Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                

Types of Rocks: Rocks Are Not All The Same!

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 1

Types of Rocks

Rocks are not all the same!


The three main types, or classes, of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous and the
differences among them have to do with how they are formed.

Sedimentary
Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material.
Together, all these particles are called sediment. Gradually, the sediment accumulates in layers and
over a long period of time hardens into rock. Generally, sedimentary rock is fairly soft and may break
apart or crumble easily. You can often see sand, pebbles, or stones in the rock, and it is usually the
only type that contains fossils.

Examples of this rock type include conglomerate and limestone.

Metamorphic
Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis (change) that
occurs due to intense heat and pressure (squeezing). The rocks that result from these processes often
have ribbonlike layers and may have shiny crystals, formed by minerals growing slowly over time, on
their surface.

Examples of this rock type include gneiss and marble.

Igneous
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (molten rock deep within the earth) cools and hardens.
Sometimes the magma cools inside the earth, and other times it erupts onto the surface from
volcanoes (in this case, it is called lava). When lava cools very quickly, no crystals form and the rock
looks shiny and glasslike. Sometimes gas bubbles are trapped in the rock during the cooling process,
leaving tiny holes and spaces in the rock.

Examples of this rock type include basalt and obsidian.

You might also like