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Currency Country

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Currency by Country

Afghanistan Afghani
Albania Lek
Algeria Dinar
Andorra Euro
Angola New Kwanza
Antigua and Barbuda East Caribbean dollar
Argentina Peso
Armenia Dram
Australia Australian dollar
Austria Euro (formerly schilling)
Azerbaijan Manat
Bahamas Bahamian dollar
Bahrain Bahrain dinar
Bangladesh Taka
Barbados Barbados dollar
Belarus Belorussian ruble
Belgium Euro (formerly Belgian franc)
Belize Belize dollar
Benin CFA Franc
Bhutan Ngultrum
Bolivia Boliviano
Bosnia and Herzegovina Marka
Botswana Pula
Brazil Real
Brunei Brunei dollar
Bulgaria Lev
Burkina Faso CFA Franc
Burundi Burundi franc
Cambodia Riel
Cameroon CFA Franc
Canada Canadian dollar
Cape Verde Cape Verdean escudo
Central African Republic CFA Franc
Chad CFA Franc
Chile Chilean Peso
China Yuan/Renminbi
Colombia Colombian Peso
Comoros Franc
Congo, Democratic Republic
Congolese franc
of the
Congo, Republic of CFA Franc
Costa Rica Colón
Côte d'Ivoire CFA Franc
Croatia Kuna
Cuba Cuban Peso
Cyprus Cyprus pound
Czech Republic Koruna
Denmark Krone
Djibouti Djibouti franc
Dominica East Caribbean dollar
Dominican Republic Dominican Peso
East Timor U.S. dollar
Ecuador U.S. dollar
Egypt Egyptian pound
El Salvador Colón; U.S. dollar
Equatorial Guinea CFA Franc
Eritrea Nakfa
Estonia Kroon
Ethiopia Birr
Fiji Fiji dollar
Finland Euro (formerly markka)
France Euro (formerly French franc)
Gabon CFA Franc
Gambia Dalasi
Georgia Lari
Germany Euro (formerly Deutsche mark)
Ghana Cedi
Greece Euro (formerly drachma)
Grenada East Caribbean dollar
Guatemala Quetzal
Guinea Guinean franc
Guinea-Bissau CFA Franc
Guyana Guyanese dollar
Haiti Gourde
Honduras Lempira
Hungary Forint
Iceland Icelandic króna
India Rupee
Indonesia Rupiah
Iran Rial
Iraq U.S. dollar
Ireland Euro (formerly Irish pound [punt])
Israel Shekel
Italy Euro (formerly lira)
Jamaica Jamaican dollar
Japan Yen
Jordan Jordanian dinar
Kazakhstan Tenge
Kenya Kenya shilling
Kiribati Australian dollar
Korea, North Won
Korea, South Won
Kuwait Kuwaiti dinar
Kyrgyzstan Som
Laos New Kip
Latvia Lats
Lebanon Lebanese pound
Lesotho Maluti
Liberia Liberian dollar
Libya Libyan dinar
Liechtenstein Swiss franc
Lithuania Litas
Luxembourg Euro (formerly Luxembourg franc)
Macedonia Denar
Madagascar Malagasy franc
Malawi Kwacha
Malaysia Ringgit
Maldives Rufiya
Mali CFA Franc
Malta Maltese lira
Mauritania Ouguiya
Mauritius Mauritian rupee
Mexico Mexican peso
Moldova Leu
Monaco Euro
Mongolia Tugrik
Montenegro Euro
Morocco Dirham
Mozambique Metical
Myanmar Kyat
Namibia Namibian dollar
Nauru Australian dollar
Nepal Nepalese rupee
Netherlands Euro (formerly guilder)
New Zealand New Zealand dollar
Nicaragua Gold cordoba
Niger CFA Franc
Nigeria Naira
Norway Norwegian krone
Oman Omani rial
Pakistan Pakistan rupee
Palau U.S. dollar used
Palestinian State (proposed) New Israeli shekels, Jordanian dinars, U.S. dollars
Panama balboa; U.S. dollar
Papua New Guinea Kina
Paraguay Guaraní
Peru Nuevo sol (1991)
Philippines Peso
Poland Zloty
Portugal Euro (formerly escudo)
Qatar Qatari riyal
Romania Leu
Russia Ruble
Rwanda Rwanda franc
St. Kitts and Nevis East Caribbean dollar
St. Lucia East Caribbean dollar
St. Vincent and the
East Caribbean dollar
Grenadines
Samoa Tala
San Marino Euro
São Tomé and Príncipe Dobra
Saudi Arabia Riyal
Senegal CFA Franc
Yugoslav new dinar. In Kosovo both the euro and the
Serbia
Yugoslav dinar are legal
Seychelles Seychelles rupee
Sierra Leone Leone
Singapore Singapore dollar
Slovakia Koruna
Slovenia Slovenian tolar; euro (as of 1/1/07)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands dollar
Somalia Somali shilling
South Africa Rand
Spain Euro (formerly peseta)
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka rupee
Sudan Dinar
Suriname Surinamese dollar
Swaziland Lilangeni
Sweden Krona
Switzerland Swiss franc
Syria Syrian pound
Taiwan Taiwan dollar
Tajikistan somoni
Tanzania Tanzanian shilling
Thailand baht
Togo CFA Franc
Tonga Pa'anga
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago dollar
Tunisia Tunisian dinar
Turkey Turkish lira (YTL)
Turkmenistan Manat
Tuvalu Australian dollar
Uganda Ugandan new shilling
Ukraine Hryvna
United Arab Emirates U.A.E. dirham
United Kingdom Pound sterling (£)
United States dollar
Uruguay Uruguay peso
Uzbekistan Uzbekistani sum
Vanuatu Vatu
Vatican City (Holy See) Euro
Venezuela Bolivar
Vietnam Dong
Western Sahara (proposed
Tala
state)
Yemen Rial
Zambia Kwacha
Zimbabwe Zimbabwean dollar
India - Currency Rupee

Geography
One-third the area of the United States, the Republic of India occupies most of the
subcontinent of India in southern Asia. It borders on China in the northeast. Other
neighbors are Pakistan on the west, Nepal and Bhutan on the north, and Burma and
Bangladesh on the east.
The country can be divided into three distinct geographic regions: the Himalayan region
in the north, which contains some of the highest mountains in the world, the Gangetic
Plain, and the plateau region in the south and central part. Its three great river systems—
the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra—have extensive deltas and all rise in the
Himalayas.

Government
Federal republic.

History
One of the earliest civilizations, the Indus Valley civilization flourished on the Indian
subcontinent from c. 2600 B.C. to c. 2000 B.C. It is generally accepted that the Aryans
entered India c. 1500 B.C. from the northwest, finding a land that was already home to an
advanced civilization. They introduced Sanskrit and the Vedic religion, a forerunner of
Hinduism. Buddhism was founded in the 6th century B.C. and was spread throughout
northern India, most notably by one of the great ancient kings of the Mauryan dynasty,
Asoka (c. 269–232 B.C. ), who also unified most of the Indian subcontinent for the first
time.

In 1526, Muslim invaders founded the great Mogul Empire, centered on Delhi, which
lasted, at least in name, until 1857. Akbar the Great (1542–1605) strengthened and
consolidated this empire. The long reign of his great-grandson, Aurangzeb (1618–1707),
represents both the greatest extent of the Mogul Empire and the beginning of its decay.

Andorra – Currency Euro

Geography
Andorra is nestled high in the Pyrénées Mountains on the French-Spanish border.

Government
A parliamentary coprincipality composed of the bishop of Urgel (Spain) and the president
of France. Their representatives are listed above. The principality was internationally
recognized as a sovereign state in 1993.

History
An autonomous and semi-independent coprincipality, Andorra has been under the joint
suzerainty of the French state and the Spanish bishops of Urgel since 1278. It maintains
closer ties to Spain, however, and Catalán is its official language. In the late 20th century,
Andorra became a popular tourist and winter sports destination and a wealthy
international commercial center because of its banking facilities, low taxes, and lack of
customs duties. In 1990 Andorra approved a customs union treaty with the EU permitting
free movement of industrial goods between the two, but with Andorra applying the EU's
external tariffs to third countries. Andorra became a member of the UN in 1993 and a
member of the Council of Europe in 1994. In 2002, Andorra shut down an incinerator
that was emitting 1,000 times the dioxin levels permitted by the EU.

Japan - Currency Yen

Geography
An archipelago in the Pacific, Japan is separated from the east coast of Asia by the Sea of
Japan. It is approximately the size of Montana. Japan's four main islands are Honshu,
Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku. The Ryukyu chain to the southwest was U.S.-occupied
from 1945 to 1972, when it reverted to Japanese control, and the Kurils to the northeast
are Russian-occupied.

Government
Constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government.

History
Legend attributes the creation of Japan to the sun goddess, from whom the emperors were
descended. The first of them was Jimmu, supposed to have ascended the throne in 660
B.C. , a tradition that constituted official doctrine until 1945.

Recorded Japanese history begins in approximately A.D. 400, when the Yamato clan,
eventually based in Kyoto, managed to gain control of other family groups in central and
western Japan. Contact with Korea introduced Buddhism to Japan at about this time.
Through the 700s Japan was much influenced by China, and the Yamato clan set up an
imperial court similar to that of China. In the ensuing centuries, the authority of the
imperial court was undermined as powerful gentry families vied for control.

At the same time, warrior clans were rising to prominence as a distinct class known as
samurai. In 1192, the Minamoto clan set up a military government under their leader,
Yoritomo. He was designated shogun (military dictator). For the following 700 years,
shoguns from a succession of clans ruled in Japan, while the imperial court existed in
relative obscurity.

Philippines - Currency Peso

Geography
The Philippine islands are an archipelago of over 7,000 islands lying about 500 mi (805
km) off the southeast coast of Asia. The overall land area is comparable to that of
Arizona. Only about 7% of the islands are larger than one square mile, and only one-third
have names. The largest are Luzon in the north (40,420 sq mi; 104,687 sq km), Mindanao
in the south (36,537 sq mi; 94,631 sq km), and Samar (5,124 sq mi; 13,271 sq km). The
islands are of volcanic origin, with the larger ones crossed by mountain ranges. The
highest peak is Mount Apo (9,690 ft; 2,954 m) on Mindanao.

Government
Republic.

History
The Philippines' aboriginal inhabitants arrived from the Asian mainland around 25,000
BC They were followed by waves of Indonesian and Malayan settlers from 3000 BC
onward. By the 14th century AD , extensive trade was being conducted with India,
Indonesia, China, and Japan.

Ferdinand Magellan, the Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain, explored the
Philippines in 1521. Twenty-one years later, a Spanish exploration party named the group
of islands in honor of Prince Philip, who was later to become Philip II of Spain. Spain
retained possession of the islands for the next 350 years.

The Philippines were ceded to the U.S. in 1899 by the Treaty of Paris after the Spanish-
American War. Meanwhile, the Filipinos, led by Emilio Aguinaldo, had declared their
independence. They initiated guerrilla warfare against U.S. troops that persisted until
Aguinaldo's capture in 1901. By 1902, peace was established except among the Islamic
Moros on the southern island of Mindanao.

Yemen - Currency Rial

Geography
Formerly divided into two nations, the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and the
Yemen Arab Republic, the Republic of Yemen occupies the southwest tip of the Arabian
Peninsula on the Red Sea opposite Ethiopia and extends along the southern part of the
Arabian Peninsula on the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. Saudi Arabia is to the north
and Oman is to the east. The country is about the size of France. A 700-mile (1,130-km)
narrow coastal plain in the south gives way to a mountainous region and then a plateau
area.

Government
Parliamentary republic.

History
The history of Yemen dates back to the Minaean (1200–650 B.C. ) and Sabaean (750–115
B.C. ) kingdoms. Ancient Yemen (centered around the port of Aden) engaged in the
lucrative myrrh and frankincense trade. It was invaded by the Romans (1st century A.D. )
as well as the Ethiopians and Persians (6th century A.D. ). In A.D. 628 it converted to
Islam and in the 10th century came under the control of the Rassite dynasty of the Zaidi
sect, which remained involved in North Yemeni politics until 1962. The Ottoman Turks
nominally occupied the area from 1538 to the decline of their empire in 1918.

The northern portion of Yemen was ruled by imams until a pro-Egyptian military coup
took place in 1962. The junta proclaimed the Yemen Arab Republic, and after a civil war
in which Egypt's Nasser and the USSR supported the revolutionaries and King Saud of
Saudi Arabia and King Hussein of Jordan supported the royalists, the royalists were
finally defeated in mid-1969.

United States - Currency Dollar

Government
Federal republic.
The president is elected for a four-year term and may be reelected only once. The
bicameral Congress consists of the 100-member Senate, elected to a six-year term with
one-third of the seats becoming vacant every two years, and the 435-member House of
Representatives, elected every two years. The minimum voting age is 18.

Sudan - Currency Dinar

Geography
Sudan, in northeast Africa, is the largest country on the continent, measuring about one-
fourth the size of the United States. Its neighbors are Chad and the Central African
Republic on the west, Egypt and Libya on the north, Ethiopia and Eritrea on the east, and
Kenya, Uganda, and Democratic Republic of the Congo on the south. The Red Sea
washes about 500 mi of the eastern coast. It is traversed from north to south by the Nile,
all of whose great tributaries are partly or entirely within its borders.

Government
Military government.

History
What is now northern Sudan was in ancient times the kingdom of Nubia, which came
under Egyptian rule after 2600 B.C. An Egyptian and Nubian civilization called Kush
flourished until A.D. 350. Missionaries converted the region to Christianity in the 6th
century, but an influx of Muslim Arabs, who had already conquered Egypt, eventually
controlled the area and replaced Christianity with Islam. During the 1500s a people called
the Funj conquered much of Sudan, and several other black African groups settled in the
south, including the Dinka, Shilluk, Nuer, and Azande. Egyptians again conquered Sudan
in 1874, and after Britain occupied Egypt in 1882, it took over Sudan in 1898, ruling the
country in conjunction with Egypt. It was known as the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan between
1898 and 1955.

Comoros - Currency Franc

Geography
The Comoros Islands—Grande Comoro (Ngazidja), Anjouan, Mohéli, and Mayotte
(which is not part of the country and retains ties to France)—constitute an archipelago of
volcanic origin in the Indian Ocean, 190 mi off the coast of Mozambique.

Government
Emerging republic.

History
Comoros was frequented by travelers from Africa, Madagascar, Indonesia, and Arabia
before the first Europeans encountered the islands. Arabic influence has been the
strongest.

France colonized Mayotte in 1843 and by 1904 had annexed the remainder of the
archipelago. In a 1974 referendum, 95% of the population voted for independence. The
exception was Mayotte, which, with its Christian majority, voted against joining the other
mainly Islamic islands in independence. Today it remains a French overseas territory.

The remaining Comoros Islands declared themselves independent on July 6, 1975, with
Ahmed Abdallah as president. A month after independence, he was overthrown by Justice
Minister Ali Soilih. This was only the beginning of Comoros's chronic instability: the
country has gone through more than 20 coups since independence and has experienced
several attempts at secession. Orchestrating at least four of these coups was a group of
white mercenaries known as Les Affreux (The Terrible Ones), and their notorious leader,
Frenchman “Colonel” Bob Denard. Denard fled Comoros in 1989, when 3,000 French
soldiers were sent after him.

Russia - Currency Ruble


Geography
The Russian Federation is the largest of the 21 republics that make up the
Commonwealth of Independent States. It occupies most of eastern Europe and north Asia,
stretching from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east, and from the
Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea and the Caucasus in the south. It is bordered
by Norway and Finland in the northwest; Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and
Lithuania in the west; Georgia and Azerbaijan in the southwest; and Kazakhstan,
Mongolia, China, and North Korea along the southern border.

Government
Constitutional federation.

History
Tradition says the Viking Rurik came to Russia in 862 and founded the first Russian
dynasty in Novgorod. The various tribes were united by the spread of Christianity in the
10th and 11th centuries; Vladimir “the Saint” was converted in 988. During the 11th
century, the grand dukes of Kiev held such centralizing power as existed. In 1240, Kiev
was destroyed by the Mongols, and the Russian territory was split into numerous smaller
dukedoms. Early dukes of Moscow extended their dominion over other Russian cities
through their office of tribute collector for the Mongols and because of Moscow's role as
an administrative and trade center.

Nigeria - Currency Naira


Geography
Nigeria, one-third larger than Texas and the most populous country in Africa, is situated
on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa. Its neighbors are Benin, Niger, Cameroon, and
Chad. The lower course of the Niger River flows south through the western part of the
country into the Gulf of Guinea. Swamps and mangrove forests border the southern coast;
inland are hardwood forests.

Government
Multiparty government transitioning from military to civilian rule.

History
The first inhabitants of what is now Nigeria were thought to have been the Nok people
(500 BC –c. AD 200). The Kanuri, Hausa, and Fulani peoples subsequently migrated
there. Islam was introduced in the 13th century, and the empire of Kanem controlled the
area from the end of the 11th century to the 14th.

The Fulani empire ruled the region from the beginning of the 19th century until the
British annexed Lagos in 1851 and seized control of the rest of the region by 1886. It
formally became the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914. During World War I,
native troops of the West African frontier force joined with French forces to defeat the
German garrison in Cameroon.

Myanmar - Currency Kyat


Geography
Slightly smaller than Texas, Myanmar occupies the Thailand/Cambodia portion of the
Indochinese peninsula. India lies to the northwest and China to the northeast. Bangladesh,
Laos, and Thailand are also neighbors. The Bay of Bengal touches the southwest coast.
The fertile delta of the Irrawaddy River in the south contains a network of
interconnecting canals and nine principal river mouths.

Government
Military regime.

History
The ethnic origins of modern Myanmar (known historically as Burma) are a mixture of
Indo-Aryans, who began pushing into the area around 700 B.C. , and the Mongolian
invaders under Kublai Khan who penetrated the region in the 13th century. Anawrahta
(1044–1077) was the first great unifier of Myanmar.

In 1612, the British East India Company sent agents to Burma, but the Burmese doggedly
resisted efforts of British, Dutch, and Portuguese traders to establish posts along the Bay
of Bengal. Through the Anglo-Burmese War in 1824–1826 and two subsequent wars, the
British East India Company expanded to the whole of Burma. By 1886, Burma was
annexed to India, then became a separate colony in 1937.

England – Currency Pound


pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly called the pound, is the
currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown dependencies (the Isle of Man and the
Channel Islands) and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South
Sandwich Islands,[2] British Antarctic Territory[3] and Tristan da Cunha.[4] It is subdivided
into 100 pence (singular: penny).

The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man produce their own local issues of sterling; see
Manx pound, Jersey pound, and Guernsey pound. The pound sterling is also used in
Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland
Islands pound) and Saint Helena[5] and Ascension[6] (alongside the Saint Helena pound).
The Gibraltar, Falkland Islands and Saint Helena pounds are separate currencies, pegged
at parity to the pound sterling.

Sterling is the third-largest reserve currency, after the US dollar and the euro.[7] The
pound sterling is also the third-most-traded currency in the foreign exchange market.[8]

China – Currency Yuan


Geography
The greater part of the country is mountainous. Its principal ranges are the Tien Shan, the
Kunlun chain, and the Trans-Himalaya. In the southwest is Tibet, which China annexed in
1950. The Gobi Desert lies to the north. China proper consists of three great river
systems: the Yellow River (Huang He), 2,109 mi (5,464 km) long; the Yangtze River
(Chang Jiang), the third-longest river in the world at 2,432 mi (6,300 km); and the Pearl
River (Zhu Jiang), 848 mi (2,197 km) long.

Government
Communist state.

History
The earliest recorded human settlements in what is today called China were discovered in
the Huang He basin and date from about 5000 B.C. During the Shang dynasty (1500–
1000 B.C. ), the precursor of modern China's ideographic writing system developed,
allowing the emerging feudal states of the era to achieve an advanced stage of
civilization, rivaling in sophistication any society found at the time in Europe, the Middle
East, or the Americas. It was following this initial flourishing of civilization, in a period
known as the Chou dynasty (1122–249 B.C. ), that Lao-tse, Confucius, Mo Ti, and
Mencius laid the foundation of Chinese philosophical thought.

The feudal states, often at war with one another, were first united under Emperor Ch'in
Shih Huang Ti, during whose reign (246–210 B.C. ) work was begun on the Great Wall of
China, a monumental bulwark against invasion from the West. Although the Great Wall
symbolized China's desire to protect itself from the outside world, under the Han dynasty
(206 B.C.–A.D. 220), the civilization conducted extensive commercial trading with the
West.

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