu, NTG.AG.A.ME HIUL.MES Sa a[melti]
Surpu V-VI 129; up-sa-se-e HUL-ti .d LU.MES
2' deeds: u teppasa epsa la-am-na ana BMS 7:51, and passim; napSalti amme lem-
muhhi LU.MES GN EA 287:71; epset LU Kaldi nu-ti(var. -tu) ipsusuninni they have rubbed
lem-ni-e-ti Lie Sar. 268; epsetiSunu lem-ni-e-ti me with a salve made of evil ingredients
... asmema Borger Esarh. 43 i 55 and 47 ii 50; KAR 80 r. 30, also Maqlu I 106, cf. ipussuma
epgstisunu lem-ni-e-ti usanndnimma OIP 2 samansu lem-nu BRM 4 18:15, cf. also ibid. 5;
50:16 (Senn.); epsetesunu lem-ni-e-ti ippal= kispisunu lem-nu-ti Maqlu II 72, etc., also
sima Streck Asb. 186 r. 22. kiSpikunu rEuhkunu lem-nu-ti Maqlu III 174;
kispisu HUL.[MES] BRM 4 18:1, and passim,
3' thoughts, words, etc.: missu awutum also kispi lem-nu-ti BMS 12:109, see von Soden,
la-mu-tum Sa t[aStanappara]nni why these Iraq 31 89; kispi~unu ruhii unu ruseSunu
evil words which you keep writing to me?
HU[L.MES] AfO 18 293:56; rik-si lem-nu-ti
TCL 14 43:3 (OA); awatam mimma le-mu-ut-
Ebeling KMI 76:20, rik-si.MES-si-nu HUL.MES
ta-am eSme ARM 3 18:5, cf. amata mimma
KAR 59 r. 18, see Ebeling Handerhebung 66.
saburta u le-mut-ta KBo 1 1 r. 31; I am
the one who brings to the king amatu taba u 3' referring to curses: the gods arratam
annama le-em-na good news and, at times, la-mu-tam lirurus UET 1 276 ii 7, and passim
bad EA 149:16; kipdi lem-[nu-ti ik]-pu-du-si in OAkk., see MAD 3 162; erretam le-mu-ut-tam
KAR 80:7; note with mimma: mimma lem- lirruu RA 33 52 iii 10 (Jahdunlim); arratla
nu Sa tazirru uhallaq ina mdti (until) he napSuri le-e-mu-ut-ta lirurus MDP 2 pl. 23 vi
removes from the country every evil that 27, and passim in kudurrus with la napSuri, also,
you (Samas) hate Gilg. III ii 18. wr. jHUL-ta BBSt. No. 11 ii 25, etc.; adu
arrdtiHUL.ME BBSt. No. 11 ii 17, asAu arrati
b) magically evil and dangerous - 1' de- HUL-ti 1R 70 ii 19 (Caillou Michaux).
scribing demons: ana al lem-nu u AN.TA.
SUB.BA nasdi ABL 24:9; utukku lem-nu, ali 4' in the expression mimma lemnu every-
lem-nu, etemmu lem-nu, galld lem-nu, ilu lem- thing evil: mim-ma lem-nu NU TE-4i BMS
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lemnu lemnu
12:119, cf. aj ith4 mim-ma lem-nu ibid. 62, citi lem-nu AMT 102:7f., also CT 17 33:40f.,
and passim in suilla-prayers and rits.; in enu- Jastrow, Transactions of the College of Physicians
merations: utukku Sdu rabisu etemmu las in Philadelphia 1913 p. 400:40; i. mu.un h ul. a
maStu labdsi ahhdzu lil lilitu ardat lilt u su.na mi.ni.in.gar.re.es : umunnd lem-
mim-ma lem-nu musabbitu ameiiti Maqlu I 139, nu ina zumriSu iskunu they have placed evil
cf. DINGIR.HUL.ME u mim-ma lem-nu LKA blood in his body CT 16 2:44f.
108:12, SAG.[HUL.HA.ZA isbassu] lu mim-ma
c) ill-boding, unlucky - 1' said of ittu sign:
lem-nu isbassu LKA 70 i 2, cf. 69:3, AN.TA.
lumun A.MES GISKIM.MES HUL.ME hattdti 4R
SUB.BA mim-ma lem-nu KAR 205 r. 9, lamaStu
60:44' and dupls. (namburbi, courtesy R. Caplice),
labdsu ahhzu dDIM.ME.TAB mim-ma lem-nu
also (with NU DUG.GA.MES) BMS 1:13, see Ebe-
KAR 56:18; ushamim-ma lem-na sukna dunqa
ling Handerhebung 6, and passim in suilla-prayers;
remove everything evil, put in goodness
GISKIM.MES li(!) HUL.MES PBS 1/2 106:26,
PBS 1/2 106:28, seeEbeling. ArOr 17/1 178; mim-
see ArOr 17/1 179; GISKIM HUL.A (var. HUL)
ma HUL §a UZU.ME§-ia KAR 221:15; mim-ma
sa ina supilrija GAL- the evil sign which
lem-nu sa ina zumur biti anni GAL-4 AfO 14
appeared in my fold Or. NS 36 10 r. 9 (nam-
146:122; mim-ma lem-nu sa hirakkaSSu (see
burbi), cf. GISKIM.MES HUL.MES Sa ina bitija
hdru A mng. Id) KAR 66:24, also ana mim-
GAL.MES-ma ASKT p. 75 r. 8; summa ina bit
ma lem-nu hi-ra-ku-ma KAR 297:12, but NIG.
ameli GISKIM.MES HUL.MES innamra if evil
HUL hi-ra-an-ni LKA 90 r. right col. 15; mim-
signs are seen in a man's house LKA 115:1;
ma lem-na mimma la tdba KAR 26 r. 31, cf. AAA
A.ME§ HUL(!).MES mala ittanabsd LKA 111:10;
22 62 r. ii 43 and Maqlu VII 175; attunu mim-
see also ittu A mng. 2a, 2b and 2c.
ma HUL mim-ma NU DbG.GA you (demons re-
presenting) everything evil, everything un- 2' other portents: uzu lem-nam ... lis
godly (whether you are male or female) kunSum may (Samas) give him an evil omen
BBR No. 49 r. 1. CH xliii 27, cf. UZU.MES HUL.MES LKA 108:22;
IUL (as prognosis, contrast sTG 5) TCL 6 5 r.
5' other occs.: awilam lam-nam (in broken 20ff.; SIG5 .MES-9j U HUL.MES-d Sutdbulu its
context) MDP 14 124 No. 90:16, cf. enam la- (the extispicy's) good and bad signs balance
munx(TIM)-tdm ibid. 4 (OAkk. rit.), note Tj each other CT 31 39 ii 24, and passim, see
IGI I I HUL [...] herb for the evil eye CT 14 abalu A mng. 10e; SIG5 .MES-sC ana HUL.MES-
32 K.9061:8f., see also inu mng. la-4'; sd 1 TA.[AM DIRI] (if) its good signs outnum-
li.hul igi.hul ka.hul eme.hul : lem-nu ber its bad ones (even) by one CT 31 46:5, cf.
Ja pa-ni lem-nu pu-u lem-nu li-d-nu MIN ibid. 6, SIG5 .MES- d U HUL.MES-A4 ballu
CT 16 31:105f., mim-ma lem-nu KA lem-nu CT 31 46:16 and 47:18; SIG5 .MES-4 ma'du
EME lem-n[u] Or. NS 36 280:12 (namburbi); HUL.MES-d Zis CT 31 46:11f., also PRT 126
sag.ki hul.gal igi hul.gal ka hul.gal r. 6, and passim; tertaka SIG5 .MES U IUL.MES
eme hul.gal numdun hul.gal uIx hul. TUK-ma CT 20 48 iv 26 (all SB).
g l : pa-an lem-nu-ti i-nu le-mut-td pu-u
3' days or months: ITI HUL di this is a
lem-nu li-Sd-an le-mut-td ap-ti le-mut-ti
bad month ABL 673 r. 8, cf. UD HUL.GAL
im-td le-mut-ti ASKT p. 84-85:31ff.; ka.hul.
ABL 519:26; ina UD HUL.GAL ina E.SIR 4.MA
gal eme.hul.gl : pi lem-nu lisdnu le-
irtanammukma he washes (himself with it)
mut-t CT 16 33:177f.; [lu].eme.hul.gal.e
at a crossroad on an unlucky day AMT 95,2:5,
as.bal mu.un.na.ab.dug 4 .ga : [Sa] liSdnu
cf. um rimki UD HUL.GAL UD.30.KAM BMS
le-mut-tum iruruSu 5R 50 i 69f., lisdnu [le]-
61:12 and gurpu VIII 43, also, wr. UD.HEI.GAL
mut-t[um] ana ahdti lizzizu Iraq 18 62:31, and
BMS 61:12, see Landsberger Kult. Kalender 119.
passim in this context; KA-ki lem-nu epera
lim[mali] may your evil mouth be filled with 4' other ominous occs.: andku ...
.. Ad izbu
dust Maqlu VII 109; su.si ihul.gal nam. lem-nu GAR-ma palhku I, beset by an evil
l1.uux(GIGAL).u.kex(KID) : tiris ubtni ames (portending) malformed animal, am afraid
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lemnu lemnu
Or. NS 34 130 r. 3, cf. ibid. 127 r. 3 (namburbi); ibid. 8 (OB inc.); for titurru lemnu dangerous
inim.gar hul.dim.ma kalam.ma.ke : causeway and kibru lemnu dangerous em-
egirrd lem-nu a nisi AMT 102:8, cf. inim. bankment, see SBHp. 15 cited in lex. section;
gar sag.ba hul : ana egirre mdmzt lem-ni HI.GAR HUL isabbat a dangerous rebellion will
Surpu V-VI 154f., cf. also pdair Sundti HUL. seize (the towns along the river) CT 39 17:55
MES BMS 6:7, see Ebeling Handerhebung 34, (SB Alu); bartam le-em-mu-tam KBo 1 5 iii 19
also Sunatu pardate HUL.MES KAR 26:4, and 21; for lemnu zirzirru see zirzirruusage a.
sunatu parddti HUL.MES NU.DUG.GA.MES
JRAS 1929 285:11. 2' unhappy, fateful: iime HUL.ME§ andti
i[sd]ti unhappy days, few years (in a curse)
d) dangerous, hard, bitter, unhappy, MDP 10 pl. 12 iv 13; amelu sci UD HUL immar
fateful, bad (in taste or smell)- 1' dangerous, this man will experience unhappy days
hard, bitter: said of winds, storms: Sru KAR 386:73 (SB Alu); Simat le-mut-tu(var.
lem-nu ina elippatikunu lusatbd may (the -tim) lisimSu may (the goddess) assign him
god) make a dangerous storm rise against an unhappy destiny Borger Esarh. 76:24, cf.
your ships Borger Esarh. 109 iv 11; kima agi sgmti (var. simat) HUL-tim (var. [le]-mut-ti)
Sa uppaqu daru lem-na like the waves which a 8urpu IV 19; Sipra le-em-na ana nisi ipus
bad storm stirs up STC 2 pl. 80:62; mehe sdru E[nlil] Enlil has wrought a fateful deed for
lem-nu ilmd amdmis storms and a strong mankind Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis p. 86 II viii
wind circle the sky MVAG 21 88:13 (Kedorlao- 35 (OB).
mer text); sa sdri lem-ni(var. -nu) kima isscri 3' bad (in taste or smell): i HUL u i KU6
akassa iddsu Cagni Erra 187; im.hul im. bad fat and fish oil CT 23 26:10, also AMT
hul.bi.ta : itti imhulli sari lem-ni (they 34,6:2; I.SUMUN lem-nu Labat TDP 192:38.
whirl) together with the imhullu, the bad
storm CT 16 19:38f., cf. im mir.ra im 2. (in predicative use) evil, unhappy, bad:
hul. a : mehi sdru lem-nu ibid. 25f., cf. also atta la tide kima auiini ld-am-nu-ni do you
En. el. IV 45; [sdru] lem-nu izqamma Cagni not know that our colleagues are mean?
Erra I 174, cf. iziqam sa-ru-um le-em-nu-um TCL 14 40:29; utukkat lam-na-at she is a
Bohl Leiden Coll. 2 4:19 (OB inc.); IM.MES lem- demon, she is evil BIN 4 126:5 (OA inc.), see
nu-ti SAHAR im-hul-li KUB 4 20:8; said of von Soden, Or. NS 25 142; [sa]ttum le-em-n[e-et]
diseases: mursu HUL ritkusu ittija a terrible the year will be bad (as to weather) ZA 43
disease is afflicting me Scheil Sippar No. 2:8, 309:2 (OB astrol.), cf. [kus]su le-mu-un um
see Ebeling Handerhebung 8; gig .ga h ul. a m: matum te ma iBd winter is evil, summer is
mursu lem-nu BA 5 639 No. 8:7f., GIG di'i reasonable (bil. proverb, Sum. broken)
lem-nu JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 2:4, cf. sa nig. Lambert BWL 241 ii 38; ittu sa ana Sarri lem-
hul : sir'anu lem-nu ASKT p. 82-83:21, also nd-ti ana mdti dam-qat(!) ittu sa ana mdti
tu.ra hul : [mur]-su lem-nu ibid. 84-85:58; damqati ana sarri lem-n[et] a sign which
gall drips from his claws gir.bi usx.hul.a : (portends) evil for the king can be favorable
kibissu imtu le-mut-ti wherever he steps for the country, a sign which is favorable for
(there is) dangerous poison BIN 2 22:35f.; the country can (portend) ill for the king
mutu lem-nu asarraksuniti I (Sin) will send a Thompson Rep. 199:1; [bin]itu le-em-ne-et
terrible disease upon them Streck Asb. 32 iii VAS 10 214 viii 17 (OB lit.); I know kima
124; ina Satti sudtu ina muti lem-ni uhalliqu la-mi-in Sumka ana pani sarri that your
napsassu they took his life with a terrible name is vilified before the king EA 97:5;
disease in the same year ibid. 212:17, cf. BE lem-ne-te ana pani Sarri belija I am vilified
HUL imdt he will die of a terrible disease KAR before the king, my lord EA 180:19; le-em-
395 r. ii 23 (SB Alu), also Kraus Texte 22 i 25; lis ne-ti-ma you are evil Bab. 12 pi. 12 v 16 (OB
ballia ... suruppdm le-em-na-am let them Etana), lem-ne-ta-ma ibid. pi. 3 r. 30 (SB), also
soothe the terrible ague JCS 9 10 HTS 2:26, cf. dannmta padqdtalem-nd-ta ajdbdta AMT 97,1: 9;
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lemnu lemnu
parda undtua lem-na zaf4 BMS 12:57, see enemy Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadocien-
Ebeling Handerhebung 78; ina pi siiqi le-mun nes 26:13, cf. imam a-lam-ni-Su atuwar ibid.
egirria Lambert BWL 32:53 (Ludlul I); mas 15; kima ld-am-ni-im(!) ihharranimetanaps
hultupp a paniiu lem-nu the scapegoat pisini CCT 3 34b: 14 (OA); ana lem-ni u galle
whose appearance is unlucky AfO 14 146:119; itira ibri Lambert BWL 34:85 (Ludlul I);
asahhurma le-mun le-mun-ma wherever I le-mu-un amas u RN Sa iraggamu he who
turn, there is evil everywhere Lambert BWL makes a claim (in that legal case) is an enemy
38:2 (Ludlul II); summa libba le-mun if in of Samar and RN CT 6 36a:15, cf. CT 8 28c:22,
his heart he is unhappy (contrast summa 38b:9, Waterman Bus. Doc. 14 r. 3 (all OB);
libba baddi'i) ZA 43 83:2 and 98:28, cf. sum: representations §a ... irti lem-ni utarru
ma le-mun (preceded by ilar) ibid. 102:33 which turn back the evildoer Borger Esarh.
(Sittenkanon); summa alu GURUS.ME- HUL 61 vi 16, cf. lui.hul.gal gaba M.gi.bi
if the men of a city are unhappy CT 38 3:63 za.e.me.en : a lem-ni ina musi mu-tir
(SB Alu); gis.hur.bi ba.hul: usurtaSunu irtiSu atta ASKT p.79:22f., also gaba gi
lem-nd-et CT 16 43:66f., also a.ra.bi hul 1u..hul.gal : mu-tir irti lem-ni 4R 21 B r. 15;
ba.an.[x] : alaktaSunu lem-ne-[et] ibid. let lem-ni mahas iep lem-ni kubus irat lem-ni
43:48f.; li.bi lu.hul lu.bi nam.lu.ux.lu sikip slap the evildoer, step on the evildoer,
u1.hul lu.bi lI1.hul : amelu 4le-mun amlu throw down the evildoer KAR 58:6, cf. AfO 12
sd ina nisi le-mun MIN ibid. 23:329ff., also 143:28f. (edin.na.dib.bi.da-rit.), also sdkip
cited TCL 6 34 i 3; in broken context: le-mu- lem-ni AfO 14 144:57, sakip irat lem-ni
un ABL 1316 r. 5 (NB). KAR 298 r. 20; duppir lem-nu AMT 99,3 r. 7,
lemnu s.; evildoer, enemy, evil; from OA, AfO 14 144:58, and passim; kuBud lem-nu
Maqlu II 145, cf. PBS 1/2 116:11; lem-nu liptur
OB on; stat. const. lemun, pl. lemni and
lemnitu; wr. syll. and HUL (CT 28 33 r. 10); ina panika the evildoer should flee from
cf. lemnu. you KAR 58:7; amas lem-na ana qdt
mahisi lumelli may Sama deliver the evil-
[ld].hul = le-em-nu, ma-ds-kum OB Lu B i 40f.;
u1.h ul = lem-nu-u, [lui.bu]l = a-a-rbu-uml OB Lu doer into the hand of the executioner
A 37f.; [ld.nig.h ul] lu-ni-hu-ul (pronunciation) = AfO 14 300 and pl. 9 i 6 (MB Etana); [a]na subat
le-em-nu = (Hitt.) hu-wa-ap-pa-as KBo 1 30:15, ildni asar lem-nu la i'arru Cagni Erra IIc 35;
cf. [h1i.nig.hul.b]ul lu-ni-hu-ul-hu-ul = le-em-nu idammiq lem-nu the evildoer will become
ibid. 22, in MSL 12 214.
hul.gal he.me.en : lu-d lem-nu atta CT 16
good KAR 250:9, see Ebeling Handerhebung 60;
27:1f.; gis.phr nu.dib.ba hul.gal.se ru.a : asium massarti Esagila dunnunim le-em-nim
gigparru la etequ 9a ana lem-ni ret (see gilparru u SaggiSu ana Babilam la sandqam in order
lex. section) CT 17 34:llf.; e.ne.ne.ne hul.a. to strengthen the defense of Esagila (and to
mes : sunu lem-nu-ti CT 16 3:84f., and passim;
ensure) that the wicked enemy cannot draw
[...] x kur hb.en.gul.e [...].me.a bad sig4
zil.la [...] x.bi ki ld.kur.me.a [...].se near to Babylon VAB 4 90 ii 2, cf. ibid. 82 i 8,
h6.en.la.e : eli ajabinioadu li-ab-bit eli lem-ni-ni 118 iii 1 (all Nbk.); lem-nu u muSanhisu la mati
diru §a iqipu limqut erset nakri lir[t]e88i ina gim= ku-la-a keep(?) the evil instigator from the
[rita] let the mountain collapse on our enemies, country ABL 1341:7 (NB), cf. mannu ana
let the buckling wall fall on our antagonists, let the
country of the foe be completely bewitched Lam-
lem-ni-id (in broken context) BIN 1 25:47
bert BWL 228:15-18. (NB let.); ca le-em-nim la babil pani of the
dEn.ki.kex(KiD) ses.si(var. .a).me§ :§a merciless foe VAB 4 120 iii 30 (Nbk.); beside
Ea lem-nu-ti .unu they are enemies of Ea CT 16 ajdbu: le-em-nu-um u ajdbum birkasu iqallila
15:12, 49f., 55.
the evil foe will act swiftly Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 iv
za-wa-nu = lem(var. le-em)-nu An VIII 80; za-
ma-nu, a-mi-Ju = lem-nu Malku I 83f.; za-ma-nu 30 (OB let.); 7 muihuiu ert sgzuzuti sa le-em-
= lem-nu Surpu p. 50 Comm. B 13; a-a-bi = lem-nu nim u ajabi izannu imat miiti (see imtu
Izbu Comm. 47; za-i-rum = lem-[nu] ibid. 427. mng. 2b) VAB 4 210:27 (Ner.); idgid lem-ni u
a) evildoer, enemy - 1' in the sing.: ana ajdbi (Ninurta) who destroys the wicked
lam-ni-Ju la tutarrini do not make me his enemy AKA 29 i 11 (Tigl. I), cf. cumqut lem-
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lemnu-amelu lemtk
nu u ajdbi Craig ABRT 1 81:13; tdrid ajdbi u matima ana arkat umi lu ina mari GN lu
lem-ni AfO 14 144:54, cf. lem-na ajdba mamma sandmma ... lu sakla lu sakka lu
KAR 26:53; Sarru ana mat IJUL u ajdbi i(?)- samd lu lem-nu-L uma'aruma nard annd
[.. .] CT 28 33 r. 10 (SB Izbu?), cf. (beside ina abni inaqqaru whenever in later days
ajdbu) Maqlu II 84 and 98, AAA 22 60 r. ii 48, either one of the inhabitants of GN or some-
SBHp. 59:30, etc., see ajdbu mng. 1. one else incites a fool, a deaf man, a cripple,
2' in the plural: iktanassas le-em-ni-sa or a villain to smash this stela with a stone
(see gasdsu A mng. 3a) RA 15 176 ii 20 (OB BBSt. No. 6 ii 34 (Nbk. I), of. ibid. No. 5 iii 12
Agusaja); istu lem-ni-u (var. lem-ni-e-sc) (Marduk-apla-iddina I).
ikmi En. el. I 73, IV 123, cf. kdmi HIUL.ME§ See lummunu-amelu.
ZA 43 17:57 (SB lit.); Zababa sa lem-nu-tu lemf (lemu, lemmu) adj.; unwilling,
Babili imessu who casts the enemies of disobedient; OB, Mari, Bogh., MB, SB;
Babylon to the ground VAB 4 184 iii 73 (Nbk.), predicative state OB lemi/u, MB, SB lem.
cf. musamqit lem-nu-te AKA 243 i 6 (Asn.), nu.un.e : il-la-a-a, le-e-mu NBGT IV 17f.;
Unger Reliefstele 4 (Adn. III), muabbit lem-nu-ti nu.se = le-e-mu Erimhus IV 146; for bil. refs.
AKA 257 i 8 (Asn.), also Craig ABRT 1 59:9, see with nu.se, see usage b.
Ebeling Handerhebung 96, muSamqit lem-ni le-em-ma = ti-mu (followed by el-la-a-a = la ma-
AfO 17 312 A 17; ddiku HUL.MES AAA 22 62 r. ga-ru) Malku VIII 115.
ii 33; [h]ulliq ajdbija turud lem-[ni-ia] a) in OB, Bogh. letters: neum UD.5.KAM
destroy my enemies, drive out my adver- ina libbi rugbim uSib kalbam u ahem iddd
saries BMS21:64, cf. ajdbi u lem-nu-ti (in summa akalam le-mu the lion has been on
broken context) AfO 19 117:22; ana ulluqu the roof for five days (now), they have thrown
lem-nu-ti BMS 8:24, ana sakap I UL.MES a dog and a pig to him but he is unwilling to
AAA 22 44 ii 12, qdm lem-nu-ti Maqlu II 142; eat ARM 2 106:17; ITI.3.KAM iterba alad
akul ajdbja aruh lem-nu-ti-ia Maqlu II 132; kamma le-mi-at the third month has begun
attama ta-rid-su-nu sa lem-nu-ti kalisunu but you are unwilling to come (back) Kraus
you (Lugalgirra) are the one who can drive AbB 1 30:19; awile taskipamma atta aldkamma
away all the enemies AfO 14 142:53 (bit le-ma-at awild katama uqawwka you have
mesiri); who removed with his holy spell repulsed the gentlemen and (still) you are
nagab lem-nu-ti En. el. VII 34; lunessl HUL. unwilling to come, but the gentlemen will
MES-ia may (the anhullu-amulets) keep wait for you anyway ibid. 36:7, cf. le-me-a-at
my enemies far away BMS 12:73, cf. lip= ald[kam] are you unwilling to come? ABIM
tattiru kisir JUL.MES.MU ibid. 83, see Ebeling 19:14; ana ummidnika weriam taddimma
Handerhebung 80; exceptional: where they jdsim le-me-a-ti naddnam you gave copper
formerly performed a festival ana lem-nu.MES to your creditor but you are not willing to
for the evil (gods) Herzfeld API 30:29, cf. give me (any) UET 5 6:9; ituma aSaum
lem-nu.MES annitu attapal I tore down the alakija ana awilim ta~purimma awilum le-
temple of these evil (gods) ibid. 30 (Xerxes). mu-U since you wrote to the gentleman con-
b) evil: NAM.BUR.BI HUL.Di~.A.BI nam- cerning my coming and (since) the gentleman
burbi-ritual against any kind of evil ABL 370 is not willing (to let me come) RA 53 32a:5 (all
r. 3, also ABL 23:14; lem-nu ikammisu evil OB); parzilla ana epeAi le-mi-e-nu we are
will overwhelm him KAR 177 r. ii 12, and pas- unable to make iron KBo 1 14:21 (let.).
sim in hemers.; [i]nima le-em-ni arditika ina b) in MB, SB lit.: An dug 4 .ga.mah.zu
panika jiq[bu] when they say evil things sag ba.gin ul.la mu.lu im.me a.a
about your servants to you EA 239:24, cf. dim.me.er.e.ne.kex(KID) inimen.zu an.
le-em-na ... ul iqbi EA 94:6. ki.a te.me.en.bi dingir.na.me nu.se :
lemnu-amlu s.; evil man, villain; MB; Ann qibitka sirtu ina mahri illak ulla mannu
wr. lem-nu-Li ; cf. lemenu. iqabbi abi ildni amatka temen Same n erseti
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lemu 1lmu
aji ilu le-em-ma (var. li-i'(for -im)-mu) Anu, le-e-mu = [...] (between kadszu and ma'i)
your holy utterance takes precedence, who CT 18 9 K.13654:6.
would say "no" (to you), father of the gods, 1. to take food or drink - a) (negated)
which god disobeys your word, the foundation in the idiom to take no bread or beer (or
of heaven and earth? TCL 6 51:7-10, dupl. ibid. water), i.e., to fast: adi enea la tdmuru akalam
52:4, see RA 11 147:5; zag ki.a inim.duo0 sikaram la td-la-'a-mu before you have met
nam.ama.dInnin.zu li.bi.in.kin.kin me you shall not take bread or beer (curse)
dingir.na.me(!) duo 1 .du 10 .ak.ak.bi nu. RA 23 25:13 (OAkk. let.); adi tasakkanusu
se : adi asrat salim ilutika la iste'd ilu mamr akalam u me ul te-le-e-em until you deliver
man te-es-pi-su le-em-ma as long as he does it (the ring), you will not take bread or water
not search for the place of your divine for- JCS 17 85:27 (OB let.), cf. akalam u me ul
giveness, no god is willing (to hear) his prayer e-le-em-mi Fish Letters 4:24; DN u DN, ki
RA 12 74:31f., emended from dupl. BiOr 9 pl. 4 aki sa mar sipri sa belija sipirti issdmma
VAT 16439b r. 4, cf. DINGIR le-e-mi MIO 12 54 iddinu a-ka-lu [il me-e al-[hel-me fx] GUN
r. 3 (MB lit.); ana pard'a le-e-mu unwilling parzilla ana kaspi [la a]ssdmma [ana] belija
to cut off (the thread) ZA 4 252:19, see 237:43. la usebila by Bel and Nabu! when the
Since only stative forms are attested, all messenger of my lord brought the message
occurrences have been united here under the and delivered it, I did not take food or
adjectival form lemu, attested in lex. The (even) water (until) I obtained x talents
statives lemi, lemidt, etc., which presuppose of iron and sent (it) to my lord CT 22 4:12
a by-form *lem, and the stative lemma are (NB let.); when RN died akale u me ina
difficult to reconcile with the lex. refs. umi sasu ul e[l]-h[e]-e[m] I did not take food
Possibly there existed a defective verb *lemu or water on that day EA 29:57 (let. of Tusratta),
and from MB on its stative lemi was replaced cf. akale ul al-he-em Iraq 17 37 No. 7:12 (NB
by the predicative state lem(u/i). (Istar) let.).
sakipat le-em-mi-ia (var. la ma-gi-ri-'-ia) who
b) other occs. - 1' in NB: NINDA.MES
overthrows my enemies (variant: those
ri-iq-qu la i-le-he-em he should not eat the
disobedient to me) CT 36 6:23, var. from BIN
bread of an idle fellow CT 22 14:29; ki mala
2 33, see AfK 1 30 i 23 (MB kudurru), should
amelutti sa tdbta sa DUMU Jakini il-he-mu
probably be emended to lemnija, although
salindu ina pisu taltemi all those who have
la magdru also corresponds to Sum. nu.se.
tasted the salt of the tribe of Jakin (and)
lemu see lemi. from whose mouth you have heard talk of
lemiu see lIdmu. peace ABL 747 r. 7.
lemu (or le'emu, le'dmu, lehemu, lahdmu) v.; 2' in med.: mimmu i-lem-mu ina libbisu
1. to take food or drink, 2. to soften (in the la indh (if the sick man suffers from .... -
mouth), to crush(?); OAkk., OB, Bogh., disease) whatever he eats does not stay in his
EA, SB, NA, NB; I ilem - ilm (or ile'em) stomach Kocher BAM 156:1; summa ina pisu
and ilhem - ilehhim (OAkk. td-la-'a-mu subbutma mimma la i-lem if he has an ob-
RA 23 25:13), 1/2. struction in his mouth and he cannot eat or
su-u v = le-e-mu A IT/4:64; su-u ~tr = le-e-mu, drink anything Labat TDP 64:41, cf. 192:31,
ba-ru-u, ge-bu-4 Antagal F 257 ff.; su-u 9t = le-e-mu cf. summa amelu MIN akala u sikara la i-le-em
Idu II 257; [u] [u 5 ] = le-e-[mu] A II/6 C 32. AMT 14,7:5, Kocher BAM 66 r. 8; uncert.: akas
[a.til.ta] a.id.da [ba.ra.an].su.bi.de.en la u sikara la i-lem Kiichler Beitr. pl. 11 iii 38.
: me biri me nari la te-le-me do not drink water
from a well or water from a river JTVI 26 155 iv 13, 3' in rit.: bfra teherri kima me tetamru me
dupls. RA 17 148 K.5443 i 5, CT 16 11 v 65f.;
Suniti ana mahar Samad tanaqqi ... me
ninda nu.mu.un.su.su (gloss u-ul il-te-em) (the
dying man) did not take any food Kramer Two suniti te-le-he-em you dig the well, when you
Elegies 52:10 (coll.). have found the water you libate this water
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lemuntu lemuttu
before Samar (and only then) you can drink calamity; from OA, OB on; lamuttu in OA,
this water CT 38 23 K.2312:17, dupl. ibid. 24 lemuntu ARM 10 177:5, MVAG 21 88 r. 5 (Kedor-
BM 34092 r. 3; i-le-em-ma CT 4 8a:42. laomer text), pl. lemndtu and lemn tu; wr. syll.
and HUL (with phon. complements), SAL.UL,
4' in other contexts: kamisSari sa GN e-le-
NIG.HUL; cf. lemenu.
em-me tdbu I am used to eating the pears of
[ka.h]ul.dim.ma = KA le-mu-te evil utterance
GN, they are delicious ARM 4 42:16; kalit lzi F 328, cf. [ka.h]ul qa-a-hu-ul (pronunciation)
kalimi sehri sa adina jammu la i-le-em-mu = pu-u HUL-[ti] Kagal D Fragm. 4:11; nig.hul.
tubbal tahassal you dry (and) crush the dim.ma = e-pi-i le-mu-ut-tim, ma-ds-kum Nigga
kidney of a young lamb that has not yet Bil. B 85f.; lu.id . ul.gig.ga.ak = sa le-mu-ut-
tam e-ep-u one who has committed a wicked act
eaten grass AMT 85,1 ii 8; [...] la i-le-em-
OB Lu A 40; lu.nig.hul.nu.zu = §a le-mu-tam
mu-u (in broken context, parallel: [...] la i-du-e OB Lu B v 45; ni-in-nim BUL = MUSEN
ikkalu line 7) KUB 37 No. 64a:9 and 11 (inc.). le-[mu-ut-ti] evil-portending bird Ea I 98a;
[ni-in-na] [BUL] = [§d dIN.BUL+BUL MUSEN es-Se-
2. to soften (in the mouth), to crush(?) p]u-u, [is]-r[u-rul HVUL-td A 1/2:333; dNin.BUL+
M
- a) to soften in the mouth: erena ia pisu BUL N (= ni-in)musen = is-sur le-mut-ti Hh. XVIII
ina'is (var. una'as) u Nisaba ina pigu i-le- 335, cf. dNin.BUL+BUL musen = is-sur le-mut-ti =
[e]s-e-pu Hg. B IV 232, Hg. D III 345, in MSL 8/2
em(var. -')-ma (the bard) chews cedar in his
p. 166 and 176.
mouth and he softens(?) grain in his mouth hul.a mu.un.ga.ga : le-mut-ta(var. -turn)
BBR No. 11 r. i 6, var. from No. 75-78:17, cf. iSkunu they created evil CT 16 2:51; nig.hul.a
NINDA u Nisaba sa ina pisu i-le-mu ina sapal kin.kin.na.mes : le-mut-td istene'' Sunu they
constantly plan wickedness CT 16 20:104f.;
sepesu ikabbasma ina muhhi izzaz he tramples
under his feet the bread and the grain which [igi] nig.hul.dim.ma mu.un.si.in.bar.ra :
mni la ana JvUL-tim ippalsuka the eye that looks
he had softened(?) in his mouth and stands evilly upon you CT 17 33:26.
on it BBR No. 11 r. i 13 and dupl. No. 73:13; NfG.siG5 // da-ml-iq-ti NfG.HUL // le-mut-tum
obscure: Sa le-a-mi ana sarri e-[...] Or. NS CT 41 29:12 (Alu Comm., to Tablet XLV); im-
hul-lum = sd-a-ru le-mu-ut-tim Malku III 181;
20 402 ii 19 (NA rit.).
im-sih-hu = sd-ar le-mu-ut-tum ibid. 184.
b) to crush(?): Ninagal who carries the a) in gen.: Sanitummi lu le-mu-ut-ta-ni
upper and lower millstones Sa danna era kima even if(?) the other woman is our misfortune
maski i-le-mu pdtiquu-x-[...] which crush(?) JCS 15 9 iv 23 (OB lit.), cf. i'UL-ta-ni suteh
the strong copper as leather, who casts [...] mulma (see hamalu) Tn.-Epic "ii" 15; HUL-ta
Cagni ErraI 160, cf. za.e urudu.nig.kala. zirma kitta rd[m] hate what is evil, love what
ga kus.ginx(GIM) h.mu.e.Ii : atta era is right BE 1/1 No. 83 r. 24 (kudurru); he who
dannu kima maski [...] Lugale XI 11, see desecrates this temple ana le-mu-ut-tim u la
Falkenstein, ZA 53 207.
damiqtim i-ku-pu-sum assigns(?) it to evil
The cited forms belong to three different and inappropriate purposes Syria 32 16 iv 26
variants of the same verb: 1. OB and SB (Jahdunlim); summa NAM.BE summa NIG.IJUL
lemu, to which belong OAkk. *lahdmu (ta DUG4 .GA-su either death or misfortune is
la'am) and NA le'dmu; 2. OB and SB *lemi, predicted for him CT 39 45:27 (SB Alu); NIG.
attested only in the present tense forms GIG imhuranni SAL.IUL ipada jati evil has
telemme, elemme, and elemmi; 3. NB lehemu befallen me, misfortune holds me in fetters
(pret. alhem, pres. ilehhem), note also SB PBS 1/1 14:2 and dupls.; in idiomatic phrases
telehhem; these forms seem to be influenced as object of verbs, e.g., of abalu: sarru ana
by a cognate Aram. root, cf. lehem. matiSu IUL-ta ubbal the king will bring
Oppenheim Beer n. 39. misfortune to his country ACh Supp. Istar
lemuntu see lemuttu. 33:66, cf. rubii ana matiu IUL ubbala LBAT
1543:7, see Iraq 29 129; of a4dzu: you have
lemuttu (lemuntu, lamuttu) s.; wickedness, created conflict tu.ahhaza l[e-m]ut-ti you
misfortune, danger, evil intentions or plans, have kindled evil Lambert BWL 170 i 29 (fable),
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lemuttu lemuttu
cf. alik pan ummani usahhaza le-mut-t[a] (var. of semu: [l]e-mu-ta-ka la ese[mme] Aro, WZJ 8
SAL.HJUL-tU) Cagni Erra IV 25; of alaku: ld- 571 HS 113:12 (MB let.); of e'd: awilam
mu-tam mimma a-li-k-kum BIN 6 260:18, Sdtu sa le-mu-un-tam is-te(text -4e)-ne-§i-im
cf. kima §a awilum ana awilim ld-mu-tdm illis ilum idta'alu the god has already questioned
kuni tepusannima (see alaku mng. 4a-1') CCT the man who constantly plotted evil against
2 39:8 (both OA); of amaru: SAL.HUL-s4 immar her ARM 10 177:5; istene'a HUL-ti (var. SAL.
TCL 6 9 r. 12; of bu'i: [sa] ana Assur matisu HUL-ti) ana kasdd ummanateja he plotted
niSesuHJL-ti latabtu uba'uma Winckler Samm- constantly to defeat my troops Streck Asb. 44
lung 2 1:19 (Sar., charter of Assur); of epesu: v 24, and passim in Asb.; of zakdru: see
[le]-mut-ta [la] teppus Lambert BWL 240 ii 18, zakdru mng. 4b-2'.
le-mu-ut-ta la teppusannima BE 17 85:5
(MB let.); sa SAL.HUL annitam ipusuninni b) qualifying a noun - 1' as nomen
who did this evil (magic) to me LKA 115:10, rectum in stat. const. formations: PN a-sar 1d-
and passim, see epesu mng. 2c (lemuttu), epic mu-tim ise'eka (umma sutma) PN has looked
le-mut-ti OIP 2 48:6 (Senn.), and see pisles for you in .... CCT 3 43a:18 (OA let.); si-ip
mutti; of hasasu: ahsusa HUL-t[im] Cagni Erra le-mu-ut-tim an unfortunate arrival YOS 10
V 6; of bulluqu: hulliqi UL-tim (var. -[UL-X]) 44:58, and passim in omens, note also ana nasah
destroy the evil (that affects) me BMS 2:6, ip
IHUL-tim AAA 22 50 iii 23, cf. KAR 44:20,
see Ebeling Handerhebung 24; of idl: lu li-i- K.10333 r. 4' (namburbi, courtesy R. Caplice).; tibi
mu-ta e-du Sa el-ta-Su-u-ka dEN he who calls(?) le-mu-ut-tim a dangerous invasion YOS 10
to you, Lord, has indeed experienced mis- 17:27, wr. zi-ib SAL.HUL BRM 4 12:82, and
fortune STT 65:38; of kdnu: ana ilani passim, but ZI.GA IUL-tim Or. NS 39 142:2;
abbea le-mut-ta-ki tuktinni you have fully KA NiG.HUL uttazzam CT 38 10:21; INIM HUL-
established your evil plans against the gods, tum KIN--ma bad news will be brought to
my fathers En. el. IV 84; of kapddu: see him CT 40 49:38, cf. amat HUL-ti ana rube
kapddu mng. la; of kullu: summa le-mu-tdm itehhd KAR 152 r. 10; NA.BI INIM HUL-tim
ti-kd-a-al if you have evil intentions CCT 4 inneppussu an evil accusation will be made
36a:27 (OA), cf. le-mu-ut-ta ul 4-ki-il I did against this man CT 38 29:42, cf. LU.NA.ME
not have evil intentions Bab. 12 pi. 14:14 (Eta- ina KA HUL-tim izakkar u somebody will
na), and cf. mu-ki-il le-mut-ti ana ibrisu speak evil of him CT 40 10:24, also ibid. 8
ibid. 24; of nadi: le-mut-ta(var. -ti) ittadi ina K.7932:19; mamma awat le-mu-ut-ti-ka ina
(var. ana) karsiga she conceived an evil plan pani [...] somebody [spoke(?)] a calumny
En. el. I 44; of qabil: aSu andku ... aqbid against you before [...] KUB 3 16 r. 24;
SAL.HUL because I, myself, gave evil advice should he remove its king from his palace
(in the assembly of the gods) Gilg. XI 119 and itti a-mat HUL-tim u MU NU SIG5 in misfortune
120; the gods Suqamuna and Suma[lija] and defamation AAA 20 pl. 98f. No. 105 r. 12
lu qbii HUL-ti-['u] should be his accusers (Adn. III), cf. amat H;UL-ti-ni Tn.-Epic "v" 28;
BBSt. No. 4 iv 4, cf. kil karsi qa-bu-u le-mut-ti ipSu bartu KA JUL-tim KAR 80:29, of. Knudtzon
Lambert BWL 104:129, also gurpu II 12, qdbi Gebete 115:6, and passim in such enumerations;
le-mu-tim YOS 10 54:14 (OB physiogn.); of duluhhz a-mat IUL-tim sudduruni kajdn con-
Sakanu: Enlil IUL-ta ina mati GAR-an Enlil fusion, misfortune follow in succession for me
will inflict a calamity upon the country constantly Streck Asb. 252 r. 7; mimma a-mat
KAR 384 r. 11 (SB Alu), cf. HUL-tim KUR GAR- le-mut-te ihassasani Weidner Tn. 29 No. 16: 132;
an Thompson Rep. 85: 1, and passim in omen apod- who mimma a-ma-at HUL-ti ikappudu thinks
oses, cf. Am.hul.a.an.na mar.ra.asi : up any evil stratagem MDP 6 pl. 10 v 9 (MB
ana le-mut-ti iiaknuu SBH p. 119 r. 22f.; kudurru); see also sub rabisu; da ... EME
you have put a curse on our father and (now) HUL-tim ana muhhi uma'aruma he who sends
SAL.IUL idmakin ina panidu a calamity has a mischievous person to (the stela to erase
been inflicted upon him Streck Asb. 22 ii 124; my name) VAS 1 36 v 3 (NB kudurru); EME
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lemuttu lemuttu
HUL-tim karsi taSqirti (he caused) slander, K. 7588:15, with ana UL-ti BRM4 15:21; rub
wrong accusation (and) lies Borger Esarh. 41 mdlikuu ana SAL.HUL imallikuu the prince's
i 26; §U.[S]I HIUL-ti arkiSu t[arsat] AMT 71,1:6, advisors will give him bad advice Leichty Izbu
cf. su.hul bi.in. du.a : a ... ubin le-mut-ti XI 120 and 124; ilu ana ameli ana HUL-ti
itarrasu Lambert BWL 119: 7f.; u-pi HUL-ti idtene'e KAR 153 r.(!) 24, also Maqlu II 207;
BMS 50:17, cf. nfg.nam.hul.dim.ma : ildni mdta ana HUL-ti ireddi the gods will
mimma e-ped le-mut-ti OECT 6 p. 5 4 r. 23f.; IM govern the country in an evil way CT 40
HUL-tim idipanni KAR 184 r.(!) 45; ina idi 39:29, and passim with redd; [LU.KITR SAG.ER]IM
iUL-tim (var. SAL.HUL) Sitiqanni Craig ABRT ana HUL-ti -kal // LU.KUR pa-ni ERIM-ia ana
2 7 r. 13 and dupls., cf. [...] IHUL-tim Situqu HUL-tim i-dag-gal ROM 991:15 (Izbu Comm.,
KAR 223 r. 5; who anaidi le-mut-ti izzazzuma see Leichty Izbu p. 233); mdr 4arri amat abie
would turn to crime (and annex these fields) ana SAL.HUL u8essi the son of the king will
BBSt. No. 7 ii 1, of. Hinke Kudurru iii 21 (MB); betray his father for an evil purpose CT 30 50
arratHUL lirurusu may they (the gods) curse Sm. 823:6; Enlil ana mdti ana SAL.HUL
him with an evil curse Hinke Kudurru v 6, also usarri BRM 4 13:23 and 61 (SB ext.); in other
MDP 2 pl. 16 iii 23, cf. aA. hul : ar-ratHUL- texts: the goddess ana mahri ildni u arriana
tim Surpu V-VI if., arrat JUL-ti la tabtu le-mut-ti lirteddihu should persecute him
BMS 12:74, cf. ibid. 68, see Ebeling Handerhe- severely before gods and king BBSt. No. 8 iv
bung 80, and passim; may Adad strike his land 14, of. 1R 70 iii 24 (Caillou Michaux), etc., also
ina biriq le-mu(var. -mut)-ti AOB 1 66:61 (Adn. ana HUL-ti lihtassasusuma BBSt. No. 6 ii 52
I), also ibid. 142:29 (Shalm. I), AKA 108 viii 84 (Nbk. I); mamma ana le-mut-tum uadbabugus
(Tigl. I), AAA 19 110:43 (Asn.), cf. ina rihis le- ma (if) somebody has persuaded him to act
mu-ti AOB 1 66:55 (Adn. I); milik HUL-tim evilly YOS 143:15 (NB); ubdnu ana le-mut-ti
Lie Sar. 66; ,Zmat le-mut-ti ligimu Borger la itrusu MDP 10 pl. 11 ii 26, cf. Hinke Kudurru
Esarh. 76:24;epst SAL.IUL-tim a ... ilani iii 24; qgtka ana HUL-tim [... la tubbal] ADD
... usapriku the terrible thing which the 734:4, and passim in this phrase in NA, see abdlu
gods had made happen (to his father) Streck A mng. 5a (qdtu b); obscure: umma anaId-
Asb. 22 ii 121, also, wr. HUL-tim Borger Esarh. fmul-tim ituar CCT 4 4a: 35.
42 ii 38; ina mimma Sipir cjUL-tim through
2' with other preps.: tuppam ... Sa tal:
any wicked deed BBSt. No. 36 vi 42 (NB
qeani i-ld-mu-ti-im annakam ana bit karim
kudurru); see also mukil res lemutti.
ittadnusu TCL 14 26 r. 13' (OA); Marduk ...
2' with sa: lisdnki ga jHL-tim Maqlu VII ina HUL-ti lirdisu may Marduk persecute
110; nagpardtikiga le-mut-ti ibid. 78; u 4 .hul him severely BBSt. No. 4 iii 13, cf. DN u DN2
im.hul igi.dug.a.mes : umu a HUL-tim ina HUL-ti U .US- u ibid. No. 3 vi 14; ina le-
imhullii miriti unu CT 16 13 iii If. and 3f.; mu-ut-ti u la tub Seri .. . me ... liqtima may
qdssunu sa HUL-tim ... iddd Knudtzon Gebete he end (his) days in misfortune and bad
108 r. 11, cf. ibid. 112 r. 4, cf. also tibi gihti a health ibid. No. 5 iii 38, also ina HUL-ti likla
IUL-tim ABL 1195:9 (query for an oracle), also ibid. No. 4 iv 14; if somebody removes the
PRT 26:9 and r. 11. kudurru ina agrim animma ki-i HUL-ti
iltakan and places (it) elsewhere with evil
c) in adverbial expressions (with preps.
intent MDP 2 pl. 23 v 42; to teach unseemly
ana, ina, ki) - 1' with ana: in omens and
things, give instructions in improper behavior
lit.: maruka ana le-mu-ut-tim itebbikum your
arki SAL.HUL tebi to be in pursuit of evil
son will rise against you for an evil purpose surpu II 65.
YOS 10 42 ii 39, cf. Jsr ramanikaanale-mu-tim
itebbiakkum ibid. 45:45 (both OB), also ana d) in the plural: Id-am-na-tim ina libbidu
rube 9er zumrisu ajimma ana SAL.HUL ZI-Sg etawu he had evil thoughts TCL 20 93:19
Boissier DA 7:28 and TCL 6 2:27; ana arri (OA); le-em-n-tim itanappalaninni VAS 16
ahh u ana SAL.HUL ZI.ME§- u CT 31 17 188:9, [a]-na le-em-n-tim pani[ki t]atakni
129
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lemuttu leqf
ibid. 32 (OB let.); damqatiSu ana le-em-ne-tim stela) AOB 1 126 No. 1:8, cf. ibid. 138 No. 4:25
litir let him change his good fortune into (both Shalm. I), of. also Sarru
EN le-mut-ti-9g
misfortune CH xliii 105 (epilogue); lem-ne-tu kussdSu likimSu Weidner Tn. 13 No. 5:116; ana
mdta ilammi misfortune will envelop the qdt Sarri EN le-mut-ti-si lumelldSu may the
country KAR 437:15 and 16; lu SuShuta lem- gods turn him over to a king hostile to
nd-tu4--a let my evil deeds be eradicated (so him Weidner Tn. 29 No. 16:142, cf. ana qdt
that I become pure) BBR No. 26 iii 15, cf. Sarri be-el le-mu-ut-ti-Su limall[i] AAA 19
upattar naphar lem-nd-te-Ms-nu (var. lem-nd- 106 iv 19 (Samsi-Adad I); EN SAL.RUL-ia RN ...
e-ti-M-nu) KAR 80 r. 34, var. from RA 26 41 udib ina kussidu my enemy RN occupied his
r. 12; e-pis lem-ne-e-ti evildoer En. el. VII 36, throne Piepkorn Asb. 78 vii 55.
also MVAG 21 88:21 (Kedorlaomer text), OIP 2
c) other occs.: kima .a be-el le-mu-ut-ti-ka
51:26 (Senn.), etc.; lem-nd-e-ti tes'ema you
andku ana mimmiija sutahluqim tazzaz just
sought evil En. el. IV 83, cf. le-em-ne-ti ilte'd
as if I were your adversary, you always
AKA 252 v 88 (Asn.), etc., cf. also Bab. 12 pl. 12 v
endeavor to destroy whatever I possess
16 (OB Etana); aSSum lem-nd-e-ti ikpudu
PBS 7 94:13 (OB let.); aju be-el le-mut-tim-ma
En. el. I 52, and passim with kapadu; ilu Sa lem-
aju bel usdti which is the malefactor, which
nd-e-ti ihuzu En. el. IV 18, cf. ina lem-ne-ti
is the benefactor? Lambert BWL 148:78;
uahhazu Hinke Kudurru iii 23; lem-ne-e-ti e
summa amelu EN HjUL-tim iri if a man has
ttame Lambert BWL 104:128, see also dababu
an adversary 4R 55 No. 2:1 (SB rit.), cf.
mng. lc-2'.
summa amelu EN JEUL-ti-su libbasu u'dur
For writings with HUL without phon. com-
STT 256:1; figurines representing EN IUL(var.
plements, see lumnu.
adds -tim).M u NIN HUL(var. adds -tim).MU
In BiOr 11 82a 6 read tu.en.ni.nu.ri (for
my male and female adversaries Maqlu II
tu6.en.e.nu.ru).
49, cf. AfO 18 289:5, PBS 1/2 121:8.
lemuttu in bel lemutti (belet lemutti) s.;
adversary, enemy; OB, MB, SB; wr. syll. lemuttu in 6a lemutti s.; evildoer; OB
and EN (NIN) HUL-ti, EN SAL.HUL; cf. lemenu. ]ex.*; cf. lemenu.
miqitti be-el le-mu-ut-ti-ka lu.ha.lam.ma = 9a le-mu-ut-tim OB Lu A 36
a) in omens:
and B i 39; [lu.hul.d]im.ma = Ma le-e-[mu-tim]
downfall of your adversary UCP 9 373:10 (OB OB Lu B i 43; nig. fra.lam1.ma = §a le-mu-ut-tim
smoke omens), cf. miqitti EN HUL-ti-Su MDP 14 Nigga Bil. B 84.
p. 51 i 15 (MB dream omens); eli be-el le-mu-ut-ti-
ka tazzaz you will triumph over your adver- lepenu see labdnu B.
sary UCP 9 373:6, 377:45 and 49, cf. be-el le-
lepu adj.; (mng. uncert.); RS, SB.*
mu-ut-ti-ka elika izzaz ibid. 373:8, 377:47 and
kuS.al. = k
ku.nu=...,
.nu.al.i.a ia [la
51 (OB smoke omens), also YOS 10 35:6f., 45:48 MIN] MSL 9 198:90 (Hh. XI).
(OB ext.), cf. Sarru eli EN le-mut4i-t4i Du-ak
[gi al].gaz.za kus al.hi.a im hi.a
Leichty Izbu VI 40; be-el le-mu-ti-ka lumun
[... ] : [qa]-nu-i deku maSku le-pu t du mahsu
libbim immar your adversary will experience
broken stylus, .... parchment, bad(?) clay
grief RA 27 149:2, cf. be-el le-mu-tim (apod-
LKA 65:9f., restored from Ugaritica 5 No. 15:12
osis) YOS 10 45:46 and 47 (OB ext.); EN
(bil. 6.dub.ba text).
SAL.HUL-ka Sa itebbdku qdtka ikaSad you will
Krecher, UF 1 153.
defeat your adversary who rises against you
CT 20 39:3, also TCL 6 2:14 and 20 (SB ext.); EN lepu see lip4 and lipu A.
SAL.iHUL-Cka ikannuka your adversary will
Leichty Izbu XI 70.
leq s.; adopted child, adoptee; lex.*;
submit to you
cf. leqd v.
b) in hist.: Sarru EN le-mu-ti-u kussdSu a.e = le-qu-4, tarbitu Igituh I 180f.; [bu-1]u-ug
ltir may a king, hostile to him, take away sBULtG = tarbitu,le-qu-u A VI/1 : 181f.; su.ta.kdr,
his throne (i.e., of him who destroys my e.bar.ra = le-qu-u Ai. III iii 26 f.
130
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leqfi
u1.ba.an.[da.ri.b]i dumu.mes 10.[am] hd. 32:7, MA); cf. laqidnu, leqg s., legi in 4a laqi
ib.[...] a.bar.[ra.a.ni] s[es.gal.am] : le-qu-
i4ati, leqi , liqt supri, liqitu, liqu, ligtu, liqu,
Au mare eeret lirgi le-qu-gu-ma ahu rabii even if the
adoptive father has ten (natural) sons, his adoptee luqutu, melqitu.
is (considered their) elder brother Ai. III iv 6; ti-i TI = le-qu-u Ea II 96 and A II/3 Part 3:2;
lu.ba.an.da.ri.bi ga.bal ba.an.db.du : le-qa- ti-i TI = la-qu-u Sb II 105; su.ti = le-qu-[u]
a-u iq-qa-ar (if at any time the adoptee's relative) Nabnitu S 250, cf. [x.x].x.ga = TOG le-qu-[u]
claims(?) his adoptive son Ai. III iii 53. ibid. 259; su.te.g[a] = [1]e-qdu-t, [m]a-ha-ru
In ZA 16 154:6 read leqdt unnini, see leqi Ai. II ii 31 f.
ir = l[e-qu-u] (var. ba-ba-lum) Erimhus V 195;
v. mng. le-2'.
ir = tmn = le-q-u MIN (= ha-am-fu) Emesal Voc.
III 8; da.ri.ri = [MIN (= leq) §d Lt.TUR] Nabnitu
*leqf in §a laqiSigti (or pendi) s.; S 252f., for restoration, see Nabnitu K 144f., cited
tongs; RS*; cf. leqi v. sihru lex. section; lah4 = a-ha-zu // le-qui-u RA 16
2 sa la-qi IZI.MES siparri two tongs (lit. 201 (= BRM 4 33) i 2 (group voc.); ha-aLiI le-qu-u
"for picking up embers") of copper (weighing Ad mal-tak-t[i] Antagal VIII 220.
[x.x].x.an.da.nigin = NINDA.KAM zu-kam il-te-
260 shekels) MRS 6 186 RS 16.146+ :38 (inv. q[d], [x.x.G]ux GU.am.gar = KA§.KAM i-pa il-te-
of the queen). q[d], [KAxsA.ni].te.KA.KA = tap-tan Ad pul-he-e-ti
le-qa-a, [KAXSA.n]i.te.gar.gar = MIN le-qa-a
leqfi (laq'u,laqi) v.; 1. to take something
in one's hand, to take up an object (for a
specific purpose), to take objects or persons
da.ak.a = MIN .[d
Nabnitu S 260ff.; a.dug.ga.ak.a = MIN [.d ... ],
a-ha-ti], umbin.ak.a,
umbin.kud = MIN ad s[upri] ibid. 254ff.
along, to accept, take over, take in (p. 132), su ba.an.ti = il-te-qd, im-ta-har Ai. II ii 26f.;
su ba.an.ti = il-qe, su ba.an.ti.e = i-leq-qd,
2. to take a wife, to adopt (a son, a brother, su ba.an.ti.e(var. omits).mesi = [i-leq]-qu-u
etc.), to assume responsibility for someone, Hh. I 138ff., followed by 6u ba.ab.te.ga, su
to assume an obligation, to accept gifts, ba.ab.te.ga.e, 9u ba.ab.te.ga.e.[ne] ibid.
bribes, to acquire, to buy (p. 137), 3. to take 141ff.; su bi.in.ti = il-qd Ai. VI iii 46, cf. su
bi.in.ti.es = il-qu-t Ai. III iii 1, gu ba.ab.te.ga
what is one's due (shares of an inheritance or = i-laq-qe Ai. IV ii 39; sib.ta.a.ni su bi.in.ti
a partnership, of booty, toll, tax, tribute, = MIN (eldtilu) il-qe, sib.ta.a.ni su ba.ab.te.ga
interest, rent, etc.), to take what belongs to = MIN i-la-qe Ai. VI i 7f.; note su.dug.a.ne.ne
one (p. 140), 4. to take away (objects, persons, 9u ba.ab.te.ga.ne = MIN (= qgasunu) i-laq-qu-t
Ai. III ii 53.
animals, fields, countries, etc.) by force or ur.bar.ra sila 4 su.ti.a tum.a men : barbaru
under threat, (in the stative) to be lacking §a ana le-qe-e puhadi Aisluku atti you are a wolf well
(in ext.) (p. 143), 5. in idiomatic phrases able to snatch a lamb SBH p. 98:11 f., f. ur.bar.
(alphabetically arranged) (p. 145), 6. 1/3 ra.ginx(GIM)1 sila 4 Au.ti.a.zu : kima barbarile-
(iterative to mngs. 1-4) (p. 146), 7. II to take qe-e puhadika W. G. Lambert, Studies Albright
(same mng. as mng. 1) (p. 146), 8. Aulqi 345 r. 1; ig abzu.ta me.huA.a su.ti.a (var.
su.te.a) : nam-ru ina ap-si-i par-i ez-zu-ti le-qu-u
(causative to mngs. 1-5) (p. 146), 9. IV to be panther (who has) received the terror-inspiring
taken, accepted, to be taken (away) (passive divine powers in the nether world Angim II 10;
to mngs. 1-4) (p. 146), 10. to be taken (in the mu 6.tu5 .a ku.ga 9u u.me.ti : [ana I] rim-ki
el-li le-qde-u-ma take him to the holy house of
WSem. passive, EA) (p. 147); from OAkk. ablution Surpu V-VI 36f.; uzu uzu.bi.A e...
on; I ilqe (OAkk. ilqa, il-qd-u UET 5 241:11, u.me.ni.sum su ha.ba.ab.ti.kex(KID) : gera
te-el-qdi- ibid. 474:9, both OB) - ileqqe (ilaqs kima Aerigu ... idinma lil-qu-u give flesh for his
qe) - leqi (laqi), imp. leqe, 1/2 (ilteqe, il-ta- flesh (blood for his blood), let them take (it) CT 17
qa-a Syria 28 55:3), I/3 (ilteqqe - ilteneqqe, 6 iii 12ff., cf. mas.babbar ... su u.me.ti : MIN
pes ... le-qe-ma take a white he-goat CT 17
OA iltaqqe, note il-ta-qd-ha-ku Kraus AbB 1 10:73f.; sa.ne.sa4 su te.ma.ab : le-q-e un-ni-
74:10, OB, perfect el-te-te-eq-qe HSS 19 74:13, ni accept my prayer ASKT p. 115 r. 3f., cf. st.
Nuzi), II (OA only), III, III/3, IV (illeqe/ ne.sa 4 ba.an.te.ga : le-qat un-ni-ni ibid. llf.,
illaqe), IV/2; wr. syll. and TI (Su.TI LKA ita.ne.a 4 ti.la.bi : le-qd-e ut-nin-Au ASKT
p. 123:18f.; kala.ga gud.ab iu.ti.a : dannu
116:6, CT 23 26:5, Boissier DA 42:11), §U.
<a) mira i-leq-qu-u the powerful one who catches
BA(.AN).TI (withphon. complements -qe VAS 8 the male calf SBH p. 15:16f., cf. umbin..e.ba
73:6, OB, -e-i KAJ 64:7, -e KAJ 37:6, -U KAJ amar Au.ti : ina si-up-ri-S bu-i-ra i-leq-qu-u
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he catches the male calf with his talons ibid. 11 f., bull RAcc. 14 ii 21, and passim in this text; tid
and passim in this text; mu.gibx(oaI).an.na kibir nari kilalle TI-qe you take mud from
men ta ~u ba.ni.in.ti : itartu anuku mina
el-q4 I am divine, what have I obtained? RA 33
the embankment of each of the two rivers
104:14; urim.bi 9u ba.e.te.[ga] : rubussa UET 6 410: 21, see Iraq 22 222, and passim in simi-
le-rqil-[ma] take its (the goat's) dung Genouillac lar contexts; a sorceress in the house of the
Kich 2 pl. 3 C 1:13; [8uku].hi.a.zu u.kam
bi.in.til.[la] : kurummatka li-qd (var. li-i-qd)
man epere kibis gip i <ana>kispi TI.MES will
collect for use in witchcraft dust on which
CT 16 25 iv 9f., cf. llf.
le-qu-u ka-d-du An IX 69, and Malku IV 130. the man has stepped BRM 4 12:75 (SB ext.);
a-leq-qa-kim-ma hahd a utini I will collect
1. to take something in one's hand, to take slag from the (potter's) kiln (to use in magic)
up an object (for a specific purpose), to take against you Maqlu III 116, cf. i-le-qu-ni-ku
objects or persons along, to accept, take over, SA elleti gigimmari AMT 11,1:8; f[sa ru'ti il-
take in - a) to take something in one's qu-u he who has collected my spittle (for
hand, to take up an object (for a specific magic purposes) KAR 80:32 and dupls., also
purpose) -- 1' in gen.: qdtiSSu il-qe he (Ea) AfO 18 291:21; sikcki udtu da ina bit ameli
took (the dirt) in his hand VAS 10 214 v 26 innamru sU.TI-qe you take the mongoose
(OB Aguiaja), cf. ru~am u sippam Sa bdb Mari that was seen in the man's house (see epesu
il-qi-ni-im-ma ARM 10 9 r. 16'; il-qe kakkaSu mng. 2c zikurudd) Boissier DA 42:11.
he (Gilgames) took his weapon (he attacked
the lions) Gilg. P. iii 28, also Lambert-Millard b) to take objects or persons along (in
Atra-hasis 48 I 90, CT 15 2 vii 11, cf. PN fkaks order to bring them to a specific location) -
kiul i-le-qe-ma itti PN, imtahhas PN will 1' objects: if you have not (yet) sent it
take his weapons and fight with PN2 Sumer 23 (the silver) le-qe-a-gu-ma ana dlikim dinar
154:25 (OB let.); el-qe-Su-ma aStakandu ana Auma take (pl.) it and give it to a traveler
ahija I took it (the ax) up and placed it at ICK 1 63:13; kakki a-ld-qe-a-ma atabbiamma
my side Gilg. P. i 35; d il-ge Sammama he attallakam Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappado-
picked up the plant Gilg. XI 274; le-qe ciennes 5:11, cf. TCL 19 25:18; ajakam ld-al-qe-
pari[si] take up the poles Gilg. X iv 4, and ma laddinakkum from where should I take
passim; adi ummaka tallakamma talappatka it to give to you? CCT 4 45b:40, cf. idti PN
ta-la-q-ka until your mother comes and a-wi-ti a-ld-qe-ma allak CCT 2 47a: 26 (all OA);
touches you and picks you up Craig ABRT 2 initam ... il-qe Sumer 14 51 No. 26:16, cf. Fish
8 r. iv 5, see Ebeling, MAOG 5/3 p. 11, cf. abusu Letters 16:8 and Cros Tello 195:11 cited intu A
ummaSu il-qu-Su-ma ina birit tule a Itar mng. 2b; Jupramma samnam anniam li-il-
[iskunuu] LKA 72:5; when PN was born q4-ni-ik-kum send me word that they should
ina masappim il-qi-u-Su-ma they picked bring you that oil Boyer Contribution 106:24,
him up (and placed him) in a basket (and also VAS 16 57:6, cf. UET 5 25:28; agappar
brought him to PN2) PBS 5 100 iii 28 (OB pro- ma(!) kunuk umija iUtu GN i-le-eq-qc- <nim>
ceedings in court); note: the local king is dead VAS 16 155:14; kaspam ... lismiduma li-il-
huhuiram al-te-qe I have taken up the qu-ni-ik-ku-nu-9i-im let them pack the silver
(fowler's) net Balkan Letter 25 (OA). and bring (it) to you (pl.) LIH 86:27; the
2' in med. and rit.: sammi annUti HI.A- wool ana bitim le-qe-a-am-ma YOS 2 45:8;
su-nu TI-qe tubbal tasak you take these ana GN lillikuma ... e'am li-il-q4-ni-ik-ki
various (listed) plants, dry (and) bray (them) they should go to Larsa and bring you (fem.)
Kiichler Beitr. pl. 14 i 31, and passim in med. and (ten gur of) barley TCL 18 110:28; 1 GiN
rit., cf. malmalid TI-q you take equal kaspam(!) ... Juddinam le-qe-a-am collect
amounts AMT 9,1:35, mala niZ inika Su.TI every (outstanding) shekel of silver and bring
you take according to your judgment CT 23 (it) here VAS 16 78:18; with the nuance "to
26:5, cf. AMT 20,1 iv 22 and 28, etc.; malak alpi bring along": kunuk dumija ittija ul al-qe-a-
&Suta-leq-qe-e-ma you take the hide of this am I did not bring along the seal with my
132
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leqfl Ib leqi lb
name (on it) ibid. 155:7; tuppam Sa PN Sa with great loads which they took to you
al-qe-a-am isteme he listened to (the reading KUB 3 34:19; tuppa Aa il-qa-a altatassima
of) the tablet of PN which I had brought I have carefully read the tablet which he had
along ibid. 3:10; ana suhatinni ... le-qe-e-em brought along EA 20:10 (let. of Tusratta);
attardam I have sent (the boy) to bring the 9uprimma li-il-q -4 kurummatki send word
duhatinnu-onions ibid. 92:9; if you want so that they can bring (you) your portion
something upramma mimma li-[ill-qu-ni-ik- (of the meal) EA 357:6 (Nergal and Ereskigal);
kum send me word and they will bring you ka-si a PN le-qa-am-ma-mi u alkammi fetch
anything PBS 1/2 14:10; kaspam lu-ul-qe-a- me the share of PN HSS 5 49:20 (Nuzi);
ma lullikam I will get the silver and come asargu unakkari ana adar andmma i-leq-qu-u
VAS 16 65:19, also lu-ul-qe-a-am-ma lullikakku if he changes its (the body's) location (or)
CT 29 21:10; tuppdti ... le-qe-a-ma arhid takes (it) somewhere else YOS 1 43:14 (SB);
sinqam take the tablets and come here im- GIS.ME Sdtunu ... lu al-qa-ma I took the
mediately CT 4 39d: 12, cf. buy myrtle for ten (mentioned) trees along (and planted them
shekels le-qe-a-am-ma ... sinqam kusdanni in the gardens of my country) AKA 91 vii 22,
TCL 18 133:11, unuti lu-ul-qe-em-ma ... cf. ibid. 26 (Tigl. I); epere GN ... sipa al-
lisni[qam] TLB 4 24:20, li-il-qu-nim-ma ana
GN liblnim LIH 16:9, e-le-qe-ma ... ubbalma
qa-a ana mdt A Mur the rubble of Susa (and
other cities) I collected and took to Assyria
VAS 16 195:5, subdti li-il-qe-a-[am-ma] alds Streck Asb. 56 vi 98; biltu u mandattu ...
kam lipuSam TCL 1 18:18, and passim in OB ultu GN il-qa-am-ma ana GN, adi mahrija
letters; andku 6 immeri x Samnam u 2 GIN illikamma he brought with him tribute and
kaspam ajikiam lu-4-ul-qe-a-am-ma from gifts from Elam and came into my presence
where should I get six sheep, the oil and in Nineveh Borger Esarh. 53 iii 77; the
the two shekels of silver? Kraus AbB 1 46:39; merchant mimma aqru TI-ma ana darri [... ]
ajdnum lu-ul-qe-em-ma hazanni luddin from will take something precious and [present it]
where shall I get the onions to give? ARM to the king KAR 423 r. i 63 (SB ext.).
10 16:24; akal patdnija el-qe-ma ana harrdn
imakkal allikma I took food with me and 2' persons or animals: istu suhrija ana
went a day's march RA 8 65 ii 6 (OB hist.); GN il-qu-ni-in-ni-ma ever since my youth
x hurdsa i-leq-[qe]-ma ana PN inandin BE 14 (when) they brought me to Babylon (I have
135:8, cf. hurdsa ammini i-le-eq-qu-nim-ma been a warad-ekallim) OECT 3 40:7; she
inandinu Aro, WZJ 8 570 HS 112:14 (both said: ana GN le-qd-a-an-n[i] take me to
MB); sa hashdta ina mdtija supramma li-il- Sippar TCL 1 49:16; awile labirutim le-qe-
q-ni-ik-ku write me what you want from my nimim-ma alakam epanim VAS 16 185:13,
country so that they can bring (it) to you also li-il-qe-aS-1u-nu-ti-maana Bdbili lirdias
EA 6:14 and 16, cf. Julmdna ma'[da ... ] mdr sunuti LIH 78:16; PN ... u dibigu il-q(-nim
iiprika il-te-qe your messenger has brought they brought PN and his witnesses along
(me) many gifts EA 11 r. 32, cf. ibid. r. 12 (both CT 4 1:20, of. ibid. 22; nipussu ana GN li-il-
letters of Burnaburias);amatisu gab[ba] [a]l qe-a-am-ma he should bring his bondswoman
PN il-ka-a EA 20:14 (let. of TuAratta); the to Babylon CT 4 28:19; 1 amtam Sa mddi
people of Sidon do not allow my subjects to namrat ... ana utlija le-qe-a-am bring me
land ana la-qe issz la-qe me ana Jiti to fetch for my bed a slave girl who is very attractive
wood (and) to fetch water to drink EA ABIM 20:82; GUD.HI.A lu-ul-qe-a-ku-nu-Si-im
154:17f.; note the atypical: I wish that my TCL 17 69:7, cf. ibid. 10, also 2 UDU.NITA ...
brother would send me his messengers kime li-il-qi-ni-ik-ku-um-ma TCL 18 112:25, cf. Fish
sulmdnu sa ahija i-le-eq-q-ni-im-ma u esems Letters 31:7; aSum 2 SILA4.fI.A nemetti,u
me so that they can bring me his present and le-qe-e-em-ma LIH 90:13, of. ibid. 17 (all OB);
I may listen (to him) EA 17:54 (let. of Tus- those men Sa ibiruma asiri il-qu-nim who
ratta); ina Sapli dsbulti rabiti Ba il-qu-ni-ik-ku crossed over and took prisoners TLB 4 53:13,
133
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leq Ib leq Ic
cf. I sent my scouts ana liSanim le-qe-em to 38 (Descent of Istar); KI NU ZU-t TI-qe-St-ma
bring a person who would give information take him to a secret place LKA 120:16 and
ARM 10 155:5; PN ittika ana GN le-qa-am-ma dupls. (namburbi); ana mdmit il-qu-nin-ni-ma
kulda PBS 1/2 24:8 (MB); may the king send they have taken me to (the place of) the oath
an official u li-il-qe-a-ni ana jdai to take me (and the temple has cleansed me) Craig ABRT
(to you that we may die there in the presence 2 9:13 (SB); I carefully planned ana le-qe-e
of the king, our lord) EA 288:59; mar Siprika DN to take along (the image of) Marduk
Sa i-le-qe mdratka your messenger who brings 5R 33 ii 2 (Agum-kakrime); narkabati u qurd5
your daughter EA 5:17 (let. from Egypt); deja lu al-qe I took (with me) my chariots
Supramma li-il-qu-u send word so that they and soldiers AKA 39 ii 7 (Tigl. I), sarissu
bring (her here) EA 3:8 (MB royal let.); le- issija a-se-qe (see aSarittu) AKA 312 ii 53,
qd-an-ni ana kdAa u ~sribanni ina alija take chariots and horsemen Sarissu issija a-se-qe
me to you and bring me back into my city I took with me as vanguard AKA 232 r. 21
EA 162:18; if RN dies PN ummaSu i-le-qe-ma (both Asn.), and passim in similar phrases in NA
ina GN ana SAL.LvUAL-ut-ti utarsi PN will royal inscrs.; sittitiSunu al-qa-a anamat ASSur
take his mother (with him) and make her the rest of them I took (with me) to Assyria
queen again in Ugarit MRS 9 127 RS 17.159:34; Streck Asb. 82 ix 125, also baltussu al-qa-da-st
le-qa-su-nu ana muhhija bring them to me ana mat AsSur ibid. x 16, also al-qa-a assuha
ibid. 180 RS 17.286: 10, cf. le-q-i take her AfO 18 350:21 (Tigl. I); PN adi makkrisu ...
(away)! ibid. 140 RS 17.372A+ :13, and passim; ana mat ASSur il-qa-a CT 34 41 iv 2 (Synchron.
ah&ja u ibruteja ... anaku el-te-qe u ana mat Hist.); URU GN u ilanisu ana Bdbili il-te-qa-a
GN attar I took my brothers and my friends Wiseman Chron. p. 54:9 (Fall of Nineveh); ka:
along and returned to Mukishe Smith Idrimi missu ana matisu il-qe VAB 4 220 i 33 (Nbn.).
77, cf. my horse, my chariot and my groom
el-te-qe-Su-nu ibid. 14, and cf. ibid. 64; if the c) to accept, take over, take in - 1' in
wife of a man addat a'ilima ana bitisa tal-te-e- gen.: x silver PN il-ge-ma ana PN2 iddin
qe takes the wife of another man to her house MAD 1 282:6, but il-ga Met. Museum 86.11.134
KAV 1 iii 15 (Ass. Code § 23), cf. ibid. 29; sebii iii (courtesy E. Sollberger), li-il-ga MAD 5 75:7
tika ... le-qe-a alka KAV 201:22 (MA), also (all OAkk.); ikaspam PN sasqilasuma kas:
168:18, cf. tuppaka nu ibutika u le-qa-as-Su- pam le-qe-a make PN pay the silver and
[nu]-ti-mi bring your document and your accept it TCL 4 24:40, cf. missu §a subdti
witnesses JEN 659:17, cf. mudeka le-qd-am- mahdram la tamu'u ... subdti le-qe-ma BIN 4
mi JEN 467:21; PN asSassu i-le-eq-q-e-ma u 229:19; mamman ina tamkdar lu kaspam ...
asar had illak PN will take his wife (with lu mimma ilqeuni utarruma all the credi-
him) and go wherever he pleases JEN 572:13; tors will have to give back any silver or
[mannum]ma il-qa-a annd amela who has anything else which they have received CCT
brought that man here? Gilg. VII iv 54; ila 5 9a:13, cf. ibid. 19 and 24 (all OA); bamat
A4su sabtabumma le-qa-a j4di seize that god bitija li-il-qe-e-ma lisib he should take over
and bring (him) to me STT 28 v 46', see Gur- half of my house and live (in it) TCL 17
ney, AnSt 10 124, also ibid. 39', cf. le-qe-e-u ana 20:12; kaspam 4-la ni-il-qe-e ula iqabbl
mahar beltika EA 357:31 (Nergal and Ereskigal); mahar sibisunu il-qe-e they must not say:
with abalu: le-qe-Su-ma PN ana namse bilsuma "We have not received the silver," they(!)
take him, Ursanabi, and bring him to the accepted it before their (own) witnesses
washing place Gilg. XI 239, cf. ibid. 247; lul- CT 2 37:19 and 21; ana Sa qgssu ubluma
q-ma ana bit hazanni libil enza I will take seam il-q4-4 VAS 16 173:11; when PN re-
the goat and bring (it) to the house of the ceived (imburuuniti) the sheep and goats
mayor STT 38:21, see Gurney, AnSt 6 150f. sE.GUR ana kissatiina il-qi he also
7 Ju~i
(Poor Man of Nippur); le-qa-dA-Si ina mahrija obtained 420 gur of barley as feed for them
take her away from me CT 15 46 r. 34, cf. ibid. TCL 17 57:38; mala tusdbilam itbal 1 SiLA
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leqid Ic leqf Ic
u-ul el-qe he took away whatever you sent her and cut off her nose KAV 1 i 68 (Ass. Code
me, I have not received (even) one sila § 5), cf. tddindna i-laq-q ibid. v 33 (§ 39);
ABIM 20:66; 4 GUR seam a le-qe-e-ka itbalu as long as (my) master lives I will serve the
they have taken away the four gur of barley master, I am the slave of (my) master mam
which was for you to take TCL 17 7:13, cf. ma anaden da-a-an la i-la-qe-a-ni la ekkalanni
33 SE GUR sa le-qe PN AJSL 33 226 No. 9:10; nobody can take possession of me for (sub-
x silver 4a le-qe-e PN ana PN2 PN 3 ES.A.NI... sequent) legal proceedings, (nobody) can use
iddinu TCL 10 4:32, cf. x (barley) le-qe PN me KAV 159:7, cf. ina diniu idabbubma la
ibid. 107 edge 1; (oath taken by the sons of i-laq-qe ADD 357 r. 6, and passim in NA contracts;
PN) mimma Sa le-qe Sar-ri-im la ibaSima tibna i-se-qe ABL 506 r. 7 (NA); ul tele'una la-
JRAS 1926 p. 437:9, cf. iturruma(!) ana IA.LA qa-ia itu qdt PN can you not save me from
LUGAL igrVuniti ... mimma da le-qe Sar(!)- Abdi-asirta? EA 82:7; umma eqlu majdru
[ri-im] la ibaSdSima ibid. r. 1; [eqlum] ga u-la i-leq-qe if the field is plowed he will not
le-qe-ki [ib]a i TLB 4 71:15; a house Sa le- accept (it) HSS 9 103:21; gumma APIN A]ina
qd-Su ana PN ahiuiddin that was his to take siqi il-qe if the foundation of a house en-
he gave to his brother PN VAS 13 90:13, cf. croaches upon the street CT 38 10:22, also CT
mimma sa le-qe PN ul ibsi (it was established 40 11:85 (SB Alu); the bank of the PN-canal
by ordeal) that there was nothing for PN to 9a ultu libbi Namgar-darri i-leq-qa-a which
take TCL 10 34:14, and passim; x seam PN le-qe takes (water) from the Royal Canal MDP 2
PN has taken x barley Sumer 14 47 No. 23:6, pl. 21 i 52; kurummat quburibu il-qe he (the
cf. YOS 2 110:14, SA.BI 1 GIN Ki.BABBAR le-qu- patient) has received his funerary food
( from it they have taken one shekel of silver offering (he will die) Labat TDP 158:24.
TCL 10 137:10, and passim in the stative in OB,
note, wr. le-e-qi/qu Meissner BAP 29:5, AJSL 2' referring to tablets, etc.: tuppam a
34 135:14, YOS 8 113:14, le-qzu-U (sing.) Grant Alim u rubaim ni-ld-qe-ma we will obtain a
Smith Coll. 257:11, cf. also la-qi-a-ku VAS 16 tablet from the City and the ruler TCL 14
43:9, also putu le-qu-4 gamru they have 41:20, cf. tuppam fa din Alim al-qe-ma
made an exchange (of houses), they have TCL 20 129:26, and passim; 4 MA.NA kaspam
taken possession (of them), they have com- i ti PN al-qe-ma tuppam ... Ca kunukkija
pleted (the transaction) CT 45 39:20; ana cit il5 -qe I borrowed four minas of silver
natbak il-qu-( seam utar he returns the barley from PN and he received a tablet with my
to the silo he took it from CT 8 21b: 15, also BE seal CCT 4 10a:30; x silver ana PN adqulma
6/1 75:7, Waterman Bus. Doe. 18:10 (all OB), tUppesu al-qe I paid to PN and obtained his
cf. ina sfti [il]-qe-4-ni utar KAJ 71:2 (MA); receipts (from him) AnOr 6 pl. 6 No. 17:36 (all
ndmurte Sa GN il-ta-qa-a Syria 28 55 r. 3 (RS), OA); kanikdt senim Ca ana ZI.GA tuesi le-qe-
but il-te-qa-ki ibid. 9; mahar 11 Sibuti annuti a-m[a] take the documents concerning the
PN kaspam le-qe libbaSu tab PN has received sheep and goats which you have given out as
the silver before these eleven witnesses, he is expenditure Kraus AbB 1 83:17, parallel LIH
satisfied MDP 24 387:13, cf., wr. le-e-q4-u ibid. 50:14; kanikJu lizibma PN li-il-qe-a-am-ma
331:10, and passim; kaspa sa pi tuppi anni ... likudam he should draw up the docu-
asar PN el-te-qe-mi u apldkumi JEN 402:39, ment and PN should take it so that it can
cf. silver agar PN ni-el-te-q-mi JEN 115:7; arrive here (before plowing time) TCL 18
ina ume SE u MAk.MES-Ju imadduduni alapSu 87:10; PN kunuk bitim a idmu il-qe-e-ma
i-laq-qe when he pays out the barley and its PN took the sealed tablet concerning the
interest he (again) takes possession of his house which he had bought Grant Bus. Doc.
(pledged) bull KAJ 65: 18; if her (the thievish 56:17; kanikam ... il-te-qu-ni-lkum did
woman's) husband is not willing to redeem they take the sealed document for you?
her bel surqi i-laq-qe-e-i u appaa inakkis Kraus AbB 1 37 r. 10; kanik rndi biltim il-
the owner of the stolen property may seize qe-e-ma Kraus Edikt § 9': 36; [tup]pdtija ana
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put rim al-qe-a-am Studies Landsberger 234:30; TI-qe this man will get (a favorable verdict)
tuppum Sa ta-al-qe-a TLB 4 35:18 (all OB); in his lawsuit KAR 382 r. 34 (SB Alu), for
x silver sa kanikSu ina ekallim la le-qu refs. to dina leq4 see dinu mng. la-1'.
ARM 9 254:15; tuppa Sa dajdne ana muhhi la
magrite i-laq-qe he obtains a legal document 4' referring to oracles, decisions, etc.:
DN ulkin il-qe tertu Adad prostrated himself
from the judges against those who are
and accepted the command RA 46 34:33 (Epic
dissatisfied KAV 2 vi 34 (Ass. Code B § 18);
ofZu), cf. il-qu-u terta Lambert-Millard Atra-
IM.KISIB ana Sum §a PN iknukuma il-qu-u4
hasis 120 r. 28; bel niqe ur-tu TI-qe the one
Nbn. 293:7; 1-en.TA.AM GID.DA.MES il-qu-u
they have taken one copy each Nbn. 827:8, who brought the sacrificial animal will obtain
a (divine) decision CT 20 50 r. 16 (SB ext.);
also 224:12, and passim, see also mng. 6.
ina battatajapidrategunu il-qu-4u (see battataja)
d) in specialized mngs. - 1' in math.: ABL 355 r. 2 (NA); see also amatu A mng. 5a.
sinipat 15 le-qe-ma 10 tammar take two 5' referring to luminosity: nannariaai-la-
thirds of 15 (and) you have ten Sumer 6 134
qu--si-im they (the other gods) assume her
II Problem 2:16; one seah of barley ina (Istar's) sheen RA 22 170:31 (OB hymn); UD
UD.1.KAM MU.1.KAM el-te-qe I have taken
E§ 4 .DAR MUL.ME§ le-qa-at-ma when the
every day for one year TMB 120 No. 218:4, cf.
planet Venus assumes the (luminosity of
e'um a <te> el-te-qu-4 ibid. 6; qan&m el- surrounding) stars ACh Istar 1: 8, cf. UD ES 4 .
qe-e-ma [mindassu] ul idema I took a reed DAR ina SI ZAG-4d MUL le-qa-at if the planet
but do not know the measurements of it Venus assumes (the luminosity of) a star in
Sumer 7 39 No. 7:2, cf. NA 4 SU.BA.AN.TI-ma
her right "horn" ibid. 10, also 4:15 and Supp.
SuqultaSa ul idi TCL 18 154:18; iB.SIsg-u 33:8, 10, (referring to A.15 right side) LKU
le-qe extract its square root MCT 69 H r. 10,
111:4, (to A.150 left side) ibid. 7.
also Sumer 18 pl. 2:9, and passim, see MCT index
p. 167, Neugebauer, MKT 2 index p. 33 sub TI, e) in transferred mngs. - 1' referring to
Thureau-Dangin, TMB 238 sub §U.TI; hami power, office, etc.: LUGAL KUR.BI kid-.i-ti
ubanatim le-qe-ma uSur take off five fingers TI-qe the king of that country will assume
(from the belt's length) and shorten (it) TCL supreme power CT 40 38 K.2992:21 (SB Alu),
17 62:32. cf. le-qu ki-su-ti Tn.-Epic "ii" 18 and TCL 3
318 (Sar.); Kingu usqdi le-qu-u dAniti Kingu
2' in med. and ext.: reS libbisa IM le-qi has been elevated, is holding the position of
(if) her epigastrium holds wind Labat TDP the highest god En. el. II 45; aggu Sarrit Anu
214:19, cf. Kocher BAM 159 iv 8, note in 1/3 : il-qu-u[ SBH p. 145 ii 25, also LUGAL-tU ki il-
Ser'an irtiSu SIG, il-te-qu-( the veins on his qu-u LKA 73:14; [s.a] Tidmat ikmima il-qu-u
chest take on a greenish color all over Labat sar-ru-ti En. el. VII 162.
TDP 100:6, [SA.MES SUII-si] r il-te-qu-u
ibid. 94 r. 8; summa kubSu ubdna seherti TI-qe 2' referring to prayers, supplications, etc.:
if the "turban" takes (the place of) the small 9emi ikribi le-qi unnenim he who listens to
"finger" KAR 423 r. ii 45, cf. CT 31 39 i 24; vows, accepts prayers Syria 32 12 i 12 (Jah-
summa uban hai qablitu 15 u 150 le-qat if the dunlim), cf. le-e-q~-c un-ni-e-ni RA 16 89 No.
middle "finger" of the lung takes (the place 302:4 (MB seal), cf. also (Lamastu) le-qat un(!)-
of) the right and the left ("fingers") CT 31 ni-na (var. TI-at un-ni-ni) 4R Add. p. 10 to
40 i 8, also Sa Sumeli TI-qe PRT 129:8, cf pl. 56 i 6, and RA 18 198:6, var. from Weissbach
.umma aar .sihhu TI ibid. 128:5 (all SB ext.)' Misc. pl. 15 No. 1: 8, and passim with unnenu, q.v.;
le-qat ikribi u u nnni BMS 33:5, see Ebeling
3' referring to legal matters: mahar PN Handerhebung 124, and see ikribu mng. 3;
dajani me-e il-qe me uellima 7 GUD.JI.A ... Marduk le-qu-u tes-li-ti AfO 19 56:27; suppi
i-le-qe (see eld mng. 9f) MDP 24 373:5ff., of. sullija el-qi-ku-nu-i KAR 38:37; awat sarri
MDP 22 164:9, 23 242:5; amlu M ina dinidu ul il-qe awat ummidu ... il-te-eq-qi he did
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not accept the word of the king, he accepted zuqaqipi il-qe (the disease) has taken on half
instead the word of his mother Sommer- snake venom, half scorpion venom Kocher
Falkenstein Bil. p. 2:9f. BAM 124 iv 14 and dupl. 127 : 11, also Studies Lands-
berger 285:2; le-qi uz-[za] seized with rage
3' referring to fame, renown, triumph, etc.:
RA 48 147:38 (SB Epic of Zu), cf. RA 46 94:3 (OB
bardm umi damiqtim i-le-eq-qe the diviner
version); le-qe-e kindtim accept the truth!
will obtain great fame YOS 10 46 iv 18, also
JCS 15 6 i 31 (OB lit.); [l]u-uq-bi-kum-ma
RA 27 149:1 (OB ext.), note (bdri) li-ta TI
le-qe [...] let me speak to you, accept [the
KAR 151:6, and passim in this text; ummdni
order?] Thompson Gilg. pl. 17 K.10160:2 (= CT
Sum damiqti TI-qe my army will triumph
15 40); Sa-as-ma-am il-qe-e-ma he accepted
CT 20 39:5 and 6; NAM.BIR.BI tanatti bdriti
the (challenge to a) duel CT 15 3 i 9, see Romer,
amdru u Suma raba le-qu-u namburbi-ritual
Studien Falkenstein 186; irki pitema ku-zu-
for experiencing praise as a diviner and for
ub-ki lil-qe (see kuzbu) Gilg. I iv 9, cf. kuzub:
obtaining great renown BBR No. 11 iii 16; sik-
Sa il-qe ibid. 16; see also mng. 4e; with
ka-tum // le-qe-e li-ti peg (predicts) triumph
napisu breath: e taShuti le-qe-e na-pis-su
CT 20 39:7 (SB ext.); LU.KIR Su-fma]-am i-le-
Gilg. I iv 10, cf. ul iShut il-ti-q4 na-pis-su
qe YOS 10 18:45 (OB ext.), cf. Labat Calendrier
ibid. 17.
§ 38:1; cut off my head, bring it to the king
your lord le-e-qe Sum damiqti obtain fame!
2. to take a wife, to adopt (a son, a brother,
AfO 8 182:7 (SB epigraph).
etc.), to assume responsibility for someone,
4' to understand (Mari, OB lit.): PN has to assume an obligation, to accept gifts,
committed a crime against PN2 te-el-qe-e-ma bribes, to acquire, to buy - a) to take a
ta-sa-al-Su you have learned (about it) and wife, to adopt (a son, a brother, etc.): RN
have questioned (him) ARM 1 3:14, also te- mdrat RN2 ana DAM-ut-ti-su il-te-qe Ammis-
el-qe-ma ibid. r. 13'; PN has made it known tamru took the daughter of Bentesina as his
that he is to proceed toward GN PN2 il-qe- wife MRS 9 126 RS 17.159:6; Summa aSSata
e-ma PN3 ... ana pani PN ittarad PN2 has Sanita PN i-le-eq-qe if PN takes another wife
learned (about it) and has dispatched PN3 to RA 23 155 No. 51:21, cf. ibid. 17 (Nuzi), see also
meet PN ARM 2 130:11; inanna minum Sa aAuitu usage a-3'; tPN KI PN 2 (her mother)
istendma beli il-te-ne-qi-ui why then does PNs ana(!) kallat u DUMU.SAL il-qe-e-Si (see
my lord learn about it bit by bit? RA 42 kallatu usage b-I') Waterman Bus. Doc. 72:6
66:47, see Finet, AIPHOS 15 19; le-qe-a-am it: (OB), see also kallutu; PN u PN, PN, an[a]
tdtisa (see ittu A mng. la-1') RA 15 174 i 8 mer'itim il-q[e-4] AAA 1 p. 61 No. 8:3 (OA);
(OB). Summa awilum sehram Aa ana marutiu il-q'i-
Su-ma urabbdSu if a man (does not recognize
5' other occs.: you will send a message to as son) a small child he has adopted and
some king for reconciliation sa-li-im-§u te-le- reared CH § 190:68, cf. § 185:35, 186:41, etc.,
qg-e-su you will accept his reconciliation also TUR ana tarbitim il-qe-ma § 188:56; leqi
YOS 10 15:19, cf. ibid. 14 (OB ext.), cf. sa-li-im- Aa mar amat ekallim fill-qu4- Goetze LE § 35 A
ka be-li da-ri-a-ame-le-eq-qe JCS 15 6 i 25 (OB iii 12; suharam ana liqgtim il-qe-e-ma (see
lit.); tdbdtiSunu sabatma sa-li-im-u-nu le-qe liqUtu) YOS 2 50:6; ana mdritimma il-qe-a-
Laessee Shemshara Tablets 80 SH 812:29, also Aum Jean Tell Sifr 58:11, etc., note nam.
Studies Landsberger 193:25; KUR NIG.TUK TI dumu.ni.me.e s u ba.an.ti.es PBS 8/2
the country will accumulate riches BRM 4 107:9, also BIN 2 75:5, Grant Bus. Doc. 68:7,
22:9 (SB physiogn.); minddtija il-qt-& (the Meissner BAP 96:4, etc. (all OB); mdrat PN ana
sorceresses) have taken my measurements maridu PN, i-le-eq-q ARM 2 40:8; a[na]
Laessee Bit Rimki 37:18 and dupls., cf. mindds maruti il-q MDP 22 1:5; ana madrti SU.BA.
tuja le-qa-a BMS 11:55, see von Soden, Iraq AN.TI BE 14 40:4 (MB); ana mdritida il-q
31 87; miil imti Sa sri il-qd milil imti act KAJ 3:4, and note (a girl) a ana ballut u
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lqi ana bit PN la-qe-u-tu-ni who was taken (and) detained them KBo 1 10 r. 42, cf. ibid. 45,
into the house of PN to be kept alive and for also asd Ckil-qu-u-ni ibid. 34.
adoption KAJ 167:6 (MA); frtu u PN mutija
PN2 ana maritu ni-il-qa-am-ma my husband c) to assume an obligation - 1' by ac-
PN and I adopted PN2 Nbn. 356:20, cf. VAS cepting silver, etc., as a loan: kaspam a 1d-
5 47:15, 57:8, VAS 6 184:9, 188:12, ana mdritu qd-im ni-ld-qe-ma Seam nidAmakkum we will
lu-ul-qe-e-ma Hebraica 3 15:7, cf. also mamma get hold of as much silver as we can and
4anamma ana mriitu ul i-leq-qa-' ibid. 24 buy barley for you RA 59 169 MAH 19606:23f.,
(all NB); PN PN, ahdt abiSu ana ahLiti il-qe-di cf. kaspam PN ... tal-qe inicmi kaspam
(see aiitu) MDP 18 202:4 (= MDP 22 3), also tutarru TCL 21 246A:12; agar kaspim 1 GIN
MDP 23 321:15; amtamana istariutiSunui-ld-qe isserika ld-qd-im lu nimlikma we have care-
(see iStarifitu) TuM 1 22a:27 (OA). fully considered from where to take even
one shekel of silver (on interest) for you
b) to assume responsibility for someone -
Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes 27:28;
1' for workmen (in adm. contexts): ERIN.
if he does not pay in time bit tamkarim
jI.A bit ilani ana SE.GUN Sa ekallim il-te-qui-
a-ld-qe-ma I will take a loan at the house
they have taken the personnel of the temple
of a merchant ICK 2 95:9, cf. silver bit
to (work on the fields yielding) barley in-
tamkdrim le-qe-am TuM 1 23a: 15, and passim;
come for the palace OECT 3 61:10; ERIN.MES
[Siti] kaspim bit tamkdri[m] ana sibtim le-qe-
ahidtim Sa ibagSl li-il-qu-4-ma YOS 2 92:21,
ma take the balance of the silver (as a loan)
cf. ina ERiN.ME§-ku-nu isten awilam el-te-qe
with interest at the house of a merchant
TCL 17 12:8; kaparri Sa qdtini ana rede il-
CCT 5 10a:20, cf. rkaspaml ammala a[ssi]btim
q4-n[im-ma] they have taken the herdsmen
tal-qe-a-ni Kienast ATHE 27:7, cf. also ibid. 15;
under our command to be soldiers LIH 3:16;
sibtam iStu imim Sa tal-qe-4i tussab will you
kassidakkdtim NIG.SU PN ... Sa pi kanikija
pay interest from the day you borrowed (the
Sa te-el-qu-4 tedrum according to my sealed
silver)? Hecker Giessen 12:21, and passim in OA;
document, return to him the millers belonging
summa awilum kaspam itti tamkdrim il-qe-ma
to PN whom you have taken over LIH 26:21
CH § 49:20, cf. sibat kaspim mala il-qi-
(all OB); ERIN.ME§ Sa i-le-eq-qu-u-ni bitati:
§ 100:2, ina kaspim le-qe-em samalldm ukdnma
sunu upaqqadu the persons whom they take
over they will assign to their estates PBS 2/2
U
§ 106:62, etc., cf. L~ SE KU.BABBAR itti DAM.
KAR il-qi4- Kraus Edikt § 5': 36, also §7': 17;
51:18, cf. amilita arkita u panita Sa il-qa-a
ana kima simim Sa ina ekallim il-qu-4 kanikam
Aro, WZJ 8 568 HS 111:5 (MB).
ana ekallim izibu ibid. § 9': 34; x kaspam ...
2' for refugees, messengers, etc.: if an ana Simim Sdmi al-qe-a-am I borrowed x
official of the king of Ugarit or a citizen of silver to make the purchase TCL 18 151:10,
Ugarit innabbitma ana libbi ... irrub arru cf. kaspam a ina bit tamkdrim ta-la-aq-qu-u-
rabi ul a-la-qe-Su anagar GN utdrsu flees and ma YOS 2 64:11; silver which itti dNANNA u
enters (the territory of the Lt.SA.GAZ of the PN PN2 il-qi-u PN2 borrowed from DN and PN
Sun), I, the great king, will not accept him UET 5 324:6; andku Sa el-qu-4 appalma
but will return him to the king of Ugarit Kraus AbB 1 10:18, cf. 1 GIN kaspam itti PN
MRS 9 108 RS 17.238:17, cf. (in similar con- il-qe-ma umma andkuma apul YOS 2 106:11;
text) mamman la i-la-qe-su-ma ibid. 52 RS silver which ana simim ana harrdnim ana
17.369A: 16', also sinniSta Sd$i annakam al- TAB.BA u tadmiqtim il-qu-4 he borrowed for
te-qe-Si ibid. 133 RS 17.116:15', (referring to purchases, for overland trade, for a partner-
messengers) RN il-te-qe-zu-nu u ana mubi ship or a tadmiqtu-transaction Kraus Edikt
abika umtadirunu ibid. 180 RS 17.286:13; § 6': 4, cf. x silver NAM.TAB.BA y KU.BABBAR
ina ahija RN a4ipa u as& il-qu-u-ni [...] tadmiqtum naphar x+y kaspum itti dUTU u
ikldSuniti in the time of my brother Muwa- PN PN, U PN 3 SU.BA.AN.TI.ES Grant Bus. Doc.
talli they took in a conjuror and a physician 36:9, cf. also (with KASKAL.SE NAM.TAB.
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BA) ibid. 62:7, and passim in OB, often wr. §U. ana puhi il-qe KAJ 91:13; aatu a nuduns
BA.AN.TI but SU.BA.AN.TE YOS 8 172:7, 158:8, nd&u mussu il-qu-u a woman whose husband
Grant Bus. Doc. 62:7, §U.BA.E.TE YOS 12 288:6, had received her dowry SBAW 1889 p. 828
SU.BA.AB.TE.GA.MES VAS 9 67:8 (= 68:7), etc., pl. 7 iv 10 (NB laws), of. irikti ... itti nuduns
negated: Su la.ba.ab.te.ga.en ba.an. negu ta-leq-qe-e-ma aplat ibid. 19, and cf.
dug 4 Jean Tell Sifr 1:12 (all OB); x cop- SeriktaJa u nudunndm ... i-le-qe-ma CH §
per MAS IGI.4.GAL.TA PN u PNZ DAM.NI U. 171:85; ana a iuti irgannima ... nudunnd
BA.AN.TI.ES MDP 28 434:7, cf. itti PN PN 2 il-qe-e-ma he took me as wife, took my
... seam il-qe-e ... ina Surubti eburim seam dowry and (I bore him a daughter) Nbn.
hubullanuAu utdr MDP 18 228:4 (= MDP 22 356:4, of. ki nudunnd ,a rPN aggatiu il-
37), cf. MDP 23 183:3f., and passim; x silver te-qe Cyr. 130:12, cf. also Dar. 379:65.
SAG TAB-i-ti itti PN PN 2 il-qe MDP 23 274:3,
d) to accept gifts, bribes: awild Sa tatam
replaced by SU.BA.AN.TI ibid. 5, and passim with
il-q4-4i the men who have accepted bribes
tappitu, q.v.; note silver and barley [a]na
LIH 11:10 and 26, cf. x kaspam ... ana tatim
usati il-qe MDP 22 27:3, ana SU.LA (= qipti)
le-qe-a-ku Sumer 14 32 No. 13:25 (both OB
itti PN PN2 il-qe MDP 23 190:6; x barley
letters); qi a[ssunu] <a ta-la-qe-u-nu-ti
ana HAR.RA.MES 6 LU.ME§ annitu il-qe-4
ARM 4 68:9; DN bullitima qitam le-qe-e
HSS 9 78:9, also RA 23 160 No. 71:2 and 6, of.
Gula, make (me) well, accept the gift AMT
200 bricks Sa PN ana MA-ti PN2 il-[te-q]
93,3:11, cf. NIG.BA-ki TI-i AMT 45,5 r. 9 and
RA 23 161 No. 80:5; x barley Sa PN PN 2 AMT 10,1 r. iii 5; you, potter's clay kasapki
(and four more persons) il-qe (he will deliver
mahrdti [.e]ki le-qa-ti have now received the
16 harvest workers to PN) JEN 557:7 (all Nuzi);
silver due to you, have now taken the barley
x tin KI PN PN2 il-qe (to be returned within
due to you KAR 227:17, see TuL p. 125; ilum
one month) KAJ 19:6, cf. KAJ 143:8 (MA);
ikribisu i-le-eq-qe the god will accept his
x silver ana MU.AN.NA.MES il-qe ADD 621 r. 5,
votive offering CT 5 6:66 (OB oil omens),
wr. SU.BA.AN.TI VAS 1 103:7 (NA).
and passim in this phrase; muhur kadrdsu le-qe
pid&eu receive his present, accept his ransom
2' other obligations: x land sa ina ekallim
AfO 19 59:159; see also amdru A mng. 5
kanckuum PN istu MU.4.KAM il-qe-e-ma ikkal
(amatu b).
which was assigned to him in the palace, PN
took over four years ago and he is using (it) e) to acquire, to buy: from the x garments
OECT 3 1:18, cf. eqlam ul e-le-qe ibid. 60:11, sa bit karim ana .imim ils-qe-4-ni which they
eqlam ... iStu ana iS~krim te-el-te-qu-~ ibid. had bought at the office of the kdru BIN 4
45:8, and passim in OECT 3 (all OB); referring 123:4, cf. x garments ekallum ana gimim
to exchange: x GIS.SAR ... KI PN PN2 il-qe ils-qe-ma BIN 4 61:45, also Kienast ATHE 62:12;
puhat kirisu ... PN2 iddin PN2 took over a wardam al-qe I bought a slave TCL 4 12:6;
date grove from PN, as equivalent for his the house belongs to PN 9a bitam i-ld-qe-4
date grove, PN2 gave (PN two other groves) x kaspam ana PN idaqqalma bitam i-ld-qe
Riftin 28:7, also 29:7, also, wr. SU.BA.AN.TI he who wants to buy the house pays x silver
VAS 13 83:8; x eqlam ... KI PN PN2 ana to PN and takes possession of the house TCL
erresuti il-qe-e MDP 23 280:5 and 279:5, cf. 21 255A:7 and 12, also 255B: 11 and 15; annakka
kiram ana nukaribbiti il-qe ibid. 244:6, also gimatka ibadsi mamman ld(!)-qd-i-u ula
[ana esip] tabal [SU.BA].AN.TI MDP 18 206:2 imuwwa the tin, your .... , is available
(= MDP 22 118); x barley ana supeliti el-te- (but) nobody wants to buy (it) TCL 14 42:12,
qe-mi JEN 469:6; the smith PN ana [ka]p(?)- cf. u 5 GiN.TA mamman la i-ld-qe-u even for
pi ana epsi il-qe u ippuma u utar has taken five shekels per (mina) nobody wants to buy
(x bronze) in order to make .... -s, he will it (the bad tin) KBo 9 6:9 (all OA); 1 imeram
make (them) and deliver (lit. return, the itti PN ana x kaspim el-qi I bought a donkey
finished product) HSS 9 39:4; Se'u anniu from PN for 5j shekels of silver CT 33 22:12;
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he brought me three slave girls 2 SAG.GEME. adoptee) will take (the estate) TCL 1 240:23
MES el-qe-m[a] I acquired two slave girls (OA); after the death of her father eqelsa
(from him) PBS 7 100:17; anamatim il-qe-ma kirada ahhuSa i-le-qu-ma her brothers take
he bought (the garment) for little money her field and garden CH § 178:81, cf. zittam
Kraus AbB 1 34:10; Sa j GIN kaspim siditim kima aplim iStin i-le-qe § 172:15, mari
le-q6-a-[ma] TCL 1 38:12 (all OB); tal-ti-qe-Su uawiriSama i-le(var. adds -eq)-q-4 § 174:56,
ina 70 kaspi she (the queen of Ugarit) bought also § 170:59, § 176:6 and 9, § 176A:18 and 21;
him for seventy (shekels of) silver MRS 9 238 qilti abum iddinusum i-le-qe-ma he takes for
RS 17.231:10; ana Simi gamir la-qe-u-ni himself the gift his father made to him
bought for the full price KAV 1 vi 43 (Ass. § 165:46, cf. Serikti ummatisunu i-le-qu-ma
Code § 44); and[ku] a-la-aq-qe I intend to buy § 167:5; PN Sa ina panfja aplussa il-qu-u-ma
(the field and house of PN) KAV 2 iii 12 (Ass. PN who had previously received her share
Code B § 6), and passim in this section; ana x PBS 7 55:10, see also aplitu mng. 2b, cf.
kaspi il-qe-4-ni KAJ 132:6, cf. 9U.BA.AN.TI zittasu il-qu-4 TCL 1 157:19, see also zittu
ana sime ... iddin KAJ 147:9; (a woman) mng. la-2'; ina biti a ibass~ kima 1 SES.A.NI
up-pu-at la-qe-at AfO 20123:8 (MA), for other i-le-qe-e Grant Smith College 260:8; E PN ...
MA refs., see apl A mng. 2, wr. laq-qe-ia-at PN2 §ES.GAL ZAG.10 i-le-qe-e-ma from the
VAS 1 90:10, laq-qe-'a ADD 233:12, also estate of PN the eldest brother PN2 takes one
il-qe kaspi gammur tadin SAL Suate sarpiat tenth (as preference share, the balance they
laq-qe-[at] VAS 1 85:8 and 11, and see sarapu divide equally) UET 5 114:5, cf. ses.gal
C usage a; if the term elapses Saprd[ti]Aunu sib.ta.na au ba.ab.te.ga.en BE 6/2
la-fqel-a their pawned objects are (considered) 24:9, also 48:11, wr. su
ba.ab.ti.ga PBS
bought KAJ 66:25; summa amelu a KUR GN 8/2 155:23; ina kisal dUTU ahum mala ahim
anaSimi itu KUR GN 2 tamklru ana Simi il-teil-qu-4 CT 6 7a: 37; assum aplut nadit amas
qe-Su-ma u ina KUR GN il-te-ka-as-S u 30 GIN sa PN ... il-qi-4-ma Kraus AbB 1 14:10;
kaspi li-il-qe (the king has proclaimed as ha.la.ni su ba.ab.te.ga ba.an.thm.
follows:) if a merchant buys a native of mu he takes his share with him Jean Tell
Arrapha in the country of the Lullians and Sifr 97:22; note eqlam ... a ina is-qi-du
brings him to Arrapha, he may take (as his (im> il-qu-u OECT 3 60:9 (all OB); mulle sa
price only) thirty shekels of silver JEN 195:17 diki ahhuSu i-le-eq-qu-u his brothers receive
and 19f.; ina libbi x kaspi TA IGI PN eqleti ... (their shares from) the fine paid for the slain
il-qe he bought the fields from PN for x silver (merchant) KBo 1 10 r. 18; PN kime marija
ADD 424:14, see ARU 90, cf. ina libbi x ere rabt zitta i-leq-qe u sz 2-su-ma zitta i-leq-qe
i-se-qe ADD 181:7, also ina kaspi i-se-qe PN takes a share like a first son of mine, and
ADD 806:8; issen gammal ina libbi 11 MA.NA he takes two shares HSS 9 24:13f., cf. kima
kaspi i-se-qe he bought a camel for 11 minas zittini ni-il-te-qe RA 23 155 No. 50:18; inass
of silver ABL 638:6 (NA), cf. ABL 1245:5; (a saqma u i-l[e]-eq-qe he selects and takes (his
garden) laq-qe was bought ADD 359 left edge share) HSS 9 96:13, cf. ibid. 22:26; E.HII.A ...
2, also Iraq 25 91 BT 106:10; ina libbi x ere sa PN PN, 2-M4 le-qe-su il-qe PN2 took two
ina qabsi GN la-qe ADD 812:5, also ibid. 9, and shares from the house of PN RA 23 144 No. 6:5,
passim in this text. cf. 2-9u le-qe-su iStu [1].HI.A.MES-ia [PN] i-leq-
q4-u HSS 19 46:12; ildni sa PN mdruSuma a
3. to take what is one's due (shares of an PN i-leq-qe only the (real) son of PN takes
inheritance or a partnership, of booty, toll, the divine images of PN RA 23 155 No. 51:14
tax, tribute, interest, rent, etc.), to take (all Nuzi); mdri Bunu zitta i-laq-qe-4 KAV 1
what belongs to one - a) to take what is vi 13 (Ass. Code § 41), cf. ahhi mutisa la zizitu
one's due - 1' shares of an inheritance: i-laq-qe-4 ibid. iii 89 (§ 25), cf. also iii 100 (§ 26),
dumma PN PN, imtu PN3 i-ld-qi if PN (and) itma ta-laq-q ibid. 102 (§ 26); zitta ki qatigu
PN2 (the adoptive parents) die, PN 3 (the i-laq-qd he receives a portion according to
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leq 3a leqi 3a
his share ibid. iv 10 (§ 28), inassaq i-laq-qe Ju(? or -Ica, copy -e) riribamma bring in what
KAV 2 ii 12, inassuqu i-laq-qe-u ibid. ii 7 (Ass.
Code B § 1), cf. ibid. 21 (§ 2); mar biti rabi 2
qdtd<te> i-laq-qe-ma KAJ 1:22, cf. KAJ 8:20,
SE
is our and his(?) (or: your) share TCL 18
109:20; sa atti annitim 1 siLA la la-qd-a-ku
CT 4 28:8, cf. Mattam eam ul el-qe TCL 17 28:11;
also il-qed--ni ibid. 22 (MA); salsu ina rihit kaspam ina bit ummidnim al-qi-a-a4- u-nu-i-
nikkassisu madr arkiti i-leq-qu-u the sons of im-ma addignunudim I took for them and
the second (wife) take one third of the balance gave them silver from the firm BiOr 10 14
of the estate SPAW 1889 p. 828 pl. 7 iii 29 and r. 2 (all OB); ahirti kaspidunu [i]-le-eq-qu-4
v 42 (NB laws); PN a arkatu PN2 il-qu-ui MDP 22 125:10; mala baSA gabbi Sa ina biti u
PN who had received the estate of PN2 ina siqu ahi zitti PN itti PN2 u PN3 i-leq-q
YOS 7 66:5, also VAS 4 79:6 (NB). whatever property there is, everything, in
storage or outstanding (lit. in the house or in
2' shares and allotments of a business the street), the share (which) PN can claim
transaction: we have divided into thirds from PN and PN Dar. 379:62; PN will
the x silver you brought istet qdtam kaspam cultivate this field ebiiru 9a uttati ... PN
andku al-qe-ma and I have taken one part i-leq-qe Dar. 409:6.
in silver TCL 14 33:8; summa umma PN-ma
3' shares of booty: marsit ali Sallat sabi
qdti le-qe la tamahharsu if PN says (to you):
PN Ca ikadadi-le-eq-qe whatever booty (and)
"receive my part!" do not accept (it) from
prisoners Sunasura lays hands on in the
him Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes
property (taken from) a city, he will keep
14:28, cf. qdti le-qe TCL 19 47:20, also 51:14,
(nobody will counter him) KBo 1 5 ii 30, also
2-ta ANSE.HII.A qtam ni-il5 -qe ICK 1 124:19,
ibid. 32, 38, 40, cf. HA.LA.HI.A allati a
also al~stim ni-ld-qe ibid. 24, mamman qdssu
ikaSAad uitma i-le-qe ibid. 50, also 51 and 60
la i-ld-qe CCT 5 8a: 8; zitti .a bit abini ina Alim
(treaty); 25 ilani sa madtti Sindtina kiditti
tal-qe CCT 5 14a: 8; PN maldsuma i-ld-qe-ma
qdtija Sa al-qa-a 25 images of the gods of
PN will take as big a share as he PSBA 19
these countries, my own spoils which I have
pl. 1:18; mala laptatini atta le-qe take as
taken AKA 62 iv 34 (Tigl. I), cf. kaspa Sa GN
much as is written down for you TCL 20
... kiditti kakkeja sa al-qa-a Scheil Tn. II 28.
90:12 (all OA); bel kirim zittasu inassaqmai-le-
qe CH § 60:26, also § 66:20 and 28, cf. Salus 4' payments due, interest, hire, rent, com-
tam si i-le-qe § 64:70; erresum ... ina eburim pensation, rations, etc.: he pays interest (at
kima riksdtiu seam i-le-qe the tenant farmer the rate of) twelve shekels per mina ali
takes his share of the barley at harvest time ammuruu kaspi a-ld-qe wherever I find him
according to his contract § 47:70, cf. bel I will take my silver TCL 21 219A: 14, cf.
eqlimma i-le-qe-ma § 49:36, also § 50:53; istu kaspam u sibassu tal-qe Kienast ATHE 48:17,
mala le-qe-ku utahrisu after I had deducted sibtam ula a-ld-qe BIN 6 55:19, 1 GIN.TA
(at the settling of accounts) whatever I had sibtam ina kdrim ta-ld-qe BIN 4 33:43, and
received TCL 1 15:11; MU.2.KAM iterrisma passim in OA; ina eburim 50 siLA Seam i-le-qe
SE-su il-te-eq-qe he had planted (the field) CH § 111:49, cf. ina ebiiri Seam u MA.BI ...
for two years and taken his share (each year) i-le-eq-qe ... kaspam u MAS.BI ... i-le-eq-qe
OECT 3 18:9; bel eqlim salus i-le-eq-qe TCL 1 Goetze LE § 20f. A ii 13 and 15, cf. also Driver and
128:10; bilat eqlim kirem ... sa istu MU.2. Miles Babylonian Laws p. 38 § L and § M 7, 11, and
KAM sa la le-qe-ka telteneqqu the rent of field 18; mimma a pi kaniki annim itti nadi biltim
(and) garden which you have continued to la la-qe-a-ku I have not received anything
receive for two years without a right to it from the tenant farmer (as I should) ac-
TCL 17 24:8, cf. ina deim a i-leq-q-4 cording to this sealed tablet Kraus Edikt § 9'
Boyer Contribution 212:8, also bilat eqlim ... iv 3; 97 avR §E ana 80 GUR §E Sa elija tar9kt
a eli biltisu PN le-q-4 BIN 2 101:20; he le-qi-a-ti you have received 97 gur of barley
should do the cultivating sa le-qd-ni i le-q4- for the eighty gur which I owed you YOS 2
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105:17 (OB); un libbisu kasapSu ... i-le-e- nebahsu le-qu-u Gautier Dilbat 21:8, cf. 1 GIN
eq-qd ARM 8 44:5';ina eburim x se'am ... KU.BABBAR nebahtu PN il-qe ibid. 2 r. 3, and
itti salmi u keni i-le-eq-qe MDP 23 181:19; see nebahu; referring to rations: aSSum
akt hubulli kaspi i-laq-qe Nbn. 103:14; sidit UD.15.KAM Sdpiri la-qe-a-am iqbiam
ina suti seherti nadanu ina suti GAL-i TI-e sidit UD.14.KAM al-qe-a-am my governor gave
to give out (on loan) by the small sutu- me orders concerning taking provisions for
measure, to collect by the large one Surpu 15 days, I have taken provisions for 14 days
VIII 64, also (with MA.NA and GIN) ibid. 65f.; TCL 18 128:17f. (all OB); one gur of oil PN mar
referring to rent: kisir bitim le-qe-e-ma Sipri Sarri SU.BA.AN.TI (ilqe or imhur) MDP 10
ABIM 8:25, of. Meissner BAP 55:10, wr. Su. 125:5 (Ur III); x barley rakib narkabti la i-le-
BA.AN.TI VAS 13 92:8 (OB), cf. [k]imi kisra eq-qu-U RA 23 158 No. 63:3, and passim in this
il-qe-u-ni KAJ 8:40 (MA); referring to hire: text (Nuzi); NINDA.KASKAL-U-nu Sa i-le-eq-
igridunu mimma ula il5 -qe-4 Shileiko Doku- qu-u KBo 1 5 iv 23 (treaty).
menty 1:10 (= Jankowska KTK No. 62) (OA);
5' taxes, customs, duties due: ekalluml
SA.BA KA.K MU.1.KAM 1 GIN KU.BABBAR
nishatiSunu li-fil-ql-ma let the palace take
le-qui- from the annual wages he has re-
the nishtu-dues from them KT Hahn 13:10,
ceived one shekel of silver Grant Smith
cf. nepeSam kunukkika ipturuma nishatim
College 257:11, cf. §A A.BI . .. X KU.BABBAR
il-qe-c-ma TCL 19 36:18, also BIN 4 61:16, and
PN le-qi-u UET 5 243:11; wardua u alpua
passim, cf. x kutanu ana saddu'etim ld-qe-4
ukullam limhuru agrii idiSunu li-il5-qu-4
CCT 4 13a: 19 (all OA); miksam li-il-q-4 LIH
my slaves and cattle should receive food
28:13, cf. miksat eqlim ... Sa te-el-q4-4 TCL
rations, the hired men should take their wages
17 24:13, 1 MA.NA kaspam itti tamkarim
BIN 7 49:14, cf. um eqla BA.AN.[DAG1.GI mala
le-qe-e-ma Frank Strassburger Keilschrifttexte
il-qd-u u kurummatam(!) utdr(!) UET 5 241:11
12:9 (all OB); mikis tamkdri ... ultu ddriti
(all OB); other compensations: 10 GIN
la i-laq-q has he not been collecting customs
kaspam i-le-qe he (the physician) takes ten
duty from the merchant(s) from of old? MRS
shekels of silver (for the operation performed)
9 219 RS 17.424C+ :22, of. miksa la il-qa-a
CH § 215:66, cf. § 216:69; ana tarbitiSuu muse:
ibid. 18.
niqtim ... x seam le-e-qi he has taken x
barley for (the expenses he incurred for) b) to take what belongs to one: summa
raising the children and for the wet nurse kaspum ana Aa PN ituar it li-il5 -qe-Su Summa
AJSL 34 p. 135:14; tniqMU.3.KAM a la la-qe-at ana kuaim ituar atta le-qe-Su if the silver
(but [ma]h-ra-at case line 16) VAS 7 10:17 (all turns out to belong to PN, he should take (it),
OB); 1 MA.NA.TA.AM sarpaLU.MES a Barrais: if it turns out to belong to you, you take it
iiini i-[la-q]e-u TUG balta adi tilliSa tupSar ali TCL 19 28:19 and 21; a kaspam ana PN isaqs
i-la-qe the men who carried the king each get qulu bitam i-ld-qd whoever pays the (owed)
one mina of silver, the city scribe gets a silver to PN (the creditor) takes for himself
fancy garment with its trimming MVAG 41/3 the (pledged) house BIN 4 190:13; summa
12 ii 41 (MA rit.); mar bart u sangd DN uzu. watar PN i-ld-qe summa batiq PN-ma izzaz
KIN i-leq-qu-i the diviner and the chief priest MVAG 33 No. 226:19, also AnOr 6 pl. 8 No. 22:32
of DN take the entrails RAcc. p. 92 r. 3; IGI PN (all OA), cf. watri lu e-le-qe-e mati lu umalla
... 10 GIN kaspam NIG.BA-SU il-te-qe in the UET 5 250:28 (OB), cf. watarSuma i-le-qe (var.
presence of PN, he has received ten shekels of i-le-eq-qd) Goetze LE § 18 A ii 5 and B i 18; bel
silver as a fee PSBA 14 pl. opp. p. 143:35 (NB); hulqim uluqsu i-le-qe the owner of the lost
batiqdnu lubultuSu i-laq-qe the person who object takes his lost object back CH § 9:42
denounces him receives his garment KAV 1 and § 10:61, cf. mimmdS u alqam ... [it]ti
v 83 (Ass. Code § 40); rugumme dinim dudti sarrdqdnidui-le-q& § 125:7, also kasap iSqulu
A.RA 5-au i-le-qd the purchaser recovers i-le-q § 9:47, also, with var. i-la-qe § 278:66,
fivefold damages in that case CH § 12:13; deriktam Ja bit abida i-le-q-ma § 172A:38, also
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§ 142:3 and § 176:90; ina mi bel eqli illakanni qi--um kasid if it is proper that PN's sons
kirc adi manihdteSu i-laq-qe any day the take what he has given us as a gift TLB 4
owner of the land (on which the garden was 2:21; bdbitum Sa PN la el-qu-4 la alputu
laid out) appears, he may take the garden I have taken no property of PN, not (even)
including improvements on it KAV 2 v 25 (Ass. touched (it) CT 29 42:15, cf. ina 5liu mala
Code B § 13), cf., wr. il-q~(!)-4 CH § 47:62, il-qu-4 birramma Supram (see bdru A mng.
cf. also belu manahdtisu NU TI CT 39 9:23 3a-2') ibid. 4a:23; mimmaSu ul i-le-eq-qd
(SB Alu); sunniqSuma mimmika le-qe ABIM UCP 9 377:43 (OB smoke omens), cf. mimma
9:28; 8a la izzazzu mi-im 4-li-le-qe whoever la kam te-le-q YOS 10 33 iv 16, cf. also mims
is not present does not get anything PBS 7 ma la Sam i-le-[qe] ibid. 19 (OB ext.); ana la-
27:13; x GUR lu-ul-qe-e-ma ana belija lukrub qd-e mimma KBo 1 7:22 and 24; the king
let me get two gur (of barley) and I will bless should inquire summa la-qi-te mimma aSum
my lord ibid. 104:11; x GfN KI.BABBAR-Ca le- hazanni whether I have taken anything from
qd-ma (and send me the balance) CT 6 19b:32 the (Egyptian) official EA 251:2, cf. ul il-ti-
(all OB); 24 amelussu itti PN [a]-nale-qe-em-ma qa mimma.ME§ Sa ilanika kalbu S~tu so that
to take back from PN his 24 retainers PBS 2/2 this dog does not take anything which belongs
25:7 (MB); ana mutiSa la utarsi i-laq-qed-i he to your gods EA 84:34; buuiAu // mimmuu
does not return her (the wife of the adulterer) dannu TI-qe a powerful person will take his
to her husband but keeps her KAV 1 viii 29 property away K.157+ r. 2 (namburbi, courtesy
(Ass. Code § 55); assassu i-laq-qe he takes his R. Caplice); the enemy will make a razzia
wife back KAV 1 v 3 (Ass. Code § 36), cf. iii 55 against [my country] mimma NU TI but will
and 80 (§ 24), vi 75 (§ 45), and cf. mussama take nothing away CT 31 35:16 (SB ext.);
urkiu i-laq-qe ibid. 78; dumdqi a ... iSkunus namkzrisu[nu] buSgeunu bdsitu nu el-te-qe
sini i-laq-qe ibid. v 23 (§ 38); kallassu i-laq-qe Smith Idrimi 74; nakru Elami il-te-qe buSusu
ibid. iv 35 (§ 30); kaspa sa iddinuni i-laq-qe MVAG 21 88:8 (Kedorlaomer text), cf. le-qa-a-
ibid. iv 46 (§ 31), cf. ibid. 38 (§ 30), and passim in ma buusu ibid. 84:13, buSdsu al-te-qu BHT
this text; when in three years PN returns pl. 8 v 7, cf. ibid. pl. 12 ii 17; NIG.GA DINGIR
u eqlasu i-le-q summa eqlu majdru la i-le-qe TI-qe ACh Supp. Sin 20:15; NiG.GA- U ekallu
he takes back his field, but (if) the field is TI-qe Boissier DA 251 i 17; nasirti nakrika te-
(already under the) plow he cannot take it le-qe-[e] you will obtain your enemy's
back RA 23 154 No. 47:23f., cf. (in similar treasure YOS 10 47:66, cf. ibid. 58, also, wr.
context) utdrma u mdrasu PN i-le-eq-q SAL.§AE-ka nakru TI-qe CT 31 37 K.7971:9;
JEN 607:10; me undtunu ana raminiSu i-laq- hdma u husaba a GN ul el-qe (see husabu
qe KAV 2 vi 17 (Ass. Code B § 17); mimma sa mng. 3a) KBo 1 2:32 and 1:51; kabtu AD.HAL
mussu iSrukuSu i-leq-qe-e-ma whatever her belisu TI-ma zAX-it an important person will
husband has given her as presents she takes take his lord's treasure and run away CT 31
(and marries whom she wants) SBAW 1889 29 r. 8, also KAR 148:17, cf. LUGAL du-mu-uq
p. 828 pl. 7 iv 35 (NB laws). a.GAL ina §u i-le-qe-ma in-na-ab-bi-it CT 6 2
case 29 (OB liver model), see Nougayrol, RA 38 77;
4. to take away (objects, persons, animals, Sallassu i-le-qe-e YOS 10 35:2, cf. nakrum
fields, countries, etc.) by force or under Sallati i-le-qe-e-ma CT 44 37 r. 7, cf. also LU.
threat, (in the stative) to be lacking (in ext.) KUR NAM.RI il-qi-u uSadda nu>Au they will
- a) property, booty: [...] a-la-ga-si-m[a] make the enemy return the booty he took
N 288 iii 2' (OAkk. inc., courtesy A. Westenholz); KBo 7 7: 2a (liver model); sal-la-ta i-le-eq-qe-ma
mati li-il-qe mimmdki if she should ever take in-na-ab-bi-[it] KAR 454:25; NAM.[RA.ME§]-
something away from you VAS 10 214 r. vi 46 Su-nu Sa il-te-qu-ni MRS 9 50 RS 17.340:20;
(OB Agu>saja); mimmii bit abija il-te-qu-[4] ina zumur nakcrika eritika te-le-eq-qd you
Kraus AbB 1 120:4'; mannum mini il-qe ibid. will take from your enemy whatever you
34:23; umma da PN iqidannidJimmdriAu le- desire YOS 10 11 v 21; numdt bel bitim il-te-
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qg(!) CH § 25:62, of. num&t UKU.U il-te-qe caught PN RA 19 102:20, and passim in EA;
§ 34:53; SukuttaSa la i-laq-qe-u they must those who have entered your country as
not take away her jewelry KAV 1 v 72 (Ass. refugees mamma idtu qtika la i-la-q9-Ju-nu
Code § 40); note without object: nakru ina nobody shall take away from you MRS 9 37
mati TI-qi Thompson Rep. 120:5, also, wr. RS 17.132:43; 1 LT iduku~ u ani LU il-te-qu
i-leq-qe ibid. 59:4, 66 r. 1, and ZA 52 238: 11b they killed one man and took another pris-
(astrol.); nakru GAZ-ku SAR-tu TI-4 will the oner JEN 670:28, and passim in this text and in
enemy kill, plunder (and) take away? PRT JEN 525; mussa nakru il-te-q KAV 1 vi 47
26:14. (Ass. Code § 45); hadima adSassu i-laq-qi-u
if he wants, they can take his wife away
b) specific objects: (after a list of objects
KAV 1 iii 60 (Ass. Code § 24); the unruly people
and staples) Sit PN il-qe-am-ma itbalu which
of GN and GN,, subjects of Hatti al-qa-a ana
PN took for himself and carried off Gelb OAIC
ni.s mdtija amnu I took as my own and
7:23 (OAkk.); U.I LUGAL age beliSu TI-qe-ma
counted them among the inhabitants of my
innabbit the king's barber will take away his
country KAH 2 71a: 4 (Tigl. I); mdr PN ana
crown and run off KAR 428:49 (SB ext.); aen
KUR GN il-qu-u-ni they have taken the son
Sahiren il s -q[e] TCL 20 117:10 (OA); the king
of PN away to the country GN (so far I have
should know that miSillunu a unite ... PN
heard nothing of him) ABL 414 r. 14 (NA);
i-le-eq-q PN is appropriating half the objects
adi sis&eunu al-qa-.u-nu-ti I captured them
(which the king my lord has given me) EA
with their horses TCL 3 137 (Sar.); dibut mdti
161:43, cf. u hurdsa u sarpa ... gabba i-le-
nakru TI-qe the enemy will take away the
eq-qe ibid. 45; summa alddm il-qe-ma (see
elders of the country Leichty Izbu V 95, cf.
aldil) CH § 254:84, naSpakam iptema seam
aarid ekallim LUr.KUR i-le-qe YOS 10 24:42
il-qe he opened the granary, took out barley
(OB ext.); darrdni gunu ina gigari TI-a you
CH § 120:12, also seam mala il-qui-(var.
will take these kings away in neck stocks
omits -4) CH § 113:12; seam §a LU.GESTU.LA
KAR 434 r. 14 (SB ext.); ilu kamitu lil-qu-gi
sa PN il-qui- ana LU.GESTU.LA liter LIH 12:19;
let the "captive" gods (of the nether world)
libnatesu i-laq-qe-~ they confiscate his bricks
take it (the evil) away AfO 14 146:126 (bit
KAV 2 v 31 (Ass. Code B § 14); lul-qe-ma tuppi
mesiri).
Simati ill andku CT 15 39 ii 12 (Epic of Zu).
c) persons and animals: he destroyed d) fields, etc., cities, countries: x garden

twelve of my towns alpiSunu u seniSunu 9a bll ... iddinam PN il-te-qe TCL 7 13:10
il 5 -t -qe Balkan Letter 23 (OA); PN sa nakrum (OB); omen ofNaram-Sin 9a GN il-qd-a' who
il-q-u PN whom the enemy has taken away took Apiial RA 35 42 No. 3:3, cf. 9a ...
YOS 2 32:7, cf. nakrum il-qe-nd-ti LIH 48:8, NIMk il-qd-a ibid. 43 No. 9:5 (early OB liver
nakrumi-le-eq-qe-e-Su-u-ma should the enemy models from Mari); midil eqlija dibit alim il-qi-
seize him (the bondsman) YOS 8 44:13, and ma the elders of the town took away half of
passim in similar contexts; nakrum i-le-qe-ka-ma my field CT 6 27b: 24, cf. ana minim qaqqa[d
kakkika uSatbakka the enemy will seize you eql]iSunu te-el-qe-a-ma TCL 7 37:14; a.sum
and make you drop(?) your weapons YOS 10 eqlim .a PN awilUm le-qe-a-.u iqbiakkum
45:18, cf. Sepka ana mat nakrim urradma concerning the field of PN, did the boss order
wdaiam i-le-eq-qd (see das
mng. lb) YOS 10 you to take it (away)? Sumer 14 64 No. 38:7
36 iii 5, ahidtika nakrum i-le-q (var. i-le-eq- (Harmal); ana ... pdqiri 9a eqla annd i-le-eq-
qe) YOS 10 48:47 and 49:19; Samalle imeri il- qu-4 any claimant who wants to take away
qe-ma ihtaliq my assistant took the donkeys this field MDP 2 pi. 20:10, cf., wr. §U.[BA].TI
and ran off CT 2 49:7, cf. GUD.1I.A t a ina AnOr 12 305 r. 12 (NB kudurru); madtti Sa al-
mahrija il-q4-4 PBS 7 116:28, also TIM 2 107 qg-4 umteAdirbunti KBo 1 1:23; L1 URU GN
r. 5' (OB); I sent word u tWi. ERIN.ME§ pitatu il-te-qe 3 d1ni idtu jdi the ruler of Hazor has
u te-dl-qi PN and the archers went out and taken three towns away from me RA 19 104:19,
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leqi 4e leqf 5c
cf. jimur mdtatisuu ji-il-qe gabba ibid. 103:61, banquet during this month, they should do
sa je-el-te-qui alninu EA 280:31 and 35, la-quz so on the 13th, 15th or 17th) ABL406:9;
mat sarri EA 123:39, and passim in EA; eqla ildni sa PA.AN irisanni el-qi-4 the gods for
sdsu fPN u PN 2 istu qdtija il-te-qu-u JEN whom I have performed the rite they re-
659:14, cf. inanna eqla Sdsu istu 3 sandti PN quested from me KAR 38:19; lali PA.AN el-
PN 2 u PN 3 ana emiiqimma ina qtini itekmu 4 q4-i4 lusbi let me enjoy the benefit of the
il-te-qc-u (see ekemu usage a) JEN 662:39; rite I have performed ibid. 20, cf. lumun PA.
URU ZAG.MU nakru TI-[qe] CT 31 25 Sm. AN al-qi-4u la itehhd may the evil consequences
1365:21, and passim in SB omens. of the ritual I have performed not affect me
ibid. 21, also, addressing the pars sarhctu
e) in transferred mngs.: [bel]ut samame
of all the gods: le-qd-ku-nu iqbinimmaandku
te-le-[qe] you have assumed the dominion of
el-qe ibid. 35f.; see also Lambert BWL 36:103
the heavens LKA 17:17, see Ebeling, Or. NS 23
cited mng. 8.
346; illiluti il-te-qe CT 15 39 ii 21 (Epic of Zu);
note sarrutta sa mat Amurri ... ana qdt b) qatdtu to assume guarantee: qd-ta-ti
mdresu ... mamma lu la i-le-eq-qe KBo 1 PN PN2 il-qe-e PN 2 has assumed guarantee
8:26; isqgiuma maqiissu sa le-qe-[e napisti] for PN UET 5 425:4, cf. qd-ta-ti-su il-qe
he gave her the potion to drink that takes Kraus AbB 1 101:9, assum qd-ta-ti-su il-q-ui
life away BRM 4 18:13, cf. iSqgnni masqissu ibid. 10, also Jean Sumer et Akkad 194:7; PN A
sa TI-e zI-[tim] ibid. 3; nakru DINGIR A.MU PN2 u.dh.a.ni su ba.an.ti.mes Grant
TI-q4 KAR 430 r. 14 (SB ext.); [i]na nekelmdsa Bus. Doe. 5:7, cf. ibid. 6:6, 16:8, 63:8, (with
kuzubsa il-qe (parallel: inibsaitbal) by merely su.dh.a) TCL 10 111:5, 118:9, and note
glaring at her she (the sorceress) took her sU.DUg.A PNPN2 il-qe'e TLB 1 144:5, su.dug.
charm away Maqlu III 10; SAL.BI diissu a.ni ... su ba.an.ti YOS 5 114:6 (all OB);
i-leq-qe that woman will take away his should PN not pay the silver le-qe qa-ta-ti-ju
virility CT 39 44:17 (SB Alu); see also asakf ... kaspam i.LA.E he who had assumed
ku B usage b-2'. guarantee for him will pay the silver ARM 8
66:19; PN u PN, qd-ta-ti a palgim il-qz-u
5. in idiomatic phrases (alphabetically
MDP 24 372:6, sa qd-td-ti-im te-el qe-na MDP
arranged) - a) parsi to perform a ritual,
18 239:9; la-a ta-laq-qe qa-ta-t[e] AfO 12 51
to be capable of performing rites - 1' said
K 6, and passim in broken contexts in this section;
of the king: umma ina Nisanni sarru PA.AN
ki la-qe qa-ta-t[e] KAJ 259:7, Sa ki qa-ta-a-te
TI-q' if the king performs a ritual in the
month Nisannu Labat Calendrier § 38:1, also
sa PN il-qe-u-ni ibid. 4 (MA).
(but referring to a private person) KAR 177 ii 37 c) setitu to hold in disrespect, to treat
(iqqur ipul). contemptuously: awilum ds-ti-ti abija u sd-
2' said of gods: ana ...
ti-ti il5-te-qe the man has treated my father
Istar Uruk rubati
and me with contempt KTS 30:27f. (OA);
sirti le-qa-a-ti pa-ra-as Anitu Borger Esarh.
si-ti-us-sa la te-le-qe u qaqqassa ... la
73:2; le-qu-u par-su erseti rapasti ... attus
numa AAA 22 62 r. ii 35; us par-si kaliSunu
tuqallal do not mistreat her and do not
shame her TLB 4 90:9 (OB let.); zerdti
le-qa-ta you (Marduk) are capable of per-
forming all the sixty crafts Scheil Sippar S.
mat Assur istappar (var. ispurma il-qa-a se-
97 + BA 5 385:18 (courtesy W. von Soden); letu-tu) he constantly sent hostile mes-
qu-u par-si AfK 1 23 i 37.
sages about Assyria (variant: in messages he
treated Assyria contemptuously) Lie Sar. 73,
3' said of other persons: concerning the cf. the people of his entire land fought against
arrangements for a banquet about which the him il-qu-4 de-tu-su and held him in dis-
king, my lord, has sent me word (I report) respect Winckler Sar. pi. 45 F 20, also il-qa-a
PA.AN (gloss: pa-ar-si) il-qe he has per- Si-[tul-[ti] Winckler Sammlung 2 1:19 (Charter of
formed the ritual (it is good to arrange the Assur); PN who had thrown off the yoke
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leq 6 leqf 9
Se-tu--tu RN Sarri beliSu il-qu-u imeSS4 ardiissu ibid. 15; barley sa ina qdt PN tupsarri PN2
had treated his lord and king RN with li-te-eq-qu-u BE 15 7:2, BE 14 112:2, also PBS
disrespect, forgetting that he was (but) a 2/2 58:2 and 13 (all MB); GUD.HI.A-,U UDU.
vassal TCL 3 80, cf. Ja nir A Jur isli il-qu-ui HI.A-u il-ta-aq-qe KBo 10 1:27 (Hattusili bil.),
se-tu-ti Winckler Sar. pl. 32 No. 67:55, il-qa-a cf. (in broken context) lil-te-eq-qu-4 KBo 1
Se-tu-sun KAH 2 141:108 (all Sar.); le-qu-u 10:78; T.MES tal-ta-na-qe KAR 220 r. iv 5, see
se-tu-ti Cagni Erra IIId 15, IV 113, le-qu-u Ebeling Parfumrez. p. 31; bitati u manahata ...
e-tu-ut-ni ibid. I 77, le-qu-u Si-tu-us-su el-te-te-eq-qi HSS 19 74:13 (Nuzi); 1-en.TA.AM
Lambert BWL 99:19; si-tu-us-su-nu e tal-[qi] gabrane il-te-qu-4 they have each taken a
ibid. 100:57; GABA. (RI)>-U Se-tu-su TI-q his copy BRM 1 82:12, Camb. 187:12, 279:11,
rival will treat him with contempt Dream- 349:31, 388:14, cf. VAS 3 107 :11, also ibid. 154:8,
book 329 r. ii 22. 177:18, VAS 5 61:12, Nbn. 243:18, etc., also, wr.
TI-u BE 9 25:15, 102:14, VAS 4 129:7, TI-qe.
6. 1/3 (iterative to mngs. 1-4): summa MES BRM 2 35:34, but il-qu- BRM 1 74:13,
aSium ajakamma ibassi ... il 5 -ta-na-qe- if and passim; ana epus tdhazisu URU GN es-se-
there is iron anywhere they will get it BIN 4 ne-qe I repeatedly took the city Carchemish
45:13, cf. 50 immere ... li-ta-qe-ma CCT 2 to fight him LKA 64:10; for other occs. see
18:22; ummedni PN kasapSunu il5 -ta-qe-u mngs. Id-2' and le-4'.
all the creditors of PN have collected their
silver CCT 2 28:6; kdrum sadduatam la il5- 7. II to take (same mng. as mng. 1): ana
ta-na-qe the kdru must not collect the sad kaspim d1-qu-im BIN 4 79:18', cf. kaspum ...
dudtu-dues each time TCL 20 94:32; naphar Id-qui- ibid. 14' (OA); malgitu a ul-ta-qu-i
x kaspam Sa il5 -ta-qe-i in all, x silver which all the booty which I had taken Scheil Tn.
they have collected (according to the list II r. 48.
given) BIN 4 41:38; lu ina babtiSu isti tam:
8. Sulqu (causative to mngs. 1-5): mimma
kdritim tal-ta-qe as well as what you have
ula tu-si-il5 -qe-a-a[n]-ni you have sent me
collected through agents from his credits nothing UET 5 78:20, cf. itu GN beli... -da-
outstanding Hecker Giessen 12:10; sibtam isser
al-qe-em ARM 2136:9; uzun ardija Sdram tu-
PN ils-ta-qe-4 Kienast ATHE 13:11, also CCT
si-il-qe-ma you made my slave listen to empty
5 25a:9; asakkam il5-ta-na-qe- (see asakku B
talk OECT 3 77:16, see Kraus, AbB 4 No. 155;
usage b-2') Kienast ATHE 38:23 (all OA); the
waspi 5 metim su-ul-qe-am (see aspu usage a)
gardeners naSpak suluppi iptenettilma sur Lacssee Shemshara Tablets 79 SH 812:38, cf. US-
luppi il-te-ne-qui- keep on opening the date te-el-qe Sumer 13 93:12 and dupl. 95a:7 (OB inc.),
storage and taking out dates YOS 2 113:11,
also u4-al-qa-ma Cagni Erra IIIa 6; the goddess
cf. seam sa PN ... il-te-ne-eq-qe TCL 1 35:12,
Belet-mati mu-sal-qa-at liti who brings
istu MU.4.KAM PN ... §E-su il-te-ne-eq-qe
victory AKA 207 i 5 (Asn.); belut GN u-Sal-qu-u
OECT 3 1:9, Seam sa itu MU.4.KAM ... il-te-
Sanam[ma] they made somebody else assume
eq-qi-4 ibid. 29; 1 GUR seam li-te-q[e-a]m the rule over Elam Streck Asb. 212:19, 108 iv
VAS 16 130:28; the linseed Sa itu MU.2.KAM
70 and dupls.; dannu makkirSunu su-ul-qe
sa la leqdka te-el-te-ne-qui which you have make a mighty one take away their posses-
been drawing for two years without (having sions Maqlu II 118; parsija zu-al-qu-u as
the right) to draw TCL 17 24:8; Seam mala
ndmma they have let somebody else perform
ina GN il-te-qu-i TCL 1 34:26 (all OB); persons
my offices Lambert BWL 36:103 (Ludlul I);
sa ana lidinim il-te-nd-qu-ni-kum whom they note in the iterative: ana libbi GN hubta ul-
have captured here and there for you (to they are having the spoils
te-ni-il-qt-t
serve) as informers ARM 1 29:6, cf. ibid. 17f.,
brought to Turira KBo 1 14:13.
also ARM 2 22: 16; previously the king ina GN
ittiPN imir il-te-ne-eq-qd always requisitioned 9. IV to be taken, accepted, to be taken
donkeys in GN from PN ARM 1 132:12, cf. (away) (passive to mngs. 1-4): your garments
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lequ 9 1iru
ina ekallim i-le-qe-4 were taken away in the bit iii mimma il-leq-qe something will be
palace CCT 2 24:22, cf. garments ana simim taken away from the temple CT 40 12:5;
i-le-qe-u BIN 4 65:9 and ibid. 128:5, etc.; note niqi.u NU TI-qe (var. NU mahir) his offering
hurdsam sa na-al-qt-e-em [ana] sirisu ta-ld- will not be accepted CT 40 48:21 (all SB Alu);
qe-e BIN 6 183:27; summa sibtum mimma one pair of leather sandals ana PN ... sa ana
isser PN ld i-tal-qe kaspam mimma PN2 a(na) muhhi qaSti sa kddanu il-leq-qe nadin given
PN la isaqqal if no interest at all was taken to PN who had been taken to the archers of
from PN, PN2 will pay no silver to PN CCT 5 the fortified outposts GCCI 2 211:14 (NB);
25a: 17, cf. Kienast ATHE 13:16 (all OA); a.sum PN sa ana madaktu il-leq-qe PN who was
puhF eqlija sa ina GN il-le-qt-4 concerning the taken away to the army camp Nbk. 301:8
replacement for my field which was taken (NB); for PBS 2/2 25:7, see mng. 3b.
away in GN TCL 7 77:6, also 76:5, cf. mali 10. to be taken (in the WSem. passive,
eqlisu sa il-le-qid- ibid. 59:6, cf. also puh EA): kali mimme sa ju--ul-q-na estu ds
sdbim .a il-le-q4-4 OECT 3 61:15; aplit mdrat sunu ana sarri ul ji-il-qe-Ju amelu Jand ana
ahi abija il-le-qe-e-ma tuppdtisa iddinamma sasu everything that has been taken from
when the inheritance of the daughter of my them belongs to the king, nobody else can
paternal uncle was taken away he gave me take it for himself EA 117:68, cf. [mim]mu
her documents PBS 7 55:7; kaspum sa mahar
sa ju-ul-qi [estul [da]sunu EA 86:11, [kal]i
PN il-la-qe-a-am VAS 7 117:6, also barley mimmija ... ju-ul-qi ana sa[rri] EA 105:82;
sa istu GN il-la-qe-a-am CT 2 43:16, inuma the taskarinnu-wood istu GN tu-il-qi-na will
kaspum el-le-qi- i TIM 2 12:40; A.S~ immah:
be brought from Ugarit EA 126:6; the
hasamma il-la-qe-a-am Meissner BAP 42:25 messengers ina ime tu-ul-qi-na will be
(all OB); ummdn RN i-la-qi-i the army of brought in a few days EA 108:58, cf. EA 90:18,
Isme-Dagan was taken captive RA 35 44 No. cf. also adi ju-u-ul-qi PN EA 117:33; nu-il-
llb:5 (early OB liver model from Mari); mdri qa-am-mi we will be taken RA 19 102:23;
sarrim sa ina GN il-le-qui- ARM 1 27:26; tu-ul-qe GN GN was taken EA 91:8, cf. tu-
Ki.GI-su li-il-le-qe-ma ana kussim ... linnepes
ul-qi kali mati EA 132:15, cf. also EA 83:15;
ARM 10 52:15; A.SA.HI.A E.Di.A-ti il-le-eq-qa-a see also laqdhu.
MDP 24 395:2, cf. ma-ku-ru-su 4-ul il-le-qe
For MSL 1 45 (Ai. III iii) 53, see lequ s.
MDP 23 284:18; ina aldkim salastisunu il-le- Ad uang. le-4': Oppenheim, JNES 11 130 n. 3.
qi-4i three of them were seized en route Ad mng. 5b: Falkenstein Gerichtsurkunden 1
TCL 17 59:24; garments sa kurummat sehri p. 116 n. 5.
il-le-q[t-4] VAS 16 66 r. 7, oil sa itti PN il-la- lequ see lekid.
qe-a-am SLB 1/3 118:3; two prisoners (asiru)
Sa ina GN il-le-qu-nim VAS 13 50:6; gold and leqfi s.; foster father; OB*; cf. leqd v.
silver [sa i]na E ... il-le-qu-4 which was lu.ba.an.[da.ri.b]i : le-qu-Su his (the
adopted child's) foster father (for context, see
stolen from the (named) chapel PBS 1/2 12:5 leqi s.) Ai. III iv 3.
(all OB); they should guard the men whom
le-qi-i4 a mar amat ekallim il-q4- the
PN will give them [il]-leq-qu-i-ni should they foster father who has adopted the child of
be taken away (they will not be forgiven) a palace slave girl Goetze LE § 35 A iii 12 and
PBS 2/2 55:10 (MB); the horses la il-leq-qu-ma
B ii 22.
la innammaru litiksun have not been requi-
sitioned and have not been examined as to In the cited Ai. passage leqi (Sum. li.ba.
an.da.ri) and leqd (Sum. a.bar.ra) are
their fitness TCL 3 172 (Sar.); if the bull's
body is as black as pitch ana parsz ... il-leq-
clearly contrasted. In Ai. III iii 53, however,
qu he may be taken for the ritual leq is rendered erroneously by Sum. li.ba.
RAcc.
an.da.ri.
10 i 5, cf. ana parsi ... ul il-leq-q ibid. 6;
NiG.GA- U TI-q[e] his property will be taken leru (liru) s.; (a mineral color, orpiment(?));
away KAR 392 r.(?) 10, 389b (p. 350): 12; ina SB, NA, NB.
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le§u letu
sim.na 4 .sahar (var. sim.sabar) = le-e-ru split in the direction of the "yoke" ibid. 25:18
Hh. XI 310; im.sim.na 4 .sahar = li-e(var. -i)-ru and 16, 26 iv 19f.; Summa ... muhhasina le-ti
= sin-di N[A4 .SAHA] Hg. A II 141, in MSL 7 114;
sim.bi.Kr.GI, sim.bi.sig7.sig7, sim.sahar,
if their (the ribs') top is split ibid. 45:50 (all
Sim.sahar.kfi.gi, §im.na 4 .salhar : t li-i-rum OB ext.); summa ... ubdn hasi qablitu ana 2
(var. le-e-[ru]) Uruanna III 485ff., cf. i.sahar. le-ta-at if the middle lobe of the lung is split
KfT.GI, u.sim.bi.sigy.sigy, simn.Kl.GI, iln.KJ. in two CT 31 40 iv 12, cf. CT 30 18 i 3, pitru
GI, sim.sahar, sim.bi.KV.GI : it si-i-pu ibid.
le-ti CT 28 45 r. If. (SB ext.); uncert.: summa
480ff.
immerum irhumma supur imittisu/sumelisu
DIS KI le-ri u-kal if the earth contains 1.
il-te-e-te if the sacrificial lamb rattles (when
CT 41 20:12 (SB Alu); 9 Gur le-e-ru (among
slaughtered) and splits its right/left hoof
metals and minerals) Iraq 23 50 ND 2774:7
YOS 10 47:25f.
(NA); 10 MA.NA li-i-ri Nbn. 558:12.
For refs. wr. sIM.(BI.)KiT.GI see sipu. b) to divide: sarrum ummansu tesitam
i-le-et-te the king will divide his army into
le§u see lisu. nine parts YOS 10 31 v 30 (OB ext.); mires
letfi adj.; split; lex.*; cf. letu v. SE.GI.i sa GN ... ana sinisu le-te-e-ma miSla
gi.al.dar.ra = le-tu-u split reed Hh. VIII 264,
isakkui lirisa u miSla erresum lirisu divide
cf. [gi.sul.hi.al.dar.ra] = [l]e-tu-[u] ibid. 4b; the flax field of GN in two, let the is.
gis.gisinimar.al.dar.ra = le-tu-z split date sakku-farmers cultivate one half, and the
palm Hh. III 315. tenant farmers one half PBS 1/2 49:11 (MB
letf (lati) v.; 1. to split, to divide, 2. luttd let.).
to split into pieces, 3. IV to be divided; 2. lutti to split into pieces - a) in gen.:
OB, MB, SB; I *ilte - ilette - leti, II, IV; abne sadi i-la-at-ti-maupattdnerbeti I crushed
cf. letid adj., lutd. stones of the mountains and thus opened
da-ar DAR = le-tu-u Idu II 67, also Sb I 56, see passages VAB 4 174 ix 35 (Nbk.); Assur [mu-
MSL 5 192; [da-ar] [DAR] = le-tu-u A II/6 C 119; l]at-tu-i hur-sd-a-ni who splits the moun-
da-ar DAR - sa-la-tum, le-tu-4 Antagal III 19 .;
tains BA 5 595:31; ina mittisu la padi 4-lat-ti
ta-ar KUD = hepu, le-tu-u A III/5:150f.; ba-Ar
BAR = [l]e-[t]u-4 A I/6:247; [...].x = la-tu-u sd muhha with his merciless weapon he crushed
ma-ha-si, [... ]. di = MIN d x x, [...].x = [lu-ut- (her) head En. el. IV 130; muhasu 4i-lat-ti
t]u-u Ad KI.X, [... ] = MIN sd (up-pi Nabnitu Q 5ff. I split his (the lion's) head Streck Asb. 306:4;
dMu.bar.ra sdr.ra kur.kur.ra gal.gal.la [u]-lat-tu-u muhhasun they split their heads
mu.un.sii.il.si.il : dBIL.GI ez-zu mu-lit-ti Sadi
Bauer Asb. 2 72:4; see also RA 18 198:3 cited
zaqriti Firegod, raging one, who splits massive
mountains 4R 26 No. 3:37f. mng. la; summa amelu asiddsu lu-ut-ta-a
pe-e-su = le-tu-u Malku I 112. if a man's heels are split AMT 75 iv 19.
1. to split, to divide - a) to split: b) in a figurative sense: DN musahhip
isasisu qaqqaram i-le-te he (the bull) splits kullat la magiri mu-let-ti Saksi Assur who
the earth with his bellow Sumer 13 pi. 12:5, see scatters all the disobedient, who crushes the
ZA 53 216 (OB Gilg.); patru 9a qaqqada i- wicked Winckler Sammlung 2 1:7 (Sar., Charter
lat(var. -at)-tu-u (her third name is) "sword of Assur).
that splits heads" 4R Add. p. 10 to pl. 56 i 3
3. IV to be divided: if the fluid of the
(LamaStu inc.), var. from Weissbach Misc. pi. 15 No.
gall bladder divides in two alum ana sina
1, cf.the var. patru a qaqqada4-lat-tu-u RA 18
el-le-te the city will be cut into two (parts)
198:3; Summa martum isissa le-ti if the base
YOS 10 31 x 29 (OB ext.).
of the gall bladder is split YOS 10 31 iii 29, xii 7,
cf. umma re§ libbi le-ti ibid. 42 ii 38; DIS GABA letu (litu) s.; 1. cheek, 2. side (of a person,
ana mi-Aa-ri-i-Aa le-te-at (var. le-e-ti) if the of an object), nearby region, persons and
breastbone is split toward its .... YOS 10 assets for which one is responsible; from
48:9, var. from 47:71; umma bdb ekallim ana OA, OB on; dual ledt, pi. lIttu; wr. syll.
nirim le-ti-ma if the "gate of the palace" is and TE.
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letu letu
te-e TE = le-e-tum A VIIT/1:193; te = le-[e-tu] 35:48; he has made me sit in a corner and
Sa Voc. X 7'; te - le-e-tum izi E 99, cf. Proto-Izi V kima lellatim ina qdtija le-ti-i[a] ustasbitanni
110; uzu.to = le-e-tum (var. li-i-tum) Hh. XV 34;
u.te.ra.ra = ma-ha-s[u d TE] Nabnitu XXI 4; made me hold my cheeks like a demented
ui-nu TE.UNU = [le-t]u Idu TI 99; [ur] [UR] = le-e-[tu] woman ARM 10 74:20; (tears) ina le-te-ia ul
A VII/2:140. iriqa LKA 142:26; summa amelu misitti TE
te.bi nu.ub.ra.ah : le-e[s-su ul imhas] irsi if a man has paralysis on the side of
Ai. VII iii 17; ki.sikil ... bad.ur.ta ba.sub :
his face AMT 79,1:6, also 76,5:4 and 9; Ser'dn
ardatu ... ina le-et dfiri ittandi the woman was
thrown off the wall ZA 29 198:8f.; te lu.tu.ra.s TE 15-9 MIN (= zi.zi) (if) the veins on his
ra.ra.da.mu.de : le-et marsi (var. marsa) ina right cheek pulsate AMT 61,8:5f.; insu le-su
nmaddija when I strike the cheek of the sick person sapassu AMT 21,3:5; le-es-su sabit CT 38
CT 16 5:189f.; [lu.dilm.ma mu.un.da.la 21:14, cf. le-ti-4 hjatim ibid. 13; summa
[te.mu] mu.na.ab.ha.za : rnma mat[dlcu] le-ti
u-ka[i-si(?)] stupid as I am, I offer my cheek to her
TE-su sa 15 arqat if his right cheek is pale
(my mother or: my sister) Lambert BWL 236 ii 7, STT 89:120, and (with the left) ibid. 124; if a
Sum. restored from Gordon Sumerian Proverbs scorpion stings him ina TE-s ja 15 CT 40
1.143; te m[u.ra].an.sig.ge : le-s i-mah-as 27 Rm. 98:13', cf. if a man kills a snake and
CBS 1590 ii 7 (= Dumuzi's Dream 61).
TE-[4 isuq] [it bites?] his cheek KAR 383
su-ul-hu-u = lit-ti du-u-ri (var. lit du-ri) Malku
I 240. (p. 340): 8f. (SB Alu), and passim in such omens;
IGI GUB-Si ulu TE GiB-8s issima (if) he
1. cheek - a) of a human being - 1' in bruises his left eye or his left cheek CT 40
gen.: if a mole ina le-ti-u Sa ZAG/GUB GAR 35:8, cf. TE.MES-si takdr CT 23 36:54; am=
is on his right/left cheek (followed by Japlan mni ak-la le-ta-ka Gilg. X iii 2, cf. [la
appi and usukku) YOS 10 54:17f. (OB), cf. akla] le-ta-a-a ibid. 9; said of gods: (Ner-
summa ina TE ZAG/GJB GAR CT 28 25:24f.; gal) kima birqi ittanabriq le-ta-su RA 41
if he has cat lips this means aptasu ina 39:12, cf. kima birqi ittanabriq TE-a-4
muEhi TE.MES-£4i eldni his lips go high up his ibid. 10, see Ebeling Handerhebung p. 118; teh
cheeks CT 28 41 81-2-4,199:11, cf. TE.MES-sic TE.MEE-kaC belu .sit kakkabbni [...] KAR
arkdma ibid. 21 (all physiogn.); if a woman 102:20; note, referring to a constellation:
gives birth uzun 15/150-s~ ina TE-4i tehdt summa MUL.SiB.ZI.AN.NA le-et-su MI if
Leichty Izbu III 11f., also uzndsu ina TE-si Orion's cheek is dark BM 38301:5 (astrol.).
GAR.MES ibid. 13, cf. (said of an izbu) uznasu
ana TE-iS tehd ibid. XI 69', cf. also, wr. ina 2' with mahasu to slap a person: see
le-ti-si ibid. IX 24f.; [kima tid] kale TE-sa
Ai., CBS 1590, in lex. section; mah-sa le-es-
arqat her (Lamastu's) cheek is as yellow
sa usha liSdna Tallqvist Maqlu pl. 96:11, and
as kald-clay 4R 58 i 38 (Lamastu II), see ZA 16
see mahdsu.
170; paniLLV le-ta za-q[in] (he has) a human 3' with nadi to incline the head - a" as
face, with bearded cheek MIO 1 76 r. iv 52, a gesture of listening, of paying close atten-
cf. panid LU le-ta akin ibid. 76 r. v 15, and tion: in broken context: le-tam addi RA 45
passim, pani Lj le-t[a z]u-'-un-tum ibid. 66 176:117 (OB lit.); idi let-ka suhhira ki[sddka]
i 41'; ul ,drtum ina le-ti-ka is there no pay attention, turn your neck toward me ZA
beard on your cheek? ARM 1 61:11, 73:44, 61 58:188 and 190, cf. TE-SU iddd iskuna salis
108:7, 113:8, cf. le-et etli Lambert-Millard Atra- mu BA 5 386:10; the balance of the Arameans
hasis 62 I 274; qaqqassu uharrar TE.MES-s .a eli RN u RN, TE-su-nu iddima who had
ugallab he dishevels the hair of his head, listened to Merodachbaladan and to Sutruk-
shaves his cheeks CT 38 34:21, and passim in Nahhunte Lie Sar. 333; anasipirtijala taddd
this text (namburbi), cf. le-ti-iate ma.ra.ab. le-et-ka you have paid no attention to my
Bur.hur.re I will scratch my cheeks (in written message Borger Esarh. 104 i 31; le-e-su
mourning) Alster Dumuzi's Dream 69; 9umma ul iddd libbus ul i sus no (king) had paid
amelu Sdrat TE.MES-d ... iahhuh if the attention to (it) nor given (the construction
beard on a man's cheeks thins out CT 23 of the old palace) any thought OIP 2 104 v
149
oi.uchicago.edu
letu letu
46 and 95:68 (Senn.); ul inandi elisu TE-SU if the right side of the lamb's head is black
(the judge, having taken a present) pays no YOS 10 47:20 (OB behavior of sacrificial lamb);
attention to his (case) Iraq 27 5 ii 8, cf. ibid. 21 a six-year-old black donkey §a ultu uznu le-
(SB lit.); mimma ana nade le-e-tum ina libbi ti-au batqu whose cheek is cut off below the
nitepsu ine ni'attaru u le-e-tum nittad we ear Dar. 550:2, cf. (a sheep) Aa le-e-ti sendeti
did everything to pay attention to it, we whose cheek is branded YOS 7 118:1 (both NB);
opened (our) eyes wide and cocked (our) appasu ina TE 15/150-si GAR its (the anom-
heads YOS 6 232:21f., also AnOr 8 30:18f., aly's) snout is on the right/left side of its
also mimma le-e-ti ina libbi niddu TCL 13 head Leichty Izbu XII 3f., cf. le-et-su sa
177:11 (all NB); note in NB personal names: <15/150> pani nesi saknat ibid. VII 63'f.;
dAG-TE-ka-i-da-' O-Nabu-Heed-Me 1882-9- (a snake-headed demon) apparritu ina TE-
18,210a r. 1, also t Le-et-ka-i-di-i BM 30254:1, ti-su sakin MIO 1 78 v 37; note with nadi:
wr. TE-ka-i-di-i ibid. 2 and 5. summa alpu zI-ma TE-SU ana 15/150-ssi SUB
if the bull gets up and lowers his cheek to
b" as a gesture of lassitude, in OB and NB
the right/left STT 73:124f., see Reiner, JNES
letters: le-ti-su la in-na-ad-di he must not be
19 35; (referring to sheep?) le-ta-ti-su-nu sa
careless Tell Asmar 1931 T 299 edge (OB let.);
gabbe KAJ 192:6 (MA).
ammeni le-et-ku-nu taddd why have you been
careless? BIN 1 61:4, cf. atta lit-ka ana muhhi
2. side (of a person, of an object), nearby
la tanandi YOS 3 142:28, u atta TE-ka lapas
region, persons and assets for which one is
nija taddi UET 4 185:14, minamma le-et-ka
responsible - a) side (of a person, of an
la-pa-nidullu ... nadatta Thompson Catalogue
object) - 1' immediate surroundings of a
pl. 2 C 3:7f. and 15f; le-et-su [...] (in
person: NINDA.KASKAL-sU sa adi le-tu-u-a
broken context) TCL 9 123:16 (all NB).
epus provide him with travel provisions
c" in non-idiomatic use: kima maqit diri which (are sufficient for him) to reach me
le-es-su ana kutallisu aj iddi may he (the BE 17 84:18, cf. ina le-tu-i-a jdnu ibid. 87:14;
child to be born) not turn his head around, ana GN ana le-et PN ittatlaku they have
like someone who has fallen from a wall departed for GN to be with PN BE 17 58:5;
Kocher BAM 248 iii 45. 2 il<tuh>hu ana le-ti belija ultebila (copy: il-
li-bi-la) BE 17 38:17, cf. ana le-ti belija
4' with terd: adi ... aterru TE-su anettipu
ileqqd ibid. 14; tibna [ina] li-it PN muhur
liSanSu until I smite his cheek, pull out his accept the straw from PN PBS 1/2 34:13 (all
tongue KAR 71 r. 4.
MB letters); now, my lord uqna istu le-et
5' with qadddu to incline, as sign of mourn- mamma libdmma should obtain lapis lazuli
ing or weakness: ana panija PN u PN2 from somebody (and send it to the king)
ibakkia u le-ta-Si-na qudduda PN and PN2 MRS 9 224 RS 17.422:19; the king of Ugarit
cried before me, their cheeks fallen (and they istu le-et PN ana x kaspi iptatarSu has
said) TCL 18 123:6 (OB let.); note describing redeemed him from PN for x silver MRS 9 165
the igiri-bird: qad-da le-ta-a-s4 quddudu RS 17.108:6; minumme merilta sa belija itu
panid[u] fallen its cheeks, fallen its face le-et ardisu and whatever request my lord
KAR 125:17 and r. 11, wr. TE.MES-8s STT (may ask) from his servant (I will give to my
341:4. lord) Ugaritica 5 No. 38:15, cf. istu le-et Sarri
ibid. No. 46:7; ul illak ahatu ana le-et ahatisa
6' with maddu: see CT 16 5:189f., in lex.
one sister cannot go to visit the other AMT
section; umma [l]e-te- umad7ad if he
10,1 r. 19; ana le-et Utnapistim ... urha
massages his cheeks (when speaking, also
sabtdkuma I am traveling to be with PN
ulappat, umarrat) AfO 11 223:39ff. (physiogn.).
Gilg. IX i 6; ana le-et sdbit ul aksudamma
b) cheek, side of the head of an animal: Gilg. X v 30, restored from CT 46 32; ana le-et
,umma immerum le-es-st-4 da imittim tarkat kaMdpija ... DN ispuranni Asalluhi has
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letu le'I
sent me to the one who has bewitched me AbB 4 166:9; aSSum kasap zagmukki Sa
Maqlu I 62. li-tum KI.TA TCL 17 70:6 (all OB); inanna itu
2' side of an object, of a topographical le-e-ti-Su ala ana PN attadin now I have
feature: ana le-et du-i-[ri] (in broken con- given the village to PN from his (PN2 's) region
text) KUB 37 64a: 21, and see ZA 29 198:9, Malku HSS 9 1:5; a village ina le-et URU.KI Sa ...
I 240, in lex. section; elenum alim ina le-et JCS 6 144:18 (MB from Telmun).
alim upstream from the city, at the edge of c) persons and assets for which one is
the city Iraq 25 184:33 (OB lit.); a house ana responsible: ana UGULA.ME§ MA.i.DUB sa li-
le-et du-ri isbatu (opposite: ana ribitim) ti-ka Supur give the word to the overseers of
TIM 5 16:8, cf. ina le-et du-ri-im Sumer 23 the granary-boats for which you are re-
pl. 10:46, note (a field) [l]e-et bitqim ea PN sponsible (that they should come to Babylon)
LB 3232:5 (courtesy K. R. Veenhof) (all OB); LIH 40:4; 240 soldiers NiG.SU PN Sa li-tim sa
I placed RN and his men in neckstocks qdtika under PN of the contingent which is
ina le-et abullija arkussuniti and tied them under you LIH 23:6; let them bring re dm
to the side of my gate Borger Esarh. 54 iv Sa bit lamas [Sa] li-ti-ka the shepherd of the
31, cf. 111 § 72 r. 11; ina TE riksi [taSakkan] Samar temple who is under your authority
BMS 30r. 26, cf. inaTE T.GIS.SAR AMT 15,3:8; LIH 39:8, cf. ildtim sa GN sa li-ti-ka LIH
houses [ina le]-et girri along the road JEN 45:5, 8 EREN Sa li-ti-ka ibid. 42:26, cf. also
284:7, ina le-et nahli RA 23 154 No. 47:9, 15:6; GUD.HI.A U vU.UDU.HI.A Sa li-ti-ka piqid
ina le-et atappi HSS 9 109:6, ina le-et misri LIH 15:14; (distribution of commodities)
JEN 493:3, ina le-et ka-le-e JEN 530:2, ina
le-et eqli HSS 19 41:5, ina le-et magratti
SA li-tum PN abi sdbim CT 45 48:4, 9, 11, also
54:13, 61:20; altogether x men i-na li-it PN
JEN 145:9, and passim in Nuzi, note ina le-e-et BE 14 166:23 (MB); with the connotation of
bitati JEN 39:5. assets: 13 GfN kaspam ana le-e-ti-im niSqul
3' as designation of a part of the exta: TCL 14 53 r. 7'; a-li-ti-a ula itahhi CCT 3
ina maskan le-et imittim 2 kakkut aknuma 7a:26; 2 GIN i-li-ti-su ana PN ICK 1 4:15,
on the open space of the right "side" there cf. ibid. 18, also BIN 4 145:1 (all OA).
are two "weapon-signs" JCS 11 104 No. 22:10 In TCL 6 17:7, and passim, read MULx(AB), see
(MB report); summa let 15 u let 150 GAR.MES Neugebauer and Sachs, JCS 21 200.
Ad mng. 2c: Hirsch, ZA 58 332.
TCL 6 5:11 and r. 5; summa maskan le-et
sumeli KI.TA KAR if the open space of the letu see litu.
lower left "side" is atrophied KAR 428r. 11, cf.
obv. 13, also Boissier Choix 71:5; Summa qabal
letfi (lut() adj.(?); split (reed); lex.*
paddni pasta u let 15 GAR-at if the middle gi.zu, gi.zu.ra.ah = le-u-ei, gi.zu.nig.z6.
ra.ah = MIN, markasu Hh. IX 177ff.; gi.zu =
section of the "path" is indistinct and has U,;-u-S4 = lu-du- Hg. II 52a, in MSL 7 70; [...]
a right "side" KAR 423 r. ii 38, also CT 20 15 = lu-fu-u(var. -i) (between ki.sru ,a qan and big:
ii 26; summa ina imitti/fumel haSi.itta le-ta-a- bi5u 9a libbi qani) Malku II 82.
tum GAR.MES if there are two "sides" on the
le'i (le'du) v.; 1. to be able (to do some-
right/left lung CT 31 37 K.4088:7f., cf., wr.
thing), to be an expert, to master, to under-
2 let.[MES] CT 20 14 i 2; let 15 u let 150 patra
stand something, 2. to win (in a legal case),
CT 30 11 K.6785:13.
to overpower someone, 3. 1/2 (negated) to
b) nearby region: the carpenter PN from be lost, powerless, 4. III to enable someone;
among the craftsmen NiG.U PN li-tum from OAkk. on; I ile'i/e - il'i/e (also ili) -
KI.TA under PN2 , "lower lItu" Kraus AbB 1 le'i, 1/2, III, note e-li for present (UCP 9
58:10, cf. trustworthy persons ana vU.UDU. 347 No. 21:25); wr. syll. and zu, (in per-
I.A a li-tim KI.TA Jubqumim to have the sonal names) A.GAL, DA; Cf. le'£S, l'S
sheep of the "lower lItu" plucked OECT 3 in la le'is, le', le'' in la le'4, le'tu, litu,
8:5, TCL 17 63:7, sdbam sa li-tim KI.TA Kraus mal' tu, tele'u.
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le'i la le'f la
a.gal = le-e-u = (Hitt.) wa-al-kis-sa-ra-as, a.gal you with regard to the amount of five minas
= le-'-u = (Hitt.) wa-al-kis-sa-ra-as, a.g l = le-e-du
of silver CCT 4 26b:10; ina Alim AsSur
=(Hitt.) SAL-za wa-al-kis-sa-ra-as Izi Bogh. A
14-16; a.ma.al = a.g]a = [le-']- , [...] Emesal magaram ula ta-le-e are you not able to
Voc. III 97f.; [di-ri] SI.A = le-'-u Proto-Diri 24, please Assur (while being) in the City?
cf. Diri I 43; zu-u zu = le-'-u, i-du-u, la-ma-du TCL 4 5:12; abnam ana pisu mahasam la
Sb I 220a-222. a-le-i I cannot hit him on his mouth with a
da DA = le-e-'u 5 -um MSL 2 143:13 (Proto-Ea);
da = le-e-i, mu.da = e-le-i, e.da = te-le-i, an.da
stone CCT 4 7b:25; PN tarddam la il5-e-u-ni
= i-le-i NBGT I 399-402, cf. OBGT III 5-11; they could not send PN here TCL 19 32:25.
me.da = ni-le-i NBGT II 193, e.da = te-le-[i]
ibid. 204; ru KAx = le-a-a-um, mu-du-u Haupt 2' in OB: umma seam ridbam la i-le-i if
Die Akkadische Sprache pl. 10: 17f.
A[nu.un.d]a.an.ku.e a nu.un.da.an.nag.
he is not able to return the barley CH § 54:22,
cf. SeSsiS inaddin summa pshassu apalam la
[e] : akal[a] akala ul i-le-'-i me ata ul i-le-['-i] he
is unable to eat bread, unable to drink water i-le-i imat he will give sixfold, if he is not
CT 17 31:25f.; [ki.b]i ir.ra.bi nu.un.zu able to pay this obligation of his, he dies
[ki.bi ir.r]a.[b]i nu.un.ga.ga.bi [kaskal Kraus Edikt § 5':44, cf. CH § 256:98; kima ...
ir.ra.b]i nu.un.zu [kaskal ir.ra.bi] nu.un.
a.
g g a.b i : agar iMallu ul idi alar idsallu amaru ul
DUH.A.UD.DU ana SA.GAL GUD.HI.A samadam
la e-le-u a[q]biku[m] I told you that I
a-le-e harrdnu igaall ul idi harranu iallui amdru
ul a-le-e I do not know the place they were carried cannot prepare the dry bran for feeding
to, I cannot see the place they were carried to, the cattle JCS 14 56:5 (= Kraus AbB 1 118);
I do not know the road they were carried on, I gimillaka turram e-le I will be able to re-
cannot see the road they were carried on BRM 4
9:25-28, cf. ibid. 44; nagar hl.kin.gi 4 .a ab. turn your favor UCP 9 347 No. 21:25; ana
sag.g[a] (var. ab.sig) di.di(var. .da) : namgaru anniatim kima bitum annum libbam gams
Aa gipra dummuqa iqabbu (var. i-le-e-u) the car- ram ittika itawwd u zikir sumika irammu su-
penter who is capable of doing a good job Lugale i-tic-ba-si-na te-le-i as to these (problems),
XII 43; [...] bi.in.sar : umma te-le-'-e taltatar
since this house talks to you with an open
if you can write (you are a scribe) BSOAS 20
264:9 (bil. e.dub.ba text); mu.suh.a.mu heart and likes the mention of your name,
gala.e.ne [x?] nu.mu.un.da.an.pad.da.e. you are able to please them Bagh. Mitt. 2 59
ne : ana sumi nasqa kale [x?] petd ul i-le-'-z SBH iv 25 (OB royal let.); assum Sa ... ina qdt LTj.
p. 109 r. 75f. ka-tu-.MES eteqam la te-le-a-ma taspuranim
1. to be able (to do something), to be an summa tattatlama ana res eqlisunu eteqam te-
expert, to master, to understand something el-te-a <te te> etqa summa la tetetqa ... terras
- a) with inf. object - 1' in OA: gumma nimma as to what you (pl.) wrote me
pazzurgunu ta-le-a pazziragunu Summa pazs (namely) that you cannot get away from the
zurgunu la ta-le-a ana ekallim eliasunuma hands of (your) guarantors: if you .... and
e[kallum] nishatisunuli[lqg]ma if you are able are able to get away before their departure,
to smuggle them (the garments) through, get away, if you do not get away, return (the
smuggle them, if you cannot smuggle them, cargo boats and their crew to Sippar) TIM 2
bring them up to the palace so that the 101:8 and 12; apdlam te-le-i TLB 4 38:29, cf.
palace may take the taxes for them KT Hahn apdlam ul te-le-i ibid. 52:40, apalsunu ul e-li
13:6 and 8; kima tuppaknu la illikanni 2 ilme ARM 10 57:13; note a-pa-li-iaul te-le-i TLB 4
panimma ta-ba-am (text ba-ta-am) ula i-le-e 37:13, also VAS 16 103:23; andku sanqdkuma
since your tablet did not come (with PN), alakam ul e-le-i I myself am busy and (there-
could he not depart two days earlier? CCT 2 fore) cannot come Sumer 14 68 No. 42:9 (Har-
42:9; ahi atta gimlanni gamalka a-le-e you mal), cf. anaku Sipram useppes [a]ldkam ul
are my brother, do me a favor, (eventually) e-le-e-em ARM 3 8:29, pagri nadi [ald]kam ul
I will be able to do you a favor CCT 4 42b: 16, e-le-i I am very weak, so I cannot go
cf. TCL 14 20:17, CCT 4 33a:19, 41b:15, CCT 3 UCP 9 338 No. 14:16 (OB let.), aldkam la i-le-
11:26, and passim in OA, cf. also mala kaspim 5 hu-u ARM 6 55:6; ilkum esrannimanaparkdm
MA.NA gamdlika ula al-te-e I could not oblige ul e-le-i the ilku-obligation presses me hard,
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le'f la le'f la
I cannot get away TCL 1 43:9; inima lulli travel to GN EA 137:27, cf. PN istib ana
kamman awdt nakrim saknama aldkam ul e-le nakri alaki ul i-el-'i PN had become old, he
when I would have liked to come, hostile was unable to go against the enemy KUB 3
actions were undertaken so that I was not 14:17 (let.); note with ana: GN la i-li-u-nim
able to come TCL 18 150:21, cf. ibid. 152:18; ana sabat they were not able to conquer GN
sibussu e<pe>Sam ul e-le-i I am not in a EA 149:66; summa kaspu sa mari GN itti
position to grant his wish Kraus AbB 1 48:16, (var. eli) mdri GN 2 u ana Sullumigu la i-le-
cf. awatam qabam ul e-le-a ibid. 132:6, i4(var. -e) if there is silver of the people of
awilam ... kaldm ul te-le-i TIM 2 16:15, Ura (charged) against the people of Ugarit
and passim; mimma sa tasapparuannikiam and they are not able to pay it back in full
qibitka sa-me-am e-le-i whatever you write, MRS 9 104 RS 17.130:27 (let. from Bogh.).
I am able to obey your order here Sumer 14
4' in MA: summa ... ba'ura la i-la-'-c la
42 No. 19:14 (Harmal); inanna andku sehreku
uba'er if he is not able to prove it (and) does
u wu'uram ul e-le-i now, am I still a child
not prove (it) KAV 1 ii 76 (Ass. Code § 18), cf.
and incapable of giving orders? ARM 1 108:13;
ibid. 88 (§ 19), and dupl. AfO 12 53 N: 8.
ina qdt karsi [pa]gri mahar belija ullumam ul
e-le-i I am not able to restore my integrity 5' in lit.: Marduk ina qabri bulluta i-le-'i
before my lord on account of the calumnies Marduk can bring back to life from the grave
ARM 2 55:25, cf. ubbub sdbim ul te-le-i ARM 1 Lambert BWL 58:35 (Ludlul IV), cf. AfO 19 60: 182,
42:18; [n]ikka[ssi] epesam ul i-li-i they 184 (prayer to Marduk), also asdkuma bullu=
were unable to make the accounting ARM 1 ta a-le-'-i Or. NS 36 120:79; IStar ina pugqi
74:12; ndrum malima eberam ul i-le the iszuba i-le-'-i Istar can save from distress
river was high so (the troops) could not cross AfO 19 51:73 (prayer to Istar); ensam ana danni
it ARM 4 23:15, cf. kima eberam ul il-ui te-le-'-i turra[m] you are able to turn a weak
ARM 2 30:9; sdbu GN ... eperi kasddam ul person into a strong one Ebeling Handerhebung
i-le-hu-u the people of GN are not able to 128:11, cf. te-le-'-e Marduk mutnennd e-te-
finish (moving) the earth CT 29 17:10, cf. na (for etera) you are able, 0 Marduk, to save
waradam ul i-le-hi-ma ittadiassu he could not the one who prays (to you) Iranica Antiqua 2
go down (to the field) and so he gave it up 158 No. 14:1 (MB bronze object); te-le-'i alam:
OECT 3 41:8. dimme UL(?) ana damiqti i-tu-ru (for turru)
you are able to turn the evil physiognomic
3' in EA, Bogh.: ul ti-le-u-na laqdja istu (portents) into favorable ones STT 71:20, see
qdt PN are you not able to take me out of W. G. Lambert, RA 53 135; asjsiuma iktabit
the hands of PN? EA 82:6, cf. EA 79:39 (both elija unilsuma nuggagu ul el-ti-'i I tried to lift
letters of Rib-Addi), cf. panfja ana alaki ana it but it became too heavy for me, I tried to
amdri pani sarri belija u la i-li-e <...> istu move it but I could not budge it Gilg. P. i 9
qdti PN I want to go to see the face of the (OB), cf. afzsuma ddn elija ultablakkissuma
king, my lord, but I cannot (escape) from ul e-le-'-i-a nissu Gilg. I v 30, cf. ibid. 44; kab:
the hand of PN EA 151:10; u anummainanna tat qdssu ul a-le-'-i (vars. a-le-'i, e-le-e) nasdsa
sihtat GN adi abullisi ahdtsi i-le-i u sabdtsi la Lambert BWL 48:1 (Ludlul III); alassum ul
i-le-u behold, GN is now hard pressed even e-le-i k[agfssa] I run but I cannot catch up
to its gate; they can press it, but they will with her JCS 15 8:4; Sa tuwa'iranniIunndm
not be able to conquer it EA 106:12f. (let. of dabdbam qabam u turram ula e-le-i I cannot
Rib-Addi); la a-la-'-e // muSera harrdna ana repeat (what was) said (lit. to repeat to
Sarri belija ... u la i-le-'-e ezdbi §a mdtdt speak) nor go back on my word (lit. to say
Urusalim I cannot send a caravan to the and to turn back) in respect to the order
king, my lord, and I(!) cannot abandon the you gave me Iraq 25 184:32 (both OB lit.);
lands of Jerusalem EA 287:58ff.; andku la uSemmit kappija itapruda ul a-le-'i he
e-la-i-mi(!) i-ri-ba ana GN I am not able to plucked my pinions, I cannot fly (any
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more) PBS 1/1 14:9 (SB inc.); Sada tanassi atallukamla i-le-'i he cannot walk AMT 68,1
[x]-x Suqallula ul ta-le-'-i you lift a mountain, r. 12, wr. NU ZU AMT 79,1:11, and passim.
but you cannot balance a [... ] Lambert BWL
7' in personal names: DA-bul-lut-Marduk
253:11 (bil. proverb, Sum. broken); aspurma
Nbk. 357:10, wr. A.GAL-TI.LA-dASAR.RI VAS 5
Anu ul i-le-'-i (vars. i-le-'-a, i-le-'-im) mahar=
101:4, amas-i-le-'i-bu-ul-ta Peiser Urkunden
Sa I have sent Anu, but he cannot withstand
118:9 (MB), cf. Nabi-bul-ta-i-le-e Dar. 265:34,
her (Tiamat) En. el. III 53, cf. qitrub tahazi
Nabiu-u-zu-bu-DA Camb. 223:5, cf. DN-su-
nakri elisun idninma ul i-le-'-u maharu
zu-bu-i-le-'-i Craig AAT 44 r. 10, also (ab-
OIP 2 50:22 (Senn.); [sit]e'd mudata tisbura te-
breviated?) I-le-'-dEN Nbn. 437:2, cf. fl-e-
le-'i you are clever in stratagems, you know
DN (OAkk.), see MAD 3 158, in NB wr. DA-
(how) to speak volubly En. el. III 5; PN misits
Marduk Nbn. 603:3, cf. Dar. 331:2.
turn im(i)sissuma pZsu sabitma atma la le-'i
he (the king of Elam) suffered a stroke, his b) with other objects: aluzin mind te-le-'-i
mouth was obstructed and he was not able to "0 aluzinnu, what (crafts) do you master?"
speak OIP 2 161:21 (Senn.); note nita lam TuL p. 17:17, and passim in this text, cf. lasdma
naparSudis la le-'-e(var. -a) they were closely u kalama a-le-'-i ibid. 16:16 (SB lit.); 1 LT
surrounded, unable to escape En. el. IV 110; mdrim taklam sa madrtam i-le-4 one capable
ga-bit pitqiSunu a-le-'-e andku I am capable fattener, who knows the (art of) fattening
of undertaking the casting of them (the cattle ARM 5 46:9, but 1 LUf madrm taklam
bronze objects) OIP 2 141 r. 4 (Senn.); la sa(!) immerdtim u issurdtim sukulam i-le'-4
i-le-'-a apila Iraq 27 6 iv 14 (SB lit.); summa ibid. 17f.; ina annidtim sa adabbu[bu] andku
amelu qdt etemmi isbassuma dsipu nasahsu la mimma ul e-l[e-i] in these affairs which I
i-le-'-4 if the "hand of the ghost" seizes a talked about I am not able to do anything
man and the conjurer is not able to expel it ARM 1 2:10.
AMT 95,2 ii 8, also KAR 184:19, but, wr. NU
c) with a finite verb: go ahead with your
zU-u Kocher BAM 9:55; qarrdddkumait-pu-si
work le-'-e-ma massartasa ramanika i-sur-ri
e-le-'-[i1 I (Gula) am valiant, I can ....
see that you are able to keep your own watch
Or. NS 36 122:101, erroneously adapted from
YOS 3 144:13 (NB let.); Summa awilum ina
(Ea) Sutur uzna itpeSu te-le-e(var. -u) (see
naplusiSu iniu zaq4pam u-GAL-la-al-ma la
tele'u) of exceeding understanding, wise,
i-le-i if a man looks but cannot focus(?) his
expert En. el. I 59.
eyes (even) when he tries hard(?) AfO 18 65 ii
16 (OB physiogn.); Sunu i-la-'-i ikabbusu (ob-
6' in med.: if a child teba u uzuzza la
scure, see kabdsu mng. 3d) ABL 531 r. 15 (NA);
i-le-'-e akala akala la i-le-'-e pusu subbutma
see also [...] bi.in.sar : summa te-le-'-e
dababa la i-le-'-e cannot rise and stand up,
tastatar BSOAS 20 264:9, in lex. section.
nor can it eat solid food, (if) its mouth is
obstructed so that it cannot speak Labat TDP d) in subordinate clauses - 1' with mala
220:21-23, cf. dababa la i-l[e-i] KUB 4 56 ii 6, (OA only): ana mala ta-le-a-ni kaspam Sa
teb4 NU zu-e Dream-book 329:24; summa luqutim emdaSuma impose upon him as high
esensersu qaninma tarasaNU zu-e if his back- a price for the merchandise as you possibly
bone is curved so that he cannot straighten can KTS 21b:12, cf. mala ta-le-e-a-ni kaspam
out Labat TDP 106:33; summa qdssu ... ana ... saddinaSu ICK 1 13:14, also CCT 3 11:17,
pisu turra NU zu-e if he cannot lift his hand cf. also mala ta-le-e-u-ni di[,iu]ma CCT 5
to his mouth Labat TDP 90:7f.; dindtisu 2a:27; supurma anniki mala ta-le-e-4 luseri
tabdka Nv zu-e he cannot urinate Labat TDP biinim send a message so that they may
124:20, also 78:70, cf. dumma amelu ~indtidu bring to me as much of my tin as possible
uttanattak kald la i-la-'i if a man dribbles BIN 4 2:13; lu ana tamkartim lu ana mala
urine constantly (and) is not able to hold it ta-le-e-4 dinkuma kaspam ana Alim BakSidi
K6cher BAM 111 ii 22, wr. NU ZU AMT 95,3 i 10; sell it either on commission or in any other
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le'f le le'i 2a
way possible, and get the silver to me in the 2. to win (in a legal case), to overpower
City KTS 22b:9, cf. ammala i-le-e-u liddimma someone - a) to win in a legal case against
RA 59 165 MAH 19612:18; hurdsam ... <su>- (ace.) someone: six shekels of silver sa PN
up-ra(copy SA)-am-ma tuppaka lasbatma i-di-nim ta-al-e-u which you won in the
mala a-le-e-t lalqma write to me (how lawsuit from PN VAT 9218:28 (OA); con-
much) gold so that I can take your tablet cerning the field that PN, PN2 and PN 3
and get as much as possible CCT 4 9a:8; claimed from PN4, their sister, in a lawsuit
ammala ta-le-e-u awdtija gumur as far as ina dinim i-le-i-ju-nu-ti-ma eqlam u SE.BA
possible, bring my affairs to a conclusion PN, ittabal she won the lawsuit against them
Kienast ATHE 30:7, cf. TCL 19 57:33, cf. mala and PN4 took over the field and the income
ta-le-e-a-ni awiti butqa KT Hahn 15:23, and CT 8 42a: 8, cf. ina dinim i-le-z4-u-nu-ti (<i-le-
passim; mala ta-le-e-u isti awilim namgir i-4-su-nu-ti> Gautier Dilbat 30:12f.; ahum eli
BIN 4 16:16, also ICK 1 55:10. ahi ula i-le-i the one will not win against the
other Waterman Bus. Doc. 68:11 (all OB); PN
2' with kima, ki: ammakam kima ta-le-e-u anadajani Babilim utahhindtimail-ti-hu-na-ti
annakam leqma kima awilitika epusma get PN brought us before the judges of Babylon
hold of the tin there as best you can and and they won the case against us VAS 16
act in a gentlemanly way TCL 20 92:26; 12:7 (OB let.); bel immerim bel awatisu ina
kima ta-le-e-u mithasmasumka sukunma fight dinim i-le-i-[ ]u the owner of the sheep will
as you can and establish your name KTS win against his opponent in the legal case
24:15; awdtim kima ta-le-a-ni gumr[a] bring Ys 10 33 ii 7 (OB ext.), also fil-le-'i KAR
the affairs to a conclusion in any way possible 382:15 (SB Alu); mahar 22 sibiitu dinsunu ina
BIN 4 220:9 (all OA); annikiam kima e-le-t kirl amas paris PN ina dinim le-e-i their
lipus I will act here as (best) I can TCL 17 case was decided before 22 witnesses in the
19:29, cf. atta kima te-le-i epus VAS 16 4:16 Garden of Samas: PN is the winner in the
(both OB letters); arru ki i-la-'i-4-ni iltana's case MDP 23 325:27, cf. PN le-i MDP 22
alsu the king will interrogate him as (thor- 162:29, and passim in Elam, cf. also sibi ul ub:
oughly as) he wishes KAV 1 vii 20 (Ass. Code balamma le-a-ku if he does not bring witness-
§ 47); ki ja te-le-'-[i] suprassu PBS 1/2 21:22 es I will be the winner (in the case) MDP 23
(MB let.), cf. ki sa a-le-'-u-' eppus ABL 402 r. 319:2; PN ... itti PN2 dina isbatma u PN2 ina
6 (NB); ki sa ahheja i-le-'-u lusakkitu may dinim PN il-te-e-su-ma PN started a legal
my brothers silence (him) in any way CT 22 case against PN2 but then PN2 won the case
155:14 (NB let.); note, wr. ki il-'-i ABL against PN Wiseman Alalakh 13:10 (MB), cf.
1241:13; Sarru ... aki sa i-le-'-u lipus the pi tuppi [...] PN PN2 il-te-'e ibid. 57:26;
king may now act according to his discretion PN PN2 istu dini il-te-e-,u u Sarru x kaspa
ABL 336 r. 17, cf. ABL 717 r. 5 (all NB), aki sa mulld ana muhhi PN2 iltakan PN won the
i-la-u-ni lipus ABL 347 r. 3, 732 r. 7 (both NA), lawsuit against PN2 and the king imposed a
and passim in the closing formula of NA and NB fine of x silver on PN2 MRS 9 178 RS 17.110:5;
letters in ABL, also kci sa ilni asarri i-la-'- u il-te-e PN ina dini ana pi sbiitiSu PN won
u-ni lipusu ABL 1203:9 (NA); RN ki e-le-'u- the lawsuit on the basis of the deposition of
ma itti GN nakir RN may, if he wishes, be at his witnesses MRS 6 72 RS 16.356:7; sa iragp
war with Hatti KBo 1 5 ii 1 and 15. gum tuppu anni i-le-'-e-u against him who
contests, this tablet will prevail MRS 9 179
e) without an object: [summ]a ta-le-e-zu RS 17.128:17, also MRS 12 35 r. 5, and passim in
epus do so if possible (lit. if you can) BIN 6 this formula in RS, cf. Aumma ina arkli umi
51: 19, cf. ibid. 66:32, also summa ta-le-e-a-ni tuppa kanka sa 3 bitdti anndti ul tuppu
ICK 1 63:18; Summa al-te-e 1 GiN kaspam annu i-le-'-e-su MRS 9 169 RS 17.337:20,
ammala nadpartika alaqqe ICK 1 183:22 (all cf. also MRS 9 106 RS 17.229:7'; summa dina
OA). mimma inammu addum mdrat PN u tuppu
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le'If 2b le'u
anni i-la-e-Su MRS 9 136 RS 16.270:43; PN ina pirdatim la al-te-e you are my brother -
ina dini il-te-e-ma dajani PN 2 ana 1 alpi ana I am powerless because of anxiety BIN 6
PN ittadii PN won the case and the judges 23:24; missu sa umma attima ula al-te-e
condemned PN2 to (a fine of) one ox for PN CCT 3 7a:16.
RA 23 148:32 (Nuzi), and passim in this formula in
4. III to enable someone: ki sa Asur u
Nuzi, cf. Sa ina dini le-e-z JEN 368:13.
Marduk ileja 4-sal-u-in-ni eppus I will do as
b) to overpower (Mari, Bogh., SB): ina my gods Assur and Marduk enable me (cf.
humadim e-le-i-ka sitpusum sitpasma ina sits mng. Id-2') ABL 295 r. 9, also ABL 1260 r. 17,
pu.u e-le-i-ka I will overpower you with the wr. i4-al-an-ni-i-ma ABL 290:13, cf. (in broken
.... , go ahead and wrestle, but I will over- context) ABL 1165 r. 5 (all letters of the king), see
power you in wrestling ARM 10 4:15 and 17, Dietrich, AOAT 1 93 n. 87.
see Moran, Biblica 50 47; sdbi annitu u mdtati
eI'u (lehu, lI) s.; (wooden) board, writing
ullatu al(var. el)-te-'i-su-nu-ti I overpowered
board, document, sheet of precious metal,
these people and those countries KBo 1 1:23,
ingot; from OAkk., OB on; lehu in EA,
but el-te-'i-su-nu-ti ibid. 19, 26, 30, 35 and dupl.,
lu-u UET 5 792:8, OB; wr. syll. (note the
see BoSt 8 6ff., cf. GN el-<te>-'-e-su KBo 1 5 i
spellings G liS -u LKA 113 r. 3, GI le-e
10; u piqat alanu Sa limetika ittika mimma
K.9872:44 (both colophons), lix(DIS)-4, see
inakkiru u atta ittisunu lu mithusdta u ta-
usage b-1') and GIS.LI.U 5 (.UM), GIS.ZU, GIS.
la-'-e-Su-nu arki im mamma istu qdtika lu la
DA.
ikkimsunu u piqat ina arki me sarru rabu
gis.li.u 5 .um = le-'-u (var. su-u) Hh. IV 2;
arrani anniti i-la-'-e-ma u Sarru rabi tuppa gis.li.u 5 .apin = le-'u Hh. V 141; gis.li(!).u 5(!).
kanka sa riksi inaddi[n]akk[u] and should um.mar.gid.da MSL 6 41:23 (Forerunner to
the cities on your borders become in any way Hh. V); gis.ig.li.u 5 = da-lat le-'i Hh. V 210;
hostile to you and should you fight with uncert.: ki-li LA[GAB] = [nap-hal-rum, ki-Flil-b[u],
them and overpower them, then nobody will [le-c]-[x] A1/2:101ff., ki-li NIGIN = [napl-ha-rum,
[le-e(?)-l ibid. 104f.
ever take them from you later, even if later
the Great King should overpower these kings, a) (wooden) board - 1' in gen.: 60 le-um
then the Great King will give you a sealed DU sixty boards with pegs(?) RTC 221 v 10
treaty MRS 9 37 RS 17.132:46 and 50 (let. of (OAkk.); 2 GIS le-i(!) (between nalbattu and
Suppiluliuma); the sorceresses ul i-le-'-a-in-ni karpatu) CT 6 20b:22 (OB inv.); PN sa GIS
cannot overpower me Maqlu VI 88; mannu le-i issa[btu] who seized the boards (and fled)
i-le-'-a-ki who can be stronger than you? ARM 1 63:7; naphar 14 GIS.ZU.MES (in broken
LKA 17 r. 14; umma i(var. e)-le-'-e-ka i-le- context, listed beside doors) ADD 1053 i 6;
hu-Ju if (he says), "I will overcome you," 2 GAI le-'-u (note daltu in line 2) Iraq 23 41
they will overcome him Or. NS 16 201 iii 12 (pl. 22) ND 2653:1; GIS.ME le-ia(?)-a-niuqarrab
and dupl. ZA 43 104 iii 60, cf. lapnu i-le-'-e-S4 ABL 1094:7; 1 GIS [lel-'-[u ... ] (in inventory)
Kraus Texte 3b iii 44, see MVAG 40/2 86, cf. also ABL 160:8 (all NA); note as an ornament:
ZA 43 94:61. 9 le-e-hu 9a tikki nine plaques (to be worn)
around the neck (made of gold with a precious
3. 1/2 (negated) to be lost, powerless (OA
stone) EA 14 ii 2 (list of gifts from Egypt).
only): summa kaspam mimma tahasSihi iti
PN 1 oiN Ki.BABBAR ul 2 GIN ersima liddi= 2' as part of an implement: see (part of
nakkim ina sibtim la al-te-e if you need any a plow) Hh. V 141, in lex. section, and cf.
silver, ask PN for one or two shekels and let gis.li.um.zu da(var. adds .bi) he.tal.til
him give it to you - I am powerless because increase the separation of your (plow's) side-
of the interest (I have to pay) RA 51 5:29; boards Farmer's Instructions 44 (courtesy
dumma ... taraiminni la al-te-e amuwatma M. Civil); as part of wagon: see MSL 6, in lex.
if you (fem.) indeed truly love me - I am section; 5 GIS le-4 GIS.MAR 2 GIS le-i4 a epinni
lost! I am dying! KT Hahn 5:5, cf. aki atta five boards of a wagon, two boards of a plow
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le'u le'u
UCP 10 141 No. 70:5f., and note 1 Ior le-u4 35 iv 36, see Giiterbock, Symb. Koschaker p. 33,
we-de-nu ibid. 9, GIS le-u4 a up-li-tim ibid. 11 cf. also (in Hitt. context) GIS.LI.U 5 (vars. GIs
(OB Ishchali); one mina seven shekels uqultu LI-IH-E, GI§ LI-E-') Goetze Mursilis Sprachlihmung
hindubhti sa GIS.LI.U5.UM PN naggdru BE 14 r. 29; (list of four men and two women) ,a
123a:8; 1 GIS le-u 5 PBS 2/2 63:24, cf. 1 GIS le-'i sa arri KAJ 245:7, (in similar context)
le-u 5 (listed after chariots) ibid. 6 (MB). sa le-'i a PN ibid. 9 and 10, sa le-'i $aapkalli
ibid. 12; sa KA 13 le-a-ni ,sasabe nashu<te>
b) writing board, document - 1' in early according to 13 lists of deported persons
texts: (delivery of dates by gardeners listed) KAJ 109:4; [sa p]i-i le-'i-su according to
li.um.ma nu.ba.gar not entered on the his document KAJ 120:8, cf. sa pi-i 5 le-a-
wooden tablet UET 3 1097 colophon (Ur III); ni KAJ 113:32, uncert.: ana le-'i sa PN
gi.pisan im.sar.ra im.li.um YOS561:2; KAJ 91:16, le-4 sa PN ina bit ili ... epsa
Nisaba granted you the measuring rod, the (obscure) KAJ 247:4 (all MA).
blue rope gis.as4 .lum li.um (vars. li.
2' in NA and NB adm. texts - a' in NA
um.e, li.mu.um) the ruler, the tablet
and early NB: ultu GN adi GN,dtamar assiniq
Romer Konigshymnen 24:24; Marhasi (gis.)
u ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM.MES altatar I have care-
li.um.ma (var. with rebus writing GU 4 .AN.
fully inspected (the temples) from GN to GN 2
NA.MA) gur.ru.de so that (even the natives
and have written (inventories) on writing
of) Marhasi would be listed again (as work-
boards ABL 516:13 (NB), cf. GIS.LI.U 5 .UM
men) on wooden tablet(s) ZA 57 51:20 (Curse
lissatar ibid. r. 6, ina libbi GIa.zu ki asturu
on Agade), cf. li.um.ma gur.gur.ru.dam
ABL 716:23 (NB); GIS le-'u 8a LU.MES LU.SAM.
with gloss a-na le-im i-te-er PBS 5 75 i 5,
MES sa mare amat ekalli assatar I wrote on a
see Giiterbock, ZA 42 40:6 and Falkenstein, ZA
writing board (a list of) persons bought and
57 80, and, for the scribal pun, Civil, JAOS 92
of the children of the palace slaves (and sent
271; li.um za.gin su um.mi.du8 hold-
it to the king, my lord) ABL 99 r. 12, cf. ina
ing a writing board of lapis lazuli SAKI
GIs.zu-ka sutur (see hissatu mng. 2c) ABL
94 v 3 (Gudea Cyl. A), cf. li.um za.gin su
185:14; 100 men Sa cGI le-'-e Iraq 23 48 (pl. 25)
bi.dug.a ibid. vi 4; if the top of the gall
ND 2750 r. 6'; nie sa ina GIS le-'i sakcnni
bladder becomes as thin kima DUB le-e-im
persons who are enumerated on the writing
as a writing board YOS 10 28:4 (OB ext.);
board ABL 121:5, cf. utruiti a ina GIs le-'i la
sa pi le-e rabi seam ilqe he took the barley
agtaruni ibid. 11; I.MES ammar rehuni ina
according to the large list MDP 23 197:5,
libbi GIS.LI.US.UM assatar I wrote down on a
cf. warki le-e-i ip[pal] ibid. 242:18; umma
writing board all the outstanding amounts
ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM limur ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM attua
of oil ABL 989 r. 4; GIs le-'u ibaggi ina libbi
ki amuru ul satru I said, "Let me look it
nitamar there is a list, we looked into it
up in the list," when I saw my own list it
ABL 179 r. 2; in all 15 ZI.ME LA sa GIS.zu-ia
was not written (there) PBS 1/2 77:3f.;
15 persons missing (who are recorded) on my
awliissunu ina GIS. <LI>.U 5 .VM sa belija satrat
list ABL 167:18; the implements of PN
their status as menials is recorded in the
which PN2 had brought down in a boat ina
list of my lord BE 17 51:18; note [K]ISIB
GN pitti GIS.LI.U 5 .UM etanru ittahrusu they
su-ma-ti BE 15 199:33 beside GIS.L.U 5 .UM
checked in GN with the accompanying list
su-[ma-ti] ibid. 34 (all MB); ina kanak
and accepted them(?) (everything is intact,
liix(D)-i4 sutu at the sealing of this docu-
nothing is missing) ABL 425: 11, cf. GIS.LI.
ment (reading uncert.) Hinke Kudurru v 8,
u 5.[UM] (in broken context) ADD 871:5 (all
cf. ina kandk lix-4 u IM.KISIB BBSt. No. 4 ii 1,
NA).
also lix-4 U tuppi eqli MDP 6 pi. 10 iii 11 and
15; lix-.MEs birim kunukkisu MDP 10 pi. 11 b' in late NB - 1" in gen.: minamma
i 17; ga[bare] GIS le-['i] MDP 2 p. 94 ii 9 and GI§.DA Sa uttatiu tuppi sa UDU.NITA.ME a ina
12 (all late MB); GI . LI.U 5 (sealed) KUB 13 qate ndqidi abkunu ittija la takun why did
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li'u
. you not deposit with me the list of barley suluppi sa ina muhhisunu according to the
(due) and the tablets concerning the sheep official list of taxes imposed on dates which
which were taken away by the shepherds? they owe YOS 7 109:12; GIs.DA sa rihdnu
YOS 3 147:17; I could not give them to you the list of outstanding payments YOS 3
without a scribe LU.SID u GIS.DA akannaka 41:16, cf. GIS.DA.ME sa kurummati TCL 9
the scribe and the list were with you YOS 3 103:21, GIS.DA.ME sa se[nu] TCL 12 119:14,
17:28, also TCL 9 129:29; the silver should be GIS.DA Sa uttati Sa MU.4.KAM YOS 3 199:21,
paid out for work (done) and for provisions GIS.DA sa rehu sa senu UCP 9 p. 99 No. 36:9;
GIS le-e bile limu[r]uma my lords should look GI.DA NIG.GA DN BIN 2 134:29; GIS.DA Sa
up the list YOS 3 81:12; sa atta GIS le-e ina LU.BAN.ME[S] YOS 6 116:8; GIS.LI.Us.UM
panika u kurummdtija tide (apart from you) labiru (also essu) CT 22 204: 9f., GIS.DA mathr
you who have the list in front of you and know ibid. 21:13; with names of gods and temples:
my rations YOS 3 106:9; GIS.DA kc muru 33 the dates ina muhhi GIS.DA Sa Bel PN usaz:
GIN kaspa Sa ana pani Nabd addannu ina zazma ana PN2 inandin VAS 3 127:5, cf.
GIS.DA ana muhhika Satir when I looked into GIS.DA sa Nabu TCL 12 115:3, GIS.DA sa
the list (I found that) the 33 shekels of silver Belti sa Uruk YOS 3 59:16, le-'i sa amas
which I paid to Nabu are recorded in your CT 22 12:14, and passim, also GIS.DA Sa Ezida
name in the list CT 22 189:10 and 14, cf. GIS. VAS 3 161:8, GIS.DA sa bit rim-ki Nbn. 289:1;
DA beli limur ibid. 170: 11; GIS.DA sa Samas note GIS.DA .a ki-iz-la-qu sa Belti a Uruk
petd' aki GIS.DA ... [harrdna ana] Sepesu YOS 7 167:15; with names of kings: GIS le-e
Su[kun] open the writing board of Samas Sa Nergal-sarra-usuru Nabu-na'id beli limur
and send him on his way (at once) according YOS 3 45:10, (with Nbk., Ner. and Nbn.)
to the board CT 22 126:8 and 10; PN son of 106:19 and 35; ina GIS.DA Sa sarri SE.BAR a'
IPN 2 ina muhhi GIs.DA ana satdru to be 500 GUR ana muhhi satammi ... satrat
written down on the list GCCI 2 142:3; su: according to the list of the king that five
luppu a ina pappasu sird e nadnuma ina hundred gur of barley is charged to the
muhhi GIS.DA la Sa-ta-ri dates which have chief administrator TCL 9 98:17.
been paid out from the allotment of the
brewers and are not inscribed on the list Nbn. 2" exceptionally in private contexts: all
219:2; [nikkassu ... ] ... itti PN u sirdSe epsu their accounting has been concluded u-il-
MN UD.X.KAM MU.X.KAM ina muhhi GIS.DA tim.MES-su-nu etra GIS.LI.UT.UM.MES-4t-nu
epsu Cyr. 256:6; note with ref. to the content pussutu gittdnisunu huppi their promissory
of these lists: for as many days as the owner notes are paid, their writing boards wiped
of the prebend so requests isqu sudti ina GIS. clean, their tablets broken TCL 13 160:12,
DA Sa isqeti sa ina :.DINGIR.MES ina sumisu cf. GIS.LI.U5.MES 4-il-tim.MES TCL 12 43:29;
4u-al-lams he may keep this prebend (in- PN ina GIS.DA-~ nikkassu(!) itti PN2 ipus
scribed) under his name in the list of the Nbn. 95:5.
prebends which is in the sanctuary Moore 3" with ref. to the making of wax-covered
Michigan Coll. 91:18, also VAS 15 26:17, cf. umu writing boards: GI.DA u GAB dispi (writing)
mala PN seb isqu uadti ina GIS.DA NiG.GA board and wax (to be delivered by the car-
Anu ina sumisu i4-al-lam BRM 2 19:20 (Sel.); penter) GCCI 2 189:2, cf. GIS.DA a la GAB.
GI§.DA Sa Sirkiti amurma check in the list of LAL ibid. 58:1; wax and kalu-earth ana
the oblates TCL 9 129:40, cf. YOS 3 17:42, YOS mullu Sa GIS.DA.MES to coat the writing
6 116:13, UCP 9 99 No. 36:3 and 8; GIa.DA Sa boards (given to the carpenter) ibid. 167:4,
irbi gabbi the list of all (items of) income cf. also GCCI 1 399: 1 (all Uruk).
VAS 6 331:9, cf. GIS.DA Sa telt gabbi ibid. 10,
also 176:9 and 10; GI§.DA Sa maSdartu a MU 15 3' in lit. contexts - a' in gen.: 3 sd[tu]
the list of budgeted expenditures of the 15th 63 Gi.zu(!) naphar 10 GI9.zU 44 DUB.MES 5
year VAS 6 132:11; aki GI§.DA Sa imitti Sa egirite 4 a-dar-ru ADD 944 r. ii 3f.; MAS.
158
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le'u le'u
MAs(var. adds -um)-ma nasi le-f'1-[...] he [lpuS] may Nabf settle the accounts of the
was an exorcist carrying (his) writing board king (and his children) on his "tablet of life"
Lambert BWL 50:41 (Ludlul III); concerning ABL 545:8 (NA); dGAAN.UR.GAL // MIN li-bu-
the Izbu (series) about which the king, my ur-ni na-as le-i CT 25 9 i 8 (list of gods); Nabu
lord, wrote me ak s a ina GIS le-'i atiruni tamih oiS.zu.u 5 sabit qantuppi Smati who
ana sarri ... assapra I have reported to the holds the writing board and has the stylus
king according to what is written on the for (recording) the destinies in his hand
writing board ABL 53 r. 11; GIS.ZU ina biti 4s Streck Asb. 364 0:2 (colophon), cf. [GIS.LI].U 5 .
umd piSarsu anassaha the writing board UM qan-tup-pd-a Craig ABRT 2 21:5; Nab Sa
was in (my) house, but now I will make ex- le-e KAV 42 iii 12; ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM-ka kinim
cerpts with regard to its (the omen's) inter- muszm simti ildni upon your reliable writing
pretation ABL 357:10f., see Parpola LAS No. board which establishes the fate (even) of
147; GIS.LI.U 5 .UM ammeu Sa UD.AN.EN.LIL Sa the gods CT 37 20 iii 50; ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM-ka
nisturuni Thompson Rep. 152 r. 1, cf. GIS le-'ukinim mukin puluk same u erseti ibi araku
Akkadi ibid. r. 4; note GIS le-'-a-nu [...] uiima Sutur littiti decree for me long life
DUB.MES ibid. 160:6, also ina GIS.DA ibid. upon your reliable writing board which
181A r. 3; [GIS].ZU.MES essuti Sa isattaruni establishes the borders of heaven and the
ABL 1277:8, ina GIs le-'il ABL 557 r. llf.; nether world (and) write (on it) old age for
tuppanuu GIS.LI.U 5 .UM.MES labirluti attattalma me VAB 4 100 ii 23 (both Nbk.); note, as an
I saw the old clay tablets and wooden writing object of worship in Ebabbar: (offerings)
boards YOS 1 45 i 34 (Nbn.); leqd le-e-a-ni IGI GIS.DA Moldenke 2 12:16.
(parallel tuppdti line 7) EA 358:9 (lit.).
c) sheet of precious metal (used for
decorating woodwork): ina muhhi dalate sa
b' in colophons: GIS.DA paras anuti
<GIS>.ZU.MES sa ere ina muhhi ellini con-
RAcc. 79 r. 44; GIS.DA BE sa mukallimetu sa
cerning the doors upon which copper sheets
Eniima-Anu-Enlil old writing board with
are to be mounted ABL 452 r. 12 and 19;
commentaries to the astrological series
dalate sa bit Sin ... sa le-'-a-ni Sa kaspi ina
LBAT 1564 r. 7', cf. GI.ZU sa liq-ti writing
muhhi elluni raspa the doors of the temple
board with excerpts ACh Supp. 2 Istar 72:9;
of Sin (Samas and Ningal) on which silver
ultu libbi oGI.zu sa bulti from a writing board
sheets are to be mounted have been put
with prescriptions Kocher BAM 201 r. 44; BAR.
together ibid. r. 8 (NA), ef. daltu ... [1]e-'-a-
MES sa ina GIS.LI.U 5 .UM NU SAR non-canonical
ni qatd ABL 1340:11 (NB); le-'-i sa hurdsi
omens which were not written on the writing
(which had disappeared from the temple of
board Kraus Texte 24 r. 14; GIS.LI.U 5 .UM GIS.
Assur was discovered with the purkullu PN)
SUR.MiN a writing board of cypress wood
ABL 429:6,cf. le-'-u burasi sa purkullu ina
KAR 151 r. 68, cf. ki pZ GIS le-'i GIS bi-ni
muhhi esir ABL 592:6, le-'u a hurdsi Sa
Craig AAT 13 K.3044 r. 5', etc., GIS.LI.U 5 .UM ZU
Eanna ABL 551:11 (all NA).
AM.SI writing board of ivory Iraq 17 7:3;
note ki pi tuppani GIS.LI.U 5 .UM.MES Streck d) ingot: 2 lu-i Sa an-na-ku-um two
Asb. 354 b:4, cf. IM.DUB.MES U GIS.DA.M[ES] ingots of tin UET 5 792:8, cf. 24 li-ui AN.NA
LBAT 1394 r. 14', and passim in colophons, see ARM 7 218:7, ina 6 li-i AN.NA (which PN
Hunger Kolophone p. 166a s.v. le'u. brought here) ibid. 233:7, and passim in this
text; x gold Sa 1 li-im ARM 9 266:1, see
4' used by gods: ina Ezida nasat GIS.LI. Birot, ARMT 9 p. 314.
U s .UM TI inadi reSa in Ezida she (Bau) is For the name of the star is lI, q.v., wr.
checking (on the living and the dead), holding MUL.GI.DA as a rebus writing, see Gossmann,
the "tablet of life" KAR 109:23; the seventh §L 4/2 No. 96 and No. 200.
day is the day of settling accounts Nabu ina Ad usage b: San Nicolb, Or. NS 17 59ff.;
GIS.LI.U 5 .UM-8U sa baldti nikkassu Sa ,arri ... Wiseman, Iraq 17 p. 3ff.; Borger Esarh. p. 31 n. 19.
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le'ii
le'fi (fem. le'itu) adj.; able, capable, serret sarrani (Istar) the most capable of all
skilled; from OAkk., OB on; wr. syll. princes, who holds the lead rope of kings
(le-mu-u ABL 1286 r. 10) and A.GAL (in STC 2 pl. 78:32, see Ebeling Handerhebung 132;
personal names also DA and zu); cf. le'ad v. (Nana) le-'i-ti mudammeqat paras qarrddi
a.gil = le-'-u Igituh short version 17. cf. a.gail BA 5 627 No. 4 ii 6; le-'-u rapsa uznu the
= le-'-u Igituh I 112; a.gal = le-e-- = (Hitt.) capable, wise (Marduk) Ebeling Handerhebung
wa-al-kis-sa-ra-as, a.gl1 = le-'-4 = (Hitt.) wa-al- 76:20, cf. (said of Nabu) ibid. 16:6, cf.
kis-sa-ra-as, a.gaI - le-e-du = (Hitt.) SAL-za wa-al-
kis-sa-ra-a s Izi Bogh. A 14-16; a.ma.al = also A.GAL rapsu apkalilani AKA 256:5 (Asn.);
a.ga[1] = [le-']-i, a.ma.al = a.gA[1] = [.. . (Marduk) le-'-4 igigallu AfO 18 387:27; (Ea)
Emesal Voc. III 97f.; nir.ga.ga = e-tel-lurn, le-'-u parsi 4R 54 No. 2:49; note in personal
i.bi.ma.al = mu-du-i, [a].tuk = le-'-ri Antagal names: Sin-le-e-i CT 4 47a:37 (OB), cf.
F 221-223; [ig]i.gal - le-'-u Igituh I 6.
Assur-le-i KAJ 20:28, for other refs., also wr.
[igi].DIM = le-a-u Kagal G 26; AK = ([le-'-[u]
Sa Voc. T 4'; e UD.DU = le-e-[um] Diri I 168; e le-e, le-'i, see MAOG 13/1 25 s.v.; dNabd-DA
UD.DU = [le]-e-um A III/3:163; 6 v =: uz-nu, le-e-i, KAJ 158:9, for other refs. see MAOG 13/1 64 s.v.;
ha-si-su A I1/4:11-13; li-rum SU.KAL = le-'u 5 -urn A.GAL.DU-dSA.ZU (= Le'i-kala-Marduk) Iraq 3
Proto-Diri 297; [an.x] = teltu, [l]e-i-tum Izi A ii 91:39 (MB), cf. Mannu-kima-Assur-zu Tall-
26f.; gis.si.si.[ig] = hi(var. sa)-la-hu, gis.si.
si.ig.g[a] (var. lsa.s[i.si.ig.x]) = le-4-u-td (var. qvist APN 125, note the abbrs. A.GAL-e-a
le-'-[u]) Erimhus II 184f. BE 8 3:41 (early NB), Moldenke 15:3, Dar. 123:5,
a.gal.dingir.re.e.ne.me.en ni.gal bu.mu. fLe-'-i-tum VAS 3 25:2.
un.da.ri : le-'i ili andku namrirri lu rarnuku
I am the able one among the gods, I am laden with
terror Angim IV 17; a.ma.al du.a.bi.e.ne
b) said of kings: dindt misarim sa RN sars
mu.lu a.za.lu.lu.kex(KID) : le-'-at kalama belet rum le-i-um ukinnu the righteous decisions
tenesti knowledgeable in everything, mistress of which Hammurapi, the able king, has estab-
human beings ASKT p. 115:9f.; mdSE .KI.A.GAL. lished CH xl 4, of., wr. le-iu-um ibid. i 63, also
di.a.bi : ndSin-le-'-i-kul-la-ti 5R 44 ii 14; gar. (said of Samsuiluna) YOS 9 35 ii 90; le-'u kal
dar.me.bus a.gal .an.ki.a gitukul.sag.imi [n.
na.mu ... ] : sdkip tahazi ezzi le-'-e AN-e GIB. malki (Sargon) the most capable of all princes
[TUKUL.SAG.IMIN.NA] (I hold) the terrible Over- Lyon Sar. 1:6, 20:13, Winckler Sar. pl. 40:6;
whelmer-in-Battle, the powerful one in heaven and le-'-u epgst k[alama] knowledgeable in all
earth, my mace with the seven heads Angim activities Borger Esarh. 103:10; le-'-um itpesu
III 40; a.tuku a.kius.u.e : lee-u m undalku
hassu mudid Borger Esarh. 45:18, cf. CT 37 5:12
5R 62 No. 2:33 (8amas-sum-ukin).-
it-pu-ju = le-'-u, qar-ra-du Malku VIII 111f.; (Nbk.); ana ... qarrddi le-e-i itpes[i] (ad-
te-le-'u = le-'-u (var. su-ud-du-u) LTBA 2 1 vi 52, dressing the king) BE 17 24:2 (MB let.); sarru
dupl. 2:390; te-[le]-'-u = le-'-u (followed by pit hasisi le-'u ini kalama the king, wise,
synonyms for mudi) ibid. 1 iv 4, dupl. 2:68. skilled in technical knowledge in all fields
a) said of gods and goddesses: le-'-a-at Lyon Sar. pl. 6:38, cf. le-'-a-ku sa gimir urm
gimir ill (Ninkarrak) the (most) able among mdni kaliSunu iniuSunu rabi (see inu B)
all the gods K.6321:1, cited Bezold Cat. 2 779, Streck Asb. 256:25; le-e-ui ekdu the fierce, the
also, wr. le-'-a-ti Or. NS 36 116:1 (SB), le-i-it ill able one Weidner Tn. 26 No. 16:22, cf. ekdu
RA 15 176:12 (OB Agusaja), cf. le-i-tu [...] le-'-i KAH 1 30 i 3 (Shalm. III), see WO 1 57;
(incipit of a song) KAR 158 r. vi 2; Istar le-e- sarru dannu le-u qabli the mighty king, ex-
it i1 rabuti KAR 144:13, also, wr. le-'-at pert in battle Weidner Tn. 14 No. 6:16, 21 No.
BMS 32:14; le-a-at abisa KAR 158 i 15, cf. 12:24, cf. KAH 2 84:16 (Adn. II), AKA 183:2,
(Belet-mati) le-'-at Anunnakki AKA 207:3 265:34, 385:130 (all Asn.); le-'-u qabli u tdhazi
(Asn.); le-'-u Igigi (said of Marduk) BA 5 Borger Esarh. 8 § 5:1, cf. sarru le-'-e-um qabli
391:5, cf. le-'-4 (var. [1]e-'u) le-'-4-ti apkal ill u ttdazi ibid. 98:23; le-'u tam~dri Lyon Sar.
(Marduk) the most able of all, the wise one 4:21, see also le-'-ut tdbazi (said of troops
among the gods En. el. I 80, also Streck Asb. in inscriptions of Sargon, cited usage c), cf.
278:7c; [ilj] Spiijtu le-'u-tum a dame u erseti urbSnu qardu le-u (var. le-iu-um) tuqumdti
KAR 355:10; le-'-a-at kalidunu malklc sdbitat AOB 1 112:10 (Shalm. I).
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c) said of other persons: mare umm&ni d) other occs.: summa 1 alpam le-'a 4-am
le-'-4-ti mude piriSti ina biti ... lu uASrib dumma 1 littam tabtam either an able bull,
I made (carpenters, masons, metal workers or a good cow (in broken context) VAS 16
(and) sculptors), skilled artisans, who know 129:23, cf. 1 alpam le-a-am ... iabilam
the secret arts, enter the workshop Borger YOS 2 64:9 (both OB letters); see also (said of
Esarh. 83:29, cf. ibid. 21:36, of. also [... a personified weapon) Angim III 40, in lex.
mare umm]4ni le-'-i-ti attadi temenSu [with section; [...] abite le-'-i-ti [a] kt a apkalli
the help of] skilled workmen I laid its gamratuni [with?] the expert pronouncement
foundation ibid. 94:40, cf. itti NUN.i.ME§ which is as perfect as that of the sages
le-'-u-ti with the skilled diviners Streck ABL 1277 r. 2 (NA).
Asb. 254:15; u NAGAR.ME§ le-ui-tu ituka ibaSSd
For AfO 16 pl. 10 iii 18 (= Izi E 250B) see
umama ... ana pi balti limaSSiluma there
band B v.
are skilled woodworkers with you, let them
make the (representations of) animals look le'0 in la le't adj.; unskilled, powerless,
lifelike EA 10:29 (let. of Burnaburiag, coll. from unprotected; SB; cf. le'd v.
photograph); [...].gal SAG.KAL [x X g]i.na i-dim BAD = la-lum,
-- pi-is-na-qu, la le-'-u
tag.tag.ga [x x (x) ha.r]a.ab.bi.na.a : A 11/3 Part 5:16ff.; A.nu.gAl = [la-a le]-'-u =
an i-lik mar-ma-hu-ti sihiS qitradma le-e-um- (Hitt.) U-UL ku-ia wa-al-kil-sa-ra-as Izi Bogh. A 20.
ma liqbilka smilingly undertake the work of a.gal i.ku.e Sim A.bi .nu.gal.la 94m
gina.bi.a.se : ikkal le-'-u rim idiAu u la le-'-u
the .... business and they will say of you azm [.e]rriAu the skilled man lives off the price of
"(he is) a skilled one" Lambert BWL 252:18 his wages, the unskilled man, off the price of his
(SB proverb), cf. as4 le-'u-ma the physician children Lambert BWL 242:9.
is indeed a skilled man! AnSt 6 156:126 (Poor
a) in gen.: atta aji (or attaj$) la le-'-u
Man of Nippur); issabtuma kima le-i-im ilidu
a-mi-l[am] .a ... tiZera ana ma [rija] who
(see ladu usage a) Gilg. P. vi 15 and 21 (OB);
are you, you powerless man, who have dared
[summa] andku le-'-a-ku imatti if (he always
to come into my presence? Lambert BWL 200
says) "I am able," he has shortcomings
iv 3; alik tappite la le-'-[i] (Marduk) who
ZA 43 96:9 (Sittenkanon); note: le-e-um (said
goes to the help of the unprotected BMS 13:4,
of Adapa) BRM 4 3:8; le-'-um (var. le-'-i)
see Ebeling Handerhebung 84; [n]a'[d]e tenka
qarrddu a sani ni-bit-su the name of the
tumaSil la le-'-i, with comm. kima l[a le-'-i]
second (son) is "Able, Brave" Lambert BWL
you have let your fine discernment become
86:263 (Theodicy); le-'-z palkd Su'e tasimti 0
similar to an imbecile's, with comm.: like an
able one, 0 savant, who masters knowledge
imbecile Lambert BWL 70:14 (Theodicy).
ibid. 254; le-mu- u muntalku 4 he is able and
thoughtful ABL 1286 r. 10 (NB), see also Lam- b) beside other words for weak: Sa ana
bert BWL 242:9, cited le 2 in la le'4; niSjt dibit ... auteaur la le-'-i la habdl endi imbdinni ilu
nag suadtu ina GN ... le-'-ut sis pithalli la rabiti (my name) which the great gods have
isAi tamSZilun the people living in that given me to provide guidance for the power-
province in the country of Urartu are skilled less (and) to prevent the oppression of the
in (training) riding horses, there are none like weak Lyon Sar. 8:50, cf. Aarru kinu [... ] a ana
them TCL 3 170 (Sar.); mundahsiSu le-'-ut la babal enAi Su-<te>-Jur la le-' DN [u]Aateru
tahazi his warriors, experienced in battle belissu ADD 809:5 (Sar.), see Postgate Royal
ibid. 104, cf. ibid. 289, Lie Sar. 54:8; in per- Grants p. 62; taabbatqt e[n4]i la le-'-a tudSaqa
sonal names: La-i-um Corpus of Ancient Near (var. tu-Aaq-qa-ri) you (Ninurta) take the
Eastern Seals 553 E (OAkk.), Isar-la-e TuM NF hand of the weak, you elevate (var. make
1-2 7:12, for other refs. see MAD 3 158; AhiZa- appreciated) the meek BMS 2:21, see Ebeling
le-i BE 14 133:2 (MB), wr. PAP-le-i Iraq 23 39 Handerhebung 24, cf. la-a le-'-a tabakkan ana
ND 2629 ii 7 (NA), see also Stamm Namengebung re9i you elevate the powerless to high
294. position STT 57:68 and dupls., see Ebeling Hand-
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l'atu lezenu
erhebung 44:51; tazaqqap enda pisnuqa turaps tanitti le-'u-ti tdhaziSu (in broken context)
p[a]S tattana di la le-am-ma tere'i ulla you TCL 3 109 (Sar.), cf. also [... -ki] i-na(?)1-'a-du
set the weak on their feet, you give impor- iktarrabu le-'-u-u[t-ki] Craig ABRT 2 21 r. 12;
tance to the powerless, you give protection in personal names: Nabh-zu-u-ti ABL 17 r. 9,
to the unprotected, you shepherd the witless Nabd-zU-ti ABL 118 r. 6 and 13.
AfO 19 65:14 (SB lit.); uldlu ibbatu idarrisu
la le-e-[a] (people) destroy the weak, drive 2. victory (in a lawsuit): dajanu le-u-su-nu
away the powerless Lambert BWL 86:274
Sa PN u PN2 ... iSkunuma the judges
(Theodicy).
declared the victory of PN and PN2 MDP 23
321:38 (= 322:38), also ibid. 320 r. 4 (OB Elam);
lZ'itu s.; 1. power, strength, 2. victory tuppa annita a le-4-ti dajdni §a GN ana aks
(in a lawsuit), 3.knowledge, ability, skill; kd4a iStatru this tablet about (your) winning
OB, Nuzi, SB, NA, NB; cf. le'i v. (the case) the judges of GN wrote for you
giL.si.si.ig.g[a] (var. u.s[i.si.ig.x]) = le-- SMN 3604:11; PN declared in court: "PN,
u-ti (var. le-'-[u]) Erimhu. II 185; [gi..si.si].ig
Sle-'u-d[u] Erimhus Bogh. C ii 2.
wronged me" u tuppasu a le-u-ti PN2 ana
nam.A.gAl.mu nam.gal.a.ni (var. .[ga]l. pani dajani uStelima u iltasiS kime ... das
la.ni) me.t6 ha.ba.i.i : le-iu-ut-[ti] .u-ur-bu- jdni anniatu PN ana x SE.ME§ ... ana PN2
[u-s8u] li-i-na-[du(?)] may they praise my strength iddisumi PN, ina dini ilte'e but PN, brought
(and?) his greatness UET 1 146 v-vi 7, dupl. YOS the tablet certifying (his) winning (in the
9 53:2 (Hammurapi), Sum. also ZA 54 52:27,
cf. nam.A.ga[l].zu gub.bi.[i]b : le-i[u-ut-ka] lawsuit) before the judges and they read
.uziz establish your power LIH 60 ii 7; erin.e that these judges (named in the tablet) had
kalam.e he.si.le.de nam.a.gal.zu dingir. condemned PN to (pay a fine of) x barley to
gal.gal.e.ne si.le.te : s.b u matum dalilika PN,, (and) PN, won the case (moving end of
idallalu le-a-ut-ka ilu rab2tum idallalu men and
line 15 up to end of line 13) AASOR 16 71:15;
land will sing your praise, the great gods will
praise your power Genouillac Kich 2 C 1 r. 19f. tuppa sa le-u-ti .a PN ana pani LUGAL uSteli
(inc.). SMN 3098:20 (all Nuzi).
1. power, strength - a) of gods: sdbit 3. knowledge, ability, skill: libbi iii kima
qan tuppi Nabi le-'-ut-ka Nabu, who holds
the reed stylus, is your (Marduk's) strength
qereb game nesima le-e-a-us-su supSuqatma
niLe la lamda the mind of god is as remote
KAR 25 ii 6, see Ebeling Handerhebung 14, see as the interior of heaven, knowledge of it is
also Genouillac Kich, cited in lex. section. difficult, so that man cannot learn it Lambert
b) of kings: le-u-ti ,Aninam ul i u my BWL 86:257 (Theodicy); A.GAL-u-tic gihiza(!)
strength has no rival CH xl 82; ina le-i-tim karassun teach them (the craftsmen) skills
9a DN iddinam nakri eliS u aplid assub with Borger Esarh. 82:19; Saparu sa mundalkitu u
the strength that Marduk gave to me I le-'-u-ti stma is this a message of wisdom and
extirpated the enemies everywhere ibid. xl 28; knowledge? AfO 10 2:3 (MB let.), cf. la annu
see also UET 1 146, etc., cited in lex. section; 4 le-'-u-tu Sa tupSarrlti is this not the height
darrum gagrum rim Sarri ina le-i-tim u gamis of scholarship? ABL 1277 r. 9 (NA), see Parpola
ritim ana kiSdd tiimtim illikma the powerful LAS No. 318; bel Sarrdni ki le-'-i-ti-S4 lipus
king, the wild bull among the kings, went in may the lord of all kings act according to his
power and strength as far as the coast of the knowledge ABL 1373 r. 9 (NB); warkdnum
sea Syria 32 13 ii 6, cf. le--s uweddi he made Sapiri la le-u-ti iSakkan (obscure) TCL 18
his power known ibid. 14 ii 21 (Jahdunlim); 128:26 (OB let.).
ina li-ti le-'-ul-[t]u(var. -ti) dandna u kiitti The Erimhut refs. do not seem to refer to
qiti elidun Du-fil Knudtzon Gebete 68:9 and r. le'itu "power."
17 (coll. J. Aro); tanatti le-t(var. adds -um)-
ti-ia littasqar may he proclaim the glory of lezenu (lazdnu) v.; to ridicule, to slander;
my strength (and, like me, rebuild this RS, SB, NA, NB; I ilzin, 1/2 (perfect) NA
temple) AOB 1 124 left edge 1 (Shalm. I), cf. *issazin,II.
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lezf libbatu
a) lezenu: Sillatu magritulu ikkibuka le-ze- lib&nu see labdnu.
nu S tatami (emu la kini let insolence and
libaru see liparu.
blasphemy be your abomination, utter
nothing slanderous, no unsubstantiated libaru- iti see ba'dru usage e.
opinion Lambert BWL 100:29; eli amdti anndti
ga il-zi-nu DN u DN, irihuuma because of
these words that he had slanderously uttered,
Assur and Istar rushed against him (the
Mari, MB, Nuzi, SB; wr. syll. and
libbu.
SA-nu;
libbanu adv.; inside, of the inner part;
cf.
Elamite king) Streck Asb. 34 iv 21, cf. (in a) in gen.: 4 GiN siparramana li-ib-ba-nu
broken contexts) [...] Sa PN al-zi-na AN ruddima add four shekels of bronze to it
[. .. ] ABL 964 r. 13 (NB), [...] LT.KRB i-sa- (the previous sum) ARM 10 109:28; L[4.
az-nu-ma arru bell lu 4-di ABL 1422 r. 17 ME]§ Ma [SA]-pa-nu HSS 15 42:5, also sui-Ja-
(NA). ru sa l-pa-nu AcKUR KuASuhena ibid. 13,
b) luzzunu: ul ana muhijja annd 4-la-za- and ibid. 30f.
an-mi does he not make jokes at my expense b) in ext.: GIR SAG ... A-nu GlB
(in sending stones other than lapis lazuli to
me)? MRS 9 222 RS 17.383:16; u-la-za-an
(in broken context) Bauer Asb. 2 77 r. 12.
422:18ff.; SAG NA ana 150 ana SA-nu
paris RA 14 146 N.105:11 (MB report), cf. KAR
PA TUK-
Ai the top of the naplastu on the right has a
li-iz/s-ni-x (in broken context) KAR 334:6 branch toward the inside Boissier DA 19 iii 38,
probably is an optative of a verb with z (or cf. sikkat seli ... ana AA-nu
lard irdi CT 31
s, s) and n as first two radicals. 17 K.7588 obv.(!) 24; SAG HAR ~A-nu U UB-di
von Soden, Or. NS 20 269. CT 31 39 i 21, also KAR 151 r. 12, PRT 131:10;
lezf v.; to continue, to persist; SB; I kittabri HAR d ZAG SA-nu KI.TA ekim KAR
ilezzu - lezu. 428:45; if the right false ribs ana SA-n GUOR.
ME are turned toward the inside CT 31 24:23,
za-al NI = le-zu-u A II/1 iii 7'; za-al NI = la-za-
zu // le-zu-[u] A II/1 Comm. 16'; za-al NI = Sd KA. of. ibid. 17 K.7588:22, also KAR 151 r. 12.
NT gu-zal-lu NA // rig-mu, NI // le-zu-u -- zal is the
pronunciation of NI in KA.NI, i.e., guzallu = c) in astrol.: if the moon is surrounded
blabbermouth, KA is rigmu shout, NI is lezd to by two halos Ad SA-nu kima dTIR.AN.NA GAR
persist A II/1 Comm. 20'; [... ] [LUL] = 9a KA.L[UL] and the inner one looks like the rainbow
le-zu-[u] Ea VII 295f.
ACh Sin 10:22, cf. sa kidi BABBAR Ad A-nu
INIM.INIM.MA erru le-zu pa-rid u igdanallut SAs the outer is white, the inner red ibid. 30,
incantation (to use when) a baby is con- cf. (with three halos) TUR A-nu the inner
stantly afraid and restless Sm. 1301 iii 13, see halo ACh Supp. 2 Sin 15:3, also 5 and 7; if
Bezold Cat. 4 1477, parallel LKU 32 r. 15; umma when the moon rises kakkabu li-ib-ba-nu-
dabbale-zu if he is talking incessantly ZA 43 ug-A4 [...] a star [is] inside it RA 51 22 BM
96:16, cf. (in broken context) ibid. 84 No. 3:7'; 35695+ :3, cf. [li-i]b-ba-nu-u-Ai ina qarni
[. .. ] i-le-zu- [. . .] Bauer Asb. 2 77 r. 20. imittigu [...] LKU 108:16, see Leibovici, RA
lianam v.; to go(?); syn. list.* 51 22, dupl. LBAT 1522:3 and 6.
LI-a-NAM = a-la-a-ku An IX 66.
libbatu s. pl. tantum; anger, wrath; from
Text erroneous; perhaps to be emended to OA, OB on; cf. labdbu A.
a(!)-a-hu(!), according to dc-a-&u = a-la-ku [ta-a]b ofG = lib-ba-tu A VIII/2:230; AR "-
Malku II 94. guK = lib-ba-a-tum (in group with uzzatum and
nangugu) Erimhus V 176, cf. [... ] = [lib]-ba-a-tum
li'atu s.; saliva; lex.* (in group with uggatum, uzzaitum) Antagal D b 28;
[KA BAD.zag.bar].bar(?) = li-'-a-tum (be- [m]ur-gu 4 KAX NE((!) = lib-ba-a-tu Ea App. A iv 3.
tween ru'tu and imtu) Kagal D Section 10:6
i-na li-ba-ti-u BA.UGa la-bu-~ a-su-g (for
(from Bogh.).
explanation see lab4 v.) CT 41 34 K.103: 5 (Alu
Connect possibly with alliaja,q.v. Comm.).
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libbatu libbu
a) in gen.: ibadi ittekunu patgr i'ilti uzzu (in broken context) ABL 809 r. 8 (NA); Satams
li-ib-ba-ti u nikil[ti] you can undo sin, rage, mu lib-ba-ti-ka i-mcl-la(!) the atammu will
anger and trickery OECT 6 pl. 12:22 (SB lit.), be filled with anger against you YOS 3 124:10
seeTuLp. 164; warkanum [adSum li]-ib-ba-ti- (NB let.); DN li-ib-ba-ti ma-li Sa Igigi Enlil
gu niturra later, we shall come back because was filled with anger against the Igigi-gods
of his anger (or restore [ana zi]-ib-ba-ti-§u Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 100 III vi 6, also 80
(we shall turn) against his rear guard) II v 13, cf. Enlil lib-ba-ti im-ta-li a ill Igigi
ARM 2 21 r. 12'; ina lib-ba-te(?) Sa DINGIR Gilg. XI 172; DN lib-bat ameli DIR-at Istar is
[...] ABL 1034:9 (NB). filled with anger against the man PRT 138:2,
parallel, wr. lib-ba-te KAR 423 i 48 (SB ext.).
b) with mal - 1' in gen.: kima barbarim
ma-li li-ba-tim like a wolf it (the arrow) is 3' in male libbati: aknani uddati suhhur
filled with rage Sumer 13 97:7 (OB inc.); gar: pani u ma-le-e lib-ba-a-ti troubles, turning
rum li-ib-ba-ti-im im-ta-la the king was filled away of the (god's) face, and (the god's)
with anger AJSL 32 289:12 (OB let.), cf. li-ba- being filled with anger beset me STC 2 pl.
tim [imtala(?)] Sumer 14 21 No. 4:6 (OB let.), 81:70, see Ebeling Handerhebung 134, cf. (they
lib-ba-a-tiim-ta-li Cagni Erra IIb 10; mamma persecute me) ina subfur pani u ma-le-e
lib-ba-ti la imallu nobody shall be filled with lib-ba-te KAR 26:36 (SB rel.); DIRI lib-ba-a-
anger CT 22 114:21 (NB let.). [ti] (apodosis) Dream-book 331 ii 3-6; mar
Siprija ... ina ma-le-e lib-ba-a-ti(var. -te)
2' with object in the gen. (also preceded
uma'ir filled with anger, I sent my messenger
by a) or denoted by a suffix: adumi harrds
Streck Asb. 60 vii 26; ammeni sarru bell ...
nika ilum li-ba-ti-ka ma-li because of your
ma-le-e lib-ba(!)-[ti] iltanappara why does
journey the god is filled with anger against
the king, my lord, always write (words) full
you CCT 4 2a:27, also HUCA 39 19 L 29-563:7
of anger? ABL 1240:7 (NB); Sa ma-le-e lib-ba-
(OA); mddid li-ib-ba-ti-ia ma-li he was very
a-ti be'eSu pani bell ispura (see ba'dsu A
angry with me Kraus AbB 1 52:24; addum
mng. 2b) TCL 9 138:6 (NB let.); [...] ma-le-e
laddaqdim li-ib-ba-ti-ia ta-am-lu-4 since you
lib-ba-a-tum Sa PN anger against PN YOS 6
were filled with anger against me last year
225:23 (NB let.).
TCL 17 2:36, of. agum PN li-ba-ti-ia ma-lu-u
In Kocher BAM 28 r. 5 and dupls. read nars
BIN 7 45:6; li-ib-ba-at PN ekallum ma-li the
bdti, see narbu. In ina hip lib-ba-te imuat
palace is filled with anger against PN VAS
he will die of a broken heart ABL 657 r. 3
16 3:6; Adpirni li-ib-ba-ti-ni la i-ma-al-la
(NA), see Parpola LAS No. 120, libbate is used
YOS 2 97:25 (all OB letters); idi kima li-ib-
exceptionally as pl. of libbu.
ba-ti-ia ma-le-et I know that you are filled
with anger against me ARM 2 66:5; li-ib- libbilibbi see liblibbu.
ba-ti-ia i-ma-al-la ibid. 25 r. 9; [li]-ib-ba-ti-
Ju am-la I became angry with him libbu s.; 1. heart, abdomen, entrails, womb,
ARM 10 151:13, cf. ibid. 73:15; Ea im-la li- 2. inside (or inner part) of a building, an
ib-ba-ti-Aa became angry with her VAS 10 area, a region, of a container, parts of the
214 iv 20 (OB Agusaja); li-ib-ba-at aiija ul human body, parts of the exta, inside, pith
am-la I did not become angry with my of plants, a type of document, etc., 3. mind,
brother EA 7:32, cf. ibid. 15 (MB); li-ba-ti-ia thought, intention, courage, wish, desire,
bell la i-ma-la my lord should not become choice, preference, 4. (in prepositional use)
angry with me PBS 1/2 47:26 (MB let.); in, among, from, belonging to, like, instead
arkdnid lib-ba-ti-id ma-la i-mal-lu later, he of, according to, 5. ina (ana) libbi (in ad-
will be filled with much anger against me verbial use, i.e., without following suffix or
ABL 1260 r. 19 (NB), cf. ABL 1263 r. 18 (NA); lib- genitive) therefore, therein, therefrom, etc.,
ba-te-ialai-mal-la-a he must not become angry 6. woof, 7. "heart" (also bud, offshoot,
with me ABL 1148:8 (NA), also 295 r. 10 (NB), leaf, trunk) of the date palm; from OAkk.
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libbu libbu la
on; exceptionally pi. lib-ba-te ABL 657 r. 3,
see Parpola LAS No. 120; wr. syll. and
EA often uzu.9S, SAII.ME
(in
ABL 44:8); cf.
9A covered your heart like a reed box SBH p. 131:52;
umun.mu gs ki.ta nu.um.sed 7 .da.ni : blu
Ma XA-M apliS la ipadiham lord whose heart does
not become truly (lit. deep down) appeased 4R 21*
libbdnu, libbu in 9a libbila, liblibbu. No. 2:10f.; A dNin.urta ba.9a 6 : lib-bi Ninurta
sa-a BA = li-ib-bu-um, ir-ru-um MSL 2 p. 149
i-fi-ib (var. it-ti-[ib]) the heart of DN calmed down
iii 23f. (Proto-Ea); uzu. s = lib-bi, kar-.t, qer-bi, Angim IV 44; ki.tu sa.dg.ga : ubat tu-ub
ir-ri Hh. XV 98ff., cf. [uz]u.sa = lib-bu = ir-ru lIb-bi-u-nu their favorite abode CT 13 36:16;
ga-mir-tu Hg. D 64, in MSL 9 p. 37; ~A-a A = [nig.s]A.ta i.ga.g4 : mimma 6a ina lib-bi ba u
lib-bu S b II 53; sa = lib-bu (in group with Qurru, 5R 50 i 23f., cf. Sm.sa.mu ma.al.la.mu : bi-
kabattu, liblibbu) Antagal VIII 57; sa = lib-bu, i-it lib-bi-ia SBH p. 84:19f.; sa .ka.ta : ina h
babi AfO 14 150:215f.; 9& ze.eb.ba : ina$-ru-
sA.bi = lib-ba-a, sa.bi.se = ana lib-bi-i, sa.bi.
sb in.gar - MIN iS-kun Hh. II 148ff.; s.[ab] = uplib-bi OECT 6 p. 29:17f.; sa.zu he.en.hun.e
[9a] = [lib-bu] Emesal Voc. II 192; [MA], [libis], bar.zu h.i.en.sed.d : lib-ba-ki linih kabattaki
lipah Delitzsch AL 3 p. 136f. r. 9f., cf. a.uru.
[p]e ~ = lib-[bu] Nabnitu C 156ff.; [sa-a] [A],
[SAx§] = li-ib-bu Ea VII 205f.; a-a §Ax^x = a.ta ... bar.ta.bi.se : ina lib-bi unu ... ina
li-ib-bu Ea VII Excerpt 22'. ahdti CT 16 11 vi 27ff.; s.ga.a.ni mu.un.na.
ab.be bar.ra.a.ni mu.un.na.ab.be : a lib-
pe-es PE§ = lib-bu Idu II 129; li-bii AB x
bi-u iqbi.i §a ka-bat-ti- u iqbi Angim IV 47;
lib-bu S II 253; [AB].§A = li-ib-bu, s.u-ur-r[u],
rs.dis.e in.da.an.gal.la.es.a : §a i ten llb-ba
u[z]-zu( !)-u-[um] Proto-Diri 458ff.; [KAx x.(... )]
§aknu Lambert BWL 268 iii 6.
= li-ib-bu Kagal D Section 10:14.
sa.ab si.ud : gd lib-ba-94 ru-u-qu 4R 9:36f.,
uzu.e.ir.ra = ku-tum AA-bi Hh. XV 94, cf.
and passim in Emesal; H&n.mu s.ba.mu : ka-
[uzu.e.iur.ra] = [ku-tim lib-b]i = hi-in-su Hg. B
bat-ti lb-bi-ia SBH p. 9:116f.; ab im.ma.al
IV 51, in MSL 9 35; [uzu.ellagx(BIR).sa.ga] =
HAR.zu.a de.ma.al : [ina lib]-bi libSi ... ina
MIN (= [ka-li-tum]) li-[ib-bi], uzu.ellagx.bar.ra
kabattika libdi Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts p. 24:2f.
= MIN bir-[ki] Hh. XV a.:2f.; [uzu .. .] = [i-Si-ik]
and VAS 2 79:10, see OECT 6 p. 85.
lib-bi = ka-li-t Hg. B IV 19, in MSL 9 34; for
sitd(!) libis diri.ga.e (later recension gig.
lex. refs. in which libbu occurs in compounds or in
the definition of a verb (e.g., bard la libbi) see
abalu, bard, biblu, hfidu, idirtu, kisu, lumnu, mursu,
ndhu, napahu, nalu, nidu, nigutu, nigu, nuhu,
6A-bi
sita libis diri.ga.kex(xID)) : kak-ku na-si-ih
divine weapon which drives people insane
Lugale V 22, cf. libis.a.ni u.me.ni.[bu] : lib-
qdpu, saharu, sarahu, sarapu A, sarhu, sebi, situ,
ba-Ju usuhma CT 17 11:77f., but sa.bi : A- 4
subburu, surpu, uggatu. ibid. 82f.; libis.mu : analib-bi-ia SBHp.9:114f.;
libi im.ma.kex : lib-bi belitiu 4R 21* No. 2:28f.,
lu.sa.ta.ha.ar = sa li-ib-ba-u e-em-ru OB Lu
but a.kit.bi ga.an.hun : siA-u ellu lunih ibid.
A 351 and B v 51, li6.s.gig.ga = §a li-<ib>-ba-
24f., note si.gig libis.gig : murus llb-bi ki-is
9a
<(>)mar-[sd] OB Lu A 352; r[li.sa.kala.ga =
lib-bi CT 16 31:94f., also CT 17 11:99f.; libii
§a li-ib-ba- u da-a[n-nu] OB Lu B vi 1, also (com-
pleted by new source) [lui].9b.sig.ga = li-ib-
sag.ls.ga.na.kex : lib-ba §a SAG l1b-bi-u CT 17
6 iii 15f.; udu.libis.ak.a = S9d ana (var. omits)
ba-u [q]d-tu-u ibid. 2, lu.sit.su.gul.ak - §a
lib-bi ep-t Hh. XIII 6.
li-ib-[ba-l]u mu-qd-ra [x1-[x]-u ibid. 3, lu.sa.ghr.
ak = §a [li-ib-ba]-Ju qar-du [i]-pu-.u ibid. 4, na-ba-ru, RiB-hu, .ur-ru, ra-a-fu = lib-bu Malku
li.sA.bar.ra = la li-ib-ba-§u ga-al-pu ibid. 8; V 4ff.; [qi]-ir-bu - lib-[bu] CT 18 9 K.4233+ ii 15;
16.i.s.ul.gig.ab.ses.a = sa li-ib-ba-§u ze-ru- UD-um nu-uh lib-bi = cd-pat-tum Malku III 148;
tam pa-a.-su OB Lu B i 45-46; u1.is.dar = .d-igi-[kdr-ru]-u = bi-bil lib-bi Malku IV 83, Sd-t[u-
[Aa li-ib]-ba-<(u>)he-pu- ibid. v 49, u16.a.ti.ki.il ub-b]u-u = si-rih lib-bi ibid. 82; ha-mi-ta-at lib-bi,
= 9a li-ib-ba-.u FedI-du ibid. 50, lui.sl.i.lugud. mu-si-il-tum = mar-td ibid. 54f.
de.de = §a li-ib-ba-§u d[a-mas] i sa-ar-ka ma-lu-[d] ta-kal-td = lib-bu Izbu Comm. 202; SA.NU.
dUDtG = la fu-ub lib-bi, Sk.TI.LA = bu-lu lib-bi
ibid. 52; lu.a .HAR.ra = [6a li-ba-4u] hu-rsul--u
ibid. vi 13; for similar entries from OB Lu B v 54f., ibid. 164f.; iR = lib-bi, s = lib-bi STC 2 pl. 53
and vi 7-16, in MSL 12 185, see nakdsu, nas~su, ii 36f. (Comm. to En. el. VII 131); SA.stZU
asU; [lu1.ni]g.hul.dim.ma lu-ni-hul-dim-ma mu-de-e sA DINGIR.MES lib-bu ru-d-qu ibid. pl. 62

(pronunciation) = mu-lam-mi- <in> lib-bi KBo 1 ii 28 (Comm. to En. el. VII 35), cf. also d~A.zv
30:14, in MSL 12 214; d16.s.til.la lu-sa-ti-[la] mu-de-e lib-bi ibid. pl. 63:12 and dis.QAR ba-ru-u
(pronunciation) = [ga]-am-ra-at lip-pa KBo 1 lib-bi ibid. 13; §A // lib-bu ACh Adad 7:8; qi-rib f/
39:6', 16.~ .ti.la lu-sa-t[i-la] (pronunciation) = lib-bi (commenting on qi-rib Same) Lambert BWL
bd-la-at A ibid. 7', luh.a.gi lu-sa-ga-ag-ri (pro- p. 76:82 (Theodicy Comm.).
nunciation) = fl-ub lib-bi ibid. 8', in MSL 12 216.
sa.zu gi.pisan.ginx(IM) em.ma.ba.sd.a : 1. heart, abdomen, entrails, womb - a) of
llb-ba-ka kimna pisannu taktumu you (who) have human beings - 1' in gen. - a' in sing.:
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libbu la libbu la
ilput lib-ba-au-ma ul inakku[d] he touched his heart was broken, he was vomiting gall
his heart but it was not beating Gilg. VIII iii Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 92 III ii 47 (OB), cf.
16, dupl. JCS 8 93 r. 12, for other refs. to the li-ib-bi la ittenehpi TLB 4 80:11 (OB let.); Sus
beating of the heart see tardku and nakddu; kun patar siparri ina SA-bi-ka u BE put a
innesil lib-ba-Sd-ma pSda uSpalki her insides bronze dagger in your heart and die EA
were blown up (by the winds), her mouth 254:44; ina patar parzilli ramaniSu kima
was agape En. el. IV 100; miranuaSun ina aht lib-ba-u ishulma with his own iron
muhhi lib-bi-si-nu (var. §A.ME§-s-nu) iplilus dagger he pierced his heart like a pig's (and
nimma naked, they crawled on their bellies terminated his life) Lie Sar. 165, cf. he
Streck Asb. 34 iv 26, cf. ibid. 206 No. 9:10; if a pierced(?) ina patri parzilli MURU 4 -Su lib-ba-
man (dreams that) &A-Su petima irriiupatlu Su MVAG 21 82 r. 3 (Kedorlaomer text), cf. also
his abdomen is open and his intestines are MURU 4.MES-~ A- Labat TDP 106 iv 3; the
entangled MDP 14 p. 55 r. i 11 (MB); if a blasphemy should not rise ultu lib-bi-si-nu u
woman gives birth 1- 4 petima irri NU TUK iaSA&unu [ana Saptis]unufrom their insides
and its (the malformed child's) abdomen is (lit. heart and lungs) to their lips UET 6
open and it has no intestines Leichty Izbu III 410:22, see Iraq 22 222 (inc.), of. the arrow
64, cf. ibid. 65; if a woman gives birth to AR
R §.ga an.da.ab.lA.Am : musakkir
two males (and) Asi-M-nu 1-ma their bellies lib-bi u ha-se-e RA 12 74: f.; I will not
are joined ibid. I 84, (referring to females) permit you li-ib-ba u Ja alla ana nade to
102, etc.; if a sick man qteu ina SA-Su let go (i.e., lie idly on? your) stomach or
iltanakkan holds his hands on his abdomen back Sumer 4 132:5 (MB let.); PN inilma ina
all the time Labat TDP 150:38', cf. rittaSu li-ib-bi PN2 ummija Saknaku imtit PN died
ina lib-bi-SM itanabbal AMT 57,5 r. 1, and passim; when I was still in the womb of PN, my
BA- E.MES you rub his abdomen (with oil) mother PBS 5 100 i 5 (OB), cf. mcraSu ina li-
AMT 14,9:4; take a staff from the hand of the ib-bi PN2 DAM.A.NI izibuma ibid. ii 15; whom
shepherd, recite the conjuration over it seven the gods created ina A ummiSu Streck Asb. 2
times ina muhhi k§A-d taparrikma place it i 5, and passim in Asb., also VAB 4 218 i 4 (Nbn.),
crosswise upon her abdomen (and she will cf. umme dlitti la bandt inalib-bi-6d Thompson
give birth promptly) Kocher BAM 248 iv 5, Esarh. pl. 15 ii 30 (Asb.), see Piepkorn Asb. p. 5;
also 9A-Ad tapaSaS ibid. 17, etc.; note the note nu.gig si.gig : qaditu da lib-ba
sequences: i-ra-su [li]-ib-ba-Su qd-ta-Su se- marsa[t] ASKT p. 82-83 i 11; see also sit libbi
pa-a-Su his chest, abdomen, hands and feet sub situ A mng. 3b-2'.
(are covered with moles) AfO 18 66 iii 9 (OB b' in plural (possibly to be read qerbu):
physiogn.), cf. (moles) ina §A-s4 upon his summa sinniStu A.ME-4a iZsu iSarat if a
abdomen (after papan libbi, abunnatu, and woman's abdomen is small, she will give
before ixR and Gi§) CT 28 26 r. 9 (SB physiogn.); birth easily KAR 206 ii 3 (physiogn.); note the
SAG.KI II -M lib-ba-S4 IGI.MES-S his forehead, characteristic contrast: summa amelu SA.
his stomach (and) his face (hurt him) Kocher ME§-si ... ittanebbitu S -s ana pare etanep
BAM 216:12, note SAG.KI-84 KA-cA 1- i pa if a man's bowels are contracted by
Labat TDP 38:50; summa amelu -s4 NINDA cramps and he (lit. his stomach) keeps
la imahhar if a man's stomach does not retching Kiichler Beitr. pl. 8 ii 17; §A.MES-s4
accept food Kiichler Beitr. pl. 10 iii 6, also na NINDA U KA utarru his insides crave
(with NINDA U KAS) ibid. 4, and passim in med.; (it) but return food and drink Kiichler Beitr.
if a sick person sA iStanassi cries all the
6A-bi pl. 20 iv 44; [DI S]A.ME-s4 SI[G7] (also
time "my stomach/heart, my stomach/heart!" BABBAR, SA5 and M) Kraus Texte 9a: 3'ff.,
AMT 19,1: 30, also Kiichler Beitr. pi. 2 ii 38, Labat but note umma §A.ME§- SAs.ME (also sIG7 .
TDP 32:10, and passim in TDP; note "u-a ME§, MI.ME§, etc.) Labat TDP 120:35, where
lib-bi iqabbi ZA 43 18:71 (SB lit.), cf. Cagni qerbii is the probable reading; for §A.ME§ in
Erra IV 16; h epima li-ib-ba-u ima'a martam med. contexts see qerbii.
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libbu lb libbu 2a
2' parts of the libbu (of human beings and 2' in ext.: aa- u-i4
u li-ib-bu almu CT 4
animals): see sub arkatu, damu, duru, elenu, 34b:8, cf. []Ak alim YOS 10 8:23 and 36, RA
takaltu, tallu.
6A
elitu, idu, kisru, kubru, kubu, kutmu, lipd, 41 50:13, also JCS 11 98 No. 6:12 and No. 4:9,
papanu, redu, amnu, Samdi, Aapldnu, ir'dnu, SILIM YOS 10 2 r. 6, li-ib-bu Salim ibid.
19:20 (all OB and MB reports); lib-bi UDU.
NITA d-lim PRT 16 r. 20; DID §A kima iSki
3' diseases of the libbu and symptoms
immerim if the heart is (shaped) like the
occurring there - a' diseases: see sub
testicle of a sheep YOS 10 9:21; li-bu-um
adamatMu, biSitu, esiltu, jipu, kisu, kisirtu,
epiq YOS 10 41:72, (with Taniq) ibid. 73,
kisru, kuspu, mangu, miqtu, mursu, qerbenu,
li-bu-um kubbutma ibid. 25:64, i-mi-ti li-bi
sibtu, sirihtu, surpu, ummu.
pali ibid. 42:56, and passim in this text, with
b' symptoms: see sub akdlu mng. 6, aSdAu, subscript 94 li-bu-um 94 (omens concerning)
dalahu, ebetu, ememu, em&ru, eselu, ederu, the heart ibid. iv 52 (all OB); li-ib-bu-um S4
galatu, gardru, kasd, mahasu, mahd, mara@u, .. tarik ARM 4 54:10.
napdhu, narabu,paradu, sakdpu, sabdtu; for
3' as a sacrificial offering or a meat portion:
libbu in the list of diseases see MSL 9 92 i Iff.
6A-94 ina pani DN ina burdJi tasarraq you
b) of animals - 1' in gen.: idtu ala indri burn its (the bull's) heart with juniper in-
lib-b[a-Au] ina[ssah] 'after they had killed cense before DN KAR 60:15, see RAcc. 21;
the bull, torn out its heart Gilg. VI 153; UZU.ZAG.LU ... UzU. UZUUZ.SAG.DU u kurs
iptema lib-ba-.u karassu istut he opened its sinndti K.157+ :9 and 13 (namburbi, courtesy
(the wild bull's) belly, slit open its abdomen R. Caplice); UZU lib-bi a alpi u SAG.DU Aa
Bab. 12 pl. 5 K.2527 r. 11, cf. petema lib-ba-Au immeri RAcc. 91 r. 1, also 90:31, cf. he places
ibid. pl. 4:18 (Etana); you kill that bull lib- a golden goblet with flour ana muhhi uzu
ba-Su ... ina pani lilissi taqalla and burn its lib-bi ibid. 32 and 91 r. 2; UzU lib-bi OECT 1
pl. 20:21-23, but lib-bi ibid. 3; UZU lib-bi.ME§
heart (together with aromatic materials) in
front of the kettledrum RAcc. 14 ii 17; li-ib- U UZU A.TI VAS 5 37:4 (NB); kar HAR.BE
BIR.ME§ lib-bu stomach, intestines, kidneys,
ba-Au petima irru[iu was]d (if the newborn
animal's) belly is open and its intestines heart (as a meat portion) ADD 760:4, 1003:3,
protrude YOS 10 56 i 1 (OB Izbu), cf. idtu 1004:4, 1013:6, 1016:3, 1018:3, 1021:3, 1030:4,
li-ib-bi ummisu qarndu [wa]sd its horns 1092:5, wr. A.ME§ 1010:4, cf. also §
GUD
have been out ever since (it came) out of its ADD 1031 r. 4; UZU. A UZU kardu AfO 18
mother's womb ibid. iii 24; summa izbu SA-9i 340 ii 18 (Practical Vocabulary Nineveh).
petima irrusu IGI.MES Leichty Izbu XVI 39',
c) object shaped like a libbu: 1 o[AL l]i-
if a malformed animal TUN §A U HAR NU TUK
ib-bu one (copper) drinking vessel (in the
has no stomach, heart or lungs Leichty Izbu
XVII 72'; if the two malformed animals have
shape of) a heart ARM 9 268:5; 91
Kb.GI
tamld "heart" of gold (with) inlay (weighing
one head, two spines, two tails A-t-nu 1-ma
thirty shekels) EA 25 ii 63f.; 14 lib-bi-e KB.GI
but one belly ibid. VI 22, and passim in Izbu;
YOS 6 192:15, 25, also 62:19, 189:17, and, wr.
sibit i-lu-mi-ku sa li-bi-Au (the bamu-snake)
lib-bi.ME§ (always beside the same number
has seven .... -s in its insides Sumer 13 p.
of golden ul(a)pu) YOS 7 185:17 (NB); note:
93:21 and dupl. 95:10 (OB inc.); ina lib-bi (var.
if the intestines kima Si-kin §A are in the
sA) immeri taSattar Sera you (Sama) write
shape of a heart BRM 4 13:15 (MB ext.); for
the oracle in the belly of the sheep STT 60:15,
NIND lib-bu see akalu usage d.
61:15, and dupls., see Ebeling Handerhebung
48:110; ajar ili ta4abbat 41-St tepetti AMT 2. inside (or inner part) of a building, an
5,1:16; S4UDU.
d TA AMT 85,1 ii 17, ~AKUe area, a region, of a container, parts of the
BRM 4 13:17 (ext.), §A is~ir hurri zikari human body, parts of the exta, inside, pith
AMT 62,3 r. 3, etc., see Biggs $aziga Index s.v. of plants, a type of document, etc. - a)
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libbu 2b libbu 2b
inside of a building, an area: umma igardte ma the donkeys have come up from the
§A biti ihhat asri id if on the inside walls open country CT 33 21:21, cf. (the flocks)
of a house there is crumbling of the plaster ana li-bi ma-tim ittasha TCL 18 125: 12; mdr
CT 38 15:51 (SB Alu); the king knows that I PN a ina li-ib-bi ma-tim ittaggidu UCP 9 353
do the service of the king and lib-bi ekalli la No. 24:11, cf. ina li-ib-bu ma-tim TLB 4 6:16;
adetuni I am not negligent about the the samhard-men who make razzias on the
inner section of the palace ABL 421 r. 3 (NA); cattle, sheep, and goats ana li-ib-bu ma-tim
if the moon is surrounded by a halo and ibirunim have crossed over into the open
MUL.AL.LUB ina ~B-S izziz Cancer is located country Kraus AbB 1 2:10, also VAS 16 59:9,
in its midst ABL 1109:6 (= Thompson Rep. 90), cf. ana erset GN ana li-bi ma-ti-au itebir
and passim in astrol. Bagh. Mitt. 2 57 ii 27; ana li-[ib]-bi ma-tim
attarad UCP 9 360 No. 28:9, cf. ina §1 ma-
b) inner part of a region, etc. - 1' libbi
tim alar atarraduunuti VAS 16 14:28; ana
dli inner city: PN Ja li-ba-li-imu kdrim(!)
the property of PN in the inner city and in
girrim SA
ma-tim Szlechter Tablettes 122 MAH
16.147:2, cf. Aa ina SA ma-tim waSbu ibid. 5;
the harbor UET 5114:2; ukus wadibit li-ib-bi
inuma ina li-ib-bu KALAM ittalkam when he
a-lam immar he will inspect the maintenance comes back into the home country CH §
field (assigned to) those who live in the inner
280:78; IBR A MA.DA a slave from the open
city Kraus AbB 1 29:25f. (both OB), for 9s. country Riftin 119:5; their tablets Sa ina
uruki in BIN 9 see Edzard Zwischenzeit p. 59
li-ib-bu ma-tim aknu which are deposited
n. 273; ina eqlim ulu ina li-ib-bi a-limki in the hinterland CT 4 27b:14, also YOS 2
ARMT 13 107:24; .GURUB 7 a A.bURU ki BE 14
38:11; ana 1 ma-tim ni-ip-pa-ri-ru-ma
5:3 (MB); bit qa-ri-tiSa lib-bi URU the granary CT 2 1:16 (all OB); ina li-bi ma-a-tim .ina
of the inner city HSS 16 356:34, cf. [...] 4a
ne~i innaddaruma two lions will go on a
S .URU AASOR 16 80:9 (Nuzi); URU lib-bi
rampage in the interior of the country YOS
URU KAJ 144:9 and 12; (a field bordering on)
10 42 iv 26, cf. ibid. 33 iii 28 (OB ext.); nakru
1arran lib-bi URU KAV 127:3 (both MA);
ina A KUR Jipirirti ittanallak (see irtu mng.
water from the well of the palace a ura
la-3'c') KAR 428:33, cf. CT 30 48 r. 6 (SB
SA.URU Ebeling Parfiumrez. p. 28:3; Lt lib-bi-
ext.); in Mari: harrdn li-ib-bi ma-a-tim-ma
URUki(?).ME§ UCP 9 111 No. 57:16 (NB Uruk);
ana GN nillik we went to GN over roads
see also alu in ,a libbi dli; note in the titles of (passing) through the hinterland ARM 2
officials: L1 pa-nilib-bi URU KAV 125:6,126:6, 78:32; sabum ana li-ib-bi matim iptatram
cf. Lt MIN Sa §A.URUki UCP 9 101 No. 39:14,
the army dispersed into the hinterland ARM 1
PN URU A.BURU-a-a ADD 326 r. 10; A.AA U
§A a-lim in the open country or inside the
note A.A
5:36, of. ARM 10 31:13, and passim; farran
lib-bi ma-a-te nillik ABL 775 r. 8 (NA).
city KAJ 1:10, and passim in MA,
u li-ba-a-la KAJ 6:11; if a man plants a 3' other occs.: (the wide ocean) [Aa] Igigi
field in the month of Nisannu S~ UmR inside la idi qereb lib-bi-Ad whose innermost part
the city CT 39 7 K.3900:1 (iqqur IpuJ); A.UA even the Igigi do not know Lambert BWL
lib-bi URU lu qanni uar Adad irhis (omen
quotation) ABL 74 r. 1; note with dunnu:
U
128:36; SA AN KI Kiichler Beitr. pl. 3 iii 42 and
44 + AMT 30,7:3; that building kima lib-bi
dunni which is inside
this lot Sa li-bi 5a nURu AN-e ubenni I made as beautiful as the
the fortified settlement KAJ 175:9.
interior of heaven AKA 98 vii 98 (Tigl. I); if
2' libbi mati open country, hinterland: (in a dream) DINGIR ana SA AN-e TU-ma IGI
kaspam u aburdamana li-bi4 ma-tim uegribuma the god enters into the interior of heaven and
they brought the silver and the gold into the is seen Dream-book 327:70; mountains Sa ...
hinterland CCT 2 48:7f., cf. i-li-bi4 ma-tim arru ajumma lib-ba-Au-nu la idu whose
ibid. 24, also 18, a-li-bi4 ma-tim AnOr 6 pi. 6 No. interior no (earlier) king has seen AKA 64 iv 55
18:27 (OA); imri idtu li-bu ma-tim ildnims (Tigl. I); ndram asabbatma qandtim Sa li-
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libbu 2c libbu 3a
ib-bi-im epsid I will undertake (to clean) the text; ina uppi siparriana SA.oiS-S ... tas
canal and I will cut the reeds in it ARM 3 nappah you blow (the medication) through
5:48; kc Sa lib-bi ndri nehi like the calm inner a bronze tube into his urethra Kocher BAM
part of the river ABL 1360:5 (NA). 112 i 22, 25, 28, 31, dupl. AMT 58,6:6 and 8;
uzu.mu.u.su = Ad lib-bi u-ru-la-ti-si =
c) inside of a container: gi.pisan.s h.
pap-pal-tu Ad bir-ki LU Hg. B IV 70 and D 75,
gub.ba, gi.pisan.s.ra.ah, gi.pisan.
in MSL 9 35 and 38, of. ZA 61 58:183, KAR 92:20;
sh.pea.gi 4 .a = ci lib-bi na-du-i (basket)
libbi appi inside of the nose: S.kir 4 .mu =
lined inside Hh. IX 66ff.; gi.gur.s.ra.ah
li-fib-bil ap-pi-ia Ugumu Bil. B 12; libbi nas
= 9d lib-ba na-[du-], sd lib-ba es-[pu], gi. gur.
hiri inside of the nostril: §A na-hi-ri-sc lu
si.pe.gi4 .a = I lib-ba na-[du-u] ibid.
imitti lu umeli CT 28 12 K.7178:10 (physiogn.).
38ff.; 3 ki-u-ri ... aa 50-a-a i <na>mandat me
lib-ba-tc-nu sabtu three vessels whose capac- e) inside of parts of the exta: summa
ity is fifty (measures) of water each TCL 3 martum li-ib-ba-ga damam mali if the inside
396, cf. 397 (Sar.); 12 ildni siparriana A lilissi of the gall bladder is full of blood YoS 10
... tanaddima you place twelve bronze 31 iii 21, vi 44, and passim in this text with ref. to
images in the inside of the kettledrum martu, also jumma martu §A-4 kaluSama
RAcc. 26 i 7, cf. ii 9; lubulta a a lib-be tupmins TAG.ME CT 30 15 K.3841:16, cf. ibid. 49 Sm.
nte garments from the interior part of the 986+ r. 11; if a feature of the exta Sk ME.NI
chests KAV 98:14 (MA let.); salam kadgpi IGI faces the inside of the "gate of the
... ina SA URUDU namse tessi[r] on the palace" CT 31 11 i 23 and 25, also, wr. li-ib-bi
inside of the wash basin you draw a picture E.GAL YOS 10 26 iv 21, etc., 1 KA.DIG.GA IGI
of the sorcerer (with flour) Maqlu IX 157; ki KAR 148:8; SA-s4 BABBAR its inside is white
sa lib-bu a huppu rdquni [li]b-bi-ku-nu liriqu TCL 6 3 r. 8, cf. also KAR 151:16; see also
just as the inside of (this) huppu is empty, paddnu.
so should your inside be empty Wiseman
Treaties 641. f) inside, pith of plants: gi.S..gi = lib-bi
MIN (= qa-ni-e) inside of a reed Hh. VIII
d) inside of parts of the human body: 154, cf. gi.sib.gi = ha-an-du-U = bi-i-bi-is
libbi ini inside of the eye: murussu ana Sd lib-bi GI.MES Hg. II 26, in MSL 7 68; GI.S1.
SA aII-Az illd (if) his disease spreads to the Ga turrar AMT 1,3:10, cf. SA
GI.DiG.GA
inside of his eye Kiichler Beitr. pl. 18 iii 4, cf.
sirihtu a SA IGII1-a AMT 10,1 r. iii 3; merhu
Aa SAIGI I I AMT 12,1:56, cf. also AMT 8,1:21,
AMT 37,1:5; U lib-bu dmN.pS : u qu-qu-bi-nu
Uruanna II 323, U lib-bi, IGaI lib-bi : KUIE.
KUR ibid. 23f.
-
KUB 37 5:7, and passim in med.; [...] SA
IIII-s4 da'mu (also pesp, peli, and arqu) g) a type of document: .mul = lib-bi
CT 28 33:7ff. (physiogn.?), also Labat TDP 24:53, Si-it-ri Ai. III ii 29; s l.mul e.ad.da.na
72:13, 120 ii 34, etc.; libbi uzni inside of PN PN, PNaPN4 PN.ra in.la.la.e.es.m
the ear: s&.gestu.mu = li-ib-bi uz-[ni]-ia OECT 8 4:5, see Landsberger, MSL 1 145.
Ugumu Bil. C 14; amat apsi ca §1 GE§TU 11
h) other occs.: summa Samnum li-ib-ba-
alpi Aa imitti the secret formula for (whis-
u elima if the inner part of the oil is high
pering into) the inside of the right ear of
CT 5 5:39 (OB oil omens); pdnam ana li-ib-bi-
the bull RAcc. 26 i 17; A GESTUII-A4 bi
im tutakkap UET 6 414:5 (OB lit.), see Iraq 25
the inside of his ears smells Kocher BAM 3
183.
iv 14, cf. S GESTU11 -s tuqattar AMT 33,1:32
and 34; §A.oi inside of the penis (i.e., 3. mind, thought, intention, courage, wish,
urethra), possibly to be read mustinnu: desire, choice, preference - a) mind, thought,
A.Gi§-i tumalli you fill his urethra (with intention, courage: dullum ana li-bi4 -ni
medication) AMT 62,1 ii 11, cf. Summa amelu etarab misery has entered our minds CCT 3
§l.Gi-t marys ibid. ii 9, and passim in this 25:26 (OA), cf. dullum ... iterub ana li-bi-ia
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libbu 3a libbu 3b
TCL 1 9:11 (OB); Miti
ina li-ib-bi-ia ib,9
mahridunu aSkun I put whatever deliber-
his loyalty is not with my lord ABL 1052
r. 3 (NB); M itti lib-bi-ia this is on my mind
ations were in my mind before them Bagh. ABL 301:18; DN u DN2 kt iA-iu a ahija
Mitt. 2 57 ii 19, cf. minam li-ib-bu-um liqip limeAdildi may Istar and Amon make her
what should one believe? ibid. ii 6; ana (the bride) look like the ideal of my brother
Sa li-ib-ba-ni gi 4-it-mu-ru-ma ibid. 59 iv 15 EA 19:24, of. [st] ki lib-bi Ja ahija epet
(OB let.); idi ina li-ib-bi-ia-ma kima duls EA 20:30 (letters of Tugratta); inima 1 has
lam tazabbilam I am very well aware that zannu lib-bu-Ju itti lib-bi-ia if only one regent
you suffer ARM 10 141:11, cf. ina li-ib-bi-ia saw eye to eye with me (I could drive Abdi-
i-de-e TLB 4 33:17 (OB let.); ahuja gabbu Asirta out of Amurru) EA 85:67; Sa ina lib-
§A-bi-Au lid'al ana ameli §d[Ju] my brother bi-M mussukat eli iliSu damqat what is des-
should make inquiries about all the intentions picable to one's own mind seems acceptable
of that man MRS 9 111 RS 17.315:21; tazzims to one's god Lambert BWL 40:35 (Ludlul II);
turn mimma ladju li-ba-kM Janiatim mimma la doors made of fragrant woods [Ja] eressina
ubbalam there is no (reason for) worry, your iziqqu lib-bu whose fragrance wafts through
mind must not even think about other the heart 2R 67:78 (Tigl. III), also, wr. lib-
possibilities TCL 14 7:35 (OA); li-ib-bi itanak bu-u TCL 3 246 (Sar.), cited eredu usage b
kalanni RA 53 32 D 18:11 (OB let.); if, when (and correct CAD 21 (Z) zdqu usage d);
he (the patient) has a seizure SA-t e-er Samar hd'it lib-ba nidi sees into the heart of
itebbe(!) he is mentally alert and can move man VAB 4 254 i 12 (Nbn.); a lib-bi iM u
(contrast: he does not know himself, he emuqu la iA andku I am one who has courage
cannot move) Labat TDP 80:3; dibbi akki Ja but no strength BRM 4 6:11; A1 ERIN.MU KI
ina li-bi-ka ana darri ... alt[apra] I have DINGIR.MES KA-mi the courage of my army
sent a report to the king about the matters will be taken away by the gods BRM 4 13:52
exactly as you had in mind ABL 1395:9 (NB); (MB ext.); note: ana pate qereb lib-bi to open
eli ina apteu itammd tubbati aplanu lib- the innermost heart KAR 321 r. 3 (SB lit.); li-
ba-.u kasir nirtu outwardly, with his lips, ib-bi iii kima qereb Jame nesima the intentions
he speaks in a friendly way, but deep down of the god(s) are as remote as the center of
his heart plots murder Streck Asb. 28 iii 81; the heavens Lambert BWL 86:256 (Theodicy);
pigu tarsu lib-ba-si la kini his mouth is dumma li-ba matim idanni if the mood of the
straightforward but his mind is devious country turns (evil) RA 35 44 No. 11:1 (Mari
gurpu II 55, cf. ibid. 56,
cf. also what he has liver model); they said li-bu-Ju Saniu mimma
said ina lib-bi-9i u pilu ibid. 74; when they awutum anitum i-li-bi-su la ibaddi his mind
have installed him KA-u s-u
itti RN lu has changed - (but) there is no different
itti PN will his words and his loyalty be with matter on his heart TCL 19 6:6ff., of. li-bi-ki
Samas-sum-ukin or Nabui-bl-sumati? PRT ilnima Jankowska KTK 18:7', also li-bi-ni
u,.anndma ibid. 4; asser ... halqgkunima u
139 r. 10 (query for an oracle); ajumma a lib-bu-
uh-4 ikappudu lemneti anybody who plans li-bi4-i nashu although I am lost and very
evil things in his heart VAS 1 57 iii 2; aaum unhappy ICK 1 17:10 (all OA); ina uzzisu
puliuti DN ... baMi li-ib-bu-u-a because li-ib-ba-Au lissuh may he (the god) in his
respect for Marduk is in my heart VAB 4 wrath tear out his heart (i.e., make him
116 ii 26 (Nbk.), cf. ul ib$i lib-bu-uk-ki(var. -ku) unhappy) RA 11 92 ii 21 (Kudur-Mabuk); uim
Apsi Iiaramki En. el. I 117; in broken con- lib-bi-M his emotion(?) Gilg. I ii 31; for
text: li-ib-bu-uk-ki PBS 1/1 2:11, lib-bu- expressions using libbu to describe states of
u$-§u ibid. 66 (OB lit.); [$]ubfi amat damiqti mind see also ZA 43 98:22ff. (Sittenkanon).
ina lib-bi-ia(var. SI.Mu) KAR 59: 14, dupl. STT
55:13, see Ebeling Handerhebung 64, and passim, b) wish, desire, choice, preference -
see also baSd mng. 3b; bell lu idi k lib-ba-M~ 1' in gen.: umma li-bi-k tirtakalillikamma
ul itti belia .i my lord should know that if it pleases you, let your instructions come
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libbu 3b libbu 3b
to me BIN 6 33:26; summa li-bi4 -k ihidma irrissu he does not desire his favorite wife
be careful, if you please BIN 6 183:18; summa KAR 26:9 and dupls., cf. SAL L-4 aitabima
li-bi4 -ka-ma umma attama if it please you, AMT 76,1:6, see Biggs aziga 2; see also biditu;
say as follows KTS 6:18; summa li-bi-Su makan li-ib-bi-u lieuib u MDP 10 p. 85:10
luqutam ilaqqma ... Summa la li-bi-Su (MB Elam); ten sheep ana naqe lib-bi ...
luqutam tamlcrum ilaqqe if he wishes, he inneppuS are sacrificed as a voluntary
takes the merchandise, if he does not, the offering RAcc. 78:31; with afar: agar li-bi4 -
merchant takes the merchandise KT Hahn Su illak she may go wherever she wants
24:15 and 18, and passim in OA; Summa li-ib- TCL 21 214A:8; afar li-bi-Ju meralu itarru
ba-ka leqdaSima take her if you want TCL 1 he may take his son wherever he wants
49:21, Summa li-ib-ba-ki ana Sdpirijaluqbima KT Hahn 22:7, cf. aar li-bi4 -Su lidpuramma
VAS 16 18:14, and passim in OB; Summa li-bi CCT 5 13b:6, and passim in OA; ta-at-na-da-an-
belija la amdt may it please my lord that I Ji a-gar li-ib-bi-a VAS 10 214 ii 9 (OB Agu-
not die ABIM 15:12, cf. Summa li-ib-bi PN la Maja); aar li-ib-bi-Su illak Wiseman Alalakh
amdtti Fish Letters 4:39, Summa li-ib-bi abija 22:14, also agarlib-bi-Su-nu illaku ibid. 24:10,
alum la inaddianni Sumer 14 65 No. 39:21 cf. 21:13f. (OB); dBE sarra a k-S4i idakkan
(Harmal); Summa li-ib-bi belija li-ib-bi ana Enlil will install a king of his own choice
marasim bell la iddin biti literrunim ARM 10 Boissier DA 16 iv 13 (SB ext.), cf. Sarra a 1-
90:26, cf. ibid. 87:20 and 24, ARM 2 48:14, it ina libbi ipteqid he (Nebuchadnezzar II)
66:18, cf. umma sma 4-ul li-ib-bi PBS 7 installed a king of his own choice (in Jerusa-
101:15, Summa la li-ib-ba-au TLB 4 93 r. 5' lem) Wiseman Chron. p. 72 r. 13; ana mdrEAu
(all OB); ulaSuma ul li-ib-ba-a la illakam Sa lib-bi-Ju iddan he gives it to the son he
she should not come if she does not want to chooses KAV 1 iv 19 (Ass. Code § 29); note:
ARM 10 176:20; Summa A,-bi Sarri bilija Sa li-ib-bi-ia ulabbad u Sa la li-ib-bi-ia ul
EA 131:10, also EA 108:57, 117:59, 127:26 (all ulabbad (see labadu mng. 3b-1') ARM 2 76:34,
letters of Rib-Addi); [Summa] S-bu-ka ... also Sa lib-bi-ia etepuJ I did what I wanted
[u] summa s -bi-ka MRS 9 145 RS 17.318+:7'f.; Smith Idrimi 72, cf. Sa A-bi-Ju ahija lu ipug
lib-bu-Su-ma mimma iddanaSSe la lib-bu-Su- my brother should do what he wants EA
ma mimma la iddanasSe if he (the divorcing 29:154.
husband) so wishes, he gives her something,
if he does not wish, he gives her nothing 3' after kima, ki, akkt: kima li-ib-ba-ni
KAV 1 v 16f. (Ass. Code § 37); in personal niddin we gave as it pleased us TCL 17 47:8
names: umma-li-bi-ASSur ICK 2 139:1, and (OB); andku ki-i Ai-bi-ia eppuS I will act
passim in OA, see Hirsch Untersuchungen 12 and according to my wish EA 38:18, cf. ibid. 21,
44; Sum-ma-li-ib-bi-DINGIR MDP 22 15:24, ti-pu-Ju-na kima §k-bi-Su-nu EA 125:43, and
cf. summa-li-ib-il CT 33 47a: 16 (OB). passim in EA; they take away the cities kima
SA-bi-Ju-nu as they please EA 109:11; kI 1A-
2' qualifying a substantive: Tita-gar- bi-Su etapaS MRS 9 143 RS 17.228:28, cf. ibid.
li-bi-iS She-Found-the-King-of-Her-Choice 144 RS 17.318:6' and 10', also MRS 6 43 RS
MAD 1 223 index s.v. (OAkk.); Smam Sa li-bi4 - 16.270:29; kg A-u ippussuniti JEN 462:12;
Su liS'am he should buy according to his hita kt lib-bi-Su emmid he inflicts whatever
judgment CCT 2 32a:26, of. TCL 20 129:10' punishment he wants KAV 1 ii 62 (Ass. Code
(both OA); mutu li-ib-bi-Saihhassi the man of § 16), and passim in this phrase; ki lib-bi-Ju
her choice may marry her CH § 137:12, also eppassu he does as he pleases with her(!)
§ 156:16, 172A:39, cf. ana mut lib-bi-Aa tuiab KAV 1 ii 40 (§ 14); [Sa] zittiu Sarru [ki]-i li-
KAV 1 iv 100 (Ass. Code § 36) and vi 69 (§ 45), ib-bi-i-Su concerning his share, the king
and cf. muti [Sa] lib-bi-i ihhas[su] SPAW (acts) at his discretion KAV 2 ii 26 (Ass. Code B
1889 p. 828 pi. 7 iv 36 (NB laws); UD-um li-ib- § 3); atta kt lib-bi-ka epuS AfO 10 3:12, also
bi-Su-nu Cros Tello p. 195:12; SAL 4k-~4 laI EA 4:8 (both MB); ippuSu kt lib-bu-u Cagni
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libbu 3c libbu 4a
Erra I 122; kt lib-bi-Su-nu elliu urrudu they adirtu, ahulap, amatu, bibiltu, biblu, bultu,
go up and down (the Lebanon) at their eritu, ezzetu, gimru, gipSu, gummurtu, hattu,
pleasure Iraq 17 127:8 (NA); dullu ... ki hiditu, himtu, Bipu, hirsu, bissatu, hFdu,
lib-bi sa Sarri belija epuS ABL 893 r. 10 (NB), bipu B, ilsu, irnintu, izimtu, kipdu, kisru,
kt lib-bi-ia luppiS ABL 476 r. 11 (NA), and pas- kinu, kuspu, lumnu, mereu, migru, milku,
sim, note a-ki-i lib-bi-u ABL 965 r. 6, ki pi mursu, nabnitu, nardmu, nemelu, nikiltu,
lib-bi sa sarri belija lipus ABL 893 r. 13 (both niSu, nizimtu, nigu, numru, riksu, sirihtu,
NB); a-ki-i lib-bi-ni BIN 1 36:24 (NB). sumrdtu, surpu, suhtu, Sulmu, sumuru, tags
mirtu, tdnihtu, tasmirtu, tertu, tirsu, uggatu,
4' negated: la li-bi 4 i-li-ma abuni met ulsu, uzzatu.
unfortunately, our father died CCT 4 41b: 3,
also CCT 2 33:2, CCT 4 24b:4, TCL 4 30:3, TCL 3' for verbs describing the processes,
19 34:4, and passim with ref. to death; la li-bi emotions, etc., taking place in the mind -
DINGR-ma auka kaspi ... u4talliq unfor- a' with libbu as subject see abalu A mng. 5d,
tunately, your brother lost my silver TCL 4 agdgu, ami A, &ru,aSdu, dandnu, deki, egeru,
29:10, and see ibissi and kussudu; la li-bi elesu, eneSu, ereiu A, ezezu, gamdru, gapdsu,
DINGIR erSum issabtanni unfortunately, I Nad , amdtu, hami, asasu, Ja dhu, hepi,
have become bedridden BIN 4 35:9; la li-bi idi, kabdbu, kamdlu, kapddu, kasdru, lem nu,
DINGIR-ma ... pirittum isSikinma BIN 4 magdru, maldku, mardsu, na'ddu, nabalkutu,
36:12; la li-bi DINGIR-ma PN Sa-nu CCT 1 nabdtu, nahu, namdru, napdsu, naqddu, na~,
49b: 4, also (with the same personal name) Hecker nesi, paldhu, parddu, paah,, padru,patdru,
Giessen 15:6 (all OA); la li-ib-bi i-la-ma miitum q4pu, qat4, rahdsu, remu, saldmu, s&au,
beli nisi ma-ar(?)-Su itbal TCL 17 29:16 (OB), samdru, Jahdtu, Saldmu, sane, Sapalu, tardsu,
cf. la li-bi i-la CT 42 41 No. 12:17 (OB inc.), tdru, tabu.
see von Soden, BiOr 18 72; Merodachbaladan
b' other occs.: see ahdzu, apalu, asu,
,a kt la lib-bi ilani Sarrilt GN epuSma who
baldtu, baii, dabdbu, deki, ekemu, erebu,
ruled Babylon as king against the will of the
eSeru, hepid, kasi, kesepu, mas4, naddnu, nadi,
gods Winckler Sar. pl. 27 No. 57:5, and passim
nakdru, nasdhu, peh, petd, qabi, rase,
in Sar. in this phrase; epset hammg'e a ki la
sabdtu, saknu.
lib-bi ilani innepsu the rebellious deed which
was done against the will of the gods Borger 4. (in prepositional use) in, among, from,
Esarh. 43 ii 46, of. ibid. 41 ii 26; kima la S belonging to, like, instead of, according to -
DINGIR-ma ina kussi sarriti usimma he a) alone (in the locative) - 1' in, among,
ascended the throne against the will of the from, belonging to - a' in gen.: x silver
god(s) VAB 4 276 iv 40 (Nbn.), cf. 5R 35:25 (Cyr.), li-ib-bu KU.BABBAR sutim(?) TCL 17 20:16,
cited abSdnu usage c; la lib-bi <ili> ABL cf. li-ib-bu K.BABBAR CT 4 27b :5, etc., also,
954:15; exceptional: la lib-bi belija ABL wr. lib-bu KI.BABBAR PBS 8/2 194 i 5, li-ib-bu
912 r. 7, la sA Sarri belija ABL 498 r. 6 (all 1 GUR E YOS 8 160:3, wr.~ S.BA Jean Tell
NB). Sifr 6:1; PN u PN2 li-ib-bu ... L .UNUki.MES
c) in phrases and expressions referring to LIH 10:6; tdlu a li-bu eqlim VAS 7 34:4;
emotions - 1' for adjs. qualifying libbu see a field lib-bu PN Boyer Contribution No. 112:3,
adru, aggu, ahi2, biSu, ekdu, ellu, elsu, emqu, wr. S1 BE 6/2 9:2, 29:2, 123:2, RA 26 105:2',
ezzu, gamru, gapgu, iSaru, kabbaru, kabtu, cf. (a garden) ugdr GN li-ib-bu da bit abiSa
kamlu, kinu, kurid, labbu, marsu, nadru, OECT 3 20:7, cf. also BIN 7 8:30, etc.; eqlum
palhu, pairu, rapdu, ritpdgu, riqu, la sdlilu, li-ib-bu sibit eqlim TCL 11 154:5; PN k-4 PN
,absu, Salmu, Juddulu, ,Siduru,,umrusu, zenid. LIH 17:8, 11, also 42:11, 17, 24 (all OB); iltn
amilu li-ib-bu ERIN.IJ.A raksiiti one man
2' for nouns describing states of mind and from among the equipped men BE 17 44:17
activities (libbu always nomen rectum) see (MB let.); utammika ill rabti Ja SA-i eSeki
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libbu 4a libbu 4a
(see asdgu usage a) ZA 45 208 v 9 (Bogh. rit.); ja Satdra ina umtiSunu BRM 2 17:14, etc.;
lib-bu-uA ta-a-wa-ti En. el. V 63. lib-bu-u ALAM exactly as the statue Lands-
berger Brief p. 8:14 and 17, and passim; lib-bu-
b' in topographical indications (libb and ag4 BIN 1 25:38, and passim; lib-bu-u suti
libbi, NB): a field adjacent to A.SA lib-bu-u according to the rent PBS 2/1 88:9; lib-bu-i
A.AA the field (which was before) part of the nishi §a mdti according to the rate (current
(same) field VAS 1 70 iii 19 and iv 10, Nbk. in) the country ibid. 204:6, cf. u'iltu lib-bu-U
374:5, TuM 2-3 9:6, 9, Strassmaier, Actes du 8e mdti u nisi BIN 1 65:10; lib-bu-4i addagad
Congres International 6:8 and 12, also, wr. A.'S9 like last year CT 22 116:22, lib-bu-u ddtu da
lib-bu A.SA TCL 12 35:5, A.A lib-bi A.§A Sarri ZA 3 151 No. 13:9, and passim in compari-
TCL 12 19:8, TuM 2-3 23:5, etc.; note the abbr. sons in NB legal texts and private letters; note
formula: x cubits (the length of) the lower lib-bu-4 ameli sa itti bel dababiSu harrdna
south front tehi lib-bu-ui A.AA Cyr. 345:10, also illacu lib-bu-it-si4 harrdna ittija tattalak just
VAS 1 37 iv 25, 34, 37, TuM 2-3 8:9, wr. lib- as one who travels together with his personal
bu A.S Strassmaier, Actes du 8e Congres Inter- enemy, so did you travel with me CT 22
national 2:13, wr. SA A. A AnOr 9 19:8, r. 57 f., 144:5 and 7 (all NB).
62f., wr. A-& A.SA BBSt. No. 9 i 5, 8, etc.;
note mised ~-t A.§A exit through the (former) b' in commentaries: A ig-ga-ri-ir lib-bu-u
field Nbk. 164:5; exceptionally with GI: (a A.MES it-sa-am-bu-u' ACh Istar 30:50; UZU
house) DA GI.MES lib-bi GI.MES Moore Michigan GTM GIS.KIB ZI-ih : Sd lib-bu-i SIG.UDU raq-
Coll. 2:3; (a house) DA SA GI.MES VAS 5 103:4. qa(!) the flesh is torn out like a pear - this
means the (coat of) wool of the sheep is thin
c' with suffixes: ilten lib-bu-su-nu one of Izbu Comm. 264a; ummdnka [a-na sal-la-t]i
them BIN 1 13:22, cf. mind lib-bu-us-gci-un i-ta-ri lib-bu-4i DUL.LA // A.DUL.LA // LAH:4 .
LT.UGULA ... janu why is there no overseer LAH 4 / [riddtu] // etelli // Sd-la-lu ina ERIM.HUS
among them? ibid. 25:10 (NB letters); nisirti qabi Leichty Izbu p. 232 ROM 991:3 (Izbu
sarruti unakkimu li-ib-bu-u-Aa I piled up Comm. to Tablet XIV), cf. [... ] x NU ip-pa-tar
therein (in the palace) a royal treasure lib-bu-4 GI§.TUKUL LUGAL i-rab-bi-su [...]
VAB 4 116 ii 21 (Nbk.); note li-ba-Au-u ittasdi will not stop, this means: the weapon of the
(when) he moves out of (the rented house) king will rest ibid. 17, also ina GIS SU u si-
BE 6/1 35 case 23, but i-na l[i-bi-f]u ibid. me-ri lib-bu-u [...] ibid. r. 23; amu7t ibiSallat
tablet 22 (OB). // 1-it ibiSalla lib-bu-4 LUGAL.IM.GI the omen
2' like, instead of, according to (NA, NB, of PN (explanation:) in the first place(?): PN
usually libbd) - a' in gen.: may the gods means a usurper king TCL 6 6 r. i 7 (SB ext.).
establish the throne of the king lib-bu-u ame c' with suffixes: lib-bu-it-s gimir bell lipus
ana dariA like the heavens (lasting) forever YOS 3 45:18; lib-bu-si gimir u kurummdti
ABL 274:11; SIM.MES lib-bu-4 SAR-su-nu
munu figure expenses and provisions in this
aromatics, including their greens RAcc. 14 way ibid. 106:27, cf. lib-bu-4i kurummdti
ii 23; lib-bu-u aga iqabbi speaking in the
Sfbilani ibid. 81:33.
following way ABL 958 r. 14, and passim in
this expression in NB; sumat lib-bu-u mukal d' with sa, used as a conj.: lib-bu-4 a
lime[ti] sa BE NA PA TUK the omens according taqbd umma because you said to me as
to the commentaries to (the series) "If the follows ABL 571:13, cf. (also followed by a)
manzazu has a bifurcation" TCL 6 6 iii 9 (SB ABL 859 r. 11 (both NB), see Dietrich, AOAT 1
ext.); lib-bu-4 atariu Aa tuppi according to 79 and 94; lib-bu-4 a ina Satari Aa IM
the wording of the tablet PBS 2/1 74:8, cf. Aa-tirx(TAR) BE 9 59:5, and passim in such
lib-bu-4 KUS ipistidu according to his phrases, also lib-bu- da ina pani RN as it was
parchment document ZA 3 148 No. 10:18, during the rule of Nebuchadnezzar (II) YOS
lib-bu-4 GID.DA §a sipiri BE 9 80:1, lib-bu-4 6 10:9 and 16, also YOS 3 81:27; lib-bu-4 a
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libbu 4b libbu 5b
andku peme agkunugunu just as I order them ABL 455:18; (a number of persons have gone
VAB 3 87:20, and cf. lib-bu-u a andku sebdku to you, my father) inalib-bi Aa attiasuddirma
ibid. 91:24, also p. 21 § 14:28; lib-bu-u Sd n take care (of them) as if they were mine (and
takaddad until you reach (the number) n send them on) BIN 1 9:10; Aim emdrim i-li-
Neugebauer ACT 200 i 14, and passim in this text. bi 4 -a the price of the donkey should be
charged to me Kienast ATHE 37:23, cf. x
b) in combination with a prep. - 1' in
URUDU ... i-li-bi-ka CCT 5 45a:14, mimma
the locative: two bondwomen ina li-ib-bu 6
annim i-na li-bi4 -i PN ibid. 32a: 18, kaspum
nepiatim CT 4 lla: 1; i-na li-ib-bu uRU.KI
Aa li-bi4 -ka ICK 1 185:5, and passim in OA;
TIM 2 152:41; a field ina li-ib-bu A.A.G.AR.RA note the use of SA.BA in OA for ina libbiu,
CT 8 16b: 1; i-li-ib-bu sibit naggdre Kraus
see Larsen Old Assyrian Caravan Procedures p.
AbB 1 59:13; the straw ana li-ib-bu a-lim
13f.; SA.BA erdbamma la amua on account
litbalu A 3531:17; ina li-bu kalakkim CT 29 of that I did not want to enter Chantre 15:9,
43:22; i-na li-ib-bu IN.NU Sa mahrika from
cf. ibid. 20, cf. also CCT 4 31a:31 and 41 (OA).
the straw that is at your disposal TIM 2142:4;
i-na li-ib-bu kaspim udti TCL 18 151:13; ina 5. ina (ana) libbi (in adverbial use, i.e.,
li-ib-bu ersetim kak-ka-bu-um ma-du-u Gilg. without following suffix or genitive) there-
M. i 11 (coll. W. G. Lambert); Se ... ana li- fore, therein, therefrom, etc. - a) with ina:
ib-bu GN tabdlim VAS 7 203:14; ina li-ib-bu [i]na li-ib-bi-im x seam ... ana PN idin give
2 imi within two days OECT 3 6:8; ina li- x barley to PN from it TCL 17 32:9, cf. ina
ib-bu urrim ... ana Dilbatasanniq ABIM 5:7, li-ib-bi-im x bur eqlum eriA ibid. 5:17, ina lib-
ina li-ib-bu urram ana Bdbili sinqam TCL 18 bi x SiLA hubbul Holma Zehn Altbabylonische
133:12 (all OB); in li-ib-bu ITr.2.KAM VAS 1 Tontafeln 3:18; 2 GUD.APIN a ... takall2 i-na
33 iii 14 (Samsuiluna), and passim with time indi- li-ib-bi-im 1 GUD.APIN lidanninuma (as to)
cations in royal insers., note in A MU.1.A.KAM the two plow oxen that you are holding back,
YOS 9 35 iii 142 (Samsuiluna). let them deliver promptly one plow ox from
them TLB 4 94:6, and passim in OB letters;
2' in the genitive - a' referring to a time
span: ina li-ib-bi UD.3.KAM ndram ... hiri
ina li-ib-bi-im I tanassah you subtract one
therefrom TCL 18 154:4 (OB math.); ina SA
dig out the canal within three days LIH 5:14,
cf. ina li-ib-bi umakkal within one single day ilum nadi there is a depression therein
YOS 10 17:53ff. (OB ext.); five pairs of shoes
ARM 1 138:7; ina li-ib-bi warhim annim ...
aka4gadam I will arrive during the next ina A 1 TUR among them one small (pair)
month ARM 1 5:40; ina lib-bi 3 ITI.MES PBS 2/2 121:34 (MB); ina llib-bi asib he will
live there TCL 12 21:4, cf. mala ina lib-bi
YOS 7 79:17 (NB); ina A ilme uditu igdtu ina
ekalli innappah fire will break out in the ippuA VAS 5 64:9, and passim in NB; 18 ims
palace that same day KAR 153 obv.(!) 3, cf.
mere ina lib-bi iSten immeru kald RAcc. 78 r. 8;
ibid. 4 (SB ext.); for occs. with other preps. reIka ukl ina SA
j SiLA teleqqi (the medi-
see adi A mngs. li, 2e, iStu prep. usage c-3'. cations) will be available, you take one-third
sila therefrom CT 23 23:4; agar usmeta ...
b' in spatial use: []].MABH BA.BA ina lIb-bi Aa-su-ni (see asumittu mng. la)
Babili
PSBA 22 359 K.3089:13 (= AnBi 12 pl. 18), cf. Scheil Tn. II 60, cf. kakki ASur belija i-na
E.MAJH ... . .BA Bdbili VAB 4 128 iv 15 (Nbk.); SA uSeAib Winckler Sar. pl. 32:63, cf. ina lib-bi
for ana libbi, ina libbi, issi libbi standing for altur AKA 353 iii 25 (Asn.), and passim in hist.;
ana, ina, etc., in NA, NB construed with ina §A ana muhhini tarahhus in this respect
various verbs, see the verbs. you may trust us ABL 282 r. 13 (NB).
c' other occs.: ina li-bi-ku-nu iSten one b) with ana: urid a-na lib-bi-im-ma he
among you TCL 7 34:4 and 11 (OB let.), cf. (GilgameS) descended into it (the well)
kima issen TA lib-bi-A4-nu ABL 222 r. 2 (NA); Gilg. XI 286, cf. minamma ... ana lib-bi
note 5a lib-bi-Si-nu andku I am one of them tirid ABL 291:12 (NB); various medications
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ana 61
libbu 5c
tanaddi AMT 55,1 r. 2, and passim in
med. and rit.; ana eberidunu a-na lib-bi ul tabu
libbu
ina idisunu e'ra lib-bi gi-Sim-ma-ri aSta[kan]
AfO 14 149:189f.; for libbu with nasatu
therefore it is not advisable for them to cross (negated) cf. VA8 3 18:7, with kaparu
ABL 277 r. 9, and see the OA refs. cited mng. (negated) VAS 13 100:8 (OB), with nagsru
4b-2'c'. VAS 7 27:5 (OB), VAS 3 97:22, VAS 5 49:6,
110:22, YOS 6 46:9, BE 9 10:9 and 20, 99:7, PBS
c) wr. §A: a golden breastplate A 1
2/1 81:7, 215:6, 115:5, BRM 1 53:8, Nbn. 578:7,
salmu uqqur on it a representation is incised
YOS 7 162:8, BE 8 132:9, BIN 1 117:13, 125:9
RA 43 148:116 (Qatna), and passim in this text.
(all NB); with guarantee clauses (patmassartif
6. woof: 30 MA.NA li-ib-ba-am 10 MA.NA na ari ... naSi): VAS 5 10:9, 11:9, 26:6, YOS
kutam Su.NIGaf 40 MA.NA Ju-gur-rum (for 7 122:8, 126:9; in clauses concerning the
context and translat. see kamidu usage b) delivery or the receipt of libbu: passim in
A 3529:23 (OB let.), see Landsberger Date Palm NB after tuhallu and before gipil, mangaga
p. 47 n. 162. and husabu, q.v.
e) libbi issi: gis.s.gisimmar, gis.s.
7. "heart" (also bud, offshoot, leaf, trunk)
of the date palm - a) corr. to Sum. lagab:
kAdi-da-la.gisimmar = lib-bi is-si, 4-qu-ru,
qa-am-hu-ru-u Hh. III 351ff.
gi .la-gab[lagab.gisimmar] = [lib-bu] Hh.
III 382, cf. [lagab] = lib-[bu] Nabnitu D Ad mng. 2b-2': Landsberger, ArOr 18/1 344.
Ad mng. 4a-1'b': San Nicol-Ungnad, Neubabylo-
(former C) 156, in Landsberger Date Palm p. 5; for nische Rechts- und Verwaltungsurkunden 1 p. 67
the meaning "trunk" of libbu see Landsberger n. 4. Ad mng. 4: von Soden, ZA 41 94, 140f. Ad
Date Palm p. 14 sub G g with the Sum. corre- imng. 7: Landsberger Date Palm index s.v. For
spondences sa
and sab listed beside iir OA forms and spellings see Balkan Letter p. 21.
"root" and pa "crown."
libbu in 3a libbita s.; fetus, unborn
b) corr. to Sum. libis: gis.libis. child; OB, MA, SB; wr. syll. and a §A-Aa,
gisimmar = MIN (= [lib-bu]) Hh. III 383, often Sa g-t; cf. libbu.
cf. [libi ] = MIN (== lib-[bu]) Nabnitu D (for- a) in law codes: if a man marat awilim
mer C) 157, in Landsberger Date Palm p. 5; for the imhasma Sa li-ib-bi-ia ustaddii hits a (free)
meaning "heart" (i.e., edible growing point woman and (thus) causes her to miscarry
at the crown of the tree) see Landsberger Date CH § 209:26, also § 213:47, cf.ina mahdsim sa
Palm p. 13ff. sub G b with the Sum. corre- li-ib-bi-sa uStaddidi § 211:37; he pays ten
spondences s .gisimmar and (IIS.SA. shekels of silver ana §a li-ib-bi-a for her
GISIMMAR. fetus § 209:29; if a man hits a woman ia-a
c) corr. to Sum. pes: gis.pesPi-i. lib-bi-Sa ultasles KAV 1 ii 99 (Ass. Code § 21), cf.
gilimmar = MIN (= [lib-bu]) Hh. III 384, vii 84 (§ 51), 88 (§ 52); if a woman ,aramania
cf. pe = MIN (= lib-[bu]) Nabnitu D (former .a lib-bi-a tassili loses her fetus through her
C) 158, in Landsberger Date Palm p. 5; for the own doing ibid. vii 93, cf. ibid. 102 (§ 53), also
meaning "bud, offshoot, leaf," see Lands- sa lib-bi-Sa tasli ibid. 76 (§ 50); Summa Sa-a
berger Date Palm p. 25f. sub L i and p. 28 sub L llb-bi-a ina sale mitat if she dies while
k, also p. 42 sub N b 1. aborting her fetus ibid. vii 98 (§ 53); kimii a
lib-bi-a maiisana idukku for her (killed)
d) wr. syll.: 2ar li-ib-bi TCL 17 51:12, fetus they will put to death the person who
see Landsberger Date Palm p. 11 sub E b; GIS hit her ibid. 78 (§ 50), also kimii Sa lib-bi-Sa
lib-bi GISIMMAR ina qgdteu lidsi let him carry napSte umalla he makes restitution by
in his hands a date palm branch Thompson (paying) for her fetus as for a living person
Rep. 151 r. 5, for other refs. see Landsberger Date ibid. vii 72 and 68; umma Sa lib-bi-Sa suhrtu
Palm p. 14 and n. 37; a.zu.ne.ne gis.ma. naplStema umalla even if her fetus was a girl
nu gi .pes.gisimmar gar.gar.ra.de : he makes restitution ibid. 80 (all § 50).
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libbuhu libittu
b) in omen texts: if a woman is pregnant agurru, amaru, arhu) Antagal VIII 206, cf. (in
Ad §A-s4 ibakki and her fetus produces a sound same context) sig4 = li-bit-tu Igituh I 374, Practi-
cal Vocabulary Assur 778; sig4 = li-bit-tum,
Leichty Izbu I 1, and passim; erdtu sd A-si-na se.eb = MIN EME.SAL Nabnitu E 182f.; se-eb
SUB.ME-ni pregnant women will lose their SIG 4 = li-bit-t[um EME.SAL] A V/1:101; kul-la
fetuses ibid. III 71; the pregnant woman sIG4 = li-bi[t-t]um AV/1:109, Ea V 22; li-bit BA =
adi Sd AA-Md imdt will die with her fetus li-bit-tu Ea II 304; see also labanu A lex. section.
gis .i.ub.sig 4 = nalbattili-bit-ti Hh. VII A 170;
ibid. 70; eritu i-na Sa li-bi-sa ul iballut Or. NS
sig4 .naga = [li]-bit-ti u-h[u-li] potash cake
32 384:35 (OB flour omens); SAL.PE§ 4 .ME sa A- Hh. XXIV 290; sig 4 .urun.gud = li-bit-ti ka-bi-e
.i-na SI.SA.MES pregnant women will carry dung cake Hh. II 317; [gis.ddr.sig 4 ] = [kiskirru
their fetuses full term LBAT 1499:32, with li-bit-ti] Hh. VII A 175, restored from gis.du r.
NU SA.ME§ ACh Sin 33:23, 52, with unB-di-a sig4 MSL 6 150:92 (forerunner to Hh.); sig4 .a ise
= amaru 9a li-bit-ti pile of bricks Antagal VIII 19;
ibid. 34:25, (in broken context) LKU 119:19 (all
astrol.); see also eritu usage a; Ad A.MU ana
[... ] = si-lu§a li-bit-tim Nabnitu Fragm. 5:3.
uru sig 4 .bi dub.sag.ga.ki : KI.MIN (=
mutija ama£sal (see dagilu mng. la-1') BRM Babilu) alu 9a li-bit-ta-su mahrdti Babylon, the
4 12:37 and dupl. Boissier DA 221:15 (SB ext.); town whose brickwork is ancient Iraq 5 56:8, with
SA §A-a zikar her child will be male Labat Greek transcription Ap(3LOas, see AfO 13 125, cf.
MAOG 4 220; sig4 .ga e.a : li-bit-ti biti BBR
TDP 200:1, and passim, also (with sinniSat pl. 72 Rm. 542:9; su.su.ub u.mu.ni.in.ak.es
female) ibid. 2, and passim, (with imdt) ibid. e.ne sig4 an.ga.am : ama asuma so li-bit-tum-
202:17, and passim, (iballut) ibid. 20, (inaddi) ma (even) if I polish him, he is but a clod Lambert
ibid. 32, (SI.SA) ibid. 27, (usallam) ibid.206:78, BWL 244 iv 29; sig 4 .bi ni.ba im.hul.hul.e
li-bit-ta-t. ina ramaniSu ultatalpit (see lapatu lex.
(udaklal) ibid. 69, etc. section) SBH p. 55 r. 11, cf. se.eb nu KUR en :
li-bit-ta-Su ul-li-lu ibid. p. 92b:37f.; se.eb.si.
c) other occs.: ana SAL e-ri-ti kispu NUr
si.ig.ga.bi : ana li-bit-ti-Sd a Suqammamu
TE-e sa A-Sd la suB-e so that witchcraft (catch line) SBH p. 115 r. 35f.; e.eb .zi.da:
should not affect the pregnant woman (and li-bit-ti E.MIN 4R 18 No. 2 r. 7f., cf. se.eb Din.
that) she should not lose her fetus LKA 9 tirk.s : anali-bit-tim Ba-bi-lu ASKT p. 120 r. If.,
r. iii 8; a SAL annanna marat annanna gd se.eb I.babbar.[....] : ina li-bit-[ti Ebabbar]
Langdon BL No. 16 iv 4f.; see also CT 13 35:3
SA-Ad listeir AMT 67,1 iv 28 and dupl. Kocher cited mng. Ic.
BAM 248 iv 35; eritu gadu a SA-~d Sullumu to
1. brick, mud brick - a) in gen.: summa
keep the pregnant woman well, together with
sinniStu lu tzda lu sI 4 ulid if a woman gives
the fetus gurpu IV 24.
birth to clay or to a brick Leichty Izbu IV 39,
libbuhu see elibbuhu. and passim; summa izbum kima li-bi-tim
if the anomaly is like a brick YOS 10 56 i 8 (OB
libburgu s.; (a part of the house); Nuzi.* Izbu); u tinammuSu Si 4 // la-bi-tu istu
1 ].MES e-gal-lu i 1 E.MES li-ib-bu-ur-Su Supal tappatisi u anaku la inammuSu istu
one main room and one 1. HSS 19 47:16, cf. Supal Sepi arri belija even though a brick
E.ME u li-ib-bu-ur-[...] ibid. 6. should move from under another (brick), I
will not move from under the feet of the king,
libIritu see labiritu. my lord EA 296:17f., EA266:20, also, wr.
libittu (labittu) s.; 1. brick, mud brick, SIG4 -tu EA 292:13; kima elippum du'ati sa
2. brickwork, 3. slab, block, cake (of ummidusima adi inanna SIG4 .HI.A izbilu ...
material other than mud); from OAkk. on; iqbiam he told me that the boat which he
labittu in EA, stat. const. libnat and libitti moored had carried bricks up until now
(libit Winckler Sar. pl. 48: 15, Lambert BWL CT 4 32b:5 (OB let.); ana 12 urhe qaqqad sIaG
60:96), pi. libnatu; wr. syll. and sIa,; cf. iddan edannu ettiqma siao ana sibti illak in
labcnu A. twelve months he will deliver the capital
si-figl sIG4 = li-[bit-tum] A V/i:98, Ea V 19;
(number of) bricks, if the appointed time
si-qa sIm4 = li-bit-tu Sb I 215; sig 4 = l[i-bit-tu] elapses (without delivery), the bricks will be
Lanu I A i 4; [sig 4] = li-bit-turm (in group with subject to interest KAJ 86:7 and 9 (MA); Sim
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libittu libittu
SIG4 .HI.A qani gusiri dalti u tibni §a epe sa had (yet) been laid, no brick mold had (yet)
biti (twelve minas of silver), the price of bricks, been constructed CT 13 35:3 (SB lit.), cf. agar
reeds, beams, doors, and straw for the building ... SIG4 .MES la naddt Weidner Tn. 28 No. 16:97;
of the house Nbn. 231:2; dullu SIG4 .HI.A UD.26.KAM nade sIG4 a DN DN the 26th day
qani u guuiri mala SA.BI ippuS anamuhhi PN is the laying of the brick of Ea and Dingirmah
imannu he shall charge PN for the work 4R 33* iii 20, cf. nandi E ) IG4 KAR 178 iii 14
which he does there with bricks, reeds, and (hemer.); unmma amelu use bUi iptima s04
beams VAS 5 82:11, cf. ibid. 64:9, 78:9 (all iddima if a man has dug the foundation of a
NB); ina bitisu issabat kudurra sa SIG4 .MES house and laid the bricks CT 40 48:29f. (SB
issakansu he caught (the thief) in his house Alu); ga li-bi-it-ti udappirma sa erimti ipug
(and) made him do corvee work (carrying) ahita he removed what (was made) of mud
bricks ABL 307:9 (NA); (various medications brick and built at its side with baked bricks
and) li-bi-tam labirtam ina ellim tustetemma MDP 2 p. 120:3 (MB Elam); qandtim ... ana
an old brick you mix with fine oil Kocher BAM gisalle sa bitim Adtu itti sIG4.I.A atbukgunuti
393:25 (OB); for brick as an invective see (see gisallu A usage a) ARM 3 25:20; SIG4.
Lambert BWL 244 iv 29, cited lex. section. MES u tiddam ina qaqqadijalu azbil I carried
bricks and clay upon my own head VAB 4
b) in ref. to the making of bricks: li-bi-
62 ii 66 (Nabopolasssar), cf. sIG4 mahritu ina
tdm ina da,'im ustalbinma I had bricks made
kiSadija addima Borger Esarh. 5 v 23; igdriia
in the spring AAA 1 pl. 19 No. 1:6 (OA let.);
biditti sa04 adkema I cleared away its walls
ina MN ... ja ina s~mat Anim Enlil u Ea
made of mud brick VAB 4 136 vii 57 (Nbk.);
Ninsiku ana labin SIG 4 .MES epie ali u biti
ue ana kardri sIG4 .MES karmat the bricks
arah dsIG4 nabi umsu ... uSalbina lib-na-
are piled up for laying the foundation ABL
as-su ana dsIG bel usE li-bit-te u dSitimgallu
389 r. 1 (NA); ina aIG4 .ME8 itte'i (whoever)
sa Enlil niqi aqqi I had its bricks made in the
encloses(?) (this kudurru) in bricks MDP 2
month Sitas, which by decree of Anu, Enlil,
pl. 23 v 53 (MB).
and Ea Ninsiku was named the month of the
brick-god (Kulla), (destined) for the making 2' in foundation rituals: hassin abdri
of bricks, the building of cities and houses, inaggmma sm4 mahriti idekku ina biti parsi
I offered sacrifices to Kulla, the lord of idakkan 1 patiru ana pan sIa4 ana ili uge
foundations and brickwork, and to DN (i.e., tarakkas niqi tanaqqi he takes an ax of lead
Chief Builder) of Enlil Lyon Sar. pl. 9:58 and and removes the first brick and puts it
60; tibni sa ana lebe[nu] sa SIG4 .If.A straw for in a secluded place, in front of the brick
the making of bricks VAS 6 224:2, cf. SIG4 . you prepare an altar for the god of the
MES sa tibnu bricks made with straw UCP 9 foundation and offer sacrifice RAcc. 40:15f.,
63 No. 26:4 (both NB); almin lu uSalbin li-bi- of. ibid. 46:17f.; hurdsa kaspa abne Sadi u
in-tim uSaptiq agurra I had (them) make tamti ina udSiSu lu umassi sapum na-WA-ru-
countless (sun-dried) bricks, shape countless tim i.DTG.GA SIM.HI.A U IM.SIG0.SIG07 apldni
baked bricks VAB 4 60 ii 6 (Nabopolassar); for SIG4.MES lu aStappak over the foundation I
other refs. with labanu, see labanu A v. spread (beads of) gold (and) silver, beads
mngs. la, Ib, 3; see also kasd v. mng. 2b; from the mountain and from the sea(shore),
luptiq li-ib-na-as-su I will fashion its bricks below the bricks I poured shining sapgu,
BHT pl. 6 ii 5; iskaratu Sd sIm4 ina muhhini x perfumed oil, incense mixture, and yellow
x isten amelu ana imu 110 sI04 the delivery paste VAB 4 62 ii 51 (Nabopolassar); dS1 0 4 bel
of bricks is hard(?) on us, 110 bricks per man unt U s8I 4 .AI.A VAB 4 220 i 53 (Nbn.), cf. Lyon
per day BIN 1 40:14 and 17 (NB let.). Sar. pi. 9:60, cited mng. Ib.
c) in ref. to building construction - 1' in 3' as a measure of width: 40 s104 ukabbir
gen.: sig 4 nu.sub gi.hti.ub nu.dim : ina 180 tipki ull rAidu I made (the city
li-bit-ti ul nadt nalbanti ul bandt no brick wall) forty bricks thick and raised it to a
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libittu libittu
height of 180 courses OIP 2 111 vii 68 (Senn.), imarrasakkum if you do not hire laborers
cf. x S10 4 DAGAL tamliu x bricks is the width (and) have an iku of bricks made before I
of the terrace ADD 1119 ii 1 and 5, ADD 915 ii come, I shall be angry with you A 3535:24
11; 14 si4 inanalbanijarabtukebbir I made (OB let.), of. 1 GAN SIG4.HI.A ana panija.ulbin
it (the city wall) 14 bricks thick - (bricks ibid. 22; elere[t mu$d]r li-bi-tu-um ten sar of
made) in my large brick mold AOB 1 86 r. 4 bricks Sumer 7 33 No. 3:3, cf. ibid. r. 1 (OB
(Adn. I), also WO 2 42:51 (Shalm. III), cf. 10 SIG4 math.), cf. 6 SAR SIG4 Riftin 47 case 6', also
diiru betdn4 5 sIGo durSu kiddn4 ukebbir TCL 1 92:1, PBS 8/2 148:1, and passim in OB,
AOB 1 136 r. 6 (Shalm. I); 2 sIGa kAbarSu the note: hired men who made 1 GAN siG4 Riftin
thickness of it (the city wall) was two and 53:8; summa [elippum] 1 SAR SIG4 inaSi if
one-half bricks AOB 1 76:38 (Adn. I); note: a boat can carry one sar of bricks (how
may the gods ammar sI4 qaqquru (var. much grain can it carry?) TMB 37 No. 74:1,
qaqqar) lisiqunikkunu make the soil (of your and passim in math.; 80 li-bi-it-ti TLB 1 176:2
land) as narrow as a brick Wiseman Treaties (OB), also (with 90) ibid. 26, and passim in this
527, also qaqqaru ammar s4 1 KiS AfO 8 text; 8 limi li-bi-id-du HSS 13 86:2, also
24 i 6 (AMur-nirari V). counted in niZi, i.e., ten-thousands JEN
630:1, and passim in Nuzi, cf. 65730 SIG4 labittu
d) other uses - 1' to build ovens: see KAV 123:2 (MA), and passim; kt masi li-<bi>-
kininu mng. la. ta-am ipqidam how many bricks has he
delivered to me? TMB 69 No. 141:15, also 70
2' as a ritual table or stool: the young man
No. 142:11 (OB math.); see also zabalu mng.
grinds one large sila of grain and ina muhhi
la; for dimensions of bricks and their count-
sIG4 ina NE aSdgi kamdna inaddi places the
ing see MCT p. 93ff., see also amaru A s.
cake on a brick over charcoal (made) of
aSagu-thorn CT 39 24:30; 4 SIG4.ME S ahd f) glazed or colored brick: 108 SIG4.ME
tanaddi you lay four bricks edgewise(?) KU.BABBAR 108 silver(-colored) bricks ADD
1R 55 No. 2:16; [te]riqqamma 2 SIG4 .ME § a- 932:4; ina li-bi-it-ti sa hurasi sa kaspi Ma
ba-ta Sahut imitti u umeli ,a riksi 1.TA.AM NA 4.Zi.UD t NA 4.UD.UD.AS kukunnd epusma
Stasakkan you go away and place two bricks ana DN addin I built and gave to DN a
each .... on the right and left side of the kukunnd of bricks (glazed) with gold, silver,
offering arrangement KAR 26 r. 19; SIG4 ina white obsidian (color), and pappardillu-stone
panisu tatarras you place a brick in front of (color) MDP 28 p. 31:1 (MB Elam); SIG4 NA 4 .
it (the bull) KAR 60:8, see RAcc. 20; ina bit ZA.GiN ina Subalkutisu when he turns the
dlitte hariti 7 umi linnadi li-bi-it-tum (vars. lapis lazuli-colored brick upside down CT 38
li-bit-tum, sIGa) let the brick (used as birth- 38:63 (inc.).
stool) be placed for seven days in the
2. brickwork: swear by the gods sa ana
house of the woman in labor, the woman in
li-bi-it-ti Mari u rabis [Mari la tu]gallalu
confinement Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 64 I
that you will not harm the brickwork of Mari
294, of. ibid. 288.
or the commissioner of Mari ARM 10 9 r. 19',
e) dimensions and quantities: 3 sIG4 .MES see Moran, Biblica 50 50; SIG4 subbi summa sIG4-
sahertim 1 KUi 3 Su.SI mindati Selaltisina A, la agurrat look at the brickwork (of the
three small bricks, the three of them meas- wall of Uruk), whether (even) the brick-core
uring one cubit three inches VAB 4 76 iii 13 is not made of baked bricks! Gilg. I i 17f., also
(Nbk.); 6 ubanu sIG4.ME dSu these bricks are XI 304; zunnu u radu unassd li-bi-it-tu-'a
six fingers (wide?) HSS 13 188:11, cf. SIG4.ME§ agurri tahluptiSa uptattirma li-bi-it-ti kum:
44[u] 6 ubdnu HSS 16 623:15; note s14, i-ti mia id8apik tildni rains and downpours had
Or. NS 29 279 ii 6', 296 VI D 1 (OB math.), for carried off its brickwork, the baked brick of
half-brick see arhu C; agri ul taggar 1 GAN its exterior had come off and the unbaked
sIa 4 .gI.A ana panija ul twualbamma libbi brick of its interior had fallen down in a ruin
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libittu liblibbu
heap VAB 4 98 ii 2ff. (Nbk.), cf. li-bit-su ippa tallakti with slabs of mountain stone I beauti-
tirma Winckler Sar. pl. 48:15; the city against fied the surface of the road of Babylon
which you march will be abandoned li-bi-tam (used) for the procession of the great lord
reqtam qdtka ikagSad you will conquer only Marduk VAB 4 198 No. 30:4 (Nbk.), cf. S104
empty brickwork YOS 10 42 iii 33 (OB ext.), NA 4 ibid. 299 No. 51:6, 52:3; ina SI04 durminas
cf. zumur s104 (uncert., see zumru usage d-2') banda u s10 4 itiq sadi ... udammiqma I
ARM 2 131:33; sedum lamassum il eribut improved (the processional street) with slabs
Esagila sI04 Esagila igirre imisam ina mahar of breccia and mountain-quarried stone slabs
DN ... lidammiqu may the Sedu and VAB 4 132 v 43 (Nbk.); for cakes of potash
Lamassu, the protective gods at the entrance and dung see Hh. XXIV, Hh. II, in lex.
of Esagila, (and) the brickwork of Esagila section.
daily give me good reputation before Marduk Baumgartner, ZA 36 239 n. 2.
CH xli 51, cf. xliv 76, cf. sedu lamassu dingirs
gubbi li-bit Esagil Lambert BWL 60:96 (Lud- libitu see limitu.
lul IV), also li-bit-ta-.u liktarrab (said of liblibbu (libbilibbi, liplippu, lipilipi) s.;
Esagila) Pinches Texts in Bab. Wedge-writing 1. offspring, descendant, 2. offshoot of the
15 No. 4:6; kima bell idz i tu iammurapi li- date palm; from OB, MA on; wr. syll. (often
bi-it-tim 9a GN innadil as my lord knows, the lib-lib-bi, in Ass. also with p, e.g.: li-ip-li-pi
brickwork of Bisu has been laid since the Borger Esarh. 35 § 23:5, ABL 358 r. 1, li-ip-li-ip
time of Hammurapi CT 2 20:5 (OB let.), cf. Borger Esarh. 118 § 95:4, li-pi-li-pi Surpu
idtu sI04 GN ibbaniu CT 37 3 ii 55 (Samsuilu- p. 50:12) and SA.BAL.BAL (from MB on,
na); epdama Bdbili ., . lib-na-at-su lippatiq: LU.SA.BAL.BAL in SB colophons only); of.
ma En. el. VI 58; ina qibitika mafdzi ill libbu.
ibbanni ippattiq li-ib-na-at-saitaddadsukkam 4S-bal-bal NUMUN = lib-lib-bi, TUR.TUR-ri (=
utaklal ekurra upon your (Marduk's) orders mnrmnri) Ea II 105-105a; nunuz = li-i-pu,
the holy city of the gods will be built, [...].pe ,4 = MIN (= li-i-pu) ru-qu, li-ip-li-pi,
its brickwork formed, its cella renovated, NUMUN = mar-ma-ru Antagal C 67ff.; [x.p]es =-
li-ip-li-pi Lu Excerpt II 164e; KUL.KUL.e = li-i-ip-
the sanctuary completed VAB 4 148 iv 9
[li-pi] N 970:7 (OB gramm.).
(Nbk.); eli temenna RN ... ubdn la ase ubdn [pes].tur.zi = lib-lib-bu Antagal VIII 57-60,
la erebi ukin lib-na-at-su on the foundation also Nabnitu C 159; giS.zu.giimmar = zu-i =
platform (built by) Naram-Sin I laid its lib-lib-bu Hg. I 31, in MSL 5 142.
brickwork, deviating not a finger's breadth pes.tur.zi.dEN.ZU.nadNin.[gal.la.kex(KID)]:
llb-llb-bi Ma Sin u Nin[gal] (8amas) offspring of Sin
outside or inside VAB 4 226 ii 65, also RA 22 57 and Ningal BA 10/1 66 No. 1:5f., of. pe .tur.zi
ii 13, CT 34 33 iii 2 (all Nbn.), and passim; kima kir 4 .zal.mah E.KI.kex : lib-llb-bi(var. omits
SIG4 Etemenanki kunna assiati just as the -bi) muttalli sirim a Uri (Ningublaga) noble first
brickwork of (the tower) Etemenanki will offshoot of Ur RA 17 152 ii 6, dupl. KAR 48
stay firm forever VAB 4 64 iii 43, cf. ibid. 66 ii fragm. 2 ii 7, see ArOr 21 374.
bi-in-bi-num = lib-lib-bu CT 18 7 ii 3; te-ni-qa =
18 (Nabopolassar); lib-na-as-susa NA4.dLAMMA li-pi-li-pi suckling = offspring 8urpu p. 50:12
its (Ezida's) brickwork is of lamassu-stone (comm. on mamit darkati u teneq Surpu III 9);
ZA 53 238:7,cf. li-ib-na-at bitihu (in broken SA.BAL.BAL : llp-pi-li-pi UET 4 208:13 (comm.).
context) SEM 117 ii 18 (MB lit.).
1. offspring, descendant - a) referring to
gods: lib-lib-bi Sarrati dumuq [...] (between
3. slab, block, cake (of material other than
ilittisarratiand mdratSarri,said of Sarpanitu)
mud): sIG4 .GU KIN.ME§ kima Aa ere maz
K.6866:5; see also BA 10/1, RA 17, in lex.
tultibil[aSu] you sent him slabs of gold as
section.
though they were copper alloys EA 19:38
(let. of Tusratta); 18 SI0 4 .ME§ Sa anniki 18 b) referring to kings: AiSur spoke in a
slabs of tin Scheil Tn. II 71; sul GN ana dream to the grandfather of the king, my
Sad1ha bdli rabt DN ina s104 aban adt ubannd lord, (saying): sarru bil arrini lib-bi-lib-bi
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liblibbu liblibbu
sa NUN.ME u Adapa king, lord of kings, uballit AOB 1 62:27, Assurnasirpal marmdri
offspring of the apkallu and of Adapa ABL sa Adad-nirari ... lib-lib-bi a (var. omits)
923:8 (NA); li-ip-li-pi (var. li-id-da-tit) gars AJdur-ddn AKA 264:30, cf. (beside marmari
ritti andku I am a royal offspring Streck RN) [li-i]b-li-bi Sarru-kin Streck Asb. 252 i 3,
Asb. 6 i 40, cf. jdti RN lib-lib-bi Sarrute wr. SA.BAL.BAL BBSt. No. 10:12, AnOr 12 303
OECT 6 pi. 11 K.1290 r. 11 (Asb.); ildni rabite i 8 (SamaA-gum-ukin); Cyrus marmari Kuras
... tdbtu de'iqtu ana li-ip-li-pi Sa Sarri belija SA.BAL.BAL SilpiS 5R 35:21.
... lipuSu may the great gods requite the
c' great-great-grandfather: Sin-sar-iskun
kind deed to the offspring of the king, my
SA.BAL.BAL arru-kin KAH 2 133:6, also B6hl
lord ABL 358 r. 1 (NA), cf. (the loyalty oath
Leiden Coll. 3 34:15.
which Zakutu imposed on the officials with
respect to Assurbanipal) DUMU SA SA-bi-§d d) in other genealogies - 1' in MB
i(!) issi nise mti gabbu her own son (error kudurrus: mar PN ... sa abi abi.u PN2 li-pu
for sit libbi?) and on all the people of the reb4 a PN3 SA.BAL.BAL Arad-Ea the son of
country ABL 1239:11 (NA). PN, whose grandfather is PN,, the fourth
offspring of PN3 , the descendant of Arad-Ea
c) in royal genealogies - 1' with ref. to a BBSt. No. 5 ii 3 (MB kudurru), wr. I.BAL.BAL
dynastic ancestor: Hammurapi li-ib-li-ib-bi Arad-Ea Hinke Kudurru iii 14 (Nbk. I), for
sa RN the descendant of Sumulael (followed this family see Lambert, JCS 11 9f.; PN mar
by aplu) CH iv 67, cf. Ammiditana sa. PN2 SA.BAL.BAL PN3 BBSt. No. 28:1 (kudurru
bal.ba[l] Sumulael LIH 100:8; Mar. from the time of Nabu-apla-iddina).
duk-apla-iddina A.B.BABAL Kurigalzu BBSt.
No. 5 i 25 (MB); Agumkakrime mdr RN li-ib- 2' in colophons: tuppi PN mar PN2 [s]A.
li-[ib-bi] sa Abir[uttas] 5R 33 i 14; Ninurta- BAL.BAL PN3 Thompson Gilg. pl. 58 K.3475:4,
apil-Ekur lib-lib-be(var. -bi) sa Eriba-Adad and passim, wr. LIT.SA.BAL.BAL TCL 6 4 r. 19, 5
AfO 4 5 i 37 (MA king list), var. from JNES 13 r. 54, replaced by A BRM 4 13:81, 21:26, and
218:28; Tiglathpileser lib-lib-bi Sa Ninurta- passim in colophons, see Hunger Kolophone p. 166
apil-Ekur AKA 94 vii 55, Esarhaddon li-ip-li- s.v. ipuu.
pi Bel-bani apil Adasi Borger Esarh. 35 § 23:5,
3' other occs.: sa.bal.bal PN ui .bal.
cf. ibid. 74:28, JCS 17 130:14, also, wr. li-ip-
bal PN2 ... igi i.bi.in.zag.es the heirs
li-ip Borger Esarh. 118 § 95:4, wr. lib-lib-bi
(var. SA.BAL.BAL) Sarruti sa Bel-bdni ibid.
of PN and the heirs of PN2 have selected
81:48, var. from K.221+, (Sargon) SA.BAL.BAL
(several plots) PBS 8/2 129:19f. (OB), referred
Be[l]-bdni Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 v 40 (Asb.);
to as ibila.PN.kex.ne ibila.PN2.kex.ne
Nabui-uma-iskun li-ip-li-pi a Jakin AfO 20 ibid. seal, see JCS 3 149ff.
94:102 (Senn.). 2. offshoot of the date palm: see Antagal
VIII, Nabnitu C, in lex. section; [l]i-ib-li-bi-ia
2' with ref. to the grandfather, great-
etallal[u] my (the date palm's) offshoots are
grandfather, great-great-grandfather -
entangled Lambert BWL 160:23; itti 1 GUR
a' grandfather: Assurbanipal SA.BAL.BAL
tuhalla ... lib-lib-bi mangdga ... inandin
Sin-ahhe-eriba sit libbi Asur-aha-iddin
with each gur (of dates) he will deliver
Thompson Esarh. pl. 14 i 7; Adad-nirari III
apil gamsi-Adad ... lib-lib-bi sd Sulman-baskets, l., fibers (etc.) VAS 3 179:9, cf. ibid.
167:7, TCL 13 182:30, BIN 1 116:9, 119:9, 128:9,
aSarid 1R 35 No. 3:21, but lib-li-bi Sa Bel-
and passim in this clause with other by-products,
kapkapi ibid. 23; Nazimaruttas mar Kurir
wr. lib-bi-lib-bi YOS 6 49:14, YOS 7 105:6,
galzu A.BAL.BAL Burnaburiad MDP 2 pi. 16
181:12, BIN 1 129:9, VAS 3 150:8, Dar. 313:3, and
i 4.
passim; itti 1 GUR lib-bi-lib-biu mangdga mahir
b' great-grandfather: Adad-nirari I mars with one gur (of dates) he has received the
miri Ja Enlil-Nirdri ... li-ip-li-pi sa A.Sur- leaves and the fiber AnOr 8 62:13; 250 lib-
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libnu li'bu A
lib-fbil ana epee ana PN nadnu 250 leaves will be driven out Kocher BAM 147:12 and
given to PN for work Nbn. 240:1, cf., wr. 148:12; gumma marsu ina ,eirti iltenebbu u me
lib-bi-lib-bi Nbn. 385:1 and 6. magal iattili-'-bu DIB-SU if a sick man groans
The refs. to liblibbu and *liplipuare united continuously in the morning and drinks much
here, since lip lipi and lib(bi) libbi occur water, it is 1.-disease that has seized him
interchangeably from OB on. The logogram Labat TDP 176:1; ,a li-bu sabtuSu whom
SA.BAL.BAL first appears in Akk. texts in 1.-disease has seized ZA 45 202 i 36, 206 iii 35
early MB times; for Sum. context see mng. and iv 24, and passim in this text.
ld-3', for s..bal in Sum. see also Romer 3' with isf/rai: if a man umma sarhali(!)-
Kanigshymnen 61 n. 108a.
'-ba TUK has a high fever (and) 1.-disease
Landsberger Date Palm p. 28 f. with n. 84, Kocher BAM 66:21; umma sarha li-'-ba danna
p. 35, (ad mng. 2) p. 42ff.
u zu'tam ma-'-tam irtanagi again and again
libnu see labnu s. he has high fever, grave 1.-disease and much
sweat ZA 45 208 v 18 (Bogh. rit.); umma
lib§u s.; garment, clothing; OB; cf. labdau. serru ... qdtdSu napha li-'-ba magal isi hae
Saltum ki li-ib-Si nezuhat tuqumtam Saltu marus if the baby (has yellow spots, colic),
is wrapped in battle as in a garment VAS 10 his hands are swollen, he has much 1., he
214 r. vi 6 (OB Agusaja); ishut li-ib-sa-am suffers in the lungs Labat TDP 220:29; Summa
istenam ulabbiSSu li-ib-[Ja-am] Saniam Si ... umma munga li-'-b[a] tddirtu TUK-9i if
ittalbas she took off one of (her) garments he has fever, paralysis, 1.-disease, depressions
and clad him with it, with (her) second Kbcher BAM 231 i 4; amelu si [UD.D]A TAB.
garment she clad herself Gilg. P. ii 27 and 29; BA-ma l[i]-'-ba TUK this man suffers from
ilbas li-ib-sa-am ibid. iii 26; ula iltabaS li-ib- setu-fever and has 1.-disease Kocher BAM
su pa-ag-ri(-)a 4-[...] UET 6 396:22, of. 146:46.
ibid. 28.
4' with kullu: umma Serru umma li-'-ba
li'bu A (libu, lebu) s.;(a disease); OB, ukal u iktanassa sibit LamaSti if the baby
Bogh., RS, SB; wr. syll. (li-bu Craig ABRT 1 has fever and 1.-disease and keeps getting
81:14, CT 20 28:3, see la'dbu) and DIH; cf. chills, it is the grip of Lamastu Labat TDP
la'dbu. 224:51.
de-hi DUB = li-bu MSL 2 p. 136 line k (Proto-Ea);
di-ih DUB = li-'-bu A III/5:13; su-ul UL = le- 5' other occs.: li-'-bu ina KUR GAL
e-bu // mur-su a§-§um [...] A VIII/3 Comm. r. 23. 1.-disease will be in the country ACh Samar
imin.am dDIM.ME.A sed 7 .de hul.a.mes :
10:91 and 95; [m]iqtu li-'-bu di'u ... ummu
si-bit la-ba-si li-'-bu lem-nu-tum CT 16 14 iii 23f.;
nam.tar dih.ME.ginx(GIM) lu.ra ba.dih : d sili'tu alluhappu li-'-bu uqququ u assatu
ki-ma li-i-bu Lf i-le-'-i-bu (see la'abu) CT 17 29:9f. Kocher BAM 338 r. 6 and 9, and dupls., see Walk-
li-'-bu = zi-ir-qu Malku VIII 161; li-'-bu, um- er, BiOr 26 77; li-'-bu(var. -ba) labdsu urgule
mu = hu-un-tc An IX 40f.; li-'-bu = mur-su
STT 138:20, var. from Kocher BAM 338:21, see
Malku IV 57; [x] = ga-ra-bu,gara(GAN)-bu = li-'-bu
Meissner Supp. pl. 7 K.4166 ii 8 (astrol. comm.). Walker, BiOr 26 77; [a-S]u-4 samdnu amurriqnu
ahhdz[u ... um-m]u(?) li-i-bu Al-mu Al-la-mu
a) in gen. - 1' with la'abu: see la'Jbu di['u] Ugaritica 5 No. 17:23 (inc.); umma li-'-ba
mng. la. u tirku inagirea u er'dnia (if a woman has)
2' with sabdtu: for li-ih-bu-um (var. to fever, 1.-disease and dark spots on her flesh
la-ah-bu-um) CH § 148:68 and 76, see la'bu s.; and veins Kocher BAM 240:59; umma li-'-bu
da ummu dannu li-'-bu isbatanni I, whom a lab.sa mald upndja my hands are filled with
high fever (and) 1.-disease have seized Scheil fever, 1.-disease, and the labgu-demon Surpu
Sippar No. 2:5, see Ebeling Handerhebung 8; urnms V-VI 124; ina dineri dum-ma ina ,aladderi
mu dannu li-'-bu ,d DIB-u innasscabt the high dli-i-ba at the twelfth (door) the fever-demon,
fever (and) I.-disease which have seized him at the 13th, the 1.-demon EA 357:73 (Nergal
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li'bu B liddu
and Ereikigal); I.NI.BIL :t li-'-bi s&ku ina mafihi ... ina kissat li-da-n-e MUTEN ana
.amni paAdAu plant for 1.-disease, to crush PN nadin 55 measures of food for young
and rub on with oil Kocher BAM 1 i 43. birds given to PN Nbn. 1055:17; 50 GUR
uttatu kissat 750 MU§EN li-da-nu fifty gur of
b) li'bu (a) gadt: 9a ... li-bu ... li-bu
barley, food for 750 young birds Camb. 421:7,
HUR.SAG-i sabtu whom the 1. and the 1. of
cf. ibid. 10f. and 13f., cf. x li-da-nu (beside
the mountain have seized ZA 45 206 iv 19 and
grown ducks) YOS 6 141:8, 11ff., 22, 24ff., cf.
21; ana sibit li-'-[bi Jad]t naschim in order
MUTEN li-da-nu ibid. 1, and parallel 15:13, wr.
to wipe out the grip of the 1. of the mountain
MU§EN li-da-nu ibid. 3 and 8, also 150 UZ.TUR
ibid. 200 i 1 (Bogh. rit.), cf. [li-']-bu sibit .adt
li-da-nu Camb. 194:4; 13 li-da-ni MUSEN.ME
DIB-84-ma ibid. 208 v 15; .umma aqqassu em
Sa UZ.TUR.MUSEN.ME GCCI 2 239:1; x uttatu
reS appisuqdtdu u epdu kca DIIj KUR DIB-
ina qd-me li-da-nu ana PN nadin Nbn. 29:2.
su if his head is hot, but the tip of his nose,
his hands, and his feet are cold: the 1. of the b) brood of snakes: (the eagle) urdamma
mountain has seized him Labat TDP 24:51; itakal li-da-ni-ia came down and ate my
ina HUL .uruppi uIburbdAu li-bu 4d KUR-i (the snake's) young ones Bab. 12 pi. 14:18 (OB
Craig ABRT 1 81:14; lu li-'-bu sibit KUR-i lu Etana).
bennu rihit
d ulpaea be it the 1., the grip of c) the young of sheep and goats: 1 li-da.
the mountain, be it the epilepsy, the offspring ME§ (beside sheep) ADD 753:2, 6 tTZ.MES 3
of DN Maqlu II 56.
li-da.MES ibid. 6; uncert.: 300 UDU.ME Sana
With the exception of the lex. passages li-da-[...] Iraq 25 99 BT 131:5 (NA).
which clearly point to a skin disease and the d) bastard, child of a slave girl: rPN u
refs. from the syn. lists which explain li'bu by li-da-nu-[a] alajuZ a PN, u maredu sunu
words for fever (see la'bu discussion section), IPN (the freed slave girl) and her children
the passages cited do not give any clue as are villagers of PN, and of his sons KAJ 7:21,
to the nature of the disease. cf. ibid. 28; IPN adi li-da-ni-sa amtu 9a PN,
li'bu B (libu) s.; (physical) beauty; lex.* rpN together with her children is a slave of
ni g.alam. zil. z i 1 g-lam-i-iz-z i-il - li-i(var.
PN, KAV 211:4 (both MA); if a woman does
-i')-bu (in group with zimu, bunnanil) Erimhu TI not wait the required five years for her hus-
14, cf. [SIG 7 ].ALAM = li-[il-[bu] Imgidda to Erimhus band gone on a campaign but goes to live
A 21. with another man and bears him children,
IHbu see li'bu A and B. when her husband returns ana udisa u li-da-
ni-Ja-ma ilaqqAunu he will take both her
lldanu s.; the young (of an animal), brood and her bastards KAV 1 v 14 (Ass. Code § 36);
(of birds, snakes), bastard, child of a slave mdreka biiaka u li-da-ni-ka [I will ... ] your
girl; SB, MA, NB; cf. alddu. sons, your property and your bastards
[
[A]MAR a-ma]r musen = at-mu // li-da-a-nu = (threat or curse) STT 40:39 (let. of Gilg.).
mar iq-su-ri Hg. C 38, in MSL 8/2 173; L1.LAGABte-
es-lu-ugmuien = at-mu = li-da-nu Hg. B IV 283, liddananu s.; (a plant); plant list.*
in MSL 8/2 169.
li-da-nu = ma-a-ru Explicit Malku I 174j;
It tam-ail EME.UR.KU : t lid-da-na-nu Uruanna
III 427.
si-im-bar = li-da-nu JRAS 1917 103ff.:44 (Kassite
Voc.), see Balkan Kassit. Stud. p. 4; mSim-bar- liddatu see littu C.
Si-hu = mLi-dandMarduk, mU-lam-Bur-ia-a-ac =
mLi-dan-EN.KUR.KVR 5R 44 i 24f., mU-lam-Har-be liddu (ledu) s.; (a wrap); MA.*
- mLi-dan-dEn-ll ibid. iv 1, see Balkan Kassit.
lid-du = tap-su-u An VII 266.
Stud. p. 2.
A woman of the harem is not allowed,
a) brood of birds: li-da-nd-e la barbaqni without express permission, to send for TIG
lamdi BIl kima kilili (for translat. see kililu A la qabli TIeG le-e-di pasiiite a .... -garment,
mng. Ic) JSS 4 9 K.6082:8 (SB lit.); 55 white 1.-s AfO 17 274:43 (MA harem edicts).
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lidi§ liginnu
lidi§ see ullitig. liginnu s.; tablet (containing texts or
excerpts, especially for teaching purposes);
lIdu s.; bastard; OB*; cf. alddu.
OB, SB, NA, NB; pl. liginnatu; wr. syll.
sai'-du Nigga 300.
li-du = ma-ru Malku I 147, cf. li-du = ma-a-ru
and IM.GiD.DA.
Explicit Malku I 174e, li-i-du = MIN ibid. 177; [im.gid.da] = [li-gin]-nu, [im.li.gi.in] =
lid-du = ma-a-ru LTBA 2 2:291. [MIN] Hh. X 445f., restored from im.li.gi.in.
su.ur.ra, im.gid.da.su.a.rara = se-e-ru Sa IM.
adAum li-di- u u bit naptariduitagim ezub
GfD.DA Nabnitu E 252f.; [li-gi-in] [IM.x.x] =
la suluppi ina tibnim ... qdti kalima ittasab [l]i-gi-nu Diri VI A 12f.; im.gi = li-gin-nu,
in order to provide for his bastards and his girginakku Hh. X 460f.
inn he has made me lose my entire claim not [...] ga.mu.ra.ab.sar : [... li]-gi-in-na-ka
only on the dates but also on the straw anita lu tur I will write you a second (exercise)
tablet Gadd, BSOAS 20 264 K.4815:5 (bil. 6.dub.
TLB 4 52:11. ba text); you are not able to fashion a tablet
im.li.gia.in su nu.e.da.ra.ra.an you are not
The lex. equivalence with sa is obscure.
able to put a clay slip on a 1. Dialogue 3:63
For other refs. see liddnu. (courtesy M. Civil).
ligimfi (nigimmd,nagimu) s.; offspring, bud, a) in gen.: persons Sa 1 li-gi-ni-im
offshoot; OB, SB. (registered) on one note tablet ARM 7 120:4,
li-gi-ma (var. li-gi-in) GI .I.TUR.TUR = li-gi-mu-u and passim in this text; arru liqbi Sitta li-gi-
(var. -um), [...]-u, ziqpum, niplum, [,Vit]lum na-a-te Sa sAti lidurru Sitta Sa bar4te li9kunu
Proto-Diri 122ff.; GI§.I.TUR.TUR = §U-u (var. ni-
gim-mu-i), pir'u, niplu, ziqpu, Sitlu Hh. III 268ff. let the king give orders that two excerpt-
GI§.~§.TRTUR.Tu.bi a ib.ta.an.d6.e : l[i]-g[i]. tablets with commentaries should be removed
ma-a-sic A.ME§ [i]-ga-aq-qi he will irrigate its (the (and) two of the baritu-seriesput in (instead)
date palm's) offshoots Ai. IV iii 28. ABL 722 r. 2 (NA), see Parpola LAS No. 116;
li-gi-mu-u = se-eh-ru Malku I 142; li-gi-mu-u =
ma-ru ibid. 153; rlil-gi-mu-l, na-gi-mu = pi-ir-hu
ganiti IM.GiD.DA alamdimmd ahdtu second
CT 18 2 iii 19f. excerpt-tablet of non-canonical omens of the
physiognomic omen series Kraus Texte 23 r. 8,
a) offspring -
m[a-a ... ]
1' in gen.: [u]btenni li-gi-
I looked after the offspring
also (with ualulti)
24 r. 14, cf. also 25 r. 13, 26
r. 4, aa p 3-ti IM.GID.DA ibid. 27a IV, 27b IV;
Lambert BWL 76:128 (Theodicy). IM.GID.DA 1.KAM.MA Kocher BAM 11:37; for
2' in genealogies in colophons: PN samlH IM.GID.DA PN excerpt-tablet belonging to
[... ] li-gi-mu-u PN, KAR 111 r. 4, STT 40:46, PN, see Hunger Kolophone p. 163b s.v.
STT 71:69, Lambert BWL 62:3; note PN amli b) liginna qabi to recite from a 1.-tablet:
[TUR li-gi]-mu-u A PN, STT 92 iv 16. 9a ina pan mar Sarri tapqidannimaummdndu
b) offspring of animals: li-gi-mu-d arki andkuni li-gi-in-nu aqabba.Juni that you
masi gittindu (the cow's first calf is puny) (the king) have entrusted me with (the
her later offspring is twice as big Lambert education of) the son of the king so that I am
BWL 86:261 (Theodicy). his teacher and recite to him the exercise
tablet ABL 604 r. 9, see Parpola LAS No. 34;
c) bud, offshoot: for the date palm see anagullum 4arrdni beleni li-gin-nu kt <n>iqbi
Ai. IV iii 28 in lex. section, and cf. x GUR ilii uzne rapaatu u libbi rapgu iltaknukunii
uhinu GI.SAR li-gi-mu-u TCL 11 158:4 (OB); when we prayed (lit. recited the 1.) for the
.e-am ina li-gi-me-4 immarha an-na-t[u ... ] well-being of the kings, our lords (Assurbani-
the barley became affected by ergot in its pal and Samas-sum-ukin), the gods granted
shoot ZA 4 240 iv 9 (SB lit.); in transferred
you (pl.) broad understanding and a generous
mng.: il-li-gi-mi-ia-a-ma ta-em ili ash[ur] heart ABL 878:6 (NB); PN PN annte ina Sa
in my budding age I sought the will of my li-gin-nu iqabblni PN and PN,, these are the
god Lambert BWL 76:72 (Theodicy). two who recite the excerpt-tablet ABL 447:4;
In RA 46 90:47 read [I-gi]-gi-mi. at& tuppiki la tabatfiri inm.GiD-ki la taqabbt
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ligittu 111atu
why can you (fem.) not (even) write your a) whispered prayer: li-ih-si tu[labhha]
tablet, do you not even know how to recite you whisper a prayer TuL p. 106:49, also BBR
your lesson? ABL 308:4 (NA); IM.GID.DA ina No. 38:9; li-ih-Si (in broken context) ZA
libbi a ibiite ana mariSu iqtibi he recited the 43 15:29; [ana libbi(?) u]zni imittiSu li-ih-S;
1. to his son among those present(?) (referring AMT 34,4:7, cf. (with the left ear) ibid. 10.
to extispicy, see baritumng. 3b) ABL 1245:6 b) whispered rumor: whoever overhears
(NA); Sa PN ultu sehri urabbsu u li-gin-nu muSadbibiit li-ih-Su people who spread
uaqbdu whom PN brought up from child- rumors Wiseman Treaties 500.
hood on and taught to read the 1. Moldenke
21:5 (NB); hursamma Supra Sa qa-be-e li-gin- For KAV 197:21, J.N. Postgate suggests
ni-ka u tenka [x-x]-ka write to me in detail of the reading Sa pi-i-i i-ba-tu-u-ni li-ih-si
the recitation of your 1.-tablet and your "he who would open his mouth had better
report .... UET 4 168:7 (NB let.); ana qa-be-e keep quiet," from a verb haid.
li-gin-n[i] zamar Aubalkut from dictation, lijaru (white cedar) see tijaru.
quickly transferred CT 16 18 r. 6 (colophon).
While in Sum. the term im.gid.da refers Likkage s.; (month name); OB Alalakh.*
to a one-column tablet (hence "long" tablet), ITI Li-ik-ka4 -Se Wiseman Alalakh 255:15.
subscripts of late texts usually refer with liktirik s.; (a garment); OB Elam;
this term to an oblong, excerpt-tablet (e.g., Elam. word(?).
Kraus Texte 23-26, Kocher BAM 11 and 102). It
16 TTG li-ik-ti-ri-ik (in list of garments)
cannot be decided whether the term IM.GID.
MDP 18 95:4.
DA in late texts refers to the shape, to the
content, or is a learned (and poetic) word lila s.; night; EA*; WSem. word.
for tablet; the reading u'iltu for the log. is [UD1.KAM U mi-Sa // l[i-e]l EA 243:13, cf.
suggested only by the feminine adjectives ge-ri.ME§ u li-ld-ma EA 195:13.
applied to it. See also imgiddd and gittu
discussion section. lilatan (liliatam) adv.; toward evening;
G. Meier, AfO 12 238 n. 15. SB*; wr. KIN.SIG; cf. lildtu, lilu.
nim.sig.bi = ka-sa-tam it li-li-a-tam OBGT
ligittu s.; (mng. unkn.); lex.* I 812; a.A[N. ... ] = li-la-ta-an, [a .u 4 .te.na] =
ma- s MA§ = li-git-tum A 1/6:102; 6-ra-6A [TB] li-la-ta-an Izi M iii 6f.; [usan] [USAN] = li-la-ta-a-
= li-gi-it-td A 1/8:38; ab.sim.lu.g6 = li-gi-it- a[n], IMtar MUL.ME§ Sb II 369a-b.
t[um] Kagal F 84. KIN.NIM 4 KIN.SIG (offerings) mornings
For Sum. lu. gi cf. Proto-Lu 462c, also and evenings VAB 4 156A v 18 (Nbk.).
(following IB) MSL 12 13:40 (ED List B), note
also ab.sim.lu.gu.zu si ha.ra.ab.sa lilatu (lilidtu) s. pl. tantum; 1. evening,
straighten your lu. gi-furrow Farmer's In-
night, 2. (name of a month in Mari); from
structions 58 (courtesy M. Civil). OAkk., OB on; wr. syll. and KIN.SIG
([KIN.Z]I.GI Labat TDP 6:11f.); cf. lilatan.
lihburu s.; (a plant); NB.* a.u 4 .te.na = i-na li-li-a-tim (followed by
li-ih-bu-ru SAR CT 14 50:59 (list of plants in irtum) OBGT I 799; i-sa-an USAN = li-la-a-tum,
Merodachbaladan's garden). Itar MUL.ME A VIII/1:80f.; du.si 4 .an Proto-
Izi I 24; [6d.i]1.en = li-li-a-tum Proto-Izi I bil.
lihmu s.; water mixed with dirt; lex.*; B 9'; [d-ug] UG5 = li-la-a-tum A VIII/2:52; u 4 .
cf. luhummi. ama.bi.Ve.gi 4 .a = li-li-a-tum the sun returns
to its mother - evening OBGT I 814, cf. [...].
[e-es] [tg] = li-ih-mu = (Hitt.) i-§u-wa-ni-it
gi.a = li-a-[a-tum] (after kasdtum) Lanu F ii 18.
wa-a-tar Sa Voc. H 3'.
und kin.sig = MIN (= nap-tan) li-la-a-ti (after
Translation follows the Hitt. equivalent, naptan kasti) Erimhus II 299; kin.sig = nap-tan
see Laroche, RHA 79 161. li-la-a-ti Igituh short version 130, kin.sig =
nap-tan li-la-te Igituh I 444; [kin.s]ig = MIN
lilhju s.; whisper; SB, NA; cf. *laMhSu. (= a-la-lum) li-l[a-ti],MIN mu-i-se Izi H App. II 2f.
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IllAtu llatu
sa-har UD-me, tam-hu-u = li-la-a-tum Malku III
149f.; tam-ha-a-tum = li-la-a-tum An VIII 71.
king Se-rim u li-ld-a-ti Aigi
iSassi will recite
.the penitential prayer in the morning and
li-la-a-te <=> ka-siUD-me KAR 52:4 (Alu Comm.,
see usage c); si-ip-hi //li-la-a-tum // At // i-ip-hi // evening 4R 54 No. 2 r.(!) 32, 50, of. ibid. r.(!) 19,
A j e-re-bi9a [umi] TCL 6 17 r. 2 (astrol.); UD.DA. 41, 50, 4R Add. p. 10 obv.(!) 16, cf. ina biri
IU.LUH.HA = li-la-a-t[i] 2R 47 K.4387 iii 37 ... ina AN.NE ... ina KIN.SIG Virolleaud
(astrol. comm.); li-la-a-ti GIM Sama rabe Bab. 6 Fragments 19:9 (hemer.); rab u tardinnu ac
79 Rm. 2,38 + K.12608 r. 18 (astrol. comm.), see
mng. Id; ba-qi-qa-tu = li-la-a-ti a I.M,§ CT 19 39
li-lat the main course and the second course
K.9964:18, restored from CT 18 45 K.4192:4 of the evening (meal) RAcc. 75:6f., KIN.SIG
and r. 1. ibid. 76:29; naptan rab Sa KIN.SIG gind the
1. evening, night - a) in OB: ina li-li- normal main meal of the evening ibid. 78:18,
a-tim qdtam ana tibnim zabalim adakkan in cf. naptan tardinnu Sa KIN.SIG gind ibid. 21,
the evening I will start transporting the naptan a eri u li-lat ibid. 89:15, ef. also 92f.
straw TLB 4 47:20; PAD ka-sa-tim u li-li- r. 5f. and 14, 119:12.
a-tim mahar belija u beltija aktanarrab (see d) in omen texts: ri-gi-im li-li-a-ti
kasdtu) PBS 7 105:13, 106:8. (entire apod.) KBo 7 5:2c (liver model); if a
b) in lit.: ana muiti anniti ana li-la-ti vulture makes a cry ina KIN.SIG (var. [ina
ann4ti for this night, for this evening (incipit KIN.Z]I.GI) ina pan ameli ina imittiul/umelidu
of a song) KAR 158 vii 23; dream god who Labat TDP 6:11f., cf. TA erti adi li-ld-a-ti
carries man around, messenger of princely ibid. 168:100; summa ina li-la-a-te MIN if he
Marduk muditu puluhtu 9a li-la-a-ti night, ditto (washes himself in the right-of-way
the terror of the evening KAR 58 r. 11; kima belonging to his house) in the evening KAR
urpat li-ld-a-te aapiti like a dense evening 52:3, with comm.: li-la-a-te ka-si UD-me
cloud TCL 3 253 (Sar.); lamassu-figurines ibid. 4; if a woman [gives birth] ina li-la-a-ti
qdbdt damiqti ina li-la-a-ti mu.Sribdt tasliti LKU 126:15; if Venus ina li-la-a-ti ina ereb
[...] who speak well (of me) during the gamli naphat rises in the evening in the west
night, bring in my prayers [during the day] VAT 10218 iii 21 (astrol.), cf. [i]-nali-li-a-tim (in
Bauer Asb. 2 p. 40:17; [ina li-l]a-a-ti (var. li- broken context) LKU 106:4 and 12 (OB astrol.);
la-tu [...]) ina qerbet lme siru il[lik] the [nakrum(?) ina] li-li-<a>-timidukkanni (par-
snake came (home) at night within the same allel: ina kas4tim line 9) KBo 13 26:6 (ext.);
day AfO 14 304 (pl. 12) K.5299:8, var. from Bab. if when the exorcist goes to a patient's house
12 pl. 14:2 (Etana), cf. ina li-la-a-ti izan: his left eye twitches(?) ina li-la-a-ti imdt [... ]
nanu damitu kibdti Gilg. XI 90 and 87; Sa he (the patient) will die at night Labat TDP
li-la-a-ti toward evening Maqlu III 39; (in 4:34; if the patient ina Jerti imim ina li-ld-
broken context) li-ld-a-ti BA 5 654 No. 16 r. a-ti SED 7 is feverish in the morning and cold
4, AfO 17 315:20; Ae-rim li-ld-a-te day and at night ibid. 166:90, 91 and 93; anqul li-la-
night TCL 3 250, cf. line 100 in AfO 12 144 (Sar.). a-ti Bab. 6 79 Rm. 2,38 r. 16 and dupls., for
comm. see lex. section.
c) in ritual contexts: (sheep and goats)
SU.TI.A PN MU.DU i-na li-la-ti-im ina GN (for 2. (name of a month in Mari): ITI Li-il-li-
parallels see kasdtu) MDP 10 59 No. 79 r. 2 (Ur a-tim UD.3.KAM inassah ARM 2 78:41, ITI
III); naptan Seri li-la-a-ti utahhdma they Li-li-a-tim UD.10.KAM ibid. 109:51; silver
served (fine victuals) for the morning and borrowed in ITI Li-li-a-tim (payable in ITI
evening meals Streck Asb. 264 iii 9; ladles of Ebirim) ARM 8 49:5, and passim, see the tables
fine silver ana qurrube naptan Aeri u li-la-a-ti ARMT 7 207, ARMT 9 292, note also ARMT 11
AfO 16 306 No. 1:20 (Sin-sar-ikun); (x sheep) Nos. 56-60, ARMT 12 15, etc., wr. Li-li-ia-tim
UD.X.KAM Aa MN ina li-la-a-ti on the xth day ARMT 11 12:3, 18:14, etc.
of MN at evening time VAS 6 258:14, and pas-
sim in this text; ina li-la-a-ti patZra ina bit In Idu II 303, the entry e-ri In = li-la-[x]
Ann tukdn Pinches Berens Coll. 110:8; the is most likely an error for Sa(!)-la-[lu].
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lliatam lilissu
lliatam see ll4tan. of Isin), see JCS 3 7, also TIM 5 36 r. 10; LI.LI.
iz siparrirumsd piti[q ... ] a ina4ipir diikagu
liatu see lildtu.
e-rim-[su... ] ... u.epiSma I had a kettle-
lildu see lidu. drum made of shining copper, cast of [...],
the covering of which was [...] in the tech-
lilibu (ilibu, or lilipu) s.; (a leather object); nique of DN (the patron god of the leather
lex.* workers) (and had it perform to reconciliate
kuS.li.li.bu = §u (RS var. i-li-bu) Hh. XI 276. and appease the gods on the fifth, the
seventh day and on [...]) OIP 2 149:9
liligfl (lalikk4) s.; 1. (a cucurbitaceous
plant), 2. (a bird); SB; wr. LI.L.GI. (Senn.); the months Ajaru and Simanu are
favorable months, let the king give an order
[uku§.li.li.gi SAR] = [AU-u], [ukud.li.li.gi.
kur.ra SAR] = [MIN] KUR-i Hh. XVII 375f., cf. li-li-sa-a-ni likrimu issen s li-li-su URUDU
uku5.li.li.gi SAR = 5U-[u], MIN kur.ra = MIN TA ekurrate ilabbia that the kettledrums
KUR-i Uruanna I 273f.; uk .li.l[gi] = [su-u] should stay behind(?), one only, a kettledrum
Hh. XXIV 308; ukd.l.i.li.gi s[AR] = [la-lik- of copper, should go around the temples
ku-u] = [pi-qu-u] Hg. B IV 212, ukui .li.li.gi SAR
ABL 1092 r. 12f. (NA); end of the song [for plac-
= la-lik-ku(!)-u = pi-qu-u Hg. D 250, in MSL 10
104f.; 0 ukds.li.li.ga : tam-gil a-ru-ni, 6 qid-§u-u ing twelve copper divine images] ana libbi
Sa su-ma-me-ti Uruanna I 252f. LIDxDtB siparri inside the copper kettledrum
li.li.gi.sig.sig musen = [...] Hh. XVIII RAcc. 28 ii 9, cf. mis pi LIDxDDB siparri the
305. mouth-washing (ceremony) of the copper
1. (a cucurbitaceous plant): UKft..LI.I.GI kettledrum ibid. 30 iii 23; mmit manze u
UR.BI tuS-te-mid you mix together (gypsum, li-li-si III 88; LIDxDPB li-li-su libbaSu
gurpu
flour, etc.) and 1. (for a bath) K.6432:3 (rit.). a kettledrum is his heart KAR 307: 11, see TuL
p. 32; nu'ri ina samme[su] LU.[x].US li-li-
2. (a bird): ,umma LI.LI.G[I].MUTEN ana is-sU li-RI-[...] Ebeling Parfiimrez. pl. 49:23
bit ameli irub if a 1.-bird enters the house of (- Or. NS 17 418); dates 9a 2 rikis li-li-su
a man CT 41 8:68 (SB Alu); see also Hh. siparri a UD [...] for two ceremonies with
XVII, in lex. section. the copper kettledrum on the [...] day
AnOr 9 26:5; seven sheep ana nepe.u 9a li-
lilipu see lilibu.
li-si siparri YOS 1 47:17, also 7 ina muhhi
nepeu 9a li-li-si ibid. 21, 24 and BIN 1 167:12
9a
lilissu s.; kettledrum; from OAkk. on; pl.
ilissani and lilissdti; wr. syll. and LI.LI.iZ (all NB); if the intestines are kima li-li-si
(rarely LIDxD1B). BRM 4 13:53 (MB ext.); l[i]-li-is siparrim
li-li-iz IDXDaB = li-li-su Sb II 258; kus.iib - ri-gi-im-.u to-bu (cited from a hist. text
up-pu = li-li-i-au, urudu.sa.am.sa.am = §u- from Mari) Syria 20 p. 98, cf. [ki]ma li-li-su
mu = li-li-is-su, urudu.Sen.hur.sag.ga = lu-i Sd-bu r[igimka] Gilg. IV vi 33, see Lands-
(blank) = li-li-is-su Hg. A II 190ff., in MSL 7 153. berger, RA 62 111; Adad rigimu kima li-li-si
ku".-Ab kli li.li.iz ki : ima uppi ellu li-li-
is(var. -8i) ellu SBH p. 47 r. 14f., var. from BA 5 iddi thunders like a kettledrum (preceded
641 No. 9:10; Sen.ljur.sag.gA a.la.e : a-Flul- by kima ale) ACh Adad 11:16.
u [l]i-li-si 4R 20:38f.; li.li.iz VD.KA.BAR dug4 .
ga.bi [si.sa] : LI.LI.iZ qi-bit-8u u-[te-ir] make b) in ritual use: kald gullubu lubar kite
the copper kettledrum speak the right word
alpu adi lubarifu ina LI.LI.IZ ul uggab a con-
RAcc. 30 iii 21f.
secrated singer clad in a linen garment can-
a) in gen.: 1 URUDU li-li-i (weighing two not sit at the kettledrum (clad) in his garment
minas) TCL 5 6055 ii 9 (OAkk.); MU li-[lil-[sa- UVB 15 p. 40:10', cf. galamdu ... [ina] LI.
am] UD.KA.BAR RN MU.NA.DiM year in which LI.[i]z siparri ina adbidu lubdr ipatarma
Manana made a copper kettledrum JCS 14 [...] u T1a sadra illabbid the chief kalil-
p. 76 year kk (OB Harmal), also, wr. LI.LI.S priest, when he sits at the copper kettledrum,
(ig-Kizilyay-Kraus Nippur 12 left edge (Iter-pila strips off his (linen) garment and is clad in
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lilissu lillAnitu
[...] and a normal garment ibid. 14'; on the with naikcunu; ]R. [~.HUN.GA] ina LIDxDIB
day of an eclipse of the moon halhalldt siparri ana Sarri tu[Sadbab] you have the
siparrimanzi siparri LI.LI.IZ siparri istu bit king recite the (cited) lamentation to the
ammudmu inaAiinimma itti BARA.KI.DTIB accompaniment of the copper kettledrum
GAR-an they bring the copper halhallatu-and AJSL 42 117:36 (SB); li-li-sa-a-ti Sa TA piti
manzd-instruments and the copper kettle- DINoIR.MES a kal Satti (these are) the kettle-
drum from the .... and place (them) beside drum performances for the entire year
the .... BRM 4 6:42, cf. 3 zidubdubbe ana (performed) before the gods van Driel Cult of
mihrat LI.LI.tz ina zisurra tanaddi (see Asur 90 vii 13; li-li-si Sa Sarru
bell ina ekallis
zisurrd usage a) ibid. 45, see TuL p. 95; after su ukinnicni ina muii anni ina pani DN iSSaks
sunset kalid a Ebabbara li-li-si siparri ina kan the kettledrum which the king, my lord,
bdbi rabt §a Ebabbara iltaknu iqtabd umma sets up in his palace will be played this
antald u nizi Ja GN gabbi .akdnu sa li-li-si night before Marduk (and he will bless the
siparri ittini itamru the kali-singers of king) ABL 625:7, cf. [mi ]u anniu [L]I.LI.iz
Ebabbar played the copper kettledrum at the siparri[ina pani] Dilbat iSa[kkan] ABL 669:9,
great gate of Ebabbar and declared: "there also UD.25.KAM ina nubatti li-li-su ina pani
is an eclipse!" all the people of Uruk saw the d[...] ina muhhi kuzippi 'a Sarri iSSakkan
playing of the copper kettledrum with us ABL 612:6 (all NA).
RA 23 15:19 and 21, cf. (dated on the same c) parts of the lilissu: (iron) ana kan-
day) ultu li-li-si siparri ina babi rabi a du-ri a li-li-si UD.KA.BAR for the stand for
Eanna nikunu itti PN Satammi ... u PN2, a the copper kettledrum GCCI 2 54:6, cf. 1
rei~ arri ... ana muhhi dakdnu sa li-li-si ul qa(!)-an qa-ni-e Sa li-li-si siparri BIN 1 152:3;
nimmilik u adi muhhi simdnu sa dake [,sa] MLI.uIZ siparri ina muhhi Su-uh-h[i ... ]
li-li-si ana mulEi ul ikdudunu after we played RAce. 115 r. 13, cf. li-li-si ina muhhi su-uh-hi
the copper kettledrum at the great gate of ina paniSu iSakkan the kettledrum is played
Eanna, having failed to consult with PN the in front of him (while) on a stand LKU 51:25;
Satammu and PN2 the royal commissary con- ub ABXME.EN = hu-up-pu // maS-ku d li-l[i-si]
cerning the use of the kettledrum, they did A VIII/3 Comm. 2; SUII.MES Sa ina l-li-is
not appear there until it was time to remove siparrinadid SumSina ana zakdr the "hands"
the kettledrum YOS 7 71:19, 22, 24 (both NB); which are drawn on the bronze kettledrum
LI.US.KU.MES li-li-su iSakkunu the kali- (these are) their names to recite (the names
singers play the kettledrum Ebeling Parfiimrez. follow) RA 16 145:16; for the covering of the
pl. 15 iv 12 (NA), see Or. NS 22 29; AB.GAL GTN. drum, wr. LI.LI.iz, with a skin, see RAce. 10:1,
GrN.NUv a adamukkaaburrumu itti li-li-is-su 14:25, 22 r. 8, cited aramu mng. la, also, wr.
(var. LI.LI.iz) siparri immahhasma (var. LIDxDIB ibid. 26:7f., 17, 26; rihtu sikkdt gabbi
imabhasu) adi LIDxDtB (var. LI.LI.IZ) itebb4 GIo maS-tu-u ana LI.L.iz siparri ina sindi
itti panidu imahhasuSuma (var. imablhasuma) elleti with white paint (you paint) all the
(see edamukku mng. 2) BRM 4 25:14f., var. other sticks (serving as) drumstick for the
from SBH p. 144:4f.; 7 KU§.GUD.GAL.ME§ tir-ka kettledrum RAce. 14 ii 29.
LIDxDUB UD.KA.BAR (parallel URUDU.NfG.
For a drawing representing a lilissu-kettle-
KALA.GA-e) BBR No. 41 r. i 24, see AAA 22 p. 58;
drum, see RA 16 145 (= TCL 6 47) left lower
LI..tz tukan you set up the kettledrum
quarter of reverse with the superscript: dLIDXDiB.
RAcc. 12 ii 4, (with added ina zeri) ibid. 16
Thureau-Dangin, RA 16 155.
iii 26, LI.LI.z siparriana pani gama tugessi
ibid. 15, and passim in this text; [lilissi siparri] lilitu see lilH.
iA8akkan li-li-si siparri itebbima iSdiru the lillantu s.; (a plant, lit. the lilldnu-like);
copper kettledrum is played, (then) the
syn. list*; cf. lilldnu.
copper kettledrum moves on and they til-la-ni-tum (var. sa-ah-na-td) -= am-m[u tu]-ul-
proceed LKU 51:24, and passim in this text tumn Malku II 121.
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lillnu lillidu
lill&nu (lilliannu, lildnu) s.; grain at its SAL.BI NU GAL this woman will have no
highest growth; SB; wr. SE.LUGAL; cf. offspring Leichty Izbu III 39; el-ti -ia
lilldnitu. NUMuN-ia i li-il5 -li-ti-i[a] the sin of my
lil-la-an §E.LUGAL = lil-la-nu Diri V 204, §E. family, of my progeny and my offspring
LUGAL = [li]-il-li-a-an-nu-um (vars. li-li-a-[x], li-a- KUB 4 47 r. 16, cf. li-il5-la-ti-ia ibid. r. 5;
nu) Proto-Diri 408; [lil-la-an] [LUGAL] = [lil]-la- li-il-li-du min-su ka-liS laHAB-ri why is the
[nu] Ea VII 153; lil-la-an LUGAL = lil-l[a-nu]
offspring completely .... ? Lambert BWL
A VII/2:73; §E-la-anLUGAL = lil-la-n[u] (var.
la-a-la-a-n[u]) Hh. XXIV 151. 86:259 (Theodicy); raggu lil-li-di ameluti a
naughty human baby LKA 143:8 (inc. to pacify
§E.LUGAL (together with other kinds of
grain in a ritual) AMT 91,4:2. a child); ruppuS zeri Sum'udu lil-li-[di] ana
Landsberger, JNES 14 19.
Sarri belija liqi[Su] may (the gods) grant ex-
pansion of progeny, increase of offspring to
lillatu see lillu A. the king, my lord ABL 7 r. 15, cf. sumu u zeru
pir'u lil-li-du ana Sarri belija li[qi]9u ABL
lilliannu see lilldnu. 358:13, also (adding nannabu) ibid. r. 19 (NA
lillidu (fer. lillittu) s.; 1. offspring (of letters).
humans and flocks), 2. mature young (of b) of flocks: [su]piri ruppiS li-im-id lil-
animals); OA, OB, MB, Bogh., SB, NA; li-d[i] extend my fold, let my (flocks') off-
wr. syll. and (in mng. 2) (sAL.)SILA4.GUB, spring be numerous BMS 5 obv.(!) 4, see Ebeling
ZEHx.GUB, MAS.GUB; cf. alddu. Handerhebung 34:31; I bring you (Samar and
[ni-ir] [NI ] = [li]l-li-du A V/3:47; KUL = lil-li- Adad) as offering [a lamb?], a winged hasis
d[u] Izi E 244A; dumu.tu.ud.da = lil-li-du
Antagal B 92; sila 4 .gub = lil-li-du, SAL.sila 4 .gub
= lit-li-tum Hh. XIII 260f.; m A.gub = li-l[i-du]
ibid. 223; sa.mud = lil-li-du MSL 13 126:11
gamaS
baru-bird [x x] li-li-it-ti el-l[e-tu ... ]
pl. 8 K.5900 (+) K.13973:5.
2. mature young (of animals) - a) of

Gray
(RS Proto-Izi).
li.li.a.bi 9u ha.ba.an.zi.zi LtrxtS.bi.ne. sheep: I am sending my lord 2 UDU.ME§
ne zu.bi : a-na li-li-di-6u-nu lu-d na-an-du-ra-ta- 2 SILA4 .GUB res;t bilim two sheep (and) two
ma sal-ma-te-u-nu mu-'-i rage against their off- lambs, the choicest of the flock ARM 2 140:30;
spring, .... their corpses Lugale X 12; az g
2 U s 2 SILA4 .GUB 1 UDU.NITA 5 U 8 .UDU.HI.A
k[ul.b]i tdg.ginx(GIM) ba.an.dul : a-sa[k]-ku
lil-lid-su kima subati iktum the asakku-demon has .imtum a PN two ewes, two lambs, one ram,
covered his offspring as with a cloth 5R 50 ii 34f. (in all) five sheep (with) the mark of Balmu-
and dupl., see Borger, JCS 21 8:63 (SB inc.); namhe YOS 8 1:10 (let.), cf. ibid. 21; 13 Us.
SAL.[SILA 4 .GUB // SAL]+ A§+ GAR.tur [:] lil-li-[du(?)-
UDU.HI.A 6 UDU.NITA.JI.A 6 li-li-du §U.NIGIN
ka ... ] u-ni-qi-ka SBH p. 110:22f., see Civil,
25 U8 .UDU.I.A Pinches, JRAS 1917 723:4;
JNES 26 206.
li-li-du = ma-a-ru LTBA 2 2:289 and dupl. 4 3 U8 .HI.A ... 1 SAL.SILA4 .GUB U.NIGIN 4 U8 .
iv 20; li-il-li-du = ma-a-ru Explicit Malku I 201; UDU.HI.A JCS 7 90 No. 16:2, cf. 5 Ug.HI.A 1
[ni]-ip-ru = lil-li-[du] ibid. 253. UDU.NITA 3 SILA4 .GUB 1 SILA 4 .GUB.SAL ibid. 91
[...] lil-li-du CT 41 28 r. 1 (Alu Comm.).
No. 18:3f., also 3 SILA4 .GUB.HI.A ibid. No.
1. offspring - a) of human beings: li-li- 17:3, Szlechter Tablettes 97 MAH 16.139:3f.;
si-na gu-nu-um-m[a] they are their (the x SILA4 .GUB X SAL.SILA4 .GUB UET 5 815:4f.,
slave girls') children TuM 1 22a:32 (OA); 816:3, 818:3, (followed by (SAL.)SILA 4.GA)
kima zubbi iw li-il-li-du the offspring have ibid. 612:2 and 5, SAL.SILA4 .[GUB] Gautier
become like flies Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 94 Dilbat 43:3, cf. also (in enumeration of cate-
II iii 45; eli li-il-li-di Sa PN u PN. ... and gories) YOS 8 117:2 and 4, 123:5f. (= Grant
ul urrad nobody else will come down (to this Bus. Doc. 61), Grant Bus. Doc. 71:3f., PBS 8/1
country) against the offspring of PN and PN, 10:5, CT 624c:4, VAS 13 101:2 and 6, TCL 10
VAS 7 67:11 (charter from Elam); lil-li-<da> 80:3, 8, TCL 11 162:4, 178:7, 11, 16, 20, AJSL
aj irdi may he have no offspring Hinke 33 220 No. 3: 3f. (all OB); Ug.UDU.HI.A SILA4 .GUB
Kudurru iv 14 (Nbk. I); lil-lid (var. li-li-id) BE 17 54:5 (MB); U 8 .UDU.iHI.A U SILA4 .GUB aks
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lillittu lillu A
murma TMB 209 No. 612:1 and 3; li-li-du eli li- representatives, you do not pay any atten-
[li]-di x itir (the number of) the offspring tion to my orders ICK 1 14:14; kima li-ld-
(of one flock) exceeds (the number of) the off- ku-ni as ifI were a fool CCT 3 38:21; she
spring (of another flock) by x MCT 130 Ub 3 has made me sit in the corner kima SAL le-
(both OB math.); see also SBH p. 110, in lex. el-la-tim i-na qa-ti-ia le-ti-i[a] u.-ta-as-bi-ta-
section; sipat SILA 4 .GUB NITA NU.ZU wool of an-ni and rest my cheeks in my hands as
an unmated lamb AMT 33,3:9; for other if I were a foolish woman ARM 10 74:19.
refs., see MSL 8/1 36f.
b) in omens: LU lil-lu ina bit ameli i'allad
b) of goats: 4 tz li-li-id-du Pinches, JRAS Leichty Izbu III 14; na'lud LIL ina mdtija
1917 723:7; 2 UZ 1 ZEHx(SAL+GAR).GUB 3 (also ina mat nakri) ibid. XI 22f.; gumma
MA..GAL 1 MAS.GUB YOS 5 3 iv 15, and passim SAL.LUGAL LV lil-la ulid if a woman of the
in Ur III and early OB lists, cf. MAS.GAL ZEHx. palace gives birth to a moron ibid. IV 49,
GUB MAS.GUB (heading of list) VAS 13 86:1, Summa sinnitu LU.LIL ulid ibid. I 52, with
also [SAL(.A)].GAR GUB TCL 1 129:4, MAS. SAL.LIL ibid. 53; Summa ina dli LIL.ME§ ma'du
GUB Gautier Dilbat 43:7, VAS 7 85:1, YOS 8 162 if there are many morons in a city CT 38 4:67,
tablet 4, 163:5, Riftin 134:9, TCL 11 162:9 (all with SAL.LIL.MES ibid. 68 (SB Alu).
OB).
c) in lit.: il-an-nu ku-us-su-du pa-na-an-
c) of donkeys: li-il-li-dam mal sattam ulda ni lil-li a cripple is my superior, a fool out-
bell immar my lord will see all the young strips me Lambert BWL 76:76 (Theodicy), also
they have borne this year ARMT 13 37 r. 11. K.10499:4, cited ibid. p. 306, for comm., see lex.
d) of pigs: kima lil-li-di sai sehru sa ina section; adi mati belti lil-lu aki iba'anni how
muhhi sinniJtisu el like a young offspring long, my Lady, will the weak and the fool
of a pig which mounted his female ZA 43 18:70 overtake me? STC 2 pl. 80 r. 59, see Ebeling
(SB lit.). Handerhebung 132; kima li[l-li ... ] arki niqeka
Landsberger, AfO 10 156f., MSL 8/1 36f. tarammuk like a fool you take the purifying
bath after your offering Borger Esarh. 105
lillittu see lillidu. § 68 II ii 29; ki-i lil-la-te igdra en-da (obscure)
KAR 130:10 (NA lit.); li-il-lu mdru pand
lillu A (fem. lillatu) s.; fool, moron; i'allad the first child is born an idiot Lam-
OAkk.(?), OA, OB, Mari, SB; wr. syll. and bert BWL 86:262 (Theodicy); lil-lum a GIS.
LIL; cf. lillutu. MES [...] [you (willow) are] a fool among
11
li-il LIL = lil-lu Sb 359; [li-il] [LIL1 = l[i-il-lum] the trees ibid. 165:9; uqarrad lil-la akd
MSL 3 223 G9 :10 (Proto-Ea); lu.flil].la = li-il-
lum (followed by alliaja "drooling") OB Lu
u-[...] I (the poplar) can make a hero of
Fragm. I 14, in MSL 12 201; lui.i.HU = lil-lu the fool, I [can ... ] the cripple ibid. 166:5
Hh. XXV B iii 33, in MSL 12 228; [lu.i..r]i(?) = (fable), cf. lil-la a-na re-se [...] Perry Sin pl.
lil-lum Igituh App. A i 11; lil WT+NE = lil-lum, 4:14, see Ebeling Handerhebung 128; si-ni-pat
li-il §U+ES = li-il-lu Ea I 340f.; [li-i]l LO-tend =
lil-li two thirds fool (in broken context)
li-il-l[um] Ea VII 148, cf. li-il Lt-tend = li-il-lu
Ea VII Excerpt 6, li-[il] [Lu-tend] = [li-il-lu] Lambert BWL 144:33 (dialogue), also STT 121 r. 5;
A VII/2:66; hu.ur (var. [hiu].ri) = lil-lum (in ki lil-li bitati i-te-ni-ru-bu-ma like a 1., I(!)
group with makkann, akd, ahur) Erimhu II 306; keep entering the houses LKA 29d ii 11, dupl.
u.ri - lil-lum Izi E 287; u.lil = [lil-[il-lu] ibid. 29e ii 8; ana lil-li (in broken context) Gilg. X
254; 6.lil - [lillu] ibid. 289; [...] = lil-[lul
v 40 and 42.
Izi F 370.
lu-la-nu-u = lil-lu Malku IV 46; [lil-li : l]a d) as personal name: Li-lum RTC 91 iii
(-ma-nu Lambert BWL 76:76 (Theodicy Comm.).
(OAkk.), see MAD 3 161; mera' Li-lim TCL 19
a) in OA, Mari: andku li-ld-ku Aa uazzizu: 56:5 (OA), Li-il-lu VAS 7 133:22, Li-il-lum
kununi ... attunu ana tertija ula tana'ida ibid. 135:20; uncert.: Li-il(?)-lum YOS 8
I was a fool in that I have made you my 80:21 (all OB).
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lillu B lilu
For BL 19:23 (= SBH p. 110) seelillidu lex. of gods); igi.kar = ha-a-ru d li-li-i (see hdru A)
section. CT 18 50 + CT 19 33 80-7-19, 307 iii 9f.
ga.e dPa.zu.zu dumu dIa.an.bu lugal
Lambert BWL 18 n. 1. lil.lA.e.ne hul.a.mes (var. li[l.la] hul.[a].
mes) : anaku dPd-zu-zu mar Hanbi Sar li-le-e
lillu B s.; (a demon); OB, SB.
(vars. LfL.LA.ME§, lil-ld-ia) lemnutu (inscribed on a
li-il DUG.QA.BUR = dDUG.QA.BUR (var. li-[il-lu]) Pazuzu-head) W. G. Lambert, Forschungen und
Ea V 36, cf. lil-lu DUG.QA.BUR = §u A V/: 136. Berichte 12 42: 1, wr. LUGAL li-li-'i (lemn-nu^) le-me-
mu.lu.lil : dLil-lum 4R 27 No. 4:10f. nu-i-te RA 7 24:2; lil.la edin.na i.bu.bu.es.
a) a demon: mazzaz li-il5 -li (var. dLi-il- Am : li-lu-u SA ina sariittanasrabbita the I-demons
which rage about incessantly in the plain CT 16
li-im) YOS 10 52 iii 33, var. from 51 iii 34, cf. 1:36f.; lu.lil.la ki.na.a nu.tuk.a he.me.en:
mazzaz li-il-li RA 61 27:18, cf. li-ils-lu-u[m] lu li-lu- d Smajaltu la iu atta be you a 1.-demon
(in broken context) YOS 10 11 iv 3 (all OB who has no bed ibid. 10 iv 44 (see pl. 50); tu.ra
ext.). nam.du lil.la.en.na ki.sikil.lil.la.en.na A.
sag nam.tar.hul he.a : lu mursu mitu li-lu-u
b) name of a god: dLil dumu DINGIR. (var. li-lu-u-ti) li-li-tum asakku namtaru lemnu
MAH.kex(KID) : d mN (=III)DUG.QA.BUR CT 24 sickness, death, 1.-demon, female I.-demon, asakku
26:107 (list of gods); for dLi-il 5-lum, dLi-il-li or evil namtaru ibid. 4:155f.; lu.lil.la.dib.ba.
me.en ki.sikil.lil.le dib.ba.me.en : [l]i-lu-u
in CT 15 1-2 (OB lit.), see Romer, WO 4 12ff.
ka&mi anku li-li-ti kdmu anaku CT 17 49: 24ff.;
and 23. 16.lil.la.a he.a ki.sikil.lil.la he.a ki.sikil.
Thureau-Dangin, RA 19 175ff. ud.da.kar.ra [he.a] : lu-u li-lu-u lu-u li-li-tum
lu-u ar-da-at li-[li-i] be it the 1.-demon, or the
lillu C s.; (a qualification of horses); female .- demon, or the 1.-girl CT 17 34:19f., and
Nuzi.* passim, see ardat lil lex. section.
1 ANSE.KUR.RA 8amu li-el-lu HSS 15 101:7 a) in lit.: utukku LU.LiL.LA SAL.LIL.LA
and 9. immedu puzur sahdti the utukku, the 1.-demon
lillfitu s.; foolishness, weakness; OA, SB; and the female 1.-demon take refuge in the
hidden corners KAR 58:43, see Ebeling Hand-
cf. lillu A.
erhebung 38; li-li-tum sa [... ] PBS 1/2 122:2
li-lu-ti-i taSme'ima aw4tim hamttim tulaps
(OB inc., Sum. broken), see Falkenstein, ZA 45 23.
pitim you heard of my foolishness and wrote
me angry words BIN 6 93:4 (OA let.), see b) in omens: sibit LIL.LA.EN.NA seizure
Hirsch, ZA 58 104. by the1.-demon Labat TDP 214:12ff.; amelu
For lillita .iluku (with emiZqu, abu, .er'nu) s LIL.LA isabbassu the 1.-demon will seize
see alaku mng. 4a (lillitu). this man CT 38 28:26 (SB Alu); bennu LiL.
For KAR 260:6 see alilu usage b. LA.EN.NU SAG.KI.DIB.BA isabbassu epilepsy(?),
1.-demon and headache will seize him LBAT
**lilmitu (AHw. 533b) Sarpanitu lil-mit 1593 r. 9 (LB horoscope); IStar LfL.LA ina [bit]
ildtu RAce. 135:253 could be emended to ameli i-[...] Istar will [...] a 1.-demon in
lil-lat(!) ilatu, and taken as a var. to illillatu, the house of that man CT 28 38 K.4079a:13
q.v., or to kaz(!)-bat ildtu. (SB Alu).
lilu s.; (a kind of sheep?); Mari.* c) in rit.: ana LtJ.TUR LI.LiL.LX la teh
1 li-lum ne-pi-id-[t]um one 1. for per- in order that the 1.-demon should not come
forming (extispicy) ARM 7 263 iv 16. near the baby Kocher BAM 248 iv 41; LIL.LA
SAL.LiL.LA (in enumeration of demons)
lil (fer. lilitu) s.; (a demon); OB, SB; AfO 14 142:34, 144:84, also LKA 70 ii 19, and
Sum.
1fL. 1w.; wr. syll. and (Lr/GURU) passim, see ardat lil(.
LA(.BN.NA/NU); cf. ardat lilt.
x(possibly l[il(!).l]a).en.na = li-lu-i Lu
For the family of 1.-demons, see zaqiqu
Excerpt II 177; li-il LfL = li-lu-[u] Idu II 239; discussion section.
d
ama.UD.DU.a = li-li-tu Lu III iv 55; mN (= dim).G I
- ddim.me.gi, - li-li-tu CT 24 44:146 (MB list lilu s.; evening; OB*; cf. l'ldtan, lil4tu.
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liluhuli limitu
ina se-et li-li-im tubbal you dry (the [...], e-lat qu-um-bi, ka-na-zir-ru = li-mi-tu
Malku II 221ff.; [...] = li-me-tum CT 18 9
garment) in the cool of the evening Iraq 25
K.4233 ii 39.
184:22.
1. perimeter, circumference, borderline,
For drying in the open air, see setu mng. If.
limit (in time) - a) perimeter, circumference,
liluhuli s.; (a profession); MB Alalakh.* borderline - 1' in gen.: 1 GAR li-ma-a-ti Aa
PN li-lu- u-li (between Lt.sIMUG, and Aa uz[naeu] one ninda is the circumference of
LUGAL and parkulluhuli) Wiseman Alalakh his (the Labbu-monster's) ears CT 13 33:10;
197:28, see Dietrich and Loretz, ZA 60 102. paihu-land in GN 90 ina ammati li-me-es-si
huppalla its circumference is ninety cubits,
lima see lumd. fenced(?) RA 23 149 No. 31:6, cf. 1 mat 15 li-
lima adv.; thousandfold; SB*; cf. limu B. wi-is-si-nu ana huppalli sa bitate HSS 13
215:7, cf. also ZA 48 180 No. 3:10, 2 mati u
ildni tiklija ana lim-a-a ribija iribuni the
uAd a eqli alalwu li-mi-is-s4 JEN 83:8,
gods in whom I trust compensated me a
bztati 1 mdt 36 ina ammati li-wi-is-sl-nu ana
thousandfold Piepkorn Asb. 80 vii 74, see Bor-
huppalli JEN 265:8 and 17, 113 ina ammati
ger, Or. NS 35 430.
ina huppalla li-mi-is-si HSS 19 98:5; note:
limdu adj.; trained; Mari*; cf. lamddu. two beams twelve cubits long and 2 ina
2 GEMi li-im-da-ti-iau lubit iibilam send ammati li-wi-us-su-nu two cubits in circum-
me my two trained slave girls and garments ference HSS 9 41:2 and 11; iltenitu sariam
ARM 10 38:19, cf. ana minim 2 SAG.GEM1 siparriAa ameli 7 kalku sa li-wi-is-sc-nu (see
li-im-da-ti-iataprus ibid. 13. kalku) JEN 533:6, cf. JEN 527:2 and 4 (all
Nuzi); tussa a li-mit .MES DINGIR.ME the
By-form of lamdu, q.v.
reed fence around the temples JCS 19 97:8
limitu (liwitu, libitu) s.; 1. perimeter, (MB let.); 9300 ina ammati u-bat li-me-ti-Au
circumference, borderline, limit (in time), 9,300 cubits was the circumference of its
2. edge, rim (of objects, eyes), 3. enclosure (Nineveh's) emplacement OIP 2 111 vii 59
of a field, fence, walled garden, outer wall, (Senn.).
4. neighborhood of a town, the region ad- 2' in adverbial use (followed by a noun in
jacent to it, 5. persons who attach them- the gen. or a suffix, often with ana, ina, or in
selves to the palace (NA only), 6. wrapping the locative): iniimidu Enamtila ana li-wi-
(used in packaging tin for transportation); ti-Au kisdm ... [a]lwiZuma at that time I
from OA, OB on; stat. const. OB liwiat, surrounded the entire outside of the temple
pl. liwdti and limati; wr. syll. and mNrI ; cf. Enamtila with a supporting wall AfO 12
lami v. 365:13 (OB, Takililigu); I took this city under
zag.nigin = li-[mi-tu] Izi R ii 25. my administration again, I called it Imgur-
gi.sa[g].lugal = zir-ru = hu-us-su ad GI.ME§,
Bel i.KUR At ina li-bit ekallija lu addi its
gi.sa[g].lugal = li-mi-tum = MIN gd GI.ME§
Hg. II 18d-e, in MSL 7 68; [gi].se.ir.tab.ba = (text: this) temple I founded just outside my
qa-an li-[mi-ti] Hh. IX 325; [gi.(x).ni]gin = own palace AKA 170:23 (Asn.); hirisa ...
li-mi-tum Hh. VIII 119; [e.i]r.ftabl.b[a] = li-me-tu-.u lu ahrus I dug a moat (such as
li-mi-tu, pa-ri-ik-tu, ku-ru-ul-lu Izi D i 36ff.; si = did not exist before, through virgin rock) at
li -mi-du -= (Hitt.) a-ra-ah-za-an-ta wa-ah-nu-mar
Izi Bogh. A 187; si = MIN (= la-mu-u) §d li-me-ti
the outside (ofthe besieged city) KAH 2 84:65,
Antagal III 207; [... ] = li-mi-tum Nabnitu O see Seidmann, MAOG 9/1 p. 24, cf. birisarab4
276-79, [...] = MIN a alaki, MIN Ad EN.NU.UN ana li-me-et dri lu ahri Weidner Tn. 32 No.
ibid. 280f. 18:7, cf. also li-me-et diir GN ... kist uzApiA
Me.er.si si.di.ta [...] : ina li-mi-it Gi-ir-si-e OIP 2 153 No. 18:4 (Senn.); itdt duri ana li-
[...] Langdon BL No. 8 r. 5f.; MA.gi.lum e1.
me-ti-i harisu atbru. AfO 20 96:119 (Senn.);
ir.tab.ba [...] : iMd-gi-lum ina li-me-[it ... ]
(corr. to Ma.gi.lum nir/Me.er.dug.na.ka bi. in broken context: li-me-ti-ii irsa [...]
in.1U Angim 56) CT 15 42 K.4864 + 4869:11f. Winckler Sar. pi. 44 D 23; I provided the
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lowlands along the Tigris with irrigation YOS 8 113:1 and UET 5 457:11; A.A .SAL
kirdti ina li-me-tu-di azqup and planted li-bi A.SA li-wi-tum YOS 8 166:2; dates
orchards along it Iraq 14 33:38, also AKA coming from GI§.SAR li-wi-tum TCL 11 159:7,
387 iii 135, and passim in Asn., cf. [ina] me pat: A. li-wi(!)-tum ibid. 180:3; in math.: li-ma-tu
tdti Ninua ana li-me-ti-au kirdte ... [...] DAL.ME U muttarriddtu circumferences,
OIP 2 80:19 (Senn.); 10 URU birdti danndti li- transversals, and vertical (lines) TMB 74
me-su addima I set up ten strong forts around No. 150:3 (MB).
it Lie Sar. 216; I rebuilt the great wall of my
town Assur completely 4ipik epere ana li-me-
ti-gu ana elenu apuk I heaped up a large
b) in NB (often with det. A):
put massartu
Sa kirt u gapnu a ina li-mi-turn nasi he
mound of earth adjacent to it AKA 146 v 13 assumes guarantee for watching the garden
(Broken Obelisk), cf. [ipik] epri ... ana li-mi- and the fruit trees inside the walled garden
ti-u aspuk AfO 19 141:6 (Tigl. I); anaguknuS VAS 5 49:15; li-mi-tum Sa muhhi harrdn
KUR Madaja li-me-et GN udannina massartu Sarri [u m]uIhi musannitu ... [ina ig]dri
I strengthened the defenses around Kar- ilammema ippu he will build a wall all
Sarrukin to keep the Medes in submission around the garden which is along the Royal
Winckler Sar. pl. 32 No. 68:66; ina li-me-et Road and the dike VAS 5 26:9; x SE.NUMUN
dliunu qaqqaddtinunu ina libbi u'il I hung ana li-mi-tum ina libbi izaqqap six silas
the heads of their (soldiers) on them (the (of surface) of it he will plant with trees
stakes) around all their towns AKA 295 i 118 as a walled garden Dar. 193:7; put epeu Sa
(Asn.); li-mi-tum A ziqqurrat udtu imna li-mi-tum naSi he guarantees the building of
dumela pani u arka ahtutma I dug around a wall (for the rented garden) ibid. 17, cf.
that temple tower complex everywhere (lit. igri GIS.SAR Sa li-mi-tum ippuS VAS 5 49:9;
right and left, before and behind) CT 34 apart from a Telmun- and a kusaju-date palm
28 i 72 (Nbn.); ina li-me-et misretika outside Sa ina li-mi-tum pandt KA.GAL DN VAS 3
your borderlines Tn.-Epic "iv" 2. 153:18; E li-mi-tum u bituS a ina libbi the
walled garden and the house which is in-
b) limit (in time): ina li-me-et umimma side it TCL 13 223:7 (division of property);
GN aabat I seized Susa within (lit. in the SE.NUMUN E lim-mi-tum land surrounded by
limit of) one day (parallel: ina arah um walls (given ana nukarribitu) RA 10 68 No.
within one month ibid. 56 vi 99) Streck Asb. 40-41:1, and note: he will pay rent akt lim-
184 r. 3. mi-tum elitu u Saplitu ibid. 17, cf. Dar. 427: 1;
li-mi-tum elat ina pan PN apart from the
2. edge, rim (of objects, eyes): ina li-wi-at
garden (which) belongs to PN (the debtor)
paddn imittim at the edge of the right "path"
Nbn. 165:11; [...] li-mi-tum a kutal bit PN
YOS 10 18:69 (OB ext.); as part of the golden
BIN 1 119:11, wr. li-mi.MES BRM 1 101:11,
mountings on a chair in a sanctuary: 11 ru.
li-mat.ME ibid. 4; see also Hg. II 18d-e, in
sI li-wi-tum KI.TA ana 8 sv.sI AN.TA PBS 8/2
lex. section.
194 r. iii 11f. (OB); aggigu-wood ana li-ma-ti
for (wheel) rims TCL 9 50:1 (MB), see also c) in hist.: hirisdniSunu uppuluma
Malku II, CT 15 42, in lex. section; their Sutasburu li-mi-is-sun their (the fortresses')
upper lips and li-be-et IGI.MEg-Su-nu the moats were deep, making a complete circle
edges around their (the represented animals') TCL 3 190 (Sar.); Sin's temple ina igdr li-mi-
eyes (are of silver) AfO 18 302 i 19 (MA inv.); ti Ezida in the surrounding wall of Ezida
obscure: ana .TA.AM labbuna li-bit rG.[II-Ju] VAB 4 130 iv 64 (Nbk.).
(describing the Labbu) KAR 6 ii 24; ina li-
mit qaqqadidu ... tadakkan CT 32 36:64. 4. neighborhood of a town, the region
adjacent to it - a) referring to the area -
3. enclosure of a field, fence, walled garden, 1' in gen.: the workmen Sa ina li-wi-it Slim
outer wall - a) in OB, MB: A. I li-wi-tum ina pirki ina URU GN uteruniSauniti whom
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they returned illegally in the neighborhood me-ti-4i akSud Rost Tigl. III p. 28:164, Iraq
of the town in the town GN VAS 13 13 r. 3; 18 125:13, and passim in Tigl. III, also 1R 31 iv
barley Sa ina li-wi-it dli illeqg which was 10 and 16 (gami-Adad V); 500 dldni a li-me-tu-
taken from the neighborhood of the town i-nu appul aqqur I devastated 500 towns
(Isin) Riftin 121:13; A.GAR li-mi-tum VAS 7 in their (the mountain tribe's) region 1R 33
125:3 (all OB); a field BAL IGI.URU.KI li-me- ii 58 (amsi-Adad V), cf. GN Sa li-me-ti-S4-nu
tu-su MDP 23 277:9; plowing units 9a li-mi-ti akud AKA 292 i 111 (Asn.); ina Suhut libbija
elSeti sa Kdr-Enlilki BE 1499: 45( MB); barley li-mi-it nagisudti kima imbari [ashup]ma in
li-mi-it URU BE 15 10:5 (MB); GN qadu dlani my wrath I overwhelmed the entire region
9a li-me-ti-sa MRS 9 80 RS 17.382+ :15, cf. of this province like fog TCL 3 + KAH 2
ibid. 17; piqat aldnu sa li-me-ti-ka ittika 141:215 (Sar.); ala suatu adi 62 i1dni dannuti
mimma inakkiru should, heaven forbid, any sittutiSu Sa li-me-ti-se alme akfud Winckler
of the cities in the region adjacent to you Sar. pl. 34 No. 72:115, and passim in such phrases
become your enemies MRS 9 36 RS 17.132:44; in Sar.; GN GN, ldni dannuti adi dlini sehruti
hazannu 9a dlsu pdtigu ina li-me-ti-au-ma 9a Sa li-me-ti-di-nu OIP 2 28 ii 24, and passim in
inassar the mayor who watches over his city, this phrase in Senn. and in Esarh., note (after
the region in its immediate neighborhood a list of city names) didni a li-me-et Sidini
HSS 15 1:4 (= RA 36 115); bitdteSu eqldtesu Borger Esarh. 48 iii 7, dlini
Sa li-me-et GN
dimti u magrat[ta] Sa li-wi-it dimti JENu Streck Asb. 100 iii 52; URU GN u lidni Sa li-
398:6; ina ekalldte Sa li-[bi-it] Libbi-dli (if me-ti-u Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 iv 50 (Asb.), also
the king stays) in the palaces in the neighbor- Bauer Asb. 2 34 No. 2 ii 14, Streck Asb. 50 v 117;
hood of Assur AfO 17 274:42 (MA harem edicts), (to defend the city) they cut a canal into
cf. ekurru Si ina li-bit ekallija lu addi AKA the river kima mili kiSati ik-pu-pu li-me-es-
170:23 (Asn.); rihti .KUR.ME Sa ana li-me-ti su they flooded(?) its surroundings like (the
Bdbili ABL 516 r. 3 (NB); the canals sa Uruk flooding caused by) the (spring) flood Lie
u li-mi-ti Uruk TCL 13 163:6, cf. GIS.SAR.MES Sar. 278; 33 towns sa pdti li-me-ti-Mi (var.
li-mi-ti Uruk AnOr 9 2:1, etc.; dalni eqleti ndru nagiSu) within the confines of the region
u ndbalu ubat edure li-mi-ti Uruk (see edurd around him (variant: of his province) OIP 2
usage b) CT 36 7:23, and passim; fields ina 37 iv 29 (Senn.); 57 dldni Sa li-me-ti-Sd Sa KUR
li-mi-ti Nippur PBS 2/1 103:2, cf. [A]].GIA. GN 57 towns on the border of the country
BAN.MES sa li-mi-tum sa Nippur ibid. 3:15, GN TCL 3 231 (Sar.), cf. 5 birati Sa li-me-et
eqldti Sa bit sise bit qaldte sa ina li-mi-tum KUR GN Lie Sar. 146; dajeli muSribu tenm
Nippur TuM 2-3 181:1, also adi li-mi-ti matati li-mi-ti-ds scouts (whose task it is to)
TCL 13 190:2 and 9 (= Dar. 321), VAS 5 10:1; bring in reports about the countries adjacent
[bit qalti] Sa GN u GN 2 u li-mi-it GN BE 9 to his TCL 3 300; the people living in this
86a:6, inadlni a li-<mi>-ti GN BE 10 102:5; province saw the lordly deeds a ina dalni
Lt hadri sa li-mi-tum BE 10 98:4 and TuM li-me-ti-sc-nu iteppuSu which I had done
2-3 188:5, cf. ,aknu sa LU li-mi-ti TuM 2-3 in all the cities around them ibid. 192, eqldte
188:6 and 10. li-mi-ti-si ADD 660 + 809:19 (Sar.), see Postgate
Royal Grants p. 62ff.
2' in hist.: GN GN, GN, GN 4, alni a KUR
Habhi sa li-me-et GN 5 KAH 2 84:95; 2 dldni b) referring to its rulers: Sarrani a li-mi-
ina li-me-tu-Si appul I destroyed two towns ti-ia the kings in my region EA 11:21, cf.
in its neighborhood Scheil Tn. II 16; GN GN, Sarrdni Sa li-mi-ti ibid. r. 21 (MB royal let.),
GN 3 dl danntisunuadi 100 lkini Sa li-me-tu- Sarrdni Sa li-mi-[ti-ka] EA 1:57, cf. ibid. 62
ui-nu akud AKA 304 ii 29, and passim in Asn. (let. from Egypt); Sarrdni Sa li-me-ti-ni KBo 1
in this phrase; GN dl arritiSu adi 100 aldni 10 r. 2, see KUB 4 p. 50a; ana s~iE ti(!) Sa
Sa li-me-tu-~4 akSud WO 2 34:50, Iraq 25 52:15, LUGAL.MES Sa li-mi-ti-ka iltaknukama (see
and passim in Shalm. III, GN adi Slani Sa li- .8iitu) 4R 34 No. 2:1 (MB), see Landsberger,
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limitu limu A
AfO 10 142 n. 11; RN, the ruler of Zikirtu adi limitu in rab limlti s.; official in charge
arrani Aa li-me-ti-Ai together with the kings of a region; NB*; cf. lama v.
ruling the neighboring regions TCL 3 141, Lv GAL li-mi-ti ipirti ana mumhigu iApura
also 107; ana arrani li-me-ti-u zirati mat the rab limiti-official has issued an order
ASmur iSpur he sent messages of hate against against him BIN 1 24:6, cf. (I will throw
Assyria to the kings around him Winckler him into fetters) ana pani Li GAL li-mi-ti
Sar. pl. 33 No. 70:91. itti bel dinidu ana bob ekalli lugpurdu and
5. persons who attach themselves to the send him, together with his adversary in
palace (NA only): I distributed the prisoners court, to the rab limiti-official, to the gate of
of war ana ekallatija rabitija li-bit ekallija the palace ibid. 14, of. ibid. 19; ina uguzzi Aa
to my palaces, my high officials (and) to those PN L J GAL li-mi-ti (before the enumeration
who live near my palace (and to the inhabi- of witnesses) YOS 7 113:19.
tants of Nineveh, etc.) Borger Esarh. 106 iii 21, limmu see limu A.
cf. nie li-bit ekalliSu (after sikretiand rabiti)
Iraq 13 25:6 (Asb.). li'mu see limu C.
6. wrapping (used in packaging tin for llmu A (limmu) s.; 1. eponymy (as a year
transportation, OA only): 128 TUG lu Srii of office), 2. eponym; OA, Mari, SB, MA,
tum lu Sa Akkidie Ak.BA 24 TUG li-wi-tum NA; cf. limu in bit limi.
128 pieces of cloth, either black or of Akka- 1. eponymy (as a year of office) - a) in
dian make, including 24 pieces as wrapping date formulas and dates in gen. - 1' in OA:
CCT 5 36a:20, cf. 6 TiG Miritum Sa li-wi-tim ITI.KAM MN li-mu-um PN MN, eponymy: PN
CCT 2 4a:6, 20 TUGO Arutum qadi Sa li-wi-tim TCL 21 228b:15, cf. CCT 1 48:23, and passim in
BIN 4 61:4, also iti Agritika 18 TUG qadisa OA; note li-mu-um PN ina Kani aSme
li-wi-tim ibid. 14; 4 TUGSiurutuim a li-wi-tim BIN 4 115:1; itmu hamugtim Aa PN li-mu-um
kabtutum CCT 3 4:8; 2 TG iirdmn Aa li-wi-[tim] PN2 malahum kaspam ilqeu they took the
TuM 1 26b:3'; ina 6 ToG ruiitim u 2 kutan silver from the tamu tu-period of PN,
a li-wi-tim CCT 4 23a: 14; ina 328 TOG.HI.A eponymy: PN2 , the sailor OIP 27 56:24;
a PN qadum li-wi-tim CCT 1 24b:3; 41 ku. note for professions also istu li-mi-im PN
tdnu qadum a li-wi-tim Kienast ATHE 17:5; sa-an-gib-im Kiiltepe a/k 1261b:15f., and
92 T aG.I.A SIG §[I.BA] 4 TUG.HI.[A] Sa li- (idtu) li-mi-im PN sa-an-gua-um Kiiltepe a/k
wi-[tim] Chantre 10:7; 217 subtii Sa qgtim 440:32, both cited Balkan Observations 86; idtu
idtu Alim eliinim §A
7 TiUG i-li-wi-tim BIN 4 Jamutim Aa PN ITI.KAM MN li-mu-um
65:6; 30 TU i-li-wi-tim alwe I wrapped PN, ana 10 ham§Stim isaqqal he will pay
thirty pieces of cloth in wrapping(s) JCS 14 from the amuWtu-period of PN-MN, epony-
7 S. 561:10; 2 naruqqen Sa li-wi-tim two my: PN,--on in ten hamultu-periods Goleni-
sacks as wrapping Hecker Giessen 6:19; x ans scheff 4: 8, and passim in OA; note: i tu li-mi-im
nukum kunukkija 4 TUG kutnu li-wi-si x §a PN 10 Goi-um GIN.TA ina warhim illakdum
tin under my seal, its wrapping was four from the eponymy of PN on for each ten
kutanu's TuM 1 2b:5, of. x annukum u li-wi-sui shekels (of silver) one shekel per month will
BIN 4 227:4, cf. also COT 5 50h: 5, x annukum accrue (as interest) for him CCT 1 10a: 19, also
T a li-wi-tim KTS 28:21; 2 ugqlan ac idtu li-mi-im PN habbulam ICK 1 33b:10, itu
2 TiG
AN.NA u li-wi-si-nu two packages of tin and ITI.KAM MN li-mu-um PN ibid. 8:14; itu MN
their wrapping CCT 5 28o:5; note [1 e]-ri- li-mi-im PN Or. NS 36 401 c/k 680:8; x kas.
qum qadum [li-w]i-t-Sa BIN 6 258:15. pum ana li-mi-im a PN illak TCL 4 30:33,
For 2R 36:73ef (Antagal VIII 220) see leq v. cf. a-li-mi-im Aa PN KTS 49b: 6; ina Kuzall
lex. section. annittim Aa li-mi-im PN in this month MN
Ad mng. 5: Larsen Old Assyrian Caravan
Procedures p. 149; Veenhof Old Assyrian Trade of the eponymy of PN VAT 9225:10, cited
28ff. MVAG 33 p. 222 n. a; ibtu li-mi-im PN anaSanat
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limu A Iimu A
from the eponymy (of) PN in one year ina li-me PNa iniu sidirta Sa narkabdti idtu
BIN 4 42:10, cf. CCT 2 14:15, Hecker Giessen RN gar KarduniaJ aAkun adiiku in the
35:21, ICK 2 104 A 10; note: iniimi li-mu-um a eponymy of PN, in the eponymy of PN,, for
PN PN2 erridu kaspam PN, idaqqal TCL 21 the second time I drew up the battle line of
243:13; note li-mu-um a warki PN Balkan chariots against RN, the king of Kardunias,
Observations 92 No. 42a, and see mng. la--2', (and for the second time) I defeated him
la-4'. AfO 18 351: 49f. (Tigl. I); ina li-me annima
2' in Mari: rn MN UD.17.KAM li-mu PN in the same eponymy AKA 278:69 (Asn.);
ARM 7 3:9, and passim in ARM 7, of. ARM 8 1:54 ina li-me Gatti umija in the eponymy, the
with case line 8; note: li-mu EGIR PN epony- year (bearing) my name AKA 288 i 99 (Asn.),
my after (that of) PN ARM 7 25:11, of. (always 3R 8 ii 66 (Shalm. III); obscure: naphar 6
the same person) ARM 7 Nos. 26-83 last line. arrdni [...] ... SIG4 Sa li-ma-ni-Du-nu
la'utini (see Idtu C) JCS 8 108 n. 198 (with
3' in MA: MN UD.28.KAM li-mu PN KAV parallels, king list).
110:6, of. KAV 93:9, MN li-mu PN TIM 4 45:27,
and passim in MA dating, wr. li-me KAJ 94:19, 6' in colophons: MN UD.X.[KAM] li-mu PN
KAV 1 viii 65 (Ass. Code), cf. KAR 220 iv 10, Craig
AfO 10 36 No. 64:2, 37 No. 72:2, KAJ 197:3,
etc.; istu MN UD.18.KAM li-me PN adi MN 2 ABRT 2 9 edge 2 (both inc.), Diri III 212, Hh. III
UD.25.KAM li-me annema from the 18th of colophon, cf. ina MN UD.1.KAM lim-mu PN
MN of the eponymy of PN to the 25th of KAR 111 r. 9 (bil. disputation), CT 28 46 K.8100 r.
MN, of this same eponymy KAJ 182:2, 5, cf. 3, AAA 20 pl. 100 No. 106 r. 29 (NA lit.), and pas-
istu li-me PN adi MN li-me PN2 KAJ 80:2ff., sim, see Hunger Kolophone index s.v.; MN UD.
and passim in MA. 10.KAM lim-m[u PN] PRT 131 r. 3, and passim
in these texts; ITI MN lim-mu PN AOB 1 42:31
4' in NA: MN UD.25 lim-mu PN ADD 136 (AAsur-uballit I), and passim in date formulas at
r. 5, and passim in NA, cf. lim-me PN ADD 359 the end of Ass. royal inscrs. from Adn. I to Asb.,
r. 7, also ABL 518 r. 11, and passim in NA, wr. cf. lim-mu(var. -me) PN Borger Esarh. 64:75,
li-mu ADD 328 r. 14, 311 left edge 3;- MN UD. cf. ina li-i-mi PN ... na-su TCL 3 430; PN
28.KAM lim-mu PN ina tarsi RN Oar mat AAur ina bane lim-me-Au JNES 13 222:39 (king list).
the 28th of MN, eponymy: PN, in the time of
Esarhaddon, king of Assyria ADD 360 r. 13; b) limum Sa qdti (OA): li-mu-um Sa i-qd-ti
ina lim-me AASur-ban-apli abika ABL 469 r. 1 PN isbutu eponymy which he (an unnamed
(NB); for professions note: lim-mu PN Aakin person) took over from PN Kiiltepe a/k
temi Bdbili AfO 13 pl. 4:26, lim-mu RN gar 473b:19f. (tablet), abbr. as li-mu-um a qd-ti
mat Assur ADD 317 r. 7, lim-me PN akin PN Kiiltepe a/k 473a: 16f. (case), both cited Bal-
mdti Dimagqa ADD 272 r. 6, lim-me PN suk kan Observations p. 81, also CCT 1 8a: 12, CCT 5
kallu aniu ADD 256 r. 11, lim-mu PN rabi 20d:5, 22b:19, 23a:11, 45b:6, 48a:12, ICK 1
nuhatimmi VAS 1 86:35; for lim-mu a EGIR 56:8, 68:20, 91:14, 97:14, 118:9, ICK 2 16:10,
PN eponymy that (is) after PN (was eponym) 148:4, 271:7, KBo 9 3:9, 40:16, etc., note li-
see arkatu mng. 2 and arcd mng. lc-1'. mu-um a qd-ti PN maldhim TuM 1 9b:8, li-
mu-um a qd-at PN AAA 1 pl. 24 No. 7:6f.;
5' in hist.: idiAu ina li-me PN mera RN ina MN li-mi-im Aa q4-ti PN ICK 1 175:9, wr.
sar mat ASSur ukin I laid its foundations in Sa qd-td-e ibid. 119:7f., note li-mu-um a
the eponymy of PN, the son of Eriba-Adad, qd-at qd-tim PN KBo 9 4:8.
king of Assyria AOB 1 50:43 (Arik-dn-ili);
ina MN li-me PN KAH 2 84:94 (Adn. II), cf. 2. eponym - a) an official in Assur: li-
Scheil Tn. II 41, Unger MAOG 6 11:8 (Asn.), and mu-um ua'daranniu amdtija iktanatta the
passim in the inscrs. of Tigl. I, Adn. II, Tn. II, eponym is causing me trouble and he con-
Asn. II and Shalm. III; ina li-mu PN OIP 2 61 iv tinues to take my slave girls as security
61, 62 v 1 (Senn.), note: ina li-me(var. -mi) PN TCL 14 46:7, of. BIN 4 67:18; kaspum ana
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lImu A limu A
Alim lillikma ina Alim ula agarabuni ana li- Kanis, thus said the 1.-officers BIN 4 103:1
mi-im habbulu lilqeu ula agar PN a-li-mi-im and 8; kima kdrim PN PN2 u PN3 li-mu-u
habbulu lilqeu the silver should go to the kaspam ilqeu acting for the kdrum, the 1.-
City and they should take (it) in the City, officers PN, PN2 and PN 3 received the silver
whether our father is indebted to the eponym (from PN 4) Kiiltepe e/k 56:8, cited Balkan Ob-
or whether PN is indebted to the eponym servations p. 99 No. 6, cf. 1 TUG kutdnam ina
MVAG 33 No. 257:15 and 18; kaspam 1 MA. li-mi-im PN u PN2 ana qdtija addi I put one
NA a wdsztika 9a tuebilanni misi erisuni. kutanu-garment on my account under the
ma adSumika palhdkuma ula a-<di>-inumma 1.-officer(s) PN and PN2 CCT 1 22a: 13; li-mu-
andkuma li-mu-um lerubamma bitam libuk um PN u PN 2 CCT 5 42b: 11 and 15; note:
the miuiu-officers demanded from me one li-mu-u PN u PN2 the 1.-officers (are) PN and
mina of silver for your wasitu-tax, (for) what PN2 (note on a loan document indebting the
you have sent to me, I was afraid for you kdrum, both persons having sealed the tablet)
and did not give (them the silver), saying: CCT 1 4:13; luqutum istu ekallim urdamma
"Let the eponym come in and turn the house siprui a Alim u li-mu annakam ana hubul PN
upside down" RA 59 159 MAH 16209:24; ina Sa ana ASSur habbulu ana bit karim the
1 MA.NA 5 GIN K.BABBAR wa-si-tdm Sa Spika merchandise came down from the palace and
A.BA 5 GiN ana li-mi-im PN from the one then the envoys of the City and the 1.-
mina five shekels of silver, the wasitu-tax for officers (of the kdrum) (brought) to the
your caravan, five shekels thereof for the administration building of the kdrum the tin
eponym PN VAT 9218:32 (unpub.); dipkdt PN for the debt of PN for which he was indebted
niaim 9a ana PN,2apku idti li-mu-um (sic) to Assur OIP 27 57:38; uncert.: 12 TfG kutdni
a'am I bought from the eponym the deposits 1 TVGraqqatamanabit karim addi ina li-mi-ni
of our PN which he had deposited for PN2 I deposited twelve kutanu-garments (and)
TCL 14 20:8; x kaspam ana li-mi-im PN. one thin garment in the office of the kdru
habbulaku I owe x silver to the eponym PN in our eponymy CCT 1 28b: 4.
TCL 4 21:9, cf. kaspam anali-mi-im ihaAsuhu For lists of eponyms see in OA, Balkan
andku hurdsam a-li-mi-im addin isti li-mi- Observations 79ff.; in Mari, Studia Mariana 53f.;
im idassiuma kaspam ... ihasuhu kaspam in MA and NA, RLA 2 412ff., HUCA 24 187ff.,
adaqqal they are asking for silver for the AfO 13 308ff., AfO 16 213ff., AfO 17 100ff.; in
eponym, I gave gold to the eponym, should Sultantepe, AnSt 3 15ff.; in Chagar Bazar,
they claim it from the eponym and ask for Iraq 7 47ff.; in Tell Rimah, Iraq 30 88, 95.
(three or four minas of) silver, I will pay the
silver VAT 9224:26ff.; addumi aim ... li- limu A in bit limi s.; office of the limu-
ma-am nikassi as for the ahi'u-metal, we official; OA; cf. limu A.
will demand it from the eponym TCL 14
23:33. t
x silver under my seals asser Sa kima jdti
an[a ]zubullija a li-mi-im Saqlim PN ubil
PN has brought to my representatives to
b) an official in the Anatolian colonies: pay my debts to the 1.-office BIN 6 159:7;
PN li-mu-um kima karim annakam ana PN, 1 MA.NA kaspam ana E li-mi-im nisqul we
ipqid PN, the I.-officer, acting for the kdrum have paid one mina of silver to the 1.-office
entrusted the tin to PN2 Kiiltepe a/k 849:6, RA 59 164 MAH 19611:15; ina ~ li-mi-im Sim
cited Balkan Observations p. 9 8 No. 3; li-mu-um E-ta-ku-nu ibbattaq in the 1.-office the price
PN PN2 u PN3 ana PN4 rdbisim isbutuniatima of your .... will be deducted CCT 5 8a: 11;
tamalakki kmcunukk Sa kcrim KdniS ... ipqidu addumi amiftim u husdre Sa tadpuranni A
umma li-mu-u-ma the .-officer(s) PN, PN, li-mi-im ula iddunu as to the amtu-metal
and PN, made us appear before PN4 , the and the .... that you wrote me about, they
commissioner, and entrusted (to him) the will not give (them) out at the 1.-office TCL 14
containers with the seals of the kdrum of 9:4, cf. (in obscure context) Sa [61 l[i]-mi-im
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ltmu B llmu B
JSOR 11 111 No. 2:22; note: [tu]ppuu bit 3' in OB: 1 li-im 27 UDU. I.A UET 5
PN [li]-mi-im ibaSSi his tablet is in the 111:29; let them come here 1 li-im 2 li-im
house of PN, the 1.-officer CCT 1 lla:10. 5 li-mi 10 li-mi adi gamartidina one thousand,
two, even five and ten thousand, the entire
limu B s.; one thousand; from OAkk. on, lot of them Bagh. Mitt. 2 58 iii 32f., cf. qadum
Akk. lw. in Sum., Akkadogram in Bogh.; 1 li-mi ERIN.HI.A ibid. 37, cf. also TIM 2 92:11,
wr. syll. (in OB abbr. li, in NA li'mu ABL 97:31; abbr. to li: 1 li 2 me 24 Ug.UDU.I.A
435:18) and LIM (i.e., the ligature 10+ME); TCL 10 24 r. 32, Riftin 112:41, 47, YOS 2 52:8,
cf. lima, limu B in rab limi. TCL 1 177:19, 1 li 5 me ERIN KrausAbB 1 2:8,
1
ugula.li.im OB Proto-Lu 173; ugula.l. - and passim.
mulim = akil li-me Lu IT ii 9', Lu Excerpt I 177,
also Igituh short version 230. 4' in Mari, Shemshara, Chagar Bazar:
12 li-mi sdbum ... ilem ARM 6 27 r. 8' (= RA
a) in gen.: ana li-im ilani lu L5.KRM.MES
42 44f.:16), cf. 2 li-im HA.NA.ME§ ... u 3 li-
attunu may you be considered enemies by
mi sdbam attadin ARM 1 42:10f., cf. also ARM
all the thousand gods KBo 1 1 r. 68, cf. aSSum
10 155:11, etc.; 10 li-mi samritim ARM 1
amate sa libbi tuppi anniti satru 1 li-im ilani
38:4, etc.; itti sdbim 3 li-mi illakunim Laessoe
lu idd as to the words written in this tablet,
Shemshara Tablets 77 SH 812:14; NIG.DU 2
all the thousand gods do indeed know (them)
MRS 9 43 RS 17.227:49; may the necklace li-im 7 me 70 sabim provisions for 2,770 men
Iraq 7 62 A 926:4 (Chagar Bazar).
hang around the neck of my brother ana 1
me-at li-im sanati for one hundred thousand 5' in Alalakh, EA, Bogh., RS, Nuzi and
years EA 21:39, cf. 23:27; note the WSem. MB: 3 kaqquru erd Auqultasunu(!) 1 li-im
pl. dUTU li-mi-ma (to the feet of the king, 2 ME three ingots of copper weighing 1,200
my lord) the sun of the thousands EA 205:6; (units) Wiseman Alalakh 401:2, and passim,
adu li-'-mi-su lissipu ... liddinu let them 1 li-im GI.KAK.UD.TAG.GA.HI.A one thousand
(the gods) bestow (these blessings) a thousand- arrowheads ibid. 431:1; 1 li-im 4 me 40 GfN
fold ABL 435:18, cf. adu 1 LIM-si ... likrubu KT.BABBAR EA 25 iii 65; 1 li-im GIN ina
ABL 434:6, also 6 r. 14, 519:20; ina li-mu mu: Suqultigu EA 29:34, etc.; li-im narkabati
tdni Sarru ... ubtal[lit]anni the king has uqarribaddumma KBo 110:42; 12 lim 13 [...]
saved me from a thousand deaths ABL 992 KUB 3 77 r. 5, etc.; 2 li-im KT.BABBAR 1 li-im
r. 16 (all NA). KIT.GI MRS 6 92 RS 16.189:15, cf. 4 li-im
KT.BABBAR MRS 9 176 RS 17.346:5, etc.;
b) as a numeral - 1' in early texts:
6 li-mi 2 me-at (bricks) (ig-Kizilyay NRVN 1 bronze objects uqultagunu 2 Gl 1 li-im 5 ME
MRS 6 185 RS 16.146+ :27, and passim in this
318:1 (Ur III); 2 li.mu.um erin lu.gis.
sukur 1 li.mu.um erin 16.gis.ban 2 text; 5 li-mi u 6 ma-ti bappiri HSS 13 28:1,
2 li-mu 3 ma-at GI.ME§ ibid. 116:1, and passim;
li.mu.um erin lu durx(§EN).tab.ba two
thousand lancers, one thousand archers, two at harvest time 1 nu-bi u 5 li-mi utdr he will
thousand ax bearers F. A. Ali Sumerian Letters deliver one nubi and 5,000 (bricks) JEN
B 5: 8ff. (let. of Lipit-Istar). 630:7; even if you were to send me 3 lim Gf
sa hurdsi three thousand talents of gold (I
2' in OA: 1 li-im 5 me-at Se-am tezib would not accept it) EA 4:49.
TCL 19 66:15, cf. li-im se-um ... ibbitika
6' in MA: 3 li-me 5 me SIG4 .[MES] KAJ
Sapik RA 58 122 Sch. 21:21; 2 li-im URUDv
erisima addissum he asked me for two 161:3, also 111:8; 1 lim 7 me (sheep) AfO10
41 No. 95:7.
thousand (units of) copper and I gave (them)
to him KT Hahn 14:40, cf. 4 li-me URUDU 7' in math., lit.: ana 1 li-im for one
sikkum BIN 4 160:1, 10 li-me-e URUDU ... thousand (men) TMB 99 No. 196:4; 4 li-im 3
iqbiam KT Hahn 14:4, 2 li-me 80 NINDA meat it 20 MCT p. 18 PTS 247 u.e.; 2 me 54
ICK 1 181:44. lim LU.[ME§] AOB 1 54:29 (Arik-dan-ili); 20
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llmu B IIpilipi
lim 9 lim (= 29,000) alill (see ciilu usage c) ever, the Sum. equivalence DUB suggests an
WO 1 57:17 (Shalm. III), cf. 20 lim 2 imr interpretation as lemu = le'u tablet.
8Sbe u ibid. 462 ii 8; 2 U lim ERIN AnSt 5
102:85 (SB Cuthean legend), of. JCS 11 85 iii 2, 4, limu D s.; region, neighborhood; NB;
6 (OB version). cf. lami.
li-i-mu Sa AMBAR Har-ra-tum panit Dir-
8' in NA and NB letters: ina muhhi UDU. Ugum AnOr 9 19:1, cf. li-i-mu a Hulhullu
NITA.MEA li-mi 9a barru ... iapuranni ABL ibid. 39, also li(m)-i-mu a bcb mahiri ina Bit-
1206:6 (NA); 4 lim qaqqar me9hu ina muhhija Amlkdnu ibid. 47, added up as qaqqar ina
I am charged with a section of 4,000 qaqqaru- ihu GN ibid. 56; obscure: 1-en li-i-mu pa-ni
.a
units YOS 3 33:5, cf. 4 lim GUR su uppi DN VAS4 187:8.
anandankunu YOS 3 169:7, x + 220 lim
agurru TCL 9 102:10, and passim in NB. limitu s.; (mng. uncert.); lex.*; cf. lamiv.
gi~.an.ti.bal.nigin -= sa-ad-du li-mu-tum
c) in the designations of military officials: (var. la-mu-4) Hh. IV 26.
see lex. section; in Bogh.: UGTOLA L.ME
LI-IM KBo 3 1 (- 2 BoTU 23 A) ii 22 (Telepinu liparu (lupdru, libaru) s.; (a fruit tree);
proclamation), UGULA LI-IM KUB 13 7 i 11, 20 OA, OB, Elam, Bogh., SB; wr. syll. and GI§.
i 4, and passim, see Sommer-Falkenstein Bil. index GE 6 .PlR.
p. 248; UGULA LI-IM E-RI IBoT 1 36 ii 54, 58, gi .gee.par 4 = lu-pa-ru (vars. lu-pa-a-ru, li-pa-
etc.; note UGULA LI-IM-ti IBoT 1 36 i 63, r[u], li-ba-ri) Hh. III 156, gil.MIN.kur.ra = MIN
UGULA LT.ME! LI-IM-tum KUB 14 14 i 14, 17, oadi mountain-,. ibid. 157, see MSL 6 p. 163.
KUB 17 16 iv 9, 11; in MB Alalakh: UGULA. a) in gen.: umma ina mulpali ali GIB.
li-im Wiseman Alalakh 172:38, 222:26; in RS: GE6 .PAR innamir if in the lower part of a
L1.UGULA li-im Ugaritica 5 No. 52:27, also MRS
city a 1.-tree is seen CT 39 11:55, cf. ibid. 44,
12 52:4 and 9. 12:11 and 27 (SB Alu); note as "Flurname" in
Note the use of the pseudo-logogram LIM Elam: eqlu a lupal li-ba-ri a PN the field
with added gund for 10,000 in Bogh. (Forrer, which is below the 1.-tree of PN MDP 22
BoTU 1 p. 23 note to sign list No. 354) and in 71:1, also (all referring to the same area) 155:11,
EA: 9 Ioi+gun4 ERIN.ME§ GR EA 170 22. a li-ba-ri MDP 23 206:22; note (a field)
See also imhur-lim. PAD Sa GIs li-ba-ri bordering(?) on the 1.-tree
MDP 23 234:23; naruqqum a fli-bal-ri-im a
Goetze, JNES 5 194.
leather bag with 1. (uncert.) BIN 6 218:8 (OA).
llmu B in rab limi s.; commander over
b) inrit. and med. use: dates, apples li-
one thousand men; NB; cf. limu B.
ba-a-ra (and raisins, for a potion) KUB 37 55
PN L4 GAL 1 LIM ABL 774 r. 7; as iv 6 (rit.); in pharm.: t GIS.GE 6 .PXR : A.[DAR]
"family name" YOS 7 130:12. Kocher BAM 1 iv 23; U.GE 6 .PAR : i bhimit sti
ibid. i 53; PA GIB.GEg.PA - .-leaves (as in-
Imu C (li'mu) s.; family, clan; lex.*;
gredient for poultices) Kocher BAM 3 iv 5, 112
WSem. word.
i 21, 124 i 33, Kiichler Beitr. pl. 9 ii 42, 59, 63,
U-'*DUB = li-mu (in group with ummanu, niru)
Erimhus VI 1.
pl. 10f. iii 14, 60, 64, and passim, AMT 7,2:4, 24,5:9,
26,3:4, 53,10:4, 57,6:10, 58,2:7, 74 iii 5, 12,
ki-i-mu, ki-ma-tum, li-i-mu = ki-im-tu Explicit
Malku I 316ff.; li-i-mu, ni-i-rum, rum-mal-[nu] = 69,3:9, (for a bath) AMT 15,3:21, 69,2:7, 70,7 i
MIN (= ERIN) ibid. 89ff.; mad-Ju-u, ta-li-mu, li-'-mu, 13, (to blow into the ears) AMT 36,1:8; uncert.:
im-nu LTBA 2 1 vi 53-56, dupls. (omitting li'mu) ina mubBi lu-be-ri(?) (in broken context) Ebe-
ibid. 2:390ff., Malku I 136-138, Explicit Malku I ling Parfimrez. p. 43:47.
273-4.
In TCL 10 81:5 read lijaru, see tijaru.
The Erimhus ref. is cited here on the basis
of the context of Explicit Malku I 89ff.; how- lipilIpi see liblibbu.
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lipiltu liplippu
lipiltu see lipitu. c) in ext. - 1' in gen.: Jummaina libbi
marti li-pig-tum if inside the gall bladder
lipigkigfi s.; (an internal disease); RS*; there is 1. CT 31 26 r. 11; Summa bab ekallim
Sum. lw. li-pi-id-tam mali if the "gate of the palace"
mur-ki-ga-a li-pis-ki-ga-a disease of the is full of 1. YOS 10 24:28 and 25:15 (OB);
lungs, disease of the heart Ugaritica 5 No. Jumma martu kima li-pid-ti if the gall bladder
17:36 (inc.). looks like 1. CT 30 12:14.
Loan from Sum. lipi .gig.ga.
2' referring to a specific part or feature of
lipitatu s.; vulva; SB; cf. lipitu. the exta: Summa ina kutalli MU§EN ina
uzu.lugal.ha.na.nam.x, uzu.kur.pa.pah, umelim ina irti li-pi-i.-tim ina libbi eemtim
uzu.pa.pah, uzu.min.6, uzu.x.l = li-piS- sAmum nadi if there is a red mark behind
sd-ti Hh. XV 210-214; [uzu.ku]r.pa.pah =
the "bird" on the left on the "chest" of the
li-pi-Scd-tu = bi-is-su-ru Hg. B IV 22, in MSL 9 34.
1. inside the "bone" YOS 10 52 ii 12 and dupl.
singu la inamdinaniSSi [a]na kapdri Sa 51
ii 13, cf. Summa ... ina libbi li-pi-iS-tim
remisa ana kapdri Sa li-pis-6d-ti-d4 they
iimi .ina ... nadi YOS 10 51 i 33 and 52 i 31
should not give her a rag to wipe her vagina,
(OB).
to wipe her vulva Lambert, JSS 4 10 b 7, also 5.
2. (a plant): see Hh., Hg., in lex. section.
lipittu (lipiltu) s.; 1. (an abnormal fleshy
or membranous substance), 2. (a plant), 3. descent, offspring: see Ai.III iii 25, in
3. descent, offspring; OB, SB; pl. lipdti; lex. section.
wr. syll. and (uzu.)NU; cf. lipiSSatu. In Kocher BAM 124 iii 47 read BfL-te (= qcaite).
nu-u NU = li-pi-i5-tum MSL 2 139 C 18 (Proto- Landsberger, MSL 1 146f.
Ea); [ki].sur.ra = l[i]-piS-tum Kagal C 289;
I.ti.ki.§im.tab = li-pis-tu MSL 9 p. 93:72 lipittu s.; disease, work, craft; OA, MB,
(list of diseases). SB; cf. lapdtu.
. sim.Hu.na = [li-pis-tum] Hh. XVII gap d i;
a) disease: qa-at mu-u-tum li(!)-pi-tum
[d.sim].x.ri.na = l[i]-pis-tum = §epa e-ri-b[i]
Hg. B IV 188, u. im.erin6 = li-pil-tum = MIN (Sum. destroyed) CT 16 50:5; li-pi-it-tum
(= [6ep e-ri-bi]) Hg. D 218, in MSL 10 103ff.; ibadi there will be disease ACh Adad 31:57;
ral-ri-b[i]
U SIM.ERIN : li-pi-t[ic] // I GiRII Uruanna PN li-pi-tu annitu iltapassi that (same)
III 426. disease has affected PN (contrast ana PN, u
nu.bar.bar.ra : li-pis-tu a-hi-tu alien off-
spring Ai. III iii 25. PN, Sulmu Jerrinatab) BE 17 31:5 (MB let.).
1. (an abnormal fleshy or membranous b) work, craft: maltdtu li-pi-it-ti dTAG.

substance) - a) in med.: summa s;ndtuSu TUoG A iggir the weaving, the craft of the
IGI-ma li-pis-t i.MEs-ni if you examine(?) goddess Uttu, will not come out well KAR
his urine and 1. comes out (followed by uzv. 178 ii 74 and dupl. 176 r. i 26 (hemer.), see also
ME- .ME§-ni) Labat TDP 136:52; [Summa liptu A mng. lb.
ina(?) IG]I-s4 li-pid-tum if in(?) his eyes c) (uncert. mng.): ina li-pi-tf A9Sur ina
there is 1. AMT 16,1:16. pudSim li &m BIN 6 33:24; li-pi-ta-am Kir.
b) in Izbu: summa sinnitu uzU.NU ulid BABBAR 1 GiN liliama TCL 4 29:23.
if a woman gives birth to t.(parallels: mem- For refs. to lipittu as var. to liptu see
brane, secundine) Leichty Izbu I 31, cf. CH § 266:77, VAB 4 258 ii 21, Or. NS 36 116:7,
[Summa] sinnitu 2 lu 3 lip-d-ti ulid ibid. 32; cited liptu A. For CCT 3 25:24 see the emenda-
summa sinnitu Uzv.Nv aoGD ulid if a woman tion to -li bi 4-ti-ka sub amaru A mng. 5
gives birth to 1. of a bull(?) ibid. 27, also CT 28 (mnu).
40 K.6286:6 (SB Alu), Aumma iz NTu ulid
lipiu see lipd.
if a goat gives birth to I. (in similar context)
Leichty Izbu XVIII 29, cf. ibid. XIX 22. liplippu see liblibbu.
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lippu liptu A
lippu (lappu) s.; tampon, wad, burl; SB, 16 184, cf. 1.TA.AM lap-pi Jip-pi Sa uqn&ti idi
NA; cf. lappu. ana idi tdl-pap RA 18 162:11, also K.4727:24
a) in med. use: li-ip-pi ammite ina la and 28 and dupl. K.9071:15, cited Landsberger,
mudaniute inasSiu they are applying these JCS 21 147 n. 39.
tampons (for the nosebleed) ineptly ABL 108 c) wool tuft at the end of a drumstick:
r. 7 (NA); 7 Tf.gI.A teten lap-pi tdl-pap ana libbi lap-pi a sikkati (in broken context) RAcc.
uzniSu tasakkan lap-pi latku you bray these 18 iv 13.
seven medications, roll a wad, put (it) into Since the medical texts always use the
his ears (which suppurate), (these are) proved spelling lap-pi, not lip-pi or li-ip-pi, the
tampons Kocher BAM 3 iv 21f., dupl. ibid. 410:7, possibility that a form lappu (parallel to
RA 53 16 r. 26, cf. 3 T.HI.A lap-pi Sa uzni ibid. kannu, q.v.) also existed cannot be excluded.
27f., cf. also 15 V.I.A lap-pi a qat etemmi von Soden, Or. NS 22 258; Landsberger,
dam ereni tasallah ana libbi uzniSu tasakkan JCS 21 147 n. 40.
Kocher BAM 3 iv 19, Sipta ... ana muhhi lap-
liptanu adj.; spotted; MB*; cf. lapdtu.
pi tamannu ana libbi uzniu tasakkan AMT
33,1:23, lap-pa tdl-pap Samna tasallah ana li-ip-ta-ni (in broken context, designating
Sasurrisa tasakkan you make a tampon, a horse) PBS 2/2 90:16.
sprinkle it with oil, place it in her vagina Balkan Kassit. Stud. p. 29.
Kocher BAM 240:49. liptu A s.; 1. (handi)work, craft, creation
(with ref. to human beings), touch (in the
b) in magic use: ina birit abne 7 lap-pi physical sense), (in the plural) sense of touch,
tdl-pap 7 riksi tarakkas ... ina gep
imittiSu 2. affliction, disease, 3. (discolored) spot,
tarakkassu between the stones you wind 4. lipit qdti ritual act; from OAkk. on;
seven burls, you tie seven knots, you tie it on pl. liptatu; wr. syll. and (NiG.)TAG; cf. lapdtu.
his right foot BE 31 60 r. i 4, also ii 16, Kocher
[gis.tag.ga] = li-ip-tum Kagal E Part 3:54;
BAM 354 iv 16, cf. ina SIG SAg 7 lap-pi tdl-pap udu.su.tag.ga = MIN (= immer) li-pit MIN (= qa-
7 kisri tarakkas sipta tamannilma tarakkassu tur) sheep for the performance of an extispicy
CT 23 10:25, of. Kocher BAM 351:10; ina uqs (after immer mnIqatu) Hh. XIII 145; izi.TAGta. ga
ndti 7 lap-pi tcl-pap ema lap-pi (var. tal-pap) = li-pi-it i-[jdc-ti] touched (i.e., burned) by fire
Izi I 73; vMsu-mugMI, SU.UM, SA.UM = [li-ip-tum]
Sipta ... tamannu ina qdt Sumelisu tarakkassu
Nabnitu G 1 ii 10ff.
you wind seven burls of blue wool, you recite lugal su.du 1 .ga.ni me.en : Marram li-pi-it
an incantation over every wrapping, you qd-ti-§u ia-ti me, the king, his handiwork RA 39
bind (it) around his left hand STT 111:9f., 7:33 (Samsuiluna), cf. RA 63 34:65.
var. from AMT 46,1 ii 6; 7 P.II.A ina [tab]arri 1. (handi)work, craft, creation (with ref.
tdl-pap ma lap-pi dam ereni talappat you to human beings), touch (in the physical
wrap the seven medications in red wool, dab sense), (in the plural) sense of touch -
cedar resin on every wrapping BE 31 60 ii 10, a) handiwork (referring to royal building
also (with ina itqi ta-la-pap) AMT 14,3:14, activities, rarely to private acts) - 1' in gen.:
cf. [siG s]A5 SiG BABBAR ahenn tetemmi ina sa mimma li-ip-ti-a ... u assa[ku] he who
MURU 4-si-nu lap-pa tll-pap you spin sepa- desecrates any work of mine AOB 1 14 No.
rately red and white wool (thread), in their 7:45 (IriSum); li-ip-tam Saniam la ilappat he
middle you wind a burl (tie it over his eyes) should not undertake any other work VAS 16
AMT 11,1:37, cf. also lap-pi [f kur-ka]-nam 189:29, jdSim li-ip-ti naddnam (obscure)
tdl-pap STT 273 i 27, restored from i 17, 3 lap- UET 5 6:9 (both OB letters); obscure: qdt
pi ta-lap-pap ina kisallidu tarakkassu Kocher Istar MU TAG-te Labat TDP 88 r. 17, also
BAM 194 ii 3, cf. CT 23 3:17, AMT 1,4:23, 47,3 iii adum TAG-te u NA.NUNUZ ibid. r. 5, assum
11, of. also Kocher BAM 410:4; 7 lap-pi hpp- TAG-te ibid. 60 r. 46', and see erimmatu
pu .a 7 sirpanital-pap you make seven burls, mng. Ic; li-ip-ti-u (obscure) TCL 20 88:34
a .... of seven colors 4R 55 No. 1:5, see ZA (OA).
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liptu A liptu A
2' with qtu: li-pit u-9i i.Sir his handi- 18 r. 9, Li-pi-it-dIM CT 8 30c:2, and passim,
work will succeed CT 39 4:39, cf. RA 13 29:27, Li-pi-it-Sin BIN 7 18:1, and passim, Li-pi-it-
also TAG SU-su NU SI.sA CT 39 46:50 (SB Alu); Ir-ra CT 6 40a: 5; Li-pi-it-dA.BA TIM 5 4:20
li-pit Su-si l[i ir] Bab. 4 105:18, cf. li-pit and seal (all OB); Li-pi-si-li-e-er May-His-
qa-te-ka s[I.sA] KAR 226 iv 10; mimma lip-ta- Creation-Prosper ARMT 12 263:16, 164:15.
at suI-ia limmahirma panusun may all my
2' lipit qti: the gods turned their faces
pious works be accepted by them (the gods)
ana RN li-pi-it qd-ti-su-nu YOS 9 35 ii 65;
Lyon Sar. pl. 18:101; epSet eteppuSu lip-ta-at
uII-ia qerebSun aStur I wrote therein the Sarram li-pi-it q4-ti-Su jati CT 37 2 i 33 (both
Samsuiluna); li-pit su dAruru creatures of
deeds which I had achieved, the pious
Aruru (i.e., mankind) Lambert BWL 86:258;
(building) work which I had done Borger
Tukulti-Ninurta li-pit qa-at dIM Weidner
Esarh. 28 Ep. 40:15, cf. OIP 2 84:56 (Senn.); asu
Tn. 26 No. 26:17; li-pit §U I I a ildni Tadmor,
sipri ekallija suteSuri u li-pit SuII-ia sullume
Eretz Israel 5 156 K.4730 r. 22 (Sar.), re'i kinu
in order to continue successfully the work on
li-pit SU" Ea VAB 4 230 i 2 (Nbn.).
my palace and to finish the work (initiated)
by myself OIP 2 107 vi 46 (Senn.) and dupl.; d) touch (in the physical sense), (in the
episti li-pi-it qd-ti-ia libur VAB 4 64 iii 40 plural) sense of touch: arum li-pi-itnapistim
(Nabopolassar), cf. (with lulabbir) ibid. 190 ii 3 concerning the "touching of the throat" (i.e.,
(Nbk.); li-pi-it qa-ti-ia bad~s naplisma look the oath ceremony) ARM 2 77:5, cf. ina tuppi
kindly upon the work of my hands ibid. 144 li-pi-it napistim ibid. 12; dulak muttallik
ii 27, and passim in similar formulations in Nbk., miii sa TAG-S miitu DN who walks at night,
also CT 37 19:46, (with added Auquru) PBS 15 whose touch spells death KAR 58:45, cf. the
79 iii 87, cf. also VAB 4 216 ii 31 (Ner.), and, sorceress [sa l]i-pit-sa mitu Maqlu III 81, see
wr. li-pit-ti qa-ti-ia ibid. 258 ii 21 (Nbn.); note AfO 21 74; lip(var. li-ip)-ti-id uda'imu hasiZ
ana li-pi-it qc-ti-ia elleti lihdd panika may sija isbatu they have dulled my sense of
your face shine with joy over the work of touch, taken away my hearing KAR 80 r. 32
my pure hands ibid. 148 No. 18:12,
and cf. and dupls., see Landsberger, WO 3 52 n. 27d.
li-pi-it qd-ti-ia kiniS mugurma ibid. 204
2. affliction, disease - a) in gen.: if he
No. 44:5 (Nbk.); difficult: may they, upon
falls sick on the first day and GAR TAG-ti [... ]
your (the gods') command mimma lip-ta-at
the nature of the affliction [...] Labat
SvII-s4-un li-sam-si-ku [ina] Sipir dNN.SI.
TDP 168:108, 176:55 (subscript), Iraq 18 131:3'
Ki make all their (the artists') handiwork
(catalog); rikis TAG-it GIG KAR 44 r. 12; li-ip-
succeed(?) through the craft of DN Borger
tu-si dan maris addannis his disease is
Esarh. 82 r. 19.
serious, he is very sick ABL 1:15 (NA); ttbat
b) craft: I had apsasi-figures made of hissati ulum baldtu lip-tur (var. [l]i-pit-ti)
white limestone ina lip-ta-at dNIN.KUR.RA in Sulmu ustanamdana teneSetu mention of me
erset GN in GN, by the technique of the is sweet, (meaning) well-being and health,
goddess Ninkurra OIP 2 108 vi 77 and dupl. people discuss it (i.e., my name, whether in)
122:12 (Senn.). sickness (or) good health Or. NS 36 116:7
(hymn of Gula); 8 nisip .a samni ana li-ip-ti
c) creation, with ref. to human beings -
sa alpe eight measures of oil for the disease of
1' in personal names: dSu-dEN.zu-li-pi-it-4-a
the cattle YOS 6 190:2; lip-tu nuSurri ussi
Su-Sin-Is-the-Creation-of-Ea UET 3 1357:14,
zumrusiu remove from his body disease (and)
Li-pin-it-i-li YOS 1 10:20 (OAkk.); Li-pi-it-
defect BA 5 629 No. 4 iv 23 (prayer for Sargon).
Istar CCT 3 11:6, and passim, also Li-ip-ti-
Istar KTS 60d: 1, and passim, Li-ip-ta-nim b) plague, pestilence - 1' lipit ili, lipit
(= Lipt-Anim) CCT 1 4:3, and passim in OA; Irra, etc.: umma ina tarbasi li-pi-it(var.
Li-pit-da-tar Creation-of-Istar CT 13 45 adds -ti) ilim ittabli if plague (lit. a god-
K.2973:4, and passim, Li-ip-ti-dMAR.TU VAS 13 caused disease) occurs in a sheepfold CH
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liptu A lipfi
§ 266:77; TAG-it dMA§.TAB.BA Boissier DA 211 I
pit) AU biniq UD.NITA nage niqDDit-ti UAL-te
Rm. 130 r. 4; li-pit dNAM.TAR ACh Supp. 2 Sin Maqlu VII 125, var. from LKA 128:8, also JAOS
23:5; li-pit aEN.ZU KAR 211:11 (diagn. omens); 59 13 No. 8:9; TAG §U
Jziniq immeri ...
di-hu ... dlrra mitdni Unger Bel-harran-
TAG nipiti bdr4te KAR 26:42; suppeja i.mdma
beli-ussur 27; miqit iati uahu TAG-it (var. uESiru li-pit §u I I-ia they heard my prayers,
li-pit) Irra Streck Asb. 32 iii 126 and 134, also made my extispicy come out well OIP 2 81:30
Winckler Sar. pl. 47 r. 71. (Senn.); liglimma giltaggd litaklil li-pi-it
qd-ti-ia (see gi.taggi) VAB 4 148 iv 16 (Nbk.).
2' with qatu: TAG §U dNer[gal] Labat TDP
104 iii 10. b) in reports: 1 sILA4 li-pi-it qd-tim ana
3. (discolored) spot - a) in physiogn. DN Bab. 2 pl. 6:1, also Bab. 3 pl. 9:1, JCS 11 92
omens: summa li-ip-tum pelc ina qaqqad No. 6:1, JCS 21 222 F 1 (all OB), l[i]-pi-it
ameli Sakin if there is a reddish spot on the qd-tim Marduk BE 14 4:1, cf. RA 14 146 N.
head of a man Kraus Texte 50:35, cf. DIS 105:1 and 29 (MB).
TAG-tum SA ina [...] ibid. 9d r. 23', DID lip- For BIN 6 93:4 see lilliitu, see also lipittu
tum M[I .. .] ibid. r. 15'; if on the right of his usage c.
face TAG-turn CT 28 29 r. 15; DID li-ip-tum- Ad mng. 4: Goetze, JCS 11 p. 94.
ma 1 siG [r1 if there is a spot and a single liptu A in 9a lipti s.; (mng. uncert.);
hair grows out of it Kraus Texte 7 r. 14'; DUB
OB lex.*; cf. lapdtu.
1.KAM DI§ TAG-turn first tablet (of the section)
lu.su.tag.ga = Ja l[i-i]p-tim (or ih-[z]u-tim),
"if a spot" ibid. 50 r. 37, [x DUB].MES [summa] zu-hu-nu OB Lu A 413f.
fli]-[ip]-ti Iraq 24 59:47 (catalog of physiogn.
liptu B s.; (a vegetable); SB.
omens); DI NA li-ip-ti ina qaqqadiSu (incipit)
TCL 6 12 vi 3. su-un-gi-ra ina lip-ti (var. lip-[ti]) u sip-
pa-ta ina KU.NU.LUH.HA ta-pat-tan you will
b) in ext.: DID bamtum imittam la-ap-ta- eat sungiru-plants with 1. and sippatu with
at-ma li-pi-st rabi if the thorax(?) is affected tijatu-vegetables 2R 60 No. 1 r. i 8, var. from
on the right side and the spot is large YOS 10 K.6392 in Bab. 7 pl. 16, see TuL p. 18, cf. su-un-
48 r. 41 and 49:13 (OB behavior of sacrificial gi-ra ina lip-ti ba-qi-qa-ti ina ku-zu-ub-la-te-e
lamb); if the right/left kidney is full of spots ibid. ii 14, cf. also baqiqdtu ina lip-ti [...]
(lupputat) u TAG-sa MI and its spot is black ibid. r. i 22.
KAR 152:28 f.; summa ina makan Sulmi lip- The reading liptu instead of laptu proposed
turn ?alim if the spot on the emplacement of here is based on the variant spellings of the
the Sulmu is black TCL 6 3 r. 11. word. On the other hand, laptu "turnip"
would fit the context.
c) other occ.: li-pi-us-si iktum (in broken
context) RB 59 246 str. 7:8 (OB lit.). lipf (lipiu, lipu, lepu) s.; 1. adipose tissue,
fat, tallow, 2. marrow, pith; OB, Bogh.,
4. lipit qdti ritual act (specifically referring Nui, SB; wr. syll. and i.UDU, Uzv.i.UDU.
to ext.) - a) in gen.: see Hh. XIII 145, in lex. [i].uD = li-i-pu-um Proto-Diri 500f.; [uzu.
section; sheep destined for the temple ana ... ] = li-pu ir-ru Practical Vocabulary Assur 929;
li-pi-it qd-ti VAS 7 84:3 (OB); li-pi-it qa-ti ki gi, = li-pu-a Lanu A 40.
ads tertu ana [...] when I performed the u 4 .de urudu.sen.mab.am.e uzu.i.UDU in.
ur.ur.re : imu kima senni sirti li-pa-a ia-dS-Sd-ds
ritual, the oracular decision [...] PBS 1/2 theiimu-demon contains (his victims) as (effectively
58:7 (MB let.); 1 SILA4 li-pi-it U BE 15 145:2, as) a large copper pot does fat BA 5 617 No. 1: 11f.;
cf. 14 (snLA4 ) li-pi-it vu PBS 2/2 83:8 (both i.udu sigs.ga ugu.bi b .en.zal.zal : li-pu-u
MB); NfG.TAG ~u I I epiti bariti JNES 15 damqu elibu Jutabri (see bitrzi v. lex. section)
BA 10/1 81 No. 7:8f. and dupl., Craig ABRT 2
142:61'; nikqtilu IGI li-pit §u- sI.sA his
ll:13f.
prayer will be accepted, his extispicy will bi-gil-tt(var. -turn), le-e-pu, Sar-bu = li-pu-u(var.
come out well 4R 33* i 15; TAG (var. Sd li- -ti) Malku II 246ff.
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lips lipa
1. adipose tissue, fat, tallow - a) adipose GI.GIGIr-ti ana PN 1 MA.NA li-pu-u ana
tissue, fat: alpu li-pi-a-am lu mal the oxen iSkariu a PN2 nadin two minas of tallow
should be well filled out with fat TLB 4 11:24 for the chariot to PN, one mina of tallow for
(OB let.); 4umma lahru nea ulidma i.UDU his job is given to PN, (beside items of oil)
ina <ap>-pi-S GAR if a ewe gives birth to a HSS 13 142:17 and 19; note: 2 MA.NA li-pu-u
lion and it has fat on its nose Leichty Izbu ana 2 KU.ME§ Sa nu-hi 4 mi-iA-mu-un-nu ana
V 61, cf. ,umma lahtru nea ulidma T S.BI GI .GIGIR.MES (obscure) HSS 13 198:11 (trans-
UZU.i.UDU kussa if a ewe gives birth to a lion lit. only); .LUDUmagarri takaddad you rub
and it is completely enveloped with fat with grease (used to grease) wheels LKA 84
ibid. 64, cf. also ibid. 62f.; umma tallu li-pi-a- r. 16; li-pa-a la takkal u dama la tetessi eat
am ma[li] if the diaphragm is full of fat no fat and you will not excrete blood Lambert
YOS 10 42 iii 14, cf. ibid. 31 i 3 (OB ext.), cf. BWL 240:9 (bil. proverb, Sum. broken), cf. ina
KAR 423 i 27 (SB ext.), also Summa [l]i-pi-am li-pi-i (in broken context) ibid. 7; piZa lu
itaddd YOS 10 42 i 19, dumma martum li- i.UDU likdna lu tcibtu a iqbi amat lemuttija
pi-a-am ta-ra-ha-a-daukalla YOS 10 31 iv 52; kima i.UDU littattuk Sa ipu u ki4pi kima tibti
Summa martum li-pi-a-am kussat if the gall lihharmit may her mouth be tallow, her
bladder is enveloped with fat YOS 10 31 iii tongue be salt, may she who spoke the evil
33, x 12, cf. 42 ii 44 (all OB ext.), cf. li-pu- : word against me melt like tallow, may she
tuhdu : summa martu UZU.i.[UDU ... ] fat who has put the spell on me dissolve like salt
(predicts) plenty, (as in) if the gall bladder Maqlu I 31ff.
[is ... ] with fat CT 20 40:27 (SB ext. with
comm.); [gumma ti]rdnu panuunu i.UDU 2' in med. and pharm.: ina me[suluppi]
armu if the surface of the convolutions of the tarabbak GUR-ma tubbal tapds ina i.UDU
intestines is covered with fat KAR 423 i 28, tuballal ina KUv teterri tasammid you mix
parallel Boissier Choix 92:8, cf. Summa kaskasu (the drugs) into a paste with date juice, dry
i.UDU arim Boissier Choix 94:7; Summa (it) again, pulverize it, mix (it) with tallow,
padanu MIN-ma ina UZU.i.UDU urrd CT 20 7 smear (it) on a piece of leather (and) bandage
K.3999: 8; f.UDU SA imitta u umela tarik the (him with it) Kiichler Beitr. pl. 10 iii 15, of. AMT
fat of the intestine(?) is black on the right 24,5:13, 73,1:22, 96,1:19, and passim, wr. UZU.
and the left sides TCL 6 5:19 and 36; Summa i.UDU KUB 37 9 iii 3ff.; U gi-ir-gi-ru-u :
kaldt burki ana uzU.i.UDU itura if the scrotum KU GIG : itti 1.UDU 3I.EI the girgird-plant :
has turned to fat KAR 152 r. 25, cf. .umma plant for sore anus: (to apply) mixed with
ina res marti eritu ana UZU.i.UDU itur if an tallow Kocher BAM 1 iii 6, cf. ibid. 7f., Ilf.,
eritu-mark beside the gall bladder turns parallel CT 14 30 Sm. 698: Iff.; ina .UDU tuballal
into fatty tissue TCL 6 4:22 (all SB ext.); Su.sI teppu.u ana duburrisu ta.akkan you mix
li-pu-4 Sa birit irri fat from between the (the drugs) with tallow, make a suppository
intestines (as part of the sacrificial portions and put (it) in his anus AMT 56,5: 5f., cf. Kocher
of a bull) VAS 6 268:4 (NB). BAM 104:44f., cf. ina i.UrD tuballal allana
teppu AMT 47,1:2, 43,1 ii 6, Kocher BAM 104:31;
b) (rendered) fat, tallow - 1' in gen.: you crush (the drugs) itti .tUDU tusammab
x silver SAM li-pu-um price for tallow TCL 10 ina i.kuri tanaddima tuS.abal ta.aqqidima
78:13 (OB), cf. 3 siLA li-pu-um Sa UDU.NITA mix (them) with tallow, put (the mixture) in
Frank Strassburger Keilschrifttexte 38:11 (OB); wax and boil (it), make her drink (it) Kocher
ri.UDUl.MES Sa SAH.MES ADD 1095:9; UZU.SA BAM 240:35; T BABBAR : A§ i.UDU BABBAR-U
zv.i.UDU ... inandin he (the shepherd) Uruanna III 61, r SIKIL : AA i.UDU muS-
will deliver the sinews, the tallow (etc., of kin-ni ibid. 4; li-pi-a-am teteppi tanaddi
the dead sheep and goats) BE 14 48:18 (MB); YOS 11 5 i 10, li-pi-a-am e{eppi anaddi
x MA i.UDU x minas of tallow (beside paint) ibid. 67, cited Goetze, JCS 11 104 n. 82; rabiki
PBS 2/2 29:2 and 4 (MB); 2 MA.NA li-pu-it ana isqqi itti i.UDU Kr.MES he will eat porridge
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lipfl lipf
made of isqqu-flour and tallow AMT 54,1:10, which is mixed with tallow Maqlu II 205 and
note with ref. to
cf. Kichler Beitr. pl. 9 ii 37; IX 37; salam i.UDU himmdti a figurine of
preserving: i.UDU sa-a-qi AMT 8,7:4, 23,10:6, tallow (mixed with) sweepings Maqlu IX 42,
Kocher BAM 216:39; with specification of also III 39a, from STT 82; salam tidi
i.UDU ina
the animal of origin: I.UDU GUD LKU 32:10, rig libbiSa e'ra ina kalatisa tusannas you
AMT 98,1:5, Kocher BAM 3 ii 44f., and pas- plant tallow in the epigastrium of a figurine
sim; ina i.UDU GUD LIBIR.RA tuballal you of clay (of the sorceress and a stick of)
mix (the drugs) with old (i.e., rancid) fat of ashwood in the small of its back Maqlu IX 41,
an ox AMT 103:20; i.UDU AH AMT 19,2:10; cf. III 30a, from STT 82, cf. askun ina libbiki
i.UDUUR.MA AMT 12,12:3, 58,1:3, CT23 41:12, i.UDU hdbilki I have put tallow inside you
and passim, cf. i.UDU UR.MAH lion tallow, that will damage you Maqlu III 19.
i.UDU UR.MAH Sa ina melulti G[AZ] tallow of
a lion killed in sport : U ir-ru-u Uruanna I c) referring to fat from the kidney:
266f., u sah-la-a-nu : A i UR.MAH a siima i.UDU kaliti fat from the kidney AMT 32,5:6
and 9, and passim in med., usually specified
ballu, AS i.UDU UR.GI, 8a [suma ballu]
Uruanna III 11f.; i.UDU UR.GI 7 MI LKU 63 from a particular animal, e.g. i.UDU BI UDU.
r. 8, cf. i.UDv UR.GI MI a ina mit-hu-si NITA fat from a sheep's kidney AMT 45,5:3,
[GAz] tallow of a black dog killed in a fight 57,5 r. 8, Kocher BAM 394:21 (MB), [li-pu]-u
Uruanna I 269; i.UDU DARA.MAS (= ajali) BIR a UDU.NIT A sa umeli fat from a sheep's
STT 97 iv 13, i.UDU MUS MI AMT 17,4:8, cf. left kidney KUB 37 3:6, and passim, i.UDU BIR
i.UDU MUS : S[IKIL], i.UDU reS-ti : ka-bar-te urisi (MAi.NITA) AMT 93,1:13, i.UDU BIR GUD
qa-x-[x] Kocher Pflanzenkunde 28 i 14f., dupl. AMT 35,1:3, 51,4:8, Kocher BAM 409 r. 3, note:
CT 37 26 i 3f.; i.UDU UZ.MUSEN AMT 42,2 ii 2, ina i.UDU BIR GUD.NITA AMT 44,1 ii 16, Kocher
I.UDU BURUs.ABRUD.DA : l sa-me-qa Kocher BAM 3 iv 31, i.UDU BIR GUD MI AMT 12,4:6,
Pflanzenkunde 28 i 18, U i.UDU a-bi-ik-ti : and passim, cf. i.UDU BIR GUD SUMUN Kocher
U pi4-za-lu-ur-ti (var. pi-zal-lu-u-ru) fat of BAM 216:53.
a killed animal(?) : gecko Uruanna II 175a, 2. marrow, pith - a) bone marrow (used
also Kocher Pflanzenkunde 28 i 20; note the in med.): i.UDU kursinni sabiti marrow
sequence i.UDU, .UDU GUD, i.UDU UDU.NITA, from the shanks of a gazelle AMT 16,1:3;
i.UDU UR.MAH, i.UDU UR.BAR.RA, i.UDU UR. i.UDU GiR.PAD.DU GiD.DA AMT 14,1:4, and
GI7, i.UDU umme Dream-book 324: 21'-28'; see passim in med., see esemtu mng. Id; i.UDU
also ajar ili, jhurbabillu, pizalluru. ma-hir-te [UDU.NITA(?)] tapasdassu you rub
him with marrow(?) from the foreleg(?) of a
3' for making figurines: [UD]U.NITA I.UDU sheep CT 23 44:8, wr. i.UDU IGI UDU.NITA
teppu you form a (figurine of a) ram with
tallow KAR 66:5 (SB rit.), cf. UDU.NITA
mani sa i.UDU ana pani gamas tatarras you
Mul. AMT 100,3 r. 5 and 8; I.UDU Ui-1i-ul-tu: i.UDU
si-ga-gu-rit Kocher Pflanzenkunde 28 i 17,
i.UDU NAM.LU.Ux(GISGAL).LU : P KUSx.HAB
lay out before Samar the ram (made of) (= irru)i.UDU KU&x.HAB Kocher Pflanzenkunde
tallow (serving as) a gift ibid. 12; [sal]am 28 i 16, also Uruanna I 270, cf. itti i.UDU LU
nakri Sa i.UDU teppus you form a figurine of ina I sirdi tapasSaS AMT 33,3:7.
the enemy with tallow BBR No. 57:11; salma
nija lu a bini lu a ereni lu aI.UDU figurines b) pith of a plant: i.UDU GI.MES pith from
representing me (made) either of tamarisk or reeds AMT 16,3 i 13 + 12,3 i 7; i.UDU eriti
of cedar wood or of tallow Maqlu IV 39, cf. U
AMT 24,1:6, cf. i.UDU e-rig-ti : v d6.-u-ul-tu
AfO 18 291:22, also (in similar context) KAR 80:9, Uruanna II 170, also Kocher Pflanzenkunde 28 i
but note 14 NU.ME§ IM li-pi i.UDu iMkuri ... 19, cf. ibid. 17, cited mng. 2a; i.UDU AIM.GIG pith
teppuA you make 14 figurines of clay, tallow, of the kanaktu-plant AMT 24,1:5, CT 23 26:4,
tallow(?), wax Kocher BAM 214 ii 7; galam Kocher BAM 104: 65, and passim in med., cf. P
tidi §a i.VIDU I.gI a figurine (made) of clay li-pu-u (var. li-mu-u) : NUMxuN IM G[IG]
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llpu liq p1
Uruanna II 543; i.UDU NAM.LU.Ux.LU : U li-i-pu-u-a ina qerbiga ana dariatisalmdt qaqs
KUSx.JHAB (= irri) i.UDU KUx.HAB Kocher qadam libelu may my descendants rule the
Pflanzenkunde 28 i 16, also Uruanna I 270; i.UDU black-headed people forever therein VAB
KUx.HAB pith of the irr-plant AMT 40,5:10, 4 120 iii 54, cf. ibid. 94 iii 56, 140 x 17, 176 x 38,
73,1:22, and passim in med., see irri A usage 198 No. 31:8, 200 No. 36:8, 202 No. 37:6 (all
b-2'; i.UDU ZU.LUM.MA Kiichler Beitr. pl. 11 Nbk.), also 214 ii 41 (Ner.).
iii 58, Kocher BAM 104:12.
b) in personal names: -an-na-li-pi-uur
Ad mng. 2b: possibly a salve compounded AnOr 8 12 r. 20, 16\r. 14, YOS 7 124:28, also,
of tallow and the herb is meant, and not the wr. E-an-na-li-i-pi-6EA YOS 6 159:5, wr.
pith of the plant or some other product of it. J-an-na-lip-sE TCL 13 124:16, see also YOS 3
It seems that i.UDU is often no more than p. 14a, YOS 6 p. 20 index s.v.; dZa-ba-ba4-li-
a variant writing for i or i+GI, i.e., Samnu. pi-§E§ Cyr. 285:9, Camb. 274:8, wr. NUNUZ
Dar. 299:8, VAS 3 137:17, YOS 7 84:21, and pas-
lipu (lepu) s.; 1. offspring, descendant,
sim, see Tallqvist NBN 217a.
posterity, 2. generation; from OA, OB on;
wr. syll. and (in personal names) NUNuz;; 2. generation: mimit 7 le-e-pi (vars. li-i-
cf. elepu. pi, li-pi) 9a bit abi the oath of seven genera-
nunuz = li-i-pu, [...].pe 4 = MIN (= li-i-pu) tions of (his) father's house 8urpu III6, parallel
ru-qu, li-ip-li-pi, numun = mar-ma-ru Antagal Schollmeyer No. 18:27; atta mrruka mar
C 67ff. mdrika le-pu ana le-e-pi ... iktarbuka (Assur
li-i-pu = ma-ru Malku I 156; §u-ur-su = li-i-pu and Samar) have blessed you yourself, your
Explicit Malku I 321.
son, your grandson, generation after genera-
1. offspring, descendant, posterity - tion ABL 442 r. 4f. (NA).
a) in gen.: summa adi Mu.2.r1 1 li-pe-e la
For OECT 4 153 ii 50f. (= Proto-Diri 500f.)
tartisiSum if she does not provide him with
offspring within two years ICK 1 3:8 (OA);
see lipd; for the OAkk. personal name cited
li-i-pu ruqu §a arrti (referring to Nbk. I) MAD 1 p. 223 see libbu mng. 3b-2'.
JCS 21 128:8; [semdt]aikribiSunu tanandinli-i- Landsberger Date Palm p. 29 n. 83.
pu you (Marduk) heed their prayer, you grant lipu see lipa.
(them) offspring JAOS 88130:6 (SBlit.); PN ...
li-pu rebu a PN PN the great-great-grandson liq pt (laq pt, aliqpi, elaq pi) s.; palate; OB,
(lit. fourth descendant) of PN, BBSt. No. 5 ii Bogh., SB; wr. syll. and A.U,.
1 (Merodachbaladan), cf. (in broken context) uzu.a.u 5 (var. uzu.eme.u 5 ) = amu, a-liq pe-e
(var. a-liq pi-i, liq pi-i') Hh. XV 29f.; a.u 5 =
PN ... bukur PN2 li-i-pi ret hiri x [...]
la-aq pi-i Nabnitu IV 10.
LKU 43:14 (SB lit.); la li-ip Sarrti (wr. l a( a h
uzu.a.ui.na [...] ha.ba.hlh )- : x li-iq
LUGAL) kussa i[sabbat] one not of royal pi-la [libal] PBS 1/2 122 r. 19f. (OB), see ZA 45
descent will take the throne LBAT 1521:12, 15 ii 9.
also ACh Supp. 31:16, 52:17; sarritu ana li- la-aq KA- = d -me-e pi-" Izbu Comm. W 377b.
pi-i-ka ana zerika ana sat umt [lukin]nu may a) in med. and physiogn.: umma liq KA-
they (the gods) establish kingship for your 94 itanabbal if his palate becomes dry again
posterity, for your progeny forever ABL and again Labat TDP 64:55', also AMT 76,1:4,
371:15 (NA), cf. ana ... daldm li-pi-Su for LKA 88:2, cf. (with dbul) Labat TDP 64:54,
the well-being of his progeny Streck Asb. (with imim hot) ibid. 53 and 58:21; §umma
224:16; li-pu-U-a dir dari ana ime ruquti li9andu u liq KA-Sz [itanabbalu(?)] if his
likinu qerebSa may my descendants abide tongue and his palate become dry again and
therein forever and ever in the far future again Labat TDP 62:13, cf. liq KH-SU itanabs
OIP 2 134:93; li-pu-i-a ina Jarriiti litellipu baldu ibid. 226: 69; Summa izbu liSanu ina
may my descendants flourish as kings VAB 4 la-aq KA- KEDA if the malformed animal's
190 No. 23 ii 5, Bohl Leiden Coll. 3 45:29 (Nbk.); tongue is connected to its palate Leichty
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liqit supr liqtu

Izbu XII 87, for comm., see lex. section; DI§ gi.[gur.ri.r]i.ga = pa-an liq-ta-ti Hh. IX gap A
§E ina muhLi li-iq KA-sic lu imitti lu sa sumeli line f, cf. gi.[gur.ri.r]i.ga = MIN (= pa-an) liq-
ta-ti = ma-az-ru-[td] Hg. A II 46b, in MSL 7 70;
Jakin if a mole lies either on the right or on
[z ... ] = []i-iq-ta-tum Proto-Izi I Bil. D iv 2.
the left side of his palate Kraus Texte 44:29 liq-t = hu-ra-su Malku V 167; liq-t = si-bir-ti,
and CT 28 12 K.7178:13 (SB physiogn.); A.Ug KA ii-bir-td -= liq-td LTBA 2 1 v 45f., dupl. ibid.
tarik (if when the sheep is slaughtered), the 2:255f.
palate is black CT 31 33 r. 35 (SB behavior of
1. gift - a) in gen.: Samas <a>-na-si-ku-
sacrificial lamb).
um li-iq-tam lu-u-qu-ut me sasqim ellutim
b) in lit.: evil demons sa ... liq (vars. O gamas, I bring you a gift, take the pure
la-aq, e-la-aq) pi-ia ubbali who dry up my water for the flour offering JCS 22 26:25 (OB
palate KAR 267:14, also BMS 53:11, vars. ext. prayer); bel niqe liq-ti ileqqe CT 20 50
from LKA 85 r. 4, AMT 97,1:20; mdhis muhhi r. 16 (SB ext.); damiq ki tanandin mardtika
mubbil liq pi-i (the demon) who hits the ana ra-si liq-ta sa limitika is it nice that you
head, who dries up the palate KAR 88 fragm. give away your daughters in order to obtain
4 iii 4, see Ebeling, ArOr 21 417, also RA 18 165:26, a gift for (those) around you? EA 1:61 (let.
wr. li-iq pi-i ZA 45 206 iv 11 (Bogh. inc.). from Egypt, coll. P. Artzi); Li-iq-tum (personal
name) YOS 8149:21, 160:9, UET 5 792:5 (both
liqlt supri s.; nail parings; Bogh., SB; OB).
of. leq v.
A. a k.a umbin ak.a : gulibat sdhati MIN zumri b) in Nuzi (designating persons given into
li-qit supri shavings from the armpit, from the royal service and the payments made in lieu
body, nail parings ASKT p. 86-87:63. of such service) - 1' designating persons:
li-qit supri gulibat ahdti JNES 15 142:44', whatever children (serru) PN will engender
see also lex. section; li-qit suprisu itti tidim PN2 1 sughru u 1 suhdrtu ki li-iq-ti inassaqma
sudtu tuballalma you mix (his shavings and) u ileqqe(!) PN2 (the son of the king) will select
his nail parings with this clay (and make a and take as a gift a boy and a girl (the
figurine) ZA 45 200 i 12 (Bogh. rit.), see supru remaining children of PN will be left to PN)
A mng. lb. HSS 9 96:12; mdrassu Sanz (sic) ana li-iq-ti
The derivation from leqg is suggested by ana ekallim ... ileqqi they take into the
the lex. passages leql a supri (see leqg and palace as 1. another daughter of his (of the
supru A lex. section), and the writing TI-u person belonging to the palace slaves who
supri (for leqi supri) cited supru A mng. Ib. has made his daughter become an ekiitu or
harimtu without royal permission) AASOR 16
liqitu s.; adoption; OB*; cf. leq. 51:19 (royal edict); tuppu sa suhdriti [...]
atti jdti tuldinni [s]dti ummasu [a-nal li- Sa ana li-iq-ti leqi list of women [from ... ]
qi-tim [il-qe]-e-su you have borne me your- who have been taken in as 1.-persons (a list
self, but his mother has (only) adopted him of names follows, always PN DUMU.SAL PN2 )
TCL 18 111:27. HSS 16 329:2; DUMU.SAL-ia tPN ... ana liq-
Possibly a mistake for liqtu, q.v. See also ta-sd attadinu DAM ana PN2 attadin I gave my
liqu, where the ref. should perhaps be emended daughter rPN to be a 1. and gave (her) as wife
to li-qi-<ti> and taken with this word. to PN2 HSS 19 117:7; list of women and men
with children and family [... ] sa ekalli sa
liqtu s.; 1. gift, 2. collection (of omens or GN [a n]l bitiSunu sa ina umi sa li-iq-ti sa
prescriptions), 3. gleaned barley, 4. a choice
quality of gold and garments; from OB on;
Satru [list of the slaves] of the palace in Nuzi
and their families who have been listed on
pl. (in mng. 3) liqtatu; cf. laqdtu. the day (of the census) of the persons of
[KIT.G]I A.ra.li, [Kxt.l] gu.la = liq-tum(var.
1.-status HSS 14 636:2; (declaration of PN)
-td) Hh. XII 253f.
Me.ri.ri.ga = MIN (= se-im) liq-ta-a-ti Hh. 'PN2 the daughter of my sister !PN, ina GN
XXIV 171; 6.ri.ri.ga- li-iq-ta-tu Izi E 303; abbu (sic) ina li-iq-ti anne la illaku lives in
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liqtu liqtu
ON and they do not belong among the persons list) ibid. 125:1, x SE.GUR SE.GUR li-iq-ta-tim
of 1.-status HSS 14 600:5. x gur of barley, gurs of barley from the
gleanings (summing up) ibid. 95:13, 96:14;
2' designating a due: iStu li-iq-ti s[a ... ]
total: 2 OUR 1 PI 1 BAN li-iq-tum ibid. 125:14,
u itti tuppi Sa li-iq-t[i] [ at]riitu [they have
x li-iq-tum ahim ibid. 13, also x li-qi-it x x x
accepted] (one ewe and one lamb) from the 1.
ibid. 6; x SE li-iq-ta-tum (mentioned as
(due) and have written (them) down in the
deliveries in rent contracts for a field) CT 8
tablet of1.-dues HSS 16 270:3, cf. three ewes
41c:12, YOS 12 44:15, BE 6/1 42:12 and case 14
that died (and) two ewes Sa li-iq-ti ilgdUunuti
(all OB); for RI.RI.GA VAS 6 13:8, see mas
which they had taken as 1.-due HSS 16 253:4;
qdtu.
one sheep aSar PN ina li-iq-ti mahir HSS 14
514:3, also ibid. 6.
4. a choice quality of gold and garments
2. collection (of omens or prescriptions - a) a fine quality of gold (from MB on):
excerpted from a larger group of omens li-iq-ta amahhar ana utuni aSakkan I will
dealing with the same topic) - a) in gen.: accept 1.-gold and place (it) in the kiln
li-iq-te sa DIS UD A.NA dEnlil ... etamar Aro, WZJ 8 569 HS 112:10, cf. IGiN KU.GI
I have read the excerpts from the Enuima- liq-tum Peiser Urkunden 117:5, also ibid. 141:9
Anu-Enlil series ABL 1245:10 (NA, coll. K. Del- (all MB); (tribute from Hindani) 10 MA.NA
ler); 10 liq-te Sa summa GIS.DAL ten (omens) KT.GI li-iq-tu (beside ten minas of silver, two
collected from (omens beginning with) "if the talents of tin) Scheil Tn. II 76; a bed of
tallu" KAR 423 i 16, also (in similar contexts) boxwood Sa ina KU.GI liq-ti s sumi erimu
ibid. i 22, 37, 59, ii 13, iii 10, 31, 69, r. i 78; DIS qerebSa (see ardmu mng. lb-4') ZA 5 67:36
UD AN EN.LIL liq-ta-a-te (tablet of the series) (Asn. I); obsidian and lapis lazuli K.GI liq-ti
Eniima-Anu-Enlil (with) collections of ex- uhhuzu mounted in fine 1.-gold AnSt 7 128:9
cerpts Craig AAT p. 1 K.1539:1 (library label), (let. of Gilg.), cf. stones uhhuzu KU.[G]I liq-
cf. DIS URU ina SUKUD GAR-in liq-ta-a-te ibid. tum STT 366:5 (NA), see Reiner, JNES 26 196;
K.1400: 1. il-lu-uk liq-[ti] a jewel of 1.-gold Lambert BWL
74:57 (Theodicy); klilsu adririKr.GI d liq-ti
b) in colophons: GIa.ZU Sa liq-ti wooden
its battlements (are) of sdriru(-gold, even) of
tablet with a collection of omen excerpts
gold of 1.-quality ZA 53 238:8; in broken
ACh Supp. 2 Istar 72 r. 9, cf. K.8119 r. 6 (= Hunger
context [... ] K.GI li-iq-te [... ] KAR 334:11;
Kolophone No. 509, both astrol.), cf. [...] a
[Ki.GI] A.RA.LI KU.GI liq-ti (see aralld usage e)
liq-te K.11908:3 (= Hunger Kolophone No. 510);
KAR 358:17.
x omen lines of the series Alamdimmfi TA SA
liq-ti BAR.ME nasha excerpted from a col- b) a choice quality of garments (MB only):
lection of non-canonical (omens) Kraus Texte TUG hid-la-an a-hi liq-tum BE 14 157:22,
64 r. 6 (physiogn.); bulti istu muhhi adi supri also (with hulldn qumdri) ibid. 7, 62, 78, PBS
liq-ti BAR.MES prescriptions (arranged) from 2/2 142:14, HS 128:3, cited Aro Kleidertexte s.v.
head to toe, a collection of non-canonical hullnu.
(prescriptions) Streck Asb. 370 q 4 (= Hunger In LTBA 2 1 xiii 101, read iptu, see biltu
Kolophone No. 329, med.); x nishu liq-ti bul-ti lex. section.
xth excerpt (section), a collection of prescrip-
Ad mng. 2: Landsberger, MVAG 40/2 56.
tions Kocher BAM 106 r. 7, also 52:102; in
broken context: 14-4 nis-[hu ... ] liq-te e-x liqtu in rab liqtani s.; (an official); MA*;
[...] CT 4037D.T. 298 r. 5'.
cf. laqdtu.
3. gleaned barley: qdti SE li-iq-ta-tim A.SA LU GAL liq-ta-a-ni kbisiu the chief of
DN list of barley from the gleanings, field of finances (lit. incomes?) (deposits) his money-
Gula TLB 1 95:1, also ibid. 96:1, 97:1, cf. qdti bags (before the newly crowned king)
li-iq-ta-tim list of the gleanings (heading of MVAG 41/3 14 iii 9 (MA rit.).
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liqu lissusu
llqu s.; adoption; MA*; cf. leqg v. tu (in broken context, dealing with a ritual)
9a ana ballut u li-qi ana bit PN la-qi-t-tu-ni ABL 1221:12.
who was taken into the family of PN to be See also lisaki.
kept alive and for adoption KAJ 167:4. lismu (lisnu) s.; footrace; OB, Mari, SB,
See also discussion sub liqitu. NA; cf. lasamu.
liqitu s.; adoptive child; OB; cf. leq4 v. [da-al] DAL = h-i-mu Sa Voc. F 6a; u 4 .kas 4 .
a(var. .mn) = UD-mu li-is-mu Hh. I 216.
[bu-l]u-ug BULtG = li-qu-tu A VI/1:183; [a]. §ir.sag edin.ta ka 4 .r[dug 4(?)1 i.gul.e : <ina>
= li-qu-tum Lu Excerpt II 98; x.kir, x.bar.ra,
sir-hi red-ti-i bi-ta li-i-ma iq-qur(!) SBH p. 31:10 f.;
[n]u.bar.ra, su.bar.ra, x.A.ri, x.da.[ri] = dulo.baddu-ba-ad dulo(!). ka[§4 di].si.si.ge sa
li-qd-tum Nabnitu S 265ff.; da.ri = [Mnw (= le- im.de dInnin za.kam : pit puridim li-si-im
qu-u) §a li-qu-ti] ibid. 252. birkim summurum u kaiddum kimma Itar it is in
your power, Istar, (to grant) speed in a footrace,
a) in OB: ummi naditum suhdram ana
attainment of what one strives for Sumer 13
li-q4-tim il-qe-e-ma my (foster) mother, a 77:5f. (OB lit.).
naditu, adopted (me when I was) a youth li-is-mu Sa ina Kislimi ina pan Bel u
YOS 2 50:6, cf. li-qi-ut-si lillikam ibid. 93:21; mahazani gabbu il[abbini] the race which
in a personal name: Li-qi-ut-dSin UET 5 they run in MN in front of Bel and all the
440:14. places of worship ZA 51 138:57 (NA lit.); gars
b) in lit.: the Pleiades conceived me, ru Ja hariu ina li-is-ni ipatti the king who
Mars gave birth to me [.. .]-a a-na li-qu- opens the hard-vat during(?) the race (is
ti(var. adds -i) ilqdnni [...] has adopted Marduk) Pallis Akitu pl. 5:16, see Zimmern Neu-
me 81-7-27,205:3, var. from dupls. K.15239:5 jahrsfest 135, cf. Sa li-is-ni (in broken context)
BBR No. 68:11 (NA rit.);Nabt ad li-is-me
and Craig ABRT 2 11:22.
KAV 42 iii 12 and 180 iii 9, see Frankena Takultu
liriSa s.; (a profession); OB Elam*; Elam. 124; UD-mu li-is-mu Sa DN UD-mu [ia] MN
word(?). the day of the race of Nabi is a day in Ajaru
PN li-ri-sa MDP 22 163:3, 22, PN 9a li-ri-~4 STT 87 r. 8 (NA); ITI li-is-mi-im Edzard Tell ed-
ibid. 6, 25, 26, MDP 23 317:3. Der 15:9, see ibid. p. 43 and n. 4 (OB); KASKAL
Sarri Sa li-is-mu the king's roadway of the
lIru see leru. race (name of a street) Jacobsen Copenhagen
68:5 (NA leg.), cf. u4 -mu [l]i-is-mu Sa dMar-
lisakkfi (or lisakkd) s.; (a group of gods biti Sa Enunna (comm. on En. el. VII 108)
or demons); SB. CT 13 32 r. 5' + K.4657; istu li-is-mu ... iters
mamit li-sak-ke-e sa tubqgti (var. dMAS bam RA 35 6 iii 6 (Mari rit.); li-is-mu (in
[...] 9a tubqgti) the oath by the 1. of the broken context) KAR 113 ii 10.
corners Surpu III 82. Weidner, AfO 16 66.
Connect possibly with Lisikutu, q.v.
lismu in §a lismi s.; runner; lex.*; cf.
Lisikfitu s. pl.; (a group of gods); MA, NA. lasmu.
qabal biti i~tu igdri a dL8is(-ku-ti adi lI.kas4 .e = d li-is-me (preceded by lasimu)
igaratisu the middle (part) of the house from Lu IV 346.
the wall of the L. on, together with its walls lisnu see lismu.
AfO 20 121:2 (MA leg.); dura'a ina libbi akli
iakkan dLi-8i-ku-tu uakkal he places the lissusu s.; (a plant?); MA.*
foreleg (of the sacrificial animal) on the bread 2 siLA NUMUN li-is-su-si two silas of 1.-
and feeds the L. KAR 146 r. ii(!) 22, cf. i 19 seeds (in list of offerings) Ebeling Stiftungen
(NA rit.), see Or. NS 21 144; Li-si-ku-ti lu-li-u 14:18.
tab let them remove the L., it is good van Possibly to be read as 2 siIA kul-li GIS.SU.
Driel Cult of AMur 94 viii 14' (NA rit.); Li-si-kusi, for kullu "pistachio," see s.v.
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liakkf lisnu
liSakki see lisakkd. c) parts of the plant: su u § EME.UR.GI 7
"hound's-tongue"-root Kuchler Beitr. pl. 10
lian kalbi s.; 1. (a medicinal plant, lit.
iii 25 and pl. 18 iii 23; PA GIS.EME.UR.GI 7 twig
hound's-tongue), 2. (a star); from MB on;
of "hound's-tongue" Kocher BAM 124 i 48,
wr. syll. and (U.)EME.UR.GI 7 ; cf. liSnu.
Kichler Beitr. pi. 7 i 47; NUMUN I EME.UR.GI?
[ui.eme.ur.gi,] = [li-Sd-an kal-bi] Hh. XVII
"hound's-tongue"-seed AMT 74 iii 9, of. AJSL
gap d line d, restored from u.eme.ur.gi = lsa-a
nu UR.GI 7 .ME RS Recension 110. 36 80 i 15, and passim in this text, also Biggs
Saziga 55 ii 8 (from Bogh.).
1. (a medicinal plant, lit. hound's-tongue)
- a) in pharm.: I MU, T EME.MUS : T EME. d) other occ.: EME.UR.GI, SAR CT 14
UR.GI, Uruanna I 469f., UZU.UR.GI 7 ZU.UR.GI 7 50:60 (list of plants in a royal garden).
GiR.PAD.DU.UR.GI 7 EME.UR.GI 7 ibid. 471, J
2. (a star): MUL EME.UR.G 7 (in a list of
GISAL.EN.NA SAR : li-sa-an kal-bi ibid. 472,
stars) ACh Sin 13:31f., see Weidner Handbuch
U SAR, U KAM SAR, U U.TU.LAL, U us 1 (text
117, cf. 3R 57 No. 5:42.
EME).UR.GI 7 : P EME.UR.GI? ibid. 473ff.; T ni-
Ad mng. 1: Thompson DAB 23f.
kip-ti : AS SE.UR.GI 7 EME.UR.GI GIR.PAD.DU
UR.GI 7 Uruanna III 39; U tam-Sil EME.UR.GI 7 : liSnu s. fern.; 1. tongue, 2. statement,
U lid-da-na-nu Uruanna III 427; U as-ta- wording, report, gossip, slander, 3. com-
til-la tam-lis : U EME.UR.GI7 Uruanna I 679; mentary, synonym list, 4. language, technical
UT
NUMUN.EME.U[R.GI] : [f a-,i-i] CT 14 29 language, special language or dialect, nation-
K.4566+ :15; U SUIHU EME.UR.GI 7 : U amurri ality, person or people speaking a (foreign)
qdni plant for jaundice ibid. 8, dupl. Kocher language, 5. person (captured) able to give
BAM 1 ii 60; U EME.UR.GI7 : U hatG : mdes information, 6. tongue of a flame, blade of a
saahtu amela saqi "hound's-tongue," drug weapon or tool, plowshare, ingot; from OAkk.
for cough, to extract its juice, to give the on; pl. lisdantu; wr. syll. and EME; cf. liSdn
man to drink Kocher BAM 1 ii 45, cf. ibid. 35; kalbi, lisanu in bel liSani, lidnu in a lisani.
Sammu ina muhhisu MUS.DiM.GURUN.NA rabsu [uzu].eme = li-Ja-a-nu,ma-'u, ma-'-tu Hh. XV
... TUEME.UR.GI7 MU.NI the plant on which 25-27; [me] = li-d-nu Izi E 15; e-me EME =
geckoes lie is called "hound's-tongue" Kocher li-§[a-nu] Ea III 106, also MSL 2 153:16 (Proto-
Pflanzenkunde 4:37; 1 naruqqu EME.UR.GI, Ea), S b I 259; [uzu].em[e] = ma-'-td = li-td-a-nu,
[uzu] sila.gal = ma-la-ku = MIN Hg. D I 49f.,
(among pharmaceutical items) PBS 2/2 Hg. B IV 46 f., in MSL 9 35, 37; [eme] = [li-.]a-
107:45 (MB). nu-um, [emee.ul] = [li]-a-[nu-um le-mu-ut-tum,
b) in med.: U EME.UR.GI 7 ... tubbal tasdk [eme....] = [x]-x-x-mu-tum, [eme.an.tuk] = [li-
.]a-nam i-ku Kagal D Fragm. 7:12-15; mus.eme.
tasammid you crush "hound's-tongue" (and imin.bi = MIN (= se-er) si-ba li-cd-na-u snake
other herbs) when dry, (and) bandage (the with seven tongues Hh. XIV 17; eme = li-id-nu,
man with it) AMT 15,3:13, cf. GI§.GAM.MA P lu.eme.tuk = sd li-ia-ni, eme.ha.mun = li-id-ni
EME.UR.GI7 iStenis tasak ina ikari tuabial mit-hur-ti Nabnitu IV 19ft., cf. [...] = li-cd -an
mit-hur-ti Nabnitu K 45; eme.dal.ba.mun =
tasammissu Kocher BAM 3 iv 8; J EME.UR.
li-Aa-an sd-ah-ma-tim YBC 9868 iv 42 (courtesy
G17 tubbal tasak Kiichler Beitr. pl. 4 iii 64, also H. Hoffner).
ibid. pl. 19 iv 19, cf. Labat TDP 194:44; T EME. gii.emee-me.mar = li- d-nu MIN (=mar-ri)
UR.GI 7 P niSik seri u kalbi ina kiSddiSu taSaks Hh. VII B 30; gis.eme.apin - e-mu-u, li-.a-nu
kan "hound's-tongue": a drug for snake and Hh. V 137f.
ub 4 .zu b[ul].bi.[t]a eme ba.ni.[i]n.dib.
dog bite, you put it on his neck RA 15 76:11; d[ib] .b : kibp lem[nii §a li-.d]-a-nu usabbatu
GIS.GESTIN.KA,.A Ti EME.UR.G 7y tas8k ina the evil sorcery that seizes the tongue CT 16
dikari tadaqqiu you crush fox grape and 2:59f.; ka.hul.gal eme.lul.g&l : pd lemnu
"hound's-tongue" (and) give it to him to li-S-an le-mut-td evil mouth, evil tongue ASKT
p. 84-85:32, and passim; [ld] eme.lul.gal.e
drink in beer Kiichler Beitr. pi. 13 iv 52, cf.
ibid. pi. 11 iii 56 and 63, RA 54 171 r. 4 (list
As.bal mu.un.na.ab.dug 4 .ga : §a li-d-nu
le-mut-tum iruruSu (the man) whom an evil tongue
of medications), Biggs Saziga 55 ii 1 (from Bogh.). has cursed 5R 50 i 69f., see Borger, JCS 21 5;
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lianu la liinu lb
eme nig.hul.dim.ma l1.kesda.kex(KID) ... EME-<s unatta if he flicks(?) his tongue
li-94-nu .a itti amili lemniS irraksu tongue which Labat TDP 120:33, for other symptoms cf. ibid.
was tied to the man in an evil way CT 16 32:159 f.;
60ff.:1-26; Summa EME-9U ... isSuk if he
for other bil. refs., see mrngs. l and 4.
EME.GIR.TAB tarn-li : et-tu-tu rabitu Uruanna bites his tongue AfO 11 224:60f., also (with
III 240, in MSL 8/2 62. ustenessia keeps sticking out) ibid. 63, cf.
1. tongue - a) in gen.: Summa izbum li- li-sa-an-suustenessiam YOS 10 47:6 (OB behav-
a-nam la isu if the malformed animal has ior of sacrificial lamb), also (with istanaddad)
no tongue YOS 10 56 ii 40 (OB Izbu); summa ibid. 7, Summa immerum li-sa-an-su apir
izbu EME-M tarik if the malformed animal's ibid. 8, ina libbi li-sa-ni-su srum napih on
tongue is dark Leichty Izbu XII 75, and passim its tongue the flesh is swollen ibid. 9;
in this tablet; 2 pdiA 2 EME.MES-M 4 iniiu [summa immeru] li-sa-an-su sumela unassak
(if a woman gives birth and the child has two if the sheep bites its tongue on the left KAR
heads), two mouths, two tongues, four eyes 477:9 (behavior of sacrificial lamb), see TuL p. 42,
Leichty Izbu II 30, also XXI 4, cf. ibid. 3 and 5, cf. Summa immeru ... EME nasik CT 31 32
(of a snake) CT 40 24 K.6294:5, 23:34, also r. 14, cf. ibid. 36:6, CT 20 46 ii 59; Summa amelu
(of a bull) CT 40 30 K.4073:3 (all SB Alu); qaqqassu itanakkalsu EME-sc uzaqqassu if a
sa basmi Sissit pisu sibit li-sa-nu-Ju the man's head hurts him (and) his tongue gives
dragon has six mouths, seven tongues Sumer him a stinging pain BMS 12:121, see Ebeling
13 93:19, dupl. ibid. 95: 9f. (OB inc.), cf. li-Sa- Handerhebung 84, also AMT 21,2:1, cf. murus
na-Su birbirrum its (the snake's) double EME.MU ana EME-ka Kocher BAM 212:16 and
tongue is flame Or. NS 38 540:4 (OB inc.); see dupl. 213:9; UGU EME-i himta tapaSgas eli
also mus.eme.imin.bi = (seru) siba li-Sd- EME-M tasakkan you rub ghee on his tongue
na-4S Hh. XIV 17, EME.GiR.TAB Uruanna (and then) put (the medication) on his tongue
III 240, in lex. section; [summa siru] ana pani AMT 23,10:5; balu patdn EME tuSasbat taSaqz
ameli innadirma irammum u EME-si4 E.MES-a qgsu tuaprasu you put (the medication) on
if a snake rages toward a man hissing and his tongue before he eats, have him drink
keeps flicking its tongue CT 38 35:55, cf., it (and) make him vomit AMT 80,7:11, and
wr. EMEI1 -s KAR 384:47 (SB Alu); summa passim in med., see sabatu mng. 11c-3'.
pussu pesat EME-S pes9t if his (the sick man's)
forehead is white (and) his tongue is white b) referring to tearing out or cutting out,
Labat TDP 44:46, cf. EME-~ sdmat (if) his etc., someone's tongue (as corporal punish-
tongue is red ibid. 74:40, EME-i arqat ibid. ment and in magic): EME-~ inakkisu they
31, cf. ibid. 72:16; [summa res] libbisu sabissu will cut out his tongue (referring to a son in
u EME-M hemret if his epigastrium hurts him case of disobedience to his foster parents)
and his tongue is puckered Labat TDP CH § 192:8; bdqir ibaqqaru 2 MA.NA kaspam
110:12', cf. EME-<s kasrat ibid. 232:9, also AfO i.LA.E(!) u li-Sa-an-du iSallap (if there is)
11 224:66, cf. (with maldt, kurat, uqquqat, anyone who brings a claim, he (the seller) will
ebiat) ibid. 64-68; summa izbu ... EME-si ana pay two minas of silver or his tongue will be
pisu turrat if the malformed animal's tongue torn out UCP 10 126 No. 52:18, of. ibid. 87 No.
is turned back into its mouth Leichty Izbu XI 11:20, 99 No. 22:19, 158 No. 90:18 (all OB sales
78; agar itguratEME where the tongue was contracts from Ishchali); Sa ibbalakkatu rittaSu
twisted BBR No. 83 ii 8, dupl. No. 82 r. ii u li-Sa-an-Su inakkisu 10 MA.NA kaspam
14, cf. [l]i-Sa-na-am egram JRAS Cent. Supp. isaqqal u kidin DN [i]lput as for the person
pl. 9 vi 11 (OB lit.) and Craig ABRT 1 5:10 (NA who breaks the contract, they will cut off his
oracle), cited egeru mng. 4b, cf. ittahba hand and his tongue (or) he pays ten minas
iratuS li-Sd-an-i itg[urat] AfO 19 52:153; of silver (because) he has desecrated the
li-d-nu sa innebta Sutabulu [1]a i[le'd] (my) "protection" of Inhusinak MDP 23 201 r. 6', also
tongue which was bound and could not con- ibid. 167 r. 34, and passim in this phrase in Elam,
verse Lambert BWL 52:28 (Ludlul III); bumma cf. [Sa ul zi]zdku ul duppurk [iqab]bi [rittau
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liganu lb liinu Id
u] li-sa-an-su inakkisu MDP 24 341:14, and ubanu kzma EME alpi if the "finger" (is
note, wr. li-sa-su MDP 24 348 r. 3, and passim shaped) like the tongue of a bull Boissier
in Elam, wr. li-sa-as-su MDP 23 227 r. 41, Choix 45:8 (SB ext.), kima EME kalbi ibid.
note KA(for EME).A.NI-,u MDP 24 362:16, 47:19; u akiru dga-mas : AS EME GUD ti-qi-e,
also ri[tta] s KA.MA BAR-iS MDP 22 47:15; sa j kazalla : AS EME MUS GPN.A Uruanna III
ibbalakkatu 10 MA.NA kaspam isaqqal rittasu 58f., cf. EME harriri (in a prescription)
u li-sh-su iskun he who breaks the contract Kocher BAM 237 i 2.
will pay ten minas of silver, he has pledged c) referring to working evil spells:
his hand and his tongue (for it) MDP 24 l' .hul igi.hul ka.hul eme.hul : lemnu
355:16, also MDP 22 62:29, and passim in Elam, sa pani lemnu p4 lemnu li-sd-nu lem-nu the
wr. rittasu u EME-sU iskun MDP 24 350 r. 14; evil one with an evil face, an evil mouth, an
he will pick up cress seeds [ina appi] EME-s4 evil tongue CT 16 35:39, also ibid. 31:105f. and
ADD 481:9, and see laqdtu mng. la-l'; 2:52; (sa) ina EME-<d ibband rubha (sorcer-
EME-i-nu sallupa ADD 880 i 4 (coll. W. G. ess) by whose tongue (parallel: lips) were
Lambert); EME- U issu harurtiu lisduduni created the spells on me Maqlu III 91; ina
may they pull his tongue out of his throat pi lemni EME UL sa ameliti maharka luslim
ABL 154:10 (NA let.); sdbu stunu sillatu pisu in spite of the evil mouth (and) the evil
nu sa ina muhhi Assur ilija sillatu iqbi u jati tongue of men, may I be in good standing
rub pdlihsu ikpuduni lemuttu pi-i-su-nu before you BMS 12:66, see Ebeling Handerhe-
(var. EME-su-nu) asluq I cut out the tongues bung 80; [1]i-sa-nu [le]-mut-t[um] ana ahati
from the sacrilegious mouths of those persons lizzizu may the evil tongue step aside Iraq
who had spoken sacrilege against Assur my 18 62:31 (namburbi, from Hama), cf. CT 17 40
god, and had planned evil against me, the K.6031:1, cf. also the Sum. formulation
prince who worships him Streck Asb. 38 iv 69; eme.hul.g l bar. se h.en.ta.gub KAR
adi andku Sa bel dabdbija ... anettipu EME-s4 50:17, dupl. BBR No. 56:1, and passim; EME
until I have torn out the tongue of my mussabratituhallaqarhbi you quickly destroy
adversary KAR 71 r. 5 (inc.); amahbas letki the (evil) words of the gossipers BA 5 385:12,
asallapa EME-ki I will strike your cheek, restored from Sippar 7 (= Ph. K.380, courtesy
tear out your tongue Maqlu VII 101, cf. W. von Soden); see also the bil. refs. cited in
mahsa lessa usBa li-sa-an-s4 Tallqvist Maqlu lex. section.
pl. 96 K.8162:11 (SB inc.); EME-ki Sa IJUL-tim
ina qe likkasir may your evil tongue be d) referring to intercession (in the com-
bound with strings Maqlu VII 117, of. ibid. 110, pound p4 u lianu)- 1' designating a prayer:
cf. also turrat amassa ana pisa EME-fa kasrat p4 u li-sd-nu (var. EME) liqbi damiqti may
Maqlu I 28, arakkasa EME-ka LKA 106 r. 3, see mouth and tongue speak in my favor KAR
MAOG 5/3 31; EN [a]sbat pdki itabbil EME- 58:38,
22:55,
see
see
Ebeling
Ebeling
Handerhebung
Handerhebung
38, cf. BMS
108:11; pl u
k[i] ... aptete pdki attasa EME p[ili] ana la
dabdba sa dibbija ana [la] unne a amatija li-sd-nu listimequni may mouth and tongue
incantation: I seized your mouth, I dried out pray for me KAR 59 r. 12, see Ebeling Handerhe-
your tongue, I opened your mouth, I bung 66:12; Istar pika li-sa-an-ka lu ta-sur(!)
pulled out the tongue from your mouth so let Istar watch over your mouth and tongue
that you cannot bring suit against me (or) KAR 139 r. 8.
distort my words VAT 35:1 and 3 (courtesy 2' designating a physical object of worship:
F. KScher); pi4a lu lip4 EME-4d lu tbtu (see ki tab pi (var. adds u) EME how sweet is
lip4 mng. lb-1') Maqlu I 31ff.; dumma ... (your, Itar's) Mouth-and-Tongue! OIP 37
kakku kima EME isgsri if there is a "weapon- No. 83 (- Limet Sceaux Cassites 8.13, also ibid.
mark" (shaped) like a bird's tongue Boissier 8.11 and 8.12 (all MB seals), see Oppenheim,
DA 218:17f., cf. CT 30 21 83-1-18,467:3-5 (SB History of Religions 5 251 n. 4; for dKA.EME see
ext.), also YOS 10 46 v 20 (OB ext.); Summa Frankena Takultu p. 109.
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lianu le liganu 2d
e) parts of the tongue: i-si-id li-sa-nim b) wording, report: EME-#U ana ahiti
the root of the tongue (of the "bird") YOS 10 ustenn (he who) would falsify its (the stela's)
51 ii 39 (OB), cf. SUvHU EME sabit Kiichler content (lit. change its wording into some-
Beitr. pl. 18 iii 6, SUHUr EME-8u tarik ibid. 19 thing different) AKA 250:72 (Asn.); li-Sd-a-nu
iv 26, Labat TDP 72:13; summa li-ib-bi li-Sa- reSti PN ana AsSur belija ultebila I am
nim waruq if the middle of the tongue is sending herewith the first report by PN to
green YOS 10 51 ii 27, dupl. 52 ii 26 (OB), cf. my lord Assur Borger Esarh. 107:23, cf. TCL 3
ina s li-da-ni-Su YOS 10 47:9; SAG (var. 427 (Sar.); itu mim sa bell ana GN ana pi-
re-es) li-Sa-nim the tip of the tongue YOS 10 im zi li-sa-ni-im i puranni ever since my
52 ii 29, var. from 51 ii 31, and passim in this text; lord sent me to GN for information TIM 2
summa appi li-Sa-nim nakis if the tip of the 92:5; asSum aldkija ana GN [l]i-[sa-na]m-ma
tongue is cut off YOS 10 51 ii 35, dupl. 52 ii 34; eSmema ul [allik] as to my trip to GN, I
if a mole [ina ... li]-Sa-ni-,u ina imitti GAR heard a report and so I did not go ARM 4
YOS 10 54:22, cf. ibid. 23-26 (OB physiogn.). 17:15.
f) representations: 7 EME.MES
teppus ana makurri Sa tidi EME.ME takammis
Sa tidi
c) gossip, slander: appui libbim taddnim
ippim u li-ja-ni-im ta-li-kd-<nim>-ma in-
stead of giving me encouragement you (pl.)
... 7 EME.MES ta(text tu)-bar-rambib makurr
have walked around with slanderous gossip
ri ki EME.ME-ma [ta]barram you form seven
(about me) Adana 237B: 18, cited Balkan Letter
tongues of clay, put the tongues in a boat
p. 16, cf. ina pim u li-sa-nim tallik Kiiltepe c/k
(made) of clay, you seal the seven tongues,
43:38, cited ibid. n. 20; lillikam li-sa-nam [ula]
you seal the opening of the boat as you did
iSamme he should come here (but) he should
the tongues UET 6 410:17f., of. ibid. 22, see
not listen to gossip TCL 20 120:12; libbaka
Iraq 22 222ff.; ritti nise li-sa-a-[nu ... ] (as
u libbi inuah ana takkili u li-sa-nim la tallak
decoration on a box) AfO 18 306 iii 20 (MA
you and I will quiet down, do not go by
inv.), cf. EME.MES (in broken context) ibid. 26.
slander and gossip AAA 1 pl. 19 No. 1 :x+8 (all
OA); EME lemutti karsi tasqirtu ... elija
2. statement, wording, report, gossip, they started evil gossip, slander (and)
usab
slander - a) statement (Nuzi): EME-'U Ba lies against me Borger Esarh. 41 i 26; EME
PN u EME-u Sa PN2 DUMU-SU sa PN3 ana pani
ireddiguma ina karsi imat gossip will follow
ibiiti iqtabi statement of PN and statement him, he will die as a result of slander KAR
of PN2, the sons(!) of PN,, they(!) stated before incantation ana EME.MES
382:20 (SB Alu);
witnesses HSS 9 13:1, cf. ibid. 15:1, HSS 19
radda[di] against the tongues of the slander-
48:1, 114:1, and passim in legal does. from Nuzi,
ers UET 6 410:14, see Iraq 22 222; ina muhhi
also HSS 9 9:12, and passim in statements before
li-ja-ni .a Sarru bell ispuranni assapra tajdli
judges; kim li-Sa-an-Su §a PN ittaras(!) ina
udini la illakuni ina pansunu adaggal with
dini PN2 ilte'e since the statement of PN was
regard to the rumor about which the king,
in agreement with the facts, PN2 won the case
my lord, has written to me, I have sent out
JEN 384:9, cf. kima EME-u-nu-ma a PN u
scouts, but they have not come back so far
da PNPN, ina dini ilte'e JEN 659:26; note:
(and) I am waiting for them ABL 309:4 (NA),
kima EME-Su-nu-ma ittarsu u iqtabil nintah cf. (in broken context) LO EME S ABL 741:5.
hasmi(!) since their statements were in
agreement, saying, "We beat each other" d) in idiomatic use - 1' lisdna Saknu to
AASOR 16 72:11; ki EME.ME tuppi riksi ... establish communication, (commercial) rela-
dajdnii ana PN u ana PN, ittadid according tions: li-d4-nu iSkunu ina qireti [uSbu] they
to the statements of the written contract the (the gods) had a conversation (and then) they
judges fined him (x silver and x gold) to be sat down for the banquet En. el. III 133, cf.
paid to PN and PN, JEN 385:36, cf. JEN ibid. 8; ana MSr erbetti harrdntiunuupattima
391: 26. itti napharmdtdti EME ditkunu ippuu takbittu
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liainu 3 li9inu 4b
I opened roads for them in all directions so li-Sd-nu [ti]di kipdiSina you know the plans
that they could establish an important of all the lands (though their) languages are
position by having (commercial) relations varied Lambert BWL 128:49, cf. nig a.na
with all countries (lit.: by exchanging words) eme inim bal.bal.e : mala sunnd li-Sa-a-
Borger Esarh. 26 vii 41; arddni a garri ja ana nu (people) of diverse languages 4R 20:23f.;
naddn[u] mahdru ana GN EME [i]Skunc kur.bi bad.du eme.bi GIL.ma : sa
subjects of the king who have negotiated Sadilunu nesd li-Sa-an-Au-nu egri whose
with GN for commercial relations ABL 262:9 mountains are far away, whose languages
(NB). are difficult (referring to Elam, Subartu,
Gutium, and Tukris) UET 1 146 iii-iv 6 (Ham-
2' pisu(nu) u lisdnsu(nu) oneself, of one's murapi); ba'ulat arba'i EME ahitu atme la
free will (Nuzi): pi-i-su u EME-9U PN LV mithurti peoples of the four (regions),
habiru a GN ana warditi ana PN2 uSeribsu (speaking in) foreign languages, (of) diverse
JEN 455:1, cf. [pi-i]-Su u EME-ju PN LIU speech Winckler Sar. pl. 43:72, cf. Lyon Sar. pl.
habiru [ana ... ]elluhluti [ana] PN [user]ibsu 18:92; eme ha.mun mu.dili.ginx(aIM)
JEN 448:1, for translat. of parallels with si ba.ni.ib.si.sa.e : li-Sd-an mithurti kima
ramanu see erebu mng. 4b-3'b'; PN LU isten sume tusteSMir you straighten out con-
[hdbiru] itti nis bi[tisu] pi-i-su u EME-5U a[na tradictory statements as if they had one
ardiiti]ana PN iddinu(!) PN, the hdbiru, gave (and the same) wording Borger, JCS 21 5:40,
himself with his whole family into servitude to cf. 4R 19 No. 2:45f.; see also Nabnitu IV 21
PN2 JEN 464:3, cf. 3 amliitu annittu a GN pi- and K 45, in lex. section; KA KUR-ir EME
,u-nu u EME--u-nu ana PN ana arditi iddin la i-sem-me talk will be hostile(?), speech
Suniti JEN 462:5, cf. also [ina pi]sunu ina will not be understood KAR 382:12; [...]
EME-u-nu [ana ar]diti [ana] PN uSeribu eme.gi7 nig.si.ga eme [uri i.zu.h]
JEN 447:3, i pi(text EN)-U 4 li-Sa-an-su [...] li-Sd-an Sumeri tamsil Ak[kadt tide]
AASOR 16 30:4. Examenstext A 20; KI.DU.DU.MES EME.GI 7 EME.
3. commentary, synonym list: summa ina URIki ite'a tahhazu you will learn to search
ekal ubdni kakku puttulu akin pa-ta-lu ka- in the rituals written in the Sumerian and
pa-lu [pa-ta-lu] ka-pa(!)-pi ina EME qabi if Akkadian languages KAR 44 r. 15; bit appdte
there is a tangled "weapon-mark" on the tamsil ekal Hatti §a ina li-ta-a-ni Amurri bit
"palace of the finger" : patdlu (is) kapdlu, hilani isassi a portico, a replica of (that of)
[patdlu(?)] (is also) kapapu, it is said in the a Hittite palace, that they call bit hildi in
synonym list CT 31 10 r.(!) iii 14, dupl. AMT the Amorite language OIP 2 97:82 (Senn.), cf.
71,3:12, cf. ina EME jumsu qabi CT 31 9 r.(!) Lyon Sar. pl. 16:67, and passim in Sar.
iv 3; sa-ha-ru la-mu-u ina EME [qabi summa]
ina adti umsu ana panika GI sa-ha-ru GI [la- b) technical language, special language
mu-u] - saghru (is) lami, it is said in the or dialect: eme Uriki bal.b[al.la eme 16
synonym list, if (the equation of) its line is kh].dfm em[e lu bur.gul] inim bal.
before you in a atu-commentary, (there) GI bal.e.de gis.tuk.bi i.zu.h eme.inim.
(is) sahdru (and) GI (is also) lami CT 31 12 ii dun1 .dun
1 [...] sar.sar eme GUD.SA.GUD.
20, of. TCL 6 5 r. 41, note Saldmu lapdtu ina ra eme AB.KU eme mA.TTN dun 1 .dun
1 .bi
EME qabi laptimma ana EME utirma salmat sum.mu i.zu.h : [li-Sd-an Akkadt] enita
iqbi ibid. r. 31, cf. ina EME CT 31 44 i(!) 17, li-sd-an kuttimmi li-Sd-an purgulli atmaSina
CT 30 41 K.3946+ : 12 (all SB ext.). sema tide [li-Sd-an am]4ned a ana sari ballat
li- d-an kullizi li-4d-an utulli li- d-an malh I
4. language, technical language, special atmdSina dem4 tide do you know how to
language or dialect, nationality, person or speak (and) to understand the Akkadian
people speaking a (foreign) language - technical language(s), the language of the
a) language: [s]a naphar mdtdti ~dit Junnd silversmith, the language of the seal cutter?
213
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liSanu 4c li9inu 6b
do you know how to speak (and) to under- § 2:16 (Dar. Pg); note as personal name:
stand the language of a talker, which is Li-sd-num RA 19 35 (Ur III), etc., see Gelb,
mixed with empty words (lit. wind), the MAD 3 164.
language of the ox driver, the language of the
cattle-herdsman, the language of the sailor? 5. person (captured) able to give infor-
Examenstext A 25f., cf. [eme n]u.es eme i ib mation: [su]hadr Sa PN 1 LT li-Sa-nam awil
eme UH+ME mu. [... i.zu.ht] : []i-S-an ne Idamaras ... [4]-ki(!)-il-[lu] the servants of
dakki li-d-an [idippi li-.d-an paSii ... tide] PN held an agent, a man from Idamaras
ibid. 21; for Sum. terms for special dialects VAS 16 82:6 (OB let.); LU.ME§ bazbhtija ana
see eme.gal, eme.sal(.la), eme.si.sa, [GN] ana li-Sa-nim leqem atrud I sent out
eme. suh(.a), eme sukud(.da), eme.te. scouts to GN to capture someone who could
n&, cited CAD A/2 48f. sub amilu. provide information ARM 10 155:5; mari
GN [ ]a ana li-Sa-nim ilteneqqini[kk]um ana
c) nationality, person or people speaking warditim la teleqqm you must not take into
a (foreign) language: PN um-za--<ar>-hu EME slavery the persons from GN that they keep
ASduraitu PN, a foreigner, who speaks taking to you to give information ARM 1 29:6,
Assyrian (sold) AfO 13 pl. 7:3 (MA); EME cf. ibid. 10:14; li-Sa-nu ussi an informer
ahitu Amurru ibel foreign people will rule will leave (to go to the enemy) YOS 10 25:74
Amurru Thompson Rep. 62:3, 76:3, 77:3, 78:3, (OB ext.); 7 ina libbiSunu EME ki asbata ana
79:3, 80:3, also EME BAR-turn // i-4d-nu ahitu Sarri ... altapra ... .arru lid'alSunuti I took
TCL 6 17:33 (astrol.); u lu agsum erreti from among them seven informers and sent
indtima nakara aha ajaba lemna li-.d-na (them) to the king, the king should question
nakirta lu mamma sand uma'arumaudahhazu them ABL 262 r. 7 (NB); UZU.EME (in
or if on account of these curses he instructs broken context) ABL 1042:4 (NA).
or instigates a hostile stranger, an evil enemy,
6. tongue of a flame, blade of a weapon
a speaker of a foreign language, or anyone
or tool, plowshare, ingot - a) tongue of a
else AOB 1 64:45 (Adn. I), of. lu EME HUL-
flame: i[z]iqamma iltanu ... EME dGirri
tim ana muhhi uma'aru VAS 1 36 v 3 (NB
munnah[z]i ana GN usablir a north wind
kudurru); EME.MES ma'dati ina Nippur ina
blew (and) turned the tongues of the spreading
silli sarri belija there are many foreign
fire against GN Borger Esarh. 104:6; [...]
peoples in Nippur under the protection of
[ni]m.gir.ginx [... mu.un.gir].gfr.re :
the king, my lord ABL 238 r. 6 (NB), cf.
li-Sd-an nirisu kima birqi ittanabriq the
EME.ME sitti ami ereb JamJi Piepkorn Asb.
tongue of his (Gibil's) light flashes around
16 v 9; I am Darius, the great king, the
like lightning BA 5 648:12; summa MIN
king of kings Jar madtte a naphLar li-sa-na-a-
(= IzI.GAR) EME SumeliSu sdmat EME imi[ttisu]
ta gabbi the king of the countries of all
pesat if a torch's (flaming) tongue is red on
nationalities VAB 3 103 § 2:16 (Dar. V), cf.
the left side, and its tongue is white on the
Jar mdtdte da naphar EME gabbi ibid. 87 § 2:5
right side CT 39 36:79, cf. ibid. 78, cf. also ibid.
(Dar. Na), and passim in the titulary of Dar. I and
35: 39f. and 37a:6; note also (referring to
Xerxes, but note the var. Jar mtdate Sar
fringes or decorations) TG MIN (= zarutu)
naphari li-Ja-nu gabbi ibid. 119 § 2:12 (Xerxes
V), cf. ZA 44 163:6 (Dar. Se), note also gar
4a EME.ME§ Practical Vocabulary Assur 267, see
zaratu.
matate a naphar li-Md-nu.MES Herzfeld API
30:6 (Xerxes Ph), 35:7 (Xerxes Pf); ina qaqqar b) blade of a weapon or tool (dagger, ax,
agd rapStu Sa mdtdte mdttu ina libbidu Parsu arrow, shovel): he gave as a votive gift
Madaja u madtte anitima li-Sa-nu danitu 1 hasinnum Au 4 EME-SU one ax with four
on this wide earth on which there are many blades MDP 4 p. 4 iii 14 (Puzur-Insuinak), cf.
countries, Persia (and) Media, (and) other ana Marduk ... PN ... EME(!) pal[ti] Sa
countries, other nationalities VAB 3 85 § 1:7, gi3nugalliiq[iS] PN donated to Marduk (this)
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liinu 6c li'§u
ax blade of alabaster (written on the object) Asb. 16 v 11; PN Sarru bell uda EN li-Ad-ni A~
RA 14 91:11; li-Sa-[n]a-am (erasure) Sa ina GN assaparnSu temu anniu ittarsa
sukurrim useppes I will have a tip made for iqtibanndAi as the king, my lord, knows, PN
the lance Laessoe, Acta Or. 24 86:9 (OB let.); knows the language, I sent him to GN, and
inannaanumma EME patriparzilli [uSebi]lakku he has checked and reported this information
now I send you a blade for an iron dagger to us ABL 342:18 (NA).
KBo 1 14:23, cf. ibid. 25 (let.), cf. also 56 EME.
li~nu in §a liani s.; person able to
GIR.AN.BAR 8 EME.GIR.LI.MU [...] (in list
give information; OB, Mari, SB; cf. liganu.
of objects) KBo 18 158:3f.; [1] patru Sa
eme = li-.d-nu, lu.eme.tuk = id li-Aa-ni
EME-su h[a]b[a]lginnu one dagger whose
Nabnitu IV 19f.; [ld].eme.[tuk] = [§d l]i-Sd-ni
blade is of habalginnu-metal EA 22 i 32, cf. - [...] Hg. B VI 129, in MSL 12 225.
ibid. iii 7, 1 patruSa EME-Au parzillu ibid. ii 16
(list of gifts of TuSratta), cf. eme.gir SAKI 1 awilam a li-a-nim lilqinimma pem
128 vii 14 (Gudea Cyl. B), YOS 4 212 ii 44, and ddbibam bTel litdl they should catch a man
passim in this text, see E. Salonen Waffen 59; gac able to give information, and my lord should
ussini zaqti kepta li-Sd-an-u the tip of question one (lit. a mouth) who is willing to
our pointed arrow is bent (sideways) Cagni talk RES 1937 110:9 (Mari let.), cf. awil Aa
Erra I 90; see also (blade of a shovel) Hh. li-ja-nim lilteqqi ARM 2 22:15, cf. RA 33 172:50
VII B, in lex. section. and 52, and see liAcnu mng. 5; sakldti Ad
li-Ad-na dabibu sal[ipti] scoundrels (and)
c) plowshare: x GIS.EME.APIN x plow- informers who speak treachery Lambert BWL
shares UET 5 499:10, cf. ibid. 682:19; itti 4 136:167 (SB lit.); Aa li-Aa-ni-ia ina mctim
GIS.EME(text .KA).APIN.TUG.KIN essetim to- ittanallak an informer in my employ will go
gether with four new shares for a harbu-plow around in the country YOS 10 36 iv 10 (OB
TLB 4 94 r. 16' (all OB); see also Hh. V, in ext.), cf. d EME ina mdt rube [ittanallak]
lex. section. KAR 152 r. 4, Ad EME ina mat nakri [ittanals
d) ingot: iltet li-Sd-nu KUi.GI 1 MA.NA lak] ibid. 5, Ad EME ina libbi ummdnija
Suqultau one ingot of gold weighing one ittanallak KAR 148:10, also Boissier DA 8:34,
mina Nbn. 331:1, of. ADD 764:1, 3, PBS 13 (with "he will be captured and killed") ibid. 6:11f.
80:27 (MB), EA 27:61, and (weighing 1,000 Thureau-Dangin, RA 33 175 n. 10.
shekels) 29:34, 39. lidu (lildu) s.; cream; OB.*
For the semantic development represented GA+NI = lil-du Hh. XXIV 91; ga-ra GA+NI =
by mng. 5, note Turkish dil (lit. "tongue") = [lil-du] S b I 84; [ga-ra] [GA], [GA+GA], [GA+NI],
"an enemy soldier captured for questioning." [GA+A], [GA+DI§] - lil-du Ea IV 30-34; [ga-ar]
GA+A, GA+ DID, GA+NI = [lil-du] Recip. Ea A ii 1-3;
Ad mng. Id: Oppenheim, History of Religions ga-ar GA+ NI = lil-du Ea IV 72; iAX x = li-il-du
5 258ff. Ad mng. 2a: Koschaker NRUA 21ff. CT 18 30 iv 29 (group voc.).
Ad mng. 3: G. Meier, AfO 12 238 n. 11. Ad mng. 5:
D. Sperling, ANES 2 101ff. amas.a ga h6.me.en : [i-na] su-pu-ri-
im [lu-u4 li-id-du-um a[t-ti] in the pen may
li anu in bel li9ani s.; one who knows
you be the cream Hallo, CRRA 17 p. 128:52
a (foreign) language; NA, SB; cf. liSanu.
(OB hymn to Nisaba).
The foreign messenger was brought before See also eldu.
me EME.MES 8itti samsi ereb samsi Aa ASSur
umall qdtiia be-el EME-Z ul ibSima EME-[U] li'u s.; (mng. unkn.); NA.*
nakratma la idemmi atmidu (in) the nations §a la dulli a la memeni ukattumu li-'-Ai
of east and west that Assur granted me (to dannu ina libbi Ekur eppuu without work
rule), there was no one who could speak his and without anybody (as overseer) they will
language, his language was foreign, they conceal (the thefts), they will make a big 1.
could not understand his speech Piepkorn in Ekur ABL 1389 r. 7.
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ITAu litiktu
ITSu (leTu) s.; dough, paste; Bogh., SB, of the man and make a figurine of it KAR
NA, NB; wr. syll. and NfG.sILAG(§ID).GA; 92:9, cf. NU NJG.SID.GA ibid. 20 and 22, also
of. ld u A.
i-a
U--4.-'um§ID Proto-Izi I 258; [nig.ID].ga = li-
Hh. XXIII v 30; zfD.ID.ga = nin-x-[x],
kagdpti 9a
Biggs Saziga 46:6; 1.TA.AkM salam ka6dapi u
NiG.ID.GA teppu ma you make
one dough figurine each of the sorcerer and
le-e-[§u] Practical Vocabulary Assur 172 f.; the sorceress Maqlu IX 185; salmdnija
frnig1.ID.ga -= li-i-um Nigga Bil.A i 14, also
Nigga Bil. B 45; s[i(i)-l]a(l)§ID = la-a-u, silig,
nfg.~ID.ga, ni-sagDs = li-i-§u Nabnitu IV 24ff.
siLA.bar.ra = ka-ra-su d NfG.AID.GA Antagal
... lu
.eguii lu 9a
a NNIG.ID.GA [lu
NiG.ID.GA qalt lu puuma they
a NiG.AI]D.GA
have made images of me either of dough,

III 145. of bitter-vetch dough, or of roasted grain
ninda nig.mID.ga l .ba.kex(iD) u.mu.un. dough AfO 18 291:23, of. ibid. 297:6, cf. also
te. gur.gur : akala li-i-sd anela uadtu kuppirma
rub that man with bread (and) dough CT 17
Maqlu IV 41, KAR 80:9, r. 17, PBS 1/1 13:19,
11:82f., cf. nig.§ID.ga su.ta gur.gur.ra : li- Schollmeyer No. 21 r. 22, wr. Nif.SID.<GA>
i-d <id> ina zumri kuppuru ASKT p. 86-87:65; (var. li-Se) Biggs gaziga 28:23; [salam?] IM
[nig.SID.gA] su gur.gur.ra.bi : li-i-d §a N-G.ID.GA i.UDU GAB.LAL ana mahar DN
zumurbu tukappiru (he may eat) the dough with GIBiL he burns [figurines of] clay, dough,
which you have rubbed his body Iraq 21 57:33.
tallow (and) wax before Samas Or. NS 36 33:6'
a) used in medical treatment: ana libbi (namburbi); inim.inim.ma uih.bur.ru.
NfiG.ID.aA u digip gadt tuballal you mix with da nu.nig.SID.ga.kam incantation to
it (the herb) dough and mountain honey break a spell with the help of a dough figurine
Kiichler Beitr. pl. 8 ii 15, cf. [NiG.SI]D.GA Maqlu II 125.
tubbal you dry the dough (in preparation of d) other occs.: kisir sa u.si-ku-nu ina
a paste for treatment) ibid. pl. 2 i 32; hum: le-4i lu la itabbu asuddtikunu le-e-Au likulu
bigste 4a NIG.SID.GA e-pig pidu takdr AMT
your fingertips shall not dip into (real)
36,2:4; ina NIG.SID.GA ... S.pgu tukappar dough, may they (your descendants) eat an
you rub his foot with dough CT 23 1:4, of. asidu-dish made of your (ground bones) as
NG.SID.GA Suutu ina hurri ... tagakkan you dough Wiseman Treaties 447 (NA); [... .]
put that dough in a hole ibid. 9, cf. (in A.ME-d ina NIG.SID.GA kundsi tepehhi you
broken context) ina li-i-i [...] KUB 37 lute its (the pot's) rim with emmer dough
55 ii 16'; 4umma amelu indsu marsama ime
AMT 31,5:6, cf. ibid. 45,2:4, also 24,4:12, 81,8:11,
ma'dte insu la ipte ... qaqqassutugallab ina cf. ina faG.sID.A ZID.AE.§E§ tupahha KAR
ime 3-k Nio.GsD.GA tukassa if a man's eyes 66:7.
are affected so that he cannot open his eyes
For CT 22 238:1, see nikkassu. In VAS 12
for many days, you shave his head and let
193+ r. 24 and 26, see BoSt 6 68ff., and Giiterbock,
(hot) dough cool off (on his eyes) three times
ZA 42 90, li-is-6i is more likely to be a verbal
a day Kocher BAM 20:14, restored from AMT
form than the noun lidu.
8,1:9, 11,2:46, Kocher BAM 159 iv 4.
litbusu adj.; clothed; syn. list*; cf. labadu.
b) used for fattening birds: one duck
ti-i-ru, ta-al-tab-au, il-hu, tap-pu-$u = lit-bu-.u
9a li-i-Si (fattened) with dough GCCI 1
Malku VI 82ff., also An VII 171ff.
112:2, cf. ibid. 200:7, GCCI 2 162:8 (NB), of.
also (in broken context) CT 22 161:11 (NB let.); litiktu s.; true measure; OA; cf. latdku.
x kurki a NiG.SID.GA iklu x geese that have lid NI = li-ti-ik-tu Ea II 11; li-id NI = li-ti-ik-tum
eaten dough (for fattening) RAcc. 64:28, cf. A II/1:9; li-id NI = li-ti-ik-td A II/1 Comm. 9;
lid-da aGI§.§.DI = [li-t]i-ik-tum Diri III 28;
ibid. 16f.
[x-x] A.[DI§(?)] = li(!)-ti(!)-ik-tum (text e-ri-ri-ik-
c) used for making figurines: NiGa.ID.GA tum) MSL 2 149:29 (Proto-Ea); [GIld-da]gX.DS =
li-ti-ik-td, [gis.M]SITA = MIN, giS.i..ITA = i-di MIN
kunSAi u ziD GU.1cNvUZ [...] ina zumur Hh. VII A 226ff.; [gi§.X.DI§] = [l]i-ti-ik-tum =
amli tukapparma salma teppub you rub su-fil-tum Hg. II 106, in MSL 6 111; lid-da GI§.
dough of emmer and .... -flour on the body SITA = [li-tik]-tum Diri III 32; gis.1a.a = i-gi
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litku littu A
li-ti-ik-tum Proto-Kagal Bil. E 72; [KAXA] = with its cows has been scattered SBH p. 73:13f.,
li-ti-ik-tum Kagal D Section 8:8; [x].KA.bi = cf. 6.tur ... Ab.e sag nam.e : [tarb]asa ...
li-ti-ik-tu[m] IM 13398:13 (OBGT). la-ti- la tasappah S. A. Smith Misc. Assyr. Texts
p. 24:31, dupl. VAS 2 79, see ZA 31 116; 6.thr
amitam la ukallimsu li-ti-ik-ta-Sa PN ana ki Ab udu [...] : tarba.u alar la-a-tum du zu
PN2 ubilma he did not show him the amiutu- [...] Langdon BL No. 164:1f.
metal, PN brought its full amount to PNa i Ab.ku.ga ga Ab.Silam.ma su u.me.ti
(and said: send it away, I will take it) amni arhu elletu 6i-zib la-a-td leqema take the fat
of a pure cow (and) cow's milk BIN 2 22:195f.,
CCT 5 13a: 13 (OA).
also KAR 123:9f., cf. CT 17 12:30, see AAA 22
von Soden, Or. NS 20 163f. 92:195; lugal.amar.Silam.ku.[ga.&m] : .arru
br lit-ti elleti 5R 51 iii 53, see JCS 21 11:33;
litku s.; test, measure; SB; cf. latdku. silam.me.a : li-ti tdhazi Angim III 31; ilam.
The foals are not assigned to teams gal.la : lit-turn GAL-td SBH p. 19 r. 16f.
adi ... la innammaru li-ti-ik-s4-un until lit-td = bur-ti RA 17 175 ii 24 (astrol. comm.);
la-a-tum = AB.GUD.MI.A Uruanna III 540.
their test performance can be observed
TCL 3 172 (Sar.); eniima ina bibli iimu erpu a) cow - 1' wr. syll.: 1-et lit-turm a kak
ibaSika li-ti-ik-si DUG maSqd if at the obser- kabtu ana PN ana epinnu ittadin he gave one
vation of the new moon you have a cloudy cow (marked with) the star to PN for the
day, its measure is a maSqi-vessel Bab. 4 plow BIN 1 95:12 (NB), cf. lit-tum Nbn. 54:4;
112:63 + K.8801 (astrol.), also ibid. 64, and ACh in lit.: li-it-tu bitru retd Japilma (see buiru A
Supp. 2 Sin 19:7f. mng. la-2') Lambert BWL 86:260; ina aman
von Soden, Or. NS 20 162f. li-it-ti AMT 88,2:11; umma alpu ihann[isma]
littu A (litu) s.; cow, (in the pl.) bovines li-it-ta la udri Izbu Comm. 488.
(of both sexes and all ages); from OB, MB 2' wr. AB: AB amsa[tum MU.NI] one cow
on; pl. lidtu, latu; wr. syll. and AB, GUD.AB, [called] Samsatum A 32135:1 (OB); 1 AB
in the pl. AB.PH.A and GUD.AB.HI.A. MU 4 maSakSa salim uzncda [...] Simat
silam = lit-ti (var. l[i-it]-tu), iilam.kur.ra = iSatim ul idu one four-year-old cow, its hide
MIN KUR-i Hh. XIV 59f.; Ab = ar-hu, Ab.silam
is black, its ears are [...], without a brand
= lit-turn, Ab.gar.ra MIN [.... Hh. XIII 333ff.;
ab. ilam = lit-tum = [burtu] Hg. A II 245, in PBS 2/2 27:1, cf. BE 14 38:2 (both MB); elat
MSL 8/1 54; si-la-am TJRXSAL = lit-tum Sb II 132; 1-et AB da ana 10 diqil kaspi ina paniu
[im-ma]-al TtiRXSAL = [lit-tu] Emesal Voc. II ii 91, Nbn. 599:8; note the pl.: AB.ME§ BE 14
cf. im-ma-al TiTRXMA§, sa-al-lam TURXMA§ = 119:7 (MB), AnOr 8 10:12 (NB); in lit.: itet AB
[lit-tu] Ea V 147f., im-ma-la TtTRXSAL = [lit-tu]
ibid. 151; MIN (== [...]) [TtTRXMA] = [lit-tu],
a Sin Geme-Sin dumsa Kocher BAM 248 iii
a[r-hu] A V/3:90f.; [x]-ri-ig TtrRXUS = li-tu 10, and passim in this conjuration, wr. GUD.AB
Ea V Excerpt 19'; [g]a.Ab.ku.ga = Si-zib la-a-ti Studies Landsberger 285:20, 286:26, also Iraq 31
el-le-te Hh. XXIV 97. 31:55 (MA version); dizib AB cow's milk AMT
6-du-ul PA.DAG.KISIMsXGUD(!) = 2-tu-ul sa li-a-ti 3,5:6, 90,1 r. iii 10, Kocher BAM 323 r.(1) 41, etc.,
Proto-Diri 278, cf. [u]-du-ul PA.DAG+ KISIMx GTTD
(text UDU.MAS) = MIN (= r[e' ]) Sd AB.GUD.HI.A note GA AB SIG7 . SIG0 milk from a yellow cow
Diri V 33; [AB].KU = re-[um] §a(!) li-a-[tim] Proto- LKA 108:8'; Ser'dn AB RI.RI.GA sinew of a
Diri 457. dead cow AMT 105,1:4, also 79,2:12, 90,1 r. iii 3,
Ab.e edin.na.na 6r.gig mu.un.ma.al K6cher BAM 237:6, and passim in this text; ina
lit-turn ana biti~u marsio ibakki the cow cries
bitterly over her temple SBH p. 101:51f., dupl.
Kl§ AB MI with the urine of a black cow
K.5687:lf., cf. Ab : lit-turn ibid. p. 113: lff., Kocher BAM 33:7; KA§ AB ibid. 156 r. 32,
116 No. 63:3f.; Ab.ginx(aIM) gu.im.me : kima dupl., wr. AB.GUD AMT 5,5:12; umma AB
lit-ti inaggag (var. iassi) OECT 6 p. 36: llf.; ulidma Leichty Izbu XIX 1, and passim in this
im.ma.al.la gi.bi.de(!) : lit-turn issima Lang-
tablet; AB mra U silitu the cow, her calf and
don BL 71:lf.; [... g]ud.Ab.ba : lit-tu biTgra
meru CT 13 37:28; Ab ki amar.bi [...] Ab al. the afterbirth Leichty Izbu p. 198 K.7643:13.
ma. ma. [... ] : lit-turn iltanass[i]lit-turn illak [. . . ]
TCL 6 54:1ff.; tfir.ra ab.bi.ta sag ba.ab. 3' wr. GUD.AB: 1 GUD.AB (listed between
dug4 : tarbaqu ima la-ti-3. issapah the cattle yard cows, from AB.[AL] to AB.GA, and bulls, from
217
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littu A littu A
GUD.GI to AMAR.GA, added up as AB.GUD. ekallim the herdsman of the palace's cattle
LI.A) Riftin 56:6 and 19; 1 GUD.AB MU 3 Sumer 14 42 No. 18:9; SIPA.ME§ AB.HI.A TCL 1
SIG 5 -t KAJ 89:1, cf. [GUD].AB annitu ibid. 7, 1:17; AB.HI.A agurma ... dima hire cattle
also KAJ 93:2, 95:1 and 9, 115:6 and 9; GUD. and do the threshing A 3524:9, cf. AB.HI.A
AB AfO 10 40 No. 89:3 (MA); GUD.AB §a iJ.TU. ina GN ni-is-hu-ur we looked for cattle in GN
ME HSS 13 330:2, also 331:1, etc.; 1 GUD.AB (but there were none) ibid. 14, AB.HI.A i4-sa-
JEN 400:12, also TCL 9 12:9, 26, 30, 2 GUD. ab-bi-it-ma ibid. 20, 20 AB.HI.A ibid. 30, 30
AB JEN 472:15, GUD.AB (against GUD NITA) AB.HI.A TCL 1 7:11 (all OB); AB.HI.A Sa
HSS 9 104:11, HSS 16 433:1, and passim in ekallim ARM 1 118:6, and passim in this text,
Nuzi, but never AB alone (in JEN 391:24 note SIPA AB.HJI.A ARM 9 25:22, PN Sa
the copied signs a-na AB do not exist on the AB.HI.A ibid. 257:11', cf. also Studies Robinson
tablet); the thief who stole 6-ta GUD.AB p. 103:4; ina muhhi AB.II.A u UDU.NITA
GAL.MES YOS 6 144: if.; 1-et GUD.AB GAL MDP 23 187:8, cf. MDP 22 160:3; AB.HI.A ui
umm nu PBS 2/1 79:3 and 7; 4im GUD.AB U 8 .UDU.H[I.A] BE 17 54:2 (MB let.); excep-
VAS 6 190:14f.; GUD.AB-ka babbdnitu CT 22 tionally in lit.: tdlitti AB.II.A irappi [A]B.
36:26; GUD.AB alittu Nbn. 646:1 and 6; 1-et HI.A ina seri aburris NA.ME ZA 52 254:109ff.
GUD.AB salindu MU 5-i-ti one five-year-old (astrol.).
black cow BE 9 20:1, of. ibid. 7, 10, 2 GUD.
AB.ME
3' wr. AB.GUD.HI.A: ana AB.GUD.HI.A i-lu
YOS 6 103:20, cf. also Evetts Lab. 2:1,
Us.UDU.HII.A r'im CH § 261:22, and passim;
wr. GUD.AJB-tu Evetts Ev.-M. 12:2; GUD.AB U
AB.GUD.HI.A tU8 .UDU.I.A ... imutta TCL 18
DUMU.SAL-9 Nbn. 639:14; GUD.AB-u RA 25
120:15, cf. simtum mala AB.OGUD.HI.A iSakna
79 No. 14:5 (all NB); 1 GUD 1 GUD.AB adi GUD.
TCL 17 8:9, also Kraus AbB 1 2:19, and passim
AMAR-.a one bull, a cow and her male calf
in OB letters; note 10 AB.GUD.HI.A Kraus AbB
TCL 3 401, cf. ibid. p. 72:134 (Sar.); in med.:
1 40:7; SIPA AB.GUD.II.A Kraus Edikt § 10':12,
z] a GUD.AB gall from a cow AMT 41,1:28;
also BIN 7 8:4, 17 and 20, VAS 7 136:11 (all
KA§ AB.GUD cow urine AMT 5,5:12; GA GUD.
OB), BBSt. No. 33 i 12 (NB); haliqti AB.GUD.
AB.KIT.GA Kuichler Beitr. pl. 6 i 1, but GA AB.
HI.A BE 14 119:29, cf. ibid. 137:10 (MB); 80
K!l.GA ibid. pl. 5 iv 54 (catch line); see also
Studies Landsberger 285f.:20, 26, cited usage
AB.GUD.HI.A 16 GUD.ME a Sipri MRS 9 167
RS 17.129:11; U 8 .UDU.HI.A AB.GUD.HI.A UCP 9
a-2'.
99 No. 36:4, and passim in NB, often adding
4' atypical writings: GUD.SAL HSS 13 425:1, up various age groups, see Landsberger, MSL
6, 331:7, 333:7, HSS 16 453:6, RA 23 154 No. 8/1 61, also (as heading) BRM 1 3:1; summa rimu
48:12; 1 GUD.SAL-tum umnarbu one four-year- ana AB.GUD.HI.A frubma umiSamma ittiSina
old cow HSS 9 109:12 (all Nuzi); SAL.GUD U irte'e if a wild bull goes into (the enclosure of)
DUMU.SAL-di Dar. 392:12. the cattle and pastures with them every day
CT 40 41 79-7-8, 128 r. 5, cf. CT 39 15:28, 18:81,
b) in the plural, denoting bovines of both CT 40 30 K.4073+ :30 (all SB Alu), Thompson Rep.
sexes and all ages - 1' wr. syll.: cf. utul 101:8, 103:11; izbu lu sa AB.GUD.HI.A TCL 6
Sa liiti Proto-Diri 278 and 457, cited in lex. sec- 16:10 and dupl. (astrol.), see ZA 52 236, luna AB.
tion, also SBH p. 73:13f., etc., cited in lex. section;
ultasbissipanu sukulliga la-tu illakaina arkia
GUD.HI.A In Sa
U8 .UDU.iJI.A LKA 114:1 and
dupls. (namburbi), see Or. NS 34 125; I pro-
(Sin) made her (the cow) take the lead of
her herd, the (other) cows follow her Studies
vided the gipdru with AB.GUD.HI.A u U .UDU.
8
HI.A YOS 1 45 ii 14 (Nbn.); 6000 AB.GUD.HI.A
Landsberger 286:22. akt nqiddtidina LKU 46:5, see Borger, AfO 18
117; note also AB.GUD.ME§ PSBA 38 27 (pl. 1)
2' wr. AB.HI.A: IU.NIGIN 46 AB.I.A (add-
8 and 11, AB.GUD.ME TCL 13 182:28 (NB).
ing up GTD, AB and AB.AMAR) TCL 10 99:7;
AB.HI.A ekallim Sumer 14 24 No. 6:4, cf. AB. 4' wr. GUD.AB.MES, GUD.AB.HII.A: GUD.AB.
HI.A indti ibid. 8, also SIPA AB.HI.A §a ME§ Practical Vocabulary Assur 321; GUD.AB.
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littu B littu C
ME§, GUD.AB.BABBAR.MES ADD 777 r. If., seeAfO summa GIA. A.A ipub if he makes a stool
18 340 iii 10-10b (Practical Vocabulary Nineveh); Dream-book 308 i 6, cf. 324 r. i 3, 332:x + 21;
UDU.MES GUD.AB.[ME§] ADD 115 edge 1; PN Summa ina GI .sr.A alib if he is sitting on a
LU na-qid d a GUD.AB.ME YOS 3 117:7 (NB stool ibid. 308 ii 1; if PN declares, "I am
let.); 2 GUD.AB.MI.A (adding up 1 AB.AL going with my mother" T1G-9u ina GI§.St.A
and 1 GUD MU 1) PBS 8/1 79:5, and note: liskun agar libbiSu lillik let him place his
feed for UDU.SE U GUD.AB BIN 7 158:9 (both garment on a stool and go where he wants
OB); 6 GUD.AB.HI.A ARM 9 21:1. MRS 9 127 RS 17.159:38, also ibid. 26; ina muhs
For AB in OB and SB, see arhu B; for AB. hi GIS.U.A tueAdibSu you have him (the sick
MAH, AB.MA x(AL), see burtu, note also AB. person) sit on a stool Kocher BAM 104:62.
SAL.MAHx BIN 1 108:1, AB.GAL.SAL.MAHx b) used by craftsmen: summa ina GIb.
YOS 6 58:5 and 7, GCCI 1 164:1; for AB.GAL, § .A gallbi a.ib if he sits on a barber's stool
see burtu discussion section. The collective AB. CT 39 39:6, cf. CT 41 33 r. 5 (Alu Comm.), cf.
GUD.I.A, cited usage b-3', is in OB, SB, and also, with ina a~9. t.A ma-ak-ri-ti CT 39
probably in NB also, to be read liatum, ldtu,
although there are lexical equations with
sukullu, q.v., and note AB.GUD.HI.A referring
W.A
39:7, also CT 41 33:2 (Alu Comm.), with GIg.
IGI.DT CT 39 39:8, of. CT 41 33:3.
to herds of horses Leichty Izbu XX 2. c) as symbol of rank at court: kime ana

In Iraq 23 56f. ii 18, 22, and passim, GA-AB mahar Sam i illak L .MES GAL.GAL Sa amai
either is to be read ga-lit(i), or is an abbrevi- idtu aGI.si.A <... > as soon as he comes into
ation for another word, but not a logogram the presence of the Sun, the high officials of
for GA "milk" + AB. In the heading JCS 2 80 the Sun will <get up> from their stools
No. 9:6, AB.GUD.HI.A SAG.NIG.GA ZA(?)-la-at KBo 1 5 i 42 (treaty); sa GIg li-it-te [...] a
MU ... "cattle, initial stock, .... of the sapldnu sa tdtararAi (see ardru A mng. 2)
year Abi-esuh n," la-at cannot designate the AfO 17 283:80 (MA harem edicts).
collective liatum. For GI.Afr.A in Hitt. see A. Archi, Studi
Landsberger, MSL 8/1 p. 66. Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 1 (1966) 76ff.; GI li-i-ti
littu B s.; stool; from OB, MA on; pl. KUB 17 10 ii 22 is a Hitt. word for a fruit,
littitu; wr. syll. and GIS.S0.A. see Giiterbock, JAOS 88 68 n. 11.
GI§.§U.A = li-it-tum Hh. IV 129; GIS.§t.A..du 1 o.
us.sa = MIN nar-ma-ki ibid. 130; GI .tI.A.1u =
littu C (liddatu) s.; offspring; OAkk., SB,
MIN qa-ti ibid. 131, for other types ibid. 132-42 NA; stat. const. lidat, pl. liddtu; cf. alddu.
see harranu, namzaqu, riqdu, niggulu, niggalli,
mu-u MU = lit-tum A III/4:2; mu = li-it-t[um]
kussd, see also the professions gallabu, purkullu,
N 970:5 (OB gramm.).
gurgurru, kalii, kalamahu.
[dingir(?)] bAn.da : dlMIN lit-tum 4R 24
gi.sag.dur.ra.gigir = li-it-tu Hh. V 41;
No. 2:25f.
giL.sag.d6r.ra.apin = lit-tu ibid. 165.
li-it-tu(var. turn) = i-li-it-tur Explicit Malku I
a) in gen.: 4 GI§ li-it-te-tum (preceded by 312; li-da-a-tu(var. -turn) = i-li-it-tur ibid. 314;
i-lit-tc lit-tu (<tu> CT 41 27 r. 24 (Alu Comm.).
chairs) CT 4 40b:5, cf. 10 GIS.A T.(A>.HI.A
(preceded by chairs, bed) UET 5 793:11 (both a) said of gods: DN lit-ti sirtuea bel nams
OB); 2 GI§ li-it-te-e-<ti> (in list of furniture) ra;st §amag, superb offspring of the lord
VAS 6 246:17 (NB); 10 GIS(!) li-it-tum idten whose rise is brilliant (= Sin) Schollmeyer No.
upal lepu ten stools, one (of them) a foot- 18:7.
stool (lit. under the foot) Nbn. 258:14; bite
GIS.S1.A.MES bite guiire iba,~ini inakkisu b) said of kings: RN lit-tu ellutu 5a RN,
wherever there are stools, wherever there are Adad-nirari, the pure offspring of Asiur-ras-
beams, they will cut them ABL 507 r. 5 (NA), cf. isi KAH 2 84:12; li-id-da-ti (var. l1plipi)
(in broken context) ibid. 14, ABL 467:23 (NA); Sarritti andku I (Assurbanipal) am an off-
l[i-t]um (in broken context) EA 25 iv 38; spring of royalty Streck Asb. 6 i 40.
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littu D littitu
c) other occ.: Li-da-at-kinim (personal wellinto (my) old age VAB 4 232 ii 23 (Nbn.), cf.
name) MAD 1 233 i 7 (OAkk.). ludud sirddka adi se-be-e li-it-tu-tu ibid. 176
See also littu D. B x 35 (Nbk.); may the gods grant the king
tub libbi tub Sere ime arkiti de-bd-e li-tu-ti pale
littu D s.; old man; NB*; cf. littutu. Sa nuhSi ABL 358:11 (NA), of. ABL 733:9;
[...] = si-i-bu, x.ba = li-it-td, [lu].ab.ba = iumeu liriku liS-bi lit-tu-tu may his days be
pur-u-mu Erimhus VI 228ff. long, may he live to enjoy a great age Streck
The aknu-officials lit-ti masse itane iadluma Asb. 240:20, cf. lu-us-ba-a lit-tu-tu CT 36 23
inquired from the old men(?), the experts, ii 38 (Nbn.); sibuti luksud lu-uS-ba-a li-it-tu-ti
(and) the neighbors BE 1 83 ii 9 (early NB VAB 4 198 No. 31:7, and passim in this phrase in
kudurru). Nbk., also ibid. 214 ii 36 (Ner.); liS-ba-a lit-tu-t
In the badly written letter the passage Iraq 15 124:31 (Merodachbaladan), also JAOS 88
<<me-e> a-na li-it-ti me liqqi let her (the slave 127 ii b 24; let me live in this palace ina tub
girl)'libate water to .... Kraus AbB 1 21:21, sere tub libbi nummur kabatti se-be-e lit-tu-
the meaning of littu, if indeed that word is ti(var. -te) Borger Esarh. 64 vi 56, OIP 2 134:93
intended, is obscure. For Kraus AbB 1 15:2, (Senn.); Ad-ba-a lit-tu-tu I have had the
see litu usage a-3'. satisfaction of growing very old AnSt 8 50:34;
likin kussaka liri[ku] imeka Ai-ba-a lit-tu-tu
littfl s.; (a net); lex.*; Sum. lw. (addressing Assurbanipal) AfO 18 383 ii 19;
gil.sa.ellagx(Bm).di = lit-tu-u Hh. VI 183b, ana ... se-ba-a lit-tu-tu-si tuppi iStur CT 42
cf. gi .el.la.an.du MSL 6 66:21 (Forerunner to 37 r. 21 (colophon); se-be-e lit-tu-i-ti kin kussd
Hh. VI); gi.sa.ellagx.du = lit-[t]u-4 - MIN
(= [se-e-tu §a L(J §U.jA] fisherman's net) Hg. I 88, u labdr pale ana irikti Surkam YOS 1 44 ii 24
in MSL 6 76. (Nbk.); [Sibutu] lit-tu-tu ana sarri belija lu-
ab-bi-4 may they (the gods) sate the king,
littitu s.; extreme old age; SB, NA, NB; my lord, with old age and (even) extreme
cf. littu D. old age ABL 113:11, and passim in this blessing
nig.zi.gAl.si.g[a] : se-be-e lit-tu-ti StOr 1 in the ABL letters.
32:7.
mit-lu-tu // lit-tu-tu // MIN (i.e., BE-lu-tu with the
reading til-lu-tu) // it-ba-ru-tu Leichty Izbu p. 233 c) with other verbs: may Nabfi shorten
ROM 991:14. his life aj ikuda lit-tu-ta may he not reach
very old age BBSt. No. 11 iii 9; Sibuta lillik
a) in gen.: forty (years mean) prime (of
likSda lit-ti-tu Winckler Sar. pl. 25 No. 54:7,
life) (see lalitu), fifty: short life, sixty:
ZDMG 72 184:17, and dupls.; sebiitu lullik lit-tu-
maturity, seventy: long life, eighty: old age
tu luksud Borger Esarh. 26 viii 18; lamassu
(.ibictu), ninety: lit-tu-tu extreme old age
STT400:47; obscure: [x] x x sa 6.ga dumqi ... uzakSidannu ana lit-tu-tu the
= lit-
tu-ut-ka RA 17 121 ii 1, also ina lit-tu-ti-4u friendly protective spirit let me attain ex-
alakta [...] BA 5 691 No. 44:4. treme old age AnSt 8 50:38 (Nbn.); Aar
Elamti lit-tu-tu illak ACh Supp. Sin 30:15, also
b) with eb and ubbd: baldt iime rqiqti ACh Supp. 2 Sin 23a:38; Aar Akkadi lit-tu-tu
.e-bd-e lit-tu-tu tuib eri u hn d libbi (grant me) illak ibid. 51; EN E.BT lit-tu-tu DU OAR-Acl
a life of many days, the satisfaction of attainment of very old age is in store for the
growing very old, good health and happiness owner of this house CT 38 10:14 (SB Alu);
Borger Esarh. 76:18, JCS 17 130:17, and passim may the gods baldt ime ri qiute Sibitu
in this phrase in Esarh., also Streck Asb. 242:41, lit-tu-ti ana sarri ... liddinu give the king
246:70, VAB 4 190 No. 23 i 14, and passim in Nbk., a long life, old age (and even) extreme old
VAB 4 216 ii 33 (Ner.), 270 ii 44, YOS 1 45 ii 37 age ABL 76 r. 10, also ABL 353 r. 7, cf. Belet
(both Nbn.), 5R 66 i 30 (Antiochus I), wr. li-it-tu- baldti ... a ime arkiite sibitu lit-tu-tu ulmu
u-[tim] CT 37 20 iii 51, note kussi arrtija baldti ana Sarri ... taddanuni ABL 204 r. 7;
lulabbir adi Se-bd lit-tu-tu may my rule last may the gods lit-tu-tu u labri iimu liimu
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decree extreme old age and a long du- li-tum the enemy army will be victorious
ration of (his) days ABL 340:20 (all NA), over my army CT 20 49 r. 36, cf. also ina
cf. sebuti [x]-KU-SID lit-tu-[ti] aj iqiSkunu kakki nakru li-tam eli ummanija isakkan
Wiseman Treaties 416, tub libbi tib eri tuib ina kakki li-tam eli
CT 30 20 Rm. 273+ r. 5;
umi u lit-tu-ta iqd[ssu] Kocher BAM 315 ii 5; ummani nakri taakkan TCL 6 4:8, wr. li-i-di
ibi araku jumija qibi li-it-tu-4-ti pronounce ibid. 2; agar kakki NfG.E tagakkan you will
long life for me, order very old age VAB 4 triumph in battle KAR 423 ii 3, ummni ema
88 ii 29 and dupls., also (in your tablet, Nabui) illaku isakkan li-ta CT 20 49 r. 32 (all SB ext.),
ibi araku iumija Sutur li-it-tu-u-tim ibid. 100 ii [sarru agar]illaku NIG.E-su [iSakkan] Thompson
25 (both Nbk.). Rep. 189:5, wr. li-is-su ibid. 222:4, sarru ema
Oppenheim, Or. NS 22 429; Nougayrol, RA 62 96. illaku NiG.E isakkan CT 39 28:1, garru ema
illaku NfI.E u kisitti qdti eli nakrigu iakkan
litu s.; (a quality of silver); OA; foreign
ibid. 7f. (SB Alu), cf. ina teretika salmati sa li-
word(?).
tiu [u kisitti qdAte ... ] KAR 452:23, restored from
a) in apposition, inflected: x Ki.BABBAR ibid. 6; NiG.E TCL 6 12 r. xii 10, 13; GAR-an
li-tdm SIGg isser PN ... PN 2 isu PN owes PN 2 NiG.i KAR 423 ii 4; li-it nakri DUGUD GAR-
x good 1.-silver Kienast ATHE 6A 2. an KAR 437:9 (ext.); li-tam ileq[qe] Kraus Texte
b) in the uninflected form liti: tuppusu 55:4', see AfO 11 222, cf. sikkatu : le-qe-e li-ti
sa MA.NA
. kaspim li-ti a be'uldtisu his peg (in the protasis means): to achieve
tablet concerning (a debt of) one-half mina victory CT 20 39:7; note bard ... qiba
of 1.-silver being his working capital OIP 27 isakkan li-ta TI the diviner may give a prog-
59:7; x Ki.BABBAR li-ti im PN IPN 2 ... tasqul nosis, he(?) will achieve victory KAR 151:6
ICK 1 19a:7 = 19b:2, of. 19a:21 and 19b:19; and 33; ummdn sarri ina li-ti-gu izzaz the
x KUT.BABBAR li-ti isser PN PN, isu ICK 1 army of the king will triumph KAR 153
83:2,115:1, 172:2, ICK 2 11A:1= 11B:4, OIP 27 obv.(!) 20, cf. KAR 422:31f. (all ext.); garru ina
59:37, CCT 1 7a:2, also, with li-ti SIG5 RA 59 li-i-ti izzaz Thompson Rep. 244:3 and 246:2;
22 MAH 16206:1, Kienast ATHE 5A:2 = 5B:5, musalqat li-i-ti (Istar) who provides victory
TCL 21 231A:2, 238A:2, 238B:6, CCT 1 6c:1, AKA 207:5 (Asn.); li-i-ti u dandni eli matati
Golenischeff 10:1, note li-ti sG 5-tim ICK 2 43:2. kalisina altakkan WO 1 458:56, also Iraq 25
56:47, and passim in Shalm. III, cf. sdkin li-i-te
Garelli Les Assyriens 267.
eli kalisina matdte Iraq 14 32:10, also AKA
litu (letu) s.; victory, victorious deed, 179:14, 192:4 (Asn.); li-i-ta (var. li-ta)gitnunta
victorious might, triumph, power, rule; elisunu altakan AKA 34 i 56 (Tigl. I); li-i-ta
from OAkk., OB on; pl. litatu; wr. syll. (note u danana sa Assur belija eli GN altakkan
li-i-di TCL 6 4:2) and Nio.E; cf. le'd v. KAH 2 84:60 (Adn. II), cf. li-i-ti Agsur belija
a.ga1 = le-e-du = (Hitt.) sAL-za wa-al-kis-sa-ra- ... eli GN akunma TCL 3 152 (Sar.); li-i-tum
as victory Izi Bogh. A 16; [nig].e = li-i-tu VAT kisitti qdti §a eliSunu agtakkanu sirugsu usasg
10379:11.
a.garga.me ur bd.me.a : Si-i lu-u lit-ni let tirma OIP 2 27 ii 8, 58:26, also AfO 20 94:113
her be our strength (for context see ?erretu A lex. (Senn.), ultu ... aStakkanu da-na-nu u li-i-tu
section) TCL 6 51:23f.; nam.a.g[al].zu gub. Streck Asb. 26 iii 51, etc., note Nergal ...
bi.[i]b : li-[it-ka] &u-zi-iz LIH 60 ii 5f. (Hammu- ,dkin tahte mugakinu li-i-ti BMS 46:17, etc.;
rapi). eli malki Sa kibrdt erbetti li-i-ftil agtakkan
a) achieved by the king - 1' with sakdnu, Borger Esarh. 86 § 57:11; asu li-i-ti gakanu
lequ, uzuzzu, etc.: halqitum ... li-ta-am ina gdmeruta epegi ibid. 18 Ep. 14:5b; li-tum u
muhhini la igakkanuma fugitives (and evil- ki-dit-[ti] §uvi eli ndkiridu la idakkanu PBS 13
doers) must not triumph over us CT 4 2 r. 28 69:7 (MB lit.); LUGAL RN ittaliz ina li-ti
(OB let.); eli nakrim li-ta-am idakkan he will King RN came out as victor BBSt. No. 6 i 42
triumph over (his) enemy YOS 10 36 ii 38 (OB (Nbk. I); eli nakriu ina li-ti uzzuzimma to
ext.), cf. umm n nakri eli ummunija idakkan triumph over his enemy TCL 3 57, cf. eli
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SarJi mudSlija azziza ina li-i-ti ibid. 157, eli u Sumi damqim in a powerful position and
ajabi u zmdn uAzassu ina NIO. ibid. 122 with a good reputation Kraus AbB 1 15:2 (OB
(Sar.); ina li-i-ti u dananu uSdzizuinni ser let.); I crossed the mountains ina li-it
nakrctija Streck Asb. 84 x 38; eli nakrija ina kis.utijaSuturti in my overpowering strength
li-i-ti uSdzizunima Borger Esarh. 59 v 35, Weidner Tn. 27 No. 16:42, also ibid. 12 No. 5:36;
cf. ina li-i-ti u kiditti qdti isri nakiriliSzizanni Sa ina li-it kiutiSu ula'itugimir kibrati who
ibid. 27 ix 10; ina li-ti le'Oti dandna u kiSitti with his might controlled all the world
qdti ... illad Knudtzon Gebete 68:9 and r. 17, ibid. 26 No. 16:20; may the gods ina li-te
cf. ina li-i-te dandni [...] ibid. 151 r. 7; kis-su-ti(text -ia) u metelluti lirtaddUu lead
kaS du irnittija eli ndkiri usuzzu ina li-i-ti him (the future king) (to rule) the world in
5R 66 i 27 (Antiochus I); mala libbus ims 2 might and heroism AKA 248 v 50 (Asn.); [x]-
dal-bi-is ina li-ti VAS 1 37 ii 40 (kudurru). qa-at li-i-ti-Su (parallel: tanattukissutisu) AfO
18 44 r. 15 (Tn.-Epic); RN LUGAL.E ina li-ti §a
2' referring to recording victorious deeds
mat Aiur PN arassu ippalisma King RN
in writing and on reliefs (with Sataru, eseru):
looked with pleasure upon his servant at the
li-ta-at qurdija irnintu tamhdrija suknuS
time of the (achievement of) victory over As-
ndkire ... ina narija u temennija altur
syria BBSt. No. 8 i 5, cf. ina li-ti ... ana GN
I inscribed on my stela and my foundation
itira he returned to Babylon from (his) victory
document my heroic victories, my triumph
ibid. No. 6 i 44; Sa eli kibrat erbetta iltakkanu
in battle, the subjugation of the enemy
MU.MES-su ina li-i-ti (the king) who makes
AKA 104 viii 39 (Tigl. I), cf. li-ta-at Sarritija
his name famous all over the entire world
ina qerbisu altur AfO 6 84 iii 13, restored from
through (his) triumph Weidner Tn. 26 No.
ibid. 87 iv 4 (Assur-bel-kala), li-ta-[at qur]dija
16:14; exceptional: li-it matika nakru
epSet qdteja ina qerbisu altur Unger Reliefstele
itabbal the enemy will take away the power
21; tanitti ASSur ... u li-ti kisitija ina
of your country Leichty Izbu XIV 10, of. ibid.
qerbiSu altur I wrote on it the praise of Assur, 11.
the record of my powerful victory 3R 7 i 27,
also ibid. 8 ii 44, 55, 63 (Shalm. III), cf. li-ti
b) of or granted by a deity - 1' in gen.:
kisditija ina libbi altur AKA 228 r. 3, and passim
I fought with them ina li-i-ti u dandni §a
in Asn., with li-ta-at kiSiiti AKA 328 ii 91,
As ur belija Rost Tigl. III p. 12:63; lazam
also li(var. adds -i)-ti u dandni ina libbi altur
muru li-it Assur da'dna let me praise the
AKA 353 iii 25 (all Asn.); li-ta-at AsSur belija
might of Assur, the strength LKA 62 r. 7, see
ina mub4ii aAtur Rost Tigl. III p. 28:160;
Ebeling, Or. NS 18 35; ina emuqg sgzrate §a DN
kasad alani N1io. kakkeja ... ina qerebsu
ina li-i-te dananu sa DN 2 TCL 3 415, and pas-
eirma (see eeru A mng. lb-l') Winckler Sar.
sim in Sar.; the rest a ... li-i-ti ASSur belija
pl. 48:18, musard abnima li-i-tu u dandnu .. .
ana daldlu umaSeruJunti whom I released
uSaSair [qerebSu] OIP 2 154:11 and dupls.; li-i-
in order for them to praise the victorious
tu kiditti qdteja seruSSu uSadsirma ... ulziz
might of my lord A~iur ibid. 146; note
Borger Esarh. 99 r. 52, cf. li-i-tu kiSitti qidteu
li-ta-at ASSur Nabd u Marduk a eli aldni ...
Streck Asb. 216 No. 14:7; note also li-ti kiditt[i
astakkanu ... RN iSmema Lie Sar. 54:8, also
qdteu] lilturma ana nari annt CT 34 41 iv 24
(the enemy king) [heard] Sakan N1G.E kiSitti
(Synchron. Hist.); besides the many other ex-
qdti Aa Asur Mardukc uatlimuni Lie Sar. 453,
peditions against the enemy §a ana li-ta-
cf. salam ... epuSma li-i-ti DN ... elisu aStur
te-ia la qerba which are not pertinent to the
Lie Sar. 108; ina li-i-ti u danni §a ildni with
(particular) triumphs of mine (I have enu-
might and strength (granted by) the gods
merated in this inscription) AKA 83 vi 50
(I moved unopposed through all of Elam)
(Tigl. I).
Streck Asb. 46 v 39, cf. ina li-it Itar Bab. 12
3' other occs.: may the protective spirits pl. 9 K.3651 r. 12 (Etana); Sa ... iSarraku
make you grow old in the palace ina li-it-tim dananu u li-i-ti she (Istar) who grants
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litu litu B
might and strength (to the king) Borger Esarh. litu A s.; hostage, pledge; Mari, OB
73 § 47:5, also JCS 17 129:2, cf. liSrukus da Alalakh, MB, SB, Akkadogram in Bogh.;
ndnu u li-i-ti(var. -tu) Streck Asb. 90 x 115, cf. laIu A.
cf. li-it kiSSati uruk[u] Tn.-Epic "v" 23;
li-i-tu dandnu ana Sar Sarrdni belija lu a) in Mari, OB Alalakh: aggum kiamma
tasru[k] ABL 1060:7 (NA); (Lugalbanda) li-tu kilalln ippattariinim therefore both
hostages will be released ARM 1 36:30, cf.
sdrik li-ti Or. NS 36 126:154.
l[i-ti kilallin] apattaram ibid. 21, li-ti
ibid. 13; istu li-ti anntim la tanaddinam ...
9[a ... ]
2' in personal names: dSul-gi-li-ti HSS 4
47 r. 6 (OAkk.); Bel-li-tim-Marduk JCS 17 nittallak since you do not give us these
86:11 (OB), cf. Ber-EN-li-it-te (var. -li-i-te) hostages, we will leave ARM 4 22:20; kima
KAJ 217:12, var. from AfO 13 pl. 5 r. 1, see AfO kaspim PN ana bit ekallim ana li-it-ti waib
13 113, note, wr. -la-i-te KAJ 314:11 (all MA); in lieu of the silver, PN will stay as pledge for
dSamas-li-tum Grant Bus. Doc. 70:25 (OB); the palace Wiseman Alalakh 23:5.
damas-li-is-su BE 15 64:9, and passim in MB;
Nabd-lit-su Nbn. 367:12, and passim in NB; b) in Bogh.: LU LI-DU-TUM (Akkadogram
Id-kun-li-su BE 14 46a:3, wr. OAR-un-lit-su in Hitt.) see Sommer Ahhijava 204 left edge 4,
(unpub., both MB); dpA-GAR-NIG.] ADD App. abbr. LU Li ibid. 5 and lower edge 4, see p. 231
No. 1 iv 11, abbr. ,a-kin-li-ti CBS 4560, cited and 233.
Clay PN 128b; Li-ti-ASSur-dmur KAV 26 r. 18
(NA). c) in Ass. royal inscrs.: ultu qereb matidu
balu li-i-ti hitmuti usmma without (de-
c) in a legal case: DN a ina li-tim uzizu manding) hostages, he hastily left the safety
kunuti [li]Snima qaqqadkunu likab[bit] may of his land TCL 3 34 (Sar.); li(var. adds -i)-
DN, who has let you win (before), make you ti.MES bilta u maddatta eligunu ukin (var.
honored for a second time TLB 4 47:6 (OB let.); aSkun) I imposed on them (the obligation to
be-el li-ti-ia (in broken context) VAS 16 furnish) hostages, (to pay) tribute and tax
188:22 (OB let.); ka-sad li-i-ti Dream-book 318 AKA 46 ii 83, 76 v 80 (Tigl. I); mragu ana li-i-
y+8; bel amatija sa elija emiqa ra l ... ti imhursu he received his son from him as a
li-ta elija GAR.GAR-an KAR 178 r. vi 21 and 171 hostage Lie Sar. 102; li-i-ti-4-nu usabbit I
r. 1. took hostages from them Lie Sar. 329; li-ti-
For BBSt. No. 8 iv 28 see beltu mng. la-4'. gu-nu asbat AfO 18 343:13, AKA 72 v 38, 83 vi
For OA and OB refs., see letu mng. 2. 47 (all Tigl. I), Weidner Tn. 4 No. 1 iv 22, also AKA
363 iii 56, 367 iii 69, 378 iii 104 (all Asn.), Lie Sar.
litu see letu and littu A. p. 49 n. 5:7, wr. li-i-ti AKA 83 vi 47, li-i-ti.
ME-gu AKA 81 vi 33, 83 vi 47 var. (Tigl. I), wr.
littu s.; the cuneiform sign AB(?); SB.*
li-ti.ME KAH 2 84:32 (Adn. II), Layard pl.
[... ] ap-pa dr-hu li-it-tu dr-hu lit-tu ma§- 94:134 (Shalm. III); li-ti-e-sa asbat AKA 370
l[u]m (parallel: ga-na A.SA mal-lum, inter- iii 77; .dbit li-i-ti Aakin lite who takes
pretation of the GAN-tend sign) CT 46 54+ hostages and establishes (his) victory AKA
CT 25 50:2 (astrol.). 179:13, 192 ii 4, 214:5, 260 i 17, 381 iii 117, Iraq
Since the explanation refers to the first 14 32:9 (all Asn.).
appearance of the moon, arJu most likely
means "month, new moon" and not "cow," ltu B (littu) s.; sketch, drawing; NA.
so littu should not be taken as a form of littu
"cow." The broken beginning of the line may sarru beli li-it-tu tesir usumittu izzaqap
have contained the clue to this obscure pas- the king, my lord, drew a sketch, (and)
sage. erected the stela ABL 358 r. 25, see Parpola
LAS No. 122, cf. [...] li-ti Sa URU birti [ina]
litu see litu B ON Etesir ABL 685 r. 15; ana mu}bi li-i-fu
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lititu lu
Ja erdi concerning the 1. of the bed ABL lu-i alpu lu-i immeru CT 4 8a:33f. (OB), and
497:6 (NA), see Landsberger Brief p. 69. passim, also h ul.gal h6.me.en a.la hul.gal
hb.me.en : lu-u lemnu atta lu-u ali lemnu atta
See also liddu. CT 16 27:lff., aS.a.ni h6.me.a : lu-u arratabisu
liItu s.; condition of being a hostage; Surpu V-VI 42f., and passim; am bi.in.hul am
bi.in.sig5s m nu.un.zu : lu-u uqallil lu-u
SB, NA; cf. Idtu A. udammiq mimma ul idi 4R 10 r. 33f.
RA = lu-t STC 2 pi. 52 ii 7 and 23 (comm. to
mare ... ana li-tu(var. adds -ut)-te asbat En. el. VII 127 and 129); DA = lu-ti ibid. pl. 56 i 8
I took (his) sons as hostages AKA 43 ii 48, and 19 (comm. to En. el. VII 10 and 13), §A = lu-u
70 v 18 (Tigl. I), cf. maresunu ki li-tu-te asbat ibid. i 15 (comm. to En. el. VII 12).
AKA 298 ii 11 (Asn.), also [ana (or kt) li-tu]- hb6.m = lu-t NBGT IV 29; ga, hu, ha, 6e,
ut-te apbat AfO 6 84 ii 4 (ABur-bel-kala); k sa, si = lu-i NBGT I 405-10; ga, iu, h a, hB
lu-4 AN.TA NBGT II 42ff.; i, a, i, e = lu-t NBGT
li-tu-te issen ina libbigunu baltu ul ezib not I 209ff.; ii, a, e = lu ma-a u ma-ri-tum, li ma-a u
one of them did I leave alive to serve as ma-ri-tum ibid. 411f., cf. NBGT IX 48ff., 121.
hostage AKA 291 i 108 (Asn.).
1. be it (precative, concessive, and, with
liu see 14 A and B. negative, prohibitive particle) - a) precative
particle - 1' before nouns: a-na-ku-4 lu
liwa see lumd.
GEM1 unpub. OAkk., see MAD 3 155; for OA
liwitu see limitu. see Hecker Grammatik § 107e; tabli suf ram
lu-t mdruki take the boy, let him be your
lu indecl.; 1. be it (precative, concessive, VAS 7 10:11 (OB);
son DN ... lu-u rabis
and, with negative, prohibitive particle), lemuttisu may Sin be the one who brings evil
2. indeed (asseverative particle), 3. or; upon him AOB 1 26 vi 20 (8amsi-Adad I); akpud
from OAkk. on. lu (var. lu-u) nemelu itu lu (var. lu-u) dumqu
he-e Hp = lu-fil S a Voc. AF 5', also S b II 363; (in what) I planned, let there be profit, (in
he-e Hj = lu-u, li-i A VIII/1:5f., cf. he = lu-d, what) I found, let there be favor AfO 23
li-[il Genouillac Kich 2 C 38:5f.; [he-e] [g] =
[lu-u], li-i A V/2:14f.; ga = lu-t Izi V 91D; 46:2 (MB seal), vars. from ibid. 47 No. 4, cf.
gi-e GA = flul(!)- Recip. Ea A ii 16'; [gi-e, ha-a, mimmu epuSu lu kudiru Maqlu VII 21, and pas-
hi-e] G[A] = lu-u-um Ea IV 25ff.; ha-a IA = lu-u sim in SB lit.; DN lu bel dinisu ADD 711 r. 3;
ibid. 109; ta = [ga] = [l]u-u, [da] = [ga]= MIN .ipirtd lu mukinnu YOS 3 63:28, and passim in
Emesal Voc. III 164f.; sa-a §A = lu-u Sb II 60,
NB letters; lu-t madria si AnOr 8 14:5 (NB),
also Recip. Ea A iv 14; i t = lu-i, li-i Diri II 120f.
kh he .a ... e hb.a : lu kaspu ... lu se-am cf. VAS 6 3:6; baldt mi riiquti lu iriktumma
Ai. VI ii 53f.; nig.gA.sag.il.la.bi he.a : lu-u VAB 4 148 No. 18:16, and passim in Nbk., also 5R
dinanuu let it be a substitute for him CT 17 66 i 30 (Antiochus I); lu resi tukultija Mars
15:25f., and passim; sag.ga.na h.en.gub.ba : duk attama VAB 4 84 ii 24 (Nbk.); lu-u Sarru
ina reSiSu lu-u kajdn CT 16 45: 149f., [sag] .ga.na
he.en.su8 .su.ge.es : ina resiu lu-u kajan zaninu ... andku VAB 4 218 ii 37 (Ner.), cf. ibid.
ibid. 48:256f., and passim; zi.an.na be.pa : n4s 270 ii 50 (Nbn.), 176 x B 33, and passim in Nbk.;
same lu-u tamdti ASKT p. 83:7, and passim; sag. lu-4 uqni kisddija may they be the lapis
tuk.zu he.na.nam : lu-u rabiska .u RA 12 lazuli (jewels) around my neck Lambert-
75:49f., cf. RA 11 145:22, 32, etc.; ha.ba.ra.
Millard Atra-hasis 100 III vi 3, also Gilg. XI 164;
du.un : lu-u tattallak CT 16 31:114f., 39:33f.,
cf. sag.bi ha.ba.an.gub.ba : ina raeisu lu-d ildni ... lu-4 Sibictu KBo 11 r. 39; for lu Sulmu
kajan ibid. 46:170f.; dEn.lil hb.a = dEn-[lil] in greeting formulas from MB on, see
lu-u (I swear) by Enlil OBGT Ia i 10. E. Salonen Grussformeln p. 59ff.
sag.bi ... he.ni.ib.il : reigu ... lu-u ul-li
5R 62 No. 2:58f. (Samas- um-ukin), cf. hu.mu. 2' in other non-verbal constructions: lu
un.sa 4 .a.bi.b(.am : lu-u imbdinnima ibid. 42f., unitumma KTS 15:26 (OA); tukultani lu at-
and passim in this text as asseverative particle. ta OIP 2 91 r. 4 (Senn.); ipMi tepudi lu-4 a
lh.bi ld.gal bi.a in bi.a i.in.si ihi.a ra.
atttiki may the acts of sorcery you performed
bu.um hi.a : awilum Sz2lu ,farrum lu enum lu
isliakkum ilu rabum Sumer 11 ll0ff. pi. 16:18f., become your own (i.e., be effective against
cf. hI l~6.a gu h 6.a udu j6.a : lu-d awilWtum you) Maqlu V 6, of. ibid. 7f.; fiannrte lu ina
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lu lu
panika ABL 121:8 (NA); lu Sumqut nakirijau b) used in concessive mng.: atti lu babsat
sa-pa-nim mat ajdbija ... qibi sattakka VAB 4 even if you are angry VAS 10 214 vi 42 (OB
78 iii 48 (Nbk.); mind A.RA m lullikma lu-[4] n Aguiaja), and passim; kussd u lu ihasir Jep
what should I multiply by m to get n? imeridu lu illapit ... liqbi whether his saddle
Neugebauer ACT 811a:34, of. ibid. 36, 800 r. 2; was broken or whether the leg of his donkey
ine Sa Sarrilu-i ana muhhija ABL 498 r. 11 was wounded, let him report it Bagh. Mitt. 2
(NB), see Landsberger Brief n. 126; for A lu 58 iii 14f. (OB let.); lu-t tattadna even if you
kiam see kiam mng. la-4'b'. have delivered (the barley) LIH 49:8; lu-u
ma'du arnia even if my sins are many
3' before statives: Sigurum lu dannit
KAR 45:25, cf. Gilg. VI 162f., and passim in lit.;
Sumu the name of the lock is "Be strong!"
ina ... al bit abika ... lu epusu lemuttaka lu
Belleten 14 176:18 (Iriium); adi allakanni lu
idsi had they performed (the ritual) in the
za-ku-a-ti-ma TCL 14 40:25; lu Sassurati
city of your father's family, it would have
BIN 6 20:16; tamkarkunu lu kin BIN 4 25:16, removed the evil from you ABL 46:12, see
and passim in OA; paddndt imitti lu puttd
Parpola LAS No. 298, of. ABL 57 r. 18, see Parpola
let the right paths be open RA 38 86 r. 9
LAS No. 211; note lu a i tu sehierenuma
(OB ext. prayer), resi iii lu i-Su may (the
istenis nirbi ... matima ... umi ul tahsusi
part of the exta) have a (formation) "divine
YOS 2 15:7 (OB let.); for lu-maku see von Schu-
help" ibid. 85:14, and passim; for personal
ler, ZA 53 189.
names see Stamm Namengebung p. 159 and 311.
c) (with la) prohibitive (replacing the
4' with finite verbal forms - a' before vetitive, mostly MA, NA, and peripheral
pret. (replacing the Babyl. i particle before dialects): ana bit sahuri ... lu la usdk[unu]
the consonantal actor prefixes n and t in KAV 96:13 (MA let.), cf. KAV 168:15; lu la
OAkk., Ass., Bogh. and EA): Istar ... lu talqut uhharuni let them not tarry EA 16:42 (let. of
RA 34172:10 (OAkk., Mari); lu niSmema lu nepuS A5ur-uballit I); urqit seri lu la E-a Sama lu
BIN 4 106:17f. (OA), and passim; Istar ... kak la immar AfO 8 25 iv 20 (ASur-nirari V treaty);
keIu lu tu-Sa-bir kussJSu lu te-kim-su AKA 72 ina eqldti lu-u la uma'ar HSS 13 402:19, cf.
r. 20f. (Asn.); Istar ... tiib libbi ... ana sarri HSS 9 1:15 and 18 (Nuzi); zera lu- la nisu
belija lu taddin sibitu ... lu tusabbi ime KBo 1 3 r. 34, cf. lu-u la-a unakkardu ibid. obv.
arkiti ... lu taqis ABL 378:7, 9f., see Parpola 29, and passim in Bogh.; libbi lu la-a u[gems
LAS No. 195, cf. Ninlil ... lu-u taqil[] ... ris] EA 28:41 (let. of Tusratta), and passim in
lu-u tadd[in] ABL 677 r. 3 and 8, see Parpola EA; sumu ultu erseti lu-u la-a elli RA 27
LAS No. 21; elippu ... lu-u tallik ... niburu 88:7 (MB Sefire), cf. issu qdt garri belijalu-u la
lu tuppis the boat should go and make the elli ABL 1133 r. 10; lu-u la iittu ABL 337 r.
crossing ABL 89 r. 3 and 5, cf. ABL 1126:7 and 17, see Parpola LAS No. 278, darru lu la ubals
12, see Parpola LAS No. 187; in Bogh.: lu-i4 latanni ABL 525:14, see Parpola LAS No. 264,
nikul KBo 1 3 r. 40, and passim, note before and passim; the evil lu la itehhd ... [lu l]a
apparent vocalic prefix lu-4 addin EA 158:19, iqarriba BMS 21:22, of. lu la ussa Lambert
lu-i i-din ibid. 13. BWL 192:4 (SB fable, from Assur).
b' before second person present: lu tat: 2. indeed (asseverative particle) - a) in
tallaki go away! Or. NS 23 338:21 (OB inc.), nominal clauses: bitum lu-u biti PN the house
cf. lu tattallaklu tereqlu tene[ssi] ZA 23 374: 86f., is indeed PN's house Grant Bus. Doe. 29:14,
also lu tahassas Gilg. Y. vi 43, see von Soden of. lu-4 DUMU PN andku Jean Tell Sifr 58:10,
GAG Supp. § 81e; sibit tmim lu tid VAS 16 cf. also ibid. 27; this garment §a qdti PN lu-c
118:14 (OB let.), and passim, see iM, see also da DN ham.at TCL 11 245:10 (all OB.)
idi mngs. la and lb; for use as verbal
prefix in the bound forms lu-, li-, and 1- see b) in other non-verbal constructions:
under the verbs. I swear by Nabfi kt lu mdda la maradku that
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lu lu
I am indeed very sick YOS 3 46:34 (NB let.), and letters, e.g., lu-u amhassi Gilg. XI 63,
a libbi
for other refs. see mida; sabe lu-i ina Sattuannitu lu-u tetiqi ABL 91 r. 8 (NA), ina
iltapra ABL 1286:19; 100 horses lu-i ittija pani Satammi lu-u taqb4 TCL 9 81:9 (NB);
ABL 1386 r. 8 (both NB); lu DN Ic (I swear) note before present tense: Jrtam lu-4 ims
by DN that GCCI 2 397:9 (NB let.); u bell lu miduniati (if we go to court again) they will
3 umi ki arkija iballutu Lambert BWL 148:86 indeed punish us BE 6/2 30:22 (OB leg.); lu
(Dialogue); note after umma: [umm]a lu aqabblkim I am indeed telling you (the truth)
gunuma MDP 23 327:5, umma lu PN-ma JCS 15 9 iv 7 (OB lit.).
ibid. 8; umma lu-u andkuma AnSt 5 102:79 and
3. or - a) lu alone: one fabric sa 15
89 (Cuthean Legend), also EA 19:30 (let. of Tus-
umma lu-i LUGAL-ma-mi idim lu 20 idim (see idu A mng. 4) COT 4
ratta), of. ibid. 18,
44b:19 (OA), and passim; UD.1.KAM lu UD.2.
HSS 9 5:7, 6:4, umma lu PN AASOR 16 70:6;
KAM ARM 3 64:12; x silver rSki uukll lu
umma RN umma lu-u DUMU.MES Hurri
Se'am ... reski ukdl OECT 3 64:20 (OB let.);
KBo 1 3 r. 36; umma lu-u andkuma VAB 4
umma lu arrukunu[ma]
if a woman lives in her father's house lu-u
280 vii 45 (Nbn.);
mussa bita ana batte uSsibsi or her husband
ABL 1013 r. 7 (NA).
had her live in a house apart KAV 1 iv 83
c) before statives: the house ina kaspi (Ass. Code § 36), cf.summa pi'ittu lu-u gumdru
PN-ma lu-i ~dm was indeed bought with ... ittuqut if glowing coal or ember falls
PN's silver Grant Bus. Doc. 29:16; x silver (from the brazier) MVAG 41/3 62 ii 9 (MA rit.);
lu-u hubbuldnu JRAS 1926 437 r. 3; anaku for OA see Hecker Grammatik § 104e; Sa
ana kdsim lu takldku u qaqqadiina birkikama ... itabbalu usatbalu lu-u ana pihati utarru
lu um-mu-ud Bagh. Mitt. 2 59 iv 13f., cf. ibid. 58 CT 36 7:25 (Kurigalzu I), of. Borger Esarh. 75:40,
iii 35, etc. (all OB); ina GN lu beddk I spent and passim; ina umu mukinnu lu-4 bdtiq
the night in GN KAH 2 84:105 (Adn. II); uktinnusSunitu AnOr 8 61:17 (NB), and passim;
abua lu meti ABL 186:23 (NA); lubari lu ina Sarrani sa mat Hatti lu-u sa mat Kaldi
tadnasunitu TCL 9 105:8 (NB); for OA see ABL 629:24 (NB), cf. mar Babili lu-u mar
Hecker Grammatik § 132a. Barsip ABL 315:13 (NA); nesum ... pagram
inaddi lu-u nakrum pagram inaddi YOS 10
d) before finite verbs: ummdantum ...
21:6 (OB ext.); bitu si innaddi lu innaqqar
dinisu u galaSiuanatilliit bitim annim lu isnis
KAR 386:55 (SB Alu), and passim in omens; qdt
qanim the troops have already come two or
Sin lu qdt Itar Labat TDP 120:31; summa
three times to the aid of this (royal) house
sinniStu 2 lu-u 3 sIG4 ulid Leichty Izbu I 34,
Bagh. Mitt. 2 58 iii 31, cf. ibid. 34 and 37; lu as
and passim.
purakkum CT 29 6a:7, and rarely in OB letters;
for OA see Hecker Grammatik § 132a; mdtam b) lu ... lu (... lu): lu ina sa tamkdrim lu
nakirtam lu 4-ka-ni-is I subjugated the ina §a jdti RA 59 44 MAH 16293:13 (OA), and
enemy country RA 8 65 ii 13 (Asduni-erim), and passim; awilum si luI LUGAL lU PA.TE.SI RA 33
passim in hist. referring to the king's conquests 50 iii 8 (Jahdunlim), cf. RA 11 92 ii 17, CH xlii 40,
and building activities, lu-u isrukam VAB 4 216 and passim in OB royal; lu kaspam lu hurasam
i 30 (Ner.), and passim, also Igtdr ... lu-4 lu wardam lu amtam lu alpam lu immeram lu
tamgurannima DN was gracious to me imeram u lu mimma sumu CH § 7:42ff., and
AKA 267 i 38 (Asn.); in royal inscrs. from passim in CH, also KAV 1 iv 47 (Ass. Code § 31),
Assyria from Shalm. I to Asn. (with the cf. TLB 4 11: 10, lu-4 a ITI. 1.KAM lu-4ca ITI.2.
seeming exception in OB due to the erroneous KAM UCP 9 365 No. 30:30 (OB letters), and pas-
spelling lu-wa-er-ra-an-ni JNES 7 268:27, sim; lu-u anku allakam lu-ui 2 etlitim ...
Hammurapi) often fused with the prefix u-, atarradam Sumer 14 62 No. 36:16f. (Harmal let.);
e.g., lu-qe-li AOB 1 118 iii 7 (Shalm. I), note umdma lu sa tdbali lu da ndri EA 10:33 (MB);
lit-tar-ru-ni AKA 47 ii 96 (Tigl. I), but lu it- Sa ... lu-4 ana ndri inand4 lu-4 ana buri
tar-ru-ni Weidner Tn. 28 No. 16:85; rare in lit. inassuku lu-4 ina abni ubbatu BBSt. No.
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lu If A
9 v iff., cf. lu-u Sa sekeri lu- Sa pet6 MDP 2 PN, Bagh. Mitt. 2 57 ii 30f., of. MDP '2 pl. 21 ii
pl. 21 ii 30f. (MB kudurru), and passim in kudurrus; 48ff., KAV 98:14ff., KAJ 179:6ff., lu Seu i lu-u
one fine horse lu-u atcnu lu-t u either a tuhna Tu 384:10f. (Nuzi), cf. KUB 3 16 r. 15,
mare or a stallion HSS 9 42: 9f. (Nuzi); lu PN lu-u ... lu-u ... u lu-u TCL 9 141:28f. (NB);
lu-u mdrusu lu-u marmaruSu ADD 613:9ff., note followed by the irrealis particle -man:
and passim in MA, NA, cf. lu 5 lu-u 6 ina ammeti lu-4-ma-an taduk u 4(?) lu-4-ma-an tupalliiJu
liriku ABL 566:13 (NA); lu-u mdu lu-- mini had you only killed him or (at least) frightened
more or less YOS 3 26:8 (NB); lu-4 u'ilti lu-4 him KBo 1 11r.(1) 12f. (Ursu story), see ZA 44 120.
gabari u'ilti lu-4 gitt lu-4 atdri lu-u mimma
ra~itugabbi VAS 6 186: ff. (NB); if the mark 3' u lu ... u lu: u lu ana miSldniu lu ana
on the liver lu-i imitta lu-u umela ittul saleu either for one-half or for one-third
TCL 6 6 i 11 (SB ext.); lu-u nasha lu-u bera (share) CH § 46:49f., f. § 125:70f., cf. also
PRT 4:15, and passim; if a horse lu imhba lu u lu-u bit... irubu literrusums lu-U bitam .. .
iSuk kicks or bites (a man) CT 40 34 r. 17; idiSSumma CT 29 7a: 17 and 19, i lu ana GN
if the king lu bit iii ipu2 lu aSirti mati uddid 4 lu ana GN, ul ittalak TIM 2 19:29f. (both
lu qglta ana iii iddin lu akitu i kun Labat OB letters); note u lu-i ... u lu-i ... s lu
Calendrier § 32: 1; lu ina me lu ina likari ARM 1 2:12ff.
Kiichler Beitr. pl. 17 ii 73, and passim in med.
1li A (liu) s.; 1. bull, 2. lion; OB, SB.
c) u lu (usually wr. i lu) - 1' u lu alone: gu-u GUD = lu-u Idu II 214; gud = lu-u Hh.
[an]a nikkassia [id]-ral-Su-nu4 lu agar tadad XIII 284; gud = lu-u = [...] Hg. A II 243, in
MSL 8/1 54.
nim dinaunu deposit them to my account or
pi-rig PIRIG = lu-[u] Idu II 221; pirig = lu-ui
sell them wherever possible ICK 1 63:20 (OA); Hh. XIV 123, cf. [pirig] = [lu-u] = [ne-Su] Hg. A
if the man steals zeram &lu ukulldm seed or II 254, in MSL 8/2 44; gis.pirig = lu-u Hh. VII
fodder CH § 253:78, and passim in CH; panit B 161, restored from gii.pirig = lu-u - n6-e-u
eqlisu s lu-i bitiSu TCL 17 10:35 (OB let.); ina Hg. I 224, Hg. II 186, in MSL 6 143.
mul.gud.an.na = si le-e Hh. XXII S. 10:3';
nisut awilim i lu ina astapir awilim mamman mul.gud.an.na = UZU.ME.Z le-e = la-he-e al-pi
imdt (see astapiruusage b-4') RA 44 33:2 and Hg. B VI 43.
8 (OB ext.); ammat 4 l[u] 3 ina ammatim ur.sag(var. adds .e) gu,.ginx(GIM) zag.
ARM 3 75:24; ina ahhe ... .a GN u lu-U ga(var. .mu) a bi.ib.us : qarrddu kima le-e ahi
lu um-mi-id-su I have pushed(?) against the
mamma anmma BBSt. No. 9 i 30; ugar GN
warrior as (against) a bull Lugale I 32; na 4 .
u lu-u ugar GN, KAJ 151:4, and passim in MA; ka(var. .ga).iur.ra gu 4 .ginx f.na ma.an.su,.
,umma kaldte 5 u lu 6 if there are five or six ge.en.z[6].n[a.ginx] : NA4 kalurru kima le-e
kidneys KAR 152 r. 30 (SB ext.), also, wr. kadrid ki ta-[az-zi-za] - kacturru-stone, since you
i lu TCL 6 5 r. 51; sarru lu rubi CT 40 (pl.) stood up against me pugnaciously, like a wild
bull Lugale X 23; dNin.hur.sag.ga.kex(KID)
35:17, but wr. 4 lu ibid. 1, cf. Gt Sum~liu u
gu 4 .ginx a.bi ib.ila : dBe-let-DINGIR.ME ki-ma
lu A umelisu ibid. 11, but in umeliu i4 lu le-e qar-ni ud-d-d§-u-su DN had him wear horns
let umelisu ibid. 8; between clauses: elip: like a bull K.5003:2, cited Bezold Cat. p. 682;
pam uttebbi u lu uhtalliq CH § 236:34, cf. Goetze gu 4 sudun ma.al.la.bi : lu-ui a ina niri sandu
a wild bull which is yoked Bollenriicher Nergal
LE § 29:40, also KAV 2 ii 24 (Ass. Code B § 3);
p. 43 No. 7:12f. (= ASKT p. 124).
ana me uSaddi 4 lu-u ina eperi uSatmaru lu-u, Su-u-ru = al-pu An VIII 51f.; labbu, imu,
BBSt. No. 3 v 46 (MB), cf. AOB 1 64:37 (Adn. I); lu-u = nd-u Malku V 56ff.; PIRIG zuqaqipu PIRIG
Adad irahhbisi lu biblum ubbal CT 39 5:52 (SB lu-u STC 2 pl. 71 r. iii 15 (comm.).
Alu), cf. KAR 153 r.(1) 3, and passim dividing alter-
nate apodoses of omens, note, wr. u lu CT 30
1. bull - a) as sacrifice: mahriSun uSebbi
42:21, 24, CT 38 28:17, etc.; for refs. wr. lu
see ulu.
u li-i u jal namr'i (Ammiditana) lavishes on
them (as offering) fattened bulls and rams
RA 22173:44 (OB lit.); upalliqle-e mare u{tabbi.
2' lu ... u lu: lu alpam 3 lu imdram ap-DI I slaughtered fat bulls, and butchered
CH § 224:20, and passim; lu ~i lu-t PN i lu-it fattened sheep(?) Lambert BWL 60:94 (Ludlul
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*l1f B lubaru
IV), cf. upallig le-e mare utebbih asli (see u6.bala = lI-bala-kum OB Lu A 404, also, wr.
aslu) Borger Esarh. 5 vi 38, of. upalliqu le-e ld-bal-a-ku OB Lu C5 34.
marti ibid. 89 r. 20, asli tubbuhu le-e pulluqu lubanu see luprnu.
Streck Asb. 264:8, also li-i pulluqu asluh tubs
buhu KAR 360:14, see Borger Esarh. 92. lubar indi see umdu.
b) other occs.: mdtum kima li-i iSabbu lubartu s.; clothing, garment; OB; pl.
the land was bellowing like a bull Lambert- lubardtu; cf. lubdru.
Millard Atra-hasis 66 I 354, 72 II i 3, 94 III iii 15; aSgum lu-ba-ar-tim.a ina GI.PISAN.KASKAL.
[k]ima le-e ,a ina naplaqu palqu irammum LA Saknat concerning the garment which is
§i-i[g-mif] he bellows loud like a bull slaugh- placed in the travel basket RA 12 194:22;
tered with the butchering knife ZA 61 52:57 I am going about naked lu-ba-ar-tam istdt
(SB lit.); unarrat e-li-im (=- el(i) lIm) she gi2bilanim send me at least one piece of
brings about trembling more than a wild bull clothing YOS 2 106:18; 2 TUG lu-ba-ra-tum
VAS 10 214 iv 14 (OB Agusaja); rabsam li-a- ge-eh-tum 1 T1G.BAR.SI (apart from four
am ajakkam libni let him create a recumbent shekels of silver given to a bride, referred to
bull, the temple tower JRAS Cent. Supp. pl. 9 as KU.BABBAR TUG.iI.A U TUG.BAR.SI in
vi 24 (OB lit.); uncert.: riksu Es le-e B§ i- line 10) CT 48 22:2.
da-ti the harness, the rope(?) of the bull,
the .... Lambert BWL 158:19. lubaru s.; 1. clothing, 2. (a specific piece
of female apparel, NB only), 3. piece of
2. lion: see the lex. refs. with Sum. corre- cloth, rag; from OB on; pl. lubaru (wr. Tia.
spondence pirig, also Malku V, in lex. sec- HI.A.MES Kocher BAM 29:27, Maqlu VI 64);
tion. wr. syll. and T G.HII.A; cf. lubdrtu, lubdru in
For the constellation is le, see s.v. See also bit lubari, lubaru.
al B. [tug.za]b.zab.[g]a = su-u = lu-b[a-ru], [tug.
For Sn. 47 (= OIP 2 47 vi) 26, and dupl. AfO ma]h = S-hu = MIN, [tug.x.gi]d.[da] = [t]u-zu
= MIN, [Ku.mah] = [ga]da-ma-hu = MIN Hg. E
Su-u
20 94:96, see ald A usage a and discussion. For
YOS 2 64:9, see le' adj. usage d; for LFBD 64ff. in MSL 10 142; [tug].gu.za = il-lu-ku =
(= Fish Letters) 3:15, see *li B. lu-bar (var. lu-ba-ru) sa-a-mu, [tiig.h] us.a =
= MIN, [tug.h]us.a = ru-u-ju-u = MIN (= lubar)
*lfi B (liu) s.; (a dish or platter, or the eb-bi, [tug.a.g]i.a = si-pu = MIN (= lubar) bu-di
Hg. B V 10ff., vars. from Hg. C II r. 4f., Hg. D 414,
food it contains); OB.* in MSL 10 138ff.; [tig.x.x] = [x]-x-§u-u = lu-bar
S4 ul nakaram istenis li-a-am nikul this ar-[qu] Hg.C II 12; [tug.a.d]i.a = si-pu = lu-bar
man is not an enemy to me, we have eaten um-di (var. [lu-ba]-ri in-di), [tfig.a.di.a] = si-ni-
tum = MIN Hg. B V 15f., var. from Hg. D 420f.;
1. together Fish Letters 3:15.
[tug.A.su] = [sap]-§u = Sal-hu 4dlu-bar [GADA]
For a parallel phrase cf. kdram Zkulu kdsam Hg. B V 17, also Hg. D 422, and Hg. C II 19;
i4td, see kdru B. [tig. x] = §u-lum = lu-bar i-tin-ni Hg. D 424,
also Hg. C II r. 14; nig.BAD = lu-ba-ru-um (after
fik see karan aini and le'u. hulapu) Nigga Bil. B 16.
lub-Au, e-ri-rum, Ku-mah-um = lu-ba-ru An VII
luadu see lddu. 159ff.; TUG.I.A = lu-bu-um ibid. 276; qu-um-
ma-rum = MIN (= lu-ba-ru) za-ku-u, mu-ur-hu =
luimu see *ldmu. MIN EDIN, huS-u-u = MIN sa-a-mu, a-da-mu =
lu'attu s.; MIN MIN (lubaru replaced in the parallel Malku
rotten straw or grain; lex.*;
VI 65ff. by lubaSu, q.v.) ibid. 162ff., dIr-ra-pa-
cf. la'dsu. lil = lu-bar Ni-lu-ti (var. su-bat NI-ma-ti ibid. 166;
bE.NE = lu-al-tum Diri V 208; KU.in.
se-za-ah lu-ba-ar §tJ (= kale) : ku-zi-pu-u Uruanna III 544;
nu.ri, in.nu.ri = il-tum, in.nu.ri.ri = lu-d.-tum [lu-bar] um-di = d4- i T0jG hub-[Su]-[il CT 41
Hh. XXIV 229ff. 33:14 (Alu Comm., unidentified tablet).
lubalakku s.; (mng. uncert.); OB lex.*; 1. clothing - a) in OB: lu(!)-ba-ar-ki .a

Sum. Iw. lahSdt ditbilimma send me the clothing you
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lubaru lubiru
are wearing VAS 16 22:15; send me food so 108:4; 1 TUG.HI.A qatnu AfO 19 pl. 6:7f., also
that I will not die of hunger u lu-ba-r[a] (with sa'upu, see suppu adj.) ibid. 9, of. ibid.
iibilamma CT 2 19:18 (= AbB 2 83), cf. lu-ba- 6 and 11; 1 TIG.I.A.ME§ kabburute a birme
ra-am attalbasi TLB 4 79:7f., cited labadu sebila AfO 18 368:11; T15G.HI.A.ME§ (in
mng. le; for writings TUG.Hr.A see discussion broken context) KAJ 9:15.
section.
f) in Nuzi: all4ti TUG.HI.A.ME utterru u
b) in Mari: [l]u(?)-ba-ri [... ] (in list of uttija lu-ba-ri iktala those pieces of apparel
garments) ARM 7 252:3, see Bott6ro, ARMT 7 he returned, but my clothing he kept
p. 279f. AASOR 16 7:52; after I had left for Hanigal-
c) in Elam: x silver a T[UG] (new line:) bat PN lu-ba-riilteqe 2 AN§E §E.ME attadinma
,a
lu(!)-ba-re-e rukkusu MDP 22 142:4, of. PN
lu-ba-ri [.. .] (obscure) MDP 23 318:3;
wr. TUG.HI.A: 50 TtG.I.A 12 TUG.§A.GA.DU
TUG(!)-ri (or read: lu(!)-<ba>-ri) undeSSir
PN seized my clothing, I gave (him) two
homers of barley and he released my clothing
MDP 28 545:8. AASOR 16 6:60; 2 TUG.HI.A.ME§ JENu 782:8;
for TUG(.MES), see discussion section.
d) in MB, Alalakh, Bogh. and EA: TUG.
HI.A a aradka PN ana upri u kasiri ... g) in SB - 1' in lit., hist., etc.: lu-u-ba-ra
iddinu the garments which your servant PN ukallunikkumma litbaS when they offer you
gave to the weaver and kasiru-craftsman a garment, put it on EA 356:31 (Adapa), of.
BE 17 35:17; (as col. headings:) sfG.HI.A : [l]u-ba-ra [il]qini.summa ittalbaS ibid. 63;
TUG.II.A : mandattu MN : MU.BI.IM wool : lu-bar isinndtija(var. lu-ba-ri-si-na-ta-a)nibip
(finished) garments : delivery of the month laleja my festive garment, my gorgeous
MN : name PBS 2/2 142:1 (both MB); 10 TUG. attire Gilg. VIII ii 6, see JCS 8 93; [labs]atma
II.A 10 GADA.DU Wiseman Alalakh 357:1, and lu-ba-a-ra KUB 4 3:16, dupl. Ugaritica 5 No. 163
passim in this text; kaspa T1G.HI.A GUD.II.A iii 12, see ibid. p. 289; baltu ina Sepeja aJdgu
UDU.II.A upahhir KBo 1 11:30 (UrSu story), ina lu-ba-ri-ia - baltu-thorn is in my feet,
see ZA 44 124; nibihi.ME§ TTJG.HI.A Sis KBo asagu-thornin my clothes LKA 29d ii 13, cf.
1 26:7; iltentu TUG.HI.A 9a muhhija KBo 1 a dgu la ina lu-bar-ia ibid. 16; [kima lu-b]a-
3:32; mad NINDA.HI.A mad I.HI.A mad TUG. ri labirikalmatu ikkal like an old garment the
II.A-ti (read lubudati or lubarati?) EA 287:44; worms eat (it) Gilg. XII 94, see AfO 10 363;
1 ME GADA l[u-pa-r]u GAL taktimu one kima lu-ba-ru ina qaqqar imaSSaru they
hundred large linen garments, covers EA 14 spread it on the ground like a garment
iii 19, 1 me 50 GADA [lu]-pa-ru SIG(!) 150 ArOr 17/1 210:13, also ibid. r. 2, 209:3 (inc.);
thin garments ibid. 20, also (with qualifica- saharSubbd kima lu-ba-ri lilebbisa zumurSu
tion sehheriti) ibid. 21, (.a pani zumri) may (Sin) envelop his body with leprosy as
ibid. 26 and 29; note 6 GADA lu-<ba>-ruSIG ,a with a garment BBSt. No. 8 iv 8, cf. (in the
tabarri six fine linen garments with tabarru- same context) ki-i lu-ba-ri 1R 70 iii 19 (Caillou
colored (decoration) ibid. 30; 1 GADA lu-[ba-ru Michaux); 9 lu-ba-re-e lu(?)-bul-ti ilitiSu
SIG .]a 2 TUG.NIG.LAM lubultu [arri] ibid. 11, (as part of divine wardrobe) TCL 3 386 (Sar.);
cf. (also for lubultu darri) ibid. 12f. (list of gifts lu-ba-ra-am tediq Sarritija the garment
from Egypt). (which is) my royal attire VAB 4 62 ii 63
(Nabopolassar).
e) in MA: ina TUG.HI.A sa TUG Akkcadite
from the clothing made of Babylonian fabric 2' in rit.: until the eclipse comes to an
KAV 100:23; 1 TUG.II.A ca rPN KAJ 231:2, end nii miti subdt qaqqadiSunu sahtu ina
2 TVG.II[.A §a 'PN ibid. 3, 1 TUG.jI.A Sa PN lu-bar-ra-S4-nuqaqqassunu katmu the people
ibid. 4; TUG.I.A.MES GIa.GAR .a GN KAV of the country remove their headwear, they
103:10; 2 TUG.HI.A Sa SIG a seri KAV 99:15; cover their heads with their clothing BRM 4
TUG.I.A su-pa-a-t[u] SIG 5 .ME sahitu KAV 6:21, cf. ina lu-bar-i-nu nuk<ckusitu gags
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lubaru lubaru
qassunu katmu their heads are covered with b' wr. syll.: 1 TGS lu-bar (weighing
their torn garments ibid. 44; T1G.HI.A zak4 twenty minas, for the Lady-of-Uruk) TCL 12
tulabbassu you clothe it (the image) with a 107:1; TUG lu-bar kululu TtG lu-bar Jib-tu
clean garment KAR 178 r. vi 41 (hemer.), cf. VAS 6 16:17ff., cf. lu-bar ,ib-tu lu-bar kululu
TUG.HI.A SAL ibid. 38; ina lu-ba-re-e sdamti Camb. 277:10f.,
in red garments RA 60 36:6'; TUG lu-bar
(beside bullanu) UVB 15 p. 40:6'; the con-
ana lu-ba-ri a gamas
and see kulZlu ; blue wool
lu-bar 2 MA.NA KI.LA

Nbn. 789:2f.; 10 TUG
Camb. 312:7, also 11;
secrated kali-singer TUG lu-bar kitt halpu TUG lu-ba-ri Sa aUrigalla Nbk. 305:3.
adi TUG lu-bar-Mt ina lilissi ul uSSab is clad
in a linen garment, as long as (he wears) his 2. (a specific piece of female apparel, NB
(normal) garment he must not sit down beside
the kettledrum ibid. 10', cf. galamahu TUG 9a
only): 17 GiN KI .BABBAR k atri u lu-ba-ri
belti biti as additional payment (for the
field bought) and a 1.-dress for the lady of
lu-bar kitt halip ibid. 13', TUrG lu-bar DU 8 -ma
he takes off the 1.-garment ibid. 14'; TUG the house Cyr. 345:26, cf. (with much smaller
lu-bar qantuppu T~G lu-bar kisddi ibid. r. 9f. amounts) Nbk. 4:13, Camb. 423:15, VAS 5 38:29,
103:18, Peiser Vertrige 117:20, (without reference
h) in NB - 1' in gen.: they killed the to the lady of the house) Dar. 367:14, Evetts Ev.-M.
muAarkisu-official u TUG.HI.A-i ittai and 14:4, Cyr. 161:36; one-fourth shekel of silver
took away his clothing ABL 326 r. 5; iSten kI atri u TUG.H.A belet biti Bahl Leiden Coll.
TUG lu-bar-ri u TUG hulldnu VAS 6 168:6; 3 p. 55:14, also BE 8 115:18; four shekels of
TUG.H.A kitinne Nbn. 929:2; lu-ba-ri lu silver as additional payment 9 oiN Kt.
tadnaSSunltu the garments have been given BABBAR 10 GUR §E.BAR 5 GUR Z.LUM.MA Sa
to them (the weaver and the fuller) TCL 9 ana lu-ba-ri nadnu Weissbach Misc. pl. 15 No.
105:8 (let.). 2:19, see San Nicol6 Babylonische Rechtsurkunden
2' wardrobe of the divine images and parts No. 32.
thereof - a' wr. TUG.HI.A: blue wool ana 3. piece of cloth, rag - a) in med.: ina
TUG.HI.A Sa DN u DN, for the clothing of TUG.m.LA teterri you spread (the salve) on a
Samas and Bunene Nbn. 880:2, cf. TUG. piece of fabric AMT 55,6:7, also 51,1:8, 69,8:10,
WI.A §a Samas Nbn. 1015:4, also 726:3, 826:3, etc., Kiichler Beitr. pl. 10 iii 22, pl. 12 iv 16, 26,
929:2, Camb. 312:6; tunSdnu u TUG.HI.A DNSa 29, pl. 14 i 7, etc., but note ina T teterri
cloaks and garments for Annunitu Nbn. AMT 23,5:3, 39,1 i 5, 68,1 r. 15, 70,7:7, and passim
415:5, cf. also (for Belet-Sippar) VAS 6 23:2, in AMT, also Kiichler Beitr. pi. 12 iv 13, 18, 21, 23,
(for Samai) 71:4; 1 TUG.HI.A YOS 7 183:15; 31, pl. 6 i 6, 16, 20, 27, Kocher BAM 408 ii 8, etc.;
TUG.HI.A kululu parS~ge garments, headbands ina TUG.HI.A taahhal you strain through a
and headgear (for Sala) VAS 6 26:22, also 11, piece of cloth Kocher BAM 222:6, ina TUG.
14, 16, and passim in this text; TJG.HI.A kululu yI.A tessip ibid. 22, also ina TUG.HI.A hal-li
CT 4 38a:2, 6, 15, 17, 20; TUG.HI.A U TIG.MA§ tu-[rak]-kas ibid. 237 iv 32; TUG.HI.A tulabbad
a Bunene VAS 6 15:4; TfG.}H.A ziq-qu you wrap (the suppository?) in a piece of
ibid. 2; TUG.HI.A Sib-tu Nbn. 723:2, CT 4 38a: 1, cloth ibid. 104:20, lu-ba-re-e qa-tu-nu-ti
14, 18, cf. VAS 6 26:19, TUG.HI.A ME.SAG.DU thin rags (for rubbing) AMT 25,6 ii 7.
§a amaS Nbn. 726:5, also VAS 6 71:7, of. 28:9,
Camb. 158:2; TIG.HI.A TUG.MAS (= sibtu) b) other occs.: (I conjure you) nig lu-ba-
VAS 6 28:8, cf. also ibid. 26:1; note the spell- re-e a urrultu by the (menstrual) rags of
ing TUG.UD.A (for TUTG.HI.A, see Kilmer, Or, an unclean (i.e., menstruating) woman LKU
NS 29 291 n. 3); it&n TG~0.UD.A (for Ramas) 33 r. 11 and dupls. (Lamatu II); water [.a urs
weighing twenty minas BBSt. No. 36 p. 127:7, rultu] la imsH lu-ba-re-gd (var. TOG.HI.A.ME§-
also iStEn TUG.UD.A zi-qum ibid. 8, igtn TioG. 4i) in which no unclean woman had washed
UD A ZA. (GIN).KUR.RA ibid. 10, also ibid. 14 her (menstrual) rags AMT 27,5:9 and dupl.
(Nabopolassar). 54,3:3, var. from Kocher BAM 29:27; T1G.HII.A.
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lubaru lubbutu
ME§ KUD.ME-ti torn rags Maqlu VI 64, wr.Iu- lub.u s.; (a disease); SB.
ba-re-e ibid. IX 106. summa amelu ad paSittu u lu-ba-ti maru
There is no reason to connect lubaru if a man suffers from aM, paSittu and 1. RA 40
(von Soden, Or. NS 24 387) with the verb la% 114:1, also Kichler Beitr. pl. 16 ii 12, 16, and 21;
baru; the word has exactly the same range Summa ... zu'tu kima lu-ba-ti imtanaqqussu
of meanings as have lubzcSu and lubutu. if he keeps having attacks of sweating as
It cannot be established whether in OB (in the case of) the 1.-disease Labat TDP 116:4,
texts TUG.HI.A is to be read lubaru or lubugu. 7, 9; litbal munga lu-ba-ti(var. -ta) a Siereja
Cf. TUG.BAR.SI t TUTG.HI.A BIN 7 43:12, CT 48 may he remove the paralysis and the 1. of my
22:10, 2 TUG.II.A 1 TUG.BAR.SI VAS 16 flesh MVAG 23/2 22:51 (prayer); mur-su ta-ni-
18:5, 3 TUG.BI.A 3 TUG.BAR.SI.HI.A CT 8 2a:5, h&u bu-u-a lu-ba-.ta BM 99094:16.
10 TUG.HI.A BE 6/1 84:7, cf. 101:2, CT 6 25b:5, In aja ithikum lu-bi-tum aggaStum Bohl
OECT 3 74:22, BE 6/2 85:9, TCL 10 17:24, 26, r. Leiden Coll. 2 4:16 (OB inc., translit. only), the
19, 78:3, YOS 5 207:23, 25, TCL 17 36:11, VAS signs lu-bi-tum should possibly be emended
16 30:7, CT 33 23:4, etc. Note furthermore: to ra-bi-sum or the like.
ana 2 TUG.HI.A szc-ba-te-,a UET 5 636:54, Labat, RA 40 117.
also ina libbi 3 TIG.r.A-ka iSten nadndti u
lubbasu s.; (mng. unkn.); OB.*
saniam anaku ... attadin itenma su-ba-at-ka
uhiur from your three garments: you have Summa Saplanum liSdnim lu-ub-ba-su(var.
been given one, the second I have delivered -si) it-ta-na-am-sa-ruawilum iSarru if under
and only one garment (subatu) of yours is in the tongue 1.-s .... again and again, the man
arrears TCL 17 65:6; note in OB math.: will become rich YOS 10 52 ii 19, dupl. 51 ii 20
TI5G.HI.A MCT 136 Ue 24. (OB ext.).
In Nuzi possibly all writings TUG and TUG. lubbu s.; (a part of the scales); lex.*; Sum.
ME§ are to be read lubdru and not subatu; Iw.
note the writing: 1 TTG.ME§ JENu 519:19 gis.erin.lub.bi = qab-lu-u, lub-bu, a~N S zi-
and 734:11, 2 TUG.MES e.-u RA 23 149 No. ba-ni-tt Hh. VI 110ff., see MSL 9 27.
32:5 as against [1] TUG eg-gu ibid. No. 31:24,
lubbuku (labbuku) adj.; steeped, softened;
etc.; TUG SIG.MES U AN.NA.MES HSS 9 103:15,
OB, MA; cf. labIku.
AN.NA.MES TUG.MES ibid. 98:32, x T G.MES
JEN 451:7, 520:2, etc.; note also the replace- riqqe la-bu-ku-4-te a ina aganni bedni ana
ment of TUG.HI.A HSS 5 71:35 in the same diqdri tatabbak you pour into the clay pot
context by TUG JEN 444:21. the steeped aromatics that have been over-
night in the agannu-pot (and heat them)
In Ea VII 230 [...] [xx] = lu-ba-rum read
probably ib(!)-ba-rum, see imbaru. Ebeling Parfimrez. 21:14, also ibid. 19:10, 19:29,
Ad mng. 2: San Nicolb, Or. NS 16 286ff. 21:33, 38:5, 39:18, 42:22 (MA); summa mars
lubaru in bit lubari s.; chest for gar- turn lu-ub-bu-ka-at milum illakam if the gall
ments; lex.*; cf. lubaru. bladder is softened(?) high water will come
YOS 10 31 vi 24 (OB ext.).
gi.g[ur].sig = gi-hi-nu = E u-ba-ru (var. E
lu-ba-r[i-e]) Hg. A II 46, in MSL 7 70. lubbundu see *lubbuttu.
lub8au s.; garment; OA, MB*; cf. labd4u.
lubbunitu (AHw. 560b) see ippunitu.
in-// lub-ti, e-di-ru, hu-la-qu, su-la-qu, hu-u-la-
pu, Ku-mah-um (var. KUAu-tu-ur.MAH), ku-um-ma-ru lubbundi s.; incense(?); NB.*
= lu-ba-i Malku VI 65ff.
Oil ina qdt PN ana lu-ub-bu-nd-e nadin
lu-ba-da liltabi[] BE 17 34:36 (MB); un-
given by PN for 1. Nbn. 322:4.
cert.: ina lu-ba-i-im CCT 5 48d:4 (= CCT 1
Mng. based on labandtu, q.v.
27a, OA).
For VAB 6 154 (= CT 2 19) 18, see Ilubaru lubbutu adj.; in the hair (said of unshorn
mng. la. goats); NB*; cf. labdu.
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*lubbuttu lubuftu
10 UDU.MA§.GAL.ME§ ina libbi lu-ub-bu-u- you make a lubricant Kocher BAM 241 iii 10
tu 2 U8 .ME naphar 12 UDU.NITA.ME ten full- (MB).
grown he-goats, among (them some) in the
lubru A s.; (a kind of date palm); SB.
hair, two ewes, in all twelve head of sheep
and goats GCCI 1 60:2, cf. (one ewe, two [summa GIS.GI§IMMAR] lu-ub-ru ina kirt
female lambs) naphar 3 irbi lu-ub-<bu>-.e-e-ti imqut if a 1.-palm falls down in a garden
CT 41 16:22, cf. umma GIS.GIS.IMAR lu-ub-ru
GCCI 2 89:3.
.a ina dli asd imq[ut] ibid. 23, dupl. ibid. 17
*lubbuttu (lubbundu) s.; brick arch(?); K.3757 edge (SB Alu).
LB; cf. labanu A v.
lubru B (or lupru) s.; (a profession?);
bab papdhi a Sama adi muhhi lu-ub-bu-un- Nuzi.*
du 18 xKi Saqu the door of the chapel of
PN DUMU PN, LTj lu-ub-ru JEN 324:26.
Samar is 18 cubits high up to the (arching)
brickwork PSBA 33 pl. 21:1, cf. ibid. 10, cf. lub§u s.; 1. garment, 2. ground cover
also adi muhhi lu-ub-b[u-un-du]
SKil lu-ub-bu-un-du ibid. 3.
ibid. 15,
gi.e.du = hab-bur-ru = lub-4u 9a
consisting of young reeds; SB*; cf. labdau.
GI.ME§,
gi.AE.Dt = u-di-it-tum = MIN, gi.§E.Dr = ha-ba-
lubbutu (AHw. 560b). gil-la-tum = MIN Hg. A II 23ff., in MSL 7 68;
su-us v = id-qu-u a lu-ub-i A 11/4:73.
For Kraus AbB 1 84:26, see lapdtu mng. 4k;
lu-bu-4u, ti-ru = lu-ub-§u (parallel: kub-Ju
for AfK 1 23:30, see mulabbitu. Malku VI 78) An VII 169f.; lub-Ju = su-bat muq-qu
ibid. 155; lub-fu, e-ri-rum, KUT-mah-um (var. KRvu-
luberu s.; (a garment); OA, MA*; cf. tu-urMAH) = lu-ba-ru ibid. 159ff.; in-// lub-§u=
lubdru. lu-ba-u(!) (for context see lubasu) Malku VI 65.
[u-di-it]-tum = lub-.tia oG Izbu Comm. 533.
10 TPG.JI.A .uritim lu-bi-ri tu.Ebilam you
have sent me ten black garments as(?) my 1. garment: Aa ... ulabbiguka lu-ub-
clothing(?) RA 60 140 Tabl. Bruce 4 (OA); .i(var. -. d) rabd he who had clad you in a
2 TTG lu-be-ru sa niqidte 1 GIBIL 1 la-be-ru .a magnificent garment Gilg. VII iii 38; see also
eli PN two garments for (making) sacrifices, Malku, An, in lex. section.
one old, one new, which are charged to PN 2. ground cover consisting of young
KAJ 256:1, cf. 1 TUG lu-be-ru [...] (beside reeds: see Hg. II and Izbu Comm. 533, in lex.
nahlaptu, i'lu, etc.) ibid. 9; ina muhhi lu-be- section.
ri (in broken context) Ebeling Parfuimrez. p.
43 and pl. 7 i 47 (MA). lubultu see lubuStu.
lubkanu s.; oil used for lubrication(?); lubiuru in bit lubuiri s.; (mng. uncert.);
plant list*; cf. labdku. lex.*
i.sag : t (var. omits) lub-ka-nu Uruanna III ku.lu.ub.sig = pa-ti-ru = : lu-bu-ri Hg. A
535. II 157, in MSL 7 149.
The Sum. term denotes a leather bag
lubku s.; salve, lubricant; OB, MB, SB; holding wool.
cf. labdku.
lubussu see lubutu.
a-a A = ru-ut-b[u], lu-[u]b-k[u] A I/1:105f.;
me-e A = ru-uJ-bu, lu-ub-ku, ri-im-ku ibid. 117-119; lubu1tu (lubultu, lubussu, labussu) s.;
di-ig NI = nu-ur-ru-bu, ra-at-bu, ru-u-i-bu, lu-ub- 1. clothing, wardrobe, 2. clothing allowance,
ku, lu-ub-bu-ku, lu-tab-bu-ku A II/1 ii 8-12.
3. (a specific piece of apparel), 4. ceremony
awilum sH lu-ub-lcum ul nadi9ium to this of clothing (the images in a NB sanctuary),
man no salve will be given AfO 18 65 ii 34 (OB 5. cover, coating; from OAkk. on, Akk. 1w.
omens); 9 SammZ &a napalti lu-ub-ki nine in Sum., Akkadogram in Bogh.; pi. lubudtu
drugs for a salve as a lubricant AMT 19,6:9; and (only in mng. 4) lubu.iti; wr. syll. (TPG.
[... t]aadallu-ub-ki teppud you bray [...], HI.A KAV 1 v 93 and 105); cf. labdJu.
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lubutu lubustu
i KU = lu-bu-u-tu Ea I 149; [tu-u] TftG = lu- KAR 143:30, see von Soden, ZA 51 136 (cult.
bu-u.-du = (Hitt.) wa-ad-gu-u-wa-ar (followed by comm.).
[MIN] T1TO= zu-u-pa-tum = T(YG-ag) S a Voc. H 7'.
su-lu-<hu> T[G].ji.LAGAB = lu-bu-u-[tum] (be- b) royal attire: RN lu-bu-u-tum nam.
tween raqqatuand lamahu~Su) Diri V 145, cf. [TtG]. lugal.la.ni.se mu.sir.ra ba.an.[mu]
ZI.LAGAB = lu-bu-ud-tu, [TtOG.S]fG-lusuD h = la-am- Amar-Sin wore mourning dress instead of
hu-u-u Erimhug VI 44f.; zu-lum-hi TrG.sfG.SUD
= lu-bu-u6-tum (between raqqatu and lamahu~ihi)
the garments (befitting) his kingship UET 8
Diri V 135; TTG.Z.LAGAB = lu-bu-ug-tum, lam-hu- 33:11; send me from your stores ipatim
u§-Ju-u Hh. XIX 165f.; [tdg.x.x] = [au-bat]dBel1 maddtim ana lu-bu-i-ti Sarrim much wool
= lu-bul-tum (var. u-dib-u§-td), [tug.x].gi.lu = for the king's wardrobe Laessoe Shemshara
[tap-§u]- = MIN Hg. B V 7f., Hg. D 410ff., var.
Tablets 71 SH 813.7:13; aSum TG.HI.[A] .a lu-
from Hg. C II 20f., in MSL 10 138ff.
sig.ba = lu-bu-u -tum (after epru, pi6§atu and bu-u.-ti-ia Sa teppedi concerning the gar-
before tuig.ba = na-al-ba-u) Hh. I 24; sig.ba ments of my wardrobe which you (fem.) are
tdg.ba.bi in.na.ni.ib.kal : lu-bu-ul-ta i-dan- making ARM 10 173:11, cf. (in broken con-
nin he had definitively assigned (to the wet nurse, text) [l]u-bu-uS-ta [...] ibid. 170:18; X GADA
for three years, food, ointment and) clothing allow-
ance Ai. III iii 49.
lu-[ba-ru] qatnu lu-bu-ul-du asarri x fine
t.LU.HA, ki-ti-tum, raq-qa-tum = lu-bu-ud-tum linen garments, (part of a) royal wardrobe
Malku VI 84ff., also An VII 174ff. EA 14 iii 1lf. (list of gifts from Egypt); they send
each other fine presents (such as) perfumed
1. clothing (as the assemblage of several oil for anointing lu-bu-ul-ta Sa .arrutti
pieces of apparel which make up the attire of clothing befitting kings KBo 1 14 r. 8, cf.
a god, king or other person), wardrobe - TUG.MAH-im TTaG.SAG-im lu-bu-u,-ti garritim
a) divine attire: I dedicated [four talents KAR 19 r.(!) 7, see Ebeling, Or. NS 23 211; lu-
of red gold] ana lu-bu-ug-ti sa Marduk u bul-ti ,arrictiu idhutma he stripped off his
Sarpanitu for the wardrobe of DN and DN 2 royal garment Borger Esarh. 102 II i 3;
5R 33 ii 29 (Agum-kakrime); 9 lubare lu(!)-bul-ti Samas-sum-ukin lavished on Elam to obtain
ilitidu nine lubru-garments, his divine their assistance lu-bul-tu ukuttu simat ,ars
wardrobe (description follows) TCL 3 386 riti garments and jewelry befitting a king
(Sar.); TUG.HI.A lu-bu-su sukuttu a ilani Streck Asb. 50 vi 16; concerning the enthrone-
gabbu amdru (it is the responsibility of the ment of the substitute king ina muhti TUG
lahbinu-official) to check on the wardrobe lu-bu-si Sa Sarribelija concerning the clothing
and jewelry of all the gods Ebeling Stiftungen of the king, my lord ABL 653:9 (NA); wrapped
p. 24 ii 9; just as this fleece will not return in a linen [...] decorated with (designs)
to the sheep ana lu-bu-u&-ti iii u arri la in inzahuretu-dyed wool, wearing a nibihu-
itehh nor will it be used for (lit. come near sash around his waist, he was robed in a
to) the clothing of gods or kings gurpu V-VI lubaru-garment lu-bu-us-tum Sarri Sa ina
96 and 116; eriti Sadim Iibara lu-bu-us-tam sabdt qdte ildni illabbid (this being) the attire
i-ri-ig-<<ti> (var. -ri-i.) a wish of the of the king, in which he is vested at the cere-
nether world: Ishara desires (new) attire mony of the accompanying of the divine
YOS 10 51 i 27, dupl. ibid. 52 i 26, var. from RA images UVB 15 40 r. 8 (NB rit.); note lu-bu-
61 23:6 (OB ext.); nine minas of wool ina sio. ud-tum(text -bi) NIM.MAki BHT pl. 14 iii 26
HI.A Sa lu-bu-u-tum Sa DN from the wool (chron.).
(assigned) for the clothing of the goddess
Annunitu Dar. 107:2, also Dar. 303:7; ten c) priestly attire: they had listed (on a
husannu-sashes, one loin cloth, one head stela upon which the picture of an entu-
cover (summed up as) lu-bul-ti Sarrat-Sippar priestess was drawn) simdtiu lu-bu-uS-ta-Su
the clothing of the goddess DN Nbk. 87:5, etc.; u tiqnidu her insignia, apparel, and adorn-
la-bu-su-su sa ana DN uebbaluni kuzippiu ments YOS 1 45 i 32 (Nbn.).
Sunu the garments which they are bringing d) of private persons - 1' in OA: the
to the goddess DN are his kuzippu-garments winter has caught up with me, there is not
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lubuftu lubuftu
even one piece of bread, no wood la TtG. bu-ul-te 9a PN clothing either from what is
I.A a-lu-bu-u.-ti-iM-na no garment for their in the chests or from the clothing of PN
(fer.) clothing CCT 4 45b:24; [1] ku4utum KAV 98:14, 16, cf. ibid. 22, 41 and 43, also KAV
a lu-bu-u,-ti OIP 27 11:7; x shekels of 99:37 and AfO 19 pl. 7 VAT 8009:9; whenever a
silver a-na lu-bu-u-ti-a TCL 20 176:4, also woman of the royal harem leaves the palace
ibid. 3 and 7. lu-bil-ta-Sa rab ekalli u atg [im]muru the
overseer of the palace and the doorkeepers
2' in OB: qutni ana lu-bu-u-ti awelim
inspect her clothing AfO 17 274:45 (harem
liSepis let him produce thin (fabrics) for the
edicts).
wardrobe of the boss VAS 16 189:27, cf. ana
qutni lu-bu-u&-ti [awelim] epeim ibid. 11, 6' in NA: if you smear with red paste
also [aMum] x-pu-si qatnatim [a lu]-bu-uS-ti TUG- lu-bul-ta-ku-nu (vars. lu-bul-ta-[ku-nu],
awelim ibid. 5; ina sipatim .a lu-bu-u-ti-ia na-pul-ta-ku-nu) Wiseman Treaties 374; NiG.
ba.dtim ublinikki they have brought you SID.ME§ Su lu-bu-si = MmIN (= nikkassi) Sd
(the five minas of wool) from the wool lu-bu-si Practical Vocabulary Assur 302; see
available for my clothing Kraus AbB 1 134:21. also labdSu mng. 3b.
3' in Bogh.: 1-ni T15G LU-BU-U[L-TU] KUB 7' in SB: lu-bu-us-ti iqti my clothing is
34 2 r. 4; TYG-U.A-TUM (in parallelism with worn out Gilg. X v 30; lu-bu-us-ti (var. lu-
unt-u-utensils) Goetze Neue Bruchstiicke p. bu-Si) labi kima Sumuqan he is clothed like
50:37. the god Sumuqan (i.e., naked and hirsute)
4' in Nuzi: x kusitu lu-bu-u[l-t]um HSS 13 Gilg. I ii 38; mindtasurruhlu-bu-us-ta udd[u]S
152:3 (= RA 36 202), cf. 2 gu-zi-du KI.MIN massive in body, clad in new attire Lambert
(= lu-bu-uS-du) HSS 14 118:3; note 3 tapalu BWL 48:10 (Ludlul III); if moths eat lu-bu-
kusitu lu-bu-ul-du HSS 15 169:15, for other us-ta Sa sAL a woman's garment BRM 4 21:23,
refs. see kusitu usage f; x tapalu hullannu lu- cf. ibid. 20, also TUG LU a man's garment
bu-u.-du HSS 15 174:4, also (contrast: ibid. 22 (omens); [pag]ru amelu lu-bu-u[S-t]um
Sinailu) 143:3 and 11; 40 hullannu lu-bu- [GA]DA.[M]AU his body is that of a man, his
u,-du HSS 15 166:30, also HSS 14 118:2; 1 TG attire, a gadamdhu-garment MIO 1 64 i 14',
iltennutu ullan[nu lu-bu-u]l-du.ME HSS 14 also 82:33, 68:30' and, with lu-bu-us-tum [Su-
643:16; 3 nahlaptu lu-bu-us-du HSS 15 unl-nu-u[S-tum] the clothing is that of a
182:11; 4 tapalu hullannu lu-bu-ul-lu ibid. woman 64:35', also 66:47', 68:40', 78:26' (de-
169:11; x ta[palu hulla]nnu lu-bu-[ul-tu scriptions of representations of demons); nidru
kin]ahhe HSS 14 607:2, cf. [... lu-b]u-ul- ana lu-bu-us-ti-sc-nu liSSakin may papyrus
tum Sa KUR Hanigalbat ibid. 6; 2 TG nu-hu be used for their clothing (curse) AfO 8 20 r.
lu-bu-u-tum HSS 15 182:4; lubuStu alone: iv 15 (treaty of ASur-nirari V); kakkab Gula
2 TTG lu-bu-u.-du .a addijanni HSS 14 118:1, salmu lu-bu-us-tum AfO 4 76 r. 14, cf. ibid. 74:8
also HSS 15182:1; uncert.: theft of 1 T Q-du (descriptions of representations of stars); Sums
AASOR 16 8:44. ma amelu lu-bu-us-tu a-na a-hi-sc it-[...]
K.10862:10', also (in broken context)
5' in MA: if a husband left to go overland ibid. 8'f., 11' (SB omens).
without providing his wife with oil, wool
lu-bu-ul-ta clothing (or food) KAV 1 iv 86 2. clothing allowance - a) payable in
(Ass. Code § 36); they may not take her jewelry wool: see Hh. I 24, Ai. III ii 49, in lex. section;
away lu-bu-ul-ta-9a sabit sa ilaqqe but the for sig.ba in OB legal documents and in
one who seized her (the prostitute caught Mari see lubisu; E.BA u SIG lu-bu-ul-ta.ME
veiled) may take her clothing ibid. v 73 (§ 40), AASOR 16 27:15; as long as PN lives u PN,
cf. batiqanSu lu-bu-ul-tu-u ilaqqe ibid. 82, AE.BA u lu-bu-u-ta inandin RA 23 155 No.
also, wr. TUG.I.A ibid. v 93 and 105; lu-bu- 51:6, also JEN 18:12, wr. SE.BA u lu-bu-ul-ta
ul-ta lu(!) Sa libbe tupninnate ... u lu ina lu- JEN 405:10, also 319:12 and 613:14, ep-ri u
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lubustu lubustu
lu-bu-u,-di JEN 456:15, i-[pi-ir]-Su u lu-bu- ama AAkiti ibid. 19f.; blue wool Aa ana
ul-ta-au JEN 571:23; two minas of wool lu-bu-u,-tum a vD.15.KAM a Arabsamna
every year kima lu-bu-<ul>-ti-au HSS 5 82:26; ana PN nadnu Camb. 382:10, cf. Cyr. 191:2;
note 56 SAL.ME§ a GN a lu-bu-ul-ta-aaa ilqe blue wool ana lubari a ama ... ana lubari
HSS 13 442:2 and 8, cf. 14 SAL.ME§ a GN a 9a Bunene ... ultu Ebabbara ana lu-bu-[uS-
lu-bu-u[A-t]a aa ilteq4 HSS 16 412:3 (all Nuzi). turn] a ITI [MN ana] PN ilpari Nbn. 789:7, of.
(for wool deliveries) Camb. 367:2, Camb. 277:2
b) payable in garments (probably a and 9, Nbn. 754:6, 788:2, 979:2, (with amounts of
standard piece of apparel given to workmen silver) Nbn. 410:3, etc.; dyes and wool ana
as part of their wages, NB): ipri pisatii u husanni Aa Annunitu Ja lu-bu-uA-tum Nbn.
T~a lu-bu-uA-tum food, ointment and a 794:6, takiltu-wool ana lu-bu-us-ti YOS 3
l.-garment Nbn. 697:7 and 11, cf. kurummatu 49:7, wool and kitinni a lu-bu-u-tum
ipri pisatu u lu-bu-uA-tum VAS 5 21:7, 15 Nbn. 879:4; dullu pest Aa lu-bu-ut-tum a
and 22, also [...] ipri piAgatu lu-bu-ua-tum Addari clean linen for the clothing ceremony
OLZ 1904 39:8 (translit. only).
of Addaru Nbn. 1015:1, also Cyr. 201:1, 232:1,
3. (a specific piece of apparel) -
costly garment: see Diri V 135 and 145, Erim-
hui VI 44f. and Hh. XIX 165f., also Malku VI
a) a
9a
289:1, Camb. 413:1; silver for burdu-incense
5 lu-bu-u-e-e-ti (received by the washer-
man) for five lubuAtu-ceremonies GCCI 1242:2;
84ff., An VII 174ff., cited in lex. section. [mihsu] tend lu-bu-u-tum linen change for
the clothing ceremony Cyr. 7:1; kiti edAu
b) with qualifications: lu-bu-u-ta rabita ... ana lu-bu-u,-tum new linen for the
lu-bu-u4-ta burdsi sami DN u DN, lu ulab clothing ceremony Dar. 62:2; [mi]su gah
biAugunutima I clad Marduk and Sarpanitu ... ana lu-bu-uA-tum soiled linen for the
with a splendid garment, a garment (deco- clothing ceremony Camb. 312:3; silver given
rated) with red gold 5R 33 ii 32f. (Agum- ana lu-bu-u.-tum Camb. 175:4, 243:4, Nbn.
kakrime); lu-bil-ti birme Iraq 25 56:48, and pas- 532:2, 1088:2.
sim in NA royal inscrs. (beginning with Tukulti-
b) in non-adm. texts: edJe e pete babi lu-
Ninurta II), also TUG lubulti kite, see birmu A
bu-Ad-at - eAu-ceremonies, "openings of
usage g; 1 TG lu-bil-ta adi tamlitela one
the door," clothing ceremonies (listed among
.-garment with its decoration(?) (as a gift of
cultic events) RAcc. 79 r. 37 and 77:36, cf.
the king to the priest of Assur) MVAG 41/3
TUG lu-bu-d-at Sa Anu Antu ToG lu-bcu-
8 i 35, cf. TUG <lu>-bil-taadi tillisa ibid. 12 ii
Ad-at Sa Itar ibid. 89:11, guqqdne Sa arki
41 (MA rit.).
TTG lu-bu-u-tum ibid. 13; ina ITI Abi UD.1.
c) other occs.: 2 lu-bu-us-t[u] (after KAM lu-bu-uS--tum on the first day of Abu:
gulenu, a-rtu) VAS 6 275:4' (NB); as part clothing ceremony LKU 51:32f.; UD.3.KAM
of the equipment of soldiers (sabe uruditu): a Ulili TUG lu-bu-us-ti Sa Bel the clothing
tillu ismard patre parzilli lu-bu-Sd(text YHA)-ti ceremony of Bel is on the third of Uliilu
YOS 3 139:23 (NB let.), see also sub lubju. ABL 496:9 (NB), of. ana muhfi lu-bul-ti agd
ibid. r. 4, [...] ki-it lu-bu-u-ti r. 11.
4. ceremony of clothing (the images in a
NB sanctuary) - a) in gen.: sheep as 5. cover, coating - a) cover: (various
guqqgni-offering (for the third, seventh, and shades of colored wool, etc.) for idten tunsu
fifteenth days of three consecutive months) lu-bu-uA-tum SAG a muhli kirgappi one
ina lu-bu-uA-ti (to be used) during the fine tungu-cloak as cover over a footstool
clothing ceremony (parallel: ina Ari, ina VAS 6 16:4 and 8 (NB); 1 TjG lu-bu-ul-tum
lildtu) VAS 6 258:2, 7 and 10; linseed for Sa majali one cover for a bed HSS 15 139:18
8 eSAeani adi lu-bu-u-td Sa Kislimi BIN 2 (- RA 36 211, Nuzi).
129:2, cf. BIN 1 152:2 and 17, lu-bu-uA-ti Sa b) coating: the gate of Emah Aa daltiu
UD.1.KAM UD.16.KAM ga Ulili lu-bu-u§-ti a GI§.IG lu-bu-uS-ti ina issi bamu whose door
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lubuitu lubuitu
leaves were made with a coating of ordinary of copper were left over and ana lu-bu-u
wood (I remade of cedar wood coated with aSitika u mer'ika u ukultigunu nittanaddin
edmari-silver) VAB 4 282 viii 46 (Nbn.), cf. we will spend (it) for clothing for your wife
lu-bu-us-ti kima simatiina ... ulabbiS ibid. and your children, also food for them
52; NA4 za-ka-ka-tum lu-bu-us-ti Aa Ezida the BIN 6 187:22; 2 lu-bu-&i illibbi PN kaspam
coating of Ezida is (pure) glass ZA 53 238:10 Aatqildu CCT 4 49a:37; 1 TITG lu-bu-a-am
(SB lit.). PN ubiluum RHA 66 p. 37:8; uncert.: 5 sitri
See also discussion sections sub itusSu and ea lu-bu-i five veils(?) for clothing OIP 27
subdtu. 58:25, also TCL 4 19:11 (all OA); 1 TITG.BA
For TG.NfG.LAM in UCP 9 331:14, MDP 24 il,-ta-ba-as ARM 10 91 r. 4'; in pl.: I ligSut
332: 17, see lubi~u. lu-bu-i-A[a-ma] let her take off her clothing
lubiiuu s.; 1. clothing, wardrobe, 2. (a Gilg. I iii 43, cf. lu-bu-si-d umassima she
specific piece of apparel), 3. clothing allow- spread out her clothing ibid. iv 18, also lu-
bu-si-ki mussma ibid. 12; note lu-bu-Ai
ance, 4. clothing ceremony; from OA, OB
on; pl. lubuii; wr. syll. and (in mng. 3) (var. lu-bu-u-ti) labiA ibid. ii 38; ina nissat
SfG.BA (TTG.BA TCL 1 160:16, TCL 10 104:2
libbilu uAar<ri>ta lu-bu-§e-4u in his grief
and 4, ARM 10 91 r. 4', TUG.NIG.LAM UCP 9 he tore his garments STT 38:100, cf. kim
331 No. 6:14, MDP 24 332:17, TUG.NIG.MU 4
lu-bu-Se-tic a udarritu (he gave him others)
ibid. 108 (Poor Man of Nippur), see AnSt 6
BBSt. No. 36 p. 127:2); cf. labdsu.
150f.; lu-bu-Ai-i ugarrat AfO 21 pl. 9 Tablet
ttg.nig.mumu 4 = lu-bu-§u, tug.nig.mu 4 .
dingir.ra = MIN ili, tug.nig.mu 4 .1ugal = MIN
Funck 2:9 (Alu Comm.); uttakkiru lu-bu-si
sar-ri, tug.nig.mu 4 .nin.dingir.ra = MIN en-ti they changed their garments Tn.-Epic "ii" 39;
Hh. XIX 286ff.; tug.bar.dul5 .nig.mu 4 = §d lu-bu-e (in broken context) KAR 299:11 (lit.);
lu-[bu-Si] (followed by a gsalmi) Hh. XIX 111, send a ship to GN u ussdka K~T.BABBAR.ME§
cf. [tug.nig.lm.nig.m]u 4 = d lu-bu-i ibid. and it will bring you
lu-bu-Ai idtu Adsunu
120, also [tug.x.nig.mu 4] = [9a lu-bu-Si] ibid. 267.
lu-bu-u = kub-§u Malku VI 78, ti-i-ru, pu-su- silver (and) clothing from them EA 82:30,
um-mu = lu-bu-su ibid. 79f., a-gu-hu, [... ], ti-i-ru, cf. KIT.BABBAR [lu-b]u-i EA 85:49; figurines
ta-al-tab-Iu = MIN (= lu-bu-Au) DINGIR ibid. 81ff.; age ramanigunu apru lu-bu-ucramaniunu
a-gu-uh-hu = lu-bu-§u DINGIR.ME§ LTBA 2 1 v 36 labsu crowned with their appropriate head-
and 2:244; lu-bu-Su, ti-ru = lu-ub-§u An VII 169f.;
TfG.4I.A (= lubaru) = lu-bu-lum An VII 276;
gear, wearing their appropriate attire BBR
pu-su-um-ti = lu-bu-§u Malku VIII 19; d-x-tap- No. 46-47:16, also KAR 298:2, and passim in this
gu, gu-u-u = lu-bu-Su DINGIR.ME Malku VI 83a-b. text; ana muhhi lu-bu-Ai-u [TfG].UD.UD il-
1. clothing, wardrobe (in gen.) - a) tab-ba-aA Or. NS 36 34:3 (namburbi), cf. lu-
divine wardrobe: TaG.NiG.MU 4 ama beli bu-Ai [... iltabbiS] STT 28 iv 6', also ii 46
rabh a wardrobe for the great lord Samar (Nergal and Ereskigal), see AnSt 10 114; lu-bu-us
(the enumeration of specific pieces of ap- SIG.SAG VAB 4 290 i 9 (Nbn.); Sarpanitu Aa
parel follows) BBSt. No. 36 p.127:2; Sumu- niiru lu-bu-Ai-u whose attire is luminosity
qan bel kubSi lu-bu-Si u nalbaSi provided RAcc. 135:253; in the tomb he deposited the
with headband, clothing, and cloak KAR body of his mother, he laid out the body
19 r.(I) 4, see Ebeling, Or. NS 23 211. l-u-u-u damqitu kith namri in fine (outer)
garments (and) shining linen VAB 4 294 iii 24,
b) royal wardrobe: twenty abarniu- cf. ina lu-bu-Ai-ia damqitu ibid. iii 13 (Nbn.),
garments, very fine, ten namau4u-garments, cf. also lu-bu-i-Du-nu (in broken context,
very fine, ten Akkadian garments a lu-bu-us describing the mourning ceremonies) AnSt 8
Ja-ru-timfor the royal wardrobe CCT 5 44a:4 52 iii 28 and 32f. (Nbn.); uncert.: 50 KUS lu-
(OA). bu-uA Camb. 18:1.
c) other occs.: TUG lu-bu-us PN (beside
garments described as tabhum, nibe ium, 2. (a specific piece of apparel, OA) -
TU.BAR, etc.) MDP 28 526:3 (OAkk.); 26 minas a) in gen.: 2 lu-bu-u 1raqqutum 1 ulupkum
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lubiu lublitu
CCT 5 28c: 6, [x] T1G lu-bu-Si 2 TPG raqqatdn (all OB); SE.BA I.BA SIG.BA ina ekallim
ibid. 18b:9, 3 lu-bu-Ju 13 TUG barqitum limtahharu ARM 4 86:35, SE.BA TUG.BA u
RA 58 63 Sch. 7:4, 16 kutdni 18 Suritum 2 KA§.HI.[A] imahhara ARM 10 40 r. 2'; SIG.BA
raqqatdn 1 TUG lu-bu-§um 1 ilipkium 2 z4 E.BA ARM 5 71:5, 12, 20; four garments
kusitdn RA 60 111 MAH 19615:6, raqqatam u ana SIG.BA 4 Ltj re[d(?)] ARM 7 147:2.
lu-bu-Sa-am (for the rubd'um) TCL 4 39:7, of.
2' wr. syll.: deduct x barley, dates, oil,
KTS 57a:2, etc., cf. also the enumerations in CCT
and wool ana ukulle biti piddat biti u l[u]-bu-
1 15a:4 and 8, 18a: 10, 41a: 3, KT Blanckertz 16:5,
us biti OECT 3 65:18; lu-bu-ga-am pigatam
TCL 4 47:6, TCL 20 175:3(!), ICK 2 290:28', and
piqittaaa ul iddinma CT 2 31:4, also CT 8 20a
passim; note the pl.: lu-bu-se-e §a PN
TCL 4 13:16.
r. 13; note the spelling: ana PAD i. x uI(!)
TUG.NiG(!).LAM E UCP 9 331 No. 6:14, which
b) with qualifications: 12 TUG lu-bu-sd-e is to be read lubiuu on the basis of the
pasiutim Kienast ATHE 66:22, also ICK 1 92:1, parallel ana kurummat bitim piSgat bitim i
TCL 19 26:9, CCT 2 28:26, 32a: 16, CCT 4 33a:31; lu(!)-bu-u9 bi-tim ibid. 340 No. 15:17, for other
lu-bu-su-um pasium BIN 4 19:36, also TCL 19 occs. of TUG.NiG.LAM see mng. 3c-3'; ku-ru-
26:13, TCL 20 161:1, etc.; 7 TUG lu-bu-i ir- ma-ti lu-bu-9i piS[sa]ti piqitti nudunned[u]
qu-tim ICK 1 92:4; aSsumi lu-bu-si-im sa Fish Letters 6 edge 3; 1 TTG U 6 MA.NA SIG lu-
ana PN lu-bu-Sa-am damqam as'ema as to bu-ud NIG MU.2.KAM (for the wet nurse,
the clothing allowance for PN, I looked for beside the teniqu) YOS 12 249:7; 2 GUN SiG.
a fine lubusu-garment RA 60 140a: 18 and 20; IGI.SAG.GOA a lu-bu-si-i-ka idnasum give
1 TUG lu-bu-su-um matitum KT Hahn 11:9'. him two talents of choice wool from your
wool allowance TLB 4 72:22, cf. ibid. 13 (all
3. clothing allowance - a) in gen.
(usually payable in wool) -
OB); 5 MA.NA SIG.HI.A lu-bu-us-si Syria 5
1' wr. sIG.BA
270:7, cf. lu-bu-su ibid. 8 (Hana); ana minim
and TUG.BA: SE.BA i.BA U SIG.BA CH § 178:84
ipram lu-bu-sa-am ina bitika la idu why
and 91, se.ba i.ba sig.ba Goetze LE § 32
have I no food (or) clothing from your
B ii 14; for a long time ina ekallim §E.BA u
household? ARM 10 36:19, cf. ipri lu-bu-Si
SIG.BA imahhar he used to receive food ra-
... liddininim ibid. 22; 2 GEM1 li-im-da-
tions and clothing allowance from the palace
ti-ia u lu-bu-di Siubilam ibid. 38:20; 1 TUG
TCL 7 54:6, cf. inannasarrum§E.BA- U U SiG.
kima lu-bu-di-au one garment as his clothing
BA-SU itbal ibid. 7 (let.); se.ba i.ba h sig.
allowance JEN 59:15; exceptionally in NB:
ba barley ration, oil ration, and wool ration
PN PN qallau ... tuppi mar-bandiUuu ana
PBS 8/1 16:23, also, wr. <sig>.ba (amounting
nadanu kurummatisu u TUG lu-bu-,i-g4 iknuku
to three minas of wool per year) ibid. 22,
(after) PN had given a sealed tablet to his
cf. se.ba i.ba h sig.ba BE 6/2 48:31, PBS
slave PN, concerning his (PN,'s) status as a
8/2 116:10; 8 se.gur 7+x ma.na sig se.
free person and the payment (to the former
ba h sig.ba YOS 8 105:3; in broken
owner) of food rations and (the giving) of
context: [...] sig.ba h i.ba [...] VAS 8
clothing Nbn. 697:4.
9:12 and 10:7; 10 ma.na sig.ba Waterman
Bus. Doc. 70 r. 9, also CT 6 33a:21; 15 ma. b) payable in the form of a garment (OA):
na sa sig.ba sa.gud a.sk 15 minas (of 1 TUG §a lu-bu-di-im §a suhrim one garment
wool) from the clothing allowance of the ox- as clothing allowance for the boy BIN 6 84:30,
herds of the field PBS 8/1 77:8 (tag); cf. one sila of fine oil u lu-bu-sa-am sa suy rim
note wr. TVG.BA: (after list of textiles de- AAA 1 pl. 2 0 No. 2:5; TUG.LI.A ana lu-bu-uS
livered by weavers) MU.TUM 3 US.BAR sa ana suhidre Kienast ATHE 47:21; x pirikannu-
T1G.BA 6 SAL.ME§ DAIr (names follow) innads garments Sa lu-bu-u suare OIP 27 55:1,
nu TCL 1 160:16; 20 ma.na sfg.du tig.ba dupl. BIN 4 162:1; note pirikanni Sa lu-bu-uA
PN TCL 10 104:2 and 4; note: la kurums suhdre lu menuninu lu i-bi-Au lu pirikanni
matum la SIG.BA u la i.BA Kraus AbB 1 138:31 a ana lu-bu-fi-im dannunima - pirikannu-
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lubfilu luduttu
garments as clothing allowance for servants *luddu A (dukdu) s.; (a tree and its edible
or menunianu-garmentsor .... or pirikannu- nuts); NA.
garments which are strong enough to (serve GIA duk-du [x x], GIA duk-du x [x], GI2 duk-du
as servants') clothing BIN 4 78:7 and 10; KI.A = [...] Practical Vocabulary Assur 674ff.
[ . . ]-ti-ru-um ,a lu-bu-gi-im ana [suh]rtim
a) the nuts: baskets with bu-u-na-te
RA 60 111 MAH 19615:33; 3 lu-<bu>-u .suhare
MIN du-uk-di pistachios, ditto with d.-nuts
OIP 27 55:48.
van Driel Cult of Assur 100 x 21; 10 imer kulli
c) payable in silver or staples- 1' in OA: sa GIS duk-di ten homers of d.-nuts(?)
x silver for packaging and donkey harness, (beside kulli Ja butndte) Iraq 14 35:132 (Asn.);
x silver for the kassdru-driver 2 GIN lu-bu-Au 2 BAN GIS duk-di 2 BAN bututte ADD 1036 i 29.
(x silver for donkey feed) VAT 9218:15, also
b) the tree and its wood: GIs duk-du
ibid. 43; 6 GIN lu-bu-Su-nu (referring to
(planted in the royal park) Iraq 14 33:43 (Asn.);
three kassaru-drivers) TCL 19 36:43, 4 GiN
1 mitti duk-di one mittu made of d.-wood
Kt.BABBAR lu-bu-Au-nu (for two slaves)
ADD 978 ii 3, cf. hatti duk-di ibid. 5; 2 kappi
ibid. 43:21, 2 kassri 4 GIN lu-bu-Au-nu
duk-di two bowls of d.-wood Iraq 23 41 ND
COT 3 27a:26, dupl. KTS 38a; x silver be'uldt
2650:4.
PN 2 GIN lu-bu-u y KiU.BABBAR be'ulat PNa
The reading dukdu rather than luddu is
2 GIN lu-bu-u SU+NIGIN x + y KU.BABBAR
now established, see usage a.
be'uldt 4 ka~ssre qadi lu-bu-Mi-.u-nu TCL 19
van Driel Cult of Assur p. 119.
43:23, 25, 28; 1' GfN lu-bu-uS PN TCL 19 36:44,
1 GIN ana lu-bu-us PN TCL 14 6:19; 4 MA. luddu B s.; (mng. unkn.); SB.*
NA URUDU ana lu-bu-us PN TCL 20 97:17, cf.
ICK 1 82:19; 1 GIN Ki.BABBAR a-lu-bu-u PN
i lu-ud-di Aa dLMA (var. DINGIR-ma) j4ti
lusbat and I will seize the 1. of Ninurta(?)
CCT 5 41a:28, cf. RA 60 140, cited mng. 2b.
AnSt 5 102:83 (Cuthean Legend).
2' in OB: 1 gin kh.babbar sig.ba
ludf s.; (an administrative designation of
CT 4 45c:4, cf. CT 2 41:34, BE 6/1 21:2, BE 6/2
afield); OB, MB, NB.
70 r. 2, note also 1 gin kh.babbar sig.ba
UCP 10 131 No. 58:8 (Ishchali).
lu-da-a ul irrigulu-da-a ul issidu they will
not till the 1.-field, they will not reap the
3' in Elam: x silver [ana] ipri[m] u lu- 1.-field VAS 7 67:13f. (OB, from Elam); lu-da-a
bu-Si-im u kupurtim MDP 24 333:15, replaced ana la eresi exemption from cultivating the
by TiaG.NIG.LAM ibid. 332:17. 1.-field BBSt. No. 8 Add. 25 (early NB), cf.
eres lu-de-e tilling the 1.-fields (among the
4' in NB: x suluppic im kasap lu-bu-us u royal corvee duties) MDP 10 pl. 11 i 25 (MB
unitu x dates corresponding in value to the kudurru), cf. also [lu]-da-a Aa arri (in broken
silver (payable) for clothing and the equip- context) BBSt. No. 25:10 (early NB), also (re-
ment (ofa soldier) BE 10 61:14, also 62:10, PBS stored) MDP 6 42 ii 20, see Borger, AfO 23 18;
2/1 162:9, 194:11; idi sidit lu-bu-us u unitu A.SA lu-du-u - 1.-field (designation of a field
PBS 2/1 54:4; in broken context: lu-bu-9i on a MB map) JNES 21 80; PN has received
Evetts Lab. App. 5:7 (Xerxes). wheat (for sowing) ana lu-du-4 GN for the
1.-field of GN BE 14 88:7 (MB); §E.GIS.i lu-
4. clothing ceremony: dull a nibihu Ja da-a (in broken context) PBS 1/2 49:17 (MB
DN DNs u ga lu-bu-uS sa MN u MN 2 work to
let.).
be done on the nibigu-garment of Samas and Probably a field on which specific work
Bunene and for the clothing ceremonies of obligations have to be performed.
Addaru and Nisannu CT 22 13:10, also ibid. 21
F. R. Kraus, David AV 2 22.
(NB let.).
For GCCI 1 242:2, see lubuStu. luduttu see lu'tu B.
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lugalarausf luhummf
lugalarausfi s.; (a court official); lex.*; luhi-a GUDU 4 .U = luh-Su-u Ea V 117, f. [luh-
Sum. Iw. 9a] [ouDU 4 .u] = [luh-§u]-u A V/2:156; [gu-du]
GUDU4 = [pa-Si-Ju], [lu-u]h-A GUDU 4 .U = [lu-uh-
lugal.a.r a.us.sa = §u-t4, mu-ur-te-du-u LUGAL b
.u-t] S I 37f.; [gu-d]u GUDU 4 = pa-li-Ju, [luh]-a
Lu IV 156. GUDU 4 .U = luh-u-u Ea V Excerpt 10'f.; [luh-6a]
[lu]gal-DU-su-u (var. [lugal]-a-Dv-8U-) = x x AN [SIG.LAM.GUDU 4 .U] = luh-.[t-u] A 1/4 C iv 19;
Malku IV 1. sig.bar.ra = vu-u (= sigbarru), luh(var. lu-uh)-
1
For the reading of the Sum., cf. gala. Ju-U, GUDU4.UluJ-h- = MIN Lu IV 101ff.
lugal.ra.is.sa Proto-Lu657.
geram ina ka.adim lu-uh-Su-u ina banduds
For Ur III refs. and the mng. "bodyguard" d[tm] me idtu bit iltim u[bbal] at sunrise
see Oppenheim, Eames Coll. p. 25 n. 47. the 1. brings water in a bucket from the
temple of the goddess RA 35 7 iv 2 (Mari rit.);
*lugalmahhu see lumaghu A. L1U.siG.BAR.RA.MES (read perhaps sigbarrd)
lugl s.; (a door); syn. list.* (beside brewers, cooks, butchers, etc.) UVB
15 40:8 (rit.).
lu-gu-e = MIN (= da-al-tum) CT 18 3 r. ii 15.
For Sum. sig.bar.ra, lit. "with loose
luhamu see luhummd. hair," cf. nun.me sig.bar.ra du8 .a.ni
apkallu pirissu ana warkisu ina wuduurim
luhanerru see SeluhanSerru. (see apkallu lex. section) UET 6 388 r. col. b
11-14 and 389:8ff., for other Sum. refs., see
luhhu s.; (mng. unkn.); SB.* W. G. Lambert, JCS 21 133.
summa martu lu-ha-am sahpat if the gall In Kienast ATHE 67:7, GAL lu-uk-l[u-x]
bladder .... CT 30 16 r. 6 (ext.). may be a designation of a native Anatolian
luhhu see lu'u s. profession. See also discussion sub lukil.
luhhumu adj.; with long hair; lex.*; cf. luhummt (lu imu, luhmi) s.; mud; OB,
lahdmu A. SB; cf. lihmu.
gud.zu-bizubi(PAP+ NA) = luh-[h]u-mu Hh. lu-hu-um-mu lu-hu-um-mu-u (vars.
GI§.MI =
XIII 307. lu-uh-mu-u, lu-hu-mu-u) Diri III 59; [GI§.MI.
igi].mu = lu-hu-um-x i-ni-fial Ugumu Bil. B 5.
*luhhupu (lahhupu) adj.; (mng. uncert.);
ersetum ulid lu-ha-ma lu-hu-mu-u ulid
OA*; cf. luhhupu v.
iSinna the earth brought forth the humus,
3 TUG la-hu-pu-tim a-ni uSeribam now he the humus brought forth the stalk JNES 14
has brought in three 1.-textiles Kienast ATHE 15:2f. (OB inc.), cf. pudum ulid lu-ku-ma-a-
62:8. am lu-hu-mu-um ulid ba-ba YOS 11 26 (unpub.);
The word (see also luhhupu v.) refers to a kima diqdri ina lu-hu-um-me-Ju-nu (var.
technique used in preparing textiles. ruSumtibunu) lispuhkun i Girra ezzu may
raging fire destroy you like pots through
*luhhupu (lahhupu) v.; (to treat textiles
their 1. Maqlu III 172; imid igdra lu-hum-
in a particular way); OA*; cf. luhhupu adj.
ma-a iptaas she leaned against the wall and
Sitti T1TG.HI.A -ld-ha-dp-ma I will .... smeared (it) with mud 4R Add. p. 10 to pl. 56
the rest of the textiles (and they will put i 2 and p. 11 to pl. 56 iii 34, dupls. KAR 239 ii 10,
them on) ICK 1 15:18; 2 TIG.I.A zi-kld-hi- PBS 1/2 113 i 23 (Lamatu); lu-hu-ma-a ip1ud
pu-nim Winkenbach 7:13, cited Veenhof Old (if a pig entering a house) smears [...] with
Assyrian Trade p. 96 n. 158. mud, with comm. lu-u-ma-a puAsu Sa
luhmt see luiummi. imussu - 1. is ordinary smear CT 41 31:32
(Alu Comm.); note as loan word in Sum.:
luhtli s.; (a member of the temple personnel sah lu.hu.um.ma shi.am6 the pig is
concerned with the preparation of offerings); spattered with mud UET 6 300:1 and dupl.,
Mari, SB; wr. syll. and SIG.BAR.RA. see Sjoberg, JCS 21 277.
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oi.uchicago.edu
luhum **lukutu
The refs. wr. GI.MI ini cited sillu mng. 3 For CT 38 10:22 and 40 11:85, see leq mng.
should, on the basis of the Ugumu ref., be lc-l'. In ARM 2 129:16, il-ki/qi seems to
read lubummi2. mean "fell asleep."
Landsberger, JNES 14 18.
lukkuku (or luqququ) v.; (mng. unkn.);
luhumfi see lumm4. gramm.*; II.
tu-lak-kak 5R 45 K.253 iv 19.
luhusinnu (or luhuzinnu) s.; (mng. unkn.);
OA*; foreign word. lukkusu (or lukkusu) v.; (mng. unkn.);
gramm.*; II.
10 ha-ba-sa-tim Sa lu-hu-zi-nim 10 lu-hu-
tu-lak-kds 5R 45 K.253 iv 21, see Peiser, ZA 1 96.
zi-<nu?> si-ri-im (see siru B) BIN 4 118: 2f.
lukkusu see lukkusu.
Luhuf s.; (a name of Nergal, lit. the
terrifying one); OB, SB; wr. syll. and luk§u s.; needles of the cedar(?); SB.*
dLt.HU(.A). ina muhhi 7 niqnaqqa hurdsi mashata u
g
dL.HU dNergal Sa Ki KAR 142 iii 33; lu-uk-u tasarraqma you scatter flour and
summa kibis dLfT.HiU.A ina ali innamir if the cedar needles(?) on the seven golden censers
track of L. is seen in the city CT 38 5:125 (SB RAcc. 119:27, cf. GIS.ERIN.SiG u masshatu
Alu); summa sinnitu ulidma KIR 4 dLIT. ibid. 21; 1 MA.NA rlu-ukl-a4 (among aromat-
HU.A GAR if a woman gives birth and (the ics for Esagila) BM 54060 ii 4' (NB, courtesy
child) has the nose of the god L. Leichty Izbu C. B. F. Walker).
III 27; amt dLu-hu- i-im an omen of L. The proposed translation is based on the
(for context, see bultu mng. 2a) YOS 10 11 iii possible parallel with GIS.ERIN.SIG and Aram.
1 (OB ext.); dLa-az dHa-ia dLf.HUS.A lipturu etymology (luk4d, lugsd "Waldwolle"), see
may Laz, Haja (and) L. give release gurpu Landsberger, Baumgartner AV 194 n. 4.
II 176, cf. (with var. dLT'.HUS UET 6 408:13)
luk~S s.; (a sumptuous garment); syn.
ibid. VIII 26.
list.*
Leichty Izbu p. 56 n. 27.
lu-uk-e-e = MIN (= na-ah-lap-td) i-re-e An VII
luhuzinnu see luhusinnu. 209, of. tig-hu§-§e-e = na-ah-lap-td i-ri Malku
VI 122.
lukannu (a container) see sulukannu. Since the parallel entry in Malku VI 122
is tig-hu.-se-e, which is a loan from Sum.
lukanu adv.; (mng. unkn.); NB.*
tig. hus.a "glittering(?) garment," see Hh.
enna gisru iptatru u amate Sa gisru i-na XIX 173, the text of An VII may be due to a
lu-ka-nu-um-ma ikteld ul umaSSiruSinati now scribal mistake. It cannot be determined
they have dismantled the bridge, and .... what is meant by urd in the explanation, but
they have kept back rafts from the bridge especially in view of the spelling 4-ri in
and have not released them ABL 917:11 (NB). Malku, it is unlikely that "loins" would be
Dietrich Aramrer 144 No. 24 proposes an meant.
emendation to ekanumma. One could also
propose an emendation to ur(!)-ka-nu-um-ma luk'u s.; (a tree); Bogh. lex.*; Sum. lw.
"afterward" (see s.v. amu s.), which, however, lu-ug rGIh.LAM1 = lu-uk-u, lammu, iqdu Diri
supposes an Assyrianism. II App. Bogh. 222aff. (= KUB 3 98:1).
lukkf v.; (mng. uncert.); OA, SB; II. lukurgallu s.; (woman dedicated to the
temple); lex.*; Sum. Iw.
euhurka ana 4-ri-im kI-Ju-ud(text -db) ti&-
[SAL].MElu-kur = nadtu, sugZtu, telitu, [SAL.M]E.
ld-kh jdti tatLetma TCL 20 93:14 (OA); RN
gal - §u-tu Lu IV 23ff.
mu-la-ak-ku aS~iti who .... -s the fierce
AOB 1 134:8 (Shalm. I). **lukuitu (AHw. 562a) see lubustu.
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lulan~ lulitu
lulanfi s.; half-wit, weakling; syn. list.* one of the kings VAB 4 252 i 6 (Nbn.); the
lu-la-nu-u = lil-lu (followed by dunnamu = endu) great gods ina puhur lu-li-me zikir Sumija
Malku IV 46. usarrihu exalted my name in the assembly
See also laldnd B. of the stags Piepkorn Asb. 28 i 9.
lulidanitu see luluddnitu. 2' of gods: dGibil lu-li-mu l[i-x-ki-na]-si

Maqlu IV 143, see AfO 21 76.
lulimtu s.; (mng. uncert.); SB.*
3' other occ.: daldtisina dalati lu-li-mu sa
ki-i lu-lim-ti elmesi maharka luqir may I ereni essis abni I rebuilt their doors, mag-
be as precious to you as a 1. made of elmesu- nificent doors, of cedarwood VAB 4 282 viii 48
stone 4R 59 No. 2 r. 18; kima lu-li-mat hurdsi
(Nbn.).
K.9913: 12.
Possibly an ornament, perhaps in the shape c) representations: 2 siqil lu-li-mu KU.GI
of a deer, see lulimu. a stag-shaped ornament of gold (weighing)
two and one-half shekels YOS 12 157:4 (OB
lulimu s.; 1. red deer, stag, 2. (a constel- list of objects given for a dowry); 1 bibrdi KU.
lation), 3. a name of the planet Saturn; OB, BABBAR lu-lim4 one silver rhyton (in the
EA, SB, Akkadogram in Bogh.; wr. syll. and shape of) a stag EA 41:40; in Hitt.: LU.LIM
LU.LIM. KU.GI von Brandenstein, MVAG 46/1 p. 8 iii 1
lu.lim = lu-lim-mu (var. lu-li-mu) Hh. XIV (= KUB 38 2, see Giiterbock, Or. NS 15 485),
145; lu.lim = lu-li-mu = a-[a-lu] Hg. A II 260, 14 ii 6; LU.LI.IM.MES KUB 15 22:12, cf. KUB
in MSL 8/2 44; lu.lim = lu-li-mu Practical
Vocabulary Assur 354; [kus.lu].lim = ma-Sak 25 18 ii 9 (refs. courtesy H. G. Giiterbock).
lu-li-mu Hh. XI 33.
lu.lim = lu-li-mu (in group with uSumgallu, 2. (a constellation): MUL.LU.LIM SLT 214
malku) Erimhus V 42; dlu.lim = dUDU.IDIM.SAG. vi 9, 236 r. ii 5 (OB Forerunner to Hh.); MUL.
uv Saturn Antagal G 307. LU.LIM = dEn-me-Sdr-ra 5R 46 No. 1:21; for
lu-li-mu = sar-ru Malku I 3.
descriptions in the series MUL.APIN, see
1. red deer, stag - a) in gen.: libkika asu Weidner Handbuch p. 36:31ff., 38:31, Gossmann,
busu nimru minddnu lu-li-mu (var. lu-lim-mu) SL 4/2 No. 248, Schaumberger, ZA 50 221.
dumdmu may bear, hyena, panther, tiger,
3. a name of the planet Saturn: see
stag and cheetah bewail you Gilg. VIII i 16,
Antagal, in lex. section; summa MUL.LU.LIM
see JCS 8 92; nesu barbaru LU.LIM u bii[su]
ana MUL.MUL ikSud ... dUDU.BAD.SAG.US
lion, wolf, red deer and hyena CT 22 48:7 (sar
dZappa KUR-ma if L. reaches the Pleiades
tamhari), see BoSt 6 86; sA-ap-pa-ri lu-li-me
(explanation:) Saturn reaches the Pleiades
K.8414:22; MAS.DA is-rat sA-a-ri lu-li-ma
K.6211:1 and dupls., cf. ,umma MUL.LU.LIM
[...] CT 46 46:3 and dupl. CT 13 43 K.4470
adir LBAT 1553:19, and passim in astrol.
ii 4; rimi [z]I.[GA] LU.LIM ZI.GA wild bull,
get an erection! stag, get an erection! Biggs
8aziga 13 ii 14 (inc. catalog); summa qaqqad lulitu s.; arrowhead; NB; Aram. lw.
LU.LIM sakin if he has the head of a stag
56 I siltahu akkad ina libbi 26 lu-li-i-ti
Kraus Texte 2a r. 26'; lu-li-mu (in broken
parzilli 116 GI siltahu gimirraja ina <libbi>
context) ZA 4 251 K.9117:9.
46 lu-li-i-ti parzilli 56 Akkadian arrows,
b) used as epithet - 1' of kings: see 26 of them with iron heads, 116 Cimmerian
ErimhusV, Malku, in lex. section; RN migir arrows, 46 of them with iron heads (among
ill rabiti lu-li-mu erSu Sennacherib, the one equipment for eight archers) TCL 12 114:7
favored by the great gods, the wise stag and 9, see Ebeling, ZA 50 207 n. 3; 200 GI siltahu
OIP 2 85:2, 117:2; mukin kitti lu-li-mu ~ipi gimirrajaina libbi 184 lu-li-ti siparri YOS 6
etellu darri (Nabonidus) who establishes 237:2, also ibid. 14.
justice, the glorious stag, the outstanding von Soden, Or. NS 35 14.
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**lulitum lulf A
**lulitum (AHw. 562b) see letu mng. 2b. he provided her with as much beauty and abun-
dance as the fruit of a garden JTVI 26 154 ii 16ff.
luliu see lulu B.
[matdtun]i la-le-e-si-na I-la-al-la
u iqabbl
lullakku s.; (a beer jug); lex.*; Sum. lw. it will provide our two countries with hap-
dug.lahtan.gid.da, dug.lahtan.lul.la = piness so that they will say (...) EA 29:133
lul-la-ku Hh. X 9f. (let. of Tusratta); uzni irulckuniti qdtieunu
lullfk adj.; abundant, beautiful; MB, SB; i-lal-li he granted them skill and happy
cf. lalani A, lali A, lalitu, lullu v., lulu A. hands (so that they made that piece of
jewelry shining) Cagni Erra IIb 20; Sa dli
a) in gen.: akal ali lul-lu-u(var. -u) ul baltaSu kirdte 4-lal-la (see bastu mng. 3b)
ubbala kamin tumri the plentiful bread of
ZA 53 237:4 (hymn to Borsippa); a statue of
the city does not measure up to bread baked
alabaster sa epSetusu ana dagdli lu-ul-la-a
in ashes Cagni Erra I 57; ina saptiga lul-la-a
whose workmanship gives pleasure to look
ukdl sarrati (obscure) En. el. IV 72. at Iraq 24 94:37 (Shalm. III).
b) referring to persons: ana belija as-mi Lullubfi see Lallub.
lu-ul-li-i mu-ta-a[l(?)-li(?)] BE 17 24:1 (MB
let.). lullubfitu s.; (a plant); lex.*
In RA 53 130 (= STT 65) 38, read lu li-i- gi.nunuz SAR = lul-lu-bu-ti = hi-du-hi-a-[x]
mu-ta e-du, see Deller, Or. NS 34 460. IHg. D 257, in MSL 10 106.
lullf s.; man; OB, SB; Sum. Iw.; wr. lulmf s.; ring, earring; SB.*
syll. and Lj.Ux(GISGAL).LU. [KT].GAN.MI = lu-u[l-mu-u] Hh. XI 297.
la-ul-mu-u = an-sa-a[b-ti] Malku VIII 24;
a) in gen.: attima gassiru bdniat awillti lu-ul-mu-u = an-sa-ab-tum Uruanna III 184.
bi-ni-ma lu-ul-la-a libil apcanam you are
the birth-goddess, who creates mankind: Summa martu kima lul-mi-i if the gall
bladder is like a 1. CT 30 12 Rm. 480:9, dupl.
create the 1., that he may bear the yoke
Lambert-Millard Atra-hasis 56 I 195, also 54 G ii 15:7, also (with comm. kima an-sa-ab-ti)
CT 28 46:14 (all SB ext.).
9 (OB), cf. libnima LTJ.Ux.[LU-a] ibid. 56 V 4,
also ibid. 2 (SB); lugzizma LU.Ux.LU-a (var. The proposed meaning is based on the
lul-la-a) lu amelu ,umsu lubnima LT.Ux.LU-a equivalence in the syn. lists, which is also
amelu [...] I will bring into being a t., let quoted by the cited commentary. In the
"man" be his name, I will create the 1.-man Hh. XI entry, the Sum. means "black anti-
En. el. VI 6f.; episumma lul-la-a gipir sin. mony" (see luld B) and the restoration as-
niMti show him, the 1., (your) feminine wiles sumes a loan from Sum. lulu(Ki.GAN).mi;
Gilg. I iv 13, cf. ibid. 19. this entry, if correct, may have nothing to do
with the refs. to (ear)ring.
b) lulld-amelu: imursuma samhat lul-la-a
amela the prostitute saw the I.-man (i.e., lulu A s.; splendor, glamor, abundance;
Enkidu) Gilg. I iv 6; LU.Ux.LU-i LU e-tel(?) SB; cf. laldnd A, lali A, lalitu, lul adj.
Gilg. X vi 35; see also En. el. VI 7, cited and v.
usage a. a) said of gods: sa kuzbu za'nu u lu-la-a
Loan word from Sum. luh.lux(G GAL) mald (Zababa) who is covered with attrac-
"man." tiveness and filled with glamor Or. NS 36
W. G. Lambert, JSS 12 105. 122:96 (Gula hymn); a kuzbu usi za'natu
lu-le-e maldtu (Nan.) who is covered with
lulltf v.; to provide with beauty, happiness,
attractiveness and joy, who is full of glamor
pleasure; EA, SB; cf. laldnu A, lall A,
Borger Esarh. 77 § 49:1.
lalitu, lull4 adj., luld A.
gurun.GI.SAR.ginx(cIM) nig.la.la im.mi. b) said of buildings: arsipu u.aklilu lu-
in. gar : kima inib kiri ana AdSi la-le-e u-lal-li-.i le-e umall I constructed, completed, and
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lul B luludanitu
filled (the palace) with abundance Borger
Esarh. 62 vi 36, cf. ibid. 116 iii 11, Streck Asb. 248:3,
(OB); 5 MA.NA lu-li-U BE 7 MA.NA lu-li-i
PN ki ndmurte uqarribuni five minas of old(?)
9a
also (said of the bit reidti) 88 x 104, (said of antimony, seven minas of antimony, which
the akitu-house) Thompson Esarh. pl. 17 v 49 PN brought as a gift KAJ 274: 10f. (MA).
(Asb.); Emalma ... kaspa burdsa uza'in
lu-le-e umalli I covered Emasmas with silver b) in making glass: x GoN lu-lu-u (for
and gold and filled it with splendor Thompson making duz-colored glass) Oppenheim Glass §
Esarh. pl. 14 ii 8 (Asb.), cf. VAB 4 152:46 (Nbk.);
19:21= § O:11, cf. GiN KU.[GAN] ibid. § Q
ana tabrdti usepigma ana dagal kidsat nii v 19' (SB); note the cryptographic writing
lu-le-e uwmallida I had (this temple) made - <GIN) KiT.AM ibid. § i 2, sin siqil KIT.AM
to be admired and filled it with splendor, to § ii 5, also KiT.AM la tuqarrab § iv 35 (MB).
be looked at by all people VAB 4 118 ii 53, 138 c) in med.: Ki.GAN (in medical pre-
ix 32, 128 iii 64, cf. (referring to gates) ibid. 132 vi scriptions) Kocher BAM 237 i 45, AMT 15,6:12,
21, (to the processional boat) 156:30, 160:40, (beside white and black frit) AMT 16,3:5;
PBS 15 79 ii 26 (all Nbk.); (the palace) ana KIT.GAN sa nappdhi AMT 26,2 i 8; Ki.GAN
bitre lu-le-e umalligu Winckler Sar. pl. 48:18, NITA U SAL AMT 36,1:10; NA4 lu-lu-u RA 54
cf. OIP 2 128 vi 38 (Senn.). 174 AO 17617:3 (list of drugs).
The passages quoted AHw. 562b sub lul Thompson DAC 71; Oppenheim Glass pp. 19,
21, 54, 79 and n. 40.
I 1 from Susa are here considered to represent
not the substantive luld but the precative liilu s. fem.; (mng. unkn.); OB.*
first person sing. of eld, and the legal phrase lu-i-lu kaluia nadnat all 1. is sold(?)
containing it, e.g. PN ... ana me illakma CT 29 13:23 (OB let.).
ina me luli DN qaqqassu limrhas can be trans- Unlikely to be a variant of lull B "anti-
lated "if PN goes to the river ordeal, may
mony."
I come up from the water, but may DN
strike his head" MDP 22 1:15, etc., because luludanitu (lulidanitu) s.; (a multicolored
in the texts from Susa the verb eld appears stone); MB, SB.
frequently in connection with water ordeal a) description: [abnu .ikinu kima sdmti
(see eld v. mngs. 2c-3' and 9f.). m]uddari hulal pappardili abnu NA4 lu-lu-
da-ni-ti gumSu the stone whose appearance
lulu B (luliu) s.; antimony; OA, OB, MB, is like the .... -red stone, the pappardild-
MA, SB; wr. syll. and KU.GAN (crypto- hulalu-stone, this stone is called 1. K.4751:8,
graphic: Ku.AM, see usage b). see JCS 21 154 n. 77, cf. [abnu Sik]inSu kima
[KU].GAN = lu-[lu-u] Hh. XI 296; [i KI].GAN : NA4 .NIR NA4 .MUS.GiR NA4 lu-lu(m)-da-ni-tum
fr lu-lu-u (followed by lulitu, .adidu) Uruanna
III 477.
SumSu STT 108:14; [abnu .ikin]u suma
an.kfr (var. an.kur.kur) za.ra si hu.mu. pmsa sulma edih NA4 lu-lu(m)-da-ni-turm umsu
ni.in.biuru NA4.Ki.GAN.9e (var. omits NA4 ) (see edehu) ibid. 15 (series abnu ikinAu).
n .a : ana mug-tap-tu-ti-ka qar-nd li-sal-lit-ka-ma
a-na lu-le-e na-an-di for your treachery may he b) uses: 7 IGI NA4.BABBAR.DIL adi 1 lu-li-
(the skilled man) cut your horns (i.e., humiliate da-ni-tum i zii [...] seven beads of pappars
you), (O obsidian) be used for (cutting?) antimony dill-stone together with one 1. inlaid [in
Lugale XII 38. gold(?)] PBS 13 80:18 (MB inv.); NA4 lu-lu-
tr lu-lu-u : r [MIN (= zi-bu-u)] Uruanna I 318.
da-ni-ti ... kimilti IStar pacdri - 1. (and
a) in gen.: ana lu-li-i-kd ana 1 biltim other stones for a charm) to conciliate the
20 MA.NA.TA iIlulu concerning your anti- anger of Istar K.6282+ i 4, dupl. Kocher BAM
mony, they have withheld twenty minas per 375 i 6, see Studies Landsberger 333; NA 4 lu-lu-
talent KTS 7a:4 (OA); 1,15 IGI.GUB da lu- da-ni-ti (among other stones, to pulverize
li-im 75 is the coefficient for antimony and mix into a salve) AMT 102:31, restored
(between copper and bronze) MDP 34 27:55 from K.11578, etc.
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luludandf lumakku
c) in lit.: [sami e]ltu NA4 lu-lu-da-ni-tum lu-ma-a (in broken context) KUB 3 16 r.
sa Anim the upper heaven (is made) of 1., 4, 21:31, see BoSt 9 142ff.
it belongs to Anu AfO 19 110:20 (astrol.), also
KAR 307:30. lumaihhu A s.; 1. (a priest of high rank),
2. (a purification priest); SB; Sum. 1w.;
luludan1 s.; (a profession); lex.* wr. syll. and LT.MAH.
ku , PA+USAN = lu-lu-da-nu-u Lu IV 341f. l1-mah-hu, .d-an-gam-ma-hu (var. dim-mah-hu)
- pa-i-6u Malku IV 4f.
lulumtu A (luluntu) s.; (a cloak worn on
campaigns); OAkk., Mari. 1. (a priest of high rank): [al-na bit epri
TPG (var. omits) lu-lu-un-tum = na-ah-lap-ti sa grubu andku asbu gnu u lagarru asbu
se-ri, MIN ta-ha-zi An VII 205f., also Malku VI 118f. idippu u li-mah-hu in the house of dust (i.e.,
10 TUG lu-lu-um-tumru.nir (weighing the nether world) which I entered there are
43 minas) 9i0-Kizilyay-Salonen Puzri5-Dagan- the high priest and the lagarru-priest,there
Texte 540:2; sarrum lu-lu-um-tam iltabbas are the i sib-priest and the 1.-priest Gilg.
warki kale ina kussi malahi ... uSSab the VII iv 47.
king puts on the 1. and he sits down on
a boatman's chair behind the kald-singers 2. (a purification priest): L.MAH ...
RA 35 2 ii 8 (Mari rit.). gizilli rabi ... ina iMat kibrit iqddamma the
1.-priest lights a big torch from a sulphur fire
lulumtu B (luluntu, luluttu) s.; (a plant); RAcc. 119:28, cf. LU.MAH ina bandudde (in
SB. broken context) ibid. 91:2, see also lex.
t a-ra-ru tam-lid (= tambil) : U lu-lu-tit (var. section.
lu-lum-[tum]) SA5 Uruanna I 281; U lu-lu-td (vars.
lu-lum-tum, lu-lu-un-tum) : 6 a-ra-an-td Uruanna The Gilg. ref. cited mng. 1 preserves the
I 140. meaning "priest of high rank," attested in
U lu-lum-tum : U ZU.GIG.GA.KAM : ana Sum., OAkk., and OB, see Renger, ZA 59126ff.,
muhhi sinni Sakdnu -1. is an herb for tooth- while in the late synonym list and RAcc. the
ache, to put on the tooth CT 14 23 K.259:4, lumahhu appears as a lower ranking cultic
dupl. Kocher BAM 1 i 4; zer U lu-lum-ti tasdk functionary. This word has been separated
you crush 1.-seeds (for a potion) Kocher from lumakku (lummakku) on the basis of the
BAM 92 iii 3; PA lu-lum-ti leaf(?) of 1. ibid. latter's spelling with double m and the differ-
171:132. ent rank of the priest.
luluntu see lulumtu. lumahhu B (lummdhu) s.; chief, chieftain;

syn. list*; Sum. lw.
luluttu see lulumtu B.
ld-mah-hu = si-i-bu (after synonyms for abu)
Malku I 118; lum-ma-hu =- ar-ru LTBA 2 2:32.
luliitu s.; (an animal?); EA.
For the log. LU.MAI in NA, NB, see siru A.
1 qarnu lu-lu-tum KT.GI uhtuz one rhyton
Renger, ZA 59 127 n. 644.
covered with gold (in the shape of) a 1.
(preceded by qarnu rimi) EA 25 iii 46f. lumakku (lummakku) s.; (a priest); lex.*
For lu-lu-ti, a mineral, see alulitu, and gud 4 .tur.ra = lu-ma-ak-ku Lu Excerpt I 200;
add the refs. NA 4 lu-lu-ti Kocher BAM 179:3, u1.gdudgu-a.t
4 ur.ra = lu-[ma-ak]-ku Igituh
195:6, 313 Aix 6. short version 206; 16.gud 4 .zi.ni.Se.ku 4 .ra =
lu-um-m[a-ak-ku] OB Lu C::3, in MSL 12 195.
lum (lima, liwd) particle; (mng. unkn.);
Bogh. On the basis of the Sum. equivalent gudu4 .
tur.ra, lumakku denotes a junior age or
si-i §I = li-ma-[a] A V13:145, see MSL 4 195; lower rank, cf. nar.tur = hallatuddil, etc.
i - lu-ma-a NBGT I 411, a, e, ul = li-ma-a ibid.
412-414; Ii - lu-ma-a, li-ma-a, li-g-a NBGT IX
The restoration [sa-ak]-ku in Antagal K
48-50. proposed MSL 12 143 v 1' and ibid. note is pref-
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luman luma u
erable to [lu-m]a-ak-ku proposed guzallu 1. (one of several stars whose heliacal
lex. section. risings fall at or near the solstices or equi-
Renger, ZA 59 127 n. 644. noxes, and which therefore serve to divide
luman interj.; the year): 7 lu-ma-si (referring to seven
now, alas(?); OB, Bogh.,
SB. such stars) CT 26 45:10, also, wr. [7 lu-m]a-Si
ibid. 41 v 18, see Weidner Handbuch pp. 16 and 19.
a .~e = lu-ma-an (in group with ullu, anummu,
summan) Erimhus II 279, also (with var. a.es, 2. (poetic term for star): Sam Sapliti
in group with anumma, la matar) Erimhus V 151;
NA 4 aSpu Sa MUL(var. adds .MES) lu-ma-Si
a.se = i-nim-ma, lu-man, a-nu-um-ma NBGT IX
4.
275ff., and note = la-ma-an (see laman) ZA 9 Sa DINGIR.MES ina muhhi esir the lower
159 ii 17 (group voc.); e.bi.se = lu-m[a-an] heaven is (made) of aspc-stone, it is that
Erimhus Bogh. C ii 21'; [x].e = lu-ma-an Proto- of the stars, he (Marduk) drew the 1. of
Diri 593e-g; 1h.en.na = lu-ma-an NBGT IV 28; the gods on it KAR 307:33 (SB rel.), see
nu.us = lu-ma-an AN.TA NBGT II 15.
JCS 21 154; MUL.MES tamsili[sunu is]iru lu-
na 4 a.se.ga bi.dug 4 .ga.ginx(GIM) : abnu a
ki lu-man anaku t[aqbu] Lugale XI 20, cf. a.se
ma-a-[si] they drew the 1.-s, as the likeness
g a.e u.na.ni.in.[dus] : [lu]-ma-an (var. a-nu- of the stars AfO 17 89:5 (Enuma Anu Enlil);
u[m-ma]) andku ammarasu now I want to see him MUL.ME§ tamsilSunu lu-ma-si usziz he set up
ibid. IX 10; a.se ama.mu(var. .ga) li mu.na. the 1.-s as the likeness of the stars En. el. V 2;
ab.[be ] : lu-man ana ummi[ja iqabbi]ma now he
uszizuma ina birisunu lu-ma-Sd (var. lu-ma-
says to her, "Oh, my mother" (translat. of Sum.)
Gilg. XII 145, i.ne.es ab.lal.kur.ra gal t.bi. su) isten they set up between them a 1.-star
in.tak 4 : lu-man takkap [erseti tepette] if only En. el. IV 19; epsu pika li'abit lu-ma-su (var.
you would open (Sum.: and now after opening) the lu-ma-a-sum) tir qibisumma lu-ma-u liSlim
window of the nether world Gilg. XII 79, but by your command let the 1.-star be destroyed,
ab.ll.kur.ra gal im.ma.an.tak4 : (lu-man
takkap erseti iptema ibid. 83 (Sum. version cour- speak to it again, so that the 1. may be
tesy A. Shaffer); nu.us ba.an.z[e.e]m.ma : reestablished En. el. IV 23f., cf. ibid. 25f.; lu-
lu-man inan[din]a SBH p. 14 r. 5f.; a.se.na.an. ma(var. adds -a)-se tamSil sitir §umija esiq
me.da : lu-ma-an la [ni-a-ti] OBGT I 487. serussun I engraved upon them (my stelas
la ma-tar, lu-ma-anman = MIN (= [...]) Malku
and prisms) the 1.-stars, which correspond
III 85.
to my written name Borger Esarh. 28:10;
a) in gen.: see Gilg. XII, Lugale, in lex. ina szitn u silan L.MAS-,i uSzizma harrdnu
section; for lu-u-ma-an KBo 1 11 r.(!) 12f. (- mala[ku(?) i]sruksunuma [...] at sunrise
ZA 44 120), see lu mng. 3c-2'. and sunset he (Marduk) placed the 1.-s and
b) luman la: see OBGT, in lex. section; granted(?) them(?) a path Craig ABRT 1 31:9;
lu-ma-an la kati minid [...] PBS 1/1 2 ii 33a andku annanna Sa a-[n]a(?) lu-ma-si-ku-nu
(OB lit.). sitkunu panua I, so-and-so, whose face is
Translation based on Sum. i.ne. ~ "now," set toward your 1.-stars (i.e., of the stars
(cf. also the var. anumma Lugale IX 10) and of the ecliptic) STT 73:95, see JNES 19 34;
a.se ... dug4/e, possibly a rhetorical limuru ... L1i.MAS-5i apsil danninu may the
question. A use as irrealis particle is suggested I.-stars, the aps, the nether world see (the
by the Sum. h6.en.na in NBGTIV 28. In works of Marduk) ibid. 30:37.
Gilg. XII 83, luman is either a mistake, 3. zodiacal constellation: MU dLU.MAS
attracted by line 79, or is also to be trans- ina x SAG Surrf ad dlu-ma-Si usarrdi TCL 6
lated "now." 20:14, cf. 12 dlu-ma-&i uqatta ibid. 13, lu-
lumsu s.; 1. (one of several stars whose maS a same gabbi ibid. 11, etc., cf. also lu-
heliacal risings fall at or near the solstices ma-sz gabbi ibid. 11:2, 9, 20; lu-ma-9u da ITI-
and equinoxes, and which therefore serve to zi DIB-iq-ma RA 62 53:5; arM Sa bibbi u lu-
divide the year), 2. (poetic term for star), ma-gi (in broken context) LBAT 1616:19 (all
3. zodiacal constellation; SB, LB; wr. syll. LB astrol.); for lu-mad as zodiacal sign in LB
and LU.MA§ or LP.MAS(-~i). see Neugebauer ACT p. 481 b, Sachs, JCS 6 71.
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lume lummunu
For AAA 19 108:5 see Seux, RA 63 180. mul.da.mul(var. .mu) = AU-u, lum-mu-u
Weidner, AfO 7 175; Borger, AfO 19 113; (vars. lu-um-mu-u, lu-hu-mu-), hammu, ajar iii
Landsberger and Kinnier Wilson, JNES 20 170f. (preceded by ettitu spider) Hh. XIV 340a-341ff.
lume particle; would that; RS.* summa MUL.DA.MUL [imur] if he sees a

spider(?) AfO 18 72 K.2244:8 (SB omens).
u lu-u-me-e libulumma la tu.ebbala u abna
kdmma la tanalsima la tugebbala u libbau .a
Sarri ana muhhika lu la tumalla would that lummudu (lammudu) adj.; instructed, ex-
you not send at all and not collect and send perienced, broken in; NA; cf. lamddu.
such a stone, so that you do not fill the heart gis.apin.zu.zu = lum-mu-du, gi§.apin.nu.
of the king (with anger) against you MRS 9 zu.zu = la-a KI.MIN Hh. V 119f.; [amar.zu].zu
222 RS 17.383:23. = lum-mu-d[u], [amar.nu.zu.zu] = [la lummudu]
Hh. XIII 350f.
lummhu see lumahhu B. a) instructed: since one of them entered
into GN a-ki dib-bi lam-ma-du-u-ti according
lummakku see lumakku.
to the words instructed(?) ABL 222 r. 3.
lummu s.; (a small pot); NA.* b) experienced, broken in: see (said of a
lu-um DUG, si-i DUG = lu-um-mu A V/1: 120f.; calf) Hh. XIII, (said of a plow) Hh. V, in lex.
[lu-u]m DUG, s[i]-i DUG = lu-um-[mu] Ea V 27f.; section.
[lu-um] DUG.DUG = lu-um-mu Diri V 250, of. DUG.
DUG = lum-mu, na-a-pa-kum Proto-Diri 418f.; lummunu (lammunu, fem. lummuntu) adj.;
dug.lu-umDUG = lu-um-mu (var. vu-mu) Hh. X 142;
1. evil, miserable, unfavorable, unpropitious,
dug.udul.tur = se-eh-ru, lum-mu, [...] Hh. X
50ff.; [dug.udul.tur] = lum-mu = ma-al-tu-t 2. of poor condition or quality; OA, OB,
Tru Hg. A II 105, in MSL 7 112; lu-um LUM = SB; cf. lemenu.
lu-um-mu A V/1: 64, hu-um LUM- =lu-um-mu hul.hul = gu-u[l-lu-lu-um], lu-mu-nu-um
ibid. 23; li-i NI // lum-mu// [...] A II/1 Comm. 8'. OBGT XI iv 12f.
10000 DUa lu-um-mu a sarhi ten thousand 1. evil, miserable, unfavorable, unpropi-
small pots with sarhu-dish (for the royal tious - a) evil, miserable: ula niqiam
banquet) Iraq 14 35:117 (Asn.). eriska ula sulum pani ukallimka <ina(?)>
li-bi4 -ka ld-mu-nim ina kdsim u pasiirim
lummu v.; (mng. uncert.); SB. immahria tuktanni I have neither asked you
tu-la-a-ma 5R 45 K.253 ii 25. for a sacrifice nor showed you an angry
aban gabi tu-lam ana libbi GIG taakkan face - (despite) your evil heart you have
tasammid you .... alum, put it on the sick been treated to drinks and meals with me
spot (and) bandage (it) AMT 16,5 ii 7; CCT 4 9b:13 (OA let.); itti libbiSu lum-mu-ni
[GAB].LAL tu-la-am tasammid you .... wax AM imtallik with his miserable heart he took
and apply it as a bandage AMT 75,1 iii 21; counsel AnSt 6 150:11 and 16, cf. [ana lib]:
TUG.GADA LAL SUD tu-lam UGU .inni.u ... bija lum-mu-ni kiam aqbi ibid. 152:45; ana
takdr you sprinkle a linen cloth with honey, irA Seri u Sikari reti lum-mu-nu zimiisu his
you .... , you rub his gums(?) (until blood face is emaciated from craving for meat and
comes out) Kocher BAM 159 v 12, cf. AMT 25,6 fine beer AnSt 6 150:8 (Poor Man of Nippur);
ii 12. summa lu-um-mu-un if he is ill-tempered(?)
Possibly a variant to lamamu "to chew," CT 41 21:27.
note, in similar context, tulammam, see
b) unfavorable, unpropitious: Siru lum-
lamdmu A mng. 2.
mu-un the omen is completely unfavorable
lummu see lammu A. CT 31 39 ii 22, cf. [HAR].BAD lum-mu-na-at
the extispicy is unfavorable RA 61 35:15 (SB);
lummfl (luhum4l) a.; (a spider or snail); [pa]rda unatujalum-mu-na A.M[E§-ia] JRAS
SB*; wr. MUL.DA.MUL. 1929 282:6; urhu lu-mu-nu .akin[um]
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lummunu lumnu
(opposite: damqum) Kraus Texte 62:8' (OB); lummunu-amelu s.; unfortunate man;
egirrdja lum-mu-nu la SuteSuru my reputa- SB*; cf. lemenu.
tion is bad, beyond salvaging LKA 139:21, etlu mar Nippuri katd u lapnu PN zikraSu
dupl. LKA 140:11 and JRAS 1929 283:4. lum-mu-nu-a-me-lu there was a man, a
2. of poor condition or quality - a) in citizen of Nippur, poor and humble, by the
gen.: as to the gods and goddesses (living in name of PN, an unfortunate man AnSt 6
the damaged temple) alputtagunu lu-mu- 150:2.
un-ti (var. lum-mun-ti) uddig I made re- See also lemnu-amelu.
pairs to their deteriorated condition Borger
lummu.u adj.; (describing eyes); SB.
Esarh. 23 Ep. 32 iv 13.
dam-qd-mi-nam = Sd IGIH-SJ4 lu-um-mu-su
b) defining a quality of copper (OA only): (var. LUMum-mu-8u) Izbu Comm. 41.
44 MA.NA URUDU dammuqam j MA.NA AN.NA Probably a misinterpretation ofh ummusu,
isser PN PN 2 iu ... u andku 40 MA.NA URUDU see damqam-inam.
ld-mu-nam 2 subate ukdl PN owes to PN2
44 minas of copper of good quality (and) lummuttu s.; misfortune; OB*; cf.
one-half mina of tin, but I hold forty minas lemenu.
of copper of bad quality (and) two garments lu-mu-tum irteneddigu misfortune will
(as a pledge) TCL 21 200:11; 21 GUN URUDU persecute him Kraus Texte 62 r. 2, cf. lu-mu-
SIG 5 4 MA.NA URUDU ld-mu-nam ... addin tum mahras[su] (both in opposition to
I gave two and one-half talents of fine quality dummuqtum) ibid. 10.
copper (and) four minas of copper of bad
quality BIN 4 172:2; la ba'abdtim
lumnann adj.; prone to misfortune; SB*;
UvUDU
ld-mu-nam tezibam you have left to me none cf. lemenu.
of the outstanding deliveries (of silver) (but) umma imitta tirku lum-na-ni if there is a
copper of bad quality TCL 14 39:10, cf. a black spot on the right (side of a man's
URUDU Id-mu-nam ahama ezibSum CCT 5 face), he is prone to misfortune (opposite:
46a:19; 5 MA.NA AN.NA ... ana PN ana 30 laldni, q.v.) CT 28 29:14, cf. ibid. 18 (physiogn.).
MA.NA.TA [URU]DU Id-mu-nim addium I lumnu s.; 1. misfortune, evil fate, 2. ill
gave PN five minas of tin for thirty minas portent, 3. catastrophe, harm, 4. misdeed,
of copper of bad quality per (mina of tin) evil, 5. (a name of Mars); OB, MB, EA,
Kienast ATHE 38:17, cf. umma attama mala MA, SB, NA, NB; pl. lumndni (ABL 1308: 10);
URUDU SIGs U ld-mu-NAM ibaiu tertaka wr. syll. and HUL; cf. lemenu.
lillikam URUDU ld-mu-num ibassi anadammus lu.hul.nu.tuk = a i-na l[u-um-nim] la i-ba-
qim uqa'auma(!) thus you (wrote), "Your a§-Su-i OB Lu B ii 27; mul.bul = lum-num =
report on how much copper of good or bad dsal-[bat-a-nu] Hg. B VI 30.
quality is available should come to me" - su.bi.a.kex(KD) hul.lu.bi li.li.a : lum-nu
only copper of bad quality is available, I wait dalhu 4a zumri4u that the disturbing evil of his
body (may be peeled off like the skin of this onion)
for it to be refined Jankowska KTK 21:20, Surpu V-VI 40f.; hul nam.tag.ga su.na gal.
cf. x URUDU ld-mu-num (owed by PN) la.na : lum-na arnaina zumrifu is-ku-ni they (the
RA 58 56 Sch. 2:1, cf. also Hecker Giessen 49:3, demons) have placed evil, sin in his body CT 16
and passim in OA. 2:49, restored from dupl. CT 17 47.
muS-ta-nu-u = lum-nu Izbu Comm. 360; ngL.
c) describing stars: [iumma MUL].JZ GAL // l[um-nu] EA 295:16; uv = Sa-la-lu : ana
Jarirus lum-mu-nu if the brightness of du-un-qu u lum-nu qa-ba-a CT 41 39:5 (iqqur ipug
comm., see Labat Calendrier § 1:7 and p. 59 n. 8).
Lyra is obscured ACh Supp. 2 119:50 (coll.),
cf. Jumma MUL.ZUBI lum-mun (var. -mu-un) 1. misfortune, evil fate - a) in gen.:
ibid. 78:9, var. from ibid. 84:8, also K.3780 i 9, gimil lu-um-ni-im imtida dumma dajdni GN
Jumma UL.GUD.AN.NA UL.ME§-i lum-mu-nu ana gimil dumqim gi[m]il fluml-nim [utarr]u
K.230:14, see also lumun libbi mng. 3. ezenni ungratefulness has become too much,
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lumnu lumnu
if the judges of GN intend to requite a good 39 1:79, cf. patdr HUL Labat Calendrier § 7:12,
turn with a bad one, I shall become angry and passim; a-Sar HUL (with gloss) lum-ni
TCL 17 36:16f. (OB let.), cf. PN ... ana pan AMT 100,3:19.
gimil dumqi gimil lu-um-ni irtibam PN has
c) in prayers: ilu ... i'ilti lipturu rikista
repaid me with evil for good ARMT 13 97:7,
lisappihu kisir lum-ni liparrirukasita liram
cf. also ul tabi eli Samad irdbsu lu[m-n]u it
mi mamit lipturu may the gods release the
is not pleasing to Samas, he will repay him
bond, disperse the conspiracy, break the
with evil Lambert BWL 100: 60; sarri kala
knot of evil, loosen the fetters, release the
lum-nu suhuzuu agu la igu i-RI-tic they are
oath Surpu IV 69, cf. [x] lemutti sutuqu kisir
making him (the poor man) suffer every evil
lum-ni patdri KAR 223 r. 5; patdr lum-ni
like a criminal because he has no protec-
upsuhu uzzu pussus kisirlum-ni Ea ittikama
tion(?) Lambert BWL 88:285 (Theodicy); Sa it is in your power, Ea, to dissolve evil, to
za'iri tusahmat lum-nam tusnassaq damquti
calm down rage, to untie the knot of evil
la mina tugadmaq for the evildoer, you
CT 23 1:13f., cf. kisir iHUL suptir Schollmeyer
(Marduk) hasten misfortune, you choose the
No. 31:6; littarid lum-ni may my ill fortune
righteous (and) give them good fortune
be driven out OECT 6 pi. 13 r. 10; muSdtiq lum-
without end AfO 19 63:47 (SB prayer).
ni hiti[ti] (Anu) who averts the evil (caused
by my) sins Ebeling Handerhebung 34:8; lum-
b) in apodoses of omens: lu-um-nu Ati u
ni tabalma dumqa surka take away the evil
tehhisu isabbat misfortune will seize him and
that affects me, grant me favor BMS 19 r. 23,
those around him AfO 18 64:36 (OB physiogn.);
see Ebeling Handerhebung 22; [s]i lum-nu erba
lum-nu ina mdti issakkan misfortune will
[dumqu] go away, evil! enter, favor! KAR 298
occur in the country Leichty Izbu IV 35;
r. 2, see AAA 22 70, cf. si rdbisi lum-ni erba
Sarru lum-na immar the king will experience
rabisi dumq[i] AfO 18 111:19; lum-ni limus
disaster Kraus Texte 6 r. 5, of. mitu Ji lum-
rannima puzra limid ina libbi lum-ni ana
nam immar CT 39 10b:21, cf. also, wr. HUL
HUL-tim aj abbalkit when misfortune sees me,
CT 38 35:54, ina bi-ki-(ti> HUL immar ibid.
may it hide itself, may I not fall from one
44:15; HUL-4 sa-dir his misfortune will be
evil into another one Dream-book 342:10f.;
constant CT 39 46:59 (SB Alu), cf. ina biti
Sammu annuti lip-si-fsul lum-ni may these
GI.NAk-ni HUL in the house constant (lit.
plants erase(?) the evil that affects me
establishment of) misfortune CT 28 28:13
CT 23 36:54.
(SB physiogn.); HUL irteneddilu Labat
Calendrier § 33:15; lu HUL lu niziqtu either 2. ill portent - a) in gen.: ina HUL
misfortune or suffering CT 39 36:87 (SB Alu); attall Sin ... HUL A.ME GISKIM.ME§ lemneti
ni~i sa IUL imuri [dumqa immaru] the la tabati Sa ina ekallija u matija ibassa ilani
people who have experienced ill fate will see rabiti isallukama tanaddin milka the great
good times JCS 18 13 ii 14 (SB prophecies), gods ask you (Sin) in the event of an evil
also, wr. lum-na ibid. 27 K.3253: 1; ana kabti portent of the eclipse of the moon (which
dumuqSu ana muskeni HU-ic4 izzib.u re- takes place in such-and-such a month, on
ferring to an important man, his good such-and-such a day), an evil portent of
fortune, referring to an ordinary citizen, his ominous happenings and bad, inauspicious
misfortune will leave him Dream-book 329 r. signs, which occur in my palace and in my
ii 25, cf. ibid. 27; gubat lUL (var. lum-ni) country, and you give them counsel Ebeling
RA 38 37 x 5 and dupl. Sumer 8 25 x 5 (MB Handerhebung 6:12ff., also ibid. 30:17ff., and pas-
hemer.); bussurdt lu-um-ni-im ana biti amli sim, see ittu A mng. 2; mimma idati lum-ni ul
itehhia bad news will reach the man's house ibaSi there is no evil whatsoever predicted
YOS 10 25:35, also ibid. 39:25 (both OB ext.); (by the conjunction of the planets) VAB 4
HUL-u ippattar his misfortune will be dis- 278 vi 10 (Nbn.); H]UL ana Sarri ul iteifbi
solved (parallel: aranu ippattar line 78) CT the evil (portended) will not affect the king
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lumnu lumnu
RAcc. 38:13, cf. HUL ul itehhiSu Or. NS 36 15 8f. and No. 62:6; ina HUL UR.MAH against the
r. 14 (SB namburbi), and passim, of. HUL-d evil portended by a lion (followed by other
izzibSu ibid. 22:3'; what is this ritual per- animals) Or. NS 36 18:12ff., and passim in
formed for? ana sutetuqe Sa lum-na-a-ni ... namburbis, of. NAM.BUR.BI IUL birsu paSdri
epdat it is performed for the averting of (all CT 38 29:46, also NAM.BUR.BI HUL Dt.A.BI
kinds of) evils ABL 1308:10. ABL 51:6, BBR No. 26 iv 23, and passim, cited
as HUL ka-la KAR 44:14; Sed lu-um-nim ina
b) referring to specific omens: UD.15.KAM zumriSu rakis an evil Sedu-demon is attached
da MN ina massarti qabliti Sin attald itakan to his body AfO 18 67 iii 34 (OB omens); 89
ina ,adi ultar[ru] u eli amurri ilt[aha]t lum- HUL .unati away, evil portended by dreams!
nu(!) : parsu sa ina gar(!) Amurri u mdtisu AfO 18 111:27 (rit.), f. HUL unti BMS 12:64,
lu-[mun]-Si parsu lu-mun-s4 anaJarAmurri u see Ebeling Handerhebung 80, of. Surpu IV 22,
mdtisu nadin on the 15th day of MN in the Maqlu VII 123, HUL ki pi rue ruse upsade
middle watch an eclipse of the moon oc- lemni[ti] the evil of sorcery, spittle, dirt (and)
curred, it began in the east and passed over evil machinations gurpu VIII 81; charms for
to the west, (it portends) .... evil, because HUL icmi arhi u atti Kocher BAM 372 iii 7, also
its .... evil is pertaining to the king of 368 ii 16.
Amurru and his country, its evil (portent)
has been given concerning the king of c) referring to the averting of such evil
Amurru and his country (only) portents: you gods are munakkiru lum-ni
ABL
137: 10ff., see Landsberger Brief p. 43 n. 65, of. sjkinu dumqi those who change the evil (of
(in broken context) ina pan garri lu-mu-un the portent) and establish auspicious (por-
tents) BMS 62:10, see JRAS 1929 285, also Iraq
ABL 1374:2 (both NB); the planets Jupiter
and Venus were present during the eclipse 18 62: 16, cf. musallitu qe lum-ni (you are
until he (Sin) cleared it up ana garri belija the one) who cuts the thread of the evil
4R 17 r. 17, also Iraq 18 62:18; HUL.MES.MU
ulmu lum-nu sa Amurri for the king, my
lord, (it means) good fortune, (it means) lippaSruni may the evils affecting me be
dispelled KAR 228 r. 9, of. pdris TUL sa
misfortune for Amurru ABL 407 r. 1, of. ga
attalt bit lum-nu ibasdini ABL 1080 r. 2 (both same u erseti LKA 111:11.
NA); note: attall Sin an-ni-i-sa iskununi 3. catastrophe, harm: lum-nu madu ina
mdtdti ultappit lu-um-an-gu gabbu ina muhhi ndr Ulai nitamar we have experienced a
Amurri ik-te-mir this lunar eclipse which oc- great calamity on the Ulai river (many boats
curred affected (only other) countries, it con- have sunk) TCL 9 110:7 (NB let.); summa ina
centrated(?) all its evil upon Amurru ABL lum-ni ba[llu]tat ana muballitanid[a za]kuat
337 r. 13 (NA), see Landsberger Brief n. 67; a at if she has been saved from disaster, she is free
tali HUL-zi the evil portended by the eclipse (of claims and belongs) to the one who saved
ABL 1006:3, and passim in astrol. reports; IHUL her KAV 1 v 34 (Ass. Code § 39); lum-nu Sa
izbi annl iit[iqagu] HUL aj ithi ... HUL ipuSanni the harm he (the eagle) has done
dudti ina zumrisu lisima avert from him the to me Bab. 12 pl. 4:9 (SB Etana), cf. er lu-
evil (portended by) this malformed animal, mu-un-s4 iddma does the eagle know the
may the evil not approach (him), may that evil (prepared) for him? ibid. p. 27:14, cf.
evil leave his person Or. NS 34 127:5ff., of. also lum-na illika ibid. pl. 14:19 (OB); the
ana HUL juadttu tqimma ana ameli u bitigu people of the Sea Country ize'erundau u lum-
[la teie] in order to avert that evil, and that nu ana bit ildnika kapdu hate us and they
it may not approach the man or his house have made plans to do harm to your temples
ibid. 125 No. 10:5; HUL izbu .udtu i[ppattar] ABL 1241 r. 3 (NB).
the evil of that malformed animal will be
dissipated Or. NS 34 127:21, of. KAR 377 r. 40, 4. misdeed, evil: epi lum-ni attama arbiA
and passim in namburbis, of. also BBR No. 61 r. takammu you (Girra) promptly overcome the
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lumnu lumun libbi

evildoer Maqlu II 83; andku ul a (itu ul epig lumun libbi s.; 1. grief, sorrow, distress,
lum-nu ABL 530 r. 11; mind epdAti a[na] PN 2. anger, 3. eclipsed state; OA, OB, Bogh.,
inuma ja4[kunu] lum-na lum-na-ma ana jd[ii] SB; wr. syll. and SA.xUL (rarely HUL SA(-bi));
what have I done to PN that he has treated cf. lemenu.
me with wickedness, yes, wickedness? EA 9b.gig = lu-mun lib-bi, u.hbfl.la = hu-ud MIN
113:13, also 116:41, cf. amela Sa juba'u lum- Igituh short version 77f.; ~s.h ul.gd1 = lu-mu-un
na ana [b]e[liS]u that man who strives (var. lum-un) lib-bi Erimhu III 13.
for evil against his lord EA 109:54; eli lu- ka-la ne-in-gi-ga ga-hu-ul-gi (= kala nig.gig.
ga giba.ul.gig) : e-di-ir-tum marutum lu-mu-
um-ni 9a pananum innep[uA] on account un(text -ur) li-bi-im Sumer 13 73:5 and 7 (OB).
of the evil that happened before EA 106:32
(all letters of Rib-Addi); ma'di lu-mun-4-nu 1. grief, sorrow, distress - a) in apodoses
ina pan garri belija mada their misdeeds are of omens: lu-mu-un li-ib-bi-im CT 3 3:31
extremely numerous before the king, my (OB oil omens), wr. lu-mu-un A YOS 10 22:18,
lord ABL 326:7 (NB); JUL-ku-nu kima qutri 24:42, 53:4, 7, and passim (OB ext.), SA.HUL
litelli game may the evil wrought by you rise Boissier DA 218 r. 2 (SB ext.); HUL S-bi KAR
to heaven like smoke Maqlu V 169. 178 r. iii 58 (SB hemer.); lu-mu-un li-bi-im
ibiss4 u mursu distress, losses and sickness
5. (a name of Mars): see Hg. B, in lex. YOS 10 31 iii 38 (OB ext.); SA.HUL ina mati
section; MUL.HUL, MUL Lu-um-nu = dSalbas ibagi there will be grief in the country
tdnu CT 26 42 ii 1 and 7 and dupls., cf. UL TCL 6 1 r. 19, CT 30 9:10 (both SB ext.); mdtu
Sarru UL HUL ... UL Salbatdnu 7 zikriau SA.iuL immar the country will experience
ibid. 45:17, see Weidner Handbuch pp. 9 and 19 grief Leichty Izbu III 69f., of. CT 39 48:15 (SB
and AfO 19 106, cf. MUL.HUL with gloss dSal- Alu); HUL Si BAR-SU grief will be allotted(?)
bat-a-nu ACh Samar 13:23; Jumma Lu-um-nu to him CT 39 44:12 (SB Alu); SA.HUL ummani
ina pan d ulpae izziz if the "star of evil" grief for the army TCL 6 2:29ff. (SB ext.);
(i.e., Mars) stands in front of Sulpae ACh sA.guL irteneddfiu grief will constantly
Supp. 2 Istar 78 i 5, of. ibid. 6. follow him TCL 6 9 r. 2 (SB Alu); mtu ina
SA.IHUL ittanallak the country will constantly
lumnu in bel lumni (belet lumni) s.; suffer grief Leichty Izbu II 59, cf. sinnitu t
adversary, enemy; OB, SB; wr. syll. and tudme iraliina SA.HTUL ittanallak this woman
EN (SAL.)HUL, NIN HUL; cf. lemenu. will have twins, she will live constantly in
miqitti be-el lum-nim downfall of the sorrow KAR 382 r. 59 (SB Alu); ummdni il-a
adversary CT 3 2:21 (OB oil omens); Jarrum izzibuima ina A.HEUL ittanallak as for my
bz-el lum-ni-Su qdssu ikaMad the king will army, the gods will abandon it and it will
subdue his enemy YOS 10 25:73, of. ibid. go on in grief CT 20 7:26 (SB ext.); summa
23:12, be-el lu-um-ni-i-ka ana temiqi usah elenu [bib ekalli] kakku Sakinma ... kakki
jar.akka ibid. 33 ii 49 (all OB ext.); rubt ... HuL-un SA if there is a "weapon-mark"
eli ENIUL-i izzaz Leichty Izbu XI 115; rub above the "gate-of-the-palace," (it is) a
EN HUL(var. SAL.HUL)-~ a ittanamdarugu "weapon" of grief KAR 442 r. 13, of. CT 20
ittiu isallim the enemy of the ruler about 48:11, of. also (with similar prot.) kakki
whom he has kept worrying will make peace tu8Ai kakki tipli kakki JUL SA-bi KAR 148:26.
with him ibid. 137; bel 4ulmiu ana EN b) in the protases of omens, as mark
HUL-t itdr u his friend will turn into his predicting distress: Summa kakki SA.HUL
adversary CT 38 33:9 (SB Alu), cf. ibid. 28:36; naparqud nakra a S.IAUL ukallimuka taddk
salmdni siparriitguruti (var. adds a) ... EN if the "weapon" (as sign) of grief is lying on
HUL(var. adds -ti).wu u MN UL(var. adds its back, you will fight the enemy who made
-ti).MU the copper figurines placed crosswise you experience sorrow Boissier DA 218 r. 7,
(representing) my male and female adver- of. ibid. r. 3-6; dumma ina madkan lu-mu-[un
saries Maqlu II 49. li-ib-bi]-im eriStum hallat tarkat if in a place
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lumun libbi lupnu

(predicting) grief an eritu-mark is hanging Ad mng. 3: In Greek, pdthos when said of
(and) it is dark YOS 10 26 iii 40, restored from the moon refers to the changes it undergoes
ibid. 38 (OB ext.). in general; in astrol. contexts lumun libbi
c) in lit.: a[li m]undalkumma nissat[um] occurs beside addru "to be eclipsed," and
lutammjsu aggam[irm]a iSiri lu[m]-nu lib-bi thus the exact connotation of this netaphor
where is the counselor to whom I can relate is not known.
my grief? I am finished, anguish has come Weidner, AfO 17 82 n. 45.
upon me Lambert BWL 70:8 (Theodicy), cf. lupanu (lubanu) s.; sweet almond (the tree
lu-mu-un SA-[... ] BMS 22 r. 10, see Ebeling and its fruit); OAkk., SB.
Handerhebung 108, HUL lib-bi a annanniti gis.lam.hal (vars. gii.lan.gal, [gi§].lam.
KUB 4 17:1 (rit.); ildni tikluja ina tdnihi u mur) = lu-pa-nu (followed by bututtu) Hh. III 135;
lu-mu-un lib-bi lirteddS may the gods in es GI .LAMX KUR = lu-pa-nu Diri II 226; GI .LAMx
whom I trust persecute him (the one who does KUR, gi .lam.hal = lu-pa-nu Nabnitu E 187f.;
KUR BEbi-a-&dBAD = MIN (= KUR) lu-pa-ni Hh.
not renew the ruined tower and the temple XXII 14', see JNES 15 146, cf. KUB In-gi-na ...
of Assur) with sorrow and grief Weidner Tn. 29 KUR lu-pa-ni ibid. 132:15 (lipSur-lit.).
No. 16:138; ammini mursu HUL si-bi situ u U lu-ba-nu : u bu-ut-nu TUR.ME,, U di-iq-du
huluqqi ritkusa ittija why are sickness (and) mat-qu Uruanna II 510f.
grief, loss and damage closely bound to me? 1 BAN lu-ba-nu (together with other food-
Streck Asb. 252 No. 8:4. stuffs, for the royal table) MCS 9/1 No. 232:11
2. anger: lu-mu-un li-bi4 -im ana PN la (OAkk.); u [l]u(?)-ba-nu HA.MER Sa
tarasi do not become angry with PN KTS e-ha - 1. (is a drug for) lungs which are ....
4b:15 (OA let.), of. TCL 20 90:19, BIN 6 19:19f.; RA 40 116:19 (SB med.).
lu-mu-un li-bi4 -im iSuam he is angry with me luparu see liparu.
CCT 3 38:25f., cf. mimma lu-mu-un li-bi4 -im
la iSuakkum CCT 4 31a:27; minam lu-mu-un lupnu s.; poverty; from OB on; wr. syll.
li-bi4-im talpuram what kind of ill temper do and UI~K; cf. lapdnu.
you report to me? CCT 2 20:3, cf. minam lu- a) in leg.: makkurunu cdlunu u .srSunu
mu-un li-bi4 -[im] sa taspuranni KT Hahn eqla bita u kird lu-pu-un-.u-nu u mardaunu
10:24; ina panitim lu-mu-un li-bi4-a nad at zizu mese duppuru tamiz they have divided
first my anger was great TCL 20 93:33; lu- under oath, completely, and to (their) satis-
mu-un li-bi-im la teppasSu do not make him faction their property, their manor and their
angry CCT 4 24a: 31f. (coll. M. T. Larsen); PN land (consisting of) field, house, and orchard,
sabtama x kaspam ina kaspiSu SaSqilaSuma their poverty and their wealth (i.e., all their
Sebilanimma u lu-mu-un li-bi4 -a lapturSum liabilities and assets) MDP 22 6:7, also lu-
seize (pl.) PN, let him pay x silver from pu-un-.u-[nu u ma rdSunu] ibid. 7:11, and pas-
his silver and send (it) to me, then I will sim in the division of property texts Nos. 11-18,
relax my anger against him CCT 4 2b :34 MDP 23 171:3, 172:20, cf. eqelAunu kasapunu
(all OA); eqlum S aSarSan innaddinma bissunu lu-pu-un-4u-nu u maSraunu ina niA
lu-mu-un li-ib-bi anniam elika araSSi should RN u RN, zizu duppuru mesa MDP 24 336:7,
that field be given elsewhere, I shall become also 335:8, 337:8.
angry with you about this TCL 7 68:41,
b) in lit.: lu-up-na nelmena a-mat niMi
cf. lu-mu-un SA ana kdsi[m] araSSiakkum ligisadu may (Enlil) apportion to him
Sumer 14 60 No. 33:16, cf. istuma lu-mu-un poverty, misfortune, the bane of men Hinke
li-bi-ia [l]a tidd (in broken context) VAS 16 Kudurru iv 7; lu-up-nu maka u lemenu urrau
177:27 (all OB letters).
mZa lu rakis ittidu may poverty, debility,
3. eclipsed state: the moon ina sA.HUvL-A4 and misfortune be his lot (lit. be bound to
during its eclipsed state AfO 17 82:2, cf., wr. him) day and night BBSt. No. 6 ii 44 (Nbk. I),
ina HUL lib-bi ibid. pl. 2 Ass. 10145:11 and 14. cf. lu-4p-ni le-m6-ni su-un-qa(?) (opposite:
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luppu lupputu
dumqa u ma )rd)RA 29 99 r. 12 (MB lit.); Sar. practical vocabulary); ub it = id LU.TB lu-up-
attima ina libbi tarba ni.l lu-up-nu i.diha pu EaI 179.
am.ma.gin .a kus.lu.iub 6.a.kex(KID)
tukanni you (Istar) establish poverty (or) ina alaki u'-a-i lu-up-pu sd biti BA 5 617:14f.
prosperity in the sheepfolds of men BMS
8:13 and dupls., see Ebeling Handerhebung 60; a) in econ. context: PN ... lu-pa-tim
[lu]-up-nu tabalma hegalla .urka take away uStdbilakkum I have sent you leather bags
poverty, grant abundance PBS 1/1 17:22, with PN ABIM 24:8 (OB let.); 8 KU§ lu-up-
but lum-na tabalma BMS 19:23, see Ebeling pa-tum TCL 1 199:5, cf. 6 KUA lu-up-pa-tum
Handerhebung 22. Sa ZiD.DA Birot Tablettes 35:6 (both OB);
kus.lu.ib (holding one gur each) BIN 8
c) in omens: lu-up-nu-um ana x x x x 267:36 and 38, see M. Lambert, RA 59 68 (OAkk.);
poverty for .... YOS 10 31 vi 34 (OB ext.); a"um KU lu-ub-bi hubunni u zijanati ana
ana muskeni tibit siGg ana lapni tibit UK tPN concerning the leather bag, the hubunnu-
MDP 14 55 r. i 14 (MB dream omens); lu-p-nu pot and the ... -blankets for rPN HSS 15
ina mdti iAsakkanma bit ameli isehhir there 200:1; 220 KUS lu(!)-up-pu-4 HSS 14 247:39;
will be poverty in the land, the man's estate 8 KUS lu-up-pu sa se-i-ba isd burrumutu eight
will decrease CT 28 44 K.717:6, dupl. CT 30 spotty leather bags which are moldy HSS
12 K.1813:18 (SB ext.); lu-ip-nu u la magdru 15 130:18; 11 MA.NA 8 GIN xK.GI ina KU§.
igsakkanu CT 28 28:6 (physiogn.); lu-ip-nu LU.vB x gold in a leather bag Met. Museum
ana mdti sadir poverty will be permanent in 86-11-192 r. 1 (NB econ.).
the country CT 40 39:47 (SB Alu), of. CT 28 28:5
b) in lit.: [EN ... ] na-pi-ih-ma kima
and 21, 29 r. 1 (physiogn.), CT 38 17:97, and pas-
lu-up-pi [the ... ] is blown up like a leather
sim in Alu; matu lu-up-na immar the coun-
bag Kiichler Beitr. pl. 4 iii 57 (inc.); summa
try will experience poverty Labat Calendrier
amelu ina KU.LU.fB asib if a man is sitting
§ 66:3; lu-up-na izabbil he will suffer
on a leather bag CT 39 39:21 (SB Alu).
poverty CT 39 46:68; lu-up-nu ina mati ibasJi
there will be poverty in the land BRM 4 13:1 The ref. bu--lu ina muhhi LUL-bi assakan
(ext.), also K.3670 catch line, cited Bezold Cat. I placed the .... on the .... ABL 1245 r. 15
p. 553; bit ameli lu-up-nu isabbat poverty (NA), in a letter dealing with jewelry, is
will take hold of the man's house Leichty obscure. For (Ui) LU.jB.SAR, see laptu A s.
Izbu III 10, cf. lu-up-nu bit ameli isabbat (Thompson DAB 94.)
ibid. 41 and 54, I.BI UKT isabbassu CT 38 luppunu adj.; very poor; OB lex.*;
47:38; madr ina lu-up-ni illakunim the cf. lapanu.
children will be poor (lit.: walk in poverty)
fld1.hum.bum = lu-up-pu-nu-um OB Lu
Leichty Izbu III 56; lu-up-nu isabbassu KAR Fragm. I 3, in MSL 12 201.
395 i 11 (physiogn.); lu-up-nu u maki igabbassu
Dream-book 323 ii 6; .umma mftu dumma lu- lupputu (fem. lupputtu) adj.; damaged,
ip-n[u ... ] Kraus Texte 57a iii 11, also (in soiled; SB; wr. syll. and Su.LAL; of. lapdtu.
broken context) lu-up-[nu ... ] ibid. 28:9, dug.su.l61 = lu-up-pu-[ut-tum] (after labirtu
old pot) Hh. X 46; dug.kir.su.lal = lu-up-pu-
[...] lu-up-nu BRM 4 23:31 (physiogn.).
ut-tum ibid. 167, also Hh. X 57b, in MSL 9 189;
gi.md.su.lal = lu-up-pu-ut-tum Hh. IV 290.
luppu s.; leather bag; OB, Nuzi, SB, NB; qar-nu, NE-nu = i-lap lu-up-pu-tim soiled rag
Sum. lw.; pl. luppatu; wr. syll. and xuV. An VII 273f.; na-as-sa-bu = [lu]-pu-ut-tum CT 18
LU.tB. 20 K.10452+ :6.
kus.lu.6b = lu-up-pu -= hi-in-du Hg. A II 155, a) in TUG.NG.DARA4 .SU.LAL soiled rag -

in MSL 7 149; KU.LU.TJB = lu-up-pu-um Proto- 1' in prescriptions: (among human bones,
Diri 584; kuM.lu.b = lu-up-pu Hh. XI 194,
followed by the varieties ku~dnu, patiru, patlhu,
sulphur, etc., ground with oil as an ointment)
patlhatu, niuhu, aj&su, nvpitu, suttutu ibid. 195- AMT 19,2:7, of. CT 23 41 ii 1, LKU 32 edge 1, (for
203; lu.db, KU.A.EDIN AbS-T343 x 10f. (Pre- fumigating the ears) AMT 33,1 :29 and 35, 34,6:6,
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lupru luqiitu
35,1:5, 38,2 iv 2, 93,1:12, and passim with qutturu, mimma lu-qi-tim a ahuSu ezibu lu subdti
(to be worn in a leather phylactery) AMT lu annukum lu Japtum lu emaru ina pani u
29,1:3, (with ina turri) AMT 20,1 obv.(!) i 34, etabak awilum lu-qu-su batiq wattur e iddin
note, wr. NIG.DARA4 .U.LAL Kocher BAM 183:7. all the merchandise which his brother has
left behind, either textiles or tin or wool or
2' other occs.: if the exorcist going to
donkeys, he has dispatched ahead (but) the
visit a sick person sees TUG.NiG.DARA 4.SU.
man should not sell his merchandise at any
LAL Labat TDP 4:37; uldp askdpi lu-up-pu-
price TCL 14 27:5ff.; ina GN 2 meat 60
tu ... NG.GIG-ki 4R 58 i 14, dupl. PBS 1/2 113
maku lu-qu-ut-ku-nu ibasiu in ON there
ii 50, cf. TJG.NiG.DAR[A 4 .S]U.LAL NiG.GIG(!)
are 260 skins (as) your (pl.) merchandise
LiT.rASGAB(?)1 STT 281 iv 17 (Lamatu inc.);
TCL 4 4:6, cf. TCL 14 3:4; x annukum kunuks
UZU.KA5 .A : TUG.NiG.DARA 4 .SU.LAL CT 37 26
ku da Alim 97 kutanu Sa qatim 40 kutani
i 17 (Uruanna); for the parallel uldp dami
damqitum watrutum mimma annim lu-qu-tum
see ulapu.
Sa tamkarim x tin with the seal of the City,
b) other occs.: see (said of containers, 97 kutdnu-garments of standard quality,
boats) Hh. in lex. section. forty kutdnu-garments of very good quality
Falkenstein, LKU p. 7 n. 7. - all this is the merchandise of the mer-
chant TCL 21 270:7; [a]-ma 5 kutdnu ina
lupru see lubru B.
GN [l]u-qi-ut-ku-nu ibaSgiu behold! five
lupf s.; fish oil(?); SB, NB. kutanu-garments, your (pl.) merchandise,
[...] ku6 = lu-pu-u Hh. XVIII 16a. are in GN ICK 1 153:9; lu-qu-ut-kh annakam
lu-pu-4 iskuru- 1., wax BE 8 154:13 (list t subdti CCT 2 41a:3, cf. ibid. 22:3, CCT 4
of objects used for a rit.); 6-' ana naptu 4-tic 22b:7, TCL4 51:4.
lu-pu-4 oGfN ana amni J shekel for naphtha,
} for 1., j for oil VAS 6 228:4 (NB). b) transport: kaspum Sa PN annanum
Possibly a var. of lipd, q.v. addumi PN eqlam ettiq lu-qu-tum igtu Alim
elliamma adSumi PN-ma eqlam ettiq lu-q4-tum
luputtf see laputtil. ana GN errabamma PN ilaqqdei PN's silver
will go overland from here in the name of
luqququ see lukkuku.
PN, the merchandise will come up from the
liiqu s.; (mng. uncert.); EA*; cf. leqi v. City and go overland also in the name of PN,
nadnu LT x x // u LTJ.ME wi-i-ma
-i-ir-ma the merchandise will enter Kanie and PN
ana «ana> ON ana lu-qi they have sold .... will take it over MVAG 33 No. 108:10ff.;
and recruits to Subaru(!) (when was such a kaspum annanum lu-qu-tum alldnum eqlam
thing ever done?) EA 108:17, cf. LU wi-a adAumi PN ettiq lu-qu-tum lu ina Alim lu ina
tid[inu] ina KUR Su-[b]a-ri i-na lu-qi ana eqlim ana bit PN, errab lu-qi-tum ana GN
akaliunu a recruit was sold to Subaru so errabamma ana kaspim ituar the silver will
that they could eat EA 109:40 (both letters of go overland from here (and) the merchandise
Rib-Addi). from there in the name of PN, the merchan-
The translation is based on the assumption dise will enter the house of PN, in the City
that ana lugqi naddnu means "to sell." as well as en route, the merchandise will
enter Wahsusanna and be converted into
luquitu s.; merchandise, commercial goods silver AnOr 6 pl. 8 No. 22:20ff., see MVAG 35/3
in transit; OA; pl. luqudtu; cf. leqi v. No. 321, of. KT Hahn 24:8ff., BIN 4 194:16ff.,
a) composition: lu kaspam lu annakam lu and passim; Sa x kaspim lu-qi-tum Sa barini
lu-qi-si a 10 MA.NA kaspim ezib he left an eliam Sitti kaspim ... ina Alim ahhur for x
estate consisting of silver, tin and merchan- silver merchandise belonging to both of us
dise of his (worth) ten minas of silver has arrived (from the City), the rest of the
Contenau Trente Tablettes Cappadociennes 10:7; silver is delayed in the City ICK 1 124:2;
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luquitu luraqqe
[a]nalu-q$-tim a ellat PN 9a PN, ... u lu-qi- under my seal TCL 4 31:3; kaspam Sa am:
tim Sa PN, a Sip PN3 for the merchandise in makam u a lu-qu-tim ... Sebilam send me
PN's caravan belonging to PN2 and the the silver that (was kept) there and that for
merchandise of PN2 transported by PN, the merchandise KTS 23:33; ana GN assJr
ICK 2 112:7 and 10, cf. a lu-q-tim .a [el]lat 9a kima kudti u PN lu-qu-ti PN, lugeribma lu-
PN CCT 5 7b:16. qu-ti batiq u wattur ana itatlimliddinu let PN,
c) taxation and dues: unuti lu SaSep PN bring my merchandise to GN to your repre-
lu Sa ep PN, lu-qit-ti ina ekallim pahirama sentatives and to PN, and let them sell my
nishdtum ajar iten linnis a collect (pl.) my merchandise for cash upon delivery for what-
ever price they can get TCL 14 13:17ff.; ina
goods, (those) from the shipment of PN as
well as from the shipment of PN,, (or) my bdb abullim a kima jdti i-lu-qu-tim qdssunu
merchandise in the palace, let the nisLatu- i9kunu at the city gate my representatives
tax be deducted in one place COT 2 25:16; laid claim to the merchandise OIP 27 57:30;
lu-qu-tum Sa ipPN kima nishdtum innishani
silver
posit
allibbi
it with
lu-qu-ti-a inaddii they will de-
my merchandise RA 51 2:18;
i(!)-nu(!)-tum lurdamma ammala tertija ana
Summa babil awdtija flu-qil-ti isabbat if one
GN lu-qu-ti abukma lu-qu-ti ana itatlim lids
dinu ula iqippu (as to) the merchandise who has a lawsuit against me seizes my mer-
transported by PN, let the goods come down chandise ICK 1 103:23; ammala nagpertika
(from the palace) as soon as the nishdtu-dues lu-qu-td[m a] PN nisbat according to your
instructions we have seized the merchandise
have been deducted, and ship my merchandise
of PN BIN 6 49:6; ajammema 10 MA.NA
to GN according to my instructions, and (there)
kaspam ina lu-qu-ti-a ammakam 9a kima jdti
they should sell my merchandise for cash,
iqipuka I heard that my representatives had
but they should not give (it) on commission
entrusted to you there ten minas of silver from
CCT 2 5b:4ff.; kima unitkunu ina GN ina
my merchandise Hecker Giessen 42:6; Summa
ekallim nistitum innishanima urdani ...
lu-qi4-s ana kaspim u sibdtim la ikassad Sa
mimma lu-qu-a-tim annidtim idtikunuma ana
laqdim liq'a if his merchandise is not sufficient
GN2, eriba when the nishdtu-dues have been
for the silver and the interest (indebted),
levied on your goods in the palace in Kanis
take (pl.) (as a pledge) whatever there is
and they have come out (lit. down) again,
KT Blanckertz 4:20; lu-q-si u em4ri.u ana bit
take all these goods with you to Puru-
shaddum ICK 1 189:25', cf. (the tin, textiles, ubrija uerrabma I will bring his merchan-
dise and his donkeys into my guesthouse
donkeys) [iS]ti lu-qu-a-tim Sa awilim ana Pus
BIN 4 74:17.
ru9addim eribama ana itatlim dina CCT 2
46a: 13; ana ekallim lu-qi-ut-ni iteni erubma luraqqltu see luraqq.
annakka 1 cua 20 MA.NA u 35 kutdnika itu
ekallim almtum urdunim our merchandise luraqqA (fem. luraqqitu) s.; perfume
entered the palace together and your tin, maker; Mari.*
one talent twenty minas, and your 35 kutdnu- a) luraqqi: L1 lu-ra-q4-umSaina GN wadbu
garments came down from the palace without zarzar ul i4i ... inanna anumma L lu-ra-
deduction TuM 1 19b:7ff., parallel ibid. 20a: 8ff.; qd-em ana ser belija attardam zarzar [ana]
lu-qu-tum kima ina ekallim isanni la ibiat ttiiu liddinudum the perfume maker who
[lill]ikam let the merchandise come to me lives in Sagaratim has no zarzar-plant, now I
as soon as it leaves the palace, it must not am sending along the perfume maker to my
remain overnight CCT 4 8b:9. lord, let them give him zarzar-plant for his
task ARM 2 136:4 and 10.
d) other occs.: ina lu-q4-tim a ... tudes
bilanni 5 MA.NA kaspam kunukkija PN nad'aks b) luraqqitu: bdli lipqidanni uluma 1(?)
kum from the merchandise that you sent [sAL] lu-ra-aq-qi-tam uluma SAL nu-ha-ti-ma-
me, PN is bringing you five minas of silver tam eriAf annitam beli la ikalla may my lord
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lurima'u lurmfi
deliver to me either a perfume maker or a iii 4; [u]zu sa lu-ur-mi (in broken context)
woman cook, my lord should not prevent KUB 4 60:5; [...] [G1.NUx.MUSEN i teniS
(the fulfillment of) this wish of mine ARM 10 tahaSBal tanappi AMT 66,11:18 + 65,6:7.
86 r. 7'.
See zarzaru discussion section; for Lt d) ostrich egg: 1 p-el lu-ur-mi HSS 14
raqqi in Mari, see Bottero, ARMT 7 274 n. 2 247 edge 1; 3 NUNUZ GA.NUx.MUSEN (in a rit.)
and 360; see also muraqq. RAcc. 64:17, 65:28; NUNUZ lu-ur-mu (in list
of offerings in Eanna) TCL 12 123:5, 8, 26, 32;
lurima'u see lurmd. in med.: NUNUZ GA.NUx.MUSEN Kocher BAM
lurimtu see lurm4. 82:2; hasab NUNUZ GA.NUx.MUSEN shell of
an ostrich egg AMT 39,9:3, 59,1 i 26, 60,1 ii
lurindu see lurmi. 5, 7, 12, etc., Kocher BAM 3 ii 16, 396 ii 7, iii 23,
wr. GA.NU.MU§EN ibid. 111 iii 10, 116:6, r.
lurinnu see lurmd.
10, 161 iv 19, vi 18, 164:15, wr. GA.NA.MUEN
lurmu s.; ostrich; MB, SB, NB; wr. syll. ibid. 114:18, 164:30; for vessels made of
and GA/GA.NUx(SIR).MU§EN (GA.NA.MUSEN ostrich eggs, see lex. section.
Kocher BAM 114:18, 164:30).
[ga.nux musen] - [lu-ur-mu], amar.ga.nux
lurmfl (lurimtu, lurindu, lurinnu, lurimd'u)
musen = [a-tam lu-ur-mi] Hh. XVIII 306ff. s.; pomegranate; from OA, OB on; cf.
dug.a.sig.ga.nux musen = MIN (= maS-qu-t) nurmu, nurimdu.
lu-ur-mu Hh. X 97; dug.sagan.nunuz.ga.nux t kit-tur-ra : t lu-rim-ti pi-[...] Uruanna III
muien= <§a> pe-el lu-ur-mu Hh. X 110; [nunuz. 433.
ga.nux musen] = [pe-el lu-ur-mi], na 4 .bur.
nunuz.ga.nux musen = 9d pe-el lu-ur-me a) the fruit - 1' in OA: 2 meat 10 lu-ur-
Hh. XVI 280. [ma]-tim 1 siqil kaspum SimSina 210 pome-
a) in hunt: TUR.MES lu-ur-me MU§EN.MES granates, their price being one shekel of silver
ina qdti usabbita I myself caught the young OIP 27 55:57.
of ostriches Scheil Tn. II 81, cf. lu-ur-me adiik 2' in OB: summa annikiam lu-ur-mi ileqq4
I killed ostriches ibid. 80, 20 GA.NUx.MUREN. ullikiam suluppi lilqi if they take pome-
MES adik AKA 360 iii 49 (Asn.), also AKA 141 granates here, let them take dates there UCP
iv 24 (Tigl. I); Sa ... GA.NUx.MUSEN.ME8 ...
9 333 No. 8:13.
sugullateSunu lu aksur I gathered ostriches
into herds Iraq 14 34:98, cf. AKA 203 iv 39 3' in NB: x kaspu sim 240 lu-4-ri-in-du
(Asn.), KAH 2 84:127 (Adn. II); 200 GA.NUx. ina qdt PN LT.GIS.sAR 1 shekels of silver,
MUSEN.MES kima issiirat quppi unakkis I price of 240 pomegranates, from PN, the
killed (in hunt) two hundred ostriches (as gardener 82-7-14,1265:6 (unpub.); 200 GI§
easily) as if they were caged birds Iraq 14 lu-ri-in-du ina qdt PN ana naptanu ana Belti
34:89 (Asn.), cf. ibid. 92; lu-ur-mu (in enu- .a Uruk u Nand ana belija ultebila I have sent
meration of wild animals) CT 22 pl. 48:8, see through PN to my lord two hundred pome-
BoSt 6 86 (ar tamhari). granates for the meal of DN and DN, TCL 9
114:7, cf. PN suluppi u lu-ri-in-du ana naptas
b) in comparisons: if in the liver §epu
nu Sa Belti sa Uruk uSel~mma YOS 6 222:4,
kima Sep GA.NUx.MUVEN ittabsi there appears
also 9 and 12; 30 gapnu Sa GIS.MA 20 da GIA lu-
a footmark like an ostrich's foot CT 20 32:70
ri-in-du matqu (he will plant) thirty fig trees,
(SB ext.); Summa izbu qaqqad GA.NUx.MUSEN
Sakin if the malformed animal has the head twenty sweet pomegranate trees Dar. 193:8;
560 GI§ lu-ri-in-du makkiir DN 560 pome-
of an ostrich Leichty Izbu VII 14.
granate trees, property of Ramas Cyr. 272:1,
c) other occs.: Ser GA.NUx.MU§EN ikkalma cf. (beside a S.ETIN) Nbn. 582:4, 709:2, Cyr.
MIN (= el) he will eat ostrich meat and 197:8, 10, Camb. 101:5f.; note 14,000 lu-ri-
become (cultually) clean Kocher BAM 318 in-du Nbn. 218:6; 10 gapnu Sa titti GI§ lu-ri-i-
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lurpadu lu'tu A
nu u karani ten fig and pomegranate trees P qitma, NA4 lu-[ur-pa-du] : t aban gabt,
and grapevines VAS 5 49:11; 3 gapnu 300 qitma, P lu-ur-pa-du, v annuhara : aban gabe
lu-ri-in-nu three trees (with) three hundred MI black alum Uruanna III 507ff., of. [v] lu-
pomegranates Nbn. 869:5, cf. 10 gdp- ur-[pal-[du] : [6 MIN MI, P annuhara] CT 14
nu(text -bu) §a lu-ri-in-du 500 lu-ri-in-du ina 9 K.4373 r. i If.; 10 GIN lu-ur-pi-a-nu-um
libbi ten pomegranate trees, five hundred (followed by qitmu, in a list of aromatics)
pomegranates are on (them) Nbn. 606:10f.; TCL 10 71:37 (OB); U.BABBAR lu-ur-pa-na
lu .ipatu lu kaspu lu pirindu [...] lu lu-ur- (gloss: IM.BABBAR NA4 .NIG.KALA.GA) AMT
in-du 9a mah(?)-ra-tu the wool or silver or 19,1:5.
.... or pomegranate, that was received (is lurpianu see lurpnu.
PN's share) KAR 373:9 (NB text of an oath).
lurSu s.; (a profession?); OB Elam.*
4' in lit.: lu-rim-e-te [...] in broken
context Sumer 13 119 r. 3.
PN lu-ur-Su MDP 22 159: 4f. (list of witnesses).
Connect perhaps with liriSa, q.v.
b) the wood: 1 GIS zuruqqum 9a lu-ur-
mi-im one irrigation apparatus made of lurfl s.; person with a thin(?) voice; lex.*
pomegranate wood BE 6/2 137:4, cf. 4 GIs [em]e.Hu(?).x = lu-ru-um OBGT III 222;
hirsu Sa lu-ur-mi-im four blocks of pome- [1]d eme.sal = lu-ru-u Hh. XXV B iv 14', in
MSL 12 229.
granate wood ibid. 12 (OB); [...] Sa GIS
lu-ri-ma-e made of pomegranate wood luslnu s.; (a musical instrument or a part
AfO 18 304 ii 25, cf. ibid. 306 iii 28 (MA inv.). of it); lex.*
gis.pirig.gal = lu-sa-an §d man-za-at = pur-ru-
c) ornaments in the shape of pomegran- us-su Hg. B II 190; gis.RAB+GAN.pirig = lu-sa-
ates: 10 lu-u-ri-me-ti NA4 s mtu ten an Sd man-za-at = pur-us-su ibid. 192, in MSL 6
pomegranates made of red stone (followed 143; uncert.: [ab.b]a.ni = a-bu-Su = lu-sa-nu
Sollberger, Studies Landsberger 24:118 (Silben-
by nurmd) EA 25 ii 4, of. i 71; 5 quppi 9a vokabular).
hurasi SAG-su-nu lu-ri-mi-du five chests of
gold, on top of which are pomegranates lutmu s.; (mng. unkn.); MA.*
EA 14 ii 7 (list of gifts from Egypt); lu-rim-te [summa arru] lu ina bit lu-us-me lu ina
kaspi pomegranates made of silver (in bit nari lu ina ekalldte a li[bit] libbi dli ussab
enumeration of booty) TCL 3 381 (Sar.). if the king stays either in the lumu-house
or in the River House or in the palaces of the
d) as personal name: t Lu-ri-in-du TCL 13 surroundings of Assur AfO 17 274:42 (MA
200:6, 11, 14, and (same person) TuM 2-3 2:4 harem edicts).
and 30, note mLu-ri-in-di-ia Nbn. 906:4,
also t La-ri-in-du 83-1-18,1846 r. iv 8, cited luSfl s.; old fat; lex.*
Tallqvist APN 121a. i.1 a, i.su-munBAD = lu-$u-u Nabnitu IV 28f.
In the passage tabarru kimu x-ri-in-du 9a The equivalence of luAi with i.suMUN is
dipdranu red wool in lieu of .... for the attested only in the late vocabulary (col-
torches GCCI 1 188:3, the reading barindu lation of Hh. XXIV 36 shows [i.nun.n]a.
does not fit (for colored wool barmdtu would sumun - [lal-b[ir-tu]), hence there is no
be expected), and a reading lurindu does not cogent reason to assume that luiu is the
seem to make sense. Possibly the text should reading of the signs i.sUMUN in med. texts.
be emended to KU hi(!)-in-du "leather bag," For refs. to i.SUMUN see labiru adj. mng 3b.
see himtu. luttu see luttu A s.
lurpadu see lurpanu. lu'tu A (l'tu) s.; softness, debility, decay

(also as a disease); OB, SB; cf. lu'~i v.
lurpanu (lurpinu,lurpadu)s.; (a mineral); MELSU--tumn (vars. [l]u-u4 -tu, lu-tum) Proto-Izi II
OB, SB. 137; [me] = lu-u'-tum Izi E 16; me ME = lu-u-tu
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lu'tu A lut6
MSL 2 129 iii 14 (Proto-Ea); [.. .].x.a = lu-a-tum lu'tu B (luduttu) s.; (a wooden object);
(preceded by mangu) MSL 9 78:48 (OB list of lex.*
diseases).
me duio.zu ba.ab.sub.b[6] : inaddi lu-ta eli gis.na.mu.ul.lum = lu-u'-tum (var. lu-du-ut-
birki[ka] he casts debility upon your loins KAR tum) Hh. VI 2.
333 r. 6f.; a.ha.an.thm u 4 .su.us.ru sag.ki.za
: manga lu-u'-ta 9a puitika the stiffness (and) lutfi s.; twig; SB, NB; cf. leti v.
debility of your forehead 5R 51 iii 79f., see JCS 21 ina lu-te-e-a aarra u.allamu with twigs of
12:49+a (bit rimki), cf. [a.ha].an.thm u4.su.us. me (the poplar?) they greet the king Lambert
ru : man-ga lu-u'-tu 4R 29 No. 1 r. 36ff.
lu-u'-tum : mur-su Lambert BWL 42:57 comm. BWL 166:7; lu-te-e a hashiiri twigs of the
apple tree (among objects for a ritual)
mangu isbat idija lu-u'-ti imtaqut eli BE 8 154:8; uncert.: aromatics ana lu(?)-te-e
birkija stiffness has seized my arms, debility .a kisru Camb. 126:8; lu-te-e ... tesen you
has fallen on my loins Lambert BWL 42:78 load (on the brazier) cuttings (of poplar, also
(Ludlul II), also PBS 1/1 14:11; manga lu-u'-tic of ash, apple wood) AfO 18 296:4, for other
eli sireja itbuku they (the sorcerers) have refs. see senu usage d.
put stiffness (and) debility on my flesh
KAR 80 r. 29 (SB inc.); manga u lu-u'-ta liutu see lu'tu.
tumallinni you have filled me with stiffness
and debility KAR 226 i 7 (SB inc.), cf. manga luttu (luttu) s.; 1. (a small bowl), 2. (a
lu-u'-ti umalluinni AfO 18 291:19, Maqlu I 102, pestle); SB, NA; Sum. lw.
Laessoe Bit Rimki 39:21 and dupl. STT 76:22; DUG.luudDUG = lu-ut-fu (vars. su-tu, lu-ut-tu),
nalpatum, ikinnu Hh. X 143ff.; lu-ud DUG =
mamit isbassu lu-u'-ti isbassu (diagnosis) lu-u-[tu] Ea V 26; lu-ud DUG = lu-ut-fu, nalpatu
Labat TDP 180:24; arid qistisu isabbassu A V/1:118 f.; dug-lu-udDUG = lu-ut-tumn, nalpatu
[lul-u'-tu he who goes down into his UET 7 76:14f.; DUG.DUG = lu-u-um, nalp[atum]
forest, debility will seize him Gilg. II v 6; Proto-Diri 421-421a; [lu-ud] DUG.DUG = lu-ut-fu,
[l]isi mangu sa idika u lu-u-ti litbd [sa [n]alpatum Diri V 251f.; lu-uHtu[DUG] = [na-al-
pa-tu] Antagal G 111.
birkika(?)] may the stiffness of your arms na 4 .na.gu.bi.na, na 4 .na.za.gin.na = Su-ku
leave you and the debility of your knees(?) = lut-.u (var. lut-tu) Hg. B IV 134f. and dupls.,
depart Gilg. IV vi 34; isid lu-i-tu ittasah in MSL 10 34f.
kima ammi he tore up the root of the
debility like a plant Lambert BWL 52:10 (Lud-
1. (a small bowl): lut-ti u susdni kaspi
lul III); itti urqitu erseti ipessi lu-u'-ti(var.
(in enumeration of booty from Urartu)
TCL 3 359 (Sar.), also ibid. p. 78:33; lut-ti (in
-turn) decay cleaves the ground along with
the grass Lambert BWL 42:57 (Ludlul II); broken context, among gold and silver
objects) ADD 936 ii(!) 10, 938 i 13.
[allu]happu lu-'-tum namtaru (in enumer-
ation of diseases and demons) KAR 233 r.13, 2. (a pestle): see Hg. B IV, in lex. section.
cf. ummu mungu lu-ti sili'tu ihhat S ri LKA For Iraq 23 41 see *luddu A.
154 r. 13 (SB inc.); piri'sa lu-'-tu(var. -turn)
sibissa mu-u-t[um] Kocher BAM 105:1, var. lutfi s.; (a dagger); Mari, SB, NB; wr.
from STT 97 iv 25, cf. qdtdaa lu-'-tu RA 18 166 syll. and (in Mari) GfR.zU.
r. 14 (Lamastu inc.); summa ersetu lu-u'-tam [gir.z]u zabar = lu-u-u- Hh. XII 52, of. gi[r].
ukl if the earth contains decay CT 41 20:7 gi(!).zu.zabar MSL 7 234:38 (OB forerunner).
(SB Alu); ku-us-su ina lu-u'-tum (in broken
1 oGR.ZU.ZABAR hurdsam uhhuz one bronze
context) AfO 19 56:47; lu-u'-tum [...]
dagger inlaid with gold ARM 7 242:1, cf. 2
(apodosis) ACh Adad 11:6.
GIR.ZU.ZABAR ibid. 2; j MA.NA 3 GiN ZABAR
For JRAS 1905 829:15 (- Diri V 208) see thusB ana lu-te-e ZABAR one-half mina three
lu'aStu; for Kocher BAM 29:8 see lu'u s. In shekels of red bronze for a bronze dagger
STT 89:159, 174, 180 read DIB-tu, i.e., pibtu. GCCI 1 316:3 (NB); ina lu-te-e Iuput ina .illU
Landsberger, RA 62 111. suhul strike (them) with a bronze dagger,
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luf lu'Q
prick (them) with a pin AnSt 5 102:65, of. SURUN) I purified their unclean streets
ibid. 70 (Cuthean Legend). Streck Asb. 40 iv 87; sinniStu a nahSatu
marsat SIZKUR lu-'a <Di;-us a woman with
lug see lets adj.
a menstrual illness will perform an unclean
lu'u (luhhu) s.; throat; OB, SB; cf. sacrifice KAR 423 i 15; disregard it sa ...
mal'atu. mimma lu-'a dkulu aSti in case I have
mur.dun.na = lu-'-i gi-ri-ti shell(?) of a crab(?) eaten or drunk something unclean PRT
(see giritu) Izi J ii 9; [ig]i.il = e-nu naitu lifted 4:14, and passim, wr. mimma lu-'-u ibid.
eye, [x]gi-g-xSUKUD = lu- i-la-turm (obscure) 41 r. 3, cf. mimma lu-'a Zkulu iti ibid.
Erimhus III 30.
47:6, and passim; lu mimma lu-'u AJSL 35
Summa ina isid liSdnim ina lu-uh-hi-im 137 K.2856 iii 14', [... l]u-'-a ulappitanni
simum nadi if there is a red spot in the BBR No. 16 r. 13, note the pl. fer. as ab-
throat at the base of the tongue YOS 10 51 ii
40, dupl. 52 ii 40; summa lu-u-lzi issirim
stract: lu-'-a-ti §u [...] uncleanliness, the
hand of [. .. ] Labat TDP 232:16.
uSbalkit if the throat of the "bird" is
turned upside down ibid. 51 ii 22, dupl. 52 ii 21 b) unclean person: disregard it Sa ...
(OB ext.); if there is a mole ina lu-'-i ellu lu-'-u niqe TAG-[tu] in case either a clean
imitti on the right side of the throat (followed or an unclean person has touched the sacri-
by the left, and by the tongue) CT 28 ficial animal PRT 55:4, 46:8, and passim,
25:32f. (SB physiogn.); lu-'-i sd [...] (var. disregard the fact sa ina aSri anni lu-'-i bira
to [mal]-'a-ti a iitappiqu, preceded by ibrl PRT 78:4, also Knudtzon Gebete 107 r. 1;
ur'udu) Lambert BWL 54:32, see ibid. p. 345; ezib Sa lu-'u lu-'-c-ti asar biri usanniquma
note: (the worm causing toothache) [is]sabat ule'd (see lu'd v.) Knudtzon Gebete No. 147:15,
lu-'-a (var. lak, see layh) AMT 18,11:8, cf., cf. ibid. 72:10, also PRT 81:2, 84:1, etc., wr.
wr. lu-'-ha Kocher BAM 29:8. lu-'-i-ti ibid. 22 r. 1, 83:2.
Note that an Ass. copy of Hh. replaces
ur'udu by a-lu-4, see Hh. XV 32f. cited lu'k v.; to defile, desecrate (a sanctuary,
alalli lex. section. a rite), to dirty (an object); from OB on;
In ZA 31 92 (VAS 1 32 i) 8 read wadib apsim,
II (ula'i, also ule'i, part. mula'u, also mule'd,
see apse mng. la-2'. stative OB luhhu), II/2; cf. lu'tu A, lu'd adj.,
tal'itu.
lu'f (fern. lu'tu and lu'itu) adj.; soiled, ki.si.ga kui.ga.[zu] ba.an.pe.el.la.m :
dirty, unclean, sullied; SB; cf. lu'd v. kisikklki elluiti ul-te-'i he has defiled your pure
Evil alii-demon §u pil.l1 ni.nu.t[e.n]a funerary offerings 4R Add. to pl. 19 No. 3:9f.,
he.me.en : sa qdte lu-'-a-ti la i[oah]hutu attu you see OECT 6 p. 37, cf. ki.si.ga.bi su ba.ab.la :
who do not shy away from unclean hands CT 16 [ki]-s8-gi-d ul-te-'i ((14 KAR 375 r. iii 11f., dupl.
27:22f., restored from BA 10/1 126 No. 48:9f.; 5R 52 No. 2:60f., see Notscher Ellil p. 101;
u 4 6.kur.ta mu.lu kus.e.sir ma.al.la im. su.luh.sikil.bi su na.lal.e : JuluhhuiSu elluiti
ku 4 .ra : inu ana i.KuR lu-'-u Z[rubu] when an la la ul-ta-'-u its holy rites which must not be
unclean person (Sum.: a man wearing shoes) entered defiled OECT 6 pl. 17 and p. 28 Rm. 97:7f.;
na.am.ama.na al.pe.el.la.na : a.lum mata:
the Ekur 4R 24 No. 2:9f.
lu-a-tu = qa-la-td (obscure) LTBA 2 2:184. ki§u §a ul-te-'-t for her chamber which had been
defiled BRM 4 9:13.
a) in gen.: rimki [lu]-'u-ti urammikuinni
they washed me with dirty water Maqlu I 105, a) to defile, desecrate (a sanctuary, a rite):
cf. urammikanni rim-ka lu-'-[a] AMT 92,1 uluhhsu U-le-'i-ma
(var. u-la-'-i-ma)
he de-
ii 14, also urammikanni rim-ki-v lu--MA-'a filed his (Marduk's) rites ZA 42 53:31 (Weidner
BRM 4 18:4, urammikSuma rim-iklu-'-a Chron.), and see 4R, KAR 375, in lex. sec-
ibid. 14; qdtd lu-'-a-ti ilputadi unclean hands tion; at-ti e Sa tu-la-'-in-ni you who have de-
have touched her (the sick woman, diagnosis) filed me (parallel tukassinni) Maqlu III 113,
Labat TDP 214:16, see also CT 16 27:22f., cf. ibid. 151, cf. also mu-la(var. -le)-'-i-tum sa
in lex. section; ullila sulle.unu lu-'-4-ti (var. sam mulappittu sa erseti she is the one who
258
oi.uchicago.edu
lu'fl lu'umu
defiles heaven, desecrates the nether world b) 11/2 passive: see OECT 6 pl. 17 and
ibid. 48; ezib sa lu'i lu'dtu agar biri usanni BRM 4 9:13, in lex. section.
quma 4-le-'-u disregard (the fact) that an un-
c) to dirty (an object): if in the "gate-of-
clean man or woman has come near the place
the-palace" sihha lu-uh-hu-ma - sihhu-
(where) the extispicy (was performed) and
marks are smeared YOS 10 22:19 and 24f. (OB
has defiled (it) PRT 11 r. 2, 16:13, 33 r. 1, etc.;
ext.).
ezib sa ina asrianni lu-'-i bira ibr~ ulu lu-'-2-ti
The passage mithasimma paniki lu-bi-im
usanniquma 4-ld-4 disregard (the fact) that
Kraus AbB 1 121 r. 11' is obscure.
in this place an unclean person has performed
the extispicy and that unclean persons have lu'umu v.; (mng. unkn.); SB.*
come near and defiled (the place) Knudtzon a e.a nu.me.a : a-hu-lap [x]-x-sar-tim
Gebete 72: 10, cf. ezib sa lu-'-u lu-'-u-tu ...
// la lu-'u-mu SBH p. 104 obv.(!) 6f.
u-le-'? ibid. 147:15, note the tabulation ibid. p.
35f.
259
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oi.uchicago.

MIGUEL CIVIL, IGNACE J. GELB, A. LEO OPPENHEIM, ERICA REINER

PUBLISHED BY THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, U.S.A.

AND J. J. AUGUSTIN VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG, GLOCKSTADT, GERMANY

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 56-58292

COPYRIGHT 1971 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago

Second Printing 1978

Third Printing 1992

PRINTED BY CUSHING-MALLOY, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

COMPOSITION BY J. J. AUGUSTIN, GLUCKSTADT, GERMANY

THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY

ERICA REINER, EDITOR

ROBERT D. BIGGS, ASSOCIATE EDITOR

WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF

ASSISTANT TO THE EDITORS

Provisional List of Bibliographical Abbreviations

A lexical series a A - ndqu logie et d'Histoire Orientales et

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

R. Jestin, Tablettes sumriennes de

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

Provisional List of BibliographicalAbbreviations

THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY

h) as first element in compounds: for la la adaru see addru B in la addru.

i) in proper names: La-e-du-ur-dA-Sur la amirtu see amirtu B in la amirtu.

1. to infect, said of li'bu-disease, to afflict la'tmu see lahmu and lemu.

lagallu see lagarru. laga'u (lagi) s.; scales, matter formed on

a) lahabu: imhur UR.BAR.RA la-ha-ba ubdndtuu kissura ... Ja qdtdausdrta l14-ma

laharitum s. (or adj.) fem.; (a garment); 1. lithuSu to murmur prayers: tasemme

dug.lahtan(NUNUZ.KISIM 5 XLA).gid.da = §-u, lahfi A s.; jaw; Nuzi, SB.

lallartu s.; (a leather strap); lex.* d) as name of a cricket - 1' lallaru:

lallartu see lallaru. 2' lallartu: see Hg. B III iv 8, in lex.

4. pleasant appearance, charms (of a d) abundant vegetation: matki limli

c) sumptuous decoration: I erected a a) in lit.: kima la-li-i-im ina majaliga

NITA HSS 9 52:2; x la-li-U SAL.MES HSS 16 lam see lama.

be surrounded completely! 4R 58 i 48 (Lamas-

KAR 377 r. 33, cf. bitu 9

CT 39 27:21; alu 2 dibuu UKU.ME the CT 23 8 ii 41, of. ibid. 5 i 6; Sio.HI~.ME.DA SA AB

p. 29. half sila of barley is to be touched before I

c) in OB - 1' mentioned beside persons gur ni.kud <x> a. a.§uku uku.us.e.ne

messengers from Babylon, are attached to h) in early NB: in enumeration of offi-

b) (with libbu as subject) to become angry: lummunu to treat badly, to defame:

c) persons and animals: he destroyed d) fields, etc., cities, countries: x garden

le'i laa le'fi ld

asU; [lu1.ni]g.hul.dim.ma lu-ni-hul-dim-ma mu-de-e sA DINGIR.MES lib-bu ru-d-qu ibid. pl. 62

2. mature young (of animals) - a) of

1. (an abnormal fleshy or membranous b) work, craft: maltdtu li-pi-it-ti dTAG.

liqit supr liqtu

have made images of me either of dough,

to herds of horses Leichty Izbu XX 2. c) as symbol of rank at court: kime ana

lubalakku s.; (mng. uncert.); OB lex.*; 1. clothing - a) in OB: lu(!)-ba-ar-ki .a

lu-bar 2 MA.NA KI.LA

lulidanitu see luluddnitu. 2' of gods: dGibil lu-li-mu l[i-x-ki-na]-si

luluntu see lulumtu. lumahhu B (lummdhu) s.; chief, chieftain;

lume particle; would that; RS.* summa MUL.DA.MUL [imur] if he sees a