Steam Data Book 1564813267819

P1: PBY/PBR P2: PBY/PBR QC: PBY/PBR T1: PBY
GTBL057-appa GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7 June 2, 2008 20:45
APPENDIX
SI Units:
Single-State
Properties
A
TABLE A.1
Conversion Factors
Area (A)
1 mm2 = 1.0 × 10−6 m2 1 ft2 = 144 in.2
1 cm2 = 1.0 × 10−4 m2 = 0.1550 in.2 1 in.2 = 6.4516 cm2 = 6.4516 × 10−4 m2
1 m2 = 10.7639 ft2 1 ft2 = 0.092 903 m2
Conductivity (k)
1 W/m-K = 1 J/s-m-K
= 0.577 789 Btu/h-ft-◦ R 1 Btu/h-ft-R = 1.730 735 W/m-K
Density (ρ)
1 kg/m3 = 0.06242797 lbm/ft3 1 lbm/ft3 = 16.018 46 kg/m3
1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3
1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/L
Energy (E, U)
1J = 1 N-m = 1 kg-m2 /s2
1J = 0.737 562 lbf-ft l lbf-ft = 1.355 818 J
1 cal (Int.) = 4.18681 J = 1.28507 × 10−3 Btu
1 Btu (Int.) = 1.055 056 kJ
1 erg = 1.0 × 10−7 J = 778.1693 lbf-ft
1 eV = 1.602 177 33 × 10−19 J
Force (F)
1 N = 0.224809 lbf 1 lbf = 4.448 222 N
1 kp = 9.80665 N (1 kgf)
Gravitation
g = 9.80665 m/s2 g = 32.17405 ft/s2
Heat capacity (C p , C v , C), specific entropy (s)

1 kJ/kg-K = 0.238 846 Btu/lbm-◦ R 1 Btu/lbm-◦ R = 4.1868 kJ/kg-K
Heat flux (per unit area)

1 W/m2 = 0.316 998 Btu/h-ft2 1 Btu/h-ft2 = 3.15459 W/m2
755
2nd Confirming Pages

756 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES
TABLE A.1 (continued )

Conversion Factors
Heat-transfer coefficient (h)
1 W/m2 -K = 0.176 11 Btu/h-ft2 -◦ R 1 Btu/h-ft2 -◦ R = 5.67826 W/m2 -K
Length (L)
1 mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm 1 ft = 12 in.
1 cm = 0.01 m = 10 mm = 0.3970 in. 1 in. = 2.54 cm = 0.0254 m
1 m = 3.28084 ft = 39.370 in. 1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 km = 0.621 371 mi 1 mi = 1.609344 km
1 mi = 1609.3 m (US statute) 1 yd = 0.9144 m
Mass (m)
1 kg = 2.204 623 lbm 1 lbm = 0.453 592 kg
1 tonne = 1000 kg 1 slug = 14.5939 kg
1 grain = 6.47989 × 10−5 kg 1 ton = 2000 lbm
Moment (torque, T)
1 N-m = 0.737 562 lbf-ft 1 lbf-ft = 1.355 818 N-m
Momentum (mV )
1 kg-m/s = 7.232 94 lbm-ft/s 1 lbm-ft/s = 0.138 256 kg-m/s
= 0.224809 lbf-s
Power ( Q̇, Ẇ)

1W = 1 J/s = 1 N-m/s 1 lbf-ft/s =1.355 818 W
= 0.737 562 lbf-ft/s = 4.626 24 Btu/h
IkW = 3412.14 Btu/h 1 Btu/s = 1.055 056 kW
1 hp (metric) = 0.735 499 kW 1 hp (UK) = 0.7457 kW
= 550 lbf-ft/s
= 2544.43 Btu/h
1 ton of 1 ton of
refrigeration = 3.516 85 kW refrigeration = 12 000 Btu/h
Pressure (P)
1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 1 kg/m-s2 1 lbf/in.2 = 6.894 757 kPa
1 bar = 1.0 × 105 Pa = 100 kPa
1 arm = 101.325 kPa 1 atm = 14.695 94 lbf/in.2
= 1.01325 bar = 29.921 in. Hg [32◦ F]
= 760 mm Hg [0◦ C] = 33.899 5 ft H2 O [4◦ C]
= 10.332 56 m H2 O [4◦ C]
1 torr = 1 mm Hg [0◦ C]
1 mm Hg [0◦ C] = 0.133 322 kPa 1 in. Hg [0◦ C] = 0.49115 lbf/in.2
1 m H2 O [4◦ C] = 9.806 38 kPa 1 in. H2 O [4◦ C] = 0.036126 lbf/in.2
Specific energy (e, u)

1 kJ/kg = 0.42992 Btu/lbm 1 Btu/lbm = 2.326 kJ/kg
= 334.55 lbf-ft/lbm 1 lbf-ft/lbm = 2.98907 × 10−3 kJ/kg
= 1.28507 × 10−3 Btu/lbm

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 757

Conversion Factors
Specific kinetic energy ( 12 V2 )
1 m2 /s2 = 0.001 kJ/kg 1 ft2 /s2 = 3.9941 × 10−5 Btu/lbm
1 kJ/kg = 1000 m2 /s2 1 Btu/lbm = 25037 ft2 /s2
Specific potential energy (Zg)

1 m-gstd = 9.80665 × 10−3 kJ/kg l ft-gstd = 1.0 lbf-ft/lbm
= 4.21607 × 10−3 Btu/lbm = 0.001285 Btu/lbm
= 0.002989 kJ/kg
Specific volume (v)

1 cm3 /g = 0.001 m3 /kg
1 cm3 /g = 1 L/kg
1 m3 /kg = 16.01846 ft3 /lbm 1 ft3 /lbm = 0.062 428 m3 /kg
Temperature (T)
1 K = 1◦ C = 1.8 R = 1.8 F 1 R = (5/9) K
TC = TK − 273.15 TF = TR − 459.67
= (TF − 32)/1.8 = 1.8 TC + 32
TK = TR/1.8 TR = 1.8 TK
Universal Gas Constant

R̄ = N0 k = 8.31451 kJ/kmol-K R̄ = 1.98589 Btu/lbmol-R
= 1.98589 kcal/kmol-K = 1545.36 lbf-ft/lbmol-R
= 82.0578 atm-L/kmol-K = 0.73024 atm-ft3 /lbmol-R
= 10.7317 (lbf/in.2 )-ft3 /lbmol-R
Velcoity (V)
1 m/s = 3.6 km/h 1 ft/s = 0.681818 mi/h
= 3.28084 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
= 2.23694 mi/h = 1.09728 km/h
1 km/h = 0.27778 m/s 1 mi/h = 1.46667 ft/s
= 0.91134 ft/s = 0.44704 m/s
= 0.62137 mi/h = 1.609344 km/h
Volume (V )
1 m3 = 35.3147 ft3 1 ft3 = 2.831 685 × 10−2 m3
1L = 1 dm3 = 0.001 m3 1 in.3 = 1.6387 × 10−5 m3
1 Gal (US) = 3.785 412 L 1 Gal (UK) = 4.546 090 L
= 3.785 412 × 10−3 m3 1 Gal (US) = 231.00 in.3

TABLE A.2
Critical Constants
Molec. Temp. Press. Vol.
Substance Formula Mass (K) (MPa) (m3 /kg)
Ammonia NH3 17.031 405.5 11.35 0.00426
Argon Ar 39.948 150.8 4.87 0.00188
Bromine Br2 159.808 588 10.30 0.000796
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.01 304.1 7.38 0.00212
Carbon monoxide CO 28.01 132.9 3.50 0.00333
Chlorine C12 70.906 416.9 7.98 0.00175
Fluorine F2 37.997 144.3 5.22 0.00174
Helium He 4.003 5.19 0.227 0.0143
Hydrogen (normal) H2 2.016 33.2 1.30 0.0323
Krypton Kr 83.80 209.4 5.50 0.00109
Neon Ne 20.183 44.4 2.76 0.00206
Nitric oxide NO 30.006 180 6.48 0.00192
Nitrogen N2 28.013 126.2 3.39 0.0032
Nitrogen dioxide NO2 46.006 431 10.1 0.00365
Nitrous oxide N2 O 44.013 309.6 7.24 0.00221
Oxygen O2 31.999 154.6 5.04 0.00229
Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.063 430.8 7.88 0.00191
Water H2 O 18.015 647.3 22.12 0.00317
Xenon Xe 131.30 289.7 5.84 0.000902
Acetylene C2 H2 26.038 308.3 6.14 0.00433
Benzene C 6 H6 78.114 562.2 4.89 0.00332
n-Butane C4 H10 58.124 425.2 3.80 0.00439
Chlorodifluoroethane (142b) CH3 CClF2 100.495 410.3 4.25 0.00230
Chlorodifluoromethane (22) CHClF2 86.469 369.3 4.97 0.00191
Dichlorofluoroethane (141) CH3 CCl2 F 116.95 481.5 4.54 0.00215
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (123) CHCl2 CF3 152.93 456.9 3.66 0.00182
Difluoroethane (152a) CHF2 CH3 66.05 386.4 4.52 0.00272
Difluoromethane (32) CF2 H2 52.024 351.3 5.78 0.00236
Ethane C 2 H6 30.070 305.4 4.88 0.00493
Ethyl alcohol C2 H5 OH 46.069 513.9 6.14 0.00363
Ethylene C 2 H4 28.054 282.4 5.04 0.00465
n-Heptane C7 H16 100.205 540.3 2.74 0.00431
n-Hexane C6 H14 86.178 507.5 3.01 0.00429
Methane CH4 16.043 190.4 4.60 0.00615
Methyl alcohol CH3 OH 32.042 512.6 8.09 0.00368
n-Octane C8 H18 114.232 568.8 2.49 0.00431
Pentafluoroethane (125) CHF2 CF3 120.022 339.2 3.62 0.00176
n-Pentane C5 H12 72.151 469.7 3.37 0.00421
Propane C 3 H8 44.094 369.8 4.25 0.00454
Propene C3 H6 42.081 364.9 4.60 0.00430
Refrigerant mixture R-410a 72.585 344.5 4.90 0.00218
Tetrafluoroethane (134a) CF3 CH2 F 102.03 374.2 4.06 0.00197

TABLE A.3 TABLE A.4

Properties of Selected Solids at 25◦ C Properties of Some Liquids at 25◦ C ∗
ρ Cp ρ Cp
Substance (kg/m3 ) (kJ/kg-K) Substance (kg/m3 ) (kJ/kg-K)
Asphalt 2120 0.92 Ammonia 604 4.84
Brick, common 1800 0.84 Benzene 879 1.72
Carbon, diamond 3250 0.51 Butane 556 2.47
Carbon, graphite 2000–2500 0.61 CCl4 1584 0.83
Coal 1200–1500 1.26 CO2 680 2.9
Concrete 2200 0.88 Ethanol 783 2.46
Glass, plate 2500 0.80 Gasoline 750 2.08
Glass, wool 20 0.66 Glycerine 1260 2.42
Granite 2750 0.89 Kerosene 815 2.0
Ice (0◦ C) 917 2.04 Methanol 787 2.55
Paper 700 1.2 n-Octane 692 2.23
Plexiglass 1180 1.44 Oil engine 885 1.9
Polystyrene 920 2.3 Oil light 910 1.8
Polyvinyl chloride 1380 0.96 Propane 510 2.54
Rubber, soft 1100 1.67 R-12 1310 0.97
Sand, dry 1500 0.8 R-22 1190 1.26
Salt, rock 2100–2500 0.92 R-32 961 1.94
Silicon 2330 0.70 R-125 1191 1.41
Snow, firm 560 2.1 R-134a 1206 1.43
Wood, hard (oak) 720 1.26 R-410a 1059 1.69
Wood, soft (pine) 510 1.38 Water 997 4.18
Wool 100 1.72 Liquid metals
Metals Bismuth, Bi 10040 0.14
Aluminum 2700 0.90 Lead, Pb 10660 0.16
Brass, 60–40 8400 0.38 Mercury, Hg 13580 0.14
Copper, commercial 8300 0.42 NaK (56/44) 887 1.13
Gold 19300 0.13 Potassium, K 828 0.81
Iron, cast 7272 0.42 Sodium, Na 929 1.38
Iron, 304 St Steel 7820 0.46 Tin, Sn 6950 0.24
Lead 11340 0.13 Zinc, Zn 6570 0.50
Magnesium, 2% Mn 1778 1.00 ∗ Or T melt if higher.
Nickel, 10% Cr 8666 0.44
Silver, 99.9% Ag 10524 0.24
Sodium 971 1.21
Tin 7304 0.22
Tungsten 19300 0.13
Zinc 7144 0.39

TABLE A.5
Properties of Various Ideal Gases at 25◦ C, 100 kPa∗ (SI Units)
Chemical Molecular R ρ C p0 C v0
Cp
Gas Formula Mass (kg/kmol) (kJ/kg-K) (kg/m3 ) (kJ/kg-K) (kJ/kg-K) k=
Cv
Steam H2 O 18.015 0.4615 0.0231 1.872 1.410 1.327
Acetylene C2 H2 26.038 0.3193 1.05 1.699 1.380 1.231
Air — 28.97 0.287 1.169 1.004 0.717 1.400
Ammonia NH3 17.031 0.4882 0.694 2.130 1.642 1.297
Argon Ar 39.948 0.2081 1.613 0.520 0.312 1.667
Butane C4 H10 58.124 0.1430 2.407 1.716 1.573 1.091
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.01 0.1889 1.775 0.842 0.653 1.289
Carbon monoxide CO 28.01 0.2968 1.13 1.041 0.744 1.399
Ethane C2 H6 30.07 0.2765 1.222 1.766 1.490 1.186
Ethanol C2 H5 OH 46.069 0.1805 1.883 1.427 1.246 1.145
Ethylene C2 H4 28.054 0.2964 1.138 1.548 1.252 1.237
Helium He 4.003 2.0771 0.1615 5.193 3.116 1.667
Hydrogen H2 2.016 4.1243 0.0813 14.209 10.085 1.409
Methane CH4 16.043 0.5183 0.648 2.254 1.736 1.299
Methanol CH3 OH 32.042 0.2595 1.31 1.405 1.146 1.227
Neon Ne 20.183 0.4120 0.814 1.03 0.618 1.667
Nitric oxide NO 30.006 0.2771 1.21 0.993 0.716 1.387
Nitrogen N2 28.013 0.2968 1.13 1.042 0.745 1.400
Nitrous oxide N2 O 44.013 0.1889 1.775 0.879 0.690 1.274
n-Octane C8 H18 114.23 0.07279 0.092 1.711 1.638 1.044
Oxygen O2 31.999 0.2598 1.292 0.922 0.662 1.393
Propane C3 H8 44.094 0.1886 1.808 1.679 1.490 1.126
R-12 CCl2 F2 120.914 0.06876 4.98 0.616 0.547 1.126
R-22 CHClF2 86.469 0.09616 3.54 0.658 0.562 1.171
R-32 CF2 H2 52.024 0.1598 2.125 0.822 0.662 1.242
R-125 CHF2 CF3 120.022 0.06927 4.918 0.791 0.722 1.097
R-134a CF3 CH2 F 102.03 0.08149 4.20 0.852 0.771 1.106
Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.059 0.1298 2.618 0.624 0.494 1.263
Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.053 0.10386 3.272 0.635 0.531 1.196
∗ Or saturation pressure if it is less than 100 kPa.

TABLE A.6
Constant-Pressure Specific Heats of Various Ideal Gases†
C ρ0 = C 0 + C 1 θ + C 2 θ 2 + C 3 θ 3 (kJ/kg K) θ = T(Kelvin)/1000
Gas Formula C0 C1 C2 C3
Steam H2 O 1.79 0.107 0.586 −0.20
Acetylene C 2 H2 1.03 2.91 −1.92 0.54
Air — 1.05 −0.365 0.85 −0.39
Ammonia NH3 1.60 1.4 1.0 −0.7
Argon Ar 0.52 0 0 0
Butane C4 H10 0.163 5.70 −1.906 −0.049
Carbon dioxide CO2 0.45 1.67 −1.27 0.39
Carbon monoxide CO 1.10 −0.46 1.0 −0.454
Ethane C 2 H6 0.18 5.92 −2.31 0.29
Ethanol C2 H5 OH 0.2 −4.65 −1.82 0.03
Ethylene C 2 H4 0.136 5.58 −3.0 0.63
Helium He 5.193 0 0 0
Hydrogen H2 13.46 4.6 −6.85 3.79
Methane CH4 1.2 3.25 0.75 −0.71
Methanol CH3 OH 0.66 2.21 0.81 −0.89
Neon Ne 1.03 0 0 0
Nitric oxide NO 0.98 −0.031 0.325 −0.14
Nitrogen N2 1.11 −0.48 0.96 −0.42
Nitrous oxide N2 O 0.49 1.65 −1.31 0.42
n-Octane C8 H18 −0.053 6.75 −3.67 0.775
Oxygen O2 0.88 −0.0001 0.54 −0.33
Propane C 3 H8 −0.096 6.95 −3.6 0.73
R-12∗ CCl2 F2 0.26 1.47 −1.25 0.36
R-22∗ CHClF2 0.2 1.87 −1.35 0.35
R-32∗ CF2 H2 0.227 2.27 −0.93 0.041
R-125∗ CHF2 CF3 0.305 1.68 −0.284 0
R-134a∗ CF3 CH2 F 0.165 2.81 −2.23 1.11
Sulfur dioxide SO2 0.37 1.05 −0.77 0.21
Sulfur trioxide SO3 0.24 1.7 −1.5 0.46
† Approximate forms valid from 250 K to 1200 K.
∗ Formula limited to maximum 500 K.

TABLE A7.1
Ideal-Gas Properties of Air, Standard Entropy at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure
T u h s0T T u h s0T
(K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
200 142.77 200.17 6.46260 1100 845.45 1161.18 8.24449
220 157.07 220.22 6.55812 1150 889.21 1219.30 8.29616
240 171.38 240.27 6.64535 1200 933.37 1277.81 8.34596
260 185.70 260.32 6.72562 1250 977.89 1336.68 8.39402
280 200.02 280.39 6.79998 1300 1022.75 1395.89 8.44046
290 207.19 290.43 6.83521 1350 1067.94 1455.43 8.48539
298.15 213.04 298.62 6.86305 1400 1113.43 1515.27 8.52891
300 214.36 300.47 6.86926 1450 1159.20 1575.40 8.57111
320 228.73 320.58 6.93413 1500 1205.25 1635.80 8.61208
340 243.11 340.70 6.99515 1550 1251.55 1696.45 8.65185
360 257.53 360.86 7.05276 1600 1298.08 1757.33 8.69051
380 271.99 381.06 7.10735 1650 1344.83 1818.44 8.72811
400 286.49 401.30 7.15926 1700 1391.80 1879.76 8.76472
420 301.04 421.59 7.20875 1750 1438.97 1941.28 8.80039
440 315.64 441.93 7.25607 1800 1486.33 2002.99 8.83516
460 330.31 462.34 7.30142 1850 1533.87 2064.88 8.86908
480 345.04 482.81 7.34499 1900 1581.59 2126.95 8.90219
500 359.84 503.36 7.38692 1950 1629.47 2189.19 8.93452
520 374.73 523.98 7.42736 2000 1677.52 2251.58 8.96611
540 389.69 544.69 7.46642 2050 1725.71 2314.13 8.99699
560 404.74 565.47 7.50422 2100 1774.06 2376.82 9.02721
580 419.87 586.35 7.54084 2150 1822.54 2439.66 9.05678
600 435.10 607.32 7.57638 2200 1871.16 2502.63 9.08573
620 450.42 628.38 7.61090 2250 1919.91 2565.73 9.11409
640 465.83 649.53 7.64448 2300 1968.79 2628.96 9.14189
660 481.34 670.78 7.67717 2350 2017.79 2692.31 9.16913
680 496.94 692.12 7.70903 2400 2066.91 2755.78 9.19586
700 512.64 713.56 7.74010 2450 2116.14 2819.37 9.22208
720 528.44 735.10 7.77044 2500 2165.48 2883.06 9.24781
740 544.33 756.73 7.80008 2550 2214.93 2946.86 9.27308
760 560.32 778.46 7.82905 2600 2264.48 3010.76 9.29790
780 576.40 800.28 7.85740 2650 2314.13 3074.77 9.32228
800 592.58 822.20 7.88514 2700 2363.88 3138.87 9.34625
850 633.42 877.40 7.95207 2750 2413.73 3203.06 9.36980
900 674.82 933.15 8.01581 2800 2463.66 3267.35 9.39297
950 716.76 989.44 8.07667 2850 2513.69 3331.73 9.41576
1000 759.19 1046.22 8.13493 2900 2563.80 3396.19 9.43818
1050 802.10 1103.48 8.19081 2950 2613.99 3460.73 9.46025
1100 845.45 1161.18 8.24449 3000 2664.27 3525.36 9.48198

TABLE A7.2
The Isentropic Relative Pressure and Relative Volume Functions
T[K] Pr vr T[K] Pr vr T[K] Pr vr
200 0.2703 493.47 700 23.160 20.155 1900 1327.5 0.95445
220 0.3770 389.15 720 25.742 18.652 1950 1485.8 0.87521
240 0.5109 313.27 740 28.542 17.289 2000 1658.6 0.80410
260 0.6757 256.58 760 31.573 16.052 2050 1847.1 0.74012
280 0.8756 213.26 780 34.851 14.925 2100 2052.1 0.68242
290 0.9899 195.36 800 38.388 13.897 2150 2274.8 0.63027
298.15 1.0907 182.29 850 48.468 11.695 2200 2516.2 0.58305
300 1.1146 179.49 900 60.520 9.9169 2250 2777.5 0.54020
320 1.3972 152.73 950 74.815 8.4677 2300 3059.9 0.50124
340 1.7281 131.20 1000 91.651 7.2760 2350 3364.6 0.46576
360 2.1123 113.65 1050 111.35 6.2885 2400 3693.0 0.43338
380 2.5548 99.188 1100 134.25 5.4641 2450 4046.2 0.40378
400 3.0612 87.137 1150 160.73 4.7714 2500 4425.8 0.37669
420 3.6373 77.003 1200 191.17 4.1859 2550 4833.0 0.35185
440 4.2892 68.409 1250 226.02 3.6880 2600 5269.5 0.32903
460 5.0233 61.066 1300 265.72 3.2626 2650 5736.7 0.30805
480 5.8466 54.748 1350 310.74 2.8971 2700 6236.2 0.28872
500 6.7663 49.278 1400 361.62 2.5817 2750 6769.7 0.27089
520 7.7900 44.514 1450 418.89 2.3083 2800 7338.7 0.25443
540 8.9257 40.344 1500 483.16 2.0703 2850 7945.1 0.23921
560 10.182 36.676 1550 554.96 1.8625 2900 8590.7 0.22511
580 11.568 33.436 1600 634.97 1.6804 2950 9277.2 0.21205
600 13.092 30.561 1650 723.86 1.52007 3000 10007 0.19992
620 14.766 28.001 1700 822.33 1.37858
640 16.598 25.713 1750 931.14 1.25330
660 18.600 23.662 1800 1051.05 1.14204
680 20.784 21.818 1850 1182.9 1.04294
700 23.160 20.155 1900 1327.5 0.95445
The relative pressure and relative volume are temperature functions calculated with two
scaling constants A1 , A2 .
Pr = exp[sT0 /R − A1 ]; vr = A2 T /Pr
such that for an isentropic process (s1 = s2 )

C p /R Cv /R
e ST2 /R
0
P2 Pr 2 T2 v2 vr 2 T1
= = S 0 /R ≈ and = ≈
P1 Pr 1 e T1 T1 v1 vr 1 T2
where the near equalities are for the constant heat capacity approximation.

TABLE A.8
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure,
Mass Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 ) Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 )
R = 0.2968 kJ/kg-K R = 0.2598 kJ/kg-K
M = 28.013 kg/kmol M = 31.999 kg/kmol
T u h s 0T u h s 0T
(K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
200 148.39 207.75 6.4250 129.84 181.81 6.0466
250 185.50 259.70 6.6568 162.41 227.37 6.2499
300 222.63 311.67 6.8463 195.20 273.15 6.4168
350 259.80 363.68 7.0067 228.37 319.31 6.5590
400 297.09 415.81 7.1459 262.10 366.03 6.6838
450 334.57 468.13 7.2692 296.52 413.45 6.7954
500 372.35 520.75 7.3800 331.72 461.63 6.8969
550 410.52 573.76 7.4811 367.70 510.61 6.9903
600 449.16 627.24 7.5741 404.46 560.36 7.0768
650 488.34 681.26 7.6606 441.97 610.86 7.1577
700 528.09 735.86 7.7415 480.18 662.06 7.2336
750 568.45 791.05 7.8176 519.02 713.90 7.3051
800 609.41 846.85 7.8897 558.46 766.33 7.3728
850 650.98 903.26 7.9581 598.44 819.30 7.4370
900 693.13 960.25 8.0232 638.90 872.75 7.4981
950 735.85 1017.81 8.0855 679.80 926.65 7.5564
1000 779.11 1075.91 8.1451 721.11 980.95 7.6121
1100 867.14 1193.62 8.2572 804.80 1090.62 7.7166
1200 957.00 1313.16 8.3612 889.72 1201.53 7.8131
1300 1048.46 1434.31 8.4582 975.72 1313.51 7.9027
1400 1141.35 1556.87 8.5490 1062.67 1426.44 7.9864
1500 1235.50 1680.70 8.6345 1150.48 1540.23 8.0649
1600 1330.72 1805.60 8.7151 1239.10 1654.83 8.1389
1700 1426.89 1931.45 8.7914 1328.49 1770.21 8.2088
1800 1523.90 2058.15 8.8638 1418.63 1886.33 8.2752
1900 1621.66 2185.58 8.9327 1509.50 2003.19 8.3384
2000 1720.07 2313.68 8.9984 1601.10 2120.77 8.3987
2100 1819.08 2442.36 9.0612 1693.41 2239.07 8.4564
2200 1918.62 2571.58 9.1213 1786.44 2358.08 8.5117
2300 2018.63 2701.28 9.1789 1880.17 2477.79 8.5650
2400 2119.08 2831.41 9.2343 1974.60 2598.20 8.6162
2500 2219.93 2961.93 9.2876 2069.71 2719.30 8.6656
2600 2321.13 3092.81 9.3389 2165.50 2841.07 8.7134
2700 2422.66 3224.03 9.3884 2261.94 2963.49 8.7596
2800 2524.50 3355.54 9.4363 2359.01 3086.55 8.8044
2900 2626.62 3487.34 9.4825 2546.70 3210.22 8.8478
3000 2729.00 3619.41 9.5273 2554.97 3334.48 8.8899


Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances, Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar) Pressure,
Mass Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (CO2 ) Water (H2 O)
R = 0.1889 kJ/kg-K R = 0.4615 kJ/kg-K
M = 44.010 kg/kmol M = 18.015 kg/kmol
T u h s 0T u h s 0T
(K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
200 97.49 135.28 4.5439 276.38 368.69 9.7412
250 126.21 173.44 4.7139 345.98 461.36 10.1547
300 157.70 214.38 4.8631 415.87 554.32 10.4936
350 191.78 257.90 4.9972 486.37 647.90 10.7821
400 228.19 303.76 5.1196 557.79 742.40 11.0345
450 266.69 351.70 5.2325 630.40 838.09 11.2600
500 307.06 401.52 5.3375 704.36 935.12 11.4644
550 349.12 453.03 5.4356 779.79 1033.63 11.6522
600 392.72 506.07 5.5279 856.75 1133.67 11.8263
650 437.71 560.51 5.6151 935.31 1235.30 11.9890
700 483.97 616.22 5.6976 1015.49 1338.56 12.1421
750 531.40 673.09 5.7761 1097.35 1443.49 12.2868
800 579.89 731.02 5.8508 1180.90 1550.13 12.4244
850 629.35 789.93 5.9223 1266.19 1658.49 12.5558
900 676.69 849.72 5.9906 1353.23 1768.60 12.6817
950 730.85 910.33 6.0561 1442.03 1880.48 12.8026
1000 782.75 971.67 6.1190 1532.61 1994.13 12.9192
1100 888.55 1096.36 6.2379 1719.05 2226.73 13.1408
1200 996.64 1223.34 6.3483 1912.42 2466.25 13.3492
1300 1106.68 1352.28 6.4515 2112.47 2712.46 13.5462
1400 1218.38 1482.87 6.5483 2318.89 2965.03 13.7334
1500 1331.50 1614.88 6.6394 2531.28 3223.57 13.9117
1600 1445.85 1748.12 6.7254 2749.24 3487.69 14.0822
1700 1561.26 1882.43 6.8068 2972.35 3756.95 14.2454
1800 1677.61 2017.67 6.8841 3200.17 4030.92 14.4020
1900 1794.78 2153.73 6.9577 3432.28 4309.18 14.5524
2000 1912.67 2290.51 7.0278 3668.24 4591.30 14.6971
2100 2031.21 2427.95 7.0949 3908.08 4877.29 14.8366
2200 2150.34 2565.97 7.1591 4151.28 5166.64 14.9712
2300 2270.00 2704.52 7.2206 4397.56 5459.08 15.1012
2400 2390.14 2843.55 7.2798 4646.71 5754.37 15.2269
2500 2510.74 2983.04 7.3368 4898.49 6052.31 15.3485
2600 2631.73 3122.93 7.3917 5152.73 6352.70 15.4663
2700 2753.10 3263.19 7.4446 5409.24 6655.36 15.5805
2800 2874.81 3403.79 7.4957 5667.86 6960.13 15.6914
2900 2996.84 3544.71 7.5452 5928.44 7266.87 15.7990
3000 3119.18 3685.95 7.5931 6190.86 7575.44 15.9036

TABLE A.9
Ideal-Gas Properties of Various Substances (SI Units), Entropies at 0.1-MPa (1-Bar)
Pressure, Mole Basis
Nitrogen, Diatomic (N2 ) Nitrogen, Monatomic (N)
0 0
h̄ f ,298 = 0 kJ/kmol h̄ f ,298 = 472 680 kJ/kmol
M = 28.013 kg/kmol M = 14.007 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄−h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄−h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
K kJ/kmol kJ/kmol K kJ/kmol kJ/kmol
0 −8670 0 −6197 0
100 −5768 159.812 −4119 130.593
200 −2857 179.985 −2040 145.001
298 0 191.609 0 153.300
300 54 191.789 38 153.429
400 2971 200.181 2117 159.409
500 5911 206.740 4196 164.047
600 8894 212.177 6274 167.837
700 11937 216.865 8353 171.041
800 15046 221.016 10431 173.816
900 18223 224.757 12510 176.265
1000 21463 228.171 14589 178.455
1100 24760 231.314 16667 180.436
1200 28109 234.227 18746 182.244
1300 31503 236.943 20825 183.908
1400 34936 239.487 22903 185.448
1500 38405 241.881 24982 186.883
1600 41904 244.139 27060 188.224
1700 45430 246.276 29139 189.484
1800 48979 248.304 31218 190.672
1900 52549 250.234 33296 191.796
2000 56137 252.075 35375 192.863
2200 63362 255.518 39534 194.845
2400 70640 258.684 43695 196.655
2600 77963 261.615 47860 198.322
2800 85323 264.342 52033 199.868
3000 92715 266.892 56218 201.311
3200 100134 269.286 60420 202.667
3400 107577 271.542 64646 203.948
3600 115042 273.675 68902 205.164
3800 122526 275.698 73194 206.325
4000 130027 277.622 77532 207.437
4400 145078 281.209 86367 209.542
4800 160188 284.495 95457 211.519
5200 175352 287.530 104843 213.397
5600 190572 290.349 114550 215.195
6000 205848 292.984 124590 216.926


Oxygen, Diatomic (O2 ) Oxygen, Monatomic (O)
0 0
M = 31.999 kg/kmol M = 16.00 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
K kJ/kmol kJ/kmol K kJ/kmol kJ/kmol K
0 −8683 0 −6725 0
100 −5777 173.308 −4518 135.947
200 −2868 193.483 −2186 152.153
298 0 205.148 0 161.059
300 54 205.329 41 161.194
400 3027 213.873 2207 167.431
500 6086 220.693 4343 172.198
600 9245 226.450 6462 176.060
700 12499 231.465 8570 179.310
800 15836 235.920 10671 182.116
900 19241 239.931 12767 184.585
1000 22703 243.579 14860 186.790
1100 26212 246.923 16950 188.783
1200 29761 250.011 19039 190.600
1300 33345 252.878 21126 192.270
1400 36958 255.556 23212 193.816
1500 40600 258.068 25296 195.254
1600 44267 260.434 27381 196.599
1700 47959 262.673 29464 197.862
1800 51674 264.797 31547 199.053
1900 55414 266.819 33630 200.179
2000 59176 268.748 35713 201.247
2200 66770 272.366 39878 203.232
2400 74453 275.708 44045 205.045
2600 82225 278.818 48216 206.714
2800 90080 281.729 52391 208.262
3000 98013 284.466 56574 209.705
3200 106022 287.050 60767 211.058
3400 114101 289.499 64971 212.332
3600 122245 291.826 69190 213.538
3800 130447 294.043 73424 214.682
4000 138705 296.161 77675 215.773
4400 155374 300.133 86234 217.812
4800 172240 303.801 94873 219.691
5200 189312 307.217 103592 221.435
5600 206618 310.423 112391 223.066
6000 224210 313.457 121264 224.597


Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) Carbon Monoxide (CO)
0 0
h̄ f ,298 = −393 522 kJ/kmol h̄ f ,298 = −110 527 kJ/kmol
M = 44.01 kg/kmol M = 28.01 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
0 −9364 0 −8671 0
100 −6457 179.010 −5772 165.852
200 −3413 199.976 −2860 186.024
298 0 213.794 0 197.651
300 69 214.024 54 197.831
400 4003 225.314 2977 206.240
500 8305 234.902 5932 212.833
600 12906 243.284 8942 218.321
700 17754 250.752 12021 223.067
800 22806 257.496 15174 227.277
900 28030 263.646 18397 231.074
1000 33397 269.299 21686 234.538
1100 38885 274.528 25031 237.726
1200 44473 279.390 28427 240.679
1300 50148 283.931 31867 243.431
1400 55895 288.190 35343 246.006
1500 61705 292.199 38852 248.426
1600 67569 295.984 42388 250.707
1700 73480 299.567 45948 252.866
1800 79432 302.969 49529 254.913
1900 85420 306.207 53128 256.860
2000 91439 309.294 56743 258.716
2200 103562 315.070 64012 262.182
2400 115779 320.384 71326 265.361
2600 128074 325.307 78679 268.302
2800 140435 329.887 86070 271.044
3000 152853 334.170 93504 273.607
3200 165321 338.194 100962 276.012
3400 177836 341.988 108440 278.279
3600 190394 345.576 115938 280.422
3800 202990 348.981 123454 282.454
4000 215624 352.221 130989 284.387
4400 240992 358.266 146108 287.989
4800 266488 363.812 161285 291.290
5200 292112 368.939 176510 294.337
5600 317870 373.711 191782 297.167
6000 343782 378.180 207105 299.809


Water (H2 O) Hydroxyl (OH)
0 0
h̄ f ,298 = −241 826 kJ/kmol h̄ f ,298 = 38 987 kJ/kmol
M = 18.015 kg/kmol M = 17.007 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
0 −9904 0 −9172 0
100 −6617 152.386 −6140 149.591
200 −3282 175.488 −2975 171.592
298 0 188.835 0 183.709
300 62 189.043 55 183.894
400 3450 198.787 3034 192.466
500 6922 206.532 5991 199.066
600 10499 213.051 8943 204.448
700 14190 218.739 11902 209.008
800 18002 223.826 14881 212.984
900 21937 228.460 17889 216.526
1000 26000 232.739 20935 219.735
1100 30190 236.732 24024 222.680
1200 34506 240.485 27159 225.408
1300 38941 244.035 30340 227.955
1400 43491 247.406 33567 230.347
1500 48149 250.620 36838 232.604
1600 52907 253.690 40151 234.741
1700 57757 256.631 43502 236.772
1800 62693 259.452 46890 238.707
1900 67706 262.162 50311 240.556
2000 72788 264.769 53763 242.328
2200 83153 269.706 60751 245.659
2400 93741 274.312 67840 248.743
2600 104520 278.625 75018 251.614
2800 115463 282.680 82268 254.301
3000 126548 286.504 89585 256.825
3200 137756 290.120 96960 259.205
3400 149073 293.550 104388 261.456
3600 160484 296.812 111864 263.592
3800 171981 299.919 119382 265.625
4000 183552 302.887 126940 267.563
4400 206892 308.448 142165 271.191
4800 230456 313.573 157522 274.531
5200 254216 318.328 173002 277.629
5600 278161 322.764 188598 280.518
6000 302295 326.926 204309 283.227


Hydrogen (H2 ) Hydrogen, Monatomic (H)
0 0
M = 2.016 kg/kmol M = 1.008 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
0 −8467 0 −6197 0
100 −5467 100.727 −4119 92.009
200 −2774 119.410 −2040 106.417
298 0 130.678 0 114.716
300 53 130.856 38 114.845
400 2961 139.219 2117 120.825
500 5883 145.738 4196 125.463
600 8799 151.078 6274 129.253
700 11730 155.609 8353 132.457
800 14681 159.554 10431 135.233
900 17657 163.060 12510 137.681
1000 20663 166.225 14589 139.871
1100 23704 169.121 16667 141.852
1200 26785 171.798 18746 143.661
1300 29907 174.294 20825 145.324
1400 33073 176.637 22903 146.865
1500 36281 178.849 24982 148.299
1600 39533 180.946 27060 149.640
1700 42826 182.941 29139 150.900
1800 46160 184.846 31218 152.089
1900 49532 186.670 33296 153.212
2000 52942 188.419 35375 154.279
2200 59865 191.719 39532 156.260
2400 66915 194.789 43689 158.069
2600 74082 197.659 47847 159.732
2800 81355 200.355 52004 161.273
3000 88725 202.898 56161 162.707
3200 96187 205.306 60318 164.048
3400 103736 207.593 64475 165.308
3600 111367 209.773 68633 166.497
3800 119077 211.856 72790 167.620
4000 126864 213.851 76947 168.687
4400 142658 217.612 85261 170.668
4800 158730 221.109 93576 172.476
5200 175057 224.379 101890 174.140
5600 191607 227.447 110205 175.681
6000 208332 230.322 118519 177.114


Nitric Oxide (NO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 )
0 0
h̄ f ,298 = 90 291 kJ/kmol h̄ f ,298 = 33 100 kJ/kmol
M = 30.006 kg/kmol M = 46.005 kg/kmol
0 0
T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T (h̄ − h̄298 ) s̄ 0T
0 −9192 0 −10186 0
100 −6073 177.031 −6861 202.563
200 −2951 198.747 −3495 225.852
298 0 210.759 0 240.034
300 55 210.943 68 240.263
400 3040 219.529 3927 251.342
500 6059 226.263 8099 260.638
600 9144 231.886 12555 268.755
700 12308 236.762 17250 275.988
800 15548 241.088 22138 282.513
900 18858 244.985 27180 288.450
1000 22229 248.536 32344 293.889
1100 25653 251.799 37606 298.904
1200 29120 254.816 42946 303.551
1300 32626 257.621 48351 307.876
1400 36164 260.243 53808 311.920
1500 39729 262.703 59309 315.715
1600 43319 265.019 64846 319.289
1700 46929 267.208 70414 322.664
1800 50557 269.282 76008 325.861
1900 54201 271.252 81624 328.898
2000 57859 273.128 87259 331.788
2200 65212 276.632 98578 337.182
2400 72606 279.849 109948 342.128
2600 80034 282.822 121358 346.695
2800 87491 285.585 132800 350.934
3000 94973 288.165 144267 354.890
3200 102477 290.587 155756 358.597
3400 110000 292.867 167262 362.085
3600 117541 295.022 178783 365.378
3800 125099 297.065 190316 368.495
4000 132671 299.007 201860 371.456
4400 147857 302.626 224973 376.963
4800 163094 305.940 248114 381.997
5200 178377 308.998 271276 386.632
5600 193703 311.838 294455 390.926
6000 209070 314.488 317648 394.926

TABLE A.10
Enthalpy of Formation and Absolute Entropy of Various Substances at 25◦ C, 100 kPa
Pressure
0
M h̄ f s̄ 0f
Substance Formula kg/kmol State kJ/kmol kJ/kmol K
Acetylene C 2 H2 26.038 gas +226 731 200.958
Ammonia NH3 17.031 gas −45 720 192.572
Benzene C 6 H6 78.114 gas +82 980 269.562
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.010 gas −393 522 213.795
Carbon (graphite) C 12.011 solid 0 5.740
Carbon monoxide CO 28.011 gas −110 527 197.653
Ethane C 2 H6 30.070 gas −84 740 229.597
Ethene C 2 H4 28.054 gas +52 467 219.330
Ethanol C2 H5 OH 46.069 gas −235 000 282.444
Ethanol C2 H5 OH 46.069 liq −277 380 160.554
Heptane C7 H16 100.205 gas −187 900 427.805
Hexane C6 H14 86.178 gas −167 300 387.979
Hydrogen peroxide H2 O2 34.015 gas −136 106 232.991
Methane CH4 16.043 gas −74 873 186.251
Methanol CH3 OH 32.042 gas −201 300 239.709
Methanol CH3 OH 32.042 liq −239 220 126.809
n-Butane C4 H10 58.124 gas −126 200 306.647
Nitrogen oxide N2 O 44.013 gas +82 050 219.957
Nitromethane CH3 NO2 61.04 liq −113 100 171.80
n-Octane C8 H18 114.232 gas −208 600 466.514
n-Octane C8 H18 114.232 liq −250 105 360.575
Ozone O3 47.998 gas +142 674 238.932
Pentane C5 H12 72.151 gas −146 500 348.945
Propane C 3 H8 44.094 gas −103 900 269.917
Propene C 3 H6 42.081 gas +20 430 267.066
Sulfur S 32.06 solid 0 32.056
Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.059 gas −296 842 248.212
Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.058 gas −395 765 256.769
T-T-Diesel C14.4 H24.9 198.06 liq −174 000 525.90
Water H2 O 18.015 gas −241 826 188.834
Water H2 O 18.015 liq −285 830 69.950

P1: PBY/PBR
GTBL057-appa
TABLE A.11 P2: PBY/PBR
Logarithms to the Base e of the Equilibrium Constant K
For the reaction v A A + v B B

v C C + v D D, the equilibrium constant K is defined as
GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7
v
y C y v D P vC +v D −v A −v B 0
K = Cv A Dv B , P = 0.1 MPa
y A yB P0
QC: PBY/PBR
Temp K H2
2H O2
2O N2
2N 2H2 O
2H2 + O2 2H2 O
H2 + 2OH 2CO2
2CO + O2 N2 + O2
2NO N2 + 2O2
2NO2
298 –164.003 –186.963 –367.528 –184.420 –212.075 –207.529 –69.868 –41.355
500 –92.830 –105.623 –213.405 –105.385 –120.331 –115.234 –40.449 –30.725
T1: PBY
1000 –39.810 –45.146 –99.146 –46.321 –51.951 –47.052 –18.709 –23.039

1200 –30.878 –35.003 –80.025 –36.363 –40.467 –35.736 –15.082 –21.752
1400 –24.467 –27.741 –66.345 –29.222 –32.244 –27.679 –12.491 –20.826
1600 –19.638 –22.282 –56.069 –23.849 –26.067 –21.656 –10.547 –20.126
1800 –15.868 –18.028 –48.066 –19.658 –21.258 –16.987 –9.035 –19.577
2000 –12.841 –14.619 –41.655 –16.299 –17.406 –13.266 –7.825 –19.136
2200 –10.356 –11.826 –36.404 –13.546 –14.253 –10.232 –6.836 –18.773
2400 –8.280 –9.495 –32.023 –11.249 –11.625 –7.715 –6.012 –18.470
2600 –6.519 –7.520 –28.313 –9.303 –9.402 –5.594 –5.316 –18.214
2800 –5.005 –5.826 –25.129 –7.633 –7.496 –3.781 –4.720 –17.994
3000 –3.690 –4.356 –22.367 –6.184 –5.845 –2.217 –4.205 –17.805
3200 –2.538 –3.069 –19.947 –4.916 –4.401 –0.853 –3.755 –17.640
3400 –1.519 –1.932 –17.810 –3.795 –3.128 0.346 –3.359 –17.496
3600 –0.611 –0.922 –15.909 –2.799 –1.996 1.408 –3.008 –17.369
3800 0.201 –0.017 –14.205 –1.906 –0.984 2.355 –2.694 –17.257
4000 0.934 0.798 –12.671 –1.101 –0.074 3.204 –2.413 –17.157
4500 2.483 2.520 –9.423 0.602 1.847 4.985 –1.824 –16.953
5000 3.724 3.898 –6.816 1.972 3.383 6.397 –1.358 –16.797

5500 4.739 5.027 –4.672 3.098 4.639 7.542 –0.980 –16.678
6000 5.587 5.969 –2.876 4.040 5.684 8.488 –0.671 –16.588
Source: Consistent with thermodynamic data in JANAF Thermochemical Tables, third edition, Thermal Group, Dow Chemical U.S.A., Midland, MI, 1985.
June 2, 2008
773
20:45
774
GTBL057-appb GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7 June 2, 2008 20:47
APPENDIX
SI Units:
Thermodynamic
Tables
B
775

776 APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES
TABLE B.1
Thermodynamic Properties of Water
TABLE B.1.1
Saturated Water
Specific Volume, m3 /kg Internal Energy, kJ/kg
Temp. Press. Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor
(◦ C) (kPa) vf vfg vg uf ufg ug
0.01 0.6113 0.001000 206.131 206.132 0 2375.33 2375.33
5 0.8721 0.001000 147.117 147.118 20.97 2361.27 2382.24
10 1.2276 0.001000 106.376 106.377 41.99 2347.16 2389.15
15 1.705 0.001001 77.924 77.925 62.98 2333.06 2396.04
20 2.339 0.001002 57.7887 57.7897 83.94 2318.98 2402.91
25 3.169 0.001003 43.3583 43.3593 104.86 2304.90 2409.76
30 4.246 0.001004 32.8922 32.8932 125.77 2290.81 2416.58
35 5.628 0.001006 25.2148 25.2158 146.65 2276.71 2423.36
40 7.384 0.001008 19.5219 19.5229 167.53 2262.57 2430.11
45 9.593 0.001010 15.2571 15.2581 188.41 2248.40 2436.81
50 12.350 0.001012 12.0308 12.0318 209.30 2234.17 2443.47
55 15.758 0.001015 9.56734 9.56835 230.19 2219.89 2450.08
60 19.941 0.001017 7.66969 7.67071 251.09 2205.54 2456.63
65 25.03 0.001020 6.19554 6.19656 272.00 2191.12 2463.12
70 31.19 0.001023 5.04114 5.04217 292.93 2176.62 2469.55
75 38.58 0.001026 4.13021 4.13123 313.87 2162.03 2475.91
80 47.39 0.001029 3.40612 3.40715 334.84 2147.36 2482.19
85 57.83 0.001032 2.82654 2.82757 355.82 2132.58 2488.40
90 70.14 0.001036 2.35953 2.36056 376.82 2117.70 2494.52
95 84.55 0.001040 1.98082 1.98186 397.86 2102.70 2500.56
100 101.3 0.001044 1.67185 1.67290 418.91 2087.58 2506.50
105 120.8 0.001047 1.41831 1.41936 440.00 2072.34 2512.34
110 143.3 0.001052 1.20909 1.21014 461.12 2056.96 2518.09
115 169.1 0.001056 1.03552 1.03658 482.28 2041.44 2523.72
120 198.5 0.001060 0.89080 0.89186 503.48 2025.76 2529.24
125 232.1 0.001065 0.76953 0.77059 524.72 2009.91 2534.63
130 270.1 0.001070 0.66744 0.66850 546.00 1993.90 2539.90
135 313.0 0.001075 0.58110 0.58217 567.34 1977.69 2545.03
140 361.3 0.001080 0.50777 0.50885 588.72 1961.30 2550.02
145 415.4 0.001085 0.44524 0.44632 610.16 1944.69 2554.86
150 475.9 0.001090 0.39169 0.39278 631.66 1927.87 2559.54
155 543.1 0.001096 0.34566 0.34676 653.23 1910.82 2564.04
160 617.8 0.001102 0.30596 0.30706 674.85 1893.52 2568.37
165 700.5 0.001108 0.27158 0.27269 696.55 1875.97 2572.51
170 791.7 0.001114 0.24171 0.24283 718.31 1858.14 2576.46
175 892.0 0.001121 0.21568 0.21680 740.16 1840.03 2580.19
180 1002.2 0.001127 0.19292 0.19405 762.08 1821.62 2583.70
185 1122.7 0.001134 0.17295 0.17409 784.08 1802.90 2586.98
190 1254.4 0.001141 0.15539 0.15654 806.17 1783.84 2590.01

APPENDIX B SI UNITS: THERMODYNAMIC TABLES 777
TABLE B.1.1 (continued )

Saturated Water
Enthalpy, kJ/kg Entropy, kJ/kg-K
(◦ C) (kPa) hf hfg hg sf sfg sg
0.01 0.6113 0.00 2501.35 2501.35 0 9.1562 9.1562
5 0.8721 20.98 2489.57 2510.54 0.0761 8.9496 9.0257
10 1.2276 41.99 2477.75 2519.74 0.1510 8.7498 8.9007
15 1.705 62.98 2465.93 2528.91 0.2245 8.5569 8.7813
20 2.339 83.94 2454.12 2538.06 0.2966 8.3706 8.6671
25 3.169 104.87 2442.30 2547.17 0.3673 8.1905 8.5579
30 4.246 125.77 2430.48 2556.25 0.4369 8.0164 8.4533
35 5.628 146.66 2418.62 2565.28 0.5052 7.8478 8.3530
40 7.384 167.54 2406.72 2574.26 0.5724 7.6845 8.2569
45 9.593 188.42 2394.77 2583.19 0.6386 7.5261 8.1647
50 12.350 209.31 2382.75 2592.06 0.7037 7.3725 8.0762
55 15.758 230.20 2370.66 2600.86 0.7679 7.2234 7.9912
60 19.941 251.11 2358.48 2609.59 0.8311 7.0784 7.9095
65 25.03 272.03 2346.21 2618.24 0.8934 6.9375 7.8309
70 31.19 292.96 2333.85 2626.80 0.9548 6.8004 7.7552
75 38.58 313.91 2321.37 2635.28 1.0154 6.6670 7.6824
80 47.39 334.88 2308.77 2643.66 1.0752 6.5369 7.6121
85 57.83 355.88 2296.05 2651.93 1.1342 6.4102 7.5444
90 70.14 376.90 2283.19 2660.09 1.1924 6.2866 7.4790
95 84.55 397.94 2270.19 2668.13 1.2500 6.1659 7.4158
100 101.3 419.02 2257.03 2676.05 1.3068 6.0480 7.3548
105 120.8 440.13 2243.70 2683.83 1.3629 5.9328 7.2958
110 143.3 461.27 2230.20 2691.47 1.4184 5.8202 7.2386
115 169.1 482.46 2216.50 2698.96 1.4733 5.7100 7.1832
120 198.5 503.69 2202.61 2706.30 1.5275 5.6020 7.1295
125 232.1 524.96 2188.50 2713.46 1.5812 5.4962 7.0774
130 270.1 546.29 2174.16 2720.46 1.6343 5.3925 7.0269
135 313.0 567.67 2159.59 2727.26 1.6869 5.2907 6.9777
140 361.3 589.11 2144.75 2733.87 1.7390 5.1908 6.9298
145 415.4 610.61 2129.65 2740.26 1.7906 5.0926 6.8832
150 475.9 632.18 2114.26 2746.44 1.8417 4.9960 6.8378
155 543.1 653.82 2098.56 2752.39 1.8924 4.9010 6.7934
160 617.8 675.53 2082.55 2758.09 1.9426 4.8075 6.7501
165 700.5 697.32 2066.20 2763.53 1.9924 4.7153 6.7078
170 791.7 719.20 2049.50 2768.70 2.0418 4.6244 6.6663
175 892.0 741.16 2032.42 2773.58 2.0909 4.5347 6.6256
180 1002.2 763.21 2014.96 2778.16 2.1395 4.4461 6.5857
185 1122.7 785.36 1997.07 2782.43 2.1878 4.3586 6.5464
190 1254.4 807.61 1978.76 2786.37 2.2358 4.2720 6.5078


Saturated Water
195 1397.8 0.001149 0.13990 0.14105 828.36 1764.43 2592.79
200 1553.8 0.001156 0.12620 0.12736 850.64 1744.66 2595.29
205 1723.0 0.001164 0.11405 0.11521 873.02 1724.49 2597.52
210 1906.3 0.001173 0.10324 0.10441 895.51 1703.93 2599.44
215 2104.2 0.001181 0.09361 0.09479 918.12 1682.94 2601.06
220 2317.8 0.001190 0.08500 0.08619 940.85 1661.49 2602.35
225 2547.7 0.001199 0.07729 0.07849 963.72 1639.58 2603.30
230 2794.9 0.001209 0.07037 0.07158 986.72 1617.17 2603.89
235 3060.1 0.001219 0.06415 0.06536 1009.88 1594.24 2604.11
240 3344.2 0.001229 0.05853 0.05976 1033.19 1570.75 2603.95
245 3648.2 0.001240 0.05346 0.05470 1056.69 1546.68 2603.37
250 3973.0 0.001251 0.04887 0.05013 1080.37 1522.00 2602.37
255 4319.5 0.001263 0.04471 0.04598 1104.26 1496.66 2600.93
260 4688.6 0.001276 0.04093 0.04220 1128.37 1470.64 2599.01
265 5081.3 0.001289 0.03748 0.03877 1152.72 1443.87 2596.60
270 5498.7 0.001302 0.03434 0.03564 1177.33 1416.33 2593.66
275 5941.8 0.001317 0.03147 0.03279 1202.23 1387.94 2590.17
280 6411.7 0.001332 0.02884 0.03017 1227.43 1358.66 2586.09
285 6909.4 0.001348 0.02642 0.02777 1252.98 1328.41 2581.38
290 7436.0 0.001366 0.02420 0.02557 1278.89 1297.11 2575.99
295 7992.8 0.001384 0.02216 0.02354 1305.21 1264.67 2569.87
300 8581.0 0.001404 0.02027 0.02167 1331.97 1230.99 2562.96
305 9201.8 0.001425 0.01852 0.01995 1359.22 1195.94 2555.16
310 9856.6 0.001447 0.01690 0.01835 1387.03 1159.37 2546.40
315 10547 0.001472 0.01539 0.01687 1415.44 1121.11 2536.55
320 11274 0.001499 0.01399 0.01549 1444.55 1080.93 2525.48
325 12040 0.001528 0.01267 0.01420 1474.44 1038.57 2513.01
330 12845 0.001561 0.01144 0.01300 1505.24 993.66 2498.91
335 13694 0.001597 0.01027 0.01186 1537.11 945.77 2482.88
340 14586 0.001638 0.00916 0.01080 1570.26 894.26 2464.53
345 15525 0.001685 0.00810 0.00978 1605.01 838.29 2443.30
350 16514 0.001740 0.00707 0.00881 1641.81 776.58 2418.39
355 17554 0.001807 0.00607 0.00787 1681.41 707.11 2388.52
360 18651 0.001892 0.00505 0.00694 1725.19 626.29 2351.47
365 19807 0.002011 0.00398 0.00599 1776.13 526.54 2302.67
370 21028 0.002213 0.00271 0.00493 1843.84 384.69 2228.53
374.1 22089 0.003155 0 0.00315 2029.58 0 2029.58


Saturated Water
195 1397.8 829.96 1959.99 2789.96 2.2835 4.1863 6.4697
200 1553.8 852.43 1940.75 2793.18 2.3308 4.1014 6.4322
205 1723.0 875.03 1921.00 2796.03 2.3779 4.0172 6.3951
210 1906.3 897.75 1900.73 2798.48 2.4247 3.9337 6.3584
215 2104.2 920.61 1879.91 2800.51 2.4713 3.8507 6.3221
220 2317.8 943.61 1858.51 2802.12 2.5177 3.7683 6.2860
225 2547.7 966.77 1836.50 2803.27 2.5639 3.6863 6.2502
230 2794.9 990.10 1813.85 2803.95 2.6099 3.6047 6.2146
235 3060.1 1013.61 1790.53 2804.13 2.6557 3.5233 6.1791
240 3344.2 1037.31 1766.50 2803.81 2.7015 3.4422 6.1436
245 3648.2 1061.21 1741.73 2802.95 2.7471 3.3612 6.1083
250 3973.0 1085.34 1716.18 2801.52 2.7927 3.2802 6.0729
255 4319.5 1109.72 1689.80 2799.51 2.8382 3.1992 6.0374
260 4688.6 1134.35 1662.54 2796.89 2.8837 3.1181 6.0018
265 5081.3 1159.27 1634.34 2793.61 2.9293 3.0368 5.9661
270 5498.7 1184.49 1605.16 2789.65 2.9750 2.9551 5.9301
275 5941.8 1210.05 1574.92 2784.97 3.0208 2.8730 5.8937
280 6411.7 1235.97 1543.55 2779.53 3.0667 2.7903 5.8570
285 6909.4 1262.29 1510.97 2773.27 3.1129 2.7069 5.8198
290 7436.0 1289.04 1477.08 2766.13 3.1593 2.6227 5.7821
295 7992.8 1316.27 1441.78 2758.05 3.2061 2.5375 5.7436
300 8581.0 1344.01 1404.93 2748.94 3.2533 2.4511 5.7044
305 9201.8 1372.33 1366.38 2738.72 3.3009 2.3633 5.6642
310 9856.6 1401.29 1325.97 2727.27 3.3492 2.2737 5.6229
315 10547 1430.97 1283.48 2714.44 3.3981 2.1821 5.5803
320 11274 1461.45 1238.64 2700.08 3.4479 2.0882 5.5361
325 12040 1492.84 1191.13 2683.97 3.4987 1.9913 5.4900
330 12845 1525.29 1140.56 2665.85 3.5506 1.8909 5.4416
335 13694 1558.98 1086.37 2645.35 3.6040 1.7863 5.3903
340 14586 1594.15 1027.86 2622.01 3.6593 1.6763 5.3356
345 15525 1631.17 964.02 2595.19 3.7169 1.5594 5.2763
350 16514 1670.54 893.38 2563.92 3.7776 1.4336 5.2111
355 17554 1713.13 813.59 2526.72 3.8427 1.2951 5.1378
360 18651 1760.48 720.52 2481.00 3.9146 1.1379 5.0525
365 19807 1815.96 605.44 2421.40 3.9983 0.9487 4.9470
370 21028 1890.37 441.75 2332.12 4.1104 0.6868 4.7972
374.1 22089 2099.26 0 2099.26 4.4297 0 4.4297

TABLE B.1.2
Saturated Water Pressure Entry
Press. Temp. Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor
(kPa) (◦ C) vf ufg vg uf ufg ug
0.6113 0.01 0.001000 206.131 206.132 0 2375.3 2375.3
1 6.98 0.001000 129.20702 129.20802 29.29 2355.69 2384.98
1.5 13.03 0.001001 87.97913 87.98013 54.70 2338.63 2393.32
2 17.50 0.001001 67.00285 67.00385 73.47 2326.02 2399.48
2.5 21.08 0.001002 54.25285 54.25385 88.47 2315.93 2404.40
3 24.08 0.001003 45.66402 45.66502 101.03 2307.48 2408.51
4 28.96 0.001004 34.79915 34.80015 121.44 2293.73 2415.17
5 32.88 0.001005 28.19150 28.19251 137.79 2282.70 2420.49
7.5 40.29 0.001008 19.23674 19.23775 168.76 2261.74 2430.50
10 45.81 0.001010 14.67254 14.67355 191.79 2246.10 2437.89
15 53.97 0.001014 10.02117 10.02218 225.90 2222.83 2448.73
20 60.06 0.001017 7.64835 7.64937 251.35 2205.36 2456.71
25 64.97 0.001020 6.20322 6.20424 271.88 2191.21 2463.08
30 69.10 0.001022 5.22816 5.22918 289.18 2179.22 2468.40
40 75.87 0.001026 3.99243 3.99345 317.51 2159.49 2477.00
50 81.33 0.001030 3.23931 3.24034 340.42 2143.43 2483.85
75 91.77 0.001037 2.21607 2.21711 394.29 2112.39 2496.67
100 99.62 0.001043 1.69296 1.69400 417.33 2088.72 2506.06
125 105.99 0.001048 1.37385 1.37490 444.16 2069.32 2513.48
150 111.37 0.001053 1.15828 1.15933 466.92 2052.72 2519.64
175 116.06 0.001057 1.00257 1.00363 486.78 2038.12 2524.90
200 120.23 0.001061 0.88467 0.88573 504.47 2025.02 2529.49
225 124.00 0.001064 0.79219 0.79325 520.45 2013.10 2533.56
250 127.43 0.001067 0.71765 0.71871 535.08 2002.14 2537.21
275 130.60 0.001070 0.65624 0.65731 548.57 1991.95 2540.53
300 133.55 0.001073 0.60475 0.60582 561.13 1982.43 2543.55
325 136.30 0.001076 0.56093 0.56201 572.88 1973.46 2546.34
350 138.88 0.001079 0.52317 0.52425 583.93 1964.98 2548.92
375 141.32 0.001081 0.49029 0.49137 594.38 1956.93 2551.31
400 143.63 0.001084 0.46138 0.46246 604.29 1949.26 2553.55
450 147.93 0.001088 0.41289 0.41398 622.75 1934.87 2557.62
500 151.86 0.001093 0.37380 0.37489 639.66 1921.57 2561.23
550 155.48 0.001097 0.34159 0.34268 655.30 1909.17 2564.47
600 158.85 0.001101 0.31457 0.31567 669.88 1897.52 2567.40
650 162.01 0.001104 0.29158 0.29268 683.55 1886.51 2570.06
700 164.97 0.001108 0.27176 0.27286 696.43 1876.07 2572.49
750 167.77 0.001111 0.25449 0.25560 708.62 1866.11 2574.73
800 170.43 0.001115 0.23931 0.24043 720.20 1856.58 2576.79


(kPa) (◦ C) hf hfg hg sf sfg sg
0.6113 0.01 0.00 2501.3 2501.3 0 9.1562 9.1562
1.0 6.98 29.29 2484.89 2514.18 0.1059 8.8697 8.9756
1.5 13.03 54.70 2470.59 2525.30 0.1956 8.6322 8.8278
2.0 17.50 73.47 2460.02 2533.49 0.2607 8.4629 8.7236
2.5 21.08 88.47 2451.56 2540.03 0.3120 8.3311 8.6431
3.0 24.08 101.03 2444.47 2545.50 0.3545 8.2231 8.5775
4.0 28.96 121.44 2432.93 2554.37 0.4226 8.0520 8.4746
5.0 32.88 137.79 2423.66 2561.45 0.4763 7.9187 8.3950
7.5 40.29 168.77 2406.02 2574.79 0.5763 7.6751 8.2514
10 45.81 191.81 2392.82 2584.63 0.6492 7.5010 8.1501
15 53.97 225.91 2373.14 2599.06 0.7548 7.2536 8.0084
20 60.06 251.38 2358.33 2609.70 0.8319 7.0766 7.9085
25 64.97 271.90 2346.29 2618.19 0.8930 6.9383 7.8313
30 69.10 289.21 2336.07 2625.28 0.9439 6.8247 7.7686
40 75.87 317.55 2319.19 2636.74 1.0258 6.6441 7.6700
50 81.33 340.47 2305.40 2645.87 1.0910 6.5029 7.5939
75 91.77 384.36 2278.59 2662.96 1.2129 6.2434 7.4563
100 99.62 417.44 2258.02 2675.46 1.3025 6.0568 7.3593
125 105.99 444.30 2241.05 2685.35 1.3739 5.9104 7.2843
150 111.37 467.08 2226.46 2693.54 1.4335 5.7897 7.2232
175 116.06 486.97 2213.57 2700.53 1.4848 5.6868 7.1717
200 120.23 504.68 2201.96 2706.63 1.5300 5.5970 7.1271
225 124.00 520.69 2191.35 2712.04 1.5705 5.5173 7.0878
250 127.43 535.34 2181.55 2716.89 1.6072 5.4455 7.0526
275 130.60 548.87 2172.42 2721.29 1.6407 5.3801 7.0208
300 133.55 561.45 2163.85 2725.30 1.6717 5.3201 6.9918
325 136.30 573.23 2155.76 2728.99 1.7005 5.2646 6.9651
350 138.88 584.31 2148.10 2732.40 1.7274 5.2130 6.9404
375 141.32 594.79 2140.79 2735.58 1.7527 5.1647 6.9174
400 143.63 604.73 2133.81 2738.53 1.7766 5.1193 6.8958
450 147.93 623.24 2120.67 2743.91 1.8206 5.0359 6.8565
500 151.86 640.21 2108.47 2748.67 1.8606 4.9606 6.8212
550 155.48 655.91 2097.04 2752.94 1.8972 4.8920 6.7892
600 158.85 670.54 2086.26 2756.80 1.9311 4.8289 6.7600
650 162.01 684.26 2076.04 2760.30 1.9627 4.7704 6.7330
700 164.97 697.20 2066.30 2763.50 1.9922 4.7158 6.7080
750 167.77 709.45 2056.98 2766.43 2.0199 4.6647 6.6846
800 170.43 721.10 2048.04 2769.13 2.0461 4.6166 6.6627


(kPa) (◦ C) vf vfg vg uf ufg ug
850 172.96 0.001118 0.22586 0.22698 731.25 1847.45 2578.69
900 175.38 0.001121 0.21385 0.21497 741.81 1838.65 2580.46
950 177.69 0.001124 0.20306 0.20419 751.94 1830.17 2582.11
1000 179.91 0.001127 0.19332 0.19444 761.67 1821.97 2583.64
1100 184.09 0.001133 0.17639 0.17753 780.08 1806.32 2586.40
1200 187.99 0.001139 0.16220 0.16333 797.27 1791.55 2588.82
1300 191.64 0.001144 0.15011 0.15125 813.42 1777.53 2590.95
1400 195.07 0.001149 0.13969 0.14084 828.68 1764.15 2592.83
1500 198.32 0.001154 0.13062 0.13177 843.14 1751.3 2594.5
1750 205.76 0.001166 0.11232 0.11349 876.44 1721.39 2597.83
2000 212.42 0.001177 0.09845 0.09963 906.42 1693.84 2600.26
2250 218.45 0.001187 0.08756 0.08875 933.81 1668.18 2601.98
2500 223.99 0.001197 0.07878 0.07998 959.09 1644.04 2603.13
2750 229.12 0.001207 0.07154 0.07275 982.65 1621.16 2603.81
3000 233.90 0.001216 0.06546 0.06668 1004.76 1599.34 2604.10
3250 238.38 0.001226 0.06029 0.06152 1025.62 1578.43 2604.04
3500 242.60 0.001235 0.05583 0.05707 1045.41 1558.29 2603.70
4000 250.40 0.001252 0.04853 0.04978 1082.28 1519.99 2602.27
5000 263.99 0.001286 0.03815 0.03944 1147.78 1449.34 2597.12
6000 275.64 0.001319 0.03112 0.03244 1205.41 1384.27 2589.69
7000 285.88 0.001351 0.02602 0.02737 1257.51 1322.97 2580.48
8000 295.06 0.001384 0.02213 0.02352 1305.54 1264.25 2569.79
9000 303.40 0.001418 0.01907 0.02048 1350.47 1207.28 2557.75
10000 311.06 0.001452 0.01657 0.01803 1393.00 1151.40 2544.41
11000 318.15 0.001489 0.01450 0.01599 1433.68 1096.06 2529.74
12000 324.75 0.001527 0.01274 0.01426 1472.92 1040.76 2513.67
13000 330.93 0.001567 0.01121 0.01278 1511.09 984.99 2496.08
14000 336.75 0.001611 0.00987 0.01149 1548.53 928.23 2476.76
15000 342.24 0.001658 0.00868 0.01034 1585.58 869.85 2455.43
16000 347.43 0.001711 0.00760 0.00931 1622.63 809.07 2431.70
17000 352.37 0.001770 0.00659 0.00836 1660.16 744.80 2404.96
18000 357.06 0.001840 0.00565 0.00749 1698.86 675.42 2374.28
19000 361.54 0.001924 0.00473 0.00666 1739.87 598.18 2338.05
20000 365.81 0.002035 0.00380 0.00583 1785.47 507.58 2293.05
21000 369.89 0.002206 0.00275 0.00495 1841.97 388.74 2230.71
22000 373.80 0.002808 0.00072 0.00353 1973.16 108.24 2081.39
22089 374.14 0.003155 0 0.00315 2029.58 0 2029.58


(kPa) (◦ C) hf hfg hg sf sfg sg
850 172.96 732.20 2039.43 2771.63 2.0709 4.5711 6.6421
900 175.38 742.82 2031.12 2773.94 2.0946 4.5280 6.6225
950 177.69 753.00 2023.08 2776.08 2.1171 4.4869 6.6040
1000 179.91 762.79 2015.29 2778.08 2.1386 4.4478 6.5864
1100 184.09 781.32 2000.36 2781.68 2.1791 4.3744 6.5535
1200 187.99 798.64 1986.19 2784.82 2.2165 4.3067 6.5233
1300 191.64 814.91 1972.67 2787.58 2.2514 4.2438 6.4953
1400 195.07 830.29 1959.72 2790.00 2.2842 4.1850 6.4692
1500 198.32 844.87 1947.28 2792.15 2.3150 4.1298 6.4448
1750 205.76 878.48 1917.95 2796.43 2.3851 4.0044 6.3895
2000 212.42 908.77 1890.74 2799.51 2.4473 3.8935 6.3408
2250 218.45 936.48 1865.19 2801.67 2.5034 3.7938 6.2971
2500 223.99 962.09 1840.98 2803.07 2.5546 3.7028 6.2574
2750 229.12 985.97 1817.89 2803.86 2.6018 3.6190 6.2208
3000 233.90 1008.41 1795.73 2804.14 2.6456 3.5412 6.1869
3250 238.38 1029.60 1774.37 2803.97 2.6866 3.4685 6.1551
3500 242.60 1049.73 1753.70 2803.43 2.7252 3.4000 6.1252
4000 250.40 1087.29 1714.09 2801.38 2.7963 3.2737 6.0700
5000 263.99 1154.21 1640.12 2794.33 2.9201 3.0532 5.9733
6000 275.64 1213.32 1571.00 2784.33 3.0266 2.8625 5.8891
7000 285.88 1266.97 1505.10 2772.07 3.1210 2.6922 5.8132
8000 295.06 1316.61 1441.33 2757.94 3.2067 2.5365 5.7431
9000 303.40 1363.23 1378.88 2742.11 3.2857 2.3915 5.6771
10000 311.06 1407.53 1317.14 2724.67 3.3595 2.2545 5.6140
11000 318.15 1450.05 1255.55 2705.60 3.4294 2.1233 5.5527
12000 324.75 1491.24 1193.59 2684.83 3.4961 1.9962 5.4923
13000 330.93 1531.46 1130.76 2662.22 3.5604 1.8718 5.4323
14000 336.75 1571.08 1066.47 2637.55 3.6231 1.7485 5.3716
15000 342.24 1610.45 1000.04 2610.49 3.6847 1.6250 5.3097
16000 347.43 1650.00 930.59 2580.59 3.7460 1.4995 5.2454
17000 352.37 1690.25 856.90 2547.15 3.8078 1.3698 5.1776
18000 357.06 1731.97 777.13 2509.09 3.8713 1.2330 5.1044
19000 361.54 1776.43 688.11 2464.54 3.9387 1.0841 5.0227
20000 365.81 1826.18 583.56 2409.74 4.0137 0.9132 4.9269
21000 369.89 1888.30 446.42 2334.72 4.1073 0.6942 4.8015
22000 373.80 2034.92 124.04 2158.97 4.3307 0.1917 4.5224
22089 374.14 2099.26 0 2099.26 4.4297 0 4.4297

TABLE B.1.3
Superheated Vapor Water
Temp. v u h s v u h s
(◦ C) (m3 /kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (m3 /kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
P = 10 kPa (45.81◦ C) P = 50 kPa (81.33◦ C)

Sat. 14.67355 2437.89 2584.63 8.1501 3.24034 2483.85 2645.87 7.5939
50 14.86920 2443.87 2592.56 8.1749 — — — —
100 17.19561 2515.50 2687.46 8.4479 3.41833 2511.61 2682.52 7.6947
150 19.51251 2587.86 2782.99 8.6881 3.88937 2585.61 2780.08 7.9400
200 21.82507 2661.27 2879.52 8.9037 4.35595 2659.85 2877.64 8.1579
250 24.13559 2735.95 2977.31 9.1002 4.82045 2734.97 2975.99 8.3555
300 26.44508 2812.06 3076.51 9.2812 5.28391 2811.33 3075.52 8.5372
400 31.06252 2968.89 3279.51 9.6076 6.20929 2968.43 3278.89 8.8641
500 35.67896 3132.26 3489.05 9.8977 7.13364 3131.94 3488.62 9.1545
600 40.29488 3302.45 3705.40 10.1608 8.05748 3302.22 3705.10 9.4177
700 44.91052 3479.63 3928.73 10.4028 8.98104 3479.45 3928.51 9.6599
800 49.52599 3663.84 4159.10 10.6281 9.90444 3663.70 4158.92 9.8852
900 54.14137 3855.03 4396.44 10.8395 10.82773 3854.91 4396.30 10.0967
1000 58.75669 4053.01 4640.58 11.0392 11.75097 4052.91 4640.46 10.2964
1100 63.37198 4257.47 4891.19 11.2287 12.67418 4257.37 4891.08 10.4858
1200 67.98724 4467.91 5147.78 11.4090 13.59737 4467.82 5147.69 10.6662
1300 72.60250 4683.68 5409.70 14.5810 14.52054 4683.58 5409.61 10.8382
100 kPa (99.62◦ C) 200 kPa (120.23◦ C)

Sat. 1.69400 2506.06 2675.46 7.3593 0.88573 2529.49 2706.63 7.1271
150 1.93636 2582.75 2776.38 7.6133 0.95964 2576.87 2768.80 7.2795
200 2.17226 2658.05 2875.27 7.8342 1.08034 2654.39 2870.46 7.5066
250 2.40604 2733.73 2974.33 8.0332 1.19880 2731.22 2970.98 7.7085
300 2.63876 2810.41 3074.28 8.2157 1.31616 2808.55 3071.79 7.8926
400 3.10263 2967.85 3278.11 8.5434 1.54930 2966.69 3276.55 8.2217
500 3.56547 3131.54 3488.09 8.8341 1.78139 3130.75 3487.03 8.5132
600 4.02781 3301.94 3704.72 9.0975 2.01297 3301.36 3703.96 8.7769
700 4.48986 3479.24 3928.23 9.3398 2.24426 3478.81 3927.66 9.0194
800 4.95174 3663.53 4158.71 9.5652 2.47539 3663.19 4158.27 9.2450
900 5.41353 3854.77 4396.12 9.7767 2.70643 3854.49 4395.77 9.4565
1000 5.87526 4052.78 4640.31 9.9764 2.93740 4052.53 4640.01 9.6563
1100 6.33696 4257.25 4890.95 10.1658 3.16834 4257.01 4890.68 9.8458
1200 6.79863 4467.70 5147.56 10.3462 3.39927 4467.46 5147.32 10.0262
1300 7.26030 4683.47 5409.49 10.5182 3.63018 4683.23 5409.26 10.1982
300 kPa (133.55◦ C) 400 kPa (143.63◦ C)

Sat. 0.60582 2543.55 2725.30 6.9918 0.46246 2553.55 2738.53 6.8958
150 0.63388 2570.79 2760.95 7.0778 0.47084 2564.48 2752.82 6.9299
200 0.71629 2650.65 2865.54 7.3115 0.53422 2646.83 2860.51 7.1706


300 kPa (133.55◦ C) 400 kPa (143.63◦ C)

250 0.79636 2728.69 2967.59 7.5165 0.59512 2726.11 2964.16 7.3788
300 0.87529 2806.69 3069.28 7.7022 0.65484 2804.81 3066.75 7.5661
400 1.03151 2965.53 3274.98 8.0329 0.77262 2964.36 3273.41 7.8984
500 1.18669 3129.95 3485.96 8.3250 0.88934 3129.15 3484.89 8.1912
600 1.34136 3300.79 3703.20 8.5892 1.00555 3300.22 3702.44 8.4557
700 1.49573 3478.38 3927.10 8.8319 1.12147 3477.95 3926.53 8.6987
800 1.64994 3662.85 4157.83 9.0575 1.23722 3662.51 4157.40 8.9244
900 1.80406 3854.20 4395.42 9.2691 1.35288 3853.91 4395.06 9.1361
1000 1.95812 4052.27 4639.71 9.4689 1.46847 4052.02 4639.41 9.3360
1100 2.11214 4256.77 4890.41 9.6585 1.58404 4256.53 4890.15 9.5255
1200 2.26614 4467.23 5147.07 9.8389 1.69958 4466.99 5146.83 9.7059
1300 2.42013 4682.99 5409.03 10.0109 1.81511 4682.75 5408.80 9.8780
500 kPa (15 1.86◦ C) 600 kPa (158.85◦ C)

Sat. 0.37489 2561.23 2748.67 6.8212 0.31567 2567.40 2756.80 6.7600
200 0.42492 2642.91 2855.37 7.0592 0.35202 2638.91 2850.12 6.9665
250 0.47436 2723.50 2960.68 7.2708 0.39383 2720.86 2957.16 7.1816
300 0.52256 2802.91 3064.20 7.4598 0.43437 2801.00 3061.63 7.3723
350 0.57012 2882.59 3167.65 7.6328 0.47424 2881.12 3165.66 7.5463
400 0.61728 2963.19 3271.83 7.7937 0.51372 2962.02 3270.25 7.7078
500 0.71093 3128.35 3483.82 8.0872 0.59199 3127.55 3482.75 8.0020
600 0.80406 3299.64 3701.67 8.3521 0.66974 3299.07 3700.91 8.2673
700 0.89691 3477.52 3925.97 8.5952 0.74720 3477.08 3925.41 8.5107
800 0.98959 3662.17 4156.96 8.8211 0.82450 3661.83 4156.52 8.7367
900 1.08217 3853.63 4394.71 9.0329 0.90169 3853.34 4394.36 8.9485
1000 1.17469 4051.76 4639.11 9.2328 0.97883 4051.51 4638.81 9.1484
1100 1.26718 4256.29 4889.88 9.4224 1.05594 4256.05 4889.61 9.3381
1200 1.35964 4466.76 5146.58 9.6028 1.13302 4466.52 5146.34 9.5185
1300 1.45210 4682.52 5408.57 9.7749 1.21009 4682.28 5408.34 9.6906
800 kPa (170.43◦ C) 1000 kPa (179.91◦ C)

Sat. 0.24043 2576.79 2769.13 6.6627 0.19444 2583.64 2778.08 6.5864
200 0.26080 2630.61 2839.25 6.8158 0.20596 2621.90 2827.86 6.6939
250 0.29314 2715.46 2949.97 7.0384 0.23268 2709.91 2942.59 6.9246
300 0.32411 2797.14 3056.43 7.2327 0.25794 2793.21 3051.15 7.1228
350 0.35439 2878.16 3161.68 7.4088 0.28247 2875.18 3157.65 7.3010
400 0.38426 2959.66 3267.07 7.5715 0.30659 2957.29 3263.88 7.4650
500 0.44331 3125.95 3480.60 7.8672 0.35411 3124.34 3478.44 7.7621
600 0.50184 3297.91 3699.38 8.1332 0.40109 3296.76 3697.85 8.0289


800 kPa (170.43◦ C) 1000 kPa (179.91◦ C)

700 0.56007 3476.22 3924.27 8.3770 0.44779 3475.35 3923.14 8.2731
800 0.61813 3661.14 4155.65 8.6033 0.49432 3660.46 4154.78 8.4996
900 0.67610 3852.77 4393.65 8.8153 0.54075 3852.19 4392.94 8.7118
1000 0.73401 4051.00 4638.20 9.0153 0.58712 4050.49 4637.60 8.9119
1100 0.79188 4255.57 4889.08 9.2049 0.63345 4255.09 4888.55 9.1016
1200 0.84974 4466.05 5145.85 9.3854 0.67977 4465.58 5145.36 9.2821
1300 0.90758 4681.81 5407.87 9.5575 0.72608 4681.33 5407.41 9.4542
1200 kPa (187.99◦ C) 1400 kPa (195.07◦ C)

Sat. 0.16333 2588.82 2784.82 6.5233 0.14084 2592.83 2790.00 6.4692
200 0.16930 2612.74 2815.90 6.5898 0.14302 2603.09 2803.32 6.4975
250 0.19235 2704.20 2935.01 6.8293 0.16350 2698.32 2927.22 6.7467
300 0.21382 2789.22 3045.80 7.0316 0.18228 2785.16 3040.35 6.9533
350 0.23452 2872.16 3153.59 7.2120 0.20026 2869.12 3149.49 7.1359
400 0.25480 2954.90 3260.66 7.3773 0.21780 2952.50 3257.42 7.3025
500 0.29463 3122.72 3476.28 7.6758 0.25215 3121.10 3474.11 7.6026
600 0.33393 3295.60 3696.32 7.9434 0.28596 3294.44 3694.78 7.8710
700 0.37294 3474.48 3922.01 8.1881 0.31947 3473.61 3920.87 8.1160
800 0.41177 3659.77 4153.90 8.4149 0.35281 3659.09 4153.03 8.3431
900 0.45051 3851.62 4392.23 8.6272 0.38606 3851.05 4391.53 8.5555
1000 0.48919 4049.98 4637.00 8.8274 0.41924 4049.47 4636.41 8.7558
1100 0.52783 4254.61 4888.02 9.0171 0.45239 4254.14 4887.49 8.9456
1200 0.56646 4465.12 5144.87 9.1977 0.48552 4464.65 5144.38 9.1262
1300 0.60507 4680.86 5406.95 9.3698 0.51864 4680.39 5406.49 9.2983
1600 kPa (201.40)◦ C) 1800 kPa (207.15◦ C)

Sat. 0.12380 2595.95 2794.02 6.4217 0.11042 2598.38 2797.13 6.3793
250 0.14184 2692.26 2919.20 6.6732 0.12497 2686.02 2910.96 6.6066
300 0.15862 2781.03 3034.83 6.8844 0.14021 2776.83 3029.21 6.8226
350 0.17456 2866.05 3145.35 7.0693 0.15457 2862.95 3141.18 7.0099
400 0.19005 2950.09 3254.17 7.2373 0.16847 2947.66 3250.90 7.1793
500 0.22029 3119.47 3471.93 7.5389 0.19550 3117.84 3469.75 7.4824
600 0.24998 3293.27 3693.23 7.8080 0.22199 3292.10 3691.69 7.7523
700 0.27937 3472.74 3919.73 8.0535 0.24818 3471.87 3918.59 7.9983
800 0.30859 3658.40 4152.15 8.2808 0.27420 3657.71 4151.27 8.2258
900 0.33772 3850.47 4390.82 8.4934 0.30012 3849.90 4390.11 8.4386
1000 0.36678 4048.96 4635.81 8.6938 0.32598 4048.45 4635.21 8.6390
1100 0.39581 4253.66 4886.95 8.8837 0.35180 4253.18 4886.42 8.8290
1200 0.42482 4464.18 5143.89 9.0642 0.37761 4463.71 5143.40 9.0096
1300 0.45382 4679.92 5406.02 9.2364 0.40340 4679.44 5405.56 9.1817


2000 kPa (212.42◦ C) 2500 kPa (223.99◦ C)

Sat. 0.09963 2600.26 2799.51 6.3408 0.07998 2603.13 2803.07 6.2574
250 0.11144 2679.58 2902.46 6.5452 0.08700 2662.55 2880.06 6.4084
300 0.12547 2772.56 3023.50 6.7663 0.09890 2761.56 3008.81 6.6437
350 0.13857 2859.81 3136.96 6.9562 0.10976 2851.84 3126.24 6.8402
400 0.15120 2945.21 3247.60 7.1270 0.12010 2939.03 3239.28 7.0147
450 0.16353 3030.41 3357.48 7.2844 0.13014 3025.43 3350.77 7.1745
500 0.17568 3116.20 3467.55 7.4316 0.13998 3112.08 3462.04 7.3233
600 0.19960 3290.93 3690.14 7.7023 0.15930 3287.99 3686.25 7.5960
700 0.22323 3470.99 3917.45 7.9487 0.17832 3468.80 3914.59 7.8435
800 0.24668 3657.03 4150.40 8.1766 0.19716 3655.30 4148.20 8.0720
900 0.27004 3849.33 4389.40 8.3895 0.21590 3847.89 4387.64 8.2853
1000 0.29333 4047.94 4634.61 8.5900 0.23458 4046.67 4633.12 8.4860
1100 0.31659 4252.71 4885.89 8.7800 0.25322 4251.52 4884.57 8.6761
1200 0.33984 4463.25 5142.92 8.9606 0.27185 4462.08 5141.70 8.8569
1300 0.36306 4678.97 5405.10 9.1328 0.29046 4677.80 5403.95 9.0291
3000 kPa (233.90◦ C) 4000 kPa (250.40◦ C)

Sat. 0.06668 2604.10 2804.14 6.1869 0.04978 2602.27 2801.38 6.0700
250 0.07058 2644.00 2855.75 6.2871 — — — —
300 0.08114 2750.05 2993.48 6.5389 0.05884 2725.33 2960.68 6.3614
350 0.09053 2843.66 3115.25 6.7427 0.06645 2826.65 3092.43 6.5820
400 0.09936 2932.75 3230.82 6.9211 0.07341 2919.88 3213.51 6.7689
450 0.10787 3020.38 3344.00 7.0833 0.08003 3010.13 3330.23 6.9362
500 0.11619 3107.92 3456.48 7.2337 0.08643 3099.49 3445.21 7.0900
600 0.13243 3285.03 3682.34 7.5084 0.09885 3279.06 3674.44 7.3688
700 0.14838 3466.59 3911.72 7.7571 0.11095 3462.15 3905.94 7.6198
800 0.16414 3653.58 4146.00 7.9862 0.12287 3650.11 4141.59 7.8502
900 0.17980 3846.46 4385.87 8.1999 0.13469 3843.59 4382.34 8.0647
1000 0.19541 4045.40 4631.63 8.4009 0.14645 4042.87 4628.65 8.2661
1100 0.21098 4250.33 4883.26 8.5911 0.15817 4247.96 4880.63 8.4566
1200 0.22652 4460.92 5140.49 8.7719 0.16987 4458.60 5138.07 8.6376
1300 0.24206 4676.63 5402.81 8.9442 0.18156 4674.29 5400.52 8.8099


5000 kPa (263.99◦ C) 6000 kPa (275.64◦ C)

Sat. 0.03944 2597.12 2794.33 5.9733 0.03244 2589.69 2784.33 5.8891
300 0.04532 2697.94 2924.53 6.2083 0.03616 2667.22 2884.19 6.0673
350 0.05194 2808.67 3068.39 6.4492 0.04223 2789.61 3042.97 6.3334
400 0.05781 2906.58 3195.64 6.6458 0.04739 2892.81 3177.17 6.5407
450 0.06330 2999.64 3316.15 6.8185 0.05214 2988.90 3301.76 6.7192
500 0.06857 3090.92 3433.76 6.9758 0.05665 3082.20 3422.12 6.8802
550 0.07368 3181.82 3550.23 7.1217 0.06101 3174.57 3540.62 7.0287
600 0.07869 3273.01 3666.47 7.2588 0.06525 3266.89 3658.40 7.1676
700 0.08849 3457.67 3900.13 7.5122 0.07352 3453.15 3894.28 7.4234
800 0.09811 3646.62 4137.17 7.7440 0.08160 3643.12 4132.74 7.6566
900 0.10762 3840.71 4378.82 7.9593 0.08958 3837.84 4375.29 7.8727
1000 0.11707 4040.35 4625.69 8.1612 0.09749 4037.83 4622.74 8.0751
1100 0.12648 4245.61 4878.02 8.3519 0.10536 4243.26 4875.42 8.2661
1200 0.13587 4456.30 5135.67 8.5330 0.11321 4454.00 5133.28 8.4473
1300 0.14526 4671.96 5398.24 8.7055 0.12106 4669.64 5395.97 8.6199
8000 kPa (295.06◦ C) 10000 kPa (311.06◦ C)

Sat. 0.02352 2569.79 2757.94 5.7431 0.01803 2544.41 2724.67 5.6140
300 0.02426 2590.93 2784.98 5.7905 — — — —
350 0.02995 2747.67 2987.30 6.1300 0.02242 2699.16 2923.39 5.9442
400 0.03432 2863.75 3138.28 6.3633 0.02641 2832.38 3096.46 6.2119
450 0.03817 2966.66 3271.99 6.5550 0.02975 2943.32 3240.83 6.4189
500 0.04175 3064.30 3398.27 6.7239 0.03279 3045.77 3373.63 6.5965
550 0.04516 3159.76 3521.01 6.8778 0.03564 3144.54 3500.92 6.7561
600 0.04845 3254.43 3642.03 7.0205 0.03837 3241.68 3625.34 6.9028
700 0.05481 3444.00 3882.47 7.2812 0.04358 3434.72 3870.52 7.1687
800 0.06097 3636.08 4123.84 7.5173 0.04859 3628.97 4114.91 7.4077
900 0.06702 3832.08 4368.26 7.7350 0.05349 3826.32 4361.24 7.6272
1000 0.07301 4032.81 4616.87 7.9384 0.05832 4027.81 4611.04 7.8315
1100 0.07896 4238.60 4870.25 8.1299 0.06312 4233.97 4865.14 8.0236
1200 0.08489 4449.45 5128.54 8.3115 0.06789 4444.93 5123.84 8.2054
1300 0.09080 4665.02 5391.46 8.4842 0.07265 4660.44 5386.99 8.3783


15000 kPa (342.24◦ C) 20000 kPa (365.81◦ C)

Sat. 0.01034 2455.43 2610.49 5.3097 0.00583 2293.05 2409.74 4.9269
350 0.01147 2520.36 2692.41 5.4420 — — — —
400 0.01565 2740.70 2975.44 5.8810 0.00994 2619.22 2818.07 5.5539
450 0.01845 2879.47 3156.15 6.1403 0.01270 2806.16 3060.06 5.9016
500 0.02080 2996.52 3308.53 6.3442 0.01477 2942.82 3238.18 6.1400
550 0.02293 3104.71 3448.61 6.5198 0.01656 3062.34 3393.45 6.3347
600 0.02491 3208.64 3582.30 6.6775 0.01818 3174.00 3537.57 6.5048
650 0.02680 3310.37 3712.32 6.8223 0.01969 3281.46 3675.32 6.6582
700 0.02861 3410.94 3840.12 6.9572 0.02113 3386.46 3809.09 6.7993
800 0.03210 3610.99 4092.43 7.2040 0.02385 3592.73 4069.80 7.0544
900 0.03546 3811.89 4343.75 7.4279 0.02645 3797.44 4326.37 7.2830
1000 0.03875 4015.41 4596.63 7.6347 0.02897 4003.12 4582.45 7.4925
1100 0.04200 4222.55 4852.56 7.8282 0.03145 4211.30 4840.24 7.6874
1200 0.04523 4433.78 5112.27 8.0108 0.03391 4422.81 5100.96 7.8706
1300 0.04845 4649.12 5375.94 8.1839 0.03636 4637.95 5365.10 8.0441
30000 kPa 40000 kPa

375 0.001789 1737.75 1791.43 3.9303 0.001641 1677.09 1742.71 3.8289
400 0.002790 2067.34 2151.04 4.4728 0.001908 1854.52 1930.83 4.1134
425 0.005304 2455.06 2614.17 5.1503 0.002532 2096.83 2198.11 4.5028
450 0.006735 2619.30 2821.35 5.4423 0.003693 2365.07 2512.79 4.9459
500 0.008679 2820.67 3081.03 5.7904 0.005623 2678.36 2903.26 5.4699
550 0.010168 2970.31 3275.36 6.0342 0.006984 2869.69 3149.05 5.7784
600 0.011446 3100.53 3443.91 6.2330 0.008094 3022.61 3346.38 6.0113
650 0.012596 3221.04 3598.93 6.4057 0.009064 3158.04 3520.58 6.2054
700 0.013661 3335.84 3745.67 6.5606 0.009942 3283.63 3681.29 6.3750
800 0.015623 3555.60 4024.31 6.8332 0.011523 3517.89 3978.80 6.6662
900 0.017448 3768.48 4291.93 7.0717 0.012963 3739.42 4257.93 6.9150
1000 0.019196 3978.79 4554.68 7.2867 0.014324 3954.64 4527.59 7.1356
1100 0.020903 4189.18 4816.28 7.4845 0.015643 4167.38 4793.08 7.3364
1200 0.022589 4401.29 5078.97 7.6691 0.016940 4380.11 5057.72 7.5224
1300 0.024266 4615.96 5343.95 7.8432 0.018229 4594.28 5323.45 7.6969

TABLE B.1.4
Compressed Liquid Water
500 kPa (151.86◦ C) 2000 kPa (212.42◦ C)

Sat. 0.001093 639.66 640.21 1.8606 0.001177 906.42 908.77 2.4473
0.01 0.000999 0.01 0.51 0.0000 0.000999 0.03 2.03 0.0001
20 0.001002 83.91 84.41 0.2965 0.001001 83.82 85.82 .2962
40 0.001008 167.47 167.98 0.5722 0.001007 167.29 169.30 .5716
60 0.001017 251.00 251.51 0.8308 0.001016 250.73 252.77 .8300
80 0.001029 334.73 335.24 1.0749 0.001028 334.38 336.44 1.0739
100 0.001043 418.80 419.32 1.3065 0.001043 418.36 420.45 1.3053
120 0.001060 503.37 503.90 1.5273 0.001059 502.84 504.96 1.5259
140 0.001080 588.66 589.20 1.7389 0.001079 588.02 590.18 1.7373
160 — — — — 0.001101 674.14 676.34 1.9410
180 — — — — 0.001127 761.46 763.71 2.1382
200 — — — — 0.001156 850.30 852.61 2.3301
5000 kPa (263.99◦ C) 10000 kPa (311.06◦ C)

Sat 0.001286 1147.78 1154.21 2.9201 0.001452 1393.00 1407.53 3.3595
0 0.000998 0.03 5.02 0.0001 0.000995 0.10 10.05 0.0003
20 0.001000 83.64 88.64 0.2955 0.000997 83.35 93.32 0.2945
40 0.001006 166.93 171.95 0.5705 0.001003 166.33 176.36 0.5685
60 0.001015 250.21 255.28 0.8284 0.001013 249.34 259.47 0.8258
80 0.001027 333.69 338.83 1.0719 0.001025 332.56 342.81 1.0687
100 0.001041 417.50 422.71 1.3030 0.001039 416.09 426.48 1.2992
120 0.001058 501.79 507.07 1.5232 0.001055 500.07 510.61 1.5188
140 0.001077 586.74 592.13 1.7342 0.001074 584.67 595.40 1.7291
160 0.001099 672.61 678.10 1.9374 0.001195 670.11 681.07 1.9316
180 0.001124 759.62 765.24 2.1341 0.001120 756.63 767.83 2.1274
200 0.001153 848.08 853.85 2.3254 0.001148 844.49 855.97 2.3178
220 0.001187 938.43 944.36 2.5128 0.001181 934.07 945.88 2.5038
240 0.001226 1031.34 1037.47 2.6978 0.001219 1025.94 1038.13 2.6872
260 0.001275 1127.92 1134.30 2.8829 0.001265 1121.03 1133.68 2.8698
280 0.001322 1220.90 1234.11 3.0547
300 0.001397 1328.34 1342.31 3.2468


Compressed Liquid Water
15000 kPa (342.24◦ C) 20000 kPa (365.81◦ C)

Sat. 0.001658 1585.58 1610.45 3.6847 0.002035 1785.47 1826.18 4.0137
0 0.000993 0.15 15.04 0.0004 0.000990 0.20 20.00 0.0004
20 0.000995 83.05 97.97 0.2934 0.000993 82.75 102.61 0.2922
40 0.001001 165.73 180.75 0.5665 0.000999 165.15 185.14 0.5646
60 0.001011 248.49 263.65 0.8231 0.001008 247.66 267.82 0.8205
80 0.001022 331.46 346.79 1.0655 0.001020 330.38 350.78 1.0623
100 0.001036 414.72 430.26 1.2954 0.001034 413.37 434.04 1.2917
120 0.001052 498.39 514.17 1.5144 0.001050 496.75 517.74 1.5101
140 0.001071 582.64 598.70 1.7241 0.001068 580.67 602.03 1.7192
160 0.001092 667.69 684.07 1.9259 0.001089 665.34 687.11 1.9203
180 0.001116 753.74 770.48 2.1209 0.001112 750.94 773.18 2.1146
200 0.001143 841.04 858.18 2.3103 0.001139 837.70 860.47 2.3031
220 0.001175 929.89 947.52 2.4952 0.001169 925.89 949.27 2.4869
240 0.001211 1020.82 1038.99 2.6770 0.001205 1015.94 1040.04 2.6673
260 0.001255 1114.59 1133.41 2.8575 0.001246 1108.53 1133.45 2.8459
280 0.001308 1212.47 1232.09 3.0392 0.001297 1204.69 1230.62 3.0248
300 0.001377 1316.58 1337.23 3.2259 0.001360 1306.10 1333.29 3.2071
320 0.001472 1431.05 1453.13 3.4246 0.001444 1415.66 1444.53 3.3978
340 0.001631 1567.42 1591.88 3.6545 0.001568 1539.64 1571.01 3.6074
360 0.001823 1702.78 1739.23 3.8770
30000 kPa 50000 kPa

0 0.000986 0.25 29.82 0.0001 0.000977 0.20 49.03 −0.0014
20 0.000989 82.16 111.82 0.2898 0.000980 80.98 130.00 0.2847
40 0.000995 164.01 193.87 0.5606 0.000987 161.84 211.20 0.5526
60 0.001004 246.03 276.16 0.8153 0.000996 242.96 292.77 0.8051
80 0.001016 328.28 358.75 1.0561 0.001007 324.32 374.68 1.0439
100 0.001029 410.76 441.63 1.2844 0.001020 405.86 456.87 1.2703
120 0.001044 493.58 524.91 1.5017 0.001035 487.63 539.37 1.4857
140 0.001062 576.86 608.73 1.7097 0.001052 569.76 622.33 1.6915
160 0.001082 660.81 693.27 1.9095 0.001070 652.39 705.91 1.8890
180 0.001105 745.57 778.71 2.1024 0.001091 735.68 790.24 2.0793
200 0.001130 831.34 865.24 2.2892 0.001115 819.73 875.46 2.2634
220 0.001159 918.32 953.09 2.4710 0.001141 904.67 961.71 2.4419
240 0.001192 1006.84 1042.60 2.6489 0.001170 990.69 1049.20 2.6158
260 0.001230 1097.38 1134.29 2.8242 0.001203 1078.06 1138.23 2.7860
280 0.001275 1190.69 1228.96 2.9985 0.001242 1167.19 1229.26 2.9536
300 0.001330 1287.89 1327.80 3.1740 0.001286 1258.66 1322.95 3.1200
320 0.001400 1390.64 1432.63 3.3538 0.001339 1353.23 1420.17 3.2867
340 0.001492 1501.71 1546.47 3.5425 0.001403 1451.91 1522.07 3.4556
360 0.001627 1626.57 1675.36 3.7492 0.001484 1555.97 1630.16 3.6290
380 0.001869 1781.35 1837.43 4.0010 0.001588 1667.13 1746.54 3.8100

TABLE B.1.5
Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
Temp. Press. Sat. Solid Evap. Sat. Vapor Sat. Solid Evap. Sat. Vapor
(◦ C) (kPa) vi vi g vg ui ui g ug
0.01 0.6113 0.0010908 206.152 206.153 −333.40 2708.7 2375.3
0 0.6108 0.0010908 206.314 206.315 −333.42 2708.7 2375.3
−2 0.5177 0.0010905 241.662 241.663 −337.61 2710.2 2372.5
−4 0.4376 0.0010901 283.798 283.799 −341.78 2711.5 2369.8
−6 0.3689 0.0010898 334.138 334.139 −345.91 2712.9 2367.0
−8 0.3102 0.0010894 394.413 394.414 −350.02 2714.2 2364.2
−10 0.2601 0.0010891 466.756 466.757 −354.09 2715.5 2361.4
−12 0.2176 0.0010888 553.802 553.803 −358.14 2716.8 2358.7
−14 0.1815 0.0010884 658.824 658.824 −362.16 2718.0 2355.9
−16 0.1510 0.0010881 785.906 785.907 −366.14 2719.2 2353.1
−18 0.1252 0.0010878 940.182 940.183 −370.10 2720.4 2350.3
−20 0.10355 0.0010874 1128.112 1128.113 −374.03 2721.6 2347.5
−22 0.08535 0.0010871 1357.863 1357.864 −377.93 2722.7 2344.7
−24 0.07012 0.0010868 1639.752 1639.753 −381.80 2723.7 2342.0
−26 0.05741 0.0010864 1986.775 1986.776 −385.64 2724.8 2339.2
−28 0.04684 0.0010861 2415.200 2415.201 −389.45 2725.8 2336.4
−30 0.03810 0.0010858 2945.227 2945.228 −393.23 2726.8 2333.6
−32 0.03090 0.0010854 3601.822 3601.823 −396.98 2727.8 2330.8
−34 0.02499 0.0010851 4416.252 4416.253 −400.71 2728.7 2328.0
−36 0.02016 0.0010848 5430.115 5430.116 −404.40 2729.6 2325.2
−38 0.01618 0.0010844 6707.021 6707.022 −408.06 2730.5 2322.4
−40 0.01286 0.0010841 8366.395 8366.396 −411.70 2731.3 2319.6


Saturated Solid-Saturated Vapor, Water
Temp. Press. Sat. Solid Evap. Sat. Vapor Sat. Solid Evap. Sat. Vapor
(◦ C) (kPa) hi hi g hg si si g sg
0.01 0.6113 −333.40 2834.7 2501.3 −1.2210 10.3772 9.1562
0 0.6108 −333.42 2834.8 2501.3 −1.2211 10.3776 9.1565
−2 0.5177 −337.61 2835.3 2497.6 −1.2369 10.4562 9.2193
−4 0.4376 −341.78 2835.7 2494.0 −1.2526 10.5358 9.2832
−6 0.3689 −345.91 2836.2 2490.3 −1.2683 10.6165 9.3482
−8 0.3102 −350.02 2836.6 2486.6 −1.2839 10.6982 9.4143
−10 0.2601 −354.09 2837.0 2482.9 −1.2995 10.7809 9.4815
−12 0.2176 −358.14 2837.3 2479.2 −1.3150 10.8648 9.5498
−14 0.1815 −362.16 2837.6 2475.5 −1.3306 10.9498 9.6192
−16 0.1510 −366.14 2837.9 2471.8 −1.3461 11.0359 9.6898
−18 0.1252 −370.10 2838.2 2468.1 −1.3617 11.1233 9.7616
−20 0.10355 −374.03 2838.4 2464.3 −1.3772 11.2120 9.8348
−22 0.08535 −377.93 2838.6 2460.6 −1.3928 11.3020 9.9093
−24 0.07012 −381.80 2838.7 2456.9 −1.4083 11.3935 9.9852
−26 0.05741 −385.64 2838.9 2453.2 −1.4239 11.4864 10.0625
−28 0.04684 −389.45 2839.0 2449.5 −1.4394 11.5808 10.1413
−30 0.03810 −393.23 2839.0 2445.8 −1.4550 11.6765 10.2215
−32 0.03090 −396.98 2839.1 2442.1 −1.4705 11.7733 10.3028
−34 0.02499 −400.71 2839.1 2438.4 −1.4860 11.8713 10.3853
−36 0.02016 −404.40 2839.1 2434.7 −1.5014 11.9704 10.4690
−38 0.01618 −408.06 2839.0 2431.0 −1.5168 12.0714 10.5546
−40 0.01286 −411.70 2838.9 2427.2 −1.5321 12.1768 10.6447

TABLE B.2
Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia
TABLE B.2.1
Saturated Ammonia
−50 40.9 0.001424 2.62557 2.62700 −43.82 1309.1 1265.2
−45 54.5 0.001437 2.00489 2.00632 −22.01 1293.5 1271.4
−40 71.7 0.001450 1.55111 1.55256 −0.10 1277.6 1277.4
−35 93.2 0.001463 1.21466 1.21613 21.93 1261.3 1283.3
−30 119.5 0.001476 0.96192 0.96339 44.08 1244.8 1288.9
−25 151.6 0.001490 0.76970 0.77119 66.36 1227.9 1294.3
−20 190.2 0.001504 0.62184 0.62334 88.76 1210.7 1299.5
−15 236.3 0.001519 0.50686 0.50838 111.30 1193.2 1304.5
−10 290.9 0.001534 0.41655 0.41808 133.96 1175.2 1309.2
−5 354.9 0.001550 0.34493 0.34648 156.76 1157.0 1313.7
0 429.6 0.001566 0.28763 0.28920 179.69 1138.3 1318.0
5 515.9 0.001583 0.24140 0.24299 202.77 1119.2 1322.0
10 615.2 0.001600 0.20381 0.20541 225.99 1099.7 1325.7
15 728.6 0.001619 0.17300 0.17462 249.36 1079.7 1329.1
20 857.5 0.001638 0.14758 0.14922 272.89 1059.3 1332.2
25 1003.2 0.001658 0.12647 0.12813 296.59 1038.4 1335.0
30 1167.0 0.001680 0.10881 0.11049 320.46 1016.9 1337.4
35 1350.4 0.001702 0.09397 0.09567 344.50 994.9 1339.4
40 1554.9 0.001725 0.08141 0.08313 368.74 972.2 1341.0
45 1782.0 0.001750 0.07073 0.07248 393.19 948.9 1342.1
50 2033.1 0.001777 0.06159 0.06337 417.87 924.8 1342.7
55 2310.1 0.001804 0.05375 0.05555 442.79 899.9 1342.7
60 2614.4 0.001834 0.04697 0.04880 467.99 874.2 1342.1
65 2947.8 0.001866 0.04109 0.04296 493.51 847.4 1340.9
70 3312.0 0.001900 0.03597 0.03787 519.39 819.5 1338.9
75 3709.0 0.001937 0.03148 0.03341 545.70 790.4 1336.1
80 4140.5 0.001978 0.02753 0.02951 572.50 759.9 1332.4
85 4608.6 0.002022 0.02404 0.02606 599.90 727.8 1327.7
90 5115.3 0.002071 0.02093 0.02300 627.99 693.7 1321.7
95 5662.9 0.002126 0.01815 0.02028 656.95 657.4 1314.4
100 6253.7 0.002188 0.01565 0.01784 686.96 618.4 1305.3
105 6890.4 0.002261 0.01337 0.01564 718.30 575.9 1294.2
110 7575.7 0.002347 0.01128 0.01363 751.37 529.1 1280.5
115 8313.3 0.002452 0.00933 0.01178 786.82 476.2 1263.1
120 9107.2 0.002589 0.00744 0.01003 825.77 414.5 1240.3
125 9963.5 0.002783 0.00554 0.00833 870.69 337.7 1208.4
130 10891.6 0.003122 0.00337 0.00649 929.29 226.9 1156.2
132.3 11333.2 0.004255 0 0.00426 1037.62 0 1037.6


Saturated Ammonia
−50 40.9 −43.76 1416.3 1372.6 −0.1916 6.3470 6.1554
−45 54.5 −21.94 1402.8 1380.8 −0.0950 6.1484 6.0534
−40 71.7 0 1388.8 1388.8 0 5.9567 5.9567
−35 93.2 22.06 1374.5 1396.5 0.0935 5.7715 5.8650
−30 119.5 44.26 1359.8 1404.0 0.1856 5.5922 5.7778
−25 151.6 66.58 1344.6 1411.2 0.2763 5.4185 5.6947
−20 190.2 89.05 1329.0 1418.0 0.3657 5.2498 5.6155
−15 236.3 111.66 1312.9 1424.6 0.4538 5.0859 5.5397
−10 290.9 134.41 1296.4 1430.8 0.5408 4.9265 5.4673
−5 354.9 157.31 1279.4 1436.7 0.6266 4.7711 5.3977
0 429.6 180.36 1261.8 1442.2 0.7114 4.6195 5.3309
5 515.9 203.58 1243.7 1447.3 0.7951 4.4715 5.2666
10 615.2 226.97 1225.1 1452.0 0.8779 4.3266 5.2045
15 728.6 250.54 1205.8 1456.3 0.9598 4.1846 5.1444
20 857.5 274.30 1185.9 1460.2 1.0408 4.0452 5.0860
25 1003.2 298.25 1165.2 1463.5 1.1210 3.9083 5.0293
30 1167.0 322.42 1143.9 1466.3 1.2005 3.7734 4.9738
35 1350.4 346.80 1121.8 1468.6 1.2792 3.6403 4.9196
40 1554.9 371.43 1098.8 1470.2 1.3574 3.5088 4.8662
45 1782.0 396.31 1074.9 1471.2 1.4350 3.3786 4.8136
50 2033.1 421.48 1050.0 1471.5 1.5121 3.2493 4.7614
55 2310.1 446.96 1024.1 1471.0 1.5888 3.1208 4.7095
60 2614.4 472.79 997.0 1469.7 1.6652 2.9925 4.6577
65 2947.8 499.01 968.5 1467.5 1.7415 2.8642 4.6057
70 3312.0 525.69 938.7 1464.4 1.8178 2.7354 4.3533
75 3709.0 552.88 907.2 1460.1 1.8943 2.6058 4.5001
80 4140.5 580.69 873.9 1454.6 1.9712 2.4746 4.4458
85 4608.6 609.21 838.6 1447.8 2.0488 2.3413 4.3901
90 5115.3 638.59 800.8 1439.4 2.1273 2.2051 4.3325
95 5662.9 668.99 760.2 1429.2 2.2073 2.0650 4.2723
100 6253.7 700.64 716.2 1416.9 2.2893 1.9195 4.2088
105 6890.4 733.87 668.1 1402.0 2.3740 1.7667 4.1407
110 7575.7 769.15 614.6 1383.7 2.4625 1.6040 4.0665
115 8313.3 807.21 553.8 1361.0 2.5566 1.4267 3.9833
120 9107.2 849.36 482.3 1331.7 2.6593 1.2268 3.8861
125 9963.5 898.42 393.0 1291.4 2.7775 0.9870 3.7645
130 10892 963.29 263.7 1227.0 2.9326 0.6540 3.5866
132.3 11333 1085.85 0 1085.9 3.2316 0 3.2316


Superheated Ammonia
50 kPa (−46.53◦ C) 100 kPa (−33.60◦ C)
Sat. 2.1752 1269.6 1378.3 6.0839 1.1381 1284.9 1398.7 5.8401
−30 2.3448 1296.2 1413.4 6.2333 1.1573 1291.0 1406.7 5.8734
−20 2.4463 1312.3 1434.6 6.3187 1.2101 1307.8 1428.8 5.9626
−10 2.5471 1328.4 1455.7 6.4006 1.2621 1324.6 1450.8 6.0477
0 2.6474 1344.5 1476.9 6.4795 1.3136 1341.3 1472.6 6.1291
10 2.7472 1360.7 1498.1 6.5556 1.3647 1357.9 1494.4 6.2073
20 2.8466 1377.0 1519.3 6.6293 1.4153 1374.5 1516.1 6.2826
30 2.9458 1393.3 1540.6 6.7008 1.4657 1391.2 1537.7 6.3553
40 3.0447 1409.8 1562.0 6.7703 1.5158 1407.9 1559.5 6.4258
50 3.1435 1426.3 1583.5 6.8379 1.5658 1424.7 1581.2 6.4943
60 3.2421 1443.0 1605.1 6.9038 1.6156 1441.5 1603.1 6.5609
70 3.3406 1459.9 1626.9 6.9682 1.6653 1458.5 1625.1 6.6258
80 3.4390 1476.9 1648.8 7.0312 1.7148 1475.6 1647.1 6.6892
100 3.6355 1511.4 1693.2 7.1533 1.8137 1510.3 1691.7 6.8120
120 3.8318 1546.6 1738.2 7.2708 1.9124 1545.7 1736.9 6.9300
140 4.0280 1582.5 1783.9 7.3842 2.0109 1581.7 1782.8 7.0439
160 4.2240 1619.2 1830.4 7.4941 2.1093 1618.5 1829.4 7.1540
180 4.4199 1656.7 1877.7 7.6008 2.2075 1656.0 1876.8 7.2609
200 4.6157 1694.9 1925.7 7.7045 2.3057 1694.3 1924.9 7.3648
150 kPa (−25.22◦ C) 200 kPa (−18.86◦ C)
Sat. 0.7787 1294.1 1410.9 5.6983 0.5946 1300.6 1419.6 5.5979
−20 0.7977 1303.3 1422.9 5.7465 — — — —
−10 0.8336 1320.7 1445.7 5.8349 0.6193 1316.7 1440.6 5.6791
0 0.8689 1337.9 1468.3 5.9189 0.6465 1334.5 1463.8 5.7659
10 0.9037 1355.0 1490.6 5.9992 0.6732 1352.1 1486.8 5.8484
20 0.9382 1372.0 1512.8 6.0761 0.6995 1369.5 1509.4 5.9270
30 0.9723 1389.0 1534.9 6.1502 0.7255 1386.8 1531.9 6.0025
40 1.0062 1406.0 1556.9 6.2217 0.7513 1404.0 1554.3 6.0751
50 1.0398 1423.0 1578.9 6.2910 0.7769 1421.3 1576.6 6.1453
60 1.0734 1440.0 1601.0 6.3583 0.8023 1438.5 1598.9 6.2133
70 1.1068 1457.2 1623.2 6.4238 0.8275 1455.8 1621.3 6.2794
80 1.1401 1474.4 1645.4 6.4877 0.8527 1473.1 1643.7 6.3437
100 1.2065 1509.3 1690.2 6.6112 0.9028 1508.2 1688.8 6.4679
120 1.2726 1544.8 1735.6 6.7297 0.9527 1543.8 1734.4 6.5869
140 1.3386 1580.9 1781.7 6.8439 1.0024 1580.1 1780.6 6.7015
160 1.4044 1617.8 1828.4 6.9544 1.0519 1617.0 1827.4 6.8123
180 1.4701 1655.4 1875.9 7.0615 1.1014 1654.7 1875.0 6.9196
200 1.5357 1693.7 1924.1 7.1656 1.1507 1693.2 1923.3 7.0239
220 1.6013 1732.9 1973.1 7.2670 1.2000 1732.4 1972.4 7.1255


Superheated Ammonia
300 kPa (−9.24◦ C) 400 kPa (−1.89◦ C)
Sat. 0.40607 1309.9 1431.7 5.4565 0.30942 1316.4 1440.2 5.3559
0 0.42382 1327.5 1454.7 5.5420 0.31227 1320.2 1445.1 5.3741
10 0.44251 1346.1 1478.9 5.6290 0.32701 1339.9 1470.7 5.4663
20 0.46077 1364.4 1502.6 5.7113 0.34129 1359.1 1495.6 5.5525
30 0.47870 1382.3 1526.0 5.7896 0.35520 1377.7 1519.8 5.6338
40 0.49636 1400.1 1549.0 5.8645 0.36884 1396.1 1543.6 5.7111
50 0.51382 1417.8 1571.9 5.9365 0.38226 1414.2 1567.1 5.7850
60 0.53111 1435.4 1594.7 6.0060 0.39550 1432.2 1590.4 5.8560
70 0.54827 1453.0 1617.5 6.0732 0.40860 1450.1 1613.6 5.9244
80 0.56532 1470.6 1640.2 6.1385 0.42160 1468.0 1636.7 5.9907
100 0.59916 1506.1 1685.8 6.2642 0.44732 1503.9 1682.8 6.1179
120 0.63276 1542.0 1731.8 6.3842 0.47279 1540.1 1729.2 6.2390
140 0.66618 1578.5 1778.3 6.4996 0.49808 1576.8 1776.0 6.3552
160 0.69946 1615.6 1825.4 6.6109 0.52323 1614.1 1823.4 6.4671
180 0.73263 1653.4 1873.2 6.7188 0.54827 1652.1 1871.4 6.5755
200 0.76572 1692.0 1921.7 6.8235 0.57321 1690.8 1920.1 6.6806
220 0.79872 1731.3 1970.9 6.9254 0.59809 1730.3 1969.5 6.7828
240 0.83167 1771.4 2020.9 7.0247 0.62289 1770.5 2019.6 6.8825
260 0.86455 1812.2 2071.6 7.1217 0.64764 1811.4 2070.5 6.9797
500 kPa (4.13◦ C) 600 kPa (9.28◦ C)
Sat. 0.25035 1321.3 1446.5 5.2776 0.21038 1325.2 1451.4 5.2133
10 0.25757 1333.5 1462.3 5.3340 0.21115 1326.7 1453.4 5.2205
20 0.26949 1353.6 1488.3 5.4244 0.22154 1347.9 1480.8 5.3156
30 0.28103 1373.0 1513.5 5.5090 0.23152 1368.2 1507.1 5.4037
40 0.29227 1392.0 1538.1 5.5889 0.24118 1387.8 1532.5 5.4862
50 0.30328 1410.6 1562.2 5.6647 0.25059 1406.9 1557.3 5.5641
60 0.31410 1429.0 1586.1 5.7373 0.25981 1425.7 1581.6 5.6383
70 0.32478 1447.3 1609.6 5.8070 0.26888 1444.3 1605.7 5.7094
80 0.33535 1465.4 1633.1 5.8744 0.27783 1462.8 1629.5 5.7778
100 0.35621 1501.7 1679.8 6.0031 0.29545 1499.5 1676.8 5.9081
120 0.37681 1538.2 1726.6 6.1253 0.31281 1536.3 1724.0 6.0314
140 0.39722 1575.2 1773.8 6.2422 0.32997 1573.5 1771.5 6.1491
160 0.41748 1612.7 1821.4 6.3548 0.34699 1611.2 1819.4 6.2623
180 0.43764 1650.8 1869.6 6.4636 0.36389 1649.5 1867.8 6.3717
200 0.45771 1689.6 1918.5 6.5691 0.38071 1688.5 1916.9 6.4776
220 0.47770 1729.2 1968.1 6.6717 0.39745 1728.2 1966.6 6.5806
240 0.49763 1769.5 2018.3 6.7717 0.41412 1768.6 2017.0 6.6808
260 0.51749 1810.6 2069.3 6.8692 0.43073 1809.8 2068.2 6.7786


Superheated Ammonia
800 kPa (17.85◦ C) 1000 kPa (24.90◦ C)
Sat. 0.15958 1330.9 1458.6 5.1110 0.12852 1334.9 1463.4 5.0304
20 0.16138 1335.8 1464.9 5.1328 — — — —
30 0.16947 1358.0 1493.5 5.2287 0.13206 1347.1 1479.1 5.0826
40 0.17720 1379.0 1520.8 5.3171 0.13868 1369.8 1508.5 5.1778
50 0.18465 1399.3 1547.0 5.3996 0.14499 1391.3 1536.3 5.2654
60 0.19189 1419.0 1572.5 5.4774 0.15106 1412.1 1563.1 5.3471
70 0.19896 1438.3 1597.5 5.5513 0.15695 1432.2 1589.1 5.4240
80 0.20590 1457.4 1622.1 5.6219 0.16270 1451.9 1614.6 5.4971
100 0.21949 1495.0 1670.6 5.7555 0.17389 1490.5 1664.3 5.6342
120 0.23280 1532.5 1718.7 5.8811 0.18477 1528.6 1713.4 5.7622
140 0.24590 1570.1 1766.9 6.0006 0.19545 1566.8 1762.2 5.8834
160 0.25886 1608.2 1815.3 6.1150 0.20597 1605.2 1811.2 5.9992
180 0.27170 1646.8 1864.2 6.2254 0.21638 1644.2 1860.5 6.1105
200 0.28445 1686.1 1913.6 6.3322 0.22669 1683.7 1910.4 6.2182
220 0.29712 1726.0 1963.7 6.4358 0.23693 1723.9 1960.8 6.3226
240 0.30973 1766.7 2014.5 6.5367 0.24710 1764.8 2011.9 6.4241
260 0.32228 1808.1 2065.9 6.6350 0.25720 1806.4 2063.6 6.5229
280 0.33477 1850.2 2118.0 6.7310 0.26726 1848.8 2116.0 6.6194
300 0.34722 1893.1 2170.9 6.8248 0.27726 1891.8 2169.1 6.7137
1200 kPa (30.94◦ C) 1400 kPa (36.26◦ C)
Sat. 0.10751 1337.8 1466.8 4.9635 0.09231 1339.8 1469.0 4.9060
40 0.11287 1360.0 1495.4 5.0564 0.09432 1349.5 1481.6 4.9463
50 0.11846 1383.0 1525.1 5.1497 0.09942 1374.2 1513.4 5.0462
60 0.12378 1404.8 1553.3 5.2357 0.10423 1397.2 1543.1 5.1370
70 0.12890 1425.8 1580.5 5.3159 0.10882 1419.2 1571.5 5.2209
80 0.13387 1446.2 1606.8 5.3916 0.11324 1440.3 1598.8 5.2994
100 0.14347 1485.8 1658.0 5.5325 0.12172 1481.0 1651.4 5.4443
120 0.15275 1524.7 1708.0 5.6631 0.12986 1520.7 1702.5 5.5775
140 0.16181 1563.3 1757.5 5.7860 0.13777 1559.9 1752.8 5.7023
160 0.17071 1602.2 1807.1 5.9031 0.14552 1599.2 1802.9 5.8208
180 0.17950 1641.5 1856.9 6.0156 0.15315 1638.8 1853.2 5.9343
200 0.18819 1681.3 1907.1 6.1241 0.16068 1678.9 1903.8 6.0437
220 0.19680 1721.8 1957.9 6.2292 0.16813 1719.6 1955.0 6.1495
240 0.20534 1762.9 2009.3 6.3313 0.17551 1761.0 2006.7 6.2523
260 0.21382 1804.7 2061.3 6.4308 0.18283 1803.0 2059.0 6.3523
280 0.22225 1847.3 2114.0 6.5278 0.19010 1845.8 2111.9 6.4498
300 0.23063 1890.6 2167.3 6.6225 0.19732 1889.3 2165.5 6.5450
320 0.23897 1934.6 2221.3 6.7151 0.20450 1933.5 2219.8 6.6380


Superheated Ammonia
1600 kPa (41.03◦ C) 2000 kPa (49.37◦ C)
Sat. 0.08079 1341.2 1470.5 4.8553 0.06444 1342.6 1471.5 4.7680
50 0.08506 1364.9 1501.0 4.9510 0.06471 1344.5 1473.9 4.7754
60 0.08951 1389.3 1532.5 5.0472 0.06875 1372.3 1509.8 4.8848
70 0.09372 1412.3 1562.3 5.1351 0.07246 1397.8 1542.7 4.9821
80 0.09774 1434.3 1590.6 5.2167 0.07595 1421.6 1573.5 5.0707
100 0.10539 1476.2 1644.8 5.3659 0.08248 1466.1 1631.1 5.2294
120 0.11268 1516.6 1696.9 5.5018 0.08861 1508.3 1685.5 5.3714
140 0.11974 1556.4 1748.0 5.6286 0.09447 1549.3 1738.2 5.5022
160 0.12662 1596.1 1798.7 5.7485 0.10016 1589.9 1790.2 5.6251
180 0.13339 1636.1 1849.5 5.8631 0.10571 1630.6 1842.0 5.7420
200 0.14005 1676.5 1900.5 5.9734 0.11116 1671.6 1893.9 5.8540
220 0.14663 1717.4 1952.0 6.0800 0.11652 1713.1 1946.1 5.9621
240 0.15314 1759.0 2004.1 6.1834 0.12182 1755.2 1998.8 6.0668
260 0.15959 1801.3 2056.7 6.2839 0.12705 1797.9 2052.0 6.1685
280 0.16599 1844.3 2109.9 6.3819 0.13224 1841.3 2105.8 6.2675
300 0.17234 1888.0 2163.7 6.4775 0.13737 1885.4 2160.1 6.3641
320 0.17865 1932.4 2218.2 6.5710 0.14246 1930.2 2215.1 6.4583
340 0.18492 1977.5 2273.4 6.6624 0.14751 1975.6 2270.7 6.5505
360 0.19115 2023.3 2329.1 6.7519 0.15253 2021.8 2326.8 6.6406
5000 kPa (88.90◦ C) 10000 kPa (125.20◦ C)
Sat. 0.02365 1323.2 1441.4 4.3454 0.00826 1206.8 1289.4 3.7587
100 0.02636 1369.7 1501.5 4.5091 — — — —
120 0.03024 1435.1 1586.3 4.7306 — — — —
140 0.03350 1489.8 1657.3 4.9068 0.01195 1341.8 1461.3 4.1839
160 0.03643 1539.5 1721.7 5.0591 0.01461 1432.2 1578.3 4.4610
180 0.03916 1586.9 1782.7 5.1968 0.01666 1500.6 1667.2 4.6617
200 0.04174 1633.1 1841.8 5.3245 0.01842 1560.3 1744.5 4.8287
220 0.04422 1678.9 1900.0 5.4450 0.02001 1615.8 1816.0 4.9767
240 0.04662 1724.8 1957.9 5.5600 0.02150 1669.2 1884.2 5.1123
260 0.04895 1770.9 2015.6 5.6704 0.02290 1721.6 1950.6 5.2392
280 0.05123 1817.4 2073.6 5.7771 0.02424 1773.6 2015.9 5.3596
300 0.05346 1864.5 2131.8 5.8805 0.02552 1825.5 2080.7 5.4746
320 0.05565 1912.1 2190.3 5.9809 0.02676 1877.6 2145.2 5.5852
340 0.05779 1960.3 2249.2 6.0786 0.02796 1930.0 2209.6 5.6921
360 0.05990 2009.1 2308.6 6.1738 0.02913 1982.8 2274.1 5.7955
380 0.06198 2058.5 2368.4 6.2668 0.03026 2036.1 2338.7 5.8960
400 0.06403 2108.4 2428.6 6.3576 0.03137 2089.8 2403.5 5.9937
420 0.06606 2159.0 2489.3 6.4464 0.03245 2143.9 2468.5 6.0888
440 0.06806 2210.1 2550.4 6.5334 0.03351 2198.5 2533.7 6.1815

TABLE B.3
Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide
TABLE B.3.1
Saturated Carbon Dioxide
(◦ C) (kPa) vf ufg vg uf ufg ug
−50.0 682.3 0.000866 0.05492 0.05579 −20.55 302.26 281.71
−48 739.5 0.000872 0.05075 0.05162 −16.64 298.86 282.21
−46 800.2 0.000878 0.04694 0.04782 −12.72 295.42 282.69
−44 864.4 0.000883 0.04347 0.04435 −8.80 291.94 283.15
−42 932.5 0.000889 0.04029 0.04118 −4.85 288.42 283.57
−40 1004.5 0.000896 0.03739 0.03828 −0.90 284.86 283.96
−38 1080.5 0.000902 0.03472 0.03562 3.07 281.26 284.33
−36 1160.7 0.000909 0.03227 0.03318 7.05 277.60 284.66
−34 1245.2 0.000915 0.03002 0.03093 11.05 273.90 284.95
−32 1334.2 0.000922 0.02794 0.02886 15.07 270.14 285.21
−30 1427.8 0.000930 0.02603 0.02696 19.11 266.32 285.43
−28 1526.1 0.000937 0.02425 0.02519 23.17 262.45 285.61
−26 1629.3 0.000945 0.02261 0.02356 27.25 258.51 285.75
−24 1737.5 0.000953 0.02110 0.02205 31.35 254.50 285.85
−22 1850.9 0.000961 0.01968 0.02065 35.48 250.41 285.89
−20 1969.6 0.000969 0.01837 0.01934 39.64 246.25 285.89
−18 2093.8 0.000978 0.01715 0.01813 43.82 242.01 285.84
−16 2223.7 0.000987 0.01601 0.01700 48.04 237.68 285.73
−14 2359.3 0.000997 0.01495 0.01595 52.30 233.26 285.56
−12 2501.0 0.001007 0.01396 0.01497 56.59 228.73 285.32
−10 2648.7 0.001017 0.01303 0.01405 60.92 224.10 285.02
−8 2802.7 0.001028 0.01216 0.01319 65.30 219.35 284.65
−6 2963.2 0.001040 0.01134 0.01238 69.73 214.47 284.20
−4 3130.3 0.001052 0.01057 0.01162 74.20 209.46 283.66
−2 3304.2 0.001065 0.00985 0.01091 78.74 204.29 283.03
0 3485.1 0.001078 0.00916 0.01024 83.34 198.96 282.30
2 3673.3 0.001093 0.00852 0.00961 88.01 193.44 281.46
4 3868.8 0.001108 0.00790 0.00901 92.76 187.73 280.49
6 4072.0 0.001124 0.00732 0.00845 97.60 181.78 279.38
8 4283.1 0.001142 0.00677 0.00791 102.54 175.57 278.11
10 4502.2 0.001161 0.00624 0.00740 107.60 169.07 276.67
12 4729.7 0.001182 0.00573 0.00691 112.79 162.23 275.02
14 4965.8 0.001205 0.00524 0.00645 118.14 154.99 273.13
16 5210.8 0.001231 0.00477 0.00600 123.69 147.26 270.95
18 5465.1 0.001260 0.00431 0.00557 129.48 138.95 268.43
20 5729.1 0.001293 0.00386 0.00515 135.56 129.90 265.46
22 6003.1 0.001332 0.00341 0.00474 142.03 119.89 261.92
24 6287.7 0.001379 0.00295 0.00433 149.04 108.55 257.59
26 6583.7 0.001440 0.00247 0.00391 156.88 95.20 252.07
28 6891.8 0.001526 0.00193 0.00346 166.20 78.26 244.46
30 7213.7 0.001685 0.00121 0.00290 179.49 51.83 231.32
31.0 7377.3 0.002139 0.0 0.00214 203.56 0.0 203.56


Saturated Carbon Dioxide
−50.0 682.3 −19.96 339.73 319.77 −0.0863 1.5224 1.4362
−48 739.5 −16.00 336.38 320.38 −0.0688 1.4940 1.4252
−46 800.2 −12.02 332.98 320.96 −0.0515 1.4659 1.4144
−44 864.4 −8.03 329.52 321.49 −0.0342 1.4380 1.4038
−42 932.5 −4.02 326.00 321.97 −0.0171 1.4103 1.3933
−40 1004.5 0.00 322.42 322.42 0.0000 1.3829 1.3829
−38 1080.5 4.04 318.78 322.82 0.0170 1.3556 1.3726
−36 1160.7 8.11 315.06 323.17 0.0339 1.3285 1.3624
−34 1245.2 12.19 311.28 323.47 0.0507 1.3016 1.3523
−32 1334.2 16.30 307.42 323.72 0.0675 1.2748 1.3423
−30 1427.8 20.43 303.48 323.92 0.0842 1.2481 1.3323
−28 1526.1 24.60 299.46 324.06 0.1009 1.2215 1.3224
−26 1629.3 28.78 295.35 324.14 0.1175 1.1950 1.3125
−24 1737.5 33.00 291.15 324.15 0.1341 1.1686 1.3026
−22 1850.9 37.26 286.85 324.11 0.1506 1.1421 1.2928
−20 1969.6 41.55 282.44 323.99 0.1672 1.1157 1.2829
−18 2093.8 45.87 277.93 323.80 0.1837 1.0893 1.2730
−16 2223.7 50.24 273.30 323.53 0.2003 1.0628 1.2631
−14 2359.3 54.65 268.54 323.19 0.2169 1.0362 1.2531
−12 2501.0 59.11 263.65 322.76 0.2334 1.0096 1.2430
−10 2648.7 63.62 258.61 322.23 0.2501 0.9828 1.2328
−8 2802.7 68.18 253.43 321.61 0.2668 0.9558 1.2226
−6 2963.2 72.81 248.08 320.89 0.2835 0.9286 1.2121
−4 3130.3 77.50 242.55 320.05 0.3003 0.9012 1.2015
−2 3304.2 82.26 236.83 319.09 0.3173 0.8734 1.1907
0 3485.1 87.10 230.89 317.99 0.3344 0.8453 1.1797
2 3673.3 92.02 224.73 316.75 0.3516 0.8167 1.1683
4 3868.8 97.05 218.30 315.35 0.3690 0.7877 1.1567
6 4072.0 102.18 211.59 313.77 0.3866 0.7580 1.1446
8 4283.1 107.43 204.56 311.99 0.4045 0.7276 1.1321
10 4502.2 112.83 197.15 309.98 0.4228 0.6963 1.1190
12 4729.7 118.38 189.33 307.72 0.4414 0.6640 1.1053
14 4965.8 124.13 181.02 305.15 0.4605 0.6304 1.0909
16 5210.8 130.11 172.12 302.22 0.4802 0.5952 1.0754
18 5465.1 136.36 162.50 298.86 0.5006 0.5581 1.0588
20 5729.1 142.97 152.00 294.96 0.5221 0.5185 1.0406
22 6003.1 150.02 140.34 290.36 0.5449 0.4755 1.0203
24 6287.7 157.71 127.09 284.80 0.5695 0.4277 0.9972
26 6583.7 166.36 111.45 277.80 0.5971 0.3726 0.9697
28 6891.8 176.72 91.58 268.30 0.6301 0.3041 0.9342
30 7213.7 191.65 60.58 252.23 0.6778 0.1998 0.8776
31.0 7377.3 219.34 0.0 219.34 0.7680 0.0 0.7680

TABLE B.3.2
Superheated Carbon Dioxide
400 kPa (NA) 800 kPa (−46.00◦ C)

Sat. — — — — 0.04783 282.69 320.95 1.4145
−40 0.10499 292.46 334.46 1.5947 0.04966 287.05 326.78 1.4398
−20 0.11538 305.30 351.46 1.6646 0.05546 301.13 345.49 1.5168
0 0.12552 318.31 368.51 1.7295 0.06094 314.92 363.67 1.5859
20 0.13551 331.57 385.77 1.7904 0.06623 328.73 381.72 1.6497
40 0.14538 345.14 403.29 1.8482 0.07140 342.70 399.82 1.7094
60 0.15518 359.03 421.10 1.9033 0.07648 356.90 418.09 1.7660
80 0.16491 373.25 439.21 1.9561 0.08150 371.37 436.57 1.8199
100 0.17460 387.80 457.64 2.0069 0.08647 386.11 455.29 1.8714
120 0.18425 402.67 476.37 2.0558 0.09141 401.15 474.27 1.9210
140 0.19388 417.86 495.41 2.1030 0.09631 416.47 493.52 1.9687
160 0.20348 433.35 514.74 2.1487 0.10119 432.07 513.03 2.0148
180 0.21307 449.13 534.36 2.1930 0.10606 447.95 532.80 2.0594
200 0.22264 465.20 554.26 2.2359 0.11090 464.11 552.83 2.1027
220 0.23219 481.55 574.42 2.2777 0.11573 480.52 573.11 2.1447
240 0.24173 498.16 594.85 2.3183 0.12056 497.20 593.64 2.1855
260 0.25127 515.02 615.53 2.3578 0.12537 514.12 614.41 2.2252
1000 kPa (−40.12◦ C) 1400 kPa (−30.58◦ C)

Sat. 0.03845 283.94 322.39 1.3835 0.02750 285.37 323.87 1.3352
−20 0.04342 298.89 342.31 1.4655 0.02957 294.04 335.44 1.3819
0 0.04799 313.15 361.14 1.5371 0.03315 309.42 355.83 1.4595
20 0.05236 327.27 379.63 1.6025 0.03648 324.23 375.30 1.5283
40 0.05660 341.46 398.05 1.6633 0.03966 338.90 394.42 1.5914
60 0.06074 355.82 416.56 1.7206 0.04274 353.62 413.45 1.6503
80 0.06482 370.42 435.23 1.7750 0.04575 368.48 432.52 1.7059
100 0.06885 385.26 454.11 1.8270 0.04870 383.54 451.72 1.7588
120 0.07284 400.38 473.22 1.8768 0.05161 398.83 471.09 1.8093
140 0.07680 415.77 492.57 1.9249 0.05450 414.36 490.66 1.8579
160 0.08074 431.43 512.17 1.9712 0.05736 430.14 510.44 1.9046
180 0.08465 447.36 532.02 2.0160 0.06020 446.17 530.45 1.9498
200 0.08856 463.56 552.11 2.0594 0.06302 462.45 550.68 1.9935
220 0.09244 480.01 572.46 2.1015 0.06583 478.98 571.14 2.0358
240 0.09632 496.72 593.04 2.1424 0.06863 495.76 591.83 2.0770
260 0.10019 513.67 613.86 2.1822 0.07141 512.77 612.74 2.1169
280 0.10405 530.86 634.90 2.2209 0.07419 530.01 633.88 2.1558


Superheated Carbon Dioxide
2000 kPa (−19.50◦ C) 3000 kPa (−5.55◦ C)

Sat. 0.01903 285.88 323.95 1.2804 0.01221 284.09 320.71 1.2098
0 0.02193 303.24 347.09 1.3684 0.01293 290.52 329.32 1.2416
20 0.02453 319.37 368.42 1.4438 0.01512 310.21 355.56 1.3344
40 0.02693 334.88 388.75 1.5109 0.01698 327.61 378.55 1.4104
60 0.02922 350.19 408.64 1.5725 0.01868 344.14 400.19 1.4773
80 0.03143 365.49 428.36 1.6300 0.02029 360.30 421.16 1.5385
100 0.03359 380.90 448.07 1.6843 0.02182 376.35 441.82 1.5954
120 0.03570 396.46 467.85 1.7359 0.02331 392.42 462.35 1.6490
140 0.03777 412.22 487.76 1.7853 0.02477 408.57 482.87 1.6999
160 0.03982 428.18 507.83 1.8327 0.02619 424.87 503.44 1.7485
180 0.04186 444.37 528.08 1.8784 0.02759 441.34 524.12 1.7952
200 0.04387 460.79 548.53 1.9226 0.02898 457.99 544.92 1.8401
220 0.04587 477.43 569.17 1.9653 0.03035 474.83 565.88 1.8835
240 0.04786 494.31 590.02 2.0068 0.03171 491.88 587.01 1.9255
260 0.04983 511.41 611.08 2.0470 0.03306 509.13 608.30 1.9662
280 0.05180 528.73 632.34 2.0862 0.03440 526.59 629.78 2.0057
300 0.05377 546.26 653.80 2.1243 0.03573 544.25 651.43 2.0442
6000 kPa (21.98◦ C) 10 000 kPa

Sat. 0.00474 261.97 290.42 1.0206 — — — —
20 — — — — 0.00117 118.12 129.80 0.4594
40 0.00670 298.62 338.82 1.1806 0.00159 184.23 200.14 0.6906
60 0.00801 322.51 370.54 1.2789 0.00345 277.63 312.11 1.0389
80 0.00908 342.74 397.21 1.3567 0.00451 312.82 357.95 1.1728
100 0.01004 361.47 421.69 1.4241 0.00530 338.20 391.24 1.2646
120 0.01092 379.47 445.02 1.4850 0.00598 360.19 419.96 1.3396
140 0.01176 397.10 467.68 1.5413 0.00658 380.54 446.38 1.4051
160 0.01257 414.56 489.97 1.5939 0.00715 399.99 471.46 1.4644
180 0.01335 431.97 512.06 1.6438 0.00768 418.94 495.73 1.5192
200 0.01411 449.40 534.04 1.6913 0.00819 437.61 519.49 1.5705
220 0.01485 466.91 556.01 1.7367 0.00868 456.12 542.91 1.6190
240 0.01558 484.52 578.00 1.7804 0.00916 474.58 566.14 1.6652
260 0.01630 502.27 600.05 1.8226 0.00962 493.03 589.26 1.7094
280 0.01701 520.15 622.19 1.8634 0.01008 511.53 612.32 1.7518
300 0.01771 538.18 644.44 1.9029 0.01053 530.11 635.37 1.7928
320 0.01840 556.37 666.80 1.9412 0.01097 548.77 658.46 1.8324

TABLE B.4
Thermodynamic Properties of R-410a
TABLE B.4.1
Saturated R-410a
−60 64.1 0.000727 0.36772 0.36845 −27.50 256.41 228.91
−55 84.0 0.000735 0.28484 0.28558 −20.70 251.89 231.19
−51.4 101.3 0.000741 0.23875 0.23949 −15.78 248.59 232.81
−50 108.7 0.000743 0.22344 0.22418 −13.88 247.31 233.43
−45 138.8 0.000752 0.17729 0.17804 −7.02 242.67 235.64
−40 175.0 0.000762 0.14215 0.14291 −0.13 237.95 237.81
−35 218.4 0.000771 0.11505 0.11582 6.80 233.14 239.94
−30 269.6 0.000781 0.09392 0.09470 13.78 228.23 242.01
−25 329.7 0.000792 0.07726 0.07805 20.82 223.21 244.03
−20 399.6 0.000803 0.06400 0.06480 27.92 218.07 245.99
−15 480.4 0.000815 0.05334 0.05416 35.08 212.79 247.88
−10 573.1 0.000827 0.04470 0.04553 42.32 207.36 249.69
−5 678.9 0.000841 0.03764 0.03848 49.65 201.75 251.41
0 798.7 0.000855 0.03182 0.03267 57.07 195.95 253.02
5 933.9 0.000870 0.02699 0.02786 64.60 189.93 254.53
10 1085.7 0.000886 0.02295 0.02383 72.24 183.66 255.90
15 1255.4 0.000904 0.01955 0.02045 80.02 177.10 257.12
20 1444.2 0.000923 0.01666 0.01758 87.94 170.21 258.16
25 1653.6 0.000944 0.01420 0.01514 96.03 162.95 258.98
30 1885.1 0.000968 0.01208 0.01305 104.32 155.24 259.56
35 2140.2 0.000995 0.01025 0.01124 112.83 147.00 259.83
40 2420.7 0.001025 0.00865 0.00967 121.61 138.11 259.72
45 2728.3 0.001060 0.00723 0.00829 130.72 128.41 259.13
50 3065.2 0.001103 0.00597 0.00707 140.27 117.63 257.90
55 3433.7 0.001156 0.00482 0.00598 150.44 105.34 255.78
60 3836.9 0.001227 0.00374 0.00497 161.57 90.70 252.27
65 4278.3 0.001338 0.00265 0.00399 174.59 71.59 246.19
70 4763.1 0.001619 0.00124 0.00286 194.53 37.47 232.01
71.3 4901.2 0 0.00000 0.00218 215.78 0 215.78


Saturated R-410a
−60 64.1 −27.45 279.96 252.51 −0.1227 1.3135 1.1907
−55 84.0 −20.64 275.83 255.19 −0.0912 1.2644 1.1732
−51.4 101.3 −15.70 272.78 257.08 −0.0688 1.2301 1.1613
−50 108.7 −13.80 271.60 257.80 −0.0603 1.2171 1.1568
−45 138.8 −6.92 267.27 260.35 −0.0299 1.1715 1.1416
−40 175.0 0.00 262.83 262.83 0.0000 1.1273 1.1273
−35 218.4 6.97 258.26 265.23 0.0294 1.0844 1.1139
−30 269.6 13.99 253.55 267.54 0.0585 1.0428 1.1012
−25 329.7 21.08 248.69 269.77 0.0871 1.0022 1.0893
−20 399.6 28.24 243.65 271.89 0.1154 0.9625 1.0779
−15 480.4 35.47 238.42 273.90 0.1435 0.9236 1.0671
−10 573.1 42.80 232.98 275.78 0.1713 0.8854 1.0567
−5 678.9 50.22 227.31 277.53 0.1989 0.8477 1.0466
0 798.7 57.76 221.37 279.12 0.2264 0.8104 1.0368
5 933.9 65.41 215.13 280.55 0.2537 0.7734 1.0272
10 1085.7 73.21 208.57 281.78 0.2810 0.7366 1.0176
15 1255.4 81.15 201.64 282.79 0.3083 0.6998 1.0081
20 1444.2 89.27 194.28 283.55 0.3357 0.6627 0.9984
25 1653.6 97.59 186.43 284.02 0.3631 0.6253 0.9884
30 1885.1 106.14 178.02 284.16 0.3908 0.5872 0.9781
35 2140.2 114.95 168.94 283.89 0.4189 0.5482 0.9671
40 2420.7 124.09 159.04 283.13 0.4473 0.5079 0.9552
45 2728.3 133.61 148.14 281.76 0.4765 0.4656 0.9421
50 3065.2 143.65 135.93 279.58 0.5067 0.4206 0.9273
55 3433.7 154.41 121.89 276.30 0.5384 0.3715 0.9099
60 3836.9 166.28 105.04 271.33 0.5729 0.3153 0.8882
65 4278.3 180.32 82.95 263.26 0.6130 0.2453 0.8583
70 4763.1 202.24 43.40 245.64 0.6752 0.1265 0.8017
71.3 4901.2 226.46 0 226.46 0.7449 0 0.7449

TABLE B.4.2
Superheated R-410a
50 kPa (−64.34◦ C) 100 kPa (−51.65◦ C)

Sat. 0.46484 226.90 250.15 1.2070 0.24247 232.70 256.94 1.1621
−60 0.47585 229.60 253.40 1.2225 — — — —
−40 0.52508 241.94 268.20 1.2888 0.25778 240.40 266.18 1.2027
−20 0.57295 254.51 283.16 1.3504 0.28289 253.44 281.73 1.2667
0 0.62016 267.52 298.53 1.4088 0.30723 266.72 297.44 1.3265
20 0.66698 281.05 314.40 1.4649 0.33116 280.42 313.54 1.3833
40 0.71355 295.15 330.83 1.5191 0.35483 294.64 330.12 1.4380
60 0.75995 309.84 347.83 1.5717 0.37833 309.40 347.24 1.4910
80 0.80623 325.11 365.43 1.6230 0.40171 324.75 364.92 1.5425
100 0.85243 340.99 383.61 1.6731 0.42500 340.67 383.17 1.5928
120 0.89857 357.46 402.38 1.7221 0.44822 357.17 401.99 1.6419
140 0.94465 374.50 421.74 1.7701 0.47140 374.25 421.39 1.6901
160 0.99070 392.12 441.65 1.8171 0.49453 391.89 441.34 1.7372
180 1.03671 410.28 462.12 1.8633 0.51764 410.07 461.84 1.7835
200 1.08270 428.98 483.11 1.9087 0.54072 428.79 482.86 1.8289
220 1.12867 448.19 504.63 1.9532 0.56378 448.02 504.40 1.8734
240 1.17462 467.90 526.63 1.9969 0.58682 467.74 526.42 1.9172
150 kPa (−43.35◦ C) 200 kPa (−37.01◦ C)

Sat. 0.16540 236.36 261.17 1.1368 0.12591 239.09 264.27 1.1192
−40 0.16851 238.72 263.99 1.1489 — — — —
−20 0.18613 252.34 280.26 1.2159 0.13771 251.18 278.72 1.1783
0 0.20289 265.90 296.33 1.2770 0.15070 265.06 295.20 1.2410
20 0.21921 279.78 312.66 1.3347 0.16322 279.13 311.78 1.2995
40 0.23525 294.12 329.40 1.3899 0.17545 293.59 328.68 1.3553
60 0.25112 308.97 346.64 1.4433 0.18750 308.53 346.03 1.4090
80 0.26686 324.37 364.40 1.4950 0.19943 324.00 363.89 1.4610
100 0.28251 340.35 382.72 1.5455 0.21127 340.02 382.28 1.5117
120 0.29810 356.89 401.60 1.5948 0.22305 356.60 401.21 1.5611
140 0.31364 374.00 421.04 1.6430 0.23477 373.74 420.70 1.6094
160 0.32915 391.66 441.03 1.6902 0.24645 391.43 440.72 1.6568
180 0.34462 409.87 461.56 1.7366 0.25810 409.66 461.28 1.7032
200 0.36006 428.60 482.61 1.7820 0.26973 428.41 482.35 1.7487
220 0.37548 447.84 504.16 1.8266 0.28134 447.67 503.93 1.7933
240 0.39089 467.58 526.21 1.8705 0.29293 467.41 526.00 1.8372
260 0.40628 487.78 548.73 1.9135 0.30450 487.63 548.53 1.8803


Superheated R-410a
300 kPa (−27.37◦ C) 400 kPa (−19.98◦ C)

Sat. 0.08548 243.08 268.72 1.0949 0.06475 246.00 271.90 1.0779
−20 0.08916 248.71 275.46 1.1219 — — — —
0 0.09845 263.33 292.87 1.1881 0.07227 261.51 290.42 1.1483
20 0.10720 277.81 309.96 1.2485 0.07916 276.44 308.10 1.2108
40 0.11564 292.53 327.22 1.3054 0.08571 291.44 325.72 1.2689
60 0.12388 307.65 344.81 1.3599 0.09207 306.75 343.58 1.3242
80 0.13200 323.25 362.85 1.4125 0.09828 322.49 361.80 1.3773
100 0.14003 339.37 381.38 1.4635 0.10440 338.72 380.48 1.4288
120 0.14798 356.03 400.43 1.5132 0.11045 355.45 399.64 1.4788
140 0.15589 373.23 420.00 1.5617 0.11645 372.72 419.30 1.5276
160 0.16376 390.97 440.10 1.6093 0.12241 390.51 439.47 1.5752
180 0.17159 409.24 460.72 1.6558 0.12834 408.82 460.16 1.6219
200 0.17940 428.03 481.85 1.7014 0.13424 427.64 481.34 1.6676
220 0.18719 447.31 503.47 1.7462 0.14012 446.96 503.01 1.7125
240 0.19496 467.09 525.58 1.7901 0.14598 466.76 525.15 1.7565
260 0.20272 487.33 548.15 1.8332 0.15182 487.03 547.76 1.7997
280 0.21046 508.02 571.16 1.8756 0.15766 507.74 570.81 1.8422
500 kPa (−13.89◦ C) 600 kPa (−8.67◦ C)

Sat. 0.05208 248.29 274.33 1.0647 0.04351 250.15 276.26 1.0540
0 0.05651 259.59 287.84 1.1155 0.04595 257.54 285.12 1.0869
20 0.06231 275.02 306.18 1.1803 0.05106 273.56 304.20 1.1543
40 0.06775 290.32 324.20 1.2398 0.05576 289.19 322.64 1.2152
60 0.07297 305.84 342.32 1.2959 0.06023 304.91 341.05 1.2722
80 0.07804 321.72 360.74 1.3496 0.06455 320.94 359.67 1.3265
100 0.08302 338.05 379.56 1.4014 0.06877 337.38 378.65 1.3787
120 0.08793 354.87 398.84 1.4517 0.07292 354.29 398.04 1.4294
140 0.09279 372.20 418.60 1.5007 0.07701 371.68 417.89 1.4786
160 0.09760 390.05 438.85 1.5486 0.08106 389.58 438.22 1.5266
180 0.10238 408.40 459.59 1.5954 0.08508 407.98 459.03 1.5736
200 0.10714 427.26 480.83 1.6413 0.08907 426.88 480.32 1.6196
220 0.11187 446.61 502.55 1.6862 0.09304 446.26 502.08 1.6646
240 0.11659 466.44 524.73 1.7303 0.09700 466.11 524.31 1.7088
260 0.12129 486.73 547.37 1.7736 0.10093 486.42 546.98 1.7521
280 0.12598 507.46 570.45 1.8161 0.10486 507.18 570.09 1.7947
300 0.13066 528.62 593.95 1.8578 0.10877 528.36 593.62 1.8365


Superheated R-410a
800 kPa (0.05◦ C) 1000 kPa (7.25◦ C)

Sat. 0.03262 253.04 279.14 1.0367 0.02596 255.16 281.12 1.0229
20 0.03693 270.47 300.02 1.1105 0.02838 267.11 295.49 1.0730
40 0.04074 286.83 319.42 1.1746 0.03170 284.35 316.05 1.1409
60 0.04429 303.01 338.44 1.2334 0.03470 301.04 335.75 1.2019
80 0.04767 319.36 357.49 1.2890 0.03753 317.73 355.27 1.2588
100 0.05095 336.03 376.79 1.3421 0.04025 334.65 374.89 1.3128
120 0.05415 353.11 396.42 1.3934 0.04288 351.91 394.79 1.3648
140 0.05729 370.64 416.47 1.4431 0.04545 369.58 415.04 1.4150
160 0.06039 388.65 436.96 1.4915 0.04798 387.70 435.68 1.4638
180 0.06345 407.13 457.90 1.5388 0.05048 406.28 456.76 1.5113
200 0.06649 426.10 479.30 1.5850 0.05294 425.33 478.27 1.5578
220 0.06951 445.55 501.15 1.6302 0.05539 444.84 500.23 1.6032
240 0.07251 465.46 523.46 1.6746 0.05781 464.80 522.62 1.6477
260 0.07549 485.82 546.21 1.7181 0.06023 485.21 545.43 1.6914
280 0.07846 506.61 569.38 1.7607 0.06262 506.05 568.67 1.7341
300 0.08142 527.83 592.97 1.8026 0.06501 527.30 592.31 1.7761
1200 kPa (13.43◦ C) 1400 kPa (18.88◦ C)

Sat. 0.02145 256.75 282.50 1.0111 0.01819 257.94 283.40 1.0006
20 0.02260 263.39 290.51 1.0388 0.01838 259.18 284.90 1.0057
40 0.02563 281.72 312.48 1.1113 0.02127 278.93 308.71 1.0843
60 0.02830 299.00 332.96 1.1747 0.02371 296.88 330.07 1.1505
80 0.03077 316.06 352.98 1.2331 0.02593 314.35 350.64 1.2105
100 0.03311 333.24 372.97 1.2881 0.02801 331.80 371.01 1.2666
120 0.03537 350.69 393.13 1.3408 0.03000 349.46 391.46 1.3199
140 0.03756 368.51 413.59 1.3915 0.03192 367.43 412.13 1.3712
160 0.03971 386.75 434.40 1.4407 0.03380 385.79 433.12 1.4208
180 0.04183 405.43 455.62 1.4886 0.03565 404.56 454.47 1.4690
200 0.04391 424.55 477.24 1.5353 0.03746 423.77 476.21 1.5160
220 0.04597 444.12 499.29 1.5809 0.03925 443.41 498.36 1.5618
240 0.04802 464.14 521.77 1.6256 0.04102 463.49 520.92 1.6066
260 0.05005 484.60 544.66 1.6693 0.04278 483.99 543.88 1.6505
280 0.05207 505.48 567.96 1.7122 0.04452 504.91 567.25 1.6936
300 0.05407 526.77 591.66 1.7543 0.04626 526.25 591.01 1.7358
320 0.05607 548.47 615.75 1.7956 0.04798 547.97 615.14 1.7772


Superheated R-410a
1800 kPa (28.22◦ C) 2000 kPa (32.31◦ C)

Sat. 0.01376 259.38 284.15 0.9818 0.01218 259.72 284.09 0.9731
40 0.01534 272.67 300.29 1.0344 0.01321 269.07 295.49 1.0099
60 0.01754 292.34 323.92 1.1076 0.01536 289.90 320.62 1.0878
80 0.01945 310.76 345.77 1.1713 0.01717 308.88 343.22 1.1537
100 0.02119 328.84 366.98 1.2297 0.01880 327.30 364.91 1.2134
120 0.02283 346.93 388.03 1.2847 0.02032 345.64 386.29 1.2693
140 0.02441 365.24 409.17 1.3371 0.02177 364.12 407.66 1.3223
160 0.02593 383.85 430.51 1.3875 0.02317 382.86 429.20 1.3732
180 0.02741 402.82 452.16 1.4364 0.02452 401.94 450.99 1.4224
200 0.02886 422.19 474.14 1.4839 0.02585 421.40 473.10 1.4701
220 0.03029 441.97 496.49 1.5301 0.02715 441.25 495.55 1.5166
240 0.03170 462.16 519.22 1.5753 0.02844 461.50 518.37 1.5619
260 0.03309 482.77 542.34 1.6195 0.02970 482.16 541.56 1.6063
280 0.03447 503.78 565.83 1.6627 0.03095 503.21 565.12 1.6497
300 0.03584 525.19 589.70 1.7051 0.03220 524.66 589.05 1.6922
320 0.03720 546.98 613.94 1.7467 0.03343 546.49 613.35 1.7338
340 0.03855 569.15 638.54 1.7875 0.03465 568.69 637.99 1.7747
3000 kPa (49.07◦ C) 4000 kPa (61.90◦ C)

Sat. 0.00729 258.19 280.06 0.9303 0.00460 250.37 268.76 0.8782
60 0.00858 274.96 300.70 0.9933 — — — —
80 0.01025 298.38 329.12 1.0762 0.00661 285.02 311.48 1.0028
100 0.01159 319.07 353.84 1.1443 0.00792 309.62 341.29 1.0850
120 0.01277 338.84 377.16 1.2052 0.00897 331.39 367.29 1.1529
140 0.01387 358.32 399.92 1.2617 0.00990 352.14 391.75 1.2136
160 0.01489 377.80 422.49 1.3150 0.01076 372.51 415.53 1.2698
180 0.01588 397.46 445.09 1.3661 0.01156 392.82 439.05 1.3229
200 0.01683 417.37 467.85 1.4152 0.01232 413.25 462.52 1.3736
220 0.01775 437.60 490.84 1.4628 0.01305 433.88 486.10 1.4224
240 0.01865 458.16 514.11 1.5091 0.01377 454.79 509.85 1.4696
260 0.01954 479.08 537.69 1.5541 0.01446 475.99 533.83 1.5155
280 0.02041 500.37 561.59 1.5981 0.01514 497.51 558.08 1.5601
300 0.02127 522.01 585.81 1.6411 0.01581 519.37 582.60 1.6037
320 0.02212 544.02 610.37 1.6833 0.01647 541.55 607.42 1.6462
340 0.02296 566.37 635.25 1.7245 0.01712 564.06 632.54 1.6879
360 0.02379 589.07 660.45 1.7650 0.01776 586.90 657.95 1.7286

TABLE B.5
Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a
TABLE B.5.1
Saturated R-134a
−70 8.3 0.000675 1.97207 1.97274 119.46 218.74 338.20
−65 11.7 0.000679 1.42915 1.42983 123.18 217.76 340.94
−60 16.3 0.000684 1.05199 1.05268 127.52 216.19 343.71
−55 22.2 0.000689 0.78609 0.78678 132.36 214.14 346.50
−50 29.9 0.000695 0.59587 0.59657 137.60 211.71 349.31
−45 39.6 0.000701 0.45783 0.45853 143.15 208.99 352.15
−40 51.8 0.000708 0.35625 0.35696 148.95 206.05 355.00
−35 66.8 0.000715 0.28051 0.28122 154.93 202.93 357.86
−30 85.1 0.000722 0.22330 0.22402 161.06 199.67 360.73
−26.3 101.3 0.000728 0.18947 0.19020 165.73 197.16 362.89
−25 107.2 0.000730 0.17957 0.18030 167.30 196.31 363.61
−20 133.7 0.000738 0.14576 0.14649 173.65 192.85 366.50
−15 165.0 0.000746 0.11932 0.12007 180.07 189.32 369.39
−10 201.7 0.000755 0.09845 0.09921 186.57 185.70 372.27
−5 244.5 0.000764 0.08181 0.08257 193.14 182.01 375.15
0 294.0 0.000773 0.06842 0.06919 199.77 178.24 378.01
5 350.9 0.000783 0.05755 0.05833 206.48 174.38 380.85
10 415.8 0.000794 0.04866 0.04945 213.25 170.42 383.67
15 489.5 0.000805 0.04133 0.04213 220.10 166.35 386.45
20 572.8 0.000817 0.03524 0.03606 227.03 162.16 389.19
25 666.3 0.000829 0.03015 0.03098 234.04 157.83 391.87
30 771.0 0.000843 0.02587 0.02671 241.14 153.34 394.48
35 887.6 0.000857 0.02224 0.02310 248.34 148.68 397.02
40 1017.0 0.000873 0.01915 0.02002 255.65 143.81 399.46
45 1160.2 0.000890 0.01650 0.01739 263.08 138.71 401.79
50 1318.1 0.000908 0.01422 0.01512 270.63 133.35 403.98
55 1491.6 0.000928 0.01224 0.01316 278.33 127.68 406.01
60 1681.8 0.000951 0.01051 0.01146 286.19 121.66 407.85
65 1889.9 0.000976 0.00899 0.00997 294.24 115.22 409.46
70 2117.0 0.001005 0.00765 0.00866 302.51 108.27 410.78
75 2364.4 0.001038 0.00645 0.00749 311.06 100.68 411.74
80 2633.6 0.001078 0.00537 0.00645 319.96 92.26 412.22
85 2926.2 0.001128 0.00437 0.00550 329.35 82.67 412.01
90 3244.5 0.001195 0.00341 0.00461 339.51 71.24 410.75
95 3591.5 0.001297 0.00243 0.00373 351.17 56.25 407.42
100 3973.2 0.001557 0.00108 0.00264 368.55 28.19 396.74
101.2 4064.0 0.001969 0 0.00197 382.97 0 382.97


Saturated R-134a
Enthalpy, kJ/kg Entropy, kJ/k-K
−70 8.3 119.47 235.15 354.62 0.6645 1.1575 1.8220
−65 11.7 123.18 234.55 357.73 0.6825 1.1268 1.8094
−60 16.3 127.53 233.33 360.86 0.7031 1.0947 1.7978
−55 22.2 132.37 231.63 364.00 0.7256 1.0618 1.7874
−50 29.9 137.62 229.54 367.16 0.7493 1.0286 1.7780
−45 39.6 143.18 227.14 370.32 0.7740 0.9956 1.7695
−40 51.8 148.98 224.50 373.48 0.7991 0.9629 1.7620
−35 66.8 154.98 221.67 376.64 0.8245 0.9308 1.7553
−30 85.1 161.12 218.68 379.80 0.8499 0.8994 1.7493
−26.3 101.3 165.80 216.36 382.16 0.8690 0.8763 1.7453
−25 107.2 167.38 215.57 382.95 0.8754 0.8687 1.7441
−20 133.7 173.74 212.34 386.08 0.9007 0.8388 1.7395
−15 165.0 180.19 209.00 389.20 0.9258 0.8096 1.7354
−10 201.7 186.72 205.56 392.28 0.9507 0.7812 1.7319
−5 244.5 193.32 202.02 395.34 0.9755 0.7534 1.7288
0 294.0 200.00 198.36 398.36 1.0000 0.7262 1.7262
5 350.9 206.75 194.57 401.32 1.0243 0.6995 1.7239
10 415.8 213.58 190.65 404.23 1.0485 0.6733 1.7218
15 489.5 220.49 186.58 407.07 1.0725 0.6475 1.7200
20 572.8 227.49 182.35 409.84 1.0963 0.6220 1.7183
25 666.3 234.59 177.92 412.51 1.1201 0.5967 1.7168
30 771.0 241.79 173.29 415.08 1.1437 0.5716 1.7153
35 887.6 249.10 168.42 417.52 1.1673 0.5465 1.7139
40 1017.0 256.54 163.28 419.82 1.1909 0.5214 1.7123
45 1160.2 264.11 157.85 421.96 1.2145 0.4962 1.7106
50 1318.1 271.83 152.08 423.91 1.2381 0.4706 1.7088
55 1491.6 279.72 145.93 425.65 1.2619 0.4447 1.7066
60 1681.8 287.79 139.33 427.13 1.2857 0.4182 1.7040
65 1889.9 296.09 132.21 428.30 1.3099 0.3910 1.7008
70 2117.0 304.64 124.47 429.11 1.3343 0.3627 1.6970
75 2364.4 313.51 115.94 429.45 1.3592 0.3330 1.6923
80 2633.6 322.79 106.40 429.19 1.3849 0.3013 1.6862
85 2926.2 332.65 95.45 428.10 1.4117 0.2665 1.6782
90 3244.5 343.38 82.31 425.70 1.4404 0.2267 1.6671
95 3591.5 355.83 64.98 420.81 1.4733 0.1765 1.6498
100 3973.2 374.74 32.47 407.21 1.5228 0.0870 1.6098
101.2 4064.0 390.98 0 390.98 1.5658 0 1.5658

TABLE B.5.2
Superheated R-134a
(◦ C) (m3 /kg ) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (m3 /kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
50 kPa (−40.67◦ C) 100 kPa (−26.54◦ C)
Sat. 0.36889 354.61 373.06 1.7629 0.19257 362.73 381.98 1.7456
−20 0.40507 368.57 388.82 1.8279 0.19860 367.36 387.22 1.7665
−10 0.42222 375.53 396.64 1.8582 0.20765 374.51 395.27 1.7978
0 0.43921 382.63 404.59 1.8878 0.21652 381.76 403.41 1.8281
10 0.45608 389.90 412.70 1.9170 0.22527 389.14 411.67 1.8578
20 0.47287 397.32 420.96 1.9456 0.23392 396.66 420.05 1.8869
30 0.48958 404.90 429.38 1.9739 0.24250 404.31 428.56 1.9155
40 0.50623 412.64 437.96 2.0017 0.25101 412.12 437.22 1.9436
50 0.52284 420.55 446.70 2.0292 0.25948 420.08 446.03 1.9712
60 0.53941 428.63 455.60 2.0563 0.26791 428.20 454.99 1.9985
70 0.55595 436.86 464.66 2.0831 0.27631 436.47 464.10 2.0255
80 0.57247 445.26 473.88 2.1096 0.28468 444.89 473.36 2.0521
90 0.58896 453.82 483.26 2.1358 0.29302 453.47 482.78 2.0784
100 0.60544 462.53 492.81 2.1617 0.30135 462.21 492.35 2.1044
110 0.62190 471.41 502.50 2.1874 0.30967 471.11 502.07 2.1301
120 0.63835 480.44 512.36 2.2128 0.31797 480.16 511.95 2.1555
130 0.65479 489.63 522.37 2.2379 0.32626 489.36 521.98 2.1807
150 kPa (−17.29◦ C) 200 kPa (−10.22◦ C)

Sat. 0.13139 368.06 387.77 1.7372 0.10002 372.15 392.15 1.7320
−10 0.13602 373.44 393.84 1.7606 0.10013 372.31 392.34 1.7328
0 0.14222 380.85 402.19 1.7917 0.10501 379.91 400.91 1.7647
10 0.14828 388.36 410.60 1.8220 0.10974 387.55 409.50 1.7956
20 0.15424 395.98 419.11 1.8515 0.11436 395.27 418.15 1.8256
30 0.16011 403.71 427.73 1.8804 0.11889 403.10 426.87 1.8549
40 0.16592 411.59 436.47 1.9088 0.12335 411.04 435.71 1.8836
50 0.17168 419.60 445.35 1.9367 0.12776 419.11 444.66 1.9117
60 0.17740 427.76 454.37 1.9642 0.13213 427.31 453.74 1.9394
70 0.18308 436.06 463.53 1.9913 0.13646 435.65 462.95 1.9666
80 0.18874 444.52 472.83 2.0180 0.14076 444.14 472.30 1.9935
90 0.19437 453.13 482.28 2.0444 0.14504 452.78 481.79 2.0200
100 0.19999 461.89 491.89 2.0705 0.14930 461.56 491.42 2.0461
110 0.20559 470.80 501.64 2.0963 0.15355 470.50 501.21 2.0720
120 0.21117 479.87 511.54 2.1218 0.15777 479.58 511.13 2.0976
130 0.21675 489.08 521.60 2.1470 0.16199 488.81 521.21 2.1229
140 0.22231 498.45 531.80 2.1720 0.16620 498.19 531.43 2.1479


Superheated R-134a
300 kPa (0.56◦ C) 400 kPa (8.84◦ C)
Sat. 0.06787 378.33 398.69 1.7259 0.05136 383.02 403.56 1.7223
10 0.07111 385.84 407.17 1.7564 0.05168 383.98 404.65 1.7261
20 0.07441 393.80 416.12 1.7874 0.05436 392.22 413.97 1.7584
30 0.07762 401.81 425.10 1.8175 0.05693 400.45 423.22 1.7895
40 0.08075 409.90 434.12 1.8468 0.05940 408.70 432.46 1.8195
50 0.08382 418.09 443.23 1.8755 0.06181 417.03 441.75 1.8487
60 0.08684 426.39 452.44 1.9035 0.06417 425.44 451.10 1.8772
70 0.08982 434.82 461.76 1.9311 0.06648 433.95 460.55 1.9051
80 0.09277 443.37 471.21 1.9582 0.06877 442.58 470.09 1.9325
90 0.09570 452.07 480.78 1.9850 0.07102 451.34 479.75 1.9595
100 0.09861 460.90 490.48 2.0113 0.07325 460.22 489.52 1.9860
110 0.10150 469.87 500.32 2.0373 0.07547 469.24 499.43 2.0122
120 0.10437 478.99 510.30 2.0631 0.07767 478.40 509.46 2.0381
130 0.10723 488.26 520.43 2.0885 0.07985 487.69 519.63 2.0636
140 0.11008 497.66 530.69 2.1136 0.08202 497.13 529.94 2.0889
150 0.11292 507.22 541.09 2.1385 0.08418 506.71 540.38 2.1139
160 0.11575 516.91 551.64 2.1631 0.08634 516.43 550.97 2.1386
500 kPa (15.66◦ C) 600 kPa (21.52◦ C)
Sat. 0.04126 386.82 407.45 1.7198 0.03442 390.01 410.66 1.7179

20 0.04226 390.52 411.65 1.7342 — — — —
30 0.04446 398.99 421.22 1.7663 0.03609 397.44 419.09 1.7461
40 0.04656 407.44 430.72 1.7971 0.03796 406.11 428.88 1.7779
50 0.04858 415.91 440.20 1.8270 0.03974 414.75 438.59 1.8084
60 0.05055 424.44 449.72 1.8560 0.04145 423.41 448.28 1.8379
70 0.05247 433.06 459.29 1.8843 0.04311 432.13 457.99 1.8666
80 0.05435 441.77 468.94 1.9120 0.04473 440.93 467.76 1.8947
90 0.05620 450.59 478.69 1.9392 0.04632 449.82 477.61 1.9222
100 0.05804 459.53 488.55 1.9660 0.04788 458.82 487.55 1.9492
110 0.05985 468.60 498.52 1.9924 0.04943 467.94 497.59 1.9758
120 0.06164 477.79 508.61 2.0184 0.05095 477.18 507.75 2.0019
130 0.06342 487.13 518.83 2.0440 0.05246 486.55 518.03 2.0277
140 0.06518 496.59 529.19 2.0694 0.05396 496.05 528.43 2.0532
150 0.06694 506.20 539.67 2.0945 0.05544 505.69 538.95 2.0784
160 0.06869 515.95 550.29 2.1193 0.05692 515.46 549.61 2.1033
170 0.07043 525.83 561.04 2.1438 0.05839 525.36 560.40 2.1279


Superheated R-134a
800 kPa (31.30◦ C) 1000 kPa (39.37◦ C)
Sat. 0.02571 395.15 415.72 1.7150 0.02038 399.16 419.54 1.7125
40 0.02711 403.17 424.86 1.7446 0.02047 399.78 420.25 1.7148
50 0.02861 412.23 435.11 1.7768 0.02185 409.39 431.24 1.7494
60 0.03002 421.20 445.22 1.8076 0.02311 418.78 441.89 1.7818
70 0.03137 430.17 455.27 1.8373 0.02429 428.05 452.34 1.8127
80 0.03268 439.17 465.31 1.8662 0.02542 437.29 462.70 1.8425
90 0.03394 448.22 475.38 1.8943 0.02650 446.53 473.03 1.8713
100 0.03518 457.35 485.50 1.9218 0.02754 455.82 483.36 1.8994
110 0.03639 466.58 495.70 1.9487 0.02856 465.18 493.74 1.9268
120 0.03758 475.92 505.99 1.9753 0.02956 474.62 504.17 1.9537
130 0.03876 485.37 516.38 2.0014 0.03053 484.16 514.69 1.9801
140 0.03992 494.94 526.88 2.0271 0.03150 493.81 525.30 2.0061
150 0.04107 504.64 537.50 2.0525 0.03244 503.57 536.02 2.0318
160 0.04221 514.46 548.23 2.0775 0.03338 513.46 546.84 2.0570
170 0.04334 524.42 559.09 2.1023 0.03431 523.46 557.77 2.0820
180 0.04446 534.51 570.08 2.1268 0.03523 533.60 568.83 2.1067
1200 kPa (46.31◦ C) 1400 kPa (52.42◦ C)
Sat. 0.01676 402.37 422.49 1.7102 0.01414 404.98 424.78 1.7077

50 0.01724 406.15 426.84 1.7237 — — — —
60 0.01844 416.08 438.21 1.7584 0.01503 413.03 434.08 1.7360
70 0.01953 425.74 449.18 1.7908 0.01608 423.20 445.72 1.7704
80 0.02055 435.27 459.92 1.8217 0.01704 433.09 456.94 1.8026
90 0.02151 444.74 470.55 1.8514 0.01793 442.83 467.93 1.8333
100 0.02244 454.20 481.13 1.8801 0.01878 452.50 478.79 1.8628
110 0.02333 463.71 491.70 1.9081 0.01958 462.17 489.59 1.8914
120 0.02420 473.27 502.31 1.9354 0.02036 471.87 500.38 1.9192
130 0.02504 482.91 512.97 1.9621 0.02112 481.63 511.19 1.9463
140 0.02587 492.65 523.70 1.9884 0.02186 491.46 522.05 1.9730
150 0.02669 502.48 534.51 2.0143 0.02258 501.37 532.98 1.9991
160 0.02750 512.43 545.43 2.0398 0.02329 511.39 543.99 2.0248
170 0.02829 522.50 556.44 2.0649 0.02399 521.51 555.10 2.0502
180 0.02907 532.68 567.57 2.0898 0.02468 531.75 566.30 2.0752


Superheated R-134a
1600 kPa (57.90◦ C) 2000 kPa (67.48◦ C)
Sat. 0.01215 407.11 426.54 1.7051 0.00930 410.15 428.75 1.6991
60 0.01239 409.49 429.32 1.7135 — — — —
70 0.01345 420.37 441.89 1.7507 0.00958 413.37 432.53 1.7101
80 0.01438 430.72 453.72 1.7847 0.01055 425.20 446.30 1.7497
90 0.01522 440.79 465.15 1.8166 0.01137 436.20 458.95 1.7850
100 0.01601 450.71 476.33 1.8469 0.01211 446.78 471.00 1.8177
110 0.01676 460.57 487.39 1.8762 0.01279 457.12 482.69 1.8487
120 0.01748 470.42 498.39 1.9045 0.01342 467.34 494.19 1.8783
130 0.01817 480.30 509.37 1.9321 0.01403 477.51 505.57 1.9069
140 0.01884 490.23 520.38 1.9591 0.01461 487.68 516.90 1.9346
150 0.01949 500.24 531.43 1.9855 0.01517 497.89 528.22 1.9617
160 0.02013 510.33 542.54 2.0115 0.01571 508.15 539.57 1.9882
170 0.02076 520.52 553.73 2.0370 0.01624 518.48 550.96 2.0142
180 0.02138 530.81 565.02 2.0622 0.01676 528.89 562.42 2.0398
3000 kPa (86.20◦ C) 4000 kPa (100.33◦ C)
Sat. 0.00528 411.83 427.67 1.6759 0.00252 394.86 404.94 1.6036

90 0.00575 418.93 436.19 1.6995 — — — —
100 0.00665 433.77 453.73 1.7472 — — — —
110 0.00734 446.48 468.50 1.7862 0.00428 429.74 446.84 1.7148
120 0.00792 458.27 482.04 1.8211 0.00500 445.97 465.99 1.7642
130 0.00845 469.58 494.91 1.8535 0.00556 459.63 481.87 1.8040
140 0.00893 480.61 507.39 1.8840 0.00603 472.19 496.29 1.8394
150 0.00937 491.49 519.62 1.9133 0.00644 484.15 509.92 1.8720
160 0.00980 502.30 531.70 1.9415 0.00683 495.77 523.07 1.9027
170 0.01021 513.09 543.71 1.9689 0.00718 507.19 535.92 1.9320
180 0.01060 523.89 555.69 1.9956 0.00752 518.51 548.57 1.9603
6000 kPa l0000 kPa
90 0.001059 328.34 334.70 1.4081 0.000991 320.72 330.62 1.3856

100 0.001150 346.71 353.61 1.4595 0.001040 336.45 346.85 1.4297
110 0.001307 368.06 375.90 1.5184 0.001100 352.74 363.73 1.4744
120 0.001698 396.59 406.78 1.5979 0.001175 369.69 381.44 1.5200
130 0.002396 426.81 441.18 1.6843 0.001272 387.44 400.16 1.5670
140 0.002985 448.34 466.25 1.7458 0.001400 405.97 419.98 1.6155
150 0.003439 465.19 485.82 1.7926 0.001564 424.99 440.63 1.6649
160 0.003814 479.89 502.77 1.8322 0.001758 443.77 461.34 1.7133
170 0.004141 493.45 518.30 1.8676 0.001965 461.65 481.30 1.7589
180 0.004435 506.35 532.96 1.9004 0.002172 478.40 500.12 1.8009

TABLE B.6
Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen
TABLE B.6.1
Saturated Nitrogen
(K) (kPa) vf u fg vg uf u fg ug
63.1 12.5 0.001150 1.48074 1.48189 −150.92 196.86 45.94
65 17.4 0.001160 1.09231 1.09347 −147.19 194.37 47.17
70 38.6 0.001191 0.52513 0.52632 −137.13 187.54 50.40
75 76.1 0.001223 0.28052 0.28174 −127.04 180.47 53.43
77.3 101.3 0.001240 0.21515 0.21639 −122.27 177.04 54.76
80 137.0 0.001259 0.16249 0.16375 −116.86 173.06 56.20
85 229.1 0.001299 0.10018 0.10148 −106.55 165.20 58.65
90 360.8 0.001343 0.06477 0.06611 −96.06 156.76 60.70
95 541.1 0.001393 0.04337 0.04476 −85.35 147.60 62.25
100 779.2 0.001452 0.02975 0.03120 −74.33 137.50 63.17
105 1084.6 0.001522 0.02066 0.02218 −62.89 126.18 63.29
110 1467.6 0.001610 0.01434 0.01595 −50.81 113.11 62.31
115 1939.3 0.001729 0.00971 0.01144 −37.66 97.36 59.70
120 2513.0 0.001915 0.00608 0.00799 −22.42 76.63 54.21
125 3208.0 0.002355 0.00254 0.00490 −0.83 40.73 39.90
126.2 3397.8 0.003194 0 0.00319 18.94 0 18.94
(K) (kPa) hf h fg hg sf s fg sg
63.1 12.5 −150.91 215.39 64.48 2.4234 3.4109 5.8343

65 17.4 −147.17 213.38 66.21 2.4816 3.2828 5.7645
70 38.6 −137.09 207.79 70.70 2.6307 2.9684 5.5991
75 76.1 −126.95 201.82 74.87 2.7700 2.6909 5.4609
77.3 101.3 −122.15 198.84 76.69 2.8326 2.5707 5.4033
80 137.0 −116.69 195.32 78.63 2.9014 2.4415 5.3429
85 229.1 −106.25 188.15 81.90 3.0266 2.2135 5.2401
90 360.8 −95.58 180.13 84.55 3.1466 2.0015 5.1480
95 541.1 −84.59 171.07 86.47 3.2627 1.8007 5.0634
100 779.2 −73.20 160.68 87.48 3.3761 1.6068 4.9829
105 1084.6 −61.24 148.59 87.35 3.4883 1.4151 4.9034
110 1467.6 −48.45 134.15 85.71 3.6017 1.2196 4.8213
115 1939.3 −34.31 116.19 81.88 3.7204 1.0104 4.7307
120 2513.0 −17.61 91.91 74.30 3.8536 0.7659 4.6195
125 3208.0 6.73 48.88 55.60 4.0399 0.3910 4.4309
126.2 3397.8 29.79 0 29.79 4.2193 0 4.2193

TABLE B.6.2
Superheated Nitrogen
(K) (m3 /kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (m3 /kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
100 kPa (77.24 K) 200 kPa (83.62 K)
Sat. 0.21903 54.70 76.61 5.4059 0.11520 58.01 81.05 5.2673
100 0.29103 72.84 101.94 5.6944 0.14252 71.73 100.24 5.4775
120 0.35208 87.94 123.15 5.8878 0.17397 87.14 121.93 5.6753
140 0.41253 102.95 144.20 6.0501 0.20476 102.33 143.28 5.8399
160 0.47263 117.91 165.17 6.1901 0.23519 117.40 164.44 5.9812
180 0.53254 132.83 186.09 6.3132 0.26542 132.41 185.49 6.1052
200 0.59231 147.74 206.97 6.4232 0.29551 147.37 206.48 6.2157
220 0.65199 162.63 227.83 6.5227 0.32552 162.31 227.41 6.3155
240 0.71161 177.51 248.67 6.6133 0.35546 177.23 248.32 6.4064
260 0.77118 192.39 269.51 6.6967 0.38535 192.14 269.21 6.4900
280 0.83072 207.26 290.33 6.7739 0.41520 207.04 290.08 6.5674
300 0.89023 222.14 311.16 6.8457 0.44503 221.93 310.94 6.6393
350 1.03891 259.35 363.24 7.0063 0.51952 259.18 363.09 6.8001
400 1.18752 296.66 415.41 7.1456 0.59392 296.52 415.31 6.9396
450 1.33607 334.16 467.77 7.2690 0.66827 334.04 467.70 7.0630
500 1.48458 371.95 520.41 7.3799 0.74258 371.85 520.37 7.1740
600 1.78154 448.79 626.94 7.5741 0.89114 448.71 626.94 7.3682
700 2.07845 527.74 735.58 7.7415 1.03965 527.68 735.61 7.5357
800 2.37532 609.07 846.60 7.8897 1.18812 609.02 846.64 7.6839
900 2.67217 692.79 960.01 8.0232 1.33657 692.75 960.07 7.8175
1000 2.96900 778.78 1075.68 8.1451 1.48501 778.74 1075.75 7.9393


400 kPa (91.22 K) 600 kPa (96.37 K)
Sat. 0.05992 61.13 85.10 5.1268 0.04046 62.57 86.85 5.0411
100 0.06806 69.30 96.52 5.2466 0.04299 66.41 92.20 5.0957
120 0.08486 85.48 119.42 5.4556 0.05510 83.73 116.79 5.3204
140 0.10085 101.06 141.40 5.6250 0.06620 99.75 139.47 5.4953
160 0.11647 116.38 162.96 5.7690 0.07689 115.34 161.47 5.6422
180 0.13186 131.55 184.30 5.8947 0.08734 130.69 183.10 5.7696
200 0.14712 146.64 205.49 6.0063 0.09766 145.91 204.50 5.8823
220 0.16228 161.68 226.59 6.1069 0.10788 161.04 225.76 5.9837
240 0.17738 176.67 247.62 6.1984 0.11803 176.11 246.92 6.0757
260 0.19243 191.64 268.61 6.2824 0.12813 191.13 268.01 6.1601
280 0.20745 206.58 289.56 6.3600 0.13820 206.13 289.05 6.2381
300 0.22244 221.52 310.50 6.4322 0.14824 221.11 310.06 6.3105
350 0.25982 258.85 362.78 6.5934 0.17326 258.52 362.48 6.4722
400 0.29712 296.25 415.10 6.7331 0.19819 295.97 414.89 6.6121
450 0.33437 333.81 467.56 6.8567 0.22308 333.57 467.42 6.7359
500 0.37159 371.65 520.28 6.9678 0.24792 371.45 520.20 6.8471
600 0.44595 448.55 626.93 7.1622 0.29755 448.40 626.93 7.0416
700 0.52025 527.55 735.65 7.3298 0.34712 527.43 735.70 7.2093
800 0.59453 608.92 846.73 7.4781 0.39666 608.82 846.82 7.3576
900 0.66878 692.67 960.19 7.6117 0.44618 692.59 960.30 7.4912
1000 0.74302 778.68 1075.89 7.7335 0.49568 778.61 1076.02 7.6131
800 kPa (100.38 K) 1000 kPa (103.73 K)

Sat. 0.03038 63.21 87.52 4.9768 0.02416 63.35 87.51 4.9237
120 0.04017 81.88 114.02 5.2191 0.03117 79.91 111.08 5.1357
140 0.04886 98.41 137.50 5.4002 0.03845 97.02 135.47 5.3239
160 0.05710 114.28 159.95 5.5501 0.04522 113.20 158.42 5.4772
180 0.06509 129.82 181.89 5.6793 0.05173 128.94 180.67 5.6082
200 0.07293 145.17 203.51 5.7933 0.05809 144.43 202.52 5.7234
220 0.08067 160.40 224.94 5.8954 0.06436 159.76 224.11 5.8263
240 0.08835 175.54 246.23 5.9880 0.07055 174.98 245.53 5.9194
260 0.09599 190.63 267.42 6.0728 0.07670 190.13 266.83 6.0047
280 0.10358 205.68 288.54 6.1511 0.08281 205.23 288.04 6.0833
300 0.11115 220.70 309.62 6.2238 0.08889 220.29 309.18 6.1562
350 0.12998 258.19 362.17 6.3858 0.10401 257.86 361.87 6.3187
400 0.14873 295.69 414.68 6.5260 0.11905 295.42 414.47 6.4591
500 0.18609 371.25 520.12 6.7613 0.14899 371.04 520.04 6.6947
600 0.22335 448.24 626.93 6.9560 0.17883 448.09 626.92 6.8895
700 0.26056 527.31 735.76 7.1237 0.20862 527.19 735.81 7.0573
800 0.29773 608.73 846.91 7.2721 0.23837 608.63 847.00 7.2057
900 0.33488 692.52 960.42 7.4058 0.26810 692.44 960.54 7.3394
1000 0.37202 778.55 1076.16 7.5277 0.29782 778.49 1076.30 7.4614


1500 kPa (110.38 K) 2000 kPa (115.58 K)

Sat. 0.01555 62.17 85.51 4.8148 0.01100 59.25 81.25 4.7193
120 0.01899 74.26 102.75 4.9650 0.01260 66.90 92.10 4.8116
140 0.02452 93.36 130.15 5.1767 0.01752 89.37 124.40 5.0618
160 0.02937 110.44 154.50 5.3394 0.02144 107.55 150.43 5.2358
180 0.03393 126.71 177.60 5.4755 0.02503 124.42 174.48 5.3775
200 0.03832 142.56 200.03 5.5937 0.02844 140.66 197.53 5.4989
220 0.04260 158.14 222.05 5.6987 0.03174 156.52 219.99 5.6060
240 0.04682 173.57 243.80 5.7933 0.03496 172.15 242.08 5.7021
260 0.05099 188.87 265.36 5.8796 0.03814 187.62 263.90 5.7894
280 0.05512 204.10 286.78 5.9590 0.04128 202.97 285.53 5.8696
300 0.05922 219.27 308.10 6.0325 0.04440 218.24 307.03 5.9438
350 0.06940 257.03 361.13 6.1960 0.05209 256.21 360.39 6.1083
400 0.07949 294.73 413.96 6.3371 0.05971 294.05 413.47 6.2500
450 0.08953 332.53 466.82 6.4616 0.06727 331.95 466.49 6.3750
500 0.09953 370.54 519.84 6.5733 0.07480 370.05 519.65 6.4870
600 0.11948 447.71 626.92 6.7685 0.08980 447.33 626.93 6.6825
700 0.13937 526.89 735.94 6.9365 0.10474 526.59 736.07 6.8507
800 0.15923 608.39 847.22 7.0851 0.11965 608.14 847.45 6.9994
900 0.17906 692.24 960.83 7.2189 0.13454 692.04 961.13 7.1333
1000 0.19889 778.32 1076.65 7.3409 0.14942 778.16 1077.01 7.2553
3000 kPa (123.61 K) 10000 kPa

Sat. 0.00582 46.03 63.47 4.5032 — — — —
140 0.01038 79.98 111.13 4.8706 0.00200 0.84 20.87 4.0373
160 0.01350 101.35 141.85 5.0763 0.00291 47.44 76.52 4.4088
180 0.01614 119.68 168.09 5.2310 0.00402 82.44 122.65 4.6813
200 0.01857 136.78 192.49 5.3596 0.00501 108.21 158.35 4.8697
220 0.02088 153.24 215.88 5.4711 0.00590 129.86 188.88 5.0153
240 0.02312 169.30 238.66 5.5702 0.00672 149.42 216.64 5.1362
260 0.02531 185.10 261.02 5.6597 0.00749 167.77 242.72 5.2406
280 0.02746 200.72 283.09 5.7414 0.00824 185.34 267.69 5.3331
300 0.02958 216.21 304.94 5.8168 0.00895 202.38 291.90 5.4167
350 0.03480 254.57 358.96 5.9834 0.01067 243.57 350.26 5.5967
400 0.03993 292.70 412.50 6.1264 0.01232 283.59 406.79 5.7477
500 0.05008 369.06 519.29 6.3647 0.01551 362.42 517.48 5.9948
600 0.06013 446.57 626.95 6.5609 0.01861 441.47 627.58 6.1955
700 0.07012 525.99 736.35 6.7295 0.02167 521.96 738.65 6.3667
800 0.08008 607.67 847.92 6.8785 0.02470 604.42 851.43 6.5172
900 0.09003 691.65 961.73 7.0125 0.02771 689.02 966.15 6.6523
1000 0.09996 777.85 1077.72 7.1347 0.03072 775.68 1082.84 6.7753

TABLE B.7
Thermodynamic Properties of Methane
TABLE B.7.1
Saturated Methane
Temp. (K) P (kPa) vf vfg vg uf ufg ug

90.7 11.7 0.002215 3.97941 3.98163 −358.10 496.59 138.49
95 19.8 0.002243 2.44845 2.45069 −343.79 488.62 144.83
100 34.4 0.002278 1.47657 1.47885 −326.90 478.96 152.06
105 56.4 0.002315 0.93780 0.94012 −309.79 468.89 159.11
110 88.2 0.002353 0.62208 0.62443 −292.50 458.41 165.91
111.7 101.3 0.002367 0.54760 0.54997 −286.74 454.85 168.10
115 132.3 0.002395 0.42800 0.43040 −275.05 447.48 172.42
120 191.6 0.002439 0.30367 0.30610 −257.45 436.02 178.57
125 269.0 0.002486 0.22108 0.22357 −239.66 423.97 184.32
130 367.6 0.002537 0.16448 0.16701 −221.65 411.25 189.60
135 490.7 0.002592 0.12458 0.12717 −203.40 397.77 194.37
140 641.6 0.002653 0.09575 0.09841 −184.86 383.42 198.56
145 823.7 0.002719 0.07445 0.07717 −165.97 368.06 202.09
150 1040.5 0.002794 0.05839 0.06118 −146.65 351.53 204.88
155 1295.6 0.002877 0.04605 0.04892 −126.82 333.61 206.79
160 1592.8 0.002974 0.03638 0.03936 −106.35 314.01 207.66
165 1935.9 0.003086 0.02868 0.03177 −85.06 292.30 207.24
170 2329.3 0.003222 0.02241 0.02563 −62.67 267.81 205.14
175 2777.6 0.003393 0.01718 0.02058 −38.75 239.47 200.72
180 3286.4 0.003623 0.01266 0.01629 −12.43 205.16 192.73
185 3863.2 0.003977 0.00846 0.01243 18.47 159.49 177.96
190 4520.5 0.004968 0.00300 0.00797 69.10 67.01 136.11
190.6 4599.2 0.006148 0 0.00615 101.46 0 101.46


Saturated Methane
Temp. (K) P (kPa) hf hfg hg sf sfg sg

90.7 11.7 −358.07 543.12 185.05 4.2264 5.9891 10.2155
95 19.8 −343.75 537.18 193.43 4.3805 5.6545 10.0350
100 34.4 −326.83 529.77 202.94 4.5538 5.2977 9.8514
105 56.4 −309.66 521.82 212.16 4.7208 4.9697 9.6905
110 88.2 −292.29 513.29 221.00 4.8817 4.6663 9.5480
111.7 101.3 −286.50 510.33 223.83 4.9336 4.5706 9.5042
115 132.3 −274.74 504.12 229.38 5.0368 4.3836 9.4205
120 191.6 −256.98 494.20 237.23 5.1867 4.1184 9.3051
125 269.0 −238.99 483.44 244.45 5.3321 3.8675 9.1996
130 367.6 −220.72 471.72 251.00 5.4734 3.6286 9.1020
135 490.7 −202.13 458.90 256.77 5.6113 3.3993 9.0106
140 641.6 −183.16 444.85 261.69 5.7464 3.1775 8.9239
145 823.7 −163.73 429.38 265.66 5.8794 2.9613 8.8406
150 1040.5 −143.74 412.29 268.54 6.0108 2.7486 8.7594
155 1295.6 −123.09 393.27 270.18 6.1415 2.5372 8.6787
160 1592.8 −101.61 371.96 270.35 6.2724 2.3248 8.5971
165 1935.9 −79.08 347.82 268.74 6.4046 2.1080 8.5126
170 2329.3 −55.17 320.02 264.85 6.5399 1.8824 8.4224
175 2777.6 −29.33 287.20 257.87 6.6811 1.6411 8.3223
180 3286.4 −0.53 246.77 246.25 6.8333 1.3710 8.2043
185 3863.2 33.83 192.16 226.00 7.0095 1.0387 8.0483
190 4520.5 91.56 80.58 172.14 7.3015 0.4241 7.7256
190.6 4599.2 129.74 0 129.74 7.4999 0 7.4999

TABLE B.7.2
Superheated Methane
100 kPa (111.50K) 200 kPa (120.61 K)

Sat. 0.55665 167.90 223.56 9.5084 0.29422 179.30 238.14 9.2918
125 0.63126 190.21 253.33 9.7606 0.30695 186.80 248.19 9.3736
150 0.76586 230.18 306.77 10.1504 0.37700 227.91 303.31 9.7759
175 0.89840 269.72 359.56 10.4759 0.44486 268.05 357.02 10.1071
200 1.02994 309.20 412.19 10.7570 0.51165 307.88 410.21 10.3912
225 1.16092 348.90 464.99 11.0058 0.57786 347.81 463.38 10.6417
250 1.29154 389.12 518.27 11.2303 0.64370 388.19 516.93 10.8674
275 1.42193 430.17 572.36 11.4365 0.70931 429.36 571.22 11.0743
300 1.55215 472.36 627.58 11.6286 0.77475 471.65 626.60 11.2670
325 1.68225 516.00 684.23 11.8100 0.84008 515.37 683.38 11.4488
350 1.81226 561.34 742.57 11.9829 0.90530 560.77 741.83 11.6220
375 1.94220 608.58 802.80 12.1491 0.97046 608.07 802.16 11.7885
400 2.07209 657.89 865.10 12.3099 1.03557 657.41 864.53 11.9495
425 2.20193 709.36 929.55 12.4661 1.10062 708.92 929.05 12.1059


Superheated Methane
400 kPa (131.42 K) 600 kPa (138.72 K)

Sat. 0.15427 191.01 252.72 9.0754 0.10496 197.54 260.51 8.9458
150 0.18233 223.16 296.09 9.3843 0.11717 218.08 288.38 9.1390
175 0.21799 264.61 351.81 9.7280 0.14227 261.03 346.39 9.4970
200 0.25246 305.19 406.18 10.0185 0.16603 302.44 402.06 9.7944
225 0.28631 345.61 460.13 10.2726 0.18911 343.37 456.84 10.0525
250 0.31978 386.32 514.23 10.5007 0.21180 384.44 511.52 10.2830
275 0.35301 427.74 568.94 10.7092 0.23424 426.11 566.66 10.4931
300 0.38606 470.23 624.65 10.9031 0.25650 468.80 622.69 10.6882
325 0.41899 514.10 681.69 11.0857 0.27863 512.82 680.00 10.8716
350 0.45183 559.63 740.36 11.2595 0.30067 558.48 738.88 11.0461
375 0.48460 607.03 800.87 11.4265 0.32264 605.99 799.57 11.2136
400 0.51731 656.47 863.39 11.5879 0.34456 655.52 862.25 11.3754
425 0.54997 708.05 928.04 11.7446 0.36643 707.18 927.04 11.5324
450 0.58260 761.85 994.89 11.8974 0.38826 761.05 994.00 11.6855
475 0.61520 817.89 1063.97 12.0468 0.41006 817.15 1063.18 11.8351
500 0.64778 876.18 1135.29 12.1931 0.43184 875.48 1134.59 11.9816
525 0.68033 936.67 1208.81 12.3366 0.45360 936.03 1208.18 12.1252
800 kPa (144.40 K) 1000 kPa (149.13 K)

Sat. 0.07941 201.70 265.23 8.8505 0.06367 204.45 268.12 8.7735
150 0.08434 212.53 280.00 8.9509 0.06434 206.28 270.62 8.7902
175 0.10433 257.30 340.76 9.3260 0.08149 253.38 334.87 9.1871
200 0.12278 299.62 397.85 9.6310 0.09681 296.73 393.53 9.5006
225 0.14050 341.10 453.50 9.8932 0.11132 338.79 450.11 9.7672
250 0.15781 382.53 508.78 10.1262 0.12541 380.61 506.01 10.0028
275 0.17485 424.47 564.35 10.3381 0.13922 422.82 562.04 10.2164
300 0.19172 467.36 620.73 10.5343 0.15285 465.91 618.76 10.4138
325 0.20845 511.55 678.31 10.7186 0.16635 510.26 676.61 10.5990
350 0.22510 557.33 737.41 10.8938 0.17976 556.18 735.94 10.7748
375 0.24167 604.95 798.28 11.0617 0.19309 603.91 797.00 10.9433
400 0.25818 654.57 861.12 11.2239 0.20636 653.62 859.98 11.1059
425 0.27465 706.31 926.03 11.3813 0.21959 705.44 925.03 11.2636
450 0.29109 760.24 993.11 11.5346 0.23279 759.44 992.23 11.4172
475 0.30749 816.40 1062.40 11.6845 0.24595 815.66 1061.61 11.5672
500 0.32387 874.79 1133.89 11.8311 0.25909 874.10 1133.19 11.7141
525 0.34023 935.38 1207.56 11.9749 0.27221 934.73 1206.95 11.8580
550 0.35657 998.14 1283.45 12.1161 0.28531 997.53 1282.84 11.9992


Superheated Methane
1500 kPa (158.52 K) 2000 kPa (165.86 K)

Sat. 0.04196 207.53 270.47 8.6215 0.03062 207.01 268.25 8.4975
175 0.05078 242.64 318.81 8.9121 0.03504 229.90 299.97 8.6839
200 0.06209 289.13 382.26 9.2514 0.04463 280.91 370.17 9.0596
225 0.07239 332.85 441.44 9.5303 0.05289 326.64 432.43 9.3532
250 0.08220 375.70 499.00 9.7730 0.06059 370.67 491.84 9.6036
275 0.09171 418.65 556.21 9.9911 0.06796 414.40 550.31 9.8266
300 0.10103 462.27 613.82 10.1916 0.07513 458.59 608.85 10.0303
325 0.11022 507.04 672.37 10.3790 0.08216 503.80 668.12 10.2200
350 0.11931 553.30 732.26 10.5565 0.08909 550.40 728.58 10.3992
375 0.12832 601.30 793.78 10.7263 0.09594 598.69 790.57 10.5703
400 0.13728 651.24 857.16 10.8899 0.10274 648.87 854.34 10.7349
425 0.14619 703.26 922.54 11.0484 0.10949 701.08 920.06 10.8942
450 0.15506 757.43 990.02 11.2027 0.11620 755.43 987.84 11.0491
475 0.16391 813.80 1059.66 11.3532 0.12289 811.94 1057.72 11.2003
500 0.17273 872.37 1131.46 11.5005 0.12955 870.64 1129.74 11.3480
525 0.18152 933.12 1205.41 11.6448 0.13619 931.51 1203.88 11.4927
550 0.19031 996.02 1281.48 11.7864 0.14281 994.51 1280.13 11.6346
4000 kPa (186.10 K) 8000 kPa

Sat. 0.01160 172.96 219.34 8.0035
200 0.01763 237.70 308.23 8.4675 0.00412 55.58 88.54 7.2069
225 0.02347 298.52 392.39 8.8653 0.00846 217.30 284.98 8.1344
250 0.02814 349.08 461.63 9.1574 0.01198 298.05 393.92 8.5954
275 0.03235 396.67 526.07 9.4031 0.01469 357.88 475.39 8.9064
300 0.03631 443.48 588.73 9.6212 0.01705 411.71 548.15 9.1598
325 0.04011 490.62 651.07 9.8208 0.01924 463.52 617.40 9.3815
350 0.04381 538.70 713.93 10.0071 0.02130 515.02 685.39 9.5831
375 0.04742 588.18 777.86 10.1835 0.02328 567.12 753.34 9.7706
400 0.05097 639.34 843.24 10.3523 0.02520 620.38 821.95 9.9477
425 0.05448 692.38 910.31 10.5149 0.02707 675.14 891.71 10.1169
450 0.05795 747.43 979.23 10.6725 0.02891 731.63 962.92 10.2796
475 0.06139 804.55 1050.12 10.8258 0.03072 789.99 1035.75 10.4372
500 0.06481 863.78 1123.01 10.9753 0.03251 850.28 1110.34 10.5902
525 0.06820 925.11 1197.93 11.1215 0.03428 912.54 1186.74 10.7393
550 0.07158 988.53 1274.86 11.2646 0.03603 976.77 1264.99 10.8849
575 0.07495 1053.98 1353.77 11.4049 0.03776 1042.96 1345.07 11.0272

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P1: PBY/PBR P2: PBY/PBR QC: PBY/PBR T1: PBY

GTBL057-appa GTBL057-Borgnakke-v7 June 2, 2008 20:45

Heat capacity (C p , C v , C), specific entropy (s)

Heat flux (per unit area)

2nd Confirming Pages

756 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.1 (continued )

Power ( Q̇, Ẇ)

Specific energy (e, u)

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 757

TABLE A.1 (continued )

Specific potential energy (Zg)

Specific volume (v)

Universal Gas Constant

2nd Confirming Pages

758 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 759

TABLE A.3 TABLE A.4

2nd Confirming Pages

760 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 761

2nd Confirming Pages

762 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 763

such that for an isentropic process (s1 = s2 )

2nd Confirming Pages

764 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 765

TABLE A.8 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

766 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 767

TABLE A.9 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

768 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.9 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 769

TABLE A.9 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

770 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

TABLE A.9 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES 771

TABLE A.9 (continued )

2nd Confirming Pages

772 APPENDIX A SI UNITS: SINGLE-STATE PROPERTIES

2nd Confirming Pages

For the reaction v A A + v B B

1000 –39.810 –45.146 –99.146 –46.321 –51.951 –47.052 –18.709 –23.039

2nd Confirming Pages

2nd Confirming Pages