Government of Tamilnadu

Department of Employment and Training

Course : TNPSC Group II Exam

Subject : Aptitude and Mental Ability
Topic : Simplification

 Copyright

The Department of Employment and Training has prepared the TNPSC Group-II
Preliminary and Main Exam study material in the form of e-content for the benefit of
Competitive Exam aspirants and it is being uploaded in this Virtual Learning Portal. This
e-content study material is the sole property of the Department of Employment and
Training. No one (either an individual or an institution) is allowed to make copy or
reproduce the matter in any form. The trespassers will be prosecuted under the Indian
Copyright Act.

It is a cost-free service provided to the job seekers who are preparing for the
Competitive Exams.

Commissioner,
Department of Employment and Training.
 SIMPLIFICATION

FORMULA
 (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
 am an = am - n
 (a b)2 = a2 + b2 2ab
 am x an = am + n
 (a + b + c)2= a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 (ab + bc + ca)
 (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b)
 (a - b)3 = a3 - b3 – 3 ab (a b)
 a3 + b3 = (a + b) ( a2 + b2 ab)
 a3 b3 = (a b) ( a2 + b2 + ab)
 a2 – b2 = (a + b) (a b)
 a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c) ( a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
If a + b + c = 0, then the above identify reduces to a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
 Sum of natural numbers =

 Sum of square of natural numbers =

 Sum of cubes of ‘n’ natural numbers =

 = y, Then the required number = y2

 =
 = ab
 =
 =

 =

 =

 N=

Page 1
 SIMPLIFICATION

1. Properties of a Perfect Square Number:

A number whose exact square root (which must be a whole number can be obtained, is
called a perfect square:
a) A number ending with 2, 3, 7 or 8 cannot be a perfect square.
b) The last digit of a perfect square must be 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 or 9.
c) A number ending with odd number of zeroes cannot be a perfect square, e.g. 9000,
25000, 16000, etc. are not perfect squares.
d) A perfect square number is either exactly divisible by 3 or leaves a remainder of 1,
when divided by 3.
e.g. 64 if divided by 3, will leave a remainder of 1
36 is exactly divisible by 3.
e) A perfect square number is either exactly divisible by 4 or leaves a remainder of 1,
when divided by 4
e.g. 81 if divided by 4, will leave a remainder of 1
100 is exactly divisible by 4.

2. Square Root of Vulgar Fraction

=?
Step 1: Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the donominator.
Step 2: Find the square root of the new numerator and divide it by the new denominator.

= = = = 0.652

EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
1. (1 – ) (1 – ) (1 – )……(1 – ) =
(3 – ) (4 – ) (5 – )……(q – )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )……(q – )

Ans =

2.

Solution:
Let, a = 16.12 b = 13.88
3 3 2 2
a + b / a – ab + b
= (a + b) (a2 – ab + b2) / (a2 – ab + b2)

Page 2
 SIMPLIFICATION

= (a + b)
= 16.12 + 13.88
Ans = 30

3. If 1 + 2 + 3 + …. + n = K, then
13 + 23 + 33 + …. + n3 =_____________

Solution:
1 + 2 + 3 + …. + n (n + 1) / 2
n (n + 1) / 2 = K [1 + 2 + 3 + ….. + n = K]
13 + 23 + 33 + ….. + n3 = [n (n + 1) / 2]2
Ans : K2

4. If a clock strikes once at 1’o’ clock, twice at 2’o’ clock and so on, how many times will it
strike in a day?

Solution:
1 + 2 + 3 + ………. + 12
No of time in a day = 2[1 + 2 + 3 + ………. + 12]
= (n = 12)
= 2 x n (n + 1)/2
= 2 x 12 (13)/2
= 2 x 6(13)
= 2 x 78 = 156
Ans = 156

5. If 8m = 32, then m is

Solution:
8m = 32
(23)m = 25
23m = 25
3m = 5
Ans =
2
6. Simplify
[(x2)1/3]1/4
Ans : x1/6
Page 3
 SIMPLIFICATION

7. If = 89, = 2716, = 649 then = ?

Solution:
= 23 32 = 89
= 33 42 = 2716
= 43 32 = 649
= 13 22 = 14

8. Simplify
Solution:
=

Ans =

9.
Solution:
2
=
=
2
= =
=
Ans: 8

10. If n, n + 2, n + 4 are prime numbers, then the least value of n is

If n = 1 - > 1, 3, 5 -> 1 is not prime numbers
If n = 2 -> 2, 4, 6 -> Is not prime numbers
If n = 3 -> 3, 3 + 2, 3 + 4…..
3, 5, 7 -> is prime numbers
The Least value of n is 3.

Page 4
 SIMPLIFICATION

11. The value of

Solution:
=

[Multiply by 100]

= 7/2 x 5 = 7/10
Ans: 0.7

12. If the mean of x, x + 3, x + 6, x + 9, x + 12 is 60, then the value of x is

Solution:
= 60

x + x + 3 + x + 6 + x + 9 + x + 12 = 60 x 5
5 x + 30 = 60 x 5
5 x = 300 – 30
5 x = 270
x=
Ans: x = 54

13. Find the value of

Solution:
=
=
=
=
=
Page 5
 SIMPLIFICATION

=
=
= =8

14. (0.673) x (0.673) – (0.327) x (0.327) / 1 – 0.654

Solution:
= (0.673)2 – (0.327)2 / 1 – 0.654
= (0.673 + 0.327) (0.673 – 0.327) / 1 – 0.654
= (1.000) x (0.346) / 1 0.654
= 0.346 / 0.346
= 1.000 = Ans: 1

15. Simplify the following x2 + 1 / x 4 –1

Solutions:
= x 2 + 1 / x 4 –1 = x 2 + 1 / (x 2)2 –12
= x 2 + 1 / (x 2 + 1)( x 2 –1)
= 1 / x2– 1
Ans = 1 / x 2 –1

EXERCISE PROBLEMS:

1. For a set of 500 observations variance is found to be 125. If 25 is added to each

observation and 55 is subtracted then the new variance under simplification?
(a) 95 (b) 150 (c) 180 (d) 125

260 2
2. What is x in ?
x 6
(a) 30 (b) 36 (c) 38 (d) 230
3. Find x in
5 9 6 84
7 3 7 70
8 6 7 56
5 x 3 36
(a) 4 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 3

Page 6
 SIMPLIFICATION

4. Find the value of

(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 6

5. Simplify the following

(a) (b) (c) x 2 (d)

6. 5% income of X is equal to 15% income of Y and 10% income of Y is equal to 20% income
of Z. If income of Z is Rs. 3,000 then total income of X, Y and Z in Rupees is
(a) 18,000 (b) 12,000 (c) 27,000 (d) 16,000

7.

(a) 0.276 (b) 0.354 (c) 0.412 (d) 1.000

8. is equal to
3 5 7
11 13 17
19 29

(a) 25 (b) 21 (c) 22 (d) 23

9.
(a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 6

10. If 2% of is 40, then 2% of ( + 50) =

(a) 50 (b) 401 (c) 410 (d) 41

11. The value of =

(a) 0.7 (b) 0.9 (c) 0.6 (d) 0.8

12. Simplify
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Page 7
 SIMPLIFICATION

13. Find the value of

(a) 333 (b) 579 (c) 456 (d) 123

14. If : y = 2 : 1 then ( 2 – y 2) : ( 2
+ y 2) is
(a) 3 : 5 (b) 5 : 3 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 3 : 1

15. If : y = 5 : 7, then 7 – 3 y /14 + 5y =?

(a) 1/15 (b) 1/7 (c) 7/3 (d) 5/7

16. The sum of n terms of

(a) (b) (c) (d)

17. If ab = 169 then (a – 1)b + 1

(a) 1278 (b) 1728 (c) 1827 (d) 2781

18. The value of

(a) 500 (b) 600 (c) 650 (d) 50

19. 482 + 2 x 48 x 52 + 522 is

(a) 42 (b) 1002 (c) 992 (d) 1000

ANSWER KEYS:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D A B B B C D D A D
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
A A A A A A B A B

Page 8