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    Muneeb
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    of 5

    Assignment # 01

    Course Title: Operating Systems


    Session: 2k16

    Submitted To:
    Engr. Faisal Ali
    Submitted By:

    Muneeb Sohail

    16-TE-28

    Beta

    Department of Telecom Engineering


    University of Engineering & Technology
    Taxila
    1) Cloud Computing Operating Systems:

    What is Cloud Computing?


    If we talk about the term “Cloud Computing”…we will come to know that storage and
    access of data and programs over the internet rather than the hard drive you have in your
    computer is called “Cloud Computing”. It is an information technology pattern which
    enables a user to use different computing capabilities in the regard of storage and
    processing of data. It’s like the outsourcing of data and computer programs which enables
    us to access our data from wherever we need.

    Difference between local storage computing and cloud computing:


    Cloud computing is not like hard drive. Whenever we store data on hard drive or run any
    program from hard drive, this is called local storage computing. This sort of computing
    makes the access of data and programs fast and easy for the computer on which we are
    storing our data or for other computers connected by local network.
    While in case of cloud computing, the data is stored over the internet. So, in order to get
    access to your data, you must have an internet connection. However, in case you have
    synchronized that data over the web with other information, you may have access to it.
    This clears the sense that accessing of data over cloud computing is not as fast and easy
    as in local storage computing. So, we conclude that cloud computing can be done
    anywhere and anytime but with an online connection.

    What is Cloud Computing Operating System?


    The kind of operating system made to work or operate within the environment where the
    data is stored or processed over the internet is called…”Cloud Computing Operating
    System”. It provides the multiple accesses to various tasks to multiple users at a time
    therefore; it is also referred as virtual operating system.

    Importance of Cloud Computing Operating System:


    Cloud computing operating system provides a platform where you can enhance the
    performance and flexibility of your IT resources and get a safe access to your data
    anytime whenever you want. Mostly cloud computing operating systems are designed in
    a way that they enable the cloud apps and cloud programs to be used without the
    reconstruction of underlying technologies. The users connected by some network
    attached sources across cloud environments may get access to same data at a time. Cloud
    computing OS ensures a desired security level and provides us better quality service. Due
    to the balanced workloads provided by it and the reduction in cost claimed by cloud
    providers, it has become very important in the business market.

    Limitations of Cloud Computing Operating System:


    Cloud computing OS provides limited customization. As it is a cheaper OS, it provides
    you fewer options to be accessed than others. It does not provide the back end
    infrastructure to its users as the cloud vendor holds the only right. There are some
    confidentiality and privacy threats under concern while using cloud computing OS.

    2) Real Time Embedded Operating Systems:

    What is Real-Time Embedded System?


    An electronic system with a specific/dedicated function within a large system
    (mechanical or electrical) is called as an embedded system. Nowadays many devices are
    controlled by embedded systems.
    Those systems that ensure the worst-case response times when occur the critical events
    and average-case response times when there are non-critical events, are called as Real-
    Time Systems. And when we design them as an embedded component, they are called as
    Real-Time Embedded Systems.

    Characteristics of Real-Time Embedded Operating Systems (RTOS):

     They react to an input within a specified time period. So, we can say that a
    RTOS’s job has a deadline.
     In these systems, correctness of computations does not depend only upon the
    logical correctness but also depends upon the time at which result is produced.
     They have a complex characteristics’ set that makes them different from other
    software apps.
     A RTOS consists of a large system which further consists of digital and analogue,
    mechanical/electrical devices and sensors.
     A RTOS reduces the complexity of a circuit which causes the reduction in size
    and cost of circuit.
     Depending upon the application, a RTOS can be programmed or non-
    programmed to perform/operate the single/multiple tasks.

    Applications and Examples of RTOS:


    Real-Time Embedded Operating Systems provide some useful help in many fields of life
    such as medical, military, education and government, commercial and cultural areas:
    Included are
     Traffic control for highways, railway tracks, airspace and shipping lanes.
     Computer games
     Telephone/radio and Satellite communications.
     Military uses such as command and control, tracking etc.
     Vehicle systems in the area of automobiles, aircraft, railways, subways and ships.
     Medical systems for patient monitoring, radiation therapy and defibrillation.
     Manufacturing systems for robots.
     Multimedia systems that provide graphic, text, audio and video.
     Household systems for controlling and monitoring the appliances.
    3) Open Source Operating Systems:

    What is Open Source Operating System?


    When the source code of an operating system is made available with a license that has a
    copyright holder providing the rights to read/change and distribute OS to anyone for
    anything, that operating system is called as an open source operating system. So, we can
    say that these are the systems that can be enhanced openly by random users through
    internet all over the world.
    Imagine, an operating system is programmed and made available on the internet with an
    open source license ensuring the acceptable change in the system. This operating system
    can be studied, upgraded, enhanced or changed by any other user who is accessing to it.

    Advantages of OSS:
     Open Source Operating System development through various multiple
    independent users provides more diversity in the designing of perspective than
    any other source as everyone is free to do whatever he/she wants to do.
     It’s easy to use.
     It builds the loyalty of a developer as it provides a sense of ownership among the
    developers.
     It lowers the costs of marketing and other services and as a result of that,
    production of a company gets increased.
     Through it, high quality and reliable software is produced more quickly and
    inexpensively.
     In order to make a flexible OS or to add certain abilities to an OS, one will use
    OSS as it is an innovative operating system.
     Open source operating system does not depend upon its actual programmer or
    company. So, if company fails, the OSS still continues to exist and can be
    upgraded by users.

    Reasons why OSS is preferable:


    As provided by Open Source Business Conference Survey, following are the reasons why
    Open Source Operating System is preferable:

     Lower cost
     Better quality
     Security
     No vendor ‘lock in’
     Transparency

    Examples of OSS:
     Android
     Linux kernel
     Ubuntu
     MySQL
     Samba
     BIND
     Apache

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