Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 234 views

    Matter and Its States of Aggregation

    Uploaded by

    nimolesa
    The document discusses the states of matter and kinetic molecular theory. It describes the three common states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - and how they differ based on the strength of attraction between particles and ability to be compressed. Kinetic molecular theory holds that particles are always in motion and collide with each other. The theory explains the properties of different states of matter and how changing temperature can cause changes in state, such as melting solids into liquids and vaporizing liquids into gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Matter and Its States of Aggregation

    Uploaded by

    nimolesa
    234 views3 pages
    The document discusses the states of matter and kinetic molecular theory. It describes the three common states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - and how they differ based on the strength of attraction between particles and ability to be compressed. Kinetic molecular theory holds that particles are always in motion and collide with each other. The theory explains the properties of different states of matter and how changing temperature can cause changes in state, such as melting solids into liquids and vaporizing liquids into gases.

    Original Description:

    Physics and Chemistry. 3º eso

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the states of matter and kinetic molecular theory. It describes the three common states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - and how they differ based on the strength of attraction between particles and ability to be compressed. Kinetic molecular theory holds that particles are always in motion and collide with each other. The theory explains the properties of different states of matter and how changing temperature can cause changes in state, such as melting solids into liquids and vaporizing liquids into gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    234 views3 pages

    Matter and Its States of Aggregation

    Uploaded by

    nimolesa
    The document discusses the states of matter and kinetic molecular theory. It describes the three common states of matter - solid, liquid, and gas - and how they differ based on the strength of attraction between particles and ability to be compressed. Kinetic molecular theory holds that particles are always in motion and collide with each other. The theory explains the properties of different states of matter and how changing temperature can cause changes in state, such as melting solids into liquids and vaporizing liquids into gases.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    MATTER AND ITS STATES OF AGGREGATION

    MATTER.
    It's everything that has a mass and occupies some space.

    M
    Matter density d = m/v
    V

    STATES OF AGGREGATION

    They are solid, liquid and gas. The state of aggregation of a substance depends on:

    - The intensity of the attraction between the elementary particles the substance is made of.
    - The pressure and temperature at which it is found.

     Characteristics of the states of matter.

    - Solid.

    The particles attract one another with intense forces.


    o Solids are rigid and cannot flow.
    o They take on specific shape and volume. Their internal structure is organised.
    o They are difficult to compress, so to reduce their volume we need a lot of pressure.

    - Liquid.

    The forces of attraction between particles are not as intense as in solids.


    o Liquids can flow, so their structure is random.
    o They take the shape of the container they are put in. They have their own volume.
    o They can be compressed easier than solids.

    - Gas.

    The forces of attraction between particles are very weak, can move freely and are far from
    another.
    o Gases are fluid.
    o They don't have neither specific shape nor volume. They occupy the space available.
    o They can be easily compressed.

     Changes in the state.

    Matter can change if the pressure and temperature conditions are modified. The characteristics of
    these changes are:

    - For each pressure, changes in the state are defined by a fixed temperature value, called the
    change-of-state temperature.
    1
    - They can be reversed if return to previous conditions.
    - The temperature remains constant while a pure substance undergoes a change of state.
    - Changes in the state are also defined by the pressure.

    Mirar esquema del cuaderno y ejercicios hechos en clases.


    Ejercicio hecho de la página 31.

    KINETIC MELECULAR THEORY, KMT

     KMT, hypotheses.

    1. Gases are formed by very small particles (molecules and atoms) which are in continuous
    movement at random.

    2
    2. There are great gaps between particles in gases creating a lot of space between them which is
    empty.

    3. Gas particles collide with one another and against the container they are in.

    4. Particles do not interact with one another, unless they collide.

    5. When particles move faster, they are hotter. On the contrary, when they travel slowly,
    temperature is lower.

    6. Energy of the movement (kinetic energy) depends on the speed. When temperature is
    increased, particles move faster and have more kinetic energy.

    KMT tells us :

    - Particles of matter are always in motion.

    - This motion has consequences (properties) and explains the different states of
    aggregation and the changes in state.

     KMT, and the states of matter.

    KMT also explains the condensation phases in which the forces of attraction between particles are
    very intense.

    Changes of the state by effects of temperature:

    1- Melting.

    Temperature of a solid rises increasing the kinetic energy of the particles, and can leave their fixed
    positions. Then, they can flow with a little degree of freedom. This is how liquids are formed.

    2- Vaporisation.

    If we increase the temperature of the liquid, the kinetic energy of the particles increases as well.
    As a result, the particles separate more from each other. This is how gas is formed.

    You might also like