Emmanuel Macron

Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron

Born 21 December 1977 is a French politician serving as President of the French

Republic since 2017.

Macron was born in Amiens and studied philosophy at Paris Nanterre University,
completed a Master's of Public Affairs at Sciences Po and graduated from
the École nationale d'administration (ENA) in 2004. He worked as a senior civil
servant at the Inspectorate General of Finances and later became an investment
banker at Rothschild & Cie Banque.
Macron is married to Brigitte Trogneux, 24 years his senior, who was a teacher in his high school, La
Providence High School in Amiens. They met during a theatre workshop that she was giving when he was a 15-
year-old student and she was a 39-year-old teacher, but they only became a couple once he was 18. His parents
initially attempted to separate the couple by sending him away to Paris to finish the final year of his schooling,
as they felt his youth made this relationship inappropriate. However, the couple reunited after Macron
graduated, and were married in 2007. She has three children from a previous marriage, but Macron has no
children of his own. Trogneux's role in Macron's 2017 presidential campaign has been considered pivotal, with
close Macron allies stating that Trogneux assisted Macron with developing skills such as public speaking.
His best man was Henry Hermand (1924–2016), a businessman who loaned €550,000 to Macron for the
purchase of his first apartment in Paris when he was Inspector of Finances. Hermand also let Macron use some
of his offices on the Avenue des Champs Élysées in Paris for his movement En marche.
In the 2002 French presidential election, Macron voted for souverainist Jean-Pierre Chevènement. In 2007,
Macron voted for Ségolène Royal in the second round of the presidential election.During the Socialist Party
primary in 2011, Macron voiced his support for François Hollande.
He is also a pianist, having studied piano for ten years in his youth, and especially enjoys the work
of Schumann and Liszt. Macron also skis, plays tennis and enjoys boxing. In addition to his native French,
Macron also speaks fluent English, as his great-grandfather is an Englishman from Bristol.
In August 2017, a photojournalist was arrested and detained by the police for six hours after he entered the
private residence where Macron was vacationing in Marseille. Macron subsequently filed a complaint for
"harassment."In September 2017, he dropped the complaint "as a gesture of appeasement."

On 27 August 2017, President Macron and his wife Brigitte adopted Nemo, a black Labrador Retriever-Griffon
dog who lives with them in the Élysée Palace.In June 2018, prior to meeting Pope Francis, Macron identified
himself as an agnostic despite having been baptised as a Roman Catholic when he was a schoolboy.

A fan of association football, Macron is a supporter of French club Olympique de Marseille. During the 2018
World Cup, he attended the semi-final between France and Belgium with the Belgian King Philippe and Queen
Mathilde. At the World Cup final against Croatia, Macron sat and celebrated alongside Croatian
president Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović. Macron's celebrations, reactions, and interactions with the Croatian
president drew widespread media attention, slightly lifting both leader's approval ratings.Photos of Macron
celebrating France's victory went viral on social media, with images of him standing on a table, kissing the
World Cup trophy, and standing in rainfall hugging French players circulating through international
press.Macron's affectionate embraces of Grabar-Kitarović also went viral on social media with the two leaders
parodied as an enamored couple.
Macron was appointed Deputy Secretary General to the President by François Hollande in May 2012. He was
appointed Minister of Economy, Industry and Digital Affairs (Finance Minister) in August 2014 under
the Second Valls government, where he pushed through business-friendly reforms. He resigned in August 2016
to launch a bid in the 2017 presidential election. After being a member of the Socialist Party from 2006 to 2009,
Macron ran in the election under the banner of a centrist political movement he founded in April 2016, En
Marche!
He won the election on 7 May 2017 with 66.1% of the vote in the second round. At age 39, Macron became the
youngest president of France in history and appointed Édouard Philippe to be Prime Minister. In the June 2017
legislative elections, Macron's party renamed "La République En Marche!" (LREM) secured a majority in
the National Assembly.
Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron is the son of Françoise Macron (née Noguès), a physician, and Jean-
Michel Macron, professor of neurology at the University of Picardy.The couple divorced in 2010. Macron has
two siblings, Laurent, born in 1979 and Estelle, born in 1982. Françoise and Jean-Michel's first child was
stillborn.
Macron was raised in a non-religious family, he was baptized a Roman Catholic at his own request at the age of
12 he is an agnostic person.

Macron qualified for the runoff after the first round of the election on 23 April 2017. He won the second round
of the presidential election on 7 May by a landslide according to preliminary results, making the candidate of
the National Front, Marine Le Pen, concede. At 39, he became the youngest President in French history and the
youngest French head of state since Napoleon. He is also the first President of France born after the
establishment of the Fifth Republic in 1958.
Macron formally became President on 14 May.He appointed Patrick Strzoda as his chief of staff and Ismaël
Emelien as his special advisor for strategy, communication and speeches. On 15 May, he appointed Édouard
Philippe of the Republicans as Prime Minister.On the same day, he made his first official foreign visit, meeting
in Berlin with Angela Merkel, the Chancellor of Germany. The two leaders emphasised the importance
of France–Germany relations to the European Union.They agreed to draw up a "common road map" for Europe,
insisting that neither was against changes to the Treaties of the European Union.

In the 2017 legislative election, Macron's party La République en marche and its Democratic Movement allies
secured a comfortable majority, winning 350 seats out of 577.After The Republicans emerged as the winners of
the Senate elections, government spokesman Christophe Castaner stated the elections were a "failure" for his
party.
Édouard Philippe

Édouard Charles Philippe

Born 28 November 1970) is a French politician serving as Prime Minister of the
French Republic since 15 May 2017 under President Emmanuel Macron.
A lawyer by occupation, Philippe is a former member of the Union for a
Popular Movement (UMP), which later became The Republicans . He served as
a member of the National Assembly representing the 7th constituency of Seine-
Maritime from 2012 to 2017, as well as Mayor of Le Havre and President of
the Agglomeration community of Le Havre from 2010 to 2017. After being
elected to the presidency in May 2017, President Macron appointed him Prime
Minister; Philippe subsequently named his government on 17 May.

Édouard Philippe, the son of French teachers, was born in Rouen in 1970 and grew up in a left-wing household.
He has one sibling, a sister. He comes from a family of dockworkers, a profession in which members of his
family are still employed. He grew up in a suburban neighbourhood in Rouen. He was at first a pupil at the
Michelet School in Rouen before moving to Grand-Quevilly where he attended Jean-Texier College and later
attending Lycée les Bruyères in Sotteville-lès-Rouen.
He obtained his baccalauréat at the École de Gaulle-Adenauer in Bonn, and after a year in hypokhâgne, he
studied at Sciences Po for three years and graduated in 1992, and later studied at the École nationale
d'administration from 1995 to 1997 (the "Marc Blochcohort").
Philippe served as an artillery officer during his national service in 1994. He continued to serve in the
operational reserve for several years afterwards.
In his years at Sciences Po, he supported Michel Rocard and was influenced by him, identifying with the
Rocardian and social democratic wings of the Socialist Party. His brief flirtation with the Socialists ended after
Rocard was toppled from the leadership of the Socialist Party. After leaving the ÉNA in 1997, he went on to
work at the Council of State, specializing in public procurement law.

Philippe is married to Edith Chabre, the executive director of the School of Law at Sciences Po. They have
three children.
Christian Dior

Christian Dior was a French fashion designer whose post–World War II

creations were wildly popular, and whose legacy continues to influence the
fashion industry.

Legendary fashion designer Christian Dior was born in northern France in 1905.
In 1947, Dior exploded onto the Paris fashion scene with designs that flew in
the face of wartime restrictions and reintroduced a femininity and focus on
luxury to women's fashion. His resulting success, based on the innovation of
both his designs and his business practices, made him the most successful
fashion designer in the world. His designs have been worn by film stars and
royalty alike, and his company continues to operate at the forefront of the
fashion industry. Dior died in Montecatini, Italy, in 1957, at the age of 52.

Christian Dior was born on January 21, 1905, in Granville, a seaside town in the north of France. He was the
second of five children born to Alexandre Louis Maurice Dior, the owner of a highly successful fertilizer
manufacturer, and his wife, Isabelle. When he was a boy, Dior's family moved to Paris, where he would spend
his youth. Although Dior was passionate about art and expressed an interest in becoming an architect, he
submitted to pressure from his father and, in 1925, enrolled at the École des Sciences Politiques to begin his
studies in political science, with the understanding that he would eventually find work as a diplomat.

After his graduation in 1928, however, Dior opened a small art gallery with money he received from his father,
who had agreed to lend his son his financial support on the condition that the family name would not appear
above the gallery door. In the few years it was open, Dior's gallery handled the works of such notable artists as
Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso, Jean Cocteau and Max Jacob. He was forced to close the gallery in 1931, a year
that included the deaths of both his older brother and mother and the financial collapse of his father's business.

Following the closing of his gallery, Dior began to make ends meet by selling his fashion sketches, and in 1935,
landed a job illustrating the magazine Figaro Illustré. Several years later, Dior was hired as a design assistant
by Paris couturier Robert Piguet. However, when World War II began the following year, Dior served in the
south of France as an officer in the French army.

Following France's surrender to Germany in 1940, Dior returned to Paris, where he was soon hired by couturier
Lucien Lelong. Throughout the remaining years of the war, Lelong's design house would consistently dress the
women of both Nazis and French collaborators. During this same time, Dior's younger sister, Catherine, was
working for the French Resistance. (She was captured and sent to a concentration camp, but survived; she was
eventually released in 1945.)
Jeanne Lanvin
Jeanne-Marie Lanvin ( 1 January 1867, Paris – 6 July 1946, Paris) was
the eldest of 11 children. She trained as a dressmaker at a French fashion
house called Talbot and then later worked as a milliner. She had the
passion, unique talent, energy and enormous potential. In 1890, backed by
a devoted client, she opened up a millinery shop (Coco Chanel also started
as a milliner and opened a millinery shop, before she went into fashion
design).
Jeanne Lanvin, who by now was a doting mother, also designed an
extensive mini-me wardrobe for her daughter Marguerite Marie-Blanche
di Pietro. She made such beautiful clothes for her daughter, using
sophisticated textiles and colours, that they began to attract the attention of
a number of wealthy people who requested copies for their own children
and Jeanne branched out into childrenswear.

Marguerite was the inspiration and driving force behind Lanvin’s designs.
Jeanne created the looks of eternal youth, so that her daughter was the
most beautiful woman in the world. Designing dream outfits that her daughter could wear gave Lanvin a chance
to relive her own life as she’d always dreamed of. The life she had to sacrifice to her work.
Following customer demand for adult versions of her exquisite children’s clothing, she created women’s and
girls’ lines. Her first garments follow the simple, Empire-waisted chemise silhouette. As a full-fledged
couturière, she now joined the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture and becomes known for her mother-and-
daughter outfits.

Jeanne was in her fifties when she became famous for her designs for grown-ups and was not like her rival,
Coco Chanel, designing for slim women, but continued her bouffant style for women with a larger size, like
Paul Poiret did. The robe de style bouffant dress became her signature piece.
Jeanne loved to work with expensive fabrics and her garments were easily recognisable for her masterful use of
embellishment, her delicate trimmings and her embroideries along with exquisite beadwork in floral inspired
colours. Often her embellishments included free-flowing ribbons, ruffles, flowers, lace or mirrors inspired by
her travels. Ornamentation included appliqué, couching, quilting, parallel stitching, embroidery and discreet use
of sequins.
Jeanne’s clothes were about perfection. She chose the fabrics, then developed her own colour schemes and
even built a dye factory in Nanterre in 1922 to achieve the subtle inimitable shades she was after. She used
pieces of mica, coral, minute shells, gold and silver threads, ribbons and raffia alongside of pearls and sequins,
so that the beading would match the fabric, the mood and the motif. Fabrics most often used were silk, taffeta,
velvet, silk chiffon, organza, lace, fur and tulle.
Unlike her rivals Coco Chanel, Paul Poiret or Elsa Schiaparelli, Jeanne Lanvin was a very private person – she
would rather stay on background than dissolve herself into the lights of fame and social glamour. Dressed in
black, she was more keen on concentrating on her designs and communicating with fabrics rather than people.
This was also the problem, Jeanne Lanvin had no public image and no public relations in the industry. Her
rivals all understood that they needed to embody their house in their own appearance, so they were tireless self-
promoters. Karl Elberfeld wrote about Jeanne: “Her image wasn’t as strong as that of Chanel because she was a
nice old lady and not a fashion plate”.

On the other hand, Jeanne was a great businesswoman and 1918 she took over the whole building at 22 Rue du
Faubourg Saint-Honore. It included two workrooms for semi-tailored clothes, two for tailored ones, one for
lingerie, one for hats, one that was used as a design studio, and two that were given over to embroidery; the
latter was a speciality which Lanvin, unlike other couturiers, did not entrust to outside workers.
And Jeanne did understand that fashion isn’t just about clothes, it is a way of life and in the 1920s she already
opened shops devoted to home décor (Lanvin Décoration, at 15 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré),
sportswear, menswear, furs, swimwear and lingerie. Lanvin became the first house to dress the whole family!

In 1924, Jeanne was one of the first couturiers to create a division for fragrances, Lanvin Parfums and the next
years a fragrance factory is constructed near Nanterre. Mon Peche scent debuted, but didn’t do so well untill the
name was changed into My Sin. In honor of Marguerite’s (who, by then, calls herself by her middle name:
Marie-Blanche) 30th birthday Arpege, lanvin’s first perfume, debuted. Later many new fragrances followed,
like Scandal, Eau de Lanvin and Rumeur.
During WWII, Jeanne continued to operate her house, creating special collections for women engaged in war
work and regulation uniforms for female armed-service members.

In 1946, Jeanne Lanvin died at age 79. her daughter, Marie- Blanche de Polignac took ownership until she
herself passed in 1958, and the house of Lanvin went to their cousin Yves Lanvin. From then on the label
passed from hand to hand. By the time Alber Elbaz took over in 2002 it was the oldest fashion house in
continuous operation, and despite its dimmed reputation, it somehow survived and overnight became a huge
success again!
René Lacoste
René Lacoste, in full Jean-René Lacoste, (born July 2, 1904, Paris,
France—died Oct. 12, 1996, Saint-Jean-de-Luz), French tennis player who
was a leading competitor in the late 1920s. As one of the powerful Four
Musketeers (the others were Jean Borotra, Henri Cochet, and Jacques
Brugnon), he helped France win its first Davis Cup in 1927, starting its six-
year domination of the cup. Later on he was better known for his successful
sportswear company.
Lacoste, who was nicknamed “the crocodile,” won the Wimbledon singles
in 1925 and 1928, the French singles in 1925, 1927, and 1929, and became
the first foreigner to win the U.S. championship twice (1926–27). With
Borotra, he won the British doubles in 1925 and the French doubles in
1924, 1925, and 1929.

A methodical player, Lacoste would study every aspect of tennis before a match, and he would wait for an
opponent to weaken. His best-known game was perhaps the 1927 U.S. championship, in which he drove Bill
Tilden to exhaustion in the two-hour final. After winning the 1929 French championship, Lacoste retired.
Decades later, sportshirts and other items of apparel with his “crocodile” emblem (although somehow changed
to an alligator) became popular throughout the world. He and his fellow “musketeers” were elected to the
International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1976.

Rene Lacoste was born to Jeanne-Marie Magdeleine Larrieu-Let and Jean-Jules Lacoste. His maternal family is
from Monein, in SW France, the genealogy dating back to the 1700s. . In 2016 a meme surfaced that purported
that Lacoste was of black Jamaican origin from his mother's side.
On 30 June 1930 he married golfing champion Simone de la Chaume. Their daughter Catherine Lacoste was a
champion golfer and president of the Golf Club Chantaco, founded by her mother, at a few kilometres from St.
Jean-de-Luz.

In 1933, Lacoste founded La Société Chemise Lacoste with André Gillier. The company produced the tennis
shirt, also known as a "polo shirt," which Lacoste often wore when he was playing; this had a crocodile (often
thought to be an alligator) embroidered on the chest. In 1963, Lacoste's son Bernard took over the management
of the company.

Lacoste was primarily a baseline player who relied on control, accuracy, and deeply-placed groundstrokes to
put pressure on his opponents. In addition he possessed an excellent passing shot and backhand slice.
Nicknamed the 'Tennis Machine' for his methodical game and ability to avoid errors, he was known as a
devoted and hard-working player, rather than a player with a great amount of natural talent. His style was a
complete contrast to that of his fellow Musketeer Henri Cochet. Lacoste was a studious tactician who
meticulously analysed his opponents and kept detailed notes on their strengths and weaknesses.
Hermès
Hermès International S.A., or simply Hermès French pronunciation: is a
French high fashion luxury goodsmanufacturer established in 1837. It specializes
in leather, lifestyle accessories, home furnishings, perfumery, jewellery, watches
and ready-to-wear. Its logo, since the 1950s, is of a Duc carriage with
horse. Nadège Vanhee-Cybulski is the current creative director.

Thierry Hermès was born in Krefeld, Germany, to a French father and a German
mother. The family moved to France in 1828. In 1837, Hermès first established a
harness workshop in the Grands Boulevards quarter of Paris, dedicated to
serving European noblemen. He created high-quality wrought harnesses and
bridles for the carriage trade, winning several awards including the first prize in
its class in 1855 and again in 1867 at the Expositions Universelles in Paris.
Hermès's son, Charles-Émile, took over management from his father in 1880 and moved the shop to 24 rue du
Faubourg Saint-Honoré, where it remains. With the help of his sons Adolphe and Émile-Maurice, Charles-
Émile introduced saddlery and started selling his products retail The company catered to the élite of Europe,
North Africa, Russia, Asia, and the Americas. In 1900, the firm offered the Haut à Courroies bag, specially
designed for riders to carry their saddles with them.

After Charles-Émile Hermès's retirement, sons Adolphe and Émile-Maurice took leadership and renamed the
company Hermès Frères. Shortly after, Émile-Maurice began furnishing the czar of Russia with saddles, by
1914, up to 80 saddle craftsmen were employed. Subsequently, Émile-Maurice was granted the exclusive rights
to use the zipper for leather goods and clothing, becoming the first to introduce the device in France. In 1918,
Hermès introduced the first leather golf jacket with a zipper, made for Edward, Prince of Wales. Because of its
exclusive rights arrangement the zipper became known in France as the fermeture Hermès (Hermès fastener).

Throughout the 1920s when he was the sole head of the firm, Émile-Maurice added accessories and clothing
collections. He also groomed his three sons-in-law (Robert Dumas, Jean-René Guerrand, and Francis Puech) as
business partners. In 1922, the first leather handbags were introduced after Émile-Maurice's wife complained of
not being able to find one to her liking. Émile-Maurice created the handbag collection himself.

In 1924, Hermès established a presence in the United States and opened two shops outside of Paris. In 1929, the
first women's coutureapparel collection was previewed in Paris. During the 1930s, Hermès introduced some of
its most recognized original goods such as the leather "Sac à dépêches" in 1935 (later renamed the "Kelly bag"
after Grace Kelly) and the Hermès carrés (square scarves) in 1937.
The scarves became integrated into French culture. In 1938, the "Chaîne d'ancre" bracelet and the riding jacket
and outfit joined the classic collection. By this point, the company's designers began to draw inspirations from
paintings, books, and objets d'art. The 1930s also witnessed Hermès's entry into the United States market by
offering products in a Neiman Marcus department store in New York; however, it later withdrew. In 1949, the
same year as the launch of the Hermès silk tie, the first perfume, "Eau d'Hermès", was produced.
From the mid-1930s, Hermès employed Swiss watchmaker Universal Genève as the brand's first and exclusive
designer of timepieces, producing a line of men's wrist chronographs (manufactured in 18K gold or stainless
steel) and women's Art Déco cuff watches in 18K gold, steel, or platinum. Both models contained dials signed
either "Hermès" or "Hermès Universal Genève", while the watch movements were signed "Universal Genève
S.A.". The Hermès/Universal partnership lasted until the 1950s.
Émile-Maurice summarized the Hermès philosophy during his leadership as "leather, sport, and a tradition of
refined elegance.