DAFTAR PUSTAKA

AHFS Monograph, 2014. 'Captopril Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com',

Captopril. URL: http://www.drugs.com/monograph/captopril.html
(diakses tanggal 20/5/2014).

Ashraf, M.S. dan Vongpatanasin, W., 2006. Estrogen and Hypertension. Current
Hypertension Reports, 8: 368–376.

Aung, M.N., Yuasa, M., Moolphate, S., Nedsuwan, S., Yokokawa, H., Kitajima,
T., dkk., 2012. Reducing Salt Intake for Prevention of Cardiovascular
Diseases in High-Risk Patients by Advanced Health Education
Intervention (RESIP-CVD study), Northern Thailand: study protocol for a
cluster randomized trial. Trials, 13: 158.

Baharudin, Kabo, P., dan Suwandi, D., 2011. 'Perbandingan Efektivitas Dan Efek
Samping Obat Anti Hipertensi Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pasien
Hipertensi', Tesis, Universitas Hasanudin, Makasar.

Bakris, G. dan Baliga, R.R., 2012. Hypertension. Oxford University Press, USA.
103-108.

Balitbang, 2013. 'Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013', Depkes, Jakarta. 80-120.

Bart, S., 1990. Psikologi Kesehatan. PT Gramedia, Jakarta. 50-70.

Beevers, G., Lip, G.Y.H., dan O’Brien, E., 2001. The Pathophysiology of
Hypertension. BMJ : British Medical Journal, 322: 912–916.

Beevers, G., Lip, G.Y.H., dan O’Brien, E., 2007. ABC of Hypertension, 5 edition.
ed. BMJ Books, Malden, Mass. ; Oxford. 40-80.

Beilin, L.J. dan Puddey, P.B., 2006. Alcohol and Hypertension An Update.
Hypertension, 47: 1035–1038.

Bernardi, L., Ricordi, L., Lazzari, P., Soldá, P., Calciati, A., Ferrari, M.R., dkk.,
1992. Impaired Circadian Modulation of Sympathovagal Activity in
Diabetes: A Possible Explanation for Altered Temporal Onset of
Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation, 86: 1443–1452.

Bisht, R., 2011. Chronomodulated Drug Delivery System: A Comprehensive

Review on The Recent Advances in A New Sub-discipline of
′Chronopharmaceutics′. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics, 5: 1.

BPS KLU, 2014. 'Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Lombok Utara', Badan Pusat
Statistik Kabupaten Lombok Utara. URL:
http://lombokutarakab.go.id/v1/profil-daerah/peta-wilayah (diakses
tanggal 8/6/2014).

108
Briasoulis, A., Agarwal, V., dan Messerli, F.H., 2012. Alcohol Consumption and
the Risk of Hypertension in Men and Women: A Systematic Review and
Meta-analysis. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 14: 792–798.

Brunner, H.R., Gavras, H., Waeber, B., Textor, S.C., Turini, G.A., dan Wauters,
J.P., 1980. Clinical Use of An Orally Acting Converting Enzyme Inhibitor:
Captopril. Hypertension, 2: 558–566.

Bustan, M.N., 1997. Epidemiologi Penyakit Tidak Menular. Rineka Cipta,

Jakarta. 20-69.

Case, D., 1980. Captopril and Hypertension, Softcover Reprint of The Original 1st
ed. Springer. 20-27.

Chobanian, A.V., Bakris, G.L., Black, H.R., Cushman, W.C., Green, L.A., Izzo,
J.L., dkk., 2003. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on
Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure.
Hypertension, 42: 1206–1252.

Cohen, M.C., Rohtla, K.M., Lavery, C.E., Muller, J.E., dan Mittleman, M.A.,
1997. Meta-Analysis of The Morning Excess of Acute Myocardial
Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death. The American Journal of
Cardiology, 79: 1512–1516.

Corea, L., Bentivoglio, M., dan Verdecchia, P., 1983. Low-Dose Captopril
Therapy in Mild And Moderate Hypertension. Randomized Comparison of
Twice Daily Vs Three Times Daily Doses. Hypertension, 5: III157–159.

Corwin, E.J., 2008. Buku Saku Patofisiologi Corwin, 1st ed. EGC, Jakarta. 40-60.

Cutolo, M. dan Masi, A.T., 2005. Circadian Rhythms and Arthritis. Rheumatic
Diseases Clinics of North America, 31: 115–129.

Depkes, 2006. Pharmaceutical Care Untuk Penyakit Hipertensi. Ditjen Binfar dan
Alkes, Jakarta. 9-20.

Depkes, 2010. 'Hipertensi Penyebab Kematian Nomor Tiga', Depkes. URL:

http://www.depkes.go.id/index.php?vw=2&id=810 (diakses tanggal
16/5/2014).

Depkes, 2012. 'Masalah Hipertensi di Indonesia', Depkes. URL:

http://www.depkes.go.id/index.php?vw=2&id=1909 (diakses tanggal
16/5/2014).

Dodt, C., Breckling, U., Derad, I., Fehm, H.L., dan Born, J., 1997. Plasma
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Concentrations of Healthy Humans
Associated With Nighttime Sleep and Morning Arousal. Hypertension, 30:
71–76.

109
Dubey, R.K., Oparil, S., Imthurn, B., dan Jackson, E.K., 2002. Sex Hormones and
Hypertension. Cardiovascular Research, 53: 688–708.

Duchin, K.L., McKinstry, D.N., Cohen, A.I., dan Migdalof, B.H., 1988.
Pharmacokinetics of Captopril in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with
Cardiovascular Diseases. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 14: 241–259.

Elliott, W.J., 1998. Circadian Variation in the Timing of Stroke Onset A Meta-
analysis. Stroke, 29: 992–996.

Goldstein, I.B., Shapiro, D., dan Weiss, R.E., 2008. How Family History and Risk
Factors for Hypertension Relate to Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Healthy
Adults. Journal of Hypertension, 26: 276–283.

Gunawan, L., 2001. Hipertensi, Penyakit Tekanan Darah Tinggi. Kanisius,

Yogyakarta. 36-50.

Handayani, R.S., Anwar, M., Mukti, A.G., dan Guritno, S., 2010. 'Effectiveness
Treatment Generic Captopril Compare to Innovator Captopril in Essential
Hypertension', Tesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

He, F.J., Campbell, N.R.C., dan MacGregor, G.A., 2012. Reducing Salt Intake to
Prevent Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease. Revista Panamericana
De Salud Pública, Pan American Journal of Public Health, 32: 293–300.

Heel, R.C., Brogden, R.N., Speight, T.M., dan Avery, G.S., 1980. Captopril: A
Preliminary Review of its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic
Efficacy. Drugs, 20: 409–452.

Hermida, R.C. dan Ayala, D.E., 2009. Chronotherapy With the Angiotensin-
Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Ramipril in Essential Hypertension:
Improved Blood Pressure Control with Bedtime Dosing. Hypertension, 54:
40–46.

Hermida, R.C., Ayala, D.E., Fernández, J.R., Mojón, A., Smolensky, M.H.,
Fabbian, F., dkk., 2013. Administration Time Differences in Effects of
Hypertension Medications on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Regulation.
Chronobiology international, 30: 280–314.

Hermida, R.C., Ayala, D.E., Fernández, J.R., Portaluppi, F., Fabbian, F., dan
Smolensky, M.H., 2011. Circadian Rhythms in Blood Pressure Regulation
and Optimization of Hypertension Treatment With ACE Inhibitor and
ARB Medications. American Journal of Hypertension, 24: 383–391.

Hermida, R.C., Ayala, D.E., Mojón, A., dan Fernández, J.R., 2010. Influence of
Circadian Time of Hypertension Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk:
Results of The MAPEC Study. Chronobiology international, 27: 1629–
1651.

110
Hermida, R.C., Ayala, D.E., Smolensky, M.H., dan Portaluppi, F., 2007.
Chronotherapy in Hypertensive Patients: Administration-Time Dependent
Effects of Treatment on Blood Pressure Regulation. Expert review of
cardiovascular therapy, 5: 463–475.

Hermida, R.C., Calvo, C., Ayala, D.E., Lopez, J.E., Rodriguez, M., dan Covelo,
M., 2005. Administration time-dependent effects of amlodipine on
ambulatory blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.
American Journal of Hypertension, 18: 61A–61A.

Hull, A., 1996. Penyakit jantung, hipertensi dan nutrisi. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta.
65-69.

Ijiri, H., Mukaiyama, S., Tsuruta, I., Komaya, T., Ishii, H., Sawanobori, T., dkk.,
1990. Effects of Captopril on Blood Pressure Variation and Circadian
Rhythm in Essential Hypertension. Rinsho yakuri/Japanese Journal of
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 21: 777–783.

James, P.A., Al, S.Z.A., dan Carter, B.L., 2014. 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline
For the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Report from the
Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (jnc 8).
JAMA, 311: 507–520.

Kanazawa, M., Yoshiike, N., Osaka, T., Numba, Y., Zimmet, P., dan Inoue, S.,
2002. Criteria and Classification of Obesity in Japan and Asia-Oceania.
Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 11: S732–S737.

Kaplan, M.N., 2006. Kaplan’s Clinical Hypertension 9th Edition, 9th ed.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Dallas, Texas. 30-70.

Khomsan, A., 2003. Pangan dan Gizi Untuk Kesehatan. PT Raja Grafindo
Persada, Jakarta. 10-15.

Kim, K.H. dan Singh, B.N., 2002. Drug Delivery: Oral Route, dalam:
Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, Third Edition. Taylor &
Francis, Franch, 1242–1265.

Kitahara, Y., Saito, F., Akao, M., Fujita, H., Takahashi, A., Taguchi, H., dkk.,
2004. Effect of Morning and Bedtime Dosing With Cilnidipine on Blood
Pressure, Heart Rate, and Sympathetic Nervous Activity in Essential
Hypertensive Patients. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 43: 68–
73.

Klerman, E.B., 2005. Clinical Aspects of Human Circadian Rhythms. Journal of

Biological Rhythms, 20: 375–386.

Kotchen, T.A., 2008. Obesity-Related Hypertension? Weighing the Evidence.

Hypertension, 52: 801–802.

111
Kubo, S.H. dan Cody, D.R.J., 1985. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of the Angiotensin
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 10: 377–391.

Kuroda, T., Kario, K., Hoshide, S., Hashimoto, T., Nomura, Y., Saito, Y., dkk.,
2004. Effects of Bedtime Vs. Morning Administration of the Long-Acting
Lipophilic Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Trandolapril on
Morning Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. Hypertension Research:
Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 27: 15–20.

Lacy, C.F., 2012. Drug Information Handbook: A Comprehensive Resource for

All Clinicians and Healthcare Professionals, 21st ed. Lexi-Comp, North
America, 250-151.

Landsberg, L., Aronne, L.J., Beilin, L.J., Burke, V., Igel, L.I., Lloyd-Jones, D.,
dkk., 2013. Obesity-Related Hypertension: Pathogenesis, Cardiovascular
Risk, and Treatment: a Position Paper of the Obesity Society and the
American Society of Hypertension. Journal of Clinical Hypertension
(Greenwich, Conn.), 15: 14–33.

Langner, B. dan Lemmer, B., 1988. Circadian Changes in the Pharmacokinetics

and Cardiovascular Effects of Oral Propranolol in Healthy Subjects.
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 33: 619–624.

Lemmer, B., 2006. The Importance of Circadian Rhythms on Drug Response in

Hypertension and Coronary Heart Disease--From Mice and Man.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 111: 629–651.

Lemmer, B., 2012. The Importance of Biological Rhythms in Drug Treatment of

Hypertension and Sex-Dependent Modifications. ChronoPhysiology and
Therapy, 1–9.

Lemmer, B., Nold, G., Behne, S., dan Kaiser, R., 1991. Chronopharmacokinetics
and Cardiovascular Effects of Nifedipine. Chronobiology International, 8:
485–494.

Madhur, M.S., 2014. 'Hypertension Pathophysiology', Medscape. URL:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241381-overview#aw2aab6b2b3aa
(diakses tanggal 16/5/2014).

Manfredini, R., Vergine, G., Boari, B., Faggioli, R., dan Borgna-Pignatti, C.,
2004. Circadian and Seasonal Variation of First Febrile Seizures. The
Journal of Pediatrics, 145: 838–839.

Mansjoer, A., Savitri, R., Setiowulan, W., Triyanti, K., dan Wardhani, W.I., 1999.
Kapita Selekta Kedokteran Jilid 1, Media Aesculapius FK UI, Jakarta. 10-
70.

112
Martin, J.L., Jeste, D.V., dan Ancoli-Israel, S., 2005. Older Schizophrenia Patients
Have More Disrupted Sleep and Circadian Rhythms than Age-Matched
Comparison Subjects. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 39: 251–259.

Massana, E., Barbanoj, M.J., Moros, C., Morte, A., Gich, I., dan Jané, F., 1997.
No Sex-Related Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Differences of
Captopril. Pharmacological research: the official journal of the Italian
Pharmacological Society, 36: 41–47.

Materson, B.J., Reda, D.J., dan Williams, D.W., 1998. Comparison of Effects of
Antihypertensive Drugs on Heart Rate: Changes From Baseline by
Baseline Group and Over Time. American Journal of Hypertension, 11:
597–601.

Medscape, 2014. 'Medscape Drug Interaction Checker', Medscape Drug

Interaction Checker. URL: http://reference.medscape.com/drug-
interactionchecker (diakses tanggal 8/6/2014).

Narkiewicz, K., 2006. Obesity and Hypertension the Issue is More Complex than
We Thought. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 21: 264–267.

Noor, N.N., 2002. Epidemiologi. Lembaga Penerbitan Universitas Hasanuddin

(Lehpas), Makasar, 24-58.

O’Connell, S., 2014. Assessing and Managing Primary Hypertension. Nursing

Times, 110: 12–14.

Ohdo, S., 2007. Chronopharmacology Focused on Biological Clock. Drug

metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 22: 3–14.

Oparil, S., Zaman, M.A., dan Calhoun, D.A., 2003. Pathogenesis of Hypertension.
Annals of Internal Medicine, 139: 761–776.

Pertiwi, V.G., 2011. 'Pengaruh Edukasi Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien
Hipertensi Di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan', Skripsi, Universitas
Sumatra Utara, Medan.

Pickering, T., 2014. 'Depression, Race, Hypertension, and the Heart', Depression,
Race, Hypertension, and the Heart. URL:
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/407714_3 (diakses tanggal
8/6/2014).

Portaluppi, F., Vergnani, L., Manfredini, R., degli Uberti, E.C., dan Fersini, C.,
1995. Time-Dependent Effect of Isradipine on the Nocturnal Hypertension
in Chronic Renal Failure. American Journal of Hypertension, 8: 719–726.

Prisant, L.M., 2004. Chronotherapeutics: A Surge of Ideas. Clinical Cornerstone,

6: 7–17.

113
Qiu, C., Williams, M.A., Leisenring, W.M., Sorensen, T.K., Frederick, I.O.,
Dempsey, J.C., dkk., 2003. Family History of Hypertension and Type 2
Diabetes in Relation to Preeclampsia Risk. Hypertension, 41: 408–413.

Qiu, Y.-G., Yao, X.-Y., Tao, Q.-M., Zheng, P., Chen, J.-Z., Zhu, J.-H., dkk.,
2004. Profile on circadian blood pressure and the influencing factors in
essential hypertensive patients after treatment. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue
za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi, 25: 710–714.

Re, R.N., 2009. Obesity-Related Hypertension. The Ochsner Journal, 9: 133–136.

Reckelhoff, J.F., 2001. Gender Differences in the Regulation of Blood Pressure.

Hypertension, 37: 1199–1208.

RSUD KLU, 2013. Profil RSUD Kabupaten Lombok Utara (RSUD KLU). RSUD
KLU, Tanjung, Lombok Utara. 1-14.

Sheps, S.G., 2005. Mayo Clinic Hipertension: Mengatasi Tekanan Darah Tinggi.
Intisari Mediatama, Jakarta. 10-40.

Spengler, C.M., Czeisler, C.A., dan Shea, S.A., 2000. An Endogenous Circadian
Rhythm of Respiratory Control in Humans. The Journal of Physiology,
526 Pt 3: 683–694.

Staessen, J.A., Thijs, L., Fagard, R., O’Brien, E.T., Clement, D., de Leeuw, P.W.,
dkk., 1999. Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Using Conventional Vs
Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Older Patients with Systolic Hypertension.
Systolic Hypertension in Europe Trial Investigators. JAMA: the journal of
the American Medical Association, 282: 539–546.

Staessen, J.A., Wang, J., Bianchi, G., dan Birkenhäger, W., 2003. Essential
Hypertension. Lancet, 361: 1629–1641.

Stokkan, K.A., Yamazaki, S., Tei, H., Sakaki, Y., dan Menaker, M., 2001.
Entrainment of the Circadian Clock in the Liver by Feeding. Science (New
York, N.Y.), 291: 490–493.

Sugiharto, A., 2007. 'Faktor-Faktor Risiko Hipertensi Grade I Pada Masyarakat

(Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Karanganyar)', Tesis, Universitas Diponegoro,
Semarang.

Susalit, E., Agus, N., Effendi, I., Tjandrawinata, R.R., Nofiarny, D., Perrinjaquet-
Moccetti, T., dkk., 2011. Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extract Effective in
Patients with Stage-1 Hypertension: Comparison with Captopril.
Phytomedicine, 18: 251–258.

Suyono, S., 2004. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, 3rd ed. Balai Pustaka, FKUI
Jakarta. 20-50.

114
Tambayong, D.J., 2000. Patofisiologi. EGC, Jakarta. 20-43.

Van Cauter, E., Polonsky, K.S., dan Scheen, A.J., 1997. Roles of Circadian
Rhythmicity and Sleep in Human Glucose Regulation. Endocrine Reviews,
18: 716–738.

Vlasses, P.H., Conner, D.P., Rotmensch, H.H., Fruncillo, R.J., Danzeisen, J.R.,
Shepley, K.J., dkk., 1986. Double-Blind Comparison of Captopril and
Enalapril in Mild to Moderate Hypertension. Journal of the American
College of Cardiology, 7: 651–660.

Wallace, J.P., 2003. Exercise in Hypertension. Sports Medicine, 33: 585–598.

Weber, M.A., Schiffrin, E.L., White, W.B., Mann, S., Lindholm, L.H., Kenerson,
J.G., dkk., 2014. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of
Hypertension in the Community: A Statement by the American Society of
Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. Journal of
Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 16: 14–26.

WHO, 2013a. 'A Global Brief on Hypertension', WHO. URL:

http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/global_brief_hyp
ertension/en/ (diakses tanggal 16/5/2014).

WHO, 2013b. 'High Blood Pressure a Silent Killer', VOA. URL:

http://www.voanews.com/content/article/1636429.html (diakses tanggal
16/5/2014).

Witte, K., Weisser, K., Neubeck, M., Mutschler, E., Lehmann, K., Hopf, R., dkk.,
1993. Cardiovascular Effects, Pharmacokinetics, and Converting Enzyme
Inhibition of Enalapril After Morning Versus Evening Administration.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 54: 177–186.

115