Poultrysci91 2148
Poultrysci91 2148
Poultrysci91 2148
ABSTRACT Two experiments were carried out to trations (45 and 90 mg/kg of diet) resulted in lower (P
study the effects of dietary supplementation with the < 0.01) log10 number of copies of ileal Salmonella spp.
2148
PROPYL PROPANE THIOSULFONATE EFFECTIVE AGAINST BROILER ENTEROPATHOGENS 2149
and improve performance efficiency (Dibner and Rich- by HPLC according to the procedure described by Iberl
ards, 2005). However, due to the emergence of microbes et al. (1990). The PTS-O was incorporated in an inert
resistant to the antibiotics used in therapy, in Janu- commercial alimentary support (cyclodextrin) to pro-
ary 2006, the European Commission (EC) banned the duce Proallium-SO-DMC (Ruiz et al., 2010).
use of AGP in animal production (EC Regulation No.
1831/2003; http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/index.htm). Birds, Diets, and Housing
Since this ban it has become necessary to search for
The experimental protocol was reviewed and ap-
natural alternatives with effects similar to AGP but
proved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Com-
without their reported drawbacks. Some plant extracts
mittee of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research
have shown potential to modulate the intestinal micro-
(Madrid, Spain), and the animals were cared for in
flora and improve the performance efficiency of broilers
accordance with the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture
(Cross et al., 2011). Garlic (Allium sativum) has been
guidelines (RD 1201/2005).
used for centuries for its health-giving properties, and
Experiment 1. A total of 144 male one-day-old Cobb
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed as a one-way ANOVA using the
GLM procedure of SAS (SAS Institute, 2003), with the
pen serving as the experimental unit for performance
parameters, and the individual chicken as the experi-
mental unit for histological and microbiological param-
eters. Treatment means were separated using Bonfer-
roni’s multiple comparison tests. Statistical significance
was declared at a probability of P < 0.05. All microbio-
logical counts were subject to base-10 logarithm trans-
formation before analysis.
RESULTS
Performance and Crop pH Values
In experiment 1, BW of birds fed PTS-O-45 (Figure
1) was higher (P < 0.05) than that of controls at 21 d
of age. No significant effect of diets was observed on
FI, but F/G of birds fed diets PTS-O-45 and PTS-
O-90 was significantly (P < 0.05) lower (better) than
controls. Crop pH values were 5.87 ± 0.12, 5.89 ± 0.11,
and 5.91 ± 0.10 for birds fed on the control, PTS-O-45,
and PTS-O-90 diets, respectively. In experiment 2, no
significant differences were found at 28 d of age be- Figure 1. Effects of dietary inclusion of propyl propane thiosulfo-
tween the controls and the PTS-O-fed birds in final nate (PTS-O) on final BW (A), feed intake (B), and feed:gain ratio
(C) of chickens in experiment 1. a,bBars with different letters were
BW (1,044 ± 68, 1,091 ± 181, and 1,060 ± 142 g), FI significantly different (P < 0.01). Values are means (8 replicates of 6
(6,912 ± 116, 6,663 ± 116, and 6,745 ± 280 g), or F/G birds each) with their SD in bars.
2152 Peinado et al.
Table 3. Effect of propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTS-O) dietary addition on the log10 number of
copies per milligram of intestinal content of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridium
perfringens in the ilea of birds in experiment 11,2
Item Control PTS-O-45 PTS-O-90 Pooled SD
Table 4. Effect of propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTS-O) dietary addition on the log10 number of
copies per milligram of intestinal contents of enterobacteria and Escherichia coli in the crop, ileal, and
cecal contents of birds in experiment 11,2
Item Control PTS-O-45 PTS-O-90 Pooled SD
Crop
Enterobacteria 5.54a 5.07b 4.4b 0.70
E. coli 5.48a 4.79b 4.02b 0.81
Ileum
Enterobacteria 4.41a 4.14a 3.59b 0.60
E. coli 3.16 3.34 3.03 0.76
Ceca
Enterobacteria 5.58 5.73 5.62 0.53
E. coli 5.90a 5.84a 5.41b 0.63
a,bMeans with different superscripts in each row were significantly different (P < 0.01).
1For details on the measurements and calculations of the different parameters, see Materials and Methods.
2Control = commercial diet with no additive; PTS-O-45 and PTS-O-90 = commercial diet supplemented with
45 and 90 mg of PTS-O, respectively.
PROPYL PROPANE THIOSULFONATE EFFECTIVE AGAINST BROILER ENTEROPATHOGENS 2153
Table 5. Effect of propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTS-O) on the ileal log10 number of copies per mil-
ligram of intestinal content of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridium perfringens in
the ileal content of birds in experiment 21,2
Item Control PTS-O-90 PTS-O-135 Pooled SD
meal, garlic powder, garlic derivatives, and so on); ii) Loock, 2002), and a plethora of different approaches
Table 6. Morphology1 of the ileal sections of 21-d-old broiler chickens fed on control or experimental
(propyl propane thiosulfonate; PTS-O-90) diets in experiment 1
Item Control PTS-O-90 Pooled SD