State: TAMIL NADU

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: COIMBATORE

1.0 District Agriculture profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone
Agro Ecological Region /Sub Region Tamil Nadu uplands and leeward flanks of south Sahyadris, hot, dry semi-arid eco-subregion (8.1)
(ICAR)

Agro-Climatic Region (Planning West Coast Plains And Ghat Region, Southern Plateau And Hills Region (XII, X)
Commission)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) High Altitude And Hilly Zone and Western Zone (TN-7, TN-3)
List all the districts or part thereof Coimbatore, Erode, Namakkal (Thiruchengodu), Karur (Karur and Manapparai), Dindigul (Nilakottai and Palani),
falling under the NARP Zone Madurai (Usilampatti) and Theni( Uthamapalayam and Periyakulam)
Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude
11°01'06.00" N 76°58'2900" E 463.6 m

Name and address of the concerned Nil

ZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS
Mention the Agricultural College and Agricultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore - 641003
Research Institute and research station
located in the district
Mention the KVK located in the district TNAU-KVK, Coimbatore -641003
1.2 Rainfall Average Normal Onset Normal Cessation
(mm)
SW monsoon (June-Sep): 153 2nd week of June (23rd Std. week) 1st week of October (40th Std. week)
NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 307 2nd week of October (41st Std. week) 4th week of December (52nd Std. week)
Winter (Jan- Feb) 31
Summer (Mar-May) 113
Annual 604
1.3 Land use Geographic Forest Land under Permanent Cultivable Land under Barren and Current Net Other
pattern of al area area non- pastures wasteland Misc. tree uncultivable fallows cultivable fallows
the agricultural crops and Land area
district use groves
Area 747.1 158.8 109.9 0.1 13.0 3.4 6.6 96.6 51.2 747.1
(‘000 ha)

1. 4 Major Soils Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total

Deep black soil 87.6 18.1
Deep red soils 86.5 17.8
Misc./WB/Settlement soils 28.8
Moderately deep black 74.6 15.4
soils
Moderately deep red soils 35.9 7.4
Moderately shallow black 1.3
6.2
soils
Moderately shallow red 65.7
13.6
soils
Shallow black soils 2.9 0.6
Shallow red soils 59.4 12.3
Very deep black soils 22.9 4.7
Very deep red soils 7.5 1.6
Very shallow black soils 4.6 1.0
Very shallow red soils 1.8 0.4

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (`000ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 312.9

Area sown more than once 17.7 105.7

Gross cropped area 330.6

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1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)
Net irrigated area 175.4

Gross irrigated area 185.8

Rainfed area 137.5

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) % area

Canals 47.8 26.7

Tanks 1.4 0.8

Tube wells & filter points 26.5 14.8

Lift irrigation schmes 69.5 62.1

Reservoirs 1.1 1.0
Total 147.9 91.1
Pumpsets (number) 69220 Nos

Micro-irrigation
Groundwater availability No. of blocks % area Quality of water
and use
Over exploited 10 83.3 Salinity level: 58 % good, 33% moderate and 9% poor
Critical 1 08.3 Residual Sodium Carbonate: 53% good, 46% moderate
Semi- critical 1 08.3 and 1% poor
Sodium Adsorption Ratio:100 % good
Safe - -
Wastewater availability Data not available
and use

*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%

3
Area under major field crops & horticulture etc.
1.7 [Link]. Major field crops cultivated Area (‘000 ha)
Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed
1 Sorghum 0.8 23.4 0.4 9.8 34.4
2 Groundnut 0.6 5.5 1.0 1.0 8.2
3 Maize 2.0 0.3 2.3 1.0 5.6
4 Cow pea 0.2 3.6 - 0.9 4.8
5 Rice 1.6 0.9 0.0 2.5
6 Sugarcane 2.5 2.6
7 Horsegram - 0.8 - 1.0 1.9
8 Bengalgram - 0.3 - 1.3 1.6
9 Greengram - 1129 - 431 1.5
10 Cotton 0.7 501 1.2
11 Blackgram 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.3 1.1
Horticultural Crops – Vegetables Area (‘000 ha)
1 Tomato 3.3
2 Tapioca 0.8
3 Onion 0.7
4 Brinjal 0.4
5 Bhendi 0.4
Horticultural Crops – Fruits Area (‘000 ha)
1 Banana 9.8
2 Mango 2.5
3 Grapes 0.2
4 Sapota 0.2
5 Amla 0.4
Plantation crops Area (‘000 ha)
1 Coconut 76.9
2 Coffee 2.3
3 Tea 11.0
Total fodder crop area 2.5

4
1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 15.8 13.7 29.6

Crossbred cattle 59.3 254.4 313.7

Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low 6.5 29.9 36.4

yielding)
Graded Buffaloes
Goat 230.5

Sheep 122.8

Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc.)

Commercial dairy farms (Number) More than 500
1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)
Commercial 290 1,779.0
Backyard 47.8

1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture
i) Marine (Data Source: Fisheries No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage facilities
Department) (Ice plants etc.)
Mechanized Non- Mechanized Non-mechanized
mechanized (Trawl nets, (Shore Seines,
Gill nets) Stake & trap nets)

ii) Inland (Data Source: Fisheries No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks
Department)
- 9 77
B. Culture
Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ - - -

Fisheries Department)
ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries - - -
Department)
Others

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1.11 Production and Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Productivity of major
Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity
crops
( t) (kg/ha) ( t) (kg/ha) ( t) (kg/ha) ( ‘000 t) (kg/ha)
1 Sorghum 34.7 1073

2 Groundnut 21.7 1988

3 Maize 0.7 5386

4 Cowpea 1.0 214

5 Rice 4.0 3448 12.6 4000 3.7 4000 20.4 3816

6 Cotton 7.7 362

Major Horticultural crops
1 Banana 287.2 39846
2 Tomato 74.8 13827
3 Tapioca 26.7 40360
4 Onion 26.3 11678
5 Brinjal 13.8 19924

1.12 Sowing window for 5 Sorghum Groundnut Maize Rice Cotton

major crops
(start and end of sowing
period)
Kharif- Rainfed June 1st week to July May 2nd week – June ---- June 4th week – July 2nd
1st week 2nd week week
Kharif-Irrigated --- May - June July 1st FN to Aug 1st July 1st week – 3rd Aug 1st week - 4th week
week week
Rabi- Rainfed Sep 3nd week – Oct Oct 2nd week to Nov 1st ----- Sep 4th week – Oct 2nd
2nd week week week
Rabi-Irrigated January 4th week- Dec 2nd week – Jan1st Nov 2nd t week – Dec Sep.1st week – 3rd
Feb. 2nd t week week 4th week week

6
1.13 What is the major contingency the
district is prone to? (Tick mark and
Regular Occasional None
mention years if known during the last 10
year period)
Drought
√
Flood
√
Cyclone
√
Hail storm
√
High intense storms
√
Heat wave
√
Cold wave
√
High wind
√
Frost
√
Sea water intrusion
√
Pests and diseases
√
Sorghum Shoot fly, Stem borer,
Ear head bug , Ergot Ear head caterpillar, Grain midge,
Leaf spot, Mite, Rust, Head mould, Charcoal rot
Downy mildew
Leaf minor, Thrips, Pod borer,
Groundnut Red hairy caterpillar, Millipede
Root rot, Tikka leaf spot, Rust
Stem borer, Aphid, Downy mildew
Maize Cob borer, Shoot fly, Leaf spot

Cowpea Apid, stem fly, Pod borer, Rust

7
 Stem borer, Leaf folder, Thrips, Sheeth rot, sheeth blight,
Rice Brown plant hopper Ear head bug, Bacterial leaf blight, Brown spot,
Blast, Rice Thungro Virus
Sucking pests (Thrips, Aphid, Leaf
Cotton hopper, White flies), Stem weevil, Root rot, Alternaria leaf spot
Boll rot Wilt, Mealy bug

1.14 Include Digital maps of the Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
district for
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes
Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes

8
Annexure 1. Location map of Coimbatore district and the blocks

9
 Annexure 2. Mean annual rainfall of Coimbatore district
of Tamil Nadu
180
157
160

140

120 112
Rainfall (mm)

100

80
67
60
46 43 42
38 38
40 30

20 11 8 12

0
Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

10
Annexure 3. Soil map of Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu

11
2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures for Kharif
Early season Major Normal Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed Farming Crop/cropping crop/cropping system Implementation
onset) situation system
Delay by 2 weeks Red and Groundnut / No change
Mechanical sowing with tractor drawn seed Linkage with
(4th week of June) Black soils sorghum /maize / drills to speed up the sowing to capture moisture NREGA for SWC
sunflower / Pearl for germination measures

Seed hardening
millet Sorghum – 2% KH2PO4 (Dissolve 20 g KH2PO4
in one litre of water) or 500ppm CCC(1ml in 1
litre of water) for 6 hours and shade dry – use
350 ml for 1kg seeds
Groundnut - 0.5% KCL for 6 hours
Sunflower – 2% ZnSO4 for 12 hours (20g in one
litre of water) shade dry and used for sowing

Supplemental irrigation

In situ SWC measures in fallow: opening up of
ridges and furrows

Broad bed furrow
Delay by 4 weeks Red and Black Groundnut / No change
Mechanical sowing Linkage with
(2nd week of July) soils sorghum / maize / Groundnut (CO 2, VRI
Seed hardening NREGA for SWC
sunflower / Pearl 2, VRIGn5, ALR 3, Sorghum – 2% KH2PO4 (Dissolve 20g KH2PO4 measures
COGn 5, TMV 7) / in one litre of water) or 500ppm CCC(1ml in 1
millet litre of water) for 6 hours and shade dry – use
Sorghum (CO 26, 350 ml for 1kg seeds
CO(S) 28, BSR 1, COH Groundnut - 0.5% KCL for 6 hours
4) /Maize(CO 1, Sunflower – 2% ZnSO4 for 12 hours (20g in one
COH(M) 4, 5, COBC 1) litre of water) shade dry and used for sowing
/ Sunflower(CO 4,
Following weather based agro advisory for
harvesting
Morden, TCSH 1, KBSH
Using rain gun or supplemental irrigation if
1, KBSH 44, PHC 1091, available
MSFH 1) /
In situ SWC measures in fallow: opening up of
Pearl millet(CO 9, CO ridges and furrows
13CO(Ra) 14, Paiyur 1)

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 Condition Suggested Contingency measures for Kharif
Early season Major Normal Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed Farming Crop/cropping crop/cropping system Implementation
onset) situation system
Delay by 6 weeks Red and Black Groundnut / maize / Pure crop of
Sowing along the contour
(4th week of July) soils cotton / sunflower Sorghum (CO 26,
In situ SWC measures in fallow: opening up of
CO(S) 28, BSR 1, COH ridges and furrows
4) /
Adopt Broad bed furrow system
Pearl millet (CO 9, CO
13CO(Ra) 14, Paiyur 1)/
Horse gram (Co 1,
Paiyur 1, 2)
Delay by 8 weeks Red and Black Groundnut / maize / Advanced rabi season ----
(2nd week of soils cotton / sunflower crop cultivation -
August)

Early season Major Normal Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on

drought (delayed Farming Crop/cropping crop/cropping system Implementation
onset) situation system
Delay by 2 weeks Red and Black Groundnut / maize/ No change
Pre-monsoon sowing on 38th to 40th week. Implement through
(4th week of soils Sunflower/ rabi location wise details are given in crop production State Dept. of
October) pulses guide Agriculture

Seed hardening
Groundnut - 0.5% KCL for 6 hours
Sunflower – 2% ZnSO4 for 12 hours (20g in one
litre of water) shade dry and used for sowing

Summer ploughing

Supplemental irrigation especially for maize
Delay by 4 weeks Red and Black Sorghum / ground Pearl millet(CO 9, CO
Early maturing varieties
(2nd week of soils nut /Pulses 13CO(Ra) 14, Paiyur 1)
Supplemental irrigation
November) raised as intercrop
Wider row spacing.
Groundnut(CO 2, VRI
15% Higher seed rate
2, VRIGn5, ALR 3, Sorghum – 17.25 kg/ha
COGn 5, TMV 7) Groundnut – 160 kg/ha (kernels)
intercropped with Pulses – 23 kg/ha
Sesame(4:1),
In situ SWC measures in fallow: opening up of
Blackgram(CO 5, VBN ridges and furrows

13
 1,2,3, VBN(BG) 4) (4:1)
or Cowpea(Co 2, 6
CO(CP) 7, VBN 2,
Paiyur 1) (6:1)
Delay by 6 weeks Red and Black Groundnut Pure crop of
Sowing along the contour Linkage with
(4th week of soils Bengal gram Sorghum (CO 26,
In situ SWC measures in fallow: opening up of NREGA for SWC
November) CO(S) 28, BSR 1, COH ridges and furrows measures
4) /
Pearl millet (CO 9, CO
13CO(Ra) 14, Paiyur 1)/
Horse gram (Co 1,
Paiyur 1, 2)
Delay by 8 weeks Red and Black Groundnut Raising summer season ----
2nd week of soils Bengal gram crop early
December Sorghum (CO 26,
CO(S) 28, BSR 1, COH
4) /Maize(CO 1,
COH(M) 4, 5, COBC 1)
/ Sunflower(CO 4,
Morden, TCSH 1, KBSH
1, KBSH 44, PHC 1091,
MSFH 1) /
Pearl millet(CO 9, CO
13CO(Ra) 14, Paiyur 1)

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (Normal Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
onset) situation system
15-20 days dry spell Red and Black Maize / Pearl millet
Seed hardening with
Sowing along the contour ridging after three Seeds supply
after sowing leading soils / Cotton / Sunflower chemicals weeks through State Dept.
to poor /Sorghum /
Initial drought of 15-
Compartmental bunding, Ridge and Furrows, of Agriculture by
germination/crop 20 days will not affect Tied ridges to conserve rain water during kharif utilizing various
stand etc.) Groundnut / pulses germination / crop for regular sowing of rabi crops schemes like
stand. It actually ISOPOM, minikit,
helps groundnut crop etc.
for profuse and
synchronous
flowering

14
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (Normal Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
onset) situation system

Going for alternate
crops

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Mid season Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (long dry Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
spell, > 2 situation system
consecutive weeks
rainless (>2.5 mm)
period
At vegetative stage Red and Black Maize / Pearl millet
Supplemental
Sowing along the contour and ridging after three
soils / Cotton / Sunflower irrigation weeks.
/ Sorghum /
Rain gun irrigation if
Thinning or reducing the plant population
available
Opening of conservation furrows at an interval
Groundnut / pulses
Mulching for of 15-20 m
moisture
conservation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Mid season Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (long dry Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
spell) situation system
At reproductive Red and Black Maize / Pearl millet
Severe drought years,
Thinning or reducing the plant population
stage soils / Cotton / Sunflower crop will be harvested
Soil dust mulching
/ Sorghum / for fodder purpose.

Supplemental
Groundnut / pulses irrigation with
harvested rain water
in ponds (10 mm
depth.)

Ratooning of
sorghum and bajra

spraying cycocel

15
 Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Mid season Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
drought (long dry Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
spell) situation system

Spray anti-transparent
Kaolin@ 5%

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Terminal drought Major Normal Crop management Soil management Remarks on
Farming Crop/cropping Implementation
situation system
Red and Black Maize / Pearl millet
Recycling the
Soil dust mulching
soils / Cotton / Sunflower harvesting rainwater
/ Sorghum /
Inter cultivation and
weeding
Groundnut / pulses
Harvest and use as
fodder

2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Crop/cropping Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system crop/cropping system Implementation
Delayed/ limited [Link] irrigated Rice based cropping Less water required 1. Direct seeding of short duration rice varieties 1. Weed problem
release of water in red soils systems crops like ground nut/ 2. Short duration drought tolerant varieties in direct
canals due to low [Link] irrigated Groundnut based sunflower/ sesame [Link] at critical stages seeded rice
rainfall black soils /pulses/ maize/ Tapioca 4. Adopting micro irrigation systems drip/sprinkler 2. High initial
[Link] irrigated red cropping systems 5. Mulching investment
soils Maize based for micro
[Link] irrigated cropping systems irrigation
black soils Sugarcane
Banana

16
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Crop/cropping Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
Farming system crop/cropping system Implementation
situation
Non release of [Link] Rice/Maize/Groun 1. Drought tolerant variety
water in canals irrigated red dnut/Vegetables Maize/sorghum (grain and [Link] with pulses
under delayed soils fodder)/ pearl millet / 3. Supplemental irrigation
onset of monsoon [Link] pulses during October as 4. Mid term corrections like mulching, spraying
in catchment irrigated black rainfed crops. anti-transparent Kaolin@ 5%
soils
[Link] irrigated
red soils
[Link] irrigated
black soils

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Crop/cropping Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system crop/cropping system Implementation
Lack of inflows
into tanks due to
insufficient - - - - -
/delayed onset of
monsoon

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Crop/cropping Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system crop/cropping system Implementation
Insufficient Lift irrigated red Cotton, maize, Growing less water 1. Restricted crop activity High initial investment
groundwater soils and black sugarcane, required crops like 2. Timely sowing is advised for micro irrigation
recharge due to soils vegetables and fruit sorghum, cumbu, 3. Adopting Micro irrigation systems
low rainfall sunflower, pulses instead [Link] at critical stages
crops of high water required 4. Skip furrow / alternate furrow irrigation
crops 5. Mulching

17
2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Continuous high Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
rainfall in a short
span leading to
water logging
Sorghum - Suitable plant protection measures to Drain excess water and Immediately after harvesting drying of
control pest and diseases Weather based advisory to be produce by mechanical drier
Drain excess water followed for harvesting.
Maize Adjust top dressing of N Timely plant protection measures are Proper drainage facility Use Combined harvester / Mechanical
to be taken against sucking pests and threshing
downy mildew
Ground nut Drainage Plant protection Provision of drainage
Delayed top dressing

2.3 Floods - Not applicable

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave / Frost / Hailstorm / Cyclone – Not applicable

18
2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

2.5.1 Livestock

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
Feed and As the district is moderately prone to draught, all Promotion of cultivation of Horse gram as contingent crop and Encourage progressive farmers to grow multi
Fodder the available crop residues especially sorghum harvesting it at vegetative phase as fodder cut fodder crops of sorghum/bajra/maize(UP
availability straw, groundnut haulms, paddy straw, and Harvest and use all the failed crop (Sorghum, Groundnut, chari, MP chari, HC-136, HD-2, GAINT
sugarcane tops should be stored properly in the Maize, cow pea, Paddy, Bengal gram, Green gram, Black gram) BAJRA, L-74, K-677, Ananad/African Tall,
farm of hay at individual farmer level. material as fodder. Kisan composite, Moti, Manjari, B1-7 on
Training to farmers on silage, Azolla cultivation Harvest all the top fodder available (Neem, Subabul, Acasia, their own lands & supporting them with
Promoted creation of fodder models with Pipol etc) and feed the LS during drought assisting infrastructures like seeds, money
Guinea grass, stylo, desmanthus, kolukkattai In severe drought don’t allow for grazing and try to stall fed the manure.
grass( Cencarus spp.) etc. at village level animals Flushing the stock to recoup
Creation of tree fodder models with Subabul, Silage / hay, UMMB and mineral mixture should be supplied on Replenish the feed and fodder banks
Glyricidia, Agathi, Prosopis etc. at village level subsidy to the farmers having high productive livestock
Encourage fodder production with Sorghum – All the hay should be enriched with 2% Urea molasses solution
stylo- Sorghum on rotation basis and also to or 1% common salt solution and fed to LS
cultivate short-term fodder crops like sunhemp. Use of unconventional and locally available cheap feed
Top dressing of CPRs with N in 2-3 split doses ingredients for feeding livestock.
@ 20-25 kg N/ha during the monsoon to get Supplementation of probiotics – Yeast culture (3 g/day) to
more biomass milch cows.
Planting of fodder trees in village CPRs Herd should be split and supplementation should be given only
Chopping of fodder should be made as to the highly productive and breeding animals during severe
mandatory in every village through supply and drought
establishment of good quality crop cutters. Provision of emergency grazing/feeding (Cow-calf camps or
Creation of permanent fodder, feed and fodder other special arrangements to protect high productive &
seed banks in all drought prone villages breeding stock) during severe drought
Capacity building and preparedness of the Encourage mixing available kitchen waste with dry fodder
stakeholders and official staff for the unexpected while feeding to the milch animals
events Arrangements should be made for mobilization of small
ruminants across the districts where no drought exits
Unproductive livestock should to be culled during severe
drought
Create transportation and marketing facilities for the culled and
unproductive animals (10000-20000 animals)
Subsidized loans (5-10 crores) should be provided to the
livestock keepers

19
High intensity All the stock must be immunized for the Transportation of animals to elevated areas Repair of animal shed
storms following mentioned diseases to prevent Proper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed Bring back the animals to the shed
epidemics In severe storms, un-tether or let loose the animals Cleaning and disinfection of the shed
July: Avoid soaked and mould infected feeds / fodders to livestock Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water sources
1. Foot and Mouth Disease – Pollachi South Emergency outlet establishment for required medicines or feed Deworming with broad spectrum dewormers
Block. in each village Proper disposable of the dead animals /
August: Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds carcasses by burning / deep burying (4-8 feet)
1. Foot and Mouth Disease – Thondamuthur with lime powder (1kg for small ruminants
Block. and 5kg for large ruminants) in pit
2. Anthrax- Madukkarai Block. Drying the harvested crop material and
October: proper storage for use as fodder.
1. Foot and Mouth Disease – Pollachi South
Block.
2. Anthrax- S.S. Kulam Block.
Don’t allow the animals for grazing if severe
storms are forewarned
Keep stock of bleaching powder and lime
Carry out Butax spray for control of external
parasites
Cyclone NA
Floods NA
Heat & Cold NA
wave
Health and Procure and stock emergency medicines and Carryout deworming to all animals entering into relief camps Keep close surveillance on disease outbreak.
Disease vaccines for important endemic diseases of the Identification and quarantine of sick animals Undertake the vaccination depending on need
management area Constitution of Rapid Action Veterinary Force Keep the animal houses clean and spray
All the stock must be immunized for endemic Performing ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case of any disinfectants Farmers should be advised to
diseases outbreak breed their milch animals during July-
February: Restricting movement of livestock in case of any epidemic September so that the peak milk production
1. Antharx- [Link] Block Rescue of sick and injured animals and their treatment does not coincide with mid summer
March: Organize with community, daily lifting of dung from relief
1. Foot and Mouth Disease-Madukkarai Block camps
2. PPR –Thondamuthur Block.
May:
1. Sheep pox - Pollachi North Block
2. Foot and Mouth Disease- Polachi North and
Madukkarai Blocks.
June:
1. Enterotoxaemia - Pollachi South Block
2. Foot and Mouth Disease- P.N. Palayam and
Madukkarai Blocks.
Surveillance and disease monitoring network to
be established at Joint Director (Animal
Husbandry) office in the district

20
 Adequate refreshment training on draught
management to be given to VAS, [Link], LI
with regard to health & management measures.
Procure and stock multivitamins & area specific
mineral mixture
Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claim and availing
insurance benefit
Purchase of new productive animals
Drinking water Identification of water resources Restrict wallowing of animals in water bodies/resources Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water sources
Desilting of ponds Provide clean drinking water
Rain water harvesting and create water
bodies/watering points (when water is scarce
use only as drinking water for animals)
Construction of drinking water tanks in herding
places/village junctions/relief camp locations
Community drinking water trough can be
arranged in shandies /community grazing areas

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn
PPR All seasons, preferably in June-July
Black quarter (BQ) May / June
Enterotoxaemia (ET) May
Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June
Sheep pox (SP) December / march

Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May
HS May to June
BQ May to June
FMD November to December

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 2.5.2 Poultry

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken rice, bajra Supplementation only for productive birds Supplementation to all
etc, with house hold grain
Culling of weak birds Supplementation of shell grit (calcium) for
laying birds
Drinking water Rain water harvesting Sanitation of drinking water Give sufficient water as per the bird’s
requirement
Health and disease management Culling of sick birds. Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complex Hygienic and sanitation of poultry
Deworming and vaccination against RD and IBD including vit C in drinking water house
Disposal of dead birds by burning /
burying with line powder in pit
High intensity storms
Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds to safer place Use stored feed as supplement Routine practices are followed
Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken rice, bajra Don’t allow for scavenging
etc,
Culling of weak birds

Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water

Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder in drinking water Sanitation of poultry house Disposal of dead birds by burning /
to prevent any disease outbreak Treatment of affected birds burying with line powder in pit
Prevent water logging surrounding the sheds Disposal of poultry manure to prevent
Assure supply of electricity protozoal problem
Sprinkle lime powder to prevent ammonia Supplementation of coccidiostats in
accumulation due to dampness feed
Vaccination against RD

Cyclone NA
Heat wave and cold wave NA

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 2.5.3 Fisheries :

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event
1) Drought
A. Capture - - -
Marine - - -
Inland - - -
• Harvesting large individuals
• Harvesting large individuals
(i) Shallow water depth due to insufficient • Disposable of unwanted excess stock • Proper management of the local
• Increased Stocking-density in
rains/inflow • Stocking of desirable/special environment
smaller/confined areas
individuals in brood stock ponds
(ii) Changes in water quality Negligible changes in water quality Negligible changes in water quality Negligible changes in water quality
(iii) Any other
B. Aquaculture
(i) Shallow water in ponds due to insufficient • Harvesting of the stock
rains/inflow • Transferring of smaller fishes to • Steps to improve the quality of stocked
• Harvesting of the stock
artificial ponds (if available) for fishes, via feed management water quality
tiding over the drought management
(ii) Impact of salt load build up in ponds / • Harvesting of the stock
change in water quality • Transferring of smaller fishes to
• Harvesting of the stock artificial ponds (if available) for • Steps to improve the quality of stocked
tiding over the drought with water fishes, via feed management water quality
from other source (less hardness) management
(iii) Any other
2) Floods
A. Capture - - -
Marine - - -
• Proper fencing to prevent escaping of
fishes
• Increasing bundh height and improve • In extreme conditions, controlled
bundh strength draining of flooded ponds
• Improve land drainage to allow easy and • Thinning of stock by harvesting of • Repair damaged bundhs
Inland quick flow of flood waters larger individuals • Collect and preserve existing stock
(i) Average compensation paid due to loss of
human life --
(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged -
(iii) No. of houses damaged -

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(iv) Loss of stock -
• Flood water can bring parasites, and
increased turbidity – repair/correct • Turbid waters may be flushed off with fresh
• Negligible changes
drainage to improve quick drainage borewell/well water
(v) Changes in water quality of flood waters
(vi) Health and diseases - - -
B. Aquaculture
• Proper fencing to prevent escaping of
fishes • In extreme conditions, controlled
• Increasing bundh height and improve draining of flooded ponds • Repair damaged bundhs
bundh strength • Thinning of stock by harvesting of • Collect and preserve existing stock
• Improve land drainage to allow easy and larger individuals
(i) Inundation with flood water quick flow of flood waters
• Water can become turbid due to flood
• Flushing of pond water with bore- well
(ii) Water continuation and changes in water • Negligible changes waters, reduce stock to prevent
water to improve water quality
quality mortality
(iii) Health and diseases -
• Harvesting of stock
(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed, chemicals • Negligible changes • Shift reserve of brood stock to ponds • Selling remaining stock and inundated
etc) at elevated levels equipment immediately to minimize losses
• Dismantling of pumps, aerators and • Salvaging of inundated pumps,
(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps, aerators, other equipment and shifting to safer aerators and other equipment and • Selling remaining stock and inundated
huts etc) zones shifting to safer zones equipment immediately to minimize losses
(vi) Any other
3. Cyclone / Tsunami - - -
4. Heat wave and cold wave - - -
A. Capture - - -
Marine - - -
Inland - - -
B. Aquaculture - -
• Strengthening of pond bundh to • Shifting of stock to a more
prevent seepage sheltered pond • Shifting of stock to normal ponds to
(i) Changes in pond environment (water • Shifting of stock to a more sheltered • Improve aeration and water ensure proper growth
quality) pond recycling
(ii) Health and Disease management - - -
(iii) Any other - - -

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