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    Eigenbasis

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    Vidushi
    The document discusses eigenbases, which are bases for Rn consisting entirely of eigenvectors of a matrix A. To find an eigenbasis, you find a basis for each eigenspace of A. The collection of these basis vectors forms an eigenbasis for A. Unlike other bases, combining eigenvectors from different eigenspaces always yields a linearly independent set. An example finds the eigenbasis for a 3x3 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 4 (of multiplicity 2). Exercises ask to find eigenbases for other matrices and express vectors as linear combinations of the eigenbasis.

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    Eigenbasis

    Uploaded by

    Vidushi
    137 views1 page
    The document discusses eigenbases, which are bases for Rn consisting entirely of eigenvectors of a matrix A. To find an eigenbasis, you find a basis for each eigenspace of A. The collection of these basis vectors forms an eigenbasis for A. Unlike other bases, combining eigenvectors from different eigenspaces always yields a linearly independent set. An example finds the eigenbasis for a 3x3 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 4 (of multiplicity 2). Exercises ask to find eigenbases for other matrices and express vectors as linear combinations of the eigenbasis.

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    The document discusses eigenbases, which are bases for Rn consisting entirely of eigenvectors of a matrix A. To find an eigenbasis, you find a basis for each eigenspace of A. The collection of these basis vectors forms an eigenbasis for A. Unlike other bases, combining eigenvectors from different eigenspaces always yields a linearly independent set. An example finds the eigenbasis for a 3x3 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 4 (of multiplicity 2). Exercises ask to find eigenbases for other matrices and express vectors as linear combinations of the eigenbasis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    137 views1 page

    Eigenbasis

    Uploaded by

    Vidushi
    The document discusses eigenbases, which are bases for Rn consisting entirely of eigenvectors of a matrix A. To find an eigenbasis, you find a basis for each eigenspace of A. The collection of these basis vectors forms an eigenbasis for A. Unlike other bases, combining eigenvectors from different eigenspaces always yields a linearly independent set. An example finds the eigenbasis for a 3x3 matrix with eigenvalues 3 and 4 (of multiplicity 2). Exercises ask to find eigenbases for other matrices and express vectors as linear combinations of the eigenbasis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    EIGENBASES

    NATHAN GRIGG

    Let A be an n × n matrix. An eigenbasis corresponding to A is a basis for Rn


    consisting entirely of eigenvectors for A. Such a basis only exists if A is diagonaliz-
    able (or not defective). To find an eigenbasis, you find a basis for each eigenspace
    of A. The collection of all these basis vectors for an eigenbasis for A.
    The fact that you get a basis for Rn is kind of special. Usually, combining two
    linearly independent sets doesn’t give you a new linearly independent set, but it does
    when each linearly independent set consists of eigenvectors, each set for a different
    eigenvalue. You can prove this in pretty much the same way you would prove that
    any two eigenvectors that have different eigenvalues are linearly independent.
     
    −83 4 35
    Example. The matrix A =  −348 20 140  has eigenvalues 3, 4, 4. The
     −174 8 74
      
     35 4 
    eigenspace E4 has a basis  0  ,  87  , and the eigenspace E3 has a basis
    87 0
     
           
     1   35 4 1 
     4  . So an eigenbasis corresponding to A is  0  ,  87  ,  4  .
    2 87 0 2
       

    Exercises.
       
    3 0 −3 1
    (1) Find an eigenbasis corresponding to A =  0 3 −3 . Write x =  2 
    0 0 0 3
    as a linear combination of the basis and use this to find A10 x.
     
    0 −1 1
    (2) Find an eigenbasis corresponding to A =  −1 0 1 . Write x =
      1 −1 0
    x
     y  as a linear combination of the basis and use this to find a general
    z
    formula for At x.

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