Chapter 1

The Problem and Its Background

INTRODUCTION

It is part of the daily life of a person to have communications and interact

with other people. Communication is a way of expressing a message. It is the

transmission of information from the sender to its receiver in an understandable

manner. Communication have two way – the verbal communication and the non-

verbal communication. Verbal communication is the use of sounds and words to

express yourself especially in contrast to using gestures or mannerism while the

non-verbal communication is the non-linguistic transmission of information through

visual, auditory tactile and kinesthetic channels

Nowadays, social media seems to be a must for all walk of life. It may be a

kid, the younger generation, and the elderlies. Almost everyone is using social

media platforms. Social media have purposes that are useful to people nowadays.

It is way easier and faster to have communication with other people whether they

are near or far from them. Social media can help people interact with one another

and exchange or share information and ideas. On the other hand, social media

have effects to everyone.

As stated by Bilal Ahmad (2006), “Social media has grown tremendously in

the last few years. From 2006 onwards the growth rate is unexpectedly very high.

Especially Facebook and Twitter have grown much faster and captured millions of

users in just a few years. The way technology is growing, it is obvious that more
and more people are going to grasp its benefits. It has brought a lot of advantages

for the society. From progressed nations to under-developed countries, every

nation is utilizing the power of social media to enhance life and use it for the

bitterness of the people. However, on the other hand it has also affected the society

in the negative way. Just like anything which can be used for both good and bad,

social media have also provided the negative and positive ways for the people. It

is all about the usage and getting things done positively by using the power of

social media. It is in the hands of the user to use to its advantage. But willingly or

unwillingly it can still have negative impacts on the users.”

This study was conducted because the researchers have observed not only

to other people but also to themselves that social media is a part of daily life. They

are concern of how social media affects people in their everyday use of it especially

to students like them. In this study, it will be helpful to everyone for them to be

aware of using social media and how to properly use it.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Social media has going through an outbreak around the world. It has been

a good tool for social interaction among people in which they create, share or

exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. It just came

out in the early 90’s but as the year of 2000 it was improve because many

programmers were able to discover and design a new and more helpful tool for

many people around the world.

 Blessed Christian School is a non-sectarian school that fosters Christian

community whose members are faithfully committed in their fellowship with God

by emulating Christ-like characters and advocating Christian values. It promotes

culture of excellence by establishing relevant, responsive, broad-based and

technologically oriented academic and non-academic programs and constantly

upgrading competitive and dedicated teachers.

Almost of the population in Blessed Christian School is engage in using

different kinds of social media platforms, specially the junior high school students

most of them uses Facebook, Messenger, Instagram and Twitter to communicate

and share their thoughts through posing it so that their friends and followers will

see it.

Motivated by the fact that the user of social media is continuously

increasing. This study is made to verify the Effects of Social Media to the Junior

High School students of Blessed Christian School De Santa Rosa Inc.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Uses and gratifications theory (UGT) is an approach to understanding why

and how people actively seek out specific media to satisfy specific needs. UGT is

an audience-centered approach to understanding mass communication.

Diverging from other media effect theories that question "what does media do to

people?" UGT focuses on "what do people do with media? It postulates that media

is a highly available product and the audiences are the consumers of the same

product
 This communication theory is positivistic in its approach, based in the socio-

psychological communication tradition, and focuses on communication at the

mass media scale. The driving question of UGT is: Why do people use media and

what do they use them for? UGT discusses how users deliberately choose media

that will satisfy given needs and allow one to enhance knowledge, relaxation,

social interactions/companionship, diversion, or escape.

It assumes that audience members are not passive consumers of media.

Rather, the audience has power over their media consumption and assumes an

active role in interpreting and integrating media into their own lives. Unlike other

theoretical perspectives, UGT holds that audiences are responsible for choosing

media to meet their desires and needs to achieve gratification. This theory would

then imply that the media compete against other information sources for viewers'

gratification.

UGT has a heuristic value today because it gives communication scholars

a "perspective through which a number of ideas and theories about media choice,

consumption, and even impact can be viewed".

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Demographi  Conducting a  Identified
c profile of non- reasons of
the experimental the effect of
respondent approach.
s social
 Gender media
 Data  Citing the
 Age
Collection and summary,
 Grade Level
Organization conclusion,
and Section
2. Assessment findings and
level of the  Analysis of the giving
Respondent data recommend
s ation to the
 Strongly Agree problem.
 Agree
 Strongly
Disagree
 Disagree

FEEDBACK

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study.

The research paradigm of the study shows the interplay of the variables of

the study.

The input is consist of the demographic profile of the respondents, the process is

consist of conducting a non-experimental approach, the data collection and

organization and analyzing of the data, the output will state the identified reasons

of what is the effect of social media and the summary, conclusions, findings and

recommendation.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Generally, this research proposal would try to determine the Effects of

Social Media to the Junior High School students of Blessed Christian School.

Specifically, this study answers the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Grade Level and Section

2. What are the effects of social media to the respondents in terms of:

2.1 Social

2.2 Emotional

3. How does using social media affect the student’s performance?

STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

 There is no significant difference on the advantages and disadvantages of

perception of the students when they are grouped according to profile.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study is limited to the Effects of Social Media to the Junior High School

students of Blessed Christian School covering on what will be the effects of it in

terms of social and emotional aspects.

The respondents of this study are the selected students from the department

of junior high school of Blessed Christian School from grades level 7-10 each year

level will have 30 respondents to answer the survey questionnaire. This study was

conducted from the given time by the subject facilitator.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researchers believe that the results of this study may provide

information about the Effects of Social Media to the Junior High School students

of Blessed Christian School. The results of this study hopefully are of value to the

following:

Students. This study will help the students to know what is the advantage

and disadvantage of having a social media account and what are the effects of it

in their performance in school.

Parents. This will provide information to them about what benefits could

social media give to their children also it will help them to give enough notice to

their child in managing their time in using the social media sites.

School Administrators/Teachers. This study will provide information to

the school administrators or teachers on what is the effect of having social media

account to the students and to keep track to the student’s performance in school.
 The Future Researchers. This study will serve as a guide for the future

researchers concentric to their studies. The outcome of this study will exhilarate

future researchers to conduct a related study and identifying other variables in their

future research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

For the better understanding of the study, the following terms are defined

conceptually and operationally:

Social Media. are interactive computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the

creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of

expression via virtual communities and networks.

Technology. is the collection of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used

in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such

as scientific investigation.

Internet. a global computer network providing a variety of information and

communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized

communication protocols.

Social Network. a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as

individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social

interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of

methods for analyzing the structure of whole social entities as well as a variety of

theories explaining the patterns observed in these structures.

 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter includes review of related literature and studies. The materials

utilized in this chapter provided the researchers with better insights; discover the

similarities, differences, and their relationship to the study. With both published and

unpublished studies, report and review, the researchers also have a view of the

relevance of ideas discussed and presented in the study related to its design.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to Cole (2009) Väljataga & Fiedler (2009) social media can

increase student learning through student interactions, challenges arise when

social media are incorporated into an academic course. The assumption that

students are familiar with and agreeable to using certain types of social media can

cause educators to inadvertently fail to provide the resources or encouragement

necessary to support student usage and learning.

Arnold and Paulus (2010) found that even when social media is used for an

educational purpose, students incorporate the technology into their lives in a way

that may differ from the intentions of the course instructor. For example, off-topic

or non-academic discussions occur on social media because of its primary design

as a social networking tool (Lin et al., 2013). Further, as a student’s age increases,

the frequency of off-topic discussions also increases (Lin et al., 2013).

This indicates that while social media may encourage broader discussions

of course content, older students may spend more time than younger students

engaging in unrelated discussions. Social media can also negatively affect student
GPA as well as the amount of time students spend preparing for class (Annetta et

al., 2009; Junco, 2012b).

One explanation for this impact is that social media provides too much

stimulation and therefore can distract students from completing their coursework

(Hurt et al., 2012; Patera et al., 2008). Another reason for this may be that students

who spend more time on social media may have difficulty balancing their online

activities and their academic preparation. Social media can also be a challenging

instructional strategy to incorporate because it attempts to balance the authority of

the educator with the active participation of the students.

Collaboration through social media supports more of a constructivist

approach to learning, where students and educators can work together to co-

create understanding of a particular topic, rather than an approach that

emphasizes individual contributions (Stevens, 2009). As a result, students and

educators become equal participants in the knowledge sharing process.

Though this seems beneficial for creating and disseminating knowledge,

social media can also become a privacy concern (i.e. cyber-plagiarism) as well as

an outlet for abuse and cyber-bullying (Chen & Bryer, 2012; Frye et al., 2010;

Jackson, 2011; Smailes & Gannon-Leary, 2011). This suggests that establishing

standards for social media use should include behavior and attitude guidelines

similar to those enforced in the classroom.

According to Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010) social network websites

grab attention of the students and then diverts it towards non-educational and

inappropriate actions including useless chatting. Based on the above statement

we can say that social networking sites may badly affect the academic life and

learning experiences of the student. Trusov, Bucklin, and Pauwels (2009) noted

that the Internet is no doubt evolution of technology but specifically social networks

are extremely unsafe for teenagers, social networks become hugely common and

well-known in past few years. This research is conducted to explore the effect of

social networking websites and its impact on academic life and learning

experiences of students. As Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010) explained that the

social networks grabs the total attention and concentration of the students and

diverts it towards non educational, unethical and inappropriate actions such as

useless chatting, time killing by random searching and not doing their jobs.

Students and teenagers mostly use social networks for time killing and sake of

enjoyment but it has been analyzed that internet use for education purpose and

any appropriate task including online tutorials, online lectures and education

material downloading is very good but use of internet for only social network is very

useless perhaps dangerous.

FOREIGN STUDIES

According to Lewis (2008) Teenagers now use the internet for the majority of

their daily activities and information gathering as opposed to older generations who

used resources like the television or newspaper. As per the survey conducted by

Pew Research Center, 72 percent of high school and 78 percent of college

students spend time on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. These numbers indicate

how much the student community is involved in this virtual world of social

networking. In a survey conducted by de Villiers (2010), results showed that there’s

a significant number of students studying in University of South Africa claimed that

they were using Facebook for academic purposes. The positive aspect of online

communities is that youths can utilize them for academic assistance and support

(Lusk, 2010). Social media can yield many benefits for the young because of its

ability to enhance connections by making them easily accessible. Students who

may be reluctant to speak up in class are participating in book discussion blogs

and writing for real audiences. There are new Web tools emerging all the time that

are enhancing learning (Brydolf, 2007).

Madden (2011) stated that the utilization of Facebook has been found to

increase users’ sense of personal belonging among college students and also, this

sense of belonging has in and of itself been positively correlated with academic

performance.

Livingstone (2008) stated that affinity for self-presentation is often a mark of

adolescence, and SNS use has made it possible for one’s own display of

personality to reach a larger audience than previous generations.

However, Jacobsen & Forste (2011) concluded that the electronic media

use is negatively associated with grades. They also found out that about two-thirds

of the students reported using electronic media while in class, studying or doing

homework.

On the other hand, in the study conducted by Nayzabekov (2012) identifies the

idea of multitasking, which students perform different types of actions like visiting

SNS to include texting, instant messaging, playing games and searching

information online while studying. This point out that multitasking skill could affect
the concentration of a student not only in academics but also in the everyday task

of a student because for example a student has a lot of assignments and works on

different subjects, instead of doing it on time the student visits social media first.

This study complements the idea of Yeboah and Ewur (2014) that social media

takes much time of the students studies time, results in procrastination related

problems, destroys students grammar and spellings, leads to lack of concentration

during lectures and difficulty in balancing online activities and academic

preparation.

In a 2012 news article of the Irish Times, it pointed out that facebook can

impact study habits of students. This application is easily get through the phone

and only needs WIFI where you can easily connect everywhere. As a matter of

fact, there are more students who used their phones, iPad while they were

supposed to be reading textbook. As a result, social networking sites can affect

the study habits of students, particularly facebook.

In addition, the Whitehouse (2011) stated that students may lose concentration

in school because of SNS. For instance, students always feel tired in class. As a

result, they do not understand that their teacher taught them causing for them to

fail exam.

Power (2012) on her research paper sees SNS as “a coin that has two sides”,

meaning that there are dual effects of SNS. She cited the negative side of social

media usage such as distraction to the users, spending fewer hours per week

studying, having a lower mean grade point average, and engages in

procrastinating behavior. She also stated the good effect, with the statement
saying that the potential for using social media sites to further the goal of education

is immerse, and teachers are making the faraway into the world of online social

networking site for educational purpose.

LOCAL LITERATURE

According to Rejie D. Astodello (2016) Tabuk City, Kalinga - People all over

the world have been enjoying the benefits of using technology nowadays. In the

past, communicating and free sharing of thought between people are restricted by

long distance, race, and even religion. But now these barriers can no longer stop

the flow of information and knowledge because now the new world of social

networking allows free sharing of thoughts through online social networking sites

such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and the like.

Since students are highly motivated to using social media sites the majority

of them use these to satisfy their social needs more than their academic needs.

They have the freedom to do whatever they want – they can upload or download

data, they can make new friends and comment on other people’s lives, and they

can even create other online identities the real world does not allow. It has been

observed too that the majority of the students nowadays, particularly those in the

secondary level, spend most of their time chatting with their acquaintances, playing

online games, and watching videos instead of reading their lessons, making their

assignments, and other academic requirements. The main reason is when they

work or search their materials online they get attracted to social networking sites

to kill boredom during study time, diverting their attention from their work. The

darker side of this that has gained the attention of many parents is that some
student are getting lazier and are no longer interested in going to school. This is

probably due to being extensively indulged to get global access and therefore

leading them to perform less academically.

I have observed from my Grades 7 and 8 students at the Tabuk City

National High School the same positive and negative impact of using social media

inside and outside the classroom. I found these social sites helpful when one time

I needed to communicate with my students, reminding them of their assignments

and urgent requirements. In addition, l also used these social sites to refer my

students to helpful resources that could fetch them higher grades in academics. I

tried to encourage the students, particularly the teens with gadgets having internet

facilities, to use it to supplement their researches in the library rather than the usual

chatting with friends all the time.

As a result, almost 85 percent of them were able cope with their academic

difficulties and at least 65 to 75 percent of the class obtained the average level of

performance. However, students should be encouraged to limit the time they

spend on social media sites and be advised to rather substitute those hours with

reading some learning materials – short stories, novels, etc. to improve their

vocabulary. Since the use of social media sites had affected the academic

performance of students negatively, there is a need to introduce the student’s other

information resources or materials that would motivate and help them perform well

in their academics.
 We can’t deny the fact as years pass by the demand for internet usage

keeps increasing because it is already a necessity among end users, particularly

to students. Developers have created online social media sites where people can

have more advanced, more reliable, and more creative ways of communicating.

This shows we, humans, are social animals. We always want to belong in a group

where we also prefer what the group does.

According to a survey conducted by Pew Research Center, as of 2015 the

largest social networking company, Facebook for example, has 1.49 billion active

users and the number of users is increasing every year. As part of the said survey,

72 percent of high school students and 78 percent college students spend time on

these social networking sites – Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Viber, E-

mail, etc. These numbers evidently indicate how much the student community is

involved in this virtual world of networking. Students prefer social media sites as

reliable sources of information because everything is a package. A research

conducted by Gagne sometime in 2003 defined media in general as some kind of

components in a students’ environment that can stimulate them to study

better. Researchers also found that the use of some types of social media has

beneficial effects to students, not only on their academic needs but also to help

them establish a sense of identity and build and enhance networking skills.

LOCAL STUDIES

Don’t believe everything you read in media. Such a pity that those words

are being taken to heart and mind, as they are the opposite of what was drummed
into our heads by our mentors, i.e., journalism is the purveyor of truth and possible

transformation.

Not even pictures – described as saying a thousand words – can be believed, as

editors cut and paste as they do words, to eliminate bulges in a subject’s chin,

erase creases from one’s forehead, or add a flourish or two to make him/ her look

picture-pretty.

Electoral campaigns, whether abroad or here, are characterized by awful

lies to downgrade opponents and make them look terribly unfit for positions they

aspire for. In past Philippine presidential elections, the art of destruction was so

intense it left a bad taste in the mouth. Some of the accusations were true, but

most of them were simply speculative and false. On television today, one can see

saliva dripping from the corners of critics’ mouths, or the satanic fierceness in their

eyes as they demolish the target of their assassination. There is a term for today’s

head-hunting bloggers: bastes.

The truthful journalist’s weapon against charges of false and malicious reporting

was – and possibly continues to be – libel. One must be proven without a doubt

that he was out to malign the subject, and a sane court, analysing the facts of the

case and finds the respondent not guilty, will throw the petition out of the window.

Such is the case with social media. It can be used to prop up or destroy an

individual and/or commercial product. And who is to distinguish the truth and

falsehood of social media reporting?

Imtiaz Ali of TechMead writes of the positive effects of social media, mainly that

social networks helping businesses in a variety of ways.

 Traditional marketing mediums such as the radio, TV commercials and print

ads are completely obsolete now and demand for thousands of dollars,” he writes.

“However, with social media the businesses can connect with their targeted

customers for free, the only cost is energy and time. Through Facebook, Twitter,

LinkedIn or any other social site you can lower your marketing cost to a significant

level.

The increasing popularity of social sites like Twitter, Facebook and

LinkedIn, social networks has gained attention as the most viable communication

choice for the bloggers, article writers and content creators.

These social networking sites have opened the opportunity for all the writers

and bloggers to connect with their tech savvy clients to share your expertise and

articles. Your audience will further share your articles, blog or expertise in their

social circle which further enhance your networks of the followers.

Social networks have removed all the communication and interaction

barriers, and now one can communicate his/her perception and thoughts over a

variety of topics. Students and experts are able to share and communicate with

like-minded people and can ask for the input and opinion on a particular topic.

Another positive impact of social networking sites is to unite people on a

huge platform for the achievement of some specific objective. This is very

important to bring the positive change in society.

On the other hand, one of the negative effects of social media or network is

it leads to addiction. “Spending countless hours on the social sites can divert the

focus and attention from a particular task. It lowers the motivational level of the
people, especially of the teenagers and students. They mainly rely on technology

and the internet instead of learning the practical knowledge and expertise of the

everyday life.”

“Kids can be greatly affected by these social networking sites if they are

allowed to use them. The reason is that sometimes people share photos on social

media that contains violence and sex, which can damage the behaviour of kids

and teenagers. It puts the negative impact on overall society as these kids and

teenagers involve themselves in crime -related activities.”

According to Karen Fraxier, public relations specialist, writes that social

media “has changed the way people interact. In many ways, social media has led

to positive changes in the way people communicate and share information;

however, it has a dark side, as well. Social networking can sometimes result in

negative outcomes, some with long-term consequences.”

Karen cites a 2010 Case Western Reserve School of Medicine study that

showed hyper-networking (more than three hours on social networks per day) and

hyper texting (more than 120 text messages per day) correlated with unhealthy

behaviours in teens, including drinking, smoking and sexual activity. Hyper-

networking was also associated with depression, substance abuse, poor sleep

patterns, suicide and poor academic performance.

While on the surface it appears social networking brings people together

across the Internet, Karen writes that in a larger sense it may create social

isolation, according to a BBC News report. “As people spend increasing amounts

of time on social networks, they experience less face-to-face interaction. Scientists

have evaluated social isolation in many studies, and have determined that it can

lead to a host of mental, psychological, emotional and physical problems including

depression, anxiety, somatic complaints and many others.

Some of the harmful effects people suggest social networking has are:

encouraging poor grammar, usage, and spelling, allowing information that may be

perceived as fact even in light of evidence to the contrary, exposing children to

online predators, creating a culture in which a single mistake such as a racy picture

or poorly thought-out comment can cause irreparable harm to your reputation,

decreasing productivity as workers habitually check social networking sites while

they should be working.

It is inherent on the individual to use social networking constructively, and

parents must be especially careful to monitor their children's use of social

networking to minimize the potential for negative outcomes.

SYNTHESIS OF REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In the related literature and studies most of the topics are how using social

media affects the student’s performance in school. The related literature according

to Arnold and Paulus 2010 stated that social media is use for educational purposes

because it can widen or broader the range of the topic that is being discussed, and

it is stated that using social media instead of preparing in class may affect the

grade of the student because their time is consumed using social media rather

than studying and preparing for their topic for their class, other literature reviews

said that using too much social media can distract the students from their activities
and school works. Mainly the related literature and studies talks about some of the

disadvantage and advantage of using social media to the students and what

benefits can bring them in using the social media accounts. According to Cole

2009, Valtaja and Fiedler 2009 the use of social media can increase the student’s

learning through the interaction they made this means that the more students are

exposed in using social media they are learning more because of the interaction

they made through using it. Stevens 2009 also added that as a result, students

and educators become equal participants in the knowledge and sharing process

through this both sides are beneficial for creating and disseminating knowledge.

Lewis 2008 stated that most of the time of the students are spent in using social

media for their daily activities and through using it students gather information they

gather more information unlike before that you can only get updates through using

the resources like television or newspaper. Madden 2011 stated that the utilization

of facebook has found to increase users sense of personal belonging among the

students this sense of belonging has in and itself been positively correlated with

academic performance. Livingstone 2008 states that affinity for self-presentation

is often a mark of adolescence and SNS use has made it possible for one’s own

display of personality to reach a larger audience than previous generations.

Different views from different authors gave their comments about the effect of

social media to the students some stated the good effects of it by saying that today

is a modern technology and social media is used to learn in a more advance way

and students and educators can communicate more easier through the use of

social media, and some stated the negative effects saying that social media can
affect the student’s performance in school by using too much social media it can

cause them to get lower grades because their focus is not on their lesson rather

their attention is more on the use of social media. Overall the usage of social media

can bring positive and negative effects to us, but by the right utilization of it we can

avoid the negative effects and turn it into positive effects.

 Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter includes the research design, respondents of the study,

sampling design, instrument of the study, the data gathering procedure and the

statistical treatment that the researchers used in conducting this study.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study used a descriptive research. This type of research is used

to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied. The

researchers used this type of research design, According to Merriam Webster that

descriptive research use to describe what exists and may be able to uncover new

facts and meanings. It is purposely used to observe, describe and document the

aspects or the factors the researchers are looking for as it naturally occurs. It seeks

to describe the variables that the researchers want to know from their respondents.

Descriptive research designs help provide answers to the questions of who,

what, when, where, and how associated with a research problem; a descriptive

study cannot conclusively ascertain answers to why. According to Manuel and

Medel Descriptive research describes what is. It involves the description,

recording, analysis, and interpretation of the present nature, composition or

processes of phenomena. The focus is on prevailing conditions, or how a person,

group, or thing behaves or functions in the present. It often involves some type of

comparison or contrast.
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents of the study will be the Junior High School Students of

Blessed Christian School from the Grade 7 students up to the Grade 10 students.

The researchers will only select 30 students per year level to complete the limit of

respondent needed which consist of 120 people. The selected respondents from

each year level will be given a survey questionnaire that needs their evaluation in

terms of the advantages and disadvantages of social media to students in mental,

emotional and social aspects.

SAMPLING DESIGN

The researchers will use a probability sampling design, a probability

sampling design is a product of a randomized selection processes. Probability

sampling is a sampling technique wherein the samples are gathered in a process

that gives all the individuals in the population equal chances of being selected.

Stratified random sampling is also known as proportional random sampling. This

is a probability sampling technique wherein the subjects are initially grouped into

different classifications such as age, socioeconomic status or gender. Then, the

researcher randomly selects the final list of subjects from the different strata. It is

important to note that all the strata must have no overlaps. Researchers usually

use stratified random sampling if they want to study a particular subgroup within

the population. It is also preferred over the simple random sampling because it

warrants more precise statistical outcomes

INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY

To be able to analyze and interpret the study on the certain variable and factors

that may affect the research. The researchers used the survey questionnaire in conducting

the study. It can help the researchers to gather information from their sample respondents

that will provide the data and information needed to achieve and to solve the problem. In

making the survey questionnaire the researchers focused on the demographic profile of

the respondents, then the assessment of the respondents regarding to the advantages

and disadvantages of social media to the students. The questionnaire contains legend

from 4 – Strongly Agree, 3 – Agree, 2 –Disagree and 1 – Strong Disagree.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

To start the study, the researcher will deliver a letter of request for the

conduct of the study to the principal of the identified high school. Upon the approval

of the request, the researcher will select the respondents. After identifying the

respondents, the researcher, in coordination with their teacher, will give the survey

questionnaire to the respondents. After taking the survey, the researcher will

identify the effects of the social media. The respondents will use the instrument

which is the survey questionnaire. The Information and response of the students

will be processed and subjected. The findings will be extracted and analyzed

based on the processed data.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

In determining the data required for the study, they will need to compute

through statistical treatment. The word statistical is an adjective that means “of,
relating to, based on, or employing the principles of statistics,” (Merriam Webster,

2018). Treatment, on the other hand, is a noun defined by Merriam Webster

(2018) as “the techniques or actions customarily applied in a specified situation;

that way that you deal with or discuss a subject.” Therefore, statistical treatment

means discussing subject with the principles of the statistics.

The following formula is used in the process of analyzing the data in this study:

Formula in finding the Weighted Mean

(𝑥1. 𝑦1) + (𝑥2. 𝑦2) + (𝑥1. 𝑦1) …

𝜇=
𝑛

Where in:
𝜇= mean
𝑥 = frequency of each class
𝑦= number each class
n= population

This study use the T-Test for their statistical treatment:

The t test (also called Student’s T Test) compares two averages (means) and tells

you if they are different from each other. The t test also tells you how significant the

differences are; In other words it lets you know if those differences could have

happened by chance.

Where in:
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data gathered and presented through tables, the

analysis and interpretation of the data is also included here. This is to give a depth

understanding to the conclusion given by this study.

Demographic Profile

Gender Male Female Total 120

65 55

Age 11-13 years old 14-16 years old Total 120

54 66

Grade Level Gr. 7 – Gr. 10 Total 120

And 120

Section

Table no.1
The table shows the demographic profile of the respondents including the

gender, age, grade level and section with the total of 120 respondents, there are

63 males respondents, and 57 female respondents with a total of 120 respondents,

Most of the respondents are from the age 11-13 years old (54) and 14-16 years

old (66) completing the quota of 120 respondents. The number of respondents

from grades level 7-10 is 120 and is divided by 30 respondents each year level.
 Scale and verbal interpretation

3.25-4.0 (Strongly agree)

2.5-3.24 (Agree)

1.75-2.49(Disagree)

1.0-1.74 (Strongly disagree)

Table no.2

Table number 2 shows the scales that were used to identify the Effects of

Social Media to the Junior High School students of Blessed Christian School, the

following scales were used to scrutinize the effects of social media in terms of

social and emotional aspects.

SOCIAL EFFECTS: Weighted Verbal

Mean Interpretation
1) I build strong relationship with other people 2.93 Agree
through social media
2) It enables me to be creative and innovative 2.13 Disagree

3) I can communicate easier using social media 3.35 Strongly

Agree
4) I get faster news updates from social media 3.48 Strongly
Agree
5) It gives access about the happenings in my 3.25 Strongly
surroundings Agree
6) It reduces my personal interaction to people 2.89 Agree

7) I am afraid to experience fraud and scam 3.08 Agree

8) I am afraid of being involved in crime related 3.28 Strongly

activities Agree
9) I have a tendency to be addicted and lose 3.03 Agree
focus
10) It reduces learning and research capabilities 2.89 Agree
 Grand Mean 3.03 Agree

Table no.3

Table number 3 shows the weighted mean and the verbal interpretation for

the effects of social media in terms of social aspect, item number one for social

effects is (I build strong relationship with other people through social media) the

weighted mean is 2.93 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, item number 2 for

social effects is (It enables me to be creative and innovative) the weighted mean

2.13 and is verbally interpreted as Disagree, item number 3 for social effects is (I

can communicate easier using social media) the weighted mean is 3.35 and is

verbally interpreted as Strongly Agree, item number 4 for social effects is (I get

faster news update from social media) the weighted mean is 3.48 and is verbally

interpreted as Strong Agree, item number 5 for social effects is (it gives access

about the happenings in my surroundings) the weighted mean is 3.25 and is

verbally interpreted as Strongly Agree, item number 6 for social effects is (it

reduces my personal interaction to people) the weighted mean is 2.89 and is

verbally interpreted as Agree, item number 7 for social effects is (I am afraid to

experience fraud and scam) the weighted mean is 3.08 and is verbally interpreted

as Agree, item number 8 for social effects is (I am afraid of being involved in crime

related activities) the weighted mean is 3.28 and is verbally interpreted as Strongly

Agree, item number 9 for social effects is (I have a tendency to be addicted and

lose focus) the weighted mean is 3.03 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, for the

last item for social effects is (It reduces learning and research capabilities) the

weighted mean is 2.89 and is verbally interpreted as Agree.

 The grand mean of social effects is 3.03 and is verbally interpreted as

Agree, the students agrees to the items above since the results are ranging from

agree to strongly agree, this means that social media helps them develop

relationship to one another, it gives them faster updates about the happenings and

they can communicate easily using social media, thus it also have a negative effect

since using too much social media can cause addiction and lose focus, you can

also be involved in crime related activities over all the students agrees on what

social media brings an effects in terms of social aspects.

EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Weighted Verbal

Mean Interpretation
1) I feel emotionally satisfied in using social media 3.08 Agree

2) I feel happy when posting in social media 2.93 Agree

3) I get positive vibes in using social media 3.19 Agree

4) I have freedom in expressing my emotions in 3.21 Agree

social media
5) I build confidence because of social media 2.62 Agree

6) I developed trust issues because of social 2.49 Disagree

media
7) It doesn’t help stabilized my emotional well- 2.61 Agree
being
8) It develops negative emotions 2.78 Agree

9) I tend to feel frustrated or angry because of the 2.85 Agree

things, I see and read in social media.
10) I feel inferior and timid because of too much 2.85 Agree
use of social media
Grand Mean 2.86 Agree

Table no.4
 Table number 4 shows the weighted mean and verbal interpretation for the

effects of social media in terms of emotional aspect, item number 1 for emotional

effects is (I feel emotionally satisfied in using social media) the weighted mean is

3.08 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, item number 2 for emotional effects is (I

feel happy when posting in social media) the weighted mean is 2.93 and is verbally

interpreted as Agree, item number 3 for emotional effects is (I get positive vibes

when using social media) the weighted mean is 3.19 and is verbally interpreted as

Agree, item number 4 for emotional effects is (I have freedom in expressing my

emotions in social media) the weighted mean is 3.21 and is verbally interpreted as

Agree, item number 5 for emotional effects is (I build confidence because of social

media) the weighted mean is 2.62 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, item

number 6 for emotional effects is (I developed trust issues because of social

media) the weighted mean is 2.49 and is verbally interpreted as Disagree, item

number 7 for emotional effects is (It doesn’t help stabilized my emotional well-

being) the weighted mean is 2.61 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, item number

8 is (it develops negative emotions) the weighted mean is 2.78 and is verbally

interpreted as Agree, item number 9 for emotional effects is (I tend to feel frustrated

or angry because of the things, I see and read in social media) the weighted mean

is 2.85 and is verbally interpreted as Agree, for the last item for emotional effects

is (I feel inferior and timid because of too much use of social media) the weighted

mean is 2.85 and is verbally interpreted as Agree.

The grand mean of social effects 2.86 and is verbally interpreted as Agree,

the student agrees that using social media has these effect on them in terms of
emotional aspect, this means that social media has effect in their emotional

stability, and they are affected to anything they see or read in the social media

platform also using social media can help them feel happy because they can share

their thoughts on it and they can build their self confidence in using the social

media1, but there are also negative effects of social media in terms of their

emotional well-being, but over-all the items are some of the effects of social media

in their emotional health.

The t-value is 1.31954. The p-value is .100949. The result is not significant at p <

.05.
 CHAPTER 5

FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the findings of the researcher on the results if their

study. After the findings next is the conclusion it is formulated through the findings

of the researcher in the study. Based on the outcome of findings and conclusion

the researchers proceed on giving their recommendation.

1. SUMMARY

Nowadays, social media seems to be a must for all walk of life. It may be a

kid, the younger generation, and the elders. Almost everyone is using social media

platforms. Social media have purposes that are useful to people nowadays. It is

way easier and faster to have communication with other people whether they are

near or far from them. Social media can help people interact with one another and

exchange or share information and ideas. On the other hand, social media have

effects to everyone. This study aims to identify what is the effects of using social

media to the junior high school of blessed christian school, Also this study will

identify on which aspect has social media affects the students either emotionally

or socially. The students from the junior high school department will be the

respondents from grades level 7-10. The used of the quantitative approach is used

in the study, the sampling technique that is used for the study is descriptive

research, the respondents from grades level 7-10 are given a survey questionnaire

containing the categories that they are going to give their assessment in terms of
the services of the effects of social media emotionally and socially. According to

the results social media really affects the students in terms of social aspects.

2. FINDINGS

2.1 The Grand Weighted mean of effects of social media in social is 3.03 and is

verbally interpreted as Agree, the item that got the highest mean is item number 4

(I get faster news updates from social media) with a weighted mean of 3.48 and is

verbally interpreted as Strongly Agree. The item that has the lowest mean in social

effects is item number 2 (It enables me to be creative and innovative) with a

weighted mean of 2.13 and is verbally interpreted as Disagree.

2.2 The Grand Weighted mean of effects of social media in emotional is 2.86 and

is verbally interpreted as Agree, the item that got the highest mean is item number

3 (I get positive vibes in using social media) with a weighted mean of 3.19 and is

verbally interpreted as Agree. The item that has the lowest weighted mean is item

number 6 (I developed trust issues because of social media) with a weighted mean

of 2.49 and is verbally interpreted as Disagree.

3. CONCLUSION

3.1 The effects of social media in terms of social aspects is mostly agreed by the

respondents, except to the item number 2 (It enables me to be creative and

innovative) the respondents disagree to this item because they don’t think that

social media helps them to be creative and innovative.

3.2 The effects of social media in terms of emotional aspects is mostly agreed by

the respondents, except for the item number 6 (I developed trust issues because

of social media) the respondents disagree to this item because they don’t think

that social media can affect their trust by using it or make communication through

social media.

4. RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 The researchers recommends to watch or see videos about life hacks and

tutorials where they are interested so that it will help them to be creative and

innovative by the means of using the social media, also everyone should know

how to utilized and use the social media and use it for only good purposes and

avoid using social media to create crimes or any foul activity.

4.2 The researchers recommends to think before you click, check the source and

information if it is helpful, legitimate and accurate to avoid spreading fake news or

information.