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MADHUBANI
Madhubani Painting
Madhubani painting is one of the many famous Indian art forms. As it is practiced in the Mithila region of
Bihar and Nepal, it is called Mithila or Madhubani art.
This painting is done with a variety of tools, including fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and matchsticks and using
natural dyes and pigments. It is characterised by its eye-catching geometrical patterns.[citation needed] There is ritual
content for particular occasions, such as birth or marriage, and festivals, such as Holi, Surya Shasti, Kali
Puja, Upanayana, and Durga Puja
1. Histori and Origin of madhubani-Madhubani paintings originated in the Mithila region of Bihar. Some of
the initial references to the Madhubani painting can be found in the Hindu epic Ramayana when King
Janaka, Sita’s father, asks his painters to create Madhubani paintings for his daughter’s wedding. The
knowledge was passed down from generation to generation and the paintings began to adorn the
houses of the region. The women of the village practiced these paintings on the walls of their
respective home. Their paintings often illustrated their thoughts, hopes and dreams.
. Over time, Madhubani paintings became a part of festivities and special events like
weddings. Slowly, this art attracted connoisseurs of art as many contemporary Indian artists took the art
on global stage. The traditional base of plastered mud wall was soon replaced by handmade paper, cloth
and canvas. Since the paintings have been confined to a limited geographical range, the themes as well
as the style are more or less, the same.
2. Containts- The themes of these paintings usually include natural elements like fish, parrot, elephant, turtle, sun,
moon, bamboo tree and lotus. Geometric patterns can also be seen in these pictures that often symbolize love, valour,
devotion, fertility and prosperity. This ancient art form has also been known to depict scenes of wedding rituals,
religious rituals and different cultural events such as festivals, from mythology like Ramayana.
One can also find paintings based on the scenes from the royal courts and social events like weddings. The usage of
geometrical patterns is pretty much apparent in these paintings. The fact that these complex mathematical patterns were
used in Madhubani paintings makes them more intriguing and special.
3. Types of madhubani art-. Madhubani art has five distinctive styles: Bharni,
Katchni, Tantrik, Godna and Kohbar.
Bharni Style
Bharni means filling. This is one of the most famous styles of Madhubani painting. In Madhubani painting, vibrant
colors are mostly used on canvas. It was practiced mainly by upper caste people which depicted mythological
characters in epics, especially the Ramayana and Mahabharata which the womenfolk knew from the continued
recital. Mostly the enclosed areas are filled with vibrant colors like blue, yellow, pink, green, orange colors etc. and
the subject is outlined in black.
Tantrik Style
Tantrik painting is distinguished from other style of Madhubani painting. It solely depicts religious texts and
characters related to them. Tantrik subjects include manifestations of Maha Kali, Maha Durga, Maha Saraswati,
Maha Lakshmi, and Maha Ganesh along with other tantrik symbols.
Katchni Style
In this style of painting only one or two colours are used. Finest details are created and the fine pattern is made
with hatching and stippling. This painting is still practiced by Kayasthas of the society. As Katchni means lines, they
optimize muted hues, mostly the figures.
Godna Style
This is a simple style of Madhubani painting. Godna is commonly known as tattoo in today’s life and it was first
done by Chano Devi. It was done on arms and legs. At the first initiative, pointed bamboo pen with lampblack ink
was used. This style has concentric circles of flowers, field, animals, figures and spirit.
Kohbar
The painting which is painted on the wall of a kohbar is known as “Kohbar”. The Kohbar painting is filled with rich
details, each contributing significance to the meaning of the whole. This is practiced by the lower class of the
society. They wash the paper with cow dung and paintings are done using earth colours.
Tantrik style
1. Bharni style
Katchni style
Kohbar style Godna style

Achievements- Madhubani painting received official recognition in 1969 when Sita Devi received the State award
by Government of Bihar. Jagdamba Devi was the first artist from Mithila to receive a National Award in Mithila
paintings. In 1975, the President of India gave the Padma Shri award to Jagdamba Devi, and the National Award to
Sita Devi of Jitwarpur village near Madhubani. [9] Jagdamba Devi's foster son Satya Narayan Lal Karn and his wife
Moti Karn are also well-regarded Mithila artists, and they won the National Award jointly in 2003. Sita Devi
received the Padma Shri in 1981. Sita Devi was also awarded by Bihar Ratna in 1984 and Shilp Guru in 2006. In
1984 Ganga Devi[10] was awarded by Padma Shri.[11] Mahasundari Devi received the Padma Shri in 2011. Baua Devi,
Yamuna Devi, Shanti Devi, Chano Devi, Bindeshwari Devi, Chandrakala Devi, Shashi kala Devi, Leela Devi, Godavari
Dutta, and Bharti Dayal were also given the National award.[12][13][14] Chandrabhushan (Rasidpur), Ambika Devi
(Rasidpur), Manisha jha were also given the National award

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What are the different styles of Madhubani paintings?

What are some common themes depicted in Madhubani paintings?

MADHUBANI

Kohbar style Godna style

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