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Test 4
1. Which element in the circular chain of infection can be eliminated by preserving skin integrity?
A. Host B. Reservoir C. Mode of transmission D. Portal of entry
2. Which of the following will probably result in a break in sterile technique for respiratory isolation?
A. Opening the patient’s window to the outside environment
B. Turning on the patient’s room ventilator
C. Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor
D. Failing to wear gloves when administering a bed bath
3. Which of the following patients is at greater risk for contracting an infection?

A. A patient with leucopenia B. A patient receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics
C. A postoperative patient who has undergone orthopedic surgery
D. A newly diagnosed diabetic patient
4. Effective hand washing requires the use of:

A. Soap or detergent to promote emulsification B. Hot water to destroy bacteria
C. A disinfectant to increase surface tension D. All of the above
5. After routine patient contact, hand washing should last at least:

A. 30 seconds B. 1 minute C. 2 minute D. 3 minutes
6. Which of the following procedures always requires surgical asepsis?

A. Vaginal instillation of conjugated estrogen B. Urinary catheterization
C. Nasogastric tube insertion D. Colostomy irrigation
7. Sterile technique is used whenever:
A. Strict isolation is required B. Terminal disinfection is performed
C. Invasive procedures are performed D. Protective isolation is necessary
8. Which of the following constitutes a break in sterile technique while preparing a sterile field for a dressing
change?
A. Using sterile forceps, rather than sterile gloves, to handle a sterile item
B. Touching the outside wrapper of sterilized material without sterile gloves
C. Placing a sterile object on the edge of the sterile field
D. Pouring out a small amount of solution (15 to 30 ml) before pouring the solution into a sterile container
9. A natural body defense that plays an active role in preventing infection is:
A. Yawning B. Body hair C. Hiccupping D. Rapid eye movements
10. All of the following statement are true about donning sterile gloves except:
A. The first glove should be picked up by grasping the inside of the cuff.
B. The second glove should be picked up by inserting the gloved fingers under the cuff outside the glove.
C. The gloves should be adjusted by sliding the gloved fingers under the sterile cuff and pulling the glove over the
wrist
D. The inside of the glove is considered sterile
11. When removing a contaminated gown, the nurse should be careful that the first thing she touches is the:
A. Waist tie and neck tie at the back of the gown B. Waist tie in front of the gown
C. Cuffs of the gown D. Inside of the gown
12. Which of the following nursing interventions is considered the most effective form or universal
precautions?
A. Cap all used needles before removing them from their syringes
B. Discard all used uncapped needles and syringes in an impenetrable protective container
C. Wear gloves when administering IM injections
D. Follow enteric precautions
13. All of the following measures are recommended to prevent pressure ulcers except:
A. Massaging the reddened area with lotion B. Using a water or air mattress
C. Adhering to a schedule for positioning and turning D. Providing meticulous skin care
14. Which of the following blood tests should be performed before a blood transfusion?
A. Prothrombin and coagulation time B. Blood typing and cross-matching
C. Bleeding and clotting time D. Complete blood count (CBC) and electrolyte levels.
15. The primary purpose of a platelet count is to evaluate the:

A. Potential for clot formation B. Potential for bleeding
C. Presence of an antigen-antibody response D. Presence of cardiac enzymes
16. Which of the following white blood cell (WBC) counts clearly indicates leukocytosis?
A. 4,500/mm³ B. 7,000/mm³ C. 10,000/mm³ D. 25,000/mm³
17. After 5 days of diuretic therapy with 20mg of furosemide (Lasix) daily, a patient begins to exhibit fatigue,
muscle cramping and muscle weakness. These symptoms probably indicate that the patient is experiencing:
A. Hypokalem B. Hyperkalemia C. Anorexia D. Dysphagia
18. Which of the following statements about chest X-ray is false?

A. No contradictions exist for this test
B. Before the procedure, the patient should remove all jewelry, metallic objects, and buttons above the waist
C. A signed consent is not required
D. Eating, drinking, and medications are allowed before this test
19. The most appropriate time for the nurse to obtain a sputum specimen for culture is:
A. Early in the morning B. After the patient eats a light breakfast
C. After aerosol therapy D. After chest physiotherapy
20. A patient with no known allergies is to receive penicillin every 6 hours. When administering the
medication, the nurse observes a fine rash on the patient’s skin. The most appropriate nursing action would
be to:
A. Withhold the moderation and notify the physician
B. Administer the medication and notify the physician
C. Administer the medication with an antihistamine
D. Apply corn starch soaks to the rash
21. All of the following nursing interventions are correct when using the Z-track method of drug injection
except:
A. Prepare the injection site with alcohol B. Use a needle that’s a least 1” long
C. Aspirate for blood before injection
sD. Rub the site vigorously after the injection to promote absorption
22. The correct method for determining the vastus lateralis site for I.M. injection is to:
A. Locate the upper aspect of the upper outer quadrant of the buttock about 5 to 8 cm below the iliac crest
B. Palpate the lower edge of the acromion process and the midpoint lateral aspect of the arm
C. Palpate a 1” circular area anterior to the umbilicus
D. Divide the area between the greater femoral trochanter and the lateral femoral condyle into thirds, and select the
middle third on the anterior of the thigh
23. The mid-deltoid injection site is seldom used for I.M. injections because it:
A. Can accommodate only 1 ml or less of medication B. Bruises too easily
C. Can be used only when the patient is lying down D. Does not readily parenteral medication
24. The appropriate needle size for insulin injection is:

A. 18G, 1 ½” long B. 22G, 1” long C. 22G, 1 ½” long D. 25G, 5/8” long
25. The appropriate needle gauge for intradermal injection is:

A. 20G B. 22G C. 25G D. 26G
26. Parenteral penicillin can be administered as an:

A. IM injection or an IV solution B. IV or an intradermal injection
C. Intradermal or subcutaneous injection D. IM or a subcutaneous injection
27. The physician orders gr 10 of aspirin for a patient. The equivalent dose in milligrams is:
A. 0.6 mg B. 10 mg C. 60 mg D. 600 mg
28. The physician orders an IV solution of dextrose 5% in water at 100ml/hour. What would the flow rate be
if the drop factor is 15 gtt = 1 ml?
A. 5 gtt/minute B. 13 gtt/minute C. 25 gtt/minute D. 50 gtt/minute
29. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a hemolytic reaction to blood transfusion?
A. Hemoglobinuria B. Chest pain C. Urticaria D. Distended neck veins
30. Which of the following conditions may require fluid restriction?

A. Fever B. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease C. Renal Failure D. Dehydration
31. All of the following are common signs and symptoms of phlebitis except:
A. Pain or discomfort at the IV insertion site B. Edema and warmth at the IV insertion site
C. A red streak exiting the IV insertion site D. Frank bleeding at the insertion site
32. The best way of determining whether a patient has learned to instill ear medication properly is for the
nurse to:
A. Ask the patient if he/she has used ear drops before
B. Have the patient repeat the nurse’s instructions using her own words
C. Demonstrate the procedure to the patient and encourage to ask questions
D. Ask the patient to demonstrate the procedure
33. Which of the following types of medications can be administered via gastrostomy tube?
A. Any oral medications
B. Capsules whole contents are dissolve in water
C. Enteric-coated tablets that are thoroughly dissolved in water
D. Most tablets designed for oral use, except for extended-duration compounds
34. A patient who develops hives after receiving an antibiotic is exhibiting drug:
A. Toleranc B. Idiosyncrasy C. Synergism D. Allergy
35. A patient has returned to his room after femoral arteriography. All of the following are appropriate
nursing interventions except:
A. Assess femoral, popliteal, and pedal pulses every 15 minutes for 2 hours
B. Check the pressure dressing for sanguineous drainage
C. Assess a vital signs every 15 minutes for 2 hours
D. Order a hemoglobin and hematocrit count 1 hour after the arteriography
36. The nurse explains to a patient that a cough:

A. Is a protective response to clear the respiratory tract of irritants
B. Is primarily a voluntary action
C. Is induced by the administration of an antitussive drug
D. Can be inhibited by “splinting” the abdomen
37. An infected patient has chills and begins shivering. The best nursing intervention is to:
A. Apply iced alcohol sponges B. Provide increased cool liquids
C. Provide additional bedclothes D. Provide increased ventilation
38. A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse who has:

A. Been certified by the National League for Nursing
B. Received credentials from the Philippine Nurses’ Association
C. Graduated from an associate degree program and is a registered professional nurse
D. Completed a master’s degree in the prescribed clinical area and is a registered professional nurse.
39. The purpose of increasing urine acidity through dietary means is to:
A. Decrease burning sensations B. Change the urine’s color
C. Change the urine’s concentration D. Inhibit the growth of microorganisms
40. Clay colored stools indicate:

A. Upper GI bleeding B. Impending constipation
C. An effect of medication D. Bile obstruction
41. In which step of the nursing process would the nurse ask a patient if the medication she administered
relieved his pain?
A. Assessment B. Analysis C. Planning D. Evaluation
42. All of the following are good sources of vitamin A except:

A. White potatoes B. Carrots C. Apricots D. Egg yolks
43. Which of the following is a primary nursing intervention necessary for all patients with a Foley Catheter
in place?
A. Maintain the drainage tubing and collection bag level with the patient’s bladder
B. Irrigate the patient with 1% Neosporin solution three times a daily
C. Clamp the catheter for 1 hour every 4 hours to maintain the bladder’s elasticity
D. Maintain the drainage tubing and collection bag below bladder level to facilitate drainage by gravity
44. The ELISA test is used to:
A. Screen blood donors for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
B. Test blood to be used for transfusion for HIV antibodies
C. Aid in diagnosing a patient with AIDS
D. All of the above
45. The two blood vessels most commonly used for TPN infusion are the:
A. Subclavian and jugular vein B. Brachial and subclavian veins
C. Femoral and subclavian veins D. Brachial and femoral veins
46. Effective skin disinfection before a surgical procedure includes which of the following methods
A. Shaving the site on the day before surgery
B. Applying a topical antiseptic to the skin on the evening before surgery
C. Having the patient take a tub bath on the morning of surgery
D. Having the patient shower with an antiseptic soap on the evening before and the morning of surgery
47. When transferring a patient from a bed to a chair, the nurse should use which muscles to avoid back injury?
A. Abdominal muscles B. Back muscles C. Leg muscles D. Upper arm muscles
48. Thrombophlebitis typically develops in patients with which of the following conditions?
A. Increases partial thromboplastin time B. Acute pulsus paradoxus
C. An impaired or traumatized blood vessel wall
D. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
49. In a recumbent, immobilized patient, lung ventilation can become altered, leading to such respiratory
complications as:
A. Respiratory acidosis, atelectasis, and hypostatic pneumonia
B. Apneustic breathing, atypical pneumonia and respiratory alkalosis
C. Cheyne-Stokes respirations and spontaneous pneumothorax
D. Kussmaul’s respirations and hypoventilation
50. Immobility impairs bladder elimination, resulting in such disorders as

A. Increased urine acidity and relaxation of the perineal muscles, causing incontinence
B. Urine retention, bladder distention, and infection
C. Diuresis, natriuresis, and decreased urine specific gravity
D. Decreased calcium and phosphate levels in the urine
Test 5
1. The four major concepts in nursing theory are
A. Person, Environment, Nurse, Health B. Nurse, Person, Environment, Cure
C. Promotive, Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative D. Person, Environment, Nursing, Health
2. The act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery is theorized by
A. Nightingale B. Benner C. Swanson D. King
3. For her, Nursing is a theoretical system of knowledge that prescribes a process of analysis and action
related to care of the ill person
A. King B. Henderson C. Roy D. Leininger
4. According to her, Nursing is a helping or assisting profession to persons who are wholly or partly
dependent or when those who are supposedly caring for them are no longer able to give care.
A. Henderson B. Orem C. Swanson D. Neuman
5. Nursing is a unique profession, Concerned with all the variables affecting an individual’s response to
stressors, which are intra, inter and extra personal in nature
A. Neuman B. Johnson C. Watson D. Parse
6. The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those
activities contributing to health that he would perform unaided if he has the necessary strength, will and
knowledge, and do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.
A. Henderson B. Abdellah C. Levin D. Peplau
7. Caring is the essence and central unifying, a dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health
disciplines. Care is an essential human need.
A. Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson
8. Caring involves 5 processes: KNOWING, BEING WITH, DOING FOR, ENABLING and MAINTAINING
BELIEF.

9. Caring is healing, it is communicated through the consciousness of the nurse to the individual being cared
for. It allows access to higher human spirit
10.Caring means that person, events, projects and things matter to people. It reveals stress and coping
options. Caring creates responsibility. It is an inherent feature of nursing practice. It helps the nurse assist
clients to recover in the face of the illness.
A.Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson
11. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about profession according to Marie Jahoda?
A. A profession is an organization of an occupational group based on the application of special knowledge
B. It serves specific interest of a group C. It is altruistic
D. Quality of work is of greater importance than the rewards
12. Which of the following is NOT an attribute of a professional?
A. Concerned with quantity B. Self directed
C. Committed to spirit of inquiry D. Independent
13. The most unique characteristic of nursing as a profession is
A. Education B. Theory C. Caring D. Autonomy
14. This is the distinctive individual qualities that differentiate a person to another
A. Philosophy B. Personality C. Charm D. Character
15. Refers to the moral values and beliefs that are used as guides to personal behavior and actions
A. Philosophy B. Personality C. Charm D. Character
16. As a nurse manager, which of the following best describes this function
A. Initiate modification on client’s lifestyle B. Protect client’s right
C. Coordinates the activities of other members of the health team in managing patient care
D. Provide in service education programs, Use accurate nursing audit, formulate philosophy and vision of the
institution
17. What best describes nurses as a care provider
A. Determine client’s need B. Provide direct nursing care
C. Help client recognize and cope with stressful psychological situation
D. Works in combined effort with all those involved in patient’s care

18. The nurse questions a doctors order of Morphine sulfate 50 mg, IM for a client with pancreatitis. Which
role best fit that statement?
A. Change agent B. Client advocate C. Case manager D. Collaborator
19. These are nursing intervention that requires knowledge, skills and expertise of multiple health
professionals.
A. Dependent B. Independent C. Interdependent D. Intradependent
20. What type of patient care model is the most common for student nurses and private duty nurses?
A. Total patient care B. Team nursing C. Primary Nursing D. Case management
21. This is the best patient care model when there are many nurses but few patients.
A. Functional nursing B. Team nursing C. Primary nursing D. Total patient care
22. This patient care model works best when there are plenty of patient but few nurses
23. RN assumes 24 hour responsibility for the client to maintain continuity of care across shifts, days or visits.
24. Who developed the first theory of nursing?
A. Hammurabi B. Alexand C. Fabiola D. Nightingale
25. She introduces the NATURE OF NURSING MODEL.
A. Henderson B. Nightingale C. Parse D. Orlando
26. She described the four conservation principle.
A. Levin B. Leininger C. Orlando D. Parse
27. Proposed the HEALTH CARE SYSTEM MODEL.
A. Henderson B. Orem C. Parse D. Neuman
28. Conceptualized the BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM MODEL
A. Orem B. Johnson C. Henderson D. Parse
29. Developed the CLINICAL NURSING – A HELPING ART MODEL
A. Swanson B. Hall C. Weidenbach D. Zderad
30. Developed the ROLE MODELING and MODELING theory
A. Erickson,Tomlin,Swain B. Neuman C. Newman D. Benner and Wrubel

31. Proposed the GRAND THEORY OF NURSING AS CARING
A. Erickson, Tomlin, Swain B. Peterson,Zderad C. Bnner,Wrubel D. Boykin,Schoenhofer
32. Postulated the INTERPERSONAL ASPECT OF NURSING
A. Travelbee B. Swanson C. Zderad D. Peplau
33. He proposed the theory of morality that is based on MUTUAL TRUST
A. Freud B. Erikson C. Kohlberg D. Peters
34. He proposed the theory of morality based on PRINCIPLES
A. Freud B. Erikson C. Kohlberg D. Peters
35. Freud postulated that child adopts parental standards and traits through
A. Imitation B. Introjection C. Identification D. Regression
36. According to them, Morality is measured of how people treat human being and that a moral child strives
to be kind and just
A. Zderad and Peterson B. Benner and Wrubel C. Fowler and Westerhoff D. Schulman and Mekler
37. Postulated that FAITH is the way of behaving. He developed four theories of faith and development based
on his experience
A. Gilig B. Westerhoff C. Fowler D. Freud
38. He described the development of faith. He suggested that faith is a spiritual dimension that gives meaning
to a persons life. Faith according to him, is a relational phenomenon.
A. Giligan B. Westerhoff C. Fowler D. Freud
39. Established in 1906 by the Baptist foreign mission society of America. Miss rose nicolet, was it’s first
superintendent
A. St. Paul Hospital School of nursing B. Iloilo Mission Hospital School of nursing
C. Philippine General Hospital School of nursing D. St. Luke’s Hospital School of nursing
40. Anastacia Giron-Tupas was the first Filipino nurse to occupy the position of chief nurse in this hospital.
A. St. Paul Hospital B. Iloilo Mission Hospital
C. Philippine General Hospital D. St. Luke’s Hospital
41. She was the daughter of Hungarian kings, who feed 300-900 people everyday in their gate, builds
hospitals, and care of the poor and sick herself.
A. Elizabeth B. Catherine C. Nightingale D. Sairey Gamp
42. She dies of yellow fever in her search for truth to prove that yellow fever is carried by a mosquitoes.
A. Clara louise Maas B. Pearl Tucker C. Isabel Hampton Robb D. Caroline Hampton Robb
43. He was called the father of sanitation.
A. Abraham B. Hippocrate C. Moses D. Willam Halstead
44. The country where SHUSHURUTU originated
A. China B. Egypt C. India D. Babylonia
45. They put girls clothes on male infants to drive evil forces away
A. Chine B. Egyptian C. Indian D. Babylonian
46. In what period of nursing does people believe in TREPHINING to drive evil forces away?
A. Dark period B. Intuitive period C. Contemporary period D. Educative period
47. This period ended when Pastor Fliedner, build Kaiserwerth institute for the training of Deaconesses
A. Apprentice period B. Dark period C. Contemporary period D. Educative period
48. Period of nursing where religious Christian orders emerged to take care of the sick
49. Founded the second order of St. Francis of Assisi
A. St. Catherine B. St. Anne C. St. Clare D. St. Elizabeth
50. This period marked the religious upheaval of Luther, Who questions the Christian faith.
51. According to the Biopsychosocial and spiritual theory of Sister Callista Roy, Man, As a SOCIAL being is
A. Like all other men B. Like some other men C. Like no other men D. Like men
52. She conceptualized that man, as an Open system is in constant interaction and transaction with a
changing environment.
A. Roy B. Levin C. Neuman D. Newman
53. In a CLOSED system, which of the following is true?
A. Affected by matter B. A sole island in vast ocean
C. Allows input D. Constantly affected by matter, energy, information
54. Who postulated the WHOLISTIC concept that the totality is greater than sum of its parts?
A. Roy B. Rogers C. Henderson D. Johnson
55. She theorized that man is composed of sub and supra systems. Subsystems are cells, tissues, organs and
systems while the suprasystems are family, society and community.
A. Roy B. Roger C. Henderson D. Johnson
56. Which of the following is not true about the human needs?
A. Certain needs are common to all people
B. Needs should be followed exactly in accordance with their hierar
C. Needs are stimulated by internal factors
D. Needs are stimulated by external factors
57. Which of the following is TRUE about the human needs?
A. May not be deferred B. Are not interrelated
C. Met in exact and rigid way D. Priorities are alterable
58. According to Maslow, which of the following is NOT TRUE about a self actualized person?
A. Understands poetry, music, philosophy, science etc. B. Desires privacy, autonomous
C. Follows the decision of the majority, uphold justice and truth D. Problem centered
59. According to Maslow, which of the following is TRUE about a self actualized person?
A. Makes decision contrary to public opinion B. Do not predict events
C. Self centered D. Maximum degree of self conflict
60. This is the essence of mental health
A. Self awareness B. Self actualization C. Self esteem D. Self worth
61. Florence Nightingale was born in
A. Germany B. Britain C. France D. Italy
62. Which is unlikely of Florence Nightingale?
A. Born May 12, 1840 B. Built St. Thomas school of nursing when she was 40 years old
C. Notes in nursing D. Notes in hospital
63. What country did Florence Nightingale train in nursing?
A. Belgium B. US C. Germany D. England
64. Which of the following is recognized for developing the concept of HIGH LEVEL WELLNESS?
A. Erikson B. Madaw C. Peplau D. Dunn
65. One of the expectations is for nurses to join professional association primarily because of
A. Promotes advancement and professional growth among its members

B. Works for raising funds for nurse’s benefit C. Facilitate and establishes acquaintances
D. Assist them and securing jobs abroad
66. Founder of the PNA
A. Julita Sotejo B. Anastacia Giron Tupas C. Eufemia Octaviano D. Anesia Dionisio
67. Which of the following provides that nurses must be a member of a national nurse organization?
A. R.A 877 B. 1981 Code of ethics approved by the house of delegates and the PNA
C. Board resolution No. 1955 Promulgated by the BON D. RA 7164
68. Which of the following best describes the action of a nurse who documents her nursing diagnosis?
A. She documents it and charts it whenever necessary B. She can be accused of malpractice
C. She does it regularly as an important responsibility D. She charts it only when the patient is acutely ill
69. Which of the following does not govern nursing practice
A. RA 71 B. RA 9173 C. BON Res. Code Of Ethic D. BON Res. Scope of Nursing Practice
70. A nurse who is maintaining a private clinic in the community renders service on maternal and child
health among the neighborhood for a fee is:
A. Primary care nurse B. Independent nurse practitioner C. Nurse-Midwife D. Nurse specialist
71. When was the PNA founded?
A. September 22, 1922 B. September 02, 1920 C. October 21, 1922 D. September 02, 1922
72. Who was the first president of the PNA ?
A. Anastacia Giron-Tupas B. Loreto Tupas C. Rosario Montenegro D. Ricarda Mendoza
73. Defines health as the ability to maintain internal milieu. Illness according to him/her/them is the failure to
maintain internal environment.
A. Cannon B. Bernard C. Leddy and Pepper D. Roy
74. Postulated that health is a state and process of being and becoming an integrated and whole person.
A. Cannon B. Bernard C. Dunn D. Roy
75. What regulates HOMEOSTASIS according to the theory of Walter Cannon?
A. Positive feedback B. Negative feedback C. Buffer system D. Various mechanisms
76. Stated that health is WELLNESS. A termed define by the culture or an individual.
A. Roy B. Henderson C. Rogers D. King

77. Defined health as a dynamic state in the life cycle, and Illness as interference in the life cycle
A. Roy B. Henderson C. Rogers D. King
78. She defined health as the soundness and wholness of developed human structure and bodily mental
functioning.
A. Orem B. Henderson C. Neuman D. Clark
79. According to her, Wellness is a condition in which all parts and subparts of an individual are in harmony
with the whole system.
A. Orem B. Henderson C. Neuman D. Johnson
80. Postulated that health is reflected by the organization, interaction, interdependence and integration of the
subsystem of the behavioral system.
A. Orem B. Henderson C. Neuman D. Johnson
81. According to them, Well being is a subjective perception of BALANCE, HARMONY and VITALIT
A. Leavell and Clark B. Peterson and Zderad C. Benner and Wruber D. Leddy and Pepper
82. He describes the WELLNESS-ILLNESS Continuum as interaction of the environment with well being
and illness.
A. Cannon B. Bernard C. Dunn D. Clark
83. An integrated method of functioning that is oriented towards maximizing one’s potential within the
limitation of the environment.
A. Well being B. Health C. Low level Wellness D. High level Wellness
84. What kind of illness precursor, according to DUNN is cigarette smoking
A. Heredity B. Social C. Behavioral D. Environmental
85. According to DUNN, Overcrowding is what type of illness precursor?
A. Heredity B. Social C. Behavioral D. Environmental
86. Health belief model was formulated in 1975 by who?
A. Becker B. Smith C. Dunn D. Leavell and Clark
87. In health belief model, Individual perception matters. Which of the following is highly UNLIKELY to
influence preventive behavior?
A. Perceived susceptibility to an illness B. Perceived seriousness of an illness
C. Perceived threat of an illness D. Perceived curability of an illness

88. Which of the following is not a PERCEIVED BARRIER in preventive action?
A. Difficulty adhering to the lifestyle B. Economic factors
C. Accessibility of health care facilities D. Increase adherence to medical therapies
89. Conceptualizes that health is a condition of actualization or realization of person’s potential. Avers that
the highest aspiration of people is fulfillment and complete development actualization.
A. Clinical Model B. Role performance Model C. Adaptive Model D. Eudaemonistic Model
90. Views people as physiologic system and Absence of sign and symptoms equates health.
A. Clinical Model B. Role performance Model C. Adaptive Model D. Eudaemonistic Model
91. Knowledge about the disease and prior contact with it is what type of VARIABLE according to the health
belief model?
A. Demographic B. Sociopsychologic C. Structural D. Cues to action
92. It includes internal and external factors that leads the individual to seek help
A. Demographic B. Sociopsychological C. Structural D. Cues to action
93. Influence from peers and social pressure is included in what variable of HBM?
94. Age, Sex, Race etc. is included in what variable of HBM?
95. According to Leavell and Clark’s ecologic model, All of this are factors that affects health and illness
except
A. Reservoir B. Agent C. Environment D. Host
96. Is a multi dimensional model developed by PENDER that describes the nature of persons as they interact
within the environment to pursue health.
A. Ecologic Model B. Health Belief Model
C. Health Promotion Model D. Health Prevention Model
97. Defined by Pender as all activities directed toward increasing the level of well being and self actualization.
A. Health prevention B. Health promotion C. Health teaching D. Self actualization
98. Defined as an alteration in normal function resulting in reduction of capacities and shortening of life span.
A. Illness B. Disease C. Health D. Wellness

99. Personal state in which a person feels unhealthy
100. According to her, Caring is defined as a nurturant way of responding to a valued client towards whom
the nurse feels a sense of commitment and responsibility.
Test 6
1. When the General adaptation syndrome is activated, FLIGHT OR FIGHT response sets in. Sympathetic
nervous system releases norepinephrine while the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine. Which of the
following is true with regards to that statement?
A. Pupils will constrict
B. Client will be lethargic
C. Lungs will bronchodilate
D. Gastric motility will increase
2. Which of the following response is not expected to a person whose GAS is activated and the FIGHT OR
FLIGHT response sets in?
A. The client will not urinate due to relaxation of the detrusor muscle
B. The client will be restless and alert
C. Clients BP will increase, there will be vasodilation
D. There will be increase glycogenolysis, Pancrease will decrease insulin secretion
3. State in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual and social development or spiritual functioning is
diminished or impaired compared with a previous experience.
4. This is the first stage of illness wherein, the person starts to believe that something is wrong. Also known as
the transition phase from wellness to illness.
A. Symptom Experience B. Assumption of sick role
C. Medical care contact D. Dependent patient role
5. In this stage of illness, the person accepts or rejects a professionals suggestion. The person also becomes
passive and may regress to an earlier stage.

6. In this stage of illness, the person learns to accept the illness
7. In this stage, the person tries to find answers for his illness. He wants his illness to be validated, his
symptoms explained and the outcome reassured or predicted
8. The following are true with regards to aspect of the sick role except
A. One should be held responsible for his condition B. One is excused from his societal role
C. One is obliged to get well as soon as possible D. One is obliged to seek competent help
9. Refers to conditions that increases vulnerability of individual or group to illness or accident
A. Predisposing factor B. Etiology C. Risk factor D. Modifiable Risks
10. Refers to the degree of resistance the potential host has against a certain pathogen
A. Susceptibility B. Immunity C. Virulence D. Etiologys
11. A group of symptoms that sums up or constitute a disease
A. Syndrome B. Symptoms C. Signs D. Etiology
12. A woman undergoing radiation therapy developed redness and burning of the skin around the best. This
is best classified as what type of disease?
A. Neoplastic B. Traumatic C. Nosocomial D. Iatrogenic
13. The classification of CANCER according to its etiology Is best described as:
1. Nosocomial 2. Idiopathic 3. Neoplastic 4. Traumatic 5. Congenital 6. Degenrative
A. 5 and 2 B. 2 and 3 C. 3 and 4 D. 3 and 5
14. Term to describe the reactiviation and recurrence of pronounced symptoms of a disease
A. Remission B. Emission C. Exacerbation D. Sub acute
15. A type of illness characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation
A. Chronic B. Acute C. Sub acute D. Sub chronic
16. Diseases that results from changes in the normal structure, from recognizable anatomical changes in an
organ or body tissue is termed as
A. Functional B. Occupational C. Inorganic D. Organic

17. It is the science of organism as affected by factors in their environment. It deals with the relationship
between disease and geographical environment.
A. Epidemiology B. Ecology C. Statistics D. Geography
18. This is the study of the patterns of health and disease. Its occurrence and distribution in man, for the
purpose of control and prevention of disease
A. Epidemiology B. Ecology C. Statistics D. Geography
19. Refers to diseases that produced no anatomic changes but as a result from abnormal response to a stimuli.
A. Functional B. Occupational C. Inorganic D. Organic
20. In what level of prevention according to Leavell and Clark does the nurse support the client in obtaining
OPTIMAL HEALTH STATUS after a disease or injury?
A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. None of the above
21. In what level of prevention does the nurse encourage optimal health and increases person’s susceptibility
to illness?
22. Also known as HEALTH MAINTENANCE prevention.
23. PPD In occupational health nursing is what type of prevention?
24. BCG in community health nursing is what type of prevention?
25. A regular pap smear for woman every 3 years after establishing normal pap smear for 3 consecutive years
Is advocated. What level of prevention does this belongs?
26. Self monitoring of blood glucose for diabetic clients is on what level of prevention?
27. Which is the best way to disseminate information to the public?
A. Newspaper B. School bulletins C. Community bill boards D. Radio and Television
28. Who conceptualized health as integration of parts and subparts of an individual?
A. Newman B. Neuman C. Watson D. Rogers

29. The following are concept of health:
1. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely an absence of disease or
infirmity.
2. Health is the ability to maintain balance
3. Health is the ability to maintain internal milieu
4. Health is integration of all parts and subparts of an individual
A. 1,2,3 B. 1,3,4 C. 2,3,4 D. 1,2,3,4
30. The theorist the advocated that health is the ability to maintain dynamic equilibrium is
A. Bernard B. Selye C. Cannon D. Rogers
31. Excessive alcohol intake is what type of risk factor?
A. Genetics B. Age C. Environment D. Lifestyle
32. Osteoporosis and degenerative diseases like Osteoarthritis belongs to what type of risk factor?
A. Genetics B. Age C. Environment D. Lifestyle
33. Also known as STERILE TECHNIQUE
A. Surgical Asepsis B. Medical Asepsis C. Sepsis D. Asepsis
34. This is a person or animal, who is without signs of illness but harbors pathogen within his body and can
be transferred to another
A. Host B. Agent C. Environment D. Carrier
35. Refers to a person or animal, known or believed to have been exposed to a disease.
A. Carrier B. Contact C. Agent D. Host
36. A substance usually intended for use on inanimate objects, that destroys pathogens but not the spores.
A. Sterilization B. Disinfectant C. Antiseptic D. Autoclave
37. This is a process of removing pathogens but not their spores
A. Sterilization B. Auto claving C. Disinfection D. Medical asepsis
38. The third period of infectious processes characterized by development of specific signs and symptoms
A. Incubation period B. Prodromal period C. Illness period D. Convalescent period
39. A child with measles developed fever and general weakness after being exposed to another child with
rubella. In what stage of infectious process does this child belongs?

40. A 50 year old mailman carried a mail with anthrax powder in it. A minute after exposure, he still hasn’t
developed any signs and symptoms of anthrax. In what stage of infectious process does this man belongs?
41. Considered as the WEAKEST LINK in the chain of infection that nurses can manipulate to prevent
spread of infection and diseases
A. Etiologic/Infectious agent B. Portal of Entry C. Susceptible host D. Mode of transmission
42. Which of the following is the exact order of the infection chain?
1. Susceptible host 2. Portal of entry 3. Portal of exit
4. Etiologic agent 5. Reservoir 6. Mode of transmission
A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 B. 5, 4, 2, 3, 6, 1 C. 4, 5, 3, 6, 2, 1 D. 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
43. Markee, A 15 year old high school student asked you. What is the mode of transmission of Lyme disease.
You correctly answered him that Lyme disease is transmitted via
A. Direct contact transmission B. Vehicle borne transmission
C. Air borne transmission D. Vector borne transmission
44. The ability of the infectious agent to cause a disease primarily depends on all of the following except
A. Pathogenicity B. Virulence C. Invasiveness D. Non Specificity
45. Contact transmission of infectious organism in the hospital is usually cause by
A. Urinary catheterization B. Spread from patient to patient
C. Spread by cross contamination via hands of caregiver
D. Cause by unclean instruments used by doctors and nurses
46. Transmission occurs when an infected person sneezes, coughs or laugh that is usually projected at a
distance of 3 feet.
A. Droplet transmission B. Airborne transmission C. Vehicle transmission D. Vector borne transmission
47. Considered as the first line of defense of the body against infection
A. Skin B. WBC C. Leukocytes D. Immunization
48. All of the following contributes to host susceptibility except
A. Creed B. Immunization C. Current medication being taken D. Color of the skin
49. Graciel has been injected TT5, her last dosed for tetanus toxoid immunization. Graciel asked you, what
type of immunity is TT Injections? You correctly answer her by saying Tetanus toxoid immunization is a/an
A. Natural active immunity B. Natural passive immunity

C. Artificial active immunity D. Artificial passive immunity
50. Agatha, was hacked and slashed by a psychotic man while she was crossing the railway. She suffered
multiple injuries and was injected Tetanus toxoid Immunoglobulin. Agatha asked you, What immunity does
TTIg provides? You best answered her by saying TTIg provides
A. Natural active immunity B. Natural passive immunity
C. Artificial active immunity D. Artificial passive immunity
51. This is the single most important procedure that prevents cross contamination and infection
A. Cleaning B. Disinfecting C. Sterilizing D. Handwashing
52. This is considered as the most important aspect of handwashing
A. Time B. Friction C. Water D. Soap
53. In handwashing by medical asepsis, hands are held
A. Above the elbow, The hands must always be above the waist
B. Above the elbow, The hands are cleaner than the elbow
C. Below the elbow, Medical asepsis do not require hands to be above the waist
D. Below the elbow, Hands are dirtier than the lower arms
54. The suggested time per hand on handwashing using the time method is
A. 5 to 10 seconds each hand B. 10 to 15 seconds each hand
C. 15 to 30 seconds each hand D. 30 to 60 seconds each hand
55. The minimum time in washing each hand should never be below
A. 5 seconds B. 10 seconds C. 15 seconds D. 30 seconds
56. How many ml of liquid soap is recommended for handwashing procedure?
A. 1-2 ml B. 2-3 ml C. 2-4 m D. 5-10 ml
57. Which of the following is not true about sterilization, cleaning and disinfection?
A. Equipment with small lumen are easier to clean
B. Sterilization is the complete destruction of all viable microorganism including spores
C. Some organism are easily destroyed, while other, with coagulated protein requires longer time
D. The number of organism is directly proportional to the length of time required for sterilization
58. Karlita asked you, How long should she boil her glass baby bottle in water? You correctly answered her
by saying
A. The minimum time for boiling articles is 5 minutes
B. Boil the glass baby bottler and other articles for atleast 10 minutes
C. For boiling to be effective, a minimum of 15 minutes is required
D. It doesn’t matter how long you boil the articles, as long as the water reached 100 degree Celsius
59. This type of disinfection is best done in sterilizing drugs, foods and other things that are required to be
sterilized before taken in by the human body
A. Boiling Water B. Gas sterilization C. Steam under pressure D. Radiation
60. A TB patient was discharged in the hospital. A UV Lamp was placed in the room where he stayed for a
week. What type of disinfection is this?
A. Concurrent disinfection B. Terminal disinfection C. Regular disinfection D. Routine disinfection
61. Which of the following is not true in implementing medical asepsis
A. Wash hand before and after patient contact B. Keep soiled linens from touching the clothings
C. Shake the linens to remove dust D. Practice good hygiene
62. Which of the following is true about autoclaving or steam under pressure?
A. All kinds of microorganism and their spores are destroyed by autoclave machine
B. The autoclaved instruments can be used for 1 month considering the bags are still intact
C. The instruments are put into unlocked position, on their hinge, during the autoclave
D. Autoclaving different kinds of metals at one time is advisable
63. Which of the following is true about masks?
A. Mask should only cover the nose B. Mask functions better if they are wet with alcohol
C. Masks can provide durable protection even when worn for a long time and after each and every patient care
D. N95 Mask or particulate masks can filter organism as mall as 1 micromillimeter
64. Where should you put a wet adult diaper?
A. Green trashcan B. Black trashcan C. Orange trashcan D. Yellow trashcan
65. Needles, scalpels, broken glass and lancets are considered as injurious wastes. As a nurse, it is correct to
put them at disposal via a/an
A. Puncture proof container B. Reused PET Bottles
C. Black trashcan D. Yellow trashcan with a tag “INJURIOUS WASTES”

66. Miranda Priestly, An executive of RAMP magazine, was diagnosed with cancer of the cervix. You noticed
that the radioactive internal implant protrudes to her vagina where supposedly, it should be in her cervix.
What should be your initial action?
A. Using a long forceps, Push it back towards the cervix then call the physician
B. Wear gloves, remove it gently and place it on a lead container
C. Using a long forceps, Remove it and place it on a lead container
D. Call the physician, You are not allowed to touch, re insert or remove it
67. After leech therapy, Where should you put the leeches?
A. In specially marked BIO HAZARD Containers B. Yellow trashcan C. Black trashcan
D. Leeches are brought back to the culture room, they are not thrown away for they are reusable
68. Which of the following should the nurse AVOID doing in preventing spread of infection?
A. Recapping the needle before disposal to prevent injuries
B. Never pointing a needle towards a body part
C. Using only Standard precaution to AIDS Patients
D. Do not give fresh and uncooked fruits and vegetables to Mr. Gatchie, with Neutropenia
69. Where should you put Mr. Alejar, with Category II TB?
A. In a room with positive air pressure and atleast 3 air exchanges an hour
B. In a room with positive air pressure and atleast 6 air exchanges an hour
C. In a room with negative air pressure and atleast 3 air exchanges an hour
D. In a room with negative air pressure and atleast 6 air exchanges an hour
70. A client has been diagnosed with RUBELLA. What precaution is used for this patient?
A. Standard precaution B. Airborne precaution C. Droplet precaution D. Contact precaution
71. A client has been diagnosed with MEASLES. What precaution is used for this patient?
72. A client has been diagnosed with IMPETIGO. What precaution is used for this patient?
73. The nurse is to insert an NG Tube when suddenly, she accidentally dip the end of the tube in the client’s
glass containing distilled drinking water which is definitely not sterile. As a nurse, what should you do?
A. Don’t mind the incident, continue to insert the NG Tube B. Obtain a new NG Tube for the client
C. Disinfect the NG Tube before reinserting it again D. Ask your senior nurse what to do
74. All of the following are principle of SURGICAL ASEPSIS except
A. Microorganism travels to moist surfaces faster than with dry surfaces
B. When in doubt about the sterility of an object, consider it not sterile
C. Once the skin has been sterilized, considered it sterile
D. If you can reach the object by overreaching, just move around the sterile field to pick it rather than reaching for it
75. Which of the following is true in SURGICAL ASEPSIS?
A. Autoclaved linens and gowns are considered sterile for about 4 months as long as the bagging is intact
B. Surgical technique is a sole effort of each nurse
C. Sterile conscience, is the best method to enhance sterile technique
D. If a scrubbed person leaves the area of the sterile field, He/she must do handwashing and gloving again, but the
gown need not be changed.
76. In putting sterile gloves, Which should be gloved first?
A. The dominant hand B. The non dominant hand C. The left hand
D. No specific order, Its up to the nurse for her own convenience
77. As the scrubbed nurse, when should you apply the goggles, shoe cap and mask prior to the operation?
A. Immediately after entering the sterile field B. After surgical hand scrub
C. Before surgical hand scrub D. Before entering the sterile field
78. Which of the following should the nurse do when applying gloves prior to a surgical procedure?
A. Slipping gloved hand with all fingers when picking up the second glove
B. Grasping the first glove by inserting four fingers, with thumbs up underneath the cuff
C. Putting the gloves into the dominant hand first
D. Adjust only the fitting of the gloves after both gloves are on
79. Which gloves should you remove first?
A. The glove of the non dominant hand B. The glove of the dominant hand
C. The glove of the left hand D. Order in removing the gloves Is unnecessary
80. Before a surgical procedure, Give the sequence on applying the protective items listed below
1. Eye wear or goggles 2. Cap 3. Mask 4. Gloves 5. Gown

A. 3, 2, 1, 5, 4 B. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 C. 2, 3, 1, 5, 4 D. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5
81. In removing protective devices, which should be the exact sequence?
1. Eye wear or goggles 2. Cap 3. Mask 4. Gloves 5. Gown
A. 4, 3, 5, 1, 2 B. 2, 3, 1, 5, 4 C. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
82. In pouring a plain NSS into a receptacle located in a sterile field, how high should the nurse hold the
bottle above the receptacle?
A. 1 inch B. 3 inches C. 6 inches D. 10 inches
83. The tip of the sterile forceps is considered sterile. It is used to manipulate the objects in the sterile field
using the non sterile hands. How should the nurse hold a sterile forceps?
A. The tip should always be lower than the handle B. The tip should always be above the handle
C. The handle and the tip should be at the same level
D. The handle should point downward and the tip, always upward
84. The nurse enters the room of the client on airborne precaution due to tuberculosis. Which of the following
are appropriate actions by the nurse?
1. She wears mask, covering the nose and mouth
2. She washes her hands before and after removing gloves, after suctioning the client’s secretion
3. She removes gloves and hands before leaving the client’s room
4. She discards contaminated suction catheter tip in trashcan found in the clients room
A. 1, 2 B. 1, 2, 3 C. 1, 2, 3, 4 D. 1, 3
85. When performing surgical hand scrub, which of the following nursing action is required to prevent
contamination?
1. Keep fingernail short, clean and with nail polish 2. Open faucet with knee or foot control
3. Keep hands above the elbow when washing and rinsing
4. Wear cap, mask, shoe cover after you scrubbed
A. 1, 2 B. 2, 3 C. 1, 2, 3 D. 2, 3, 4
86. When removing gloves, which of the following is an inappropriate nursing action?
A. Wash gloved hand first B. Peel off gloves inside out
C. Use glove to glove skin to skin technique D. Remove mask and gown before removing gloves
87. Which of the following is TRUE in the concept of stress?
A. Stress is not always present in diseases and illnesses

B. Stress are only psychological and manifests psychological symptoms
C. All stressors evoke common adaptive response
D. Hemostasis refers to the dynamic state of equilibrium
88. According to this theorist, in his modern stress theory, Stress is the non specific response of the body to
any demand made upon it.
A. Hans Selye B. Walter Cannon C. Claude Bernard D. Martha Rogers
89. Which of the following is NOT TRUE with regards to the concept of Modern Stress Theory?
A. Stress is not a nervous energy B. Man, whenever he encounters stresses, always adapts to it
C. Stress is not always something to be avoided D. Stress does not always lead to distress
90. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to the concept of Modern Stress Theory?
A. Stress is essential B. Man does not encounter stress if he is asleep
C. A single stress can cause a disease D. Stress always leads to distress
91. Which of the following is TRUE in the stage of alarm of general adaptation syndrome?
A. Results from the prolonged exposure to stress B. Levels or resistance is increased
C. Characterized by adaptation D. Death can ensue
92. The stage of GAS where the adaptation mechanism begins
A. Stage of Alarm B. Stage of Resistance C. Stage of Homeostasis D. Stage of Exhaustion
93. Stage of GAS Characterized by adaptation
94. Stage of GAS wherein, the Level of resistance are decreased
95. Where in stages of GAS does a person moves back into HOMEOSTASIS?
96. Stage of GAS that results from prolonged exposure to stress. Here, death will ensue unless extra adaptive
mechanisms are utilized
97. All but one is a characteristic of adaptive response
A. This is an attempt to maintain homeostasis B. There is a totality of response
C. Adaptive response is immediately mobilized, doesn’t require time D. Response varies from person to person
98. Andy, a newly hired nurse, starts to learn the new technology and electronic devices at the hospital.
Which of the following mode of adaptation is Andy experiencing?
A. Biologic/Physiologic adaptive mode B. Psychologic adaptive mode
C. Sociocultural adaptive mode D. Technological adaptive mode
99. Andy is not yet fluent in French, but he works in Quebec where majority speaks French. He is starting to
learn the language of the people. What type of adaptation is Andy experiencing?
C. Sociocultural adaptive mode D. Technological adaptive mod
100. Andy made an error and his senior nurse issued a written warning. Andy arrived in his house mad and
kicked the door hard to shut it off. What adaptation mode is this?
C. Sociocultural adaptive mode D. Technological adaptive mode

Test 7
1. The coronary vessels, unlike any other blood vessels in the body, respond to sympathetic stimulation by
A. Vasoconstriction B. Vasodilatation
C. Decreases force of contractility D. Decreases cardiac output
2. What stress response can you expect from a patient with blood sugar of 50 mg / dl?
A. Body will try to decrease the glucose level B. There will be a halt in release of sex hormones
C. Client will appear restless D. Blood pressure will increase
3. All of the following are purpose of inflammation except
A. Increase heat, thereby produce abatement of phagocytosis
B. Localized tissue injury by increasing capillary permeability
C. Protect the issue from injury by producing pain D. Prepare for tissue repair
4. The initial response of tissue after injury is
A. Immediate Vasodilation B. Transient Vasoconstriction
C. Immediate Vasoconstriction D. Transient Vasodilation
5. The last expected process in the stages of inflammation is characterized by
A. There will be sudden redness of the affected part B. Heat will increase on the affected part
C. The affected part will loss its normal function D. Exudates will flow from the injured site
6. What kind of exudates is expected when there is an antibody-antigen reaction as a result of microorganism
infection?
A. Serous B. Serosanguinous C. Purulent D. Sanguinous
7. The first manifestation of inflammation is
A. Redness on the affected area B. Swelling of the affected area
C. Pain, which causes guarding of the area D. Increase heat due to transient vasodilation
8. The client has a chronic tissue injury. Upon examining the client’s antibody for a particular cellular
response, Which of the following WBC component is responsible for phagocytosis in chronic tissue injury?
A. Neutrophils B. Basophils C. Eosinophils D. Monocytes
9. Which of the following WBC component proliferates in cases of Anaphylaxis?
A. Neutrophils B. Basophils C. Eosinophil D. Monocytes

10. Icheanne, ask you, her Nurse, about WBC Components. She got an injury yesterday after she twisted her
ankle accidentally at her gymnastic class. She asked you, which WBC Component is responsible for
proliferation at the injured site immediately following an injury. You answer:
A. Neutrophils B. Basophils C. Eosinophils D. Monocytes
11. Icheanne then asked you, what is the first process that occurs in the inflammatory response after injury,
You tell her:
A. Phagocytosis B. Emigration C. Pavementation D. Chemotaxis
12. Icheanne asked you again, What is that term that describes the magnetic attraction of injured tissue to
bring phagocytes to the site of injury?
A. Icheanne, you better sleep now, you asked a lot of questions B. It is Diapedesis
C. We call that Emigration D. I don’t know the answer, perhaps I can tell you after I find it out later
13. This type of healing occurs when there is a delayed surgical closure of infected wound
A. First intention B. Second intention C. Third intention D. Fourth intention
14. Type of healing when scars are minimal due to careful surgical incision and good healing
15. Imelda, was slashed and hacked by an unknown suspects. She suffered massive tissue loss and laceration
on her arms and elbow in an attempt to evade the criminal. As a nurse, you know that the type of healing that
will most likely occur to Miss Imelda is
16. Imelda is in the recovery stage after the incident. As a nurse, you know that the diet that will be
prescribed to Miss Imelda is
A. Low calorie, High protein with Vitamin A and C rich foods
B. High protein, High calorie with Vitamin A and C rich foods
C. High calorie, Low protein with Vitamin A and C rich food
D. Low calorie, Low protein with Vitamin A and C rich foods
17. Miss Imelda asked you, What is WET TO DRY Dressing method? Your best response is
A. It is a type of mechanical debridement using Wet dressing that is applied and left to dry to remove dead tissues
B. It is a type of surgical debridement with the use of Wet dressing to remove the necrotic tissues
C. It is a type of dressing where in, The wound is covered with Wet or Dry dressing to prevent contamination
D. It is a type of dressing where in, A cellophane or plastic is placed on the wound over a wet dressing to stimulate
healing of the wound in a wet medium
18. The primary cause of pain in inflammation is
A. Release of pain mediators B. Injury to the nerve endings
C. Compression of the local nerve endings by the edema fluids
D. Circulation is lessen, Supply of oxygen is insufficient
19. The client is in stress because he was told by the physician he needs to undergo surgery for removal of
tumor in his bladder. Which of the following are effects of sympatho-adreno-medullary response by the
client?
1. Constipation 2. Urinary frequency 3. Hyperglycemia 4. Increased blood pressure
A. 3,4 B. 1,3,4 C.1,2,4 D.1,4
20. The client is on NPO post midnight. Which of the following, if done by the client, is sufficient to cancel the
operation in the morning?
A. Eat a full meal at 10:00 P.M B. Drink fluids at 11:50 P.M
C. Brush his teeth the morning before operation D. Smoke cigarette around 3:00 A.M
21. The client place on NPO for preparation of the blood test. Adreno-cortical response is activated and
which of the following below is an expected response?
A. Low BP B. Decrease Urine output C. Warm, flushed, dry skin D. Low serum sodium levels
22. Which of the following is true about therapeutic relationship?
A. Directed towards helping an individual both physically and emotionally
B. Bases on friendship and mutual trust
C. Goals are set by the solely nurse
D. Maintained even after the client doesn’t need anymore of the Nurse’s help
23. According to her, A nurse patient relationship is composed of 4 stages : Orientation, Identification,
Exploitation and Resolution
A. Roy B. Peplau C. Rogers D. Travelbee
24. In what phase of Nurse patient relationship does a nurse review the client’s medical records thereby
learning as much as possible about the client?
A. Pre Orientation B. Orientation C. Working D. Termination
25. Nurse Aida has seen her patient, Roger for the first time. She establish a contract about the frequency of
meeting and introduce to Roger the expected termination. She started taking baseline assessment and set
interventions and outcomes. On what phase of NPR Does Nurse Aida and Roger belong?

26. Roger has been seen agitated, shouting and running. As Nurse Aida approaches, he shouts and swear,
calling Aida names. Nurse Aida told Roger “That is an unacceptable behavior Roger, Stop and go to your
room now.” The situation is most likely in what phase of NPR?
27. Nurse Aida, in spite of the incident, still consider Roger as worthwhile simply because he is a human
being. What major ingredient of a therapeutic communication is Nurse Aida using?
A. Empathy B. Positive regard C. Comfortable sense of self D. Self awareness
28. Nurse Irma saw Roger and told Nurse Aida “ Oh look at that psychotic patient “ Nurse Aida should
intervene and correct Nurse Irma because her statement shows that she is lacking?
A. Empathy B. Positive regard C. Comfortable sense of self D. Self awareness
29. Which of the following statement is not true about stress?
A. It is a nervous energy B. It is an essential aspect of existence
C. It has been always a part of human experience D. It is something each person has to cope
30. Martina, a tennis champ was devastated after many new competitors outpaced her in the Wimbledon
event.She became depressed and always seen crying. Martina is clearly on what kind of situation?
A. Martina is just stressed out B. Martina is Anxious
C. Martina is in the exhaustion stage of GAS D. Martina is in Crisis
31. Which of the following statement is not true with regards to anxiety?
A. It has physiologic component B. It has psychologic component
C. The source of dread or uneasiness is from an unrecognized entity
D. The source of dread or uneasiness is from a recognized entity
32. Lorraine, a 27 year old executive was brought to the ER for an unknown reason. She is starting to speak
but her speech is disorganized and cannot be understood. On what level of anxiety does this features belongs?
A. Mild B. Moderate C. Severe D. Panic
33. Elton, 21 year old nursing student is taking the board examination. She is sweating profusely, has
decreased awareness of his environment and is purely focused on the exam questions characterized by his
selective attentiveness. What anxiety level is Elton exemplifying?
A. Mild B. Moderate C. Severe D. Panic
34. You noticed the patient chart : ANXIETY +3 What will you expect to see in this client?
A. An optimal time for learning, hearing and perception is greatly increased
B. Dilated pupils C. Unable to communicate D. Palliative Coping Mechanism

35. When should the nurse starts giving XANAX?
A. When anxiety is +
B. When the client starts to have a narrow perceptual field and selective inattentiveness
C. When problem solving is not possible
D. When the client is immobile and disorganized
36. Which of the following behavior is not a sign or a symptom of Anxiety?
A. Frequent hand movement B. Somatization C. The client asks a question D. The client is acting out
37. Which of the following intervention is inappropriate for client’s with anxiety?
A. Offer choices B. Provide a quiet and calm environment
C. Provide detailed explanation on each and every procedures and equipment
D. Bring anxiety down to a controllable level
38. Which of the following statement, if made by the nurse, is considered not therapeutic?
A. “How did you deal with your anxiety before?” B. “It must be awful to feel anxious.”
C. “How does it feel to be anxious?” D. “What makes you feel anxious?”
39. Marissa Salva, Uses Benson’s relaxation. How is it done?
A. Systematically tensing muscle groups from top to bottom for 5 seconds, and then releasing them
B. Concentrating on breathing without tensing the muscle, Letting go and repeating a word or sound after each
exhalation
C. Using a strong positive, feeling-rich statement about a desired change
D. Exercise combined with meditation to foster relaxation and mental alacrity
40. What type of relaxation technique does Lyza uses if a machine is showing her pulse rate, temperature and
muscle tension which she can visualize and assess?
A. Biofeedback B. Massage C. Autogenic training D. Visualization and Imagery
41. This is also known as Self-suggestion or Self-hypnosis
A. Biofeedback B. Meditation C. Autogenic training D. Visualization and Imagery
42. Which among these drugs is NOT an anxiolytic?
A. Valium B. Ativan C. Milltown D. Luvox

43. Kenneth, 25 year old diagnosed with HIV felt that he had not lived up with God’s expectation. He fears
that in the course of his illness, God will be punitive and not be supportive. What kind of spiritual crisis is
Kenneth experiencing?
1. Spiritual Pain 2. Spiritual Anxiety 3. Spiritual Guilt 4. Spiritual Despair
A. 1,2 B. 2,3 C. 3,4 D. 1,4
44. Grace, believes that her relationship with God is broken. She tried to go to church to ask forgiveness
everyday to remedy her feelings. What kind of spiritual distress is Grace experiencing?
A. Spiritual Pan B. Spiritual Alienation C. Spiritual Guilt D. Spiritual Despair
45. Remedios felt “EMPTY” She felt that she has already lost God’s favor and love because of her sins. This
is a type of what spiritual crisis?
A. Spiritual Anger B. Spiritual Loss C. Spiritual Despair D. Spiritual Anxiety
46. Blake is working with a schizophrenic patient. He noticed that the client is agitated, pacing back and
forth, restless and experiencing Anxiety +3. Blake said “You appear restless” What therapeutic technique did
Blake used?
A. Offering general leads B. Seeking clarification
C. Making observation D. Encouraging description of perception
47. Ronny told Blake “I see dead people.” Blake responded, “You see dead people?” This exchange is an
example of what therapeutic communication technique?
A. Reflecting B. Restating C. Exploring D. Seeking clarification
48. Ronny told Blake, “Do you think I’m crazy?” Blake responded, “Do you think you’re crazy?” Blake uses
what example of therapeutic communication?
49. Myra, 21 year old nursing student has difficulty sleeping. She told Nurse Blake “I really think a lot about
my ex-boyfriend recently.” Blake told Myra “And that causes you difficulty sleeping?” Which therapeutic
technique is used in this situation?
50. Myra told Blake “I cannot sleep, I stay away all night.” Blake told her “You have difficulty sleeping?”
This is what type of therapeutic communication technique?
51. Myra said “I saw my dead grandmother here at my bedside a while ago.” Blake responded “Really? That
is hard to believe. How do you feel about it?” What technique did Blake used?
A. Disproving B. Disagreeing C. Voicing Doubt D. Presenting Reality

52. Which of the following is a therapeutic communication in response to “I am a GOD, bow before me or ill
summon the dreaded thunder to burn you and purge you to pieces!
A. “You are not a GOD, you are Professor Tadle and you are a PE Teacher, not a Nurse. I am Glen, your nurse.”
B. “Oh hail GOD Tadle, everyone bow or face his wrath!”
C. “Hello Mr. Tadle, You are here in the hospital, I am your nurse and you are a patient here”
D. “How can you be a GOD Mr. Tadle? Can you tell me more about it?”
53. Erik John Senna, Told Nurse Blake “ I don’t want to that, I don’t want that thing.. that’s too painful!”
Which of the following response is NON THERAPEUTIC?
A. “This must be difficult for you, but I need to inject you this for your own good”
B. “You sound afraid”
C. “Are you telling me you don’t want this injection?”
D. “Why are you so anxious? Please tell me more about your feelings Erik”
54. Mr. Poncho was caught by the police because of his illegal activities. When he got home after paying for
the bail, he shouted at his son. What defense mechanism did Mr. Poncho used?
A. Restitution B. Projection C. Displacement D. Undoing
55. Later that day, he bought his son ice cream and food. What defense mechanism is Mr. Poncho
unconsciously doing?
A. Restitution B. Conversion C. Redoing D. Reaction formation
56. Crisis is a sudden event in ones life that disturbs a person’s homeostasis. Which of the following is NOT
TRUE in crisis?
A. The person experiences heightened feeling of stress
B. Inability to function in the usual organized manner
C. Lasts for 4 months
D. Indicates unpleasant emotional feelings
57. Which of the following is a characteristic of crisis?
A. Lasts for an unlimited period of time B. There is a triggering event
C. Situation is not dangerous to the person D. Person totality is not involved
58. Levito Devin, the Italian prime minister, is due to retire next week. He feels depressed due to the
enormous loss of influence, power, fame and fortune. What type of crisis is Devin experiencing?
A. Situational B. Maturational C. Social D. Phenomenal

59. Estrada, the Philippine president, has been unexpectedly impeached and was out of office before the end
of his term. He is in what type of crisis?
60. The tsunami in Thailand and Indonesia took thousands of people and change million lives. The people
affected by the tsunami are saddened and do not know how to start all over again. What type of crisis is this?
61. Which of the following is the BEST goal for crisis intervention?
A. Bring back the client in the pre crisis state B. Make sure that the client becomes better
C. Achieve independence D. Provide alternate coping mechanism
62. What is the best intervention when the client has just experienced the crisis and still at the first phase of
the crisis?
A. Behavior therapy B. Gestalt therapy C. Cognitive therapy D. Milieu Therapy
63. Therapeutic nurse client relationship is describes as follows
1. Based on friendship and mutual interest 2. It is a professional relationship
3. It is focused on helping the patient solve problems and achieve health-related goals
4. Maintained only as long as the patient requires professional help
A. 1,2,3 B. 1,2,4 C. 2,3,4 D. 1,3,4
64. The client is scheduled to have surgical removal of the tumor on her left breast. Which of the following
manifestation indicates that she is experiencing Mild Anxiety?
A. She has increased awareness of her environmental details
B. She focused on selected aspect of her illness
C. She experiences incongruence of action, thoughts and feelings
D. She experiences random motor activities
65. Which of the following nursing intervention would least likely be effective when dealing with a client with
aggressive behavior?
A. Approach him in a calm manner B. Provide opportunities to express feelings
C. Maintain eye contact with the client D. Isolate the client from others
66. Whitney, a patient of nurse Blake, verbalizes… “I have nothing, nothing… nothing! Don’t make me close
one more door, I don’t wanna hurt anymore!” Which of the following is the most appropriate response by
Blake?
A. Why are you singing? B. What makes you say that?

C. Ofcourse you are everything! D. What is that you said?
67. Whitney verbalizes that she is anxious that the diagnostic test might reveal laryngeal cancer. Which of the
following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A. Tell the client not to worry until the results are in B. Ask the client to express feelings and concern
C. Reassure the client everything will be alright
D. Advice the client to divert his attention by watching television and reading newspapers
68. Considered as the most accurate expression of person’s thought and feelings
A. Verbal communication B. Non verbal communication
C. Written communication D. Oral communication
69. Represents inner feeling that a person do not like talking about.
A. Overt communication B. Covert communication
C. Verbal communication D. Non verbal communication
70. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an effective Nurse-Client relationship?
A. Focused on the patient B. Based on mutual trust
C. Conveys acceptance D. Discourages emotional bond
71. A type of record wherein each person or department makes notation in separate records. A nurse will use
the nursing notes, the doctor will use the Physician’s order sheet etc. Data is arranged according to
information source.
A. POMR B. POR C. Traditional D. Resource oriented
72. Type of recording that integrates all data about the problem, gathered by members of the health team.
A. POMR B. Traditional C. Resource oriented D. Source oriented
73. These are data that are monitored by using graphic charts or graphs that indicated the progression or
fluctuation of client’s Temperature and Blood pressure.
A. Progress notes B. Kardex C. Flow chart D. Flow sheet
74. Provides a concise method of organizing and recording data about the client. It is a series of flip cards kept in
portable file used in change of shift reports.
A. Kardex B. Progress Notes C. SOAPIE D. Change of shift report
75. You are about to write an information on the Kardex. There are four (4) available writing instruments to
use. Which of the following should you use?
A. Mongol #2 B. Permanent Ink C. A felt or fountain pen D. Pilot Pentel Pen marker
76. The client has an allergy to Iodine-based dye. Where should you put this vital information in the client’s
chart?
A. In the first page of the client’s chart B. At the last page of the client’s chart
C. At the front metal plate of the chart D. In the Kardex
77. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Kardex
A. It provides readily available information B. It is a tool of end of shift reports
C. The primary basis of endorsement D. Where Allergies information are written
78. Which of the following, if seen on the Nurses notes, violates characteristic of good recording?
A. The client has a blood pressure of 120/80, Temperature of 36.6 C, Pulse rate of 120 and Respiratory rate of 22
B. Ate 50% of food served
C. Refused administration of betaxolol
D. Visited and seen by Dr. Santiago
79. The physician ordered: Mannerix a.c , what does a.c means?
A. As desired B. Before meals C. After meals D. Before bed time
80. The physician ordered, Maalox, 2 hours p.c, what does p.c means?
A. As desired B. Before meals C. After meals D. Before bedtime
81. The physician ordered, Maxitrol, Od. What does Od means?
A. Left eye B. Right eye C. Both eye D. Once a day
82. The physician ordered, Magnesium Hydroxide cc Aluminum Hydroxide. What does cc means?
A. without B. with C. one half D. With one half dose
83. Physician ordered, Paracetamol tablet ss. What does ss means?
A. without B. with C. one half D. With one half dose
84. Which of the following indicates that learning has been achieved?
A. Martin starts exercising every morning and eating a balance diet after you taught her mag HL tayo program
B. Donya Delilah has been able to repeat the steps of insulin administration after you taught it to her
C. Marsha said “ I understand “ after you a health teaching about family planning
D. John rated 100% on your given quiz about smoking and alcoholism
85. In his theory of learning as a BEHAVIORISM, he stated that transfer of knowledge occurs if a new
situation closely resembles an old one.
A. Bloom B. Lewin C. Thorndike D. Skinner
86. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to learning?
A. Start from complex to simple
B. Goals should be hard to achieve so patient can strive to attain unrealistic goals
C. Visual learning is the best for every individual
D. Do not teach a client when he is in pain
87. According to Bloom, there are 3 domains in learning. Which of these domains is responsible for the ability
of Donya Delilah to inject insulin?
A. Cognitive B. Affective C. Psychomotor D. Motivative
88. Which domains of learning is responsible for making John and Marsha understand the different kinds of
family planning methods?
A. Cognitive B. Affective C. Psychomotor D. Motivative
89. Which of the following statement clearly defines therapeutic communication?
A. Therapeutic communication is an interaction process which is primarily directed by the nurse
B. It conveys feeling of warmth, acceptance and empathy from the nurse to a patient in relaxed atmosphere
C. Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction based on trust and aimed at identifying patient needs and
developing mutual goals
D. Therapeutic communication is an assessment component of the nursing process
90. Which of the following concept is most important in establishing a therapeutic nurse patient relationship?
A. The nurse must fully understand the patient’s feelings, perception and reactions before goals can be established
B. The nurse must be a role model for health fostering behavi
C. The nurse must recognize that the patient may manifest maladaptive behavior after illness
D. The nurse should understand that patients might test her before trust is established
91. Which of the following communication skill is most effective in dealing with covert communication?
A. Validation B. Listening C. Evaluation D. Clarification
92. Which of the following are qualities of a good recording?
1. Brevity 2. Completeness and chronology 3. Appropriateness 4. Accuracy
A. 1,2 B. 3,4 C. 1,2,3 D. 1,2,3,4

93. All of the following chart entries are correct except
A. V/S 36.8 C,80,16,120/80 B. Complained of chest pain
C. Seems agitated D. Able to ambulate without assistance
94. Which of the following teaching method is effective in client who needs to be educated about self injection
of insulin?
A. Detailed explanation B. Demonstration C. Use of pamphlets D. Film showing
95. What is the most important characteristic of a nurse patient relationship?
A. It is growth facilitating B. Based on mutual understanding
C. Fosters hope and confidence D. Involves primarily emotional bond
96. Which of the following nursing intervention is needed before teaching a client post spleenectomy deep
breathing and coughing exercises?
A. Tell the patient that deep breathing and coughing exercises is needed to promote good breathing, circulation and
prevent complication
B. Tell the client that deep breathing and coughing exercises is needed to prevent Thrombophlebitis, hydrostatic
pneumonia and atelectasis
C. Medicate client for pain
D. Tell client that cooperation is vital to improve recovery
97. The client has an allergy with penicillin. What is the best way to communicate this information?
A. Place an allergy alert in the Kardex B. Notify the attending physician
C. Write it on the patient’s chart D. Take note when giving medications
98. An adult client is on extreme pain. He is moaning and grimacing. What is the best way to assess the
client’s pain?
A. Perform physical assessment B. Have the client rate his pain on the smiley pain rating scale
C. Active listening on what the patient says D. Observe the client’s behavior
99. Therapeutic communication begins with?
A. Knowing your client B. Knowing yourself C. Showing empathy D. Encoding
100. The PCS gave new guidelines including leaflets to educate cancer patients. As a nurse, When using
materials like this, what is your responsibility?
A. Read it for the patient B. Give it for the patient to read himself
C. Let the family member read the material for the patient D. Read it yourself then, Have the client read the
materials
Test 8
1.She is the first one to coin the term “NURSING PROCESS.” She introduced three (3) steps of nursing
process which are: Observation, Ministration and Validation.
A. Nightingale B. Johnson C. Rogers D. Hall
2. The American Nurses Association formulated an innovation of the Nursing process. Today, how many
distinct steps are there in the nursing process?
A. APIE – 4 B. ADPIE – 5 C. ADOPIE – 6 D. ADOPIER – 7
3. They are the first ones to suggest a four (4) step nursing process called APIE or assessment, planning,
implementation, and evaluation.
1. Yura 2. Walsh 3. Roy 4. Knowles
A. 1,2 B. 1,3 C. 3,4 D. 2,3
4. Which characteristic of nursing process is responsible for proper utilization of human resources, time and
cost resources?
A. Organized and Systematic B. Humanistic C. Efficient D. Effective
5. Which characteristic of nursing process addresses the INDIVIDUALIZED care a client must receive?
6. A characteristic of the nursing process that is essential to promote client satisfaction and progress. The care
should also be relevant with the client’s needs.
7. Rhina, who has Menieres disease, said that her environment is moving. Which of the following is a valid
assessment?
1. Rhina is giving an objective data 2. Rhina is giving a subjective data
3. The source of the data is primary 4. The source of the data is secondary
A. 1,3 B. 2,3 C. 2.4 D. 1,4
8. Nurse Angela, observe Joel who is very apprehensive over the impending operation. The client is
experiencing dyspnea, diaphoresis and asks lots of questions. Angela made a diagnosis of ANXIETY R/T
INTRUSIVE PROCEDURE. This is what type of Nursing Diagnosis?
A. Actual B. Probable C. Possible D. Risk
9. Nurse Angela diagnosed Mrs. Delgado, who have undergone a BKA. Her diagnosis is SELF ESTEEM
DISTURBANCE R/T CHANGE IN BODY IMAGE. Although the client has not yet seen her lost leg, Angela
already anticipated the diagnosis. This is what type of Diagnosis?
10. Nurse Angela is about to make a diagnosis but very unsure because the S/S the client is experiencing is not
specific with her diagnosis of POWERLESSNESS R/T DIFFICULTY ACCEPTING LOSS OF LOVED
ONE. She then focus on gathering data to refute or prove her diagnosis but her plans and interventions are
already ongoing for the diagnosis. Which type of Diagnosis is this?
11. Nurse Angela knew that Stephen Lee Mu Chin, has just undergone an operation with an incision near the
diaphragm. She knew that this will contribute to some complications later on. She then should develop what
type of Nursing diagnosis?
12. Which of the following Nursing diagnosis is INCORRECT?
A. Fluid volume deficit R/T Diarrhea B. High risk for injury R/T Absence of side rails
C. Possible ineffective coping R/T Loss of loved one
D. Self esteem disturbance R/T Effects of surgical removal of the leg
13. Among the following statements, which should be given the HIGHEST priority?
A. Client is in extreme pain B. Client’s blood pressure is 60/40
C. Client’s temperature is 40 deg. Centigrade D. Client is cyanotic
14. Which of the following need is given a higher priority among others?
A. The client has attempted suicide and safety precaution is needed
B. The client has disturbance in his body image because of the recent operation
C. The client is depressed because her boyfriend left her all alone
D. The client is thirsty and dehydrated
15. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to Client Goals?
A. They are specific, measurable, attainable and time bounded
B. They are general and broadly stated
C. They should answer for WHO, WHAT ACTIONS, WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES, HOW WELL and WHEN.
D. Example is : After discharge planning, Client demonstrated the proper psychomotor skills for insulin injection.
16. Which of the following is a NOT a correct statement of an Outcome criteria?
A. Ambulates 30 feet with a cane before discharge
B. Discusses fears and concerns regarding the surgical procedure

C. Demonstrates proper coughing and breathing technique after a teaching session
D. Reestablishes a normal pattern of elimination
17. Which of the following is a OBJECTIVE data?
A. Dizziness B. Chest pain C. Anxiety D. Blue nails
18. A patient’s chart is what type of data source?
A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Can be A and B
19. All of the following are characteristic of the Nursing process except
A. Dynamic B. Cyclical C. Universal D. Intrapersonal
20. Which of the following is true about the NURSING CARE PLAN?
A. It is nursing centered B. Rationales are supported by interventions
C. Verbal D. At least 2 goals are needed for every nursing diagnosis
21. A framework for health assessment that evaluates the effects of stressors to the mind, body and
environment in relation with the ability of the client to perform ADL.
A. Functional health framework B. Head to toe framework
C. Body system framework D. Cephalocaudal framework
22. Client has undergone Upper GI and Lower GI series. Which type of health assessment framework is used
in this situation?
A. Functional health framework B. Head to toe framework
C. Body system framework D. Cephalocaudal framework
23. Which of the following statement is true regarding temperature?
A. Oral temperature is more accurate than rectal temperature
B. The bulb used in Rectal temperature reading is pear shaped or round
C. The older the person, the higher his BMR
D. When the client is swimming, BMR Decreases
24. A type of heat loss that occurs when the heat is dissipated by air current
A. Convection B. Conduction C. Radiation D. Evaporation
25. Which of the following is TRUE about temperature?
A. The highest temsperature usually occurs later in a day, around 8 P.M to 12 M.N
B. The lowest temperature is usually in the Afternoon, Around 12 P.M

C. Thyroxin decreases body temperature
D. Elderly people are risk for hyperthermia due to the absence of fats, Decreased thermoregulatory control and
sedentary lifestyle.
26. Hyperpyrexia is a condition in which the temperature is greater than
A. 40 degree Celsius B. 39 degree Celsius
C. 100 degree Fahrenheit D. 105.8 degree Fahrenheit
27. Tympanic temperature is taken from John, A client who was brought recently into the ER due to frequent
barking cough. The temperature reads 37.9 Degrees Celsius. As a nurse, you conclude that this temperature is
A. High B. Low C. At the low end of the normal range D. At the high end of the normal range
28. John has a fever of 38.5 Deg. Celsius. It surges at around 40 Degrees and go back to 38.5 degrees 6 times today
in a typical pattern. What kind of fever is John having?
A. Relapsing B. Intermittent C. Remittent D. Constant
29. John has a fever of 39.5 degrees 2 days ago, But yesterday, he has a normal temperature of 36.5 degrees. Today,
his temperature surges to 40 degrees. What type of fever is John having?
30. John’s temperature 10 hours ago is a normal 36.5 degrees. 4 hours ago, He has a fever with a temperature of 38.9
Degrees. Right now, his temperature is back to normal. Which of the following best describe the fever john is
having?
31. The characteristic fever in Dengue Virus is characterized as:
A. Tricyclic B. Bicyclic C. Biphasic D. Triphasic
32. When John has been given paracetamol, his fever was brought down dramatically from 40 degrees Celsius to
36.7 degrees in a matter of 10 minutes. The nurse would assess this event as:
A. The goal of reducing john’s fever has been met with full satisfaction of the outcome criteria
B. The desired goal has been partially met
C. The goal is not completely met
D. The goal has been met but not with the desired outcome criteria
33. What can you expect from Marianne, who is currently at the ONSET stage of fever?
A. Hot, flushed skin B. Increase thirst C. Convulsion D. Pale,cold skin
34. Marianne is now at the Defervescence stage of the fever, which of the following is expected?
A. Delirium B. Goose flesh C. Cyanotic nail beds D. Sweating

35. Considered as the most accessible and convenient method for temperature taking
A. Oral B. Rectal C. Tympanic D. Axillary
36. Considered as Safest and most non invasive method of temperature taking
A. Oral B. Rectal C. Tympanic D. Axillary
37. Which of the following is NOT a contraindication in taking ORAL temperature?
A. Quadriplegic B. Presence of NGT C. Dyspnea D. Nausea and Vomitting
38. Which of the following is a contraindication in taking RECTAL temperature?
A. Unconscious B. Neutropenic C. NPO D. Very young children
39. How long should the Rectal Thermometer be inserted to the clients anus?
A. 1 to 2 inches B. .5 to 1.5 inches C. 3 to 5 inches D. 2 to 3 inches
40. In cleaning the thermometer after use, The direction of the cleaning to follow Medical Asepsis is :
A. From bulb to stem B. From stem to bulb C. From stem to stem D. From bulb to bulb
41. How long should the thermometer stay in the Client’s Axilla
A. 3 minutes B. 4 minutes C. 7 minutes D. 10 minutes
42. Which of the following statement is TRUE about pulse?
A. Young person have higher pulse than older persons
B. Males have higher pulse rate than females after puberty
C. Digitalis has a positive chronotropic effect
D. In lying position, Pulse rate is higher
43. The following are correct actions when taking radial pulse except:
A. Put the palms downward B. Use the thumb to palpate the artery
C. Use two or three fingers to palpate the pulse at the inner wrist
D. Assess the pulse rate, rhythm, volume and bilateral quality
44. The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure is termed as
A. Apical rate B. Cardiac rate C. Pulse deficit D. Pulse pressure
45. Which of the following completely describes PULSUS PARADOXICUS?
A. A greater-than-normal increase in systolic blood pressure with inspiration
B. A greater-than-normal decrease in systolic blood pressure with inspiration

C. Pulse is paradoxically low when client is in standing position and high when supine.
D. Pulse is paradoxically high when client is in standing position and low when supine.
46. Which of the following is TRUE about respiration?
A. I:E 2:1 B. I:E : 4:3 C I:E 1:1 D. I:E 1:2
47. Contains the pneumotaxic and the apneutic centers
A. Medulla oblongata B. Pons C. Carotid bodies D. Aortic bodies
48. Which of the following is responsible for deep and prolonged inspiration
49. Which of the following is responsible for the rhythm and quality of breathing?
50. The primary respiratory center
51. Which of the following is TRUE about the mechanism of action of the Aortic and Carotid bodies?
A. If the BP is elevated, the RR increases B. If the BP is elevated, the RR decreases
C. Elevated BP leads to Metabolic alkalosis D. Low BP leads to Metabolic acidosis
52. All of the following factors correctly influence respiration except one. Which of the following is incorrect?
A. Hydrocodone decreases RR B. Stress increases RR
C. Increase temperature of the environment, Increase RR D. Increase altitude, Increase RR
53. When does the heart receives blood from the coronary artery?
A. Systole B. Diastole C. When the valves opens D. When the valves closes
54. Which of the following is more life threatening?
A. BP = 180/100 B. BP = 160/120 C. BP = 90/60 D. BP = 80/50
55. Refers to the pressure when the ventricles are at rest
A. Diastole B. Systole C. Preload D. Pulse pressure
56. Which of the following is TRUE about the blood pressure determinants?
A. Hypervolemia lowers BP B. Hypervolemia increases GFR
C. HCT of 70% might decrease or increase BP D. Epinephrine decreases BP

57. Which of the following do not correctly correlates the increase BP of Ms. Aida, a 70 year old diabetic?
A. Females, after the age 65 tends to have lower BP than males
B. Disease process like Diabetes increase BP
C. BP is highest in the morning, and lowest during the night
D. Africans, have a greater risk of hypertension than Caucasian and Asians.
58. How many minutes are allowed to pass if the client had engaged in strenuous activities, smoked or ingested
caffeine before taking his/her BP?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 30
59. Too narrow cuff will cause what change in the Client’s BP?
A. True high reading B. True low reading C. False high reading D. False low reading
60. Which is a preferable arm for BP taking?
A. An arm with the most contraptions B. The left arm of the client with a CVA affecting the right brain
C. The right arm D. The left arm
61. Which of the following is INCORRECT in assessing client’s BP?
A. Read the mercury at the upper meniscus, preferably at the eye level to prevent error of parallax
B. Inflate and deflate slowly, 2-3 mmHg at a time
C. The sound heard during taking BP is known as KOROTKOFF sound
D. If the BP is taken on the left leg using the popliteal artery pressure, a BP of 160/80 is normal.
62. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the ERROR OF PARALLAX
A. If the eye level is higher than the level of the meniscus, it will cause a false high reading
B. If the eye level is higher than the level of the meniscus, it will cause a false low reading
C. If the eye level is lower than the level of the meniscus, it will cause a false low reading
D. If the eye level is equal to that of the level of the upper meniscus, the reading is accurate
63. How many minute/s is/are allowed to pass before making a re-reading after the first one?
A. 1 B. 5 C. 15 D. 30
64. Which of the following is TRUE about the auscultation of blood pressure?
A. Pulse + 4 is considered as FULL B. The bell of the stethoscope is use in auscultating BP
C. Sound produced by BP is considered as HIGH frequency sound D. Pulse +1 is considered as NORMAL

65. In assessing the abdomen, Which of the following is the correct sequence of the physical assessment?
A. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
B. Palpation, Auscultation, Percussion, Inspection
C. Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation, Percussion
D. Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation, Percussion
66. The sequence in examining the quadrants of the abdomen is:
A. RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ B. RLQ, RUQ, LLQ, LUQ
C. RUQ, RLQ, LLQ, LUQ D. RLQ, RUQ, LUQ, LLQ
67. In inspecting the abdomen, which of the following is NOT DONE?
A. Ask the client to void first B. Knees and legs are straighten to relax the abdomen
C. The best position in assessing the abdomen is Dorsal recumbent
D. The knees and legs are externally rotated
68. Dr. House is about to conduct an ophthalmoscope examination. Which of the following, if done by a nurse, is a
correct preparation before the procedure?
A. Provide the necessary draping to ensure privacy
B. Open the windows, curtains and light to allow better illumination
C. Pour warm water over the ophthalmoscope to ensure comfort
D. Darken the room to provide better illumination
69. If the client is female, and the doctor is a male and the patient is about to undergo a vaginal and cervical
examination, why is it necessary to have a female nurse in attendance?
A. To ensure that the doctor performs the procedure safely B. To assist the doctor
C. To assess the client’s response to examination
D. To ensure that the procedure is done in an ethical manner
70. In palpating the client’s breast, which of the following position is necessary for the patient to assume before the
start of the procedure?
A. Supine B. Dorsal recumbent C. Sitting D. Lithotomy
71. When is the best time to collect urine specimen for routine urinalysis and C/S?
A. Early morning B. Later afternoon C. Midnight D. Before breakfast
72. Which of the following is among an ideal way of collecting a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity?
A. Use a clean container
B. Discard the first flow of urine to ensure that the urine is not contaminated
C. Collect around 30-50 ml of urine
D. Add preservatives, refrigerate the specimen or add ice according to the agency’s protocol
73. In a 24 hour urine specimen started Friday, 9:00 A.M, which of the following if done by a Nurse indicate a
NEED for further procedural debriefing?
A. The nurse ask the client to urinate at 9:00 A.M, Friday and she included the urine in the 24 hour urine specimen
B. The nurse discards the Friday 9:00 A M urine of the client
C. The nurse included the Saturday 9:00 A.M urine of the client to the specimen collection
D. The nurse added preservatives as per protocol and refrigerates the specimen
74. This specimen is required to assess glucose levels and for the presence of albumin the the urine
A. Midstream clean catch urine B. 24 hours urine collection
C. Postprandial urine collection D. Second voided urine
75. When should the client test his blood sugar levels for greater accuracy?
A. During meals B. In between meals C. Before meals D. 2 Hours after meals
76. In collecting a urine from a catheterized patient, Which of the following statement indicates an accurate
performance of the procedure?
A. Clamp above the port for 30 to 60 minutes before drawing the urine from the port
B. Clamp below the port for 30 to 60 minutes before drawing the urine from the port
C. Clamp above the port for 5 to 10 minutes before drawing the urine from the port
D. Clamp below the port for 5 to 10 minutes before drawing the urine from the port
77. A community health nurse should be resourceful and meet the needs of the client. A villager ask him, “Can you
test my urine for glucose?” Which of the following technique allows the nurse to test a client’s urine for glucose
without the need for intricate instruments.
A. Acetic Acid test B. Nitrazine paper test C. Benedict’s test D. Litmus paper test
78. A community health nurse is assessing client’s urine using the Acetic Acid solution. Which of the following, if
done by a nurse, indicates lack of correct knowledge with the procedure?
A. The nurse added the Urine as the 2/3 part of the solution
B. The nurse heats the test tube after adding 1/3 part acetic acid
C. The nurse heats the test tube after adding 2/3 part of Urine
D. The nurse determines abnormal result if she noticed that the test tube becomes cloudy
79. Which of the following is incorrect with regards to proper urine testing using Benedict’s Solution?
A. Heat around 5ml of Benedict’s solution together with the urine in a test tube
B. Add 8 to 10 drops of urine
C. Heat the Benedict’s solution without the urine to check if the solution is contaminated
D. If the color remains BLUE, the result is POSITIVE
80. “+++ Positive” result after Benedicts test is depicted by what color?
A. Blue B. Green C. Yellow D. Orange
81. Clinitest is used in testing the urine of a client for glucose. Which of the following, if committed by a nurse,
indicates error?
A. Specimen is collected after meals B. The nurse puts 1 clinitest tablet into a test tube
C. She added 5 drops of urine and 10 drops of water
D. If the color becomes orange or red, It is considered postitive
82. Which of the following nursing intervention is important for a client scheduled to have a Guaiac Test?
A. Avoid turnips, radish and horseradish 3 days before procedure
B. Continue iron preparation to prevent further loss of Iron
C. Do not eat read meat 12 hours before procedure
D. Encourage caffeine and dark colored foods to produce accurate results
83. In collecting a routine specimen for fecalysis, which of the following, if done by a nurse, indicates inadequate
knowledge and skills about the procedure?
A. The nurse scoop the specimen specifically at the site with blood and mucus
B. She took around 1 inch of specimen or a teaspoonful
C. Ask the client to call her for the specimen after the client wiped off his anus with a tissue
D. Ask the client to defecate in a bedpan, Secure a sterile container
84. In a routine sputum analysis, which of the following indicates proper nursing action before sputum collection?
A. Secure a clean container
B. Discard the container if the outside becomes contaminated with the sputum
C. Rinse the client’s mouth with Listerine after collection
D. Tell the client that 4 tablespoon of sputum is needed for each specimen for a routine sputum analysis
85. Who collects blood specimen?
A. The nurse B. Medical technologist C. Physician D. Physical therapist
86. David, 68 year old male client is scheduled for Serum Lipid analysis. Which of the following health teaching is
important to ensure accurate reading?
A. Tell the patient to eat fatty meals 3 days prior to the procedure
B. NPO for 12 hours pre procedure
C. Ask the client to drink 1 glass of water 1 hour prior to the procedure
D. Tell the client that the normal serum lipase level is 50 to 140 U/L
87. The primary factor responsible for body heat production is the
A. Metabolism B. Release of thyroxin C. Muscle activity D. Stress
88. The heat regulating center is found in the
A. Medulla oblongata B. Thalamus C. Hypothalamus D. Pons
89. A process of heat loss which involves the transfer of heat from one surface to another i
A. Radiation B. Conduction C. Convection D. Evaporation
90. Which of the following is a primary factor that affects the BP?
A. Obesity B. Age C. Stress D. Gender
91. The following are social data about the client except
A. Patient’s lifestyle B. Religious practices C. Family home situation D. Usual health status
92. The best position for any procedure that involves vaginal and cervical examination is
A. Dorsal recumbent B. Side lying C. Supine D. Lithotomy
93. Measure the leg circumference of a client with bipedal edema is best done in what position?
A. Dorsal recumbent B. Sitting C. Standing D. Supine
94. In palpating the client’s abdomen, Which of the following is the best position for the client to assume?
A. Dorsal recumbent B. Side lying C. Supine D. Lithotomy
95. Rectal examination is done with a client in what position?
A. Dorsal recumbent B. Sims position C. Supine D. Lithotomy
96. Which of the following is a correct nursing action when collecting urine specimen from a client with an
Indwelling catheter?
A. Collect urine specimen from the drainage bag

B. Detach catheter from the connecting tube and draw the specimen from the port
C. Use sterile syringe to aspirate urine specimen from the drainage port
D. Insert the syringe straight to the port to allow self sealing of the port
97. Which of the following is inappropriate in collecting mid stream clean catch urine specimen for urine analysis?
A. Collect early in the morning, First voided specimen B. Do perineal care before specimen collection
C. Collect 5 to 10 ml for urine D. Discard the first flow of the urine
98. When palpating the client’s neck for lymphadenopathy, where should the nurse position himself?
A. At the client’s back B. At the client’s right side
C. At the client’s left side D. In front of a sitting client
99. Which of the following is the best position for the client to assume if the back is to be examined by the nurse?
A. Standing B. Sitting C. Side lying D. Prone
100. In assessing the client’s chest, which position best show chest expansion as well as its movements?
A. Sitting B. Prone C. Sidelying D. Supine
Test 9
1. Which one of the following is NOT a function of the Upper airway?
A. For clearance mechanism such as coughing B. Transport gases to the lower airways
C. Warming, Filtration and Humidification of inspired air
D. Protect the lower airway from foreign mater
2. It is the hair that lines the vestibule which function as a filtering mechanism for foreign objects
A. Cilia B. Nares C. Carina D. Vibrissae
3. This is the paranasal sinus found between the eyes and the nose that extends backward into the skull
A. Ehtmoid B. Sphenoid C. Maxillary D. Frontal
4. Which paranasal sinus is found over the eyebrow?
A. Ehtmoid B. Sphenoid C. Maxillary D. Frontal
5. Gene De Vonne Katrouchuacheulujiki wants to change her surname to something shorter, The court denied her
request which depresses her and find herself binge eating. She accidentally aspirate a large piece of nut and it passes
the carina. Probabilty wise, Where will the nut go?
A. Right main stem bronchus B. Left main stem bronchus
C. Be dislodged in between the carina D. Be blocked by the closed epiglottis
6. Which cell secretes mucus that help protect the lungs by trapping debris in the respiratory tract?
A. Type I pneumocytes B. Type II pneumocytes C. Goblet cells D. Adipose cells
7. How many lobes are there in the RIGHT LUNG?
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
8. The presence of the liver causes which anatomical difference of the Kidneys and the Lungs?
A. Left kidney slightly lower, Left lung slightly shorter
B. Left kidney slightly higher, Left lung slightly shorter
C. Right kidney lower, Right lung shorter
D. Right kidney higher, Right lung shorter
9. Surfactant is produced by what cells in the alveoli?
A. Type I pneumocytes B. Type II pneumocytes C. Goblet cells D. Adipose cells
10. The normal L:S Ratio to consider the newborn baby viable is
A. 1:2 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:3
11. Refers to the extra air that can be inhaled beyond the normal tidal volume
A. Inspiratory reserve volume B. Expiratory reserve volume
C. Functional residual capacity D. Residual volume
12. This is the amount of air remained in the lungs after a forceful expiration
A. Inspiratory reserve volume B. Expiratory reserve volume
C. Functional residual capacity D. Residual volume
13. Casssandra, A 22 year old grade Agnostic, Asked you, how many spikes of bones are there in my ribs? Your
best response is which of the following?
A. We have 13 pairs of ribs Cassandra B. We have 12 pairs of ribs Cassandra
C. Humans have 16 pairs of ribs, and that was noted by Vesalius in 1543
D. Humans have 8 pairs of ribs. 4 of which are floating
14. Which of the following is considered as the main muscle of respiration?

A. Lungs B. Intercostal Muscles C. Diaphragm D. Pectoralis major
15. Cassandra asked you : How many air is there in the oxygen and how many does human requires? Which of the
following is the best response :
A. God is good, Man requires 21% of oxygen and we have 21% available in our air
B. Man requires 16% of oxygen and we have 35% available in our air
C. Man requires 10% of oxygen and we have 50% available in our air
D. Human requires 21% of oxygen and we have 21% available in our air
16. Which of the following is TRUE about Expiration?
A. A passive process B. The length of which is half of the length of Inspiration
C. Stridor is commonly heard during expiration D. Requires energy to be carried out
17. Which of the following is TRUE in postural drainage?
A. Patient assumes position for 10 to 15 minutes B. Should last only for 60 minutes
C. Done best P.C D. An independent nursing action
18. All but one of the following is a purpose of steam inhalation
A. Mucolytic B. Warm and humidify air
C. Administer medications D. Promote bronchoconstriction
19. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in steam inhalation?
A. It is a dependent nursing action B. Spout is put 12-18 inches away from the nose
C. Render steam inhalation for atleast 60 minutes
D. Cover the client’s eye with wash cloth to prevent irritation
20. When should a nurse suction a client?
A. As desired B. As needed C. Every 1 hour D. Every 4 hours
21. Ernest Arnold Hamilton, a 60 year old American client was mobbed by teen gangsters near New york, Cubao.
He was rushed to John John Hopio Medical Center and was Unconscious. You are his nurse and you are to suction
his secretions. In which position should you place Mr. Hamilton?
A. High fowlers B. Semi fowlers C. Prone D. Side lying
22. You are about to set the suction pressure to be used to Mr. Hamilton. You are using a Wall unit suction machine.
How much pressure should you set the valve before suctioning Mr. Hamilton
A. 50-95 mmHg B. 200-350 mmHg C. 100-120 mmHg D. 10-15 mmHg

23. The wall unit is not functioning; You then try to use the portable suction equipment available. How much
pressure of suction equipment is needed to prevent trauma to mucus membrane and air ways in case of portable
suction units?
A. 2-5 mmHg B. 5-10 mmHg C. 10-15 mmHg D. 15-25 mmHg
24. There are four catheter sizes available for use, which one of these should you use for Mr. Hamilton?
A. Fr. 18 B. Fr. 12 C. Fr. 10 D. Fr, 5
25. Which of the following, if done by the nurse, indicates incompetence during suctioning an unconscious client?
A. Measure the length of the suction catheter to be inserted by measuring from the tip of the nose, to the earlobe, to
the xiphoid process
B. Use KY Jelly if suctioning nasopharyngeal secretion
C. The maximum time of suctioning should not exceed 15 seconds
D. Allow 30 seconds interval between suctioning
26. Which of the following is the initial sign of hypoxemia in an adult client?
1. Tachypnea 2. Tachycardia 3. Cyanosis 4. Pallor 5. Irritability 6. Flaring of Nares
A. 1,2 B. 2,5 C. 2,6 D. 3,4
27. Which method of oxygenation least likely produces anxiety and apprehension?
A. Nasal Cannula B. Simple Face mask C. Non Rebreather mask D. Partial Rebreather mask
28. Which of the following oxygen delivery method can deliver 100% Oxygen at 15 LPM?
A. Nasal Cannula B. Simple Face mask C. Non Rebreather mask D. Partial Rebreather mask
29. Which of the following is not true about OXYGEN?
A. Oxygen is odorless, tasteless and colorless gas. B. Oxygen can irritate mucus membrane
C. Oxygen supports combustion D. Excessive oxygen administration results in respiratory acidosis
30. Roberto San Andres, A new nurse in the hospital is about to administer oxygen on patient with Respiratory
distress. As his senior nurse, you should intervene if Roberto will:
A. Uses venture mask in oxygen administration
B. Put a non rebreather mask in the patient before opening the oxygen source
C. Use a partial rebreather mask to deliver oxygen
D. Check for the doctor’s order for Oxygen administration

31. Which of the following will alert the nurse as an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Client is tired and dyspneic B. The client is coughing out blood
C. The client’s heart rate is 50 BPM D. Client is frequently turning from side to side
32. Miguelito de balboa, An OFW presents at the admission with an A:P Diameter ratio of 2:1, Which of the
following associated finding should the nurse expect?
A. Pancytopenia B. Anemia C. Fingers are Club-like D. Hematocrit of client is decreased
33. The best method of oxygen administration for client with COPD uses:
A. Cannula B. Simple Face mask C. Non rebreather mask D. Venturi mask
34. Mang dagul, a 50 year old chronic smoker was brought to the E.R because of difficulty in breathing. Pleural
effusion was the diagnosis and CTT was ordered. What does C.T.T Stands for?
A. Chest tube thoracotomy B. Chest tube thoracostomy
C. Closed tube thoracotomy D. Closed tube thoracostmy
35. Where will the CTT be inserted if we are to drain fluids accumulated in Mang dagul’s pleura?
A. 2nd ICS B. 4th ICS C. 5th ICS D. 8th ICS
36. There is a continuous bubbling in the water sealed drainage system with suction. And oscillation is observed. As
a nurse, what should you do?
A. Consider this as normal findings B. Notify the physician
C. Check for tube leak D. Prepare a petrolatum gauze dressing
37. Which of the following is true about nutrition?
A. It is the process in which food are broken down, for the body to use in growth and development
B. It is a process in which digested proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates are transported into the
circulation
C. It is a chemical process that occurs in the cell that allows for energy production, energy use, growth and tissue
repair
D. It is the study of nutrients and the process in which they are use by the body
38. The majority of the digestion processes take place in the
A. Mouth B. Small intestine C. Large intestine D. Stomach
39. All of the following is true about digestion that occurs in the Mouth except
A. It is where the digestion process starts

B. Mechanical digestion is brought about by mastication
C. The action of ptyalin or the salivary tyrpsin breaks down starches into maltose
D. Deglutition occurs after food is broken down into small pieces and well mixed with saliva
40. Which of the following foods lowers the cardiac sphincter pressure?
A. Roast beef, Steamed cauliflower and Rice B. Orange juice, Non fat milk, Dry crackers
C. Decaffeinated coffee, Sky flakes crackers, Suman D. Coffee with coffee mate, Bacon and Egg
41. Where does the digestion of carbohydrates start?
A. Mouth B. Esophagus C. Small intestine D. Stomach
42. Protein and Fat digestion begins where?
A. Mouth B. Esophagus C. Small intestine D. Stomach
43. All but one is true about digestion that occurs in the Stomach
A. Carbohydrates are the fastest to be digested, in about an hour
B. Fat is the slowest to be digested, in about 5 hours
C. HCl inhibits absorption of Calcium in the gastric mucosa
D. HCl converts pepsinogen to pepsin, which starts the complex process of protein digestion
44. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme secreted by the small intestine?
A. Sucrase B. Enterokinase C. Amylase D. Enterokinase
45. The hormone secreted by the Small intestine that stimulates the production of pancreatic juice which primarily
aids in buffering the acidic bolus passed by the Stomach
A. Enterogastrone B. Cholecystokinin C. Pancreozymin D. Enterokinase
46. When the duodenal enzyme sucrase acts on SUCROSE, which 2 monosaccharides are formed?
A. Galactose + Galactose B. Glucose + Fructose C. Glucose + Galactose D. Fructose + Fructose
47. This is the enzyme secreted by the pancrease that completes the protein digestion
A. Trypsin B. Enterokinase C. Enterogastrone D. Amylase
48. The end product of protein digestion or the “Building blocks of Protein” is what we call
A. Nucleotides B. Fatty acids C. Glucose D. Amino Acids
49. Enzyme secreted by the small intestine after it detects a bolus of fatty food. This will contract the gallbladder to
secrete bile and relax the sphincter of Oddi to aid in the emulsification of fats and its digestion.
A. Lipase B. Amylase C. Cholecystokinin D. Pancreozymin

50. Which of the following is not true about the Large Intestine?
A. It absorbs around 1 L of water making the feces around 75% water and 25% solid
B. The stool formed in the transverse colon is not yet well formed
C. It is a sterile body cavity
D. It is called large intestine because it is longer than the small intestine
51. This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg water to 1 degree Celsius
A. Calorie B. Joules C. Metabolism D. Basal metabolic rate
52. Assuming a cup of rice provides 50 grams of carbohydrates. How many calories are there in that cup of rice?
A. 150 calories B. 200 calories C. 250 calories D. 400 calories
53. An average adult filipino requires how many calories in a day?
A. 1,000 calories B. 1,500 calories C. 2,000 calories D. 2,500 calories
54. Which of the following is true about an individual’s caloric needs?
A. All individual have the same caloric needs
B. Females in general have higher BMR and therefore, require more calories
C. During cold weather, people need more calories due to increase BMR
D. Dinner should be the heaviest meal of the day
55. Among the following people, who requires the greatest caloric intake?
A. An individual in a long state of gluconeogenesis B. An individual in a long state of glycogenolysis
C. A pregnant individual D. An adolescent with a BMI of 25
56. Which nutrient deficiency is associated with the development of Pellagra, Dermatitis and Diarrhea?
A. Vitamin B1 B. Vitamin B2 C. Vitamin B3 D. Vitamin B6
57. Which Vitamin is not given in conjunction with the intake of LEVODOPA in cases of Parkinson’s Disease due
to the fact that levodopa increases its level in the body?
58. A vitamin taken in conjunction with ISONIAZID to prevent peripheral neuritis
59. The inflammation of the Lips, Palate and Tongue is associated in the deficiency of this vitamin

60. Beri beri is caused by the deficiency of which Vitamin?
A. Vitamin B1 B. Vitamin B2 C. Vitamin B3 D. Vitamin C
61. Which of the following is the best source of Vitamin E?
A. Green leafy vegetables B. Vegetable oil C. Fortified Milk D. Fish liver oil
62. Among the following foods, which food should you emphasize giving on an Alcoholic client?
A. Pork liver and organ meats, Pork B. Red meat, Eggs and Dairy products
C. Green leafy vegetables, Yellow vegetables, Cantaloupe and Dairy products
D. Chicken, Peanuts, Bananas, Wheat germs and yeasts
63. Which food group should you emphasize giving on a pregnant mother in first trimester to prevent neural tube
defects?
A. Broccoli, Guava, Citrus fruits, Tomatoes B. Butter, Sardines, Tuna, Salmon, Egg yolk
C. Wheat germ, Vegetable Oil, soybeans, corn, peanuts D. Organ meats, Green leafy vegetables, Liver, Eggs
64. A client taking Coumadin is to be educated on his diet. As a nurse, which of the following food should you
instruct the client to avoid?
A. Spinach, Green leafy vegetables, Cabbage, Liver B. Salmon, Sardines, Tuna
C. Butter, Egg yolk, breakfast cereals D. Banana, Yeast, Wheat germ, Chicken
65. Vitamin E plus this mineral works as one of the best anti oxidant in the body according to the latest research.
They are combined with 5 Alpha reductase inhibitor to reduce the risk of acquiring prostate cancer
A. Zinc B. Iron C. Selenium D. Vanadium
66. Incident of prostate cancer is found to have been reduced on a population exposed in tolerable amount of
sunlight. Which vitamin is associated with this phenomenon?
A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D
67. Micronutrients are those nutrients needed by the body in a very minute amount. Which of the following vitamin
is considered as a MICRONUTRIENT
A. Phosphorous B. Iron C. Calcium D. Sodium
68. Deficiency of this mineral results in tetany, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and rickets.
A. Vitamin D B. Iron C. Calcium D. Sodium
69. Among the following foods, which has the highest amount of potassium per area of their meat?
A. Cantaloupe B. Avocado C. Raisin D. Banana

70. A client has HEMOSIDEROSIS. Which of the following drug would you expect to be given to the client?
A. Acetazolamide B. Deferoxamine C. Calcium EDTA D. Activated charcoal
71. Which of the following provides the richest source of Iron per area of their meat?
A. Pork meat B. Lean read meat C. Pork liver D. Green mongo
72. Which of the following is considered the best indicator of nutritional status of an individual?
A. Height B. Weight C. Arm muscle circumference D. BMI
73. Jose Miguel, a 50 year old business man is 6’0 Tall and weights 179 lbs. As a nurse, you know that Jose Miguel
is :
A. Overweight B. Underweight C. Normal D. Obese
74. Jose Miguel is a little bit nauseous. Among the following beverages, Which could help relieve JM’s nausea?
A. Coke B. Sprite C. Mirinda D. Orange Juice or Lemon Juice
75. Which of the following is the first sign of dehydration?
A. Tachycardia B. Restlessness C. Thirst D. Poor skin turgor
76. What Specific gravity lab result is compatible with a dehydrated client?
A. 1.007 B. 1.020 C. 1.039 D. 1.029
77. Which hematocrit value is expected in a dehydrated male client?
A. 67% B. 50% C. 36% D. 45%
78. Which of the following statement by a client with prolonged vomiting indicates the initial onset of hypokalemia?
A. My arm feels so weak B. I felt my heart beat just right now
C. My face muscle is twitching D. Nurse, help! My legs are cramping
79. Which of the following is not an anti-emetic?
A. Marinol B. Dramamine C. Benadryl D. Alevaire
80. Which is not a clear liquid diet?
A. Hard candy B. Gelatin C. Coffee with Coffee mate D. Bouillon
81. Which of the following is included in a full liquid diet?
A. Popsicles B. Pureed vegetable meat C. Pineapple juice with pulps D. Mashed potato
82. Which food is included in a BLAND DIET?
A. Steamed broccoli B. Creamed potato C. Spinach in garlic D. Sweet potato

83. Which of the following if done by the nurse, is correct during NGT Insertion
A. Use an oil based lubricant
B. Measure the amount of the tube to be inserted from the Tip of the nose, to the earlobe, to the xiphoid process
C. Soak the NGT in a basin of ice water to facilitate easy insertion
D. Check the placement of the tube by introducing 10 cc of sterile water and auscultating for bubbling sound
84. Which of the following is the BEST method in assessing for the correct placement of the NGT?
A. X-Ray B. Immerse tip of the tube in water to check for bubbles produced
C. Aspirating gastric content to check if the content is acidic
D. Instilling air in the NGT and listening for a gurgling sound at the epigastric area
85. A terminally ill cancer patient is scheduled for an NGT feeding today. How should you position the patient?
A. Semi fowlers in bed B. Bring the client into a chair
C. Slightly elevated right side lying position D. Supine in bed
86. A client is scheduled for NGT Feeding. Checking the residual volume, you determined that he has 40 cc residual
from the last feeding. You reinstill the 40 cc of residual volume and added the 250 cc of feeding ordered by the
doctor. You then instill 60 cc of water to clear the lumen and the tube. How much will you put in the client’s chart
as input?
A. 250 cc B. 290 cc C. 350 cc D. 310 cc
87. Which of the following if done by a nurse indicates deviation from the standards of NGT feeding?
A. Do not give the feeding and notify the doctor of residual of the last feeding is greater than or equal to 50 ml
B. Height of the feeding should be 12 inches about the tube point of insertion to allow slow introduction of feeding
C. Ask the client to position in supine position immediately after feeding to prevent dumping syndrome
D. Clamp the NGT before all of the water is instilled to prevent air entry in the stomach
88. What is the most common problem in TUBE FEEDING?
A. Diarrhea B. Infection C. Hyperglycemia D. Vomiting
89. Which of the following is TRUE in colostomy feeding?
A. Hold the syringe 18 inches above the stoma and administer the feeding slowly
B. Pour 30 ml of water before and after feeding administration
C. Insert the ostomy feeding tube 1 inch towards the stoma
D. A Pink stoma means that circulation towards the stoma is all well
90. A client with TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, weakness and diaphoresis. The client said “I feel weak”
You saw that his TPN is already empty and another TPN is scheduled to replace the previous one but its provision is
already 3 hours late. Which of the following is the probable complication being experienced by the client?
A. Hyperglycemia B. Hypoglycemia C. Infection D. Fluid overload
91. To assess the adequacy of food intake, which of the following assessment parameters is best used?
A. Food likes and dislikes B. Regularity of meal times C. 3 day diet recall D. Eating style and habits
92. The vomiting center is found in the
A. Medulla Oblongata B. Pons C. Hypothalamus D. Cerebellum
93. The most threatening complication of vomiting in client’s with stroke is
A. Aspiration B. Dehydration C. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance D. Malnutrition
94. Which among this food is the richest source of Iron?
A. Ampalaya B. Broccoli C. Mongo D. Malunggay leaves
95. Which of the following is a good source of Vitamin A?
A. Egg yolk B. Liver C. Fish D. Peanuts
96. The most important nursing action before gastrostomy feeding is
A. Check V/S B. Assess for patency of the tube
C. Measure residual feeding D. Check the placement of the tube
97. The primary advantage of gastrostomy feeding is
A. Ensures adequate nutrition B. It prevents aspiration
C. Maintains Gastro esophageal sphincter integrity D. Minimizes fluid-electrolyte imbalance
98. What is the BMI Of Budek, weighing 120 lbs and has a height of 5 feet 7 inches
A. 20 B. 19 C. 15 D. 25
99. Which finding is consistent with PERNICIOUS ANEMIA?
A. Strawberry tongue B. Currant Jelly stool C. Beefy red tongue D. Pale [ HYPOCHROMIC ] RBC
100. The nurse is browsing the chart of the patient and notes a normal serum lipase level. Which of the following is
a normal serum lipase value?
A. 10 U/L B. 100 U/L C. 200 U/L D. 350 U/L

Test 10
1. A 2 year-old child is receiving temporary total parental nutrition (TPN) through a central venous line. This is the
first day of TPN therapy. Although all of the following nursing actions must be included in the plan of care of this
child, which one would be a priority at this time?
a. Use aseptic technique during dressing changes b. Maintain central line catheter integrity
c. Monitor serum glucose levels d. Check results of liver function tests
2. Nurse Jamie is administering the initial total parenteral nutrition solution to a client. Which of the following
assessments requires the nurse’s immediate attention?
a. Temperature of 37.5 degrees Celsius b. Urine output of 300 cc in 4 hours
c. Poor skin turgor d. Blood glucose of 350 mg/dl
3. Nurse Susan administered intravenous gamma globulin to an 18 month-old child with AIDS. The parent asks why
this medication is being given. What is the nurse’s best response?
a. “It will slow down the replication of the virus.”
b. “This medication will improve your child’s overall health status.”
c. “This medication is used to prevent bacterial infections.”
d. “It will increase the effectiveness of the other medications your child receives.”
4. When caring for a client with total parenteral nutrition (TPN), what is the most important action on the part of the
nurse?
a. Record the number of stools per day b. Maintain strict intake and output records
c. Sterile technique for dressing change at IV site d. Monitor for cardiac arrhythmias
5. The nurse is administering an intravenous vesicant chemotherapeutic agent to a client. Which assessment would
require the nurse’s immediate action?
a. Stomatitis lesion in the mouth b. Severe nausea and vomiting
c. Complaints of pain at site of infusion d. A rash on the client’s extremities
6. Nurse Celine is caring for a client with clinical depression who is receiving a MAO inhibitor. When providing
instructions about precautions with this medication, the nurse should instruct the client to:
a. Avoid chocolate and cheese b. Take frequent naps
c. Take the medication with milk d. Avoid walking without assistance
7. While providing home care to a client with congestive heart failure, the nurse is asked how long diuretics must be
taken. The BEST response to this client should be:
a. “As you urinate more, you will need less medication to control fluid.”
b. “You will have to take this medication for about a year.”
c. “The medication must be continued so the fluid problem is controlled.”
d. “Please talk to your physician about medications and treatments.”
8. George, age 8, is admitted with rheumatic fever. Which clinical finding indicates to the nurse that George needs to
continue taking the salicylates he had received at home?
a. Chorea. b. Polyarthritis. c. Subcutaneous nodules. d. Erythema marginatum.
9. An order is written to start an IV on a 74-year-old client who is getting ready to go to the operating room for a
total hip replacement. What gauge of catheter would best meet the needs of this client?
a. 18 b. 20 c. 21 butterfly d. 25
10. A client with an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis is admitted to the hospital for treatment. Which drug,
used to treat clients with rheumatoid arthritis, has both an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect?
a. Gold sodium thiomalate (Myochrysine) b. Azathioprine (Imuran)
c. Prednisone (Deltasone) d. Naproxen (Naprosyn)
11. Which of the following is least likely to influence the potential for a client to comply with lithium therapy after
discharge?
a. The impact of lithium on the client’s energy level and life-style.
b. The need for consistent blood level monitoring.
c. The potential side effects of lithium.
d. What the client’s friends think of his need to take medication
12. Which of the following is least likely to influence the potential for a client to comply with lithium therapy after
discharge?
a. The impact of lithium on the client’s energy level and life-style.
b. The need for consistent blood level monitoring.
c. The potential side effects of lithium.
d. What the client’s friends think of his need to take medication.
13. The nurse is caring for an elderly client who has been diagnosed as having sundown syndrome. He is alert and
oriented during the day but becomes disoriented and disruptive around dinnertime. He is hospitalized for evaluation.
The nurse asks the client and his family to list all of the medications, prescription and nonprescription, he is
currently taking. What is the primary reason for this action?
a. Multiple medications can lead to dementia

b. The medications can provide clues regarding his medical background
c. Ability to recall medications is a good assessment of the client’s level of orientation.
d. Medications taken by a client are part of every nursing assessment.
14. A 25-year-old woman is in her fifth month of pregnancy. She has been taking 20 units of NPH insulin for
diabetes mellitus daily for six years. Her diabetes has been well controlled with this dosage. She has been coming
for routine prenatal visits, during which diabetic teaching has been implemented. Which of the following statements
indicates that the woman understands the teaching regarding her insulin needs during her pregnancy?
a. “Are you sure all this insulin won’t hurt my baby?”
b. “I’ll probably need my daily insulin dose raised.”
c. “I will continue to take my regular dose of insulin.”
d. “These finger sticks make my hand sore. Can I do them less frequently?”
15. Mrs. Johanson’s physician has prescribed tetracycline 500 mg po q6h. While assessing Mrs. Johanson’s nursing
history for allergies, the nurse notes that Mrs. Johanson’s is also taking oral contraceptives. What is the most
appropriate initial nursing intervention?
a. Administer the dose of tetracycline b. Notify the physician that Mrs. Johanson is taking oral contraceptives.
c. Tell Mrs. Johanson, she should stop taking oral contraceptives since they are inactivated by tetracycline.
d. Tell Mrs. Johanson, to use another form of birth control for at least two months.
16. An adult client’s insulin dosage is 10 units of regular insulin and 15 units of NPH insulin in the morning. The
client should be taught to expect the first insulin peak:
A. as soon as food is ingested. B. in two to four hours. C. in six hours. D. in ten to twelve hours.
17. An adult is hospitalized for treatment of deep electrical burns. Burn wound sepsis develops and mafenide acetate
10% (Sulfamylon) is ordered bid. While applying the Sulfamylon to the wound, it is important for the nurse to
prepare the client for expected responses to the topical application, which include:
a. severe burning pain for a few minutes following applicat
b. possible severe metabolic alkalosis with continued use.
c. black discoloration of everything that comes in contact with this drug.
d. chilling due to evaporation of solution from the moistened dressings.
18. Ms.Clark has hyperthyroidism and is scheduled for a thyroidectomy. The physician has ordered Lugol’s solution
for the client. The nurse understands that the primary reason for giving Lugol’s solution preoperatively is to:
a. decrease the risk of agranulocytosis postoperatively.
b. prevent tetany while the client is under general anesthesia.

c. reduce the size and vascularity of the thyroid and prevent hemorrhage.
d. potentiate the effect of the other preoperative medication so less medicine can be given while the client is under
anesthesia.
19. A two-year-old child with congestive heart failure has been receiving digoxin for one week. The nurse needs to
recognize that an early sign of digitalis toxicity is:
a. bradypnea. b. failure to thrive. c. tachycardia. d. vomiting.
20. Mr. Bates is admitted to the surgical ICU following a left adrenalectomy. He is sleepy but easily aroused. An IV
containing hydrocortisone is running. The nurse planning care for Mr. Bates knows it is essential to include which of
the following nursing interventions at this time?
a. Monitor blood glucose levels every shift to detect development of hypo- or hyperglycemia.
b. Keep flat on back with minimal movement to reduce risk of hemorrhage following surgery.
c. Administer hydrocortisone until vital signs stabilize, then discontinue the IV.
d. Teach Mr. Bates how to care for his wound since he is at high risk for developing postoperative infection.
Test 11
1. The nursery nurse is putting erythromycin ointment in the newborn’s eyes to prevent infection. She places
it in the following area of the eye
A. under the eyeli B. on the cornea. C. in the lower conjunctival sac D. by the optic disc.
2. The physician orders penicillin for a patient with streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse administers the
drug as ordered, and the patient has an allergic reaction. The nurse checks the medication order sheet and
finds that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Legal responsibility for the error is:
A. only the nurse’s—she should have checked the allergies before administering the medication.
B. only the physician’s—she gave the order, the nurse is obligated to follow it.
C. only the pharmacist’s—he should alert the floor to possible allergic reactions.
D. the pharmacist, physician, and nurse are all liable for the mistake
3. James Perez, a nurse on a geriatric floor, is administering a dose of digoxin to one of his patients. The
woman asks why she takes a different pill than her niece, who also has heart trouble. James replies that as
people get older, liver and kidney function decline, and if the dose is as high as her niece’s, the drug will tend
to:
A. have a shorter half-life. B. accumulate. C. have decreased distribution .D. have increased absorption.
4. The nurse is administering augmentin to her patient with a sinus infection. Which is the best way for her to
insure that she is giving it to the right patient?
A. Call the patient by name B. Read the name of the patient on the patient’s door
C. Check the patient’s wristband D. Check the patient’s room number on the unit census list
5. The most important instructions a nurse can give a patient regarding the use of the
antibiotic ampicillin prescribed for her are to
A. call the physician if she has any breathing difficulties.
B. take it with meals so it doesn’t cause an upset stomach.
C. take all of the medication prescribed even if the symptoms stop sooner.
D. not share the pills with anyone else.

6. Mr. Jessie Ray, a newly admitted patient, has a seizure disorder which is being treated with medication.
Which of the following drugs would the nurse question if ordered for him?
A. Phenobarbitol, 150 mg hs B. Amitriptylene (Elavil), 10 mg QID.
C. Valproic acid (Depakote), 150 mg BID D. Phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg TID
7. Mrs. Jane Gately has been dealing with uterine cancer for several months. Pain management is the
primary focus of her current admission to your oncology unit. Her vital signs on admission are BP 110/64,
pulse 78, respirations 18, and temperature 99.2 F. Morphine sulfate 6mg IV, q 4 hours, prn has been ordered.
During your assessment after lunch, your findings are: BP 92/60, pulse 66, respirations 10, and temperature
98.8. Mrs. Gately is crying and tells you she is still experiencing severe pain. Your action should be to
A. give her the next ordered dose of MS.
B. give her a back rub, put on some light music, and dim the lights in the room.
C. report your findings to the MD, requesting an alternate medication order
D. be obtained from the physician.
E. call her daughter to come and sit with her.
8. When counseling a patient who is starting to take MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors such as Nardil for
depression, it is essential that they be warned not to eat foods containing tyramine, such as:
A. Roquefort, cheddar, or Camembert cheese B. grape juice, orange juice, or raisins.
C. onions, garlic, or scallions. D. ground beef, turkey, or pork.
9. The physician orders an intramuscular injection of Demerol for the postoperativepatient’s pain. When
preparing to draw up the medication, the nurse is careful to remove the correct vial from the narcotics
cabinet. It is labeled
A. simethicone. B. albuterol. C. meperidine. D. ibuprofen.
10. The nurse is administering an antibiotic to her pediatric patient. She checks the patient’s armband and
verifies the correct medication by checking the physician’s order, medication kardex, and vial. Which of the
following is not considered one of the five “rights” of drug administration?
A. Right dose B. Right route C. Right frequency D. Right time

11. A nurse is preparing the client’s morning NPH insulin dose and notices a clumpy precipitate inside the
insulin vial. The nurse should:
A. draw up and administer the dose B. shake the vial in an attempt to disperse the clumps
C. draw the dose from a new vial D. warm the bottle under running water to dissolve the clump
12. A client with histoplasmosis has an order for ketoconazole (Nizoral). The nurse teaches the client to do
which of the following while taking this medication?
A. take the medication on an empty stomach B. take the medication with an antacid
C. avoid exposure to sunlight D. limit alcohol to 2 ounces per day
13. A nurse has taught a client taking a xanthine bronchodilator about beverages to avoid. The nurse
determines that the client understands the information if the client chooses which of the following beverages
from the dietary menu?
A. chocolate milk B. cranberry juice C. coffee D. cola
14. A client is taking famotidine (Pepcid) asks the home care nurse what would be the best medication to take
for a headache. The nurse tells the client that it would be best to take:
A. aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) B. ibuprofen (Motrin)
C. acetaminophen (Tylenol) D. naproxen (Naprosyn)
15. A nurse is planning dietary counseling for the client taking triamterene (Dyrenium). The nurse plans to
include which of the following in a list of foods that are acceptable?
A. baked potato B. bananas C. oranges D. pears canned in water
16. A client with advanced cirrhosis of the liver is not tolerating protein well, as eveidenced by abnormal
laboratory values. The nurse anticipates that which of the following medications will be prescribed for the
client?
A. lactulose (Chronulac) B. ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)
C. folic acid (Folvite) D. thiamine (Vitamin B1)
17. A female client tells the clinic nurse that her skin is very dry and irritated. Which product would the
nurse suggest that the client apply to the dry skin?
A. glycerin emollient B. aspercreame C. myoflex D. acetic acid solution

18. A nurse is providing instructions to a client regarding quinapril hydrochloride (Accupril). The nurse tells
the client:
A. to take the medication with food only B. to rise slowly from a lying to a sitting position
C. to discontinue the medication if nausea occurs D. that a therapeutic effect will be noted immediately
19. Auranofin (Ridaura) is prescribed for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, and the nurse monitors the client
for signs of an adverse effect related to the medication. Which of the following indicates an adverse effect?
A. nausea B. diarrhea C. anorexia D. proteinuria
20. A client has been taking benzonatate (Tessalon) as ordered. The nurse tells the client that this medication
should do which of the following?
A. take away nausea and vomiting B. calm the persistent cough
C. decrease anxiety level D. increase comfort level

Test 12
. An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter.
How would bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?
a. It protects the bacteria from antibiotic and immunologic destruction.
b. Glycocalyx neutralizes the antibiotic rendering it ineffective.
c. It competes with the antibiotic for binding sites on the microbe.
d. Glycocalyx provides nutrients for microbial growth.
2. Central venous access devices are beneficial in pediatric therapy because:
a. They don’t frighten children. b. Use of the arms is not restricted.
c. They cannot be dislodged. d. They are difficult to see.
3. How can central venous access devices (CVADs) be of value in a patient receiving chemotherapy who has
stomatitis and severe diarrhea?
a. The chemotherapy can be rapidly completed allowing the stomatitis and diarrhea to resolve.
b. Crystalloid can be administered to prevent dehydration.
c. Concentrated hyperalimentation fluid can be administered through the CVAD.
d. The chemotherapy dose can be reduced.
4. Some central venous access devices (CVAD) have more than one lumen. These multi lumen catheters:
a. Have an increased risk of infiltration. b. Only work a short while because the small bore clots off.
c. Are beneficial to patient care but are prohibitively expensive.
d. Allow different medications or solutions to be administered simultaneously.
5. Some institutions will not infuse a fat emulsion, such as Intralipid, into central venous access devices
(CVAD) because:
a. Lipid residue may accumulate in the CVAD and occlude the catheter.
b. If the catheter clogs, there is no treatment other than removal and replacement.
c. Lipids are necessary only in the most extreme cases to prevent essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency.
d. Fat emulsions are very caustic.

6. A male patient needs a percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC) for prolonged IV therapy. He
knows it can be inserted without going to the operating room. He mentions that, “at least the doctor won’t be
wearing surgical garb, will he?” How will the nurse answer the patient?
a. “You are correct. It is a minor procedure performed on the unit and does not necessitate surgical attire.”
b. “To decrease the risk of infection, the doctor inserting the PICC will wear a cap, mask, and sterile gown and
gloves.”
c. “It depends on the doctor’s preference.”
d. “Most doctors only wear sterile gloves, not a cap, mask, or sterile gown.
7. A male patient is to receive a percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC). He asks the nurse whether
the insertion will hurt. How will the nurse reply?
a. “You will have general anesthesia so you won’t feel anything.
b. “It will be inserted rapidly, and any discomfort is fleeting.”
c. “The insertion site will be anesthetized. Threading the catheter through the vein is not painful.”
d. “You will receive sedation prior to the procedure.”
8. What volume of air can safely be infused into a patient with a central venous access device (CVAD)?
a. It is dependent on the patient’s weight and height.
b. Air entering the patient through a CVAD will follow circulation to the lungs where it will be absorbed and cause
no problems.
c. It is dependent on comorbidities such as asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease.
d. None.
9. Kent a new staff nurse asks her preceptor nurse how to obtain a blood sample from a patient with a
portacath device. The preceptor nurse teaches the new staff nurse:
a. The sample will be withdrawn into a syringe attached to the portacath needle and then placed into a vacutainer.
b. Portacath devices are not used to obtain blood samples because of the risk of clot formation.
c. The vacutainer will be attached to the portacath needle to obtain a direct sample.
d. Any needle and syringe may be utilized to obtain the sample.
10. What is the purpose of “tunneling” (inserting the catheter 2-4 inches under the skin) when the surgeon
inserts a Hickman central catheter device? Tunneling:
a. Increases the patient’s comfort level. b. Decreases the risk of infection.
c. Prevents the patient’s clothes from having contact with the catheter
d. Makes the catheter less visible to other people.

11. The primary complication of a central venous access device (CVAD) is:
a. Thrombus formation in the vein. b. Pain and discomfort.
c. Infection. d. Occlusion of the catheter as the result of an intra-lumen clot.
12. Nurse Blessy is doing some patient education related to a patient’s central venous access device. Which of
the following statements will the nurse make to the patient?
a. “These type of devices are essentially risk free.”
b. “These devices seldom work for more than a week or two necessitating replacement.”
c. “The dressing should only the changed by your doctor.”
d. “Heparin in instilled into the lumen of the catheter to decrease the risk of clotting.”
13. The chemotherapeutic DNA alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustards are effective because they:
a. Cross-link DNA strands with covalent bonds between alkyl groups on the drug and guanine bases on DNA.
b. Have few, if any, side effects.
c. Are used to treat multiple types of cancer.
d. Are cell cycle-specific agents.
14. Hormonal agents are used to treat some cancers. An example would be:
a. Thyroxine to treat thyroid cancer. b. ACTH to treat adrenal carcinoma.
c. Estrogen antagonists to treat breast cancer. d. Glucagon to treat pancreatic carcinoma
15. Chemotherapeutic agents often produce a certain degree of myelosuppression including leukopenia.
Leukopenia does not present immediately but is delayed several days to weeks because:
a. The patient’s hemoglobin and hematocrit are normal. b. Red blood cells are affected first.
c. Folic acid levels are normal. d. The current white cell count is not affected by chemotherapy.
16. Currently, there is no way to prevent myelosuppression. However, there are medications available to elicit
a more rapid bone marrow recovery. An example is:
a. Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit). b. Glucagon. c. Fenofibrate (Tricor). d. Lamotrigine (Lamictal).
17. Estrogen antagonists are used to treat estrogen hormone-dependent cancer, such as breast carcinoma.
Androgen antagonists block testosterone stimulation of androgen-dependent cancers. An example of an
androgen-dependent cancer would be:
a. Prostate cancer. b. Thyroid cancer. c. Renal carcinoma. d. neuroblastoma.

18. Serotonin release stimulates vomiting following chemotherapy. Therefore, serotonin antagonists are
effective in preventing and treating nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy. An example of an effective
serotonin antagonist antiemetic is:
a. ondansetron (Zofran). b. fluoxetine (Prozac). c. paroxetine (Paxil). d. sertraline (Zoloft).
19. Methotrexate, the most widely used antimetabolite in cancer chemotherapy does not penetrate the central
nervous system (CNS). To treat CNS disease this drug must be administered:
a. Intravenously. b. Subcutaneously. c. Intrathecally. d. By inhalation.
20. Methotrexate is a folate antagonist. It inhibits enzymes required for DNA base synthesis. To prevent harm
to normal cells, a fully activated form of folic acid known as leucovorin (folinic acid; citrovorum factor) can
be administered. Administration of leucovorin is known as:
a. Induction therapy. b. Consolidation therapy. c. Pulse therapy. d. Rescue therapy.
21. A male Patient is undergoing chemotherapy may also be given the drug allopurinol (Zyloprim, Aloprim).
Allopurinol inhibits the synthesis of uric acid. Concomitant administration of allopurinol prevents:
a. Myelosuppression. b. Gout and hyperuricemia. c. Pancytopenia. d. Cancer cell growth and replication
22. Superficial bladder cancer can be treated by direct instillation of the antineoplastic antibiotic agent
mitomycin (Mutamycin). This process is termed:
a. Intraventricular administration. b. Intravesical administration.
c. Intravascular administration. d. Intrathecal administration.
23. The most common dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapy is:
a. Nausea and vomiting. b. Bloody stools
c. Myelosuppression. d. Inability to ingest food orally due to stomatitis and mucositis.
24. Chemotherapy induces vomiting by:
a. Stimulating neuroreceptors in the medulla. b. Inhibiting the release of catecholamines.
c. Autonomic instability. d. Irritating the gastric mucosa.
25. Myeloablation using chemotherapeutic agents is useful in cancer treatment because:
a. It destroys the myelocytes (muscle cells). b. It reduces the size of the cancer tumor.
c. After surgery, it reduces the amount of chemotherapy needed. d. It destroys the bone marrow prior to transplant.
26. Anticipatory nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy occurs:
a. Within the first 24 hours after chemotherapy. b. 1-5 days after chemotherapy.
c. Before chemotherapy administration. d. While chemotherapy is being administered.

27. Medications bound to protein have the following effect:
a. Enhancement of drug availability.
b. Rapid distribution of the drug to receptor sites.
c. The more drug bound to protein, the less available for desired effect.
d. Increased metabolism of the drug by the liver.
28. Some drugs are excreted into bile and delivered to the intestines. Prior to elimination from the body, the
drug may be absorbed. This process is known as:
a. Hepatic clearance. b. Total clearance. c. Enterohepatic cycling. d. First-pass effect.
29. An adult patient has been taking a drug (Drug A) that is highly metabolized by the cytochrome p-450
system. He has been on this medication for 6 months. At this time, he is started on a second medication (Drug
B) that is an inducer of the cytochrome p-450 system. You should monitor this patient for:
a. Increased therapeutic effects of Drug A b. Increased adverse effects of Drug B.
c. Decreased therapeutic effects of Drug A. d. Decreased therapeutic effects of Drug B.
30. Epinephrine is administered to a female patient. The nurse should expect this agent to rapidly affect:
a. Adrenergic receptors b. Muscarinic receptors.
c. Cholinergic receptors. d. Nicotinic receptors.

Test 13
Walter, a teenage patient is admitted to the hospital because of acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose.
Overdoses of acetaminophen can precipitate life-threatening abnormalities in which of the following organs?
a. Lungs b. Liver c. Kidney d. Adrenal Glands
2. A contraindication for topical corticosteroid usage in a male patient with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:
a. Parasite infection. b. Viral infection. c. Bacterial infection. d. Spirochete infection.
3. In infants and children, the side effects of first generation over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines, such as
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and hydroxyzine (Atarax) include:
a. Reye’s syndrome. b. Cholinergic effects. c. Paradoxical CNS stimulation. d. Nausea and diarrhea.
4. Reye’s syndrome, a potentially fatal illness associated with liver failure and encephalopathy is associated
with the administration of which over-the-counter (OTC) medication?
a. acetaminophen (Tylenol) b. ibuprofen (Motrin)
c. aspirin d. brompheniramine/pseudoephedrine (Dimetapp)
5. The nurse is aware that the patients who are allergic to intravenous contrast media are usually also allergic
to which of the following products?
a. Eggs b. Shellfish c. Soy d. acidic fruits
6. A 13-month-old child recently arrived in the United States from a foreign country with his parents and
needs childhood immunizations. His mother reports that he is allergic to eggs. Upon further questioning, you
determine that the allergy to eggs is anaphylaxis. Which of the following vaccines should he not receive?
a. Hepatitis B b. inactivated polio
c. diphtheria, acellular pertussis, tetanus (DTaP) d. mumps, measles, rubella (MMR)
7. The cell and Coombs classification system categorizes allergic reactions and is useful in describing and
classifying patient reactions to drugs. Type I reactions are immediate hypersensitivity reactions and are
mediated by:
a. immunoglobulin E (IgE). b. immunoglobulin G (IgG).
c. immunoglobulin A (IgA). d. immunoglobulin M (IgM).
8. Drugs can cause adverse events in a patient. Bone marrow toxicity is one of the most frequent types of
drug-induced toxicity. The most serious form of bone marrow toxicity is:
a. aplastic anemia. b. thrombocytosis. c. leukocytosis. d. granulocytosis.
9. Serious adverse effects of oral contraceptives include:
a. Increase in skin oil followed by acne b. Headache and dizziness
c. Early or mid-cycle bleeding. d. Thromboembolic complications.

10. The most serious adverse effect of Alprostadil (Prostin VR pediatric injection) administration in neonates
is:
a. Apnea. b. Bleeding tendencies. c. Hypotension. d. Pyrexia.
11. Mandy, a patient calls the clinic today because he is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat his high
cholesterol and is having pain in both of his legs. You instruct him to:
a. Stop taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
b. Continue taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
c. Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.
d. Walk for at least 30 minutes and call if symptoms continue.
12. Which of the following adverse effects is associated with levothyroxine (Synthroid) therapy?
a. Tachycardia b. Bradycardia c. Hypotension d. Constipation
13. Which of the following adverse effects is specific to the biguanide diabetic drug metformin (Glucophage)
therapy?
a. Hypoglycemia b. GI distress c. Lactic acidosis d. Somnolence
14. The most serious adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose is:
a. Seizures. b. Hyperpyrexia c. Metabolic acidosis. d. Cardiac arrhythmias.
15. The nurse is aware that the following solutions is routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the
administration of blood to a patient is:
a. 0.9 percent sodium chloride b. 5 percent dextrose in water solution
c. Sterile water d. Heparin sodium
16. Cris asks the nurse whether all donor blood products are cross-matched with the recipient to prevent a
transfusion reaction. Which of the following always require cross-matching?
a. packed red blood cells b. platelets c. plasma d. granulocytes
17. A month after receiving a blood transfusion an immunocompromised male patient develops fever, liver
abnormalities, a rash, and diarrhea. The nurse would suspect this patient has:
a. Nothing related to the blood transfusion. b. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
c. Myelosuppression. d. An allergic response to a recent medication.
18. Jonas comes into the local blood donation center. He says he is here to donate platelets only today. The
nurse knows this process is called:
a. Directed donation. b. Autologous donation. c. Allogeneic donation d. Apheresis.

19. Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:
a. Premature infants. b. Children ages 1-20 years c. Adults ages 21-64 years. d. The elderly above age 65 years.
20. A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The
physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse
responds:
a. “This is the only treatment left to offer the child.
b. “This therapy is fast and reliable in treating infections in children.”
c. “The physician will have to explain his rationale to you.”
d. “Granulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own.”
21. A neighbor tells nurse Maureen he has to have surgery and is reluctant to have any blood product
transfusions because of a fear of contracting an infection. He asks the nurse what are his options. The nurse
teaches the person that the safest blood product is:
a. An allogeneic product. b. A directed donation product.
c. An autologous product. d. A cross-matched product.
22. A severely immunocompromised female patient requires a blood transfusion. To prevent GVHD, the
physician will order:
a. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl). b. The transfusion to be administered slowly over several hours.
c. Irradiation of the donor blood. d. Acetaminophen (Tylenol).
23. Louie who is to receive a blood transfusion asks the nurse what is the most common type of infection he
could receive from the transfusion. The nurse teaches him that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients contract:
a. Human immunodeficiency disease (HIV) b. Hepatitis C infection.
c. Hepatitis B infection. d. West Nile viral disease.
24. A male patient with blood type AB, Rh factor positive needs a blood transfusion. The Transfusion Service
(blood bank) sends type O, Rh factor negative blood to the unit for the nurse to infuse into this patient. The
nurse knows that:
a. This donor blood is incompatible with the patient’s blood.
b. Premedicating the patient with diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) will
prevent any transfusion reactions or side effects.
c. This is a compatible match.
d. The patient is at minimal risk receiving this product since it is the first time he has been transfused with type O,
Rh negative blood.
25. Dr. Rodriguez orders 250 milliliters of packed red blood cells (RBC) for a patient. This therapy is
administered for treatment of:
a. Thrombocytopenia. b. Anemia. c. Leukopenia. d. Hypoalbuminemia.
26. A female patient needs a whole blood transfusion. In order for transfusion services (the blood bank) to
prepare the correct product a sample of the patient’s blood must be obtained for:
a. A complete blood count and differential. b. A blood type and crossmatch.
c. A blood culture and sensitivity. d. A blood type and antibody screen.
27. A male patient needs to receive a unit of whole blood. What type of intravenous (IV) device should the
nurse consider starting?
a. A small catheter to decrease patient discomfort
b. The type of IV device the patient has had in the past, which worked well
c. A large bore catheter
d. The type of device the physician prefers
28. Dr. Smith orders a gram of human salt poor albumin product for a patient. The product is available in a
50 milliliter vial with a concentration of 25 percent. What dosage will the nurse administer?
a. The nurse should use the entire 50 milliliter vial.
b. The nurse should determine the volume to administer from the physician.
c. This concentration of product should not be used.
d. The nurse will administer 4 milliliters.
29. Central venous access devices (CVADs) are frequently utilized to administer chemotherapy. What is a
distinct advantage of using the CVAD for chemotherapeutic agent administration?
a. CVADs are less expensive than a peripheral IV. b. Once a week administration is possible.
c. Caustic agents in small veins can be avoided. d. The patient or his family can administer the drug at home.
30. A female patient’s central venous access device (CVAD) becomes infected. Why would the physician order
antibiotics to be given through the line rather than through a peripheral IV line?
a. To prevent infiltration of the peripheral line
b. To reduce the pain and discomfort associated with antibiotic administration in a small vein
c. To lessen the chance of an allergic reaction to the antibiotic
d. To attempt to sterilize the catheter and prevent having to remove it.

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Test 4

3. Which of the following patients is at greater risk for contracting an infection?

4. Effective hand washing requires the use of:

5. After routine patient contact, hand washing should last at least:

6. Which of the following procedures always requires surgical asepsis?

15. The primary purpose of a platelet count is to evaluate the:

18. Which of the following statements about chest X-ray is false?

24. The appropriate needle size for insulin injection is:

25. The appropriate needle gauge for intradermal injection is:

26. Parenteral penicillin can be administered as an:

30. Which of the following conditions may require fluid restriction?

36. The nurse explains to a patient that a cough:

38. A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse who has:

40. Clay colored stools indicate:

42. All of the following are good sources of vitamin A except:

50. Immobility impairs bladder elimination, resulting in such disorders as

1. The four major concepts in nursing theory are

A. Person, Environment, Nurse, Health B. Nurse, Person, Environment, Cure

C. Promotive, Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative D. Person, Environment, Nursing, Health

A. Nightingale B. Benner C. Swanson D. King

A. King B. Henderson C. Roy D. Leininger

A. Henderson B. Orem C. Swanson D. Neuman

A. Neuman B. Johnson C. Watson D. Parse

A. Henderson B. Abdellah C. Levin D. Peplau

A. Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson

A. Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson

A. Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson

A.Benner B. Watson C. Leininger D. Swanson

A. A profession is an organization of an occupational group based on the application of special knowledge

B. It serves specific interest of a group C. It is altruistic

D. Quality of work is of greater importance than the rewards

12. Which of the following is NOT an attribute of a professional?

A. Concerned with quantity B. Self directed

C. Committed to spirit of inquiry D. Independent

13. The most unique characteristic of nursing as a profession is

A. Education B. Theory C. Caring D. Autonomy

A. Philosophy B. Personality C. Charm D. Character

A. Philosophy B. Personality C. Charm D. Character

A. Initiate modification on client’s lifestyle B. Protect client’s right

17. What best describes nurses as a care provider

A. Determine client’s need B. Provide direct nursing care

C. Help client recognize and cope with stressful psychological situation

D. Works in combined effort with all those involved in patient’s care

A. Change agent B. Client advocate C. Case manager D. Collaborator

A. Dependent B. Independent C. Interdependent D. Intradependent

A. Total patient care B. Team nursing C. Primary Nursing D. Case management

A. Functional nursing B. Team nursing C. Primary nursing D. Total patient care

A. Functional nursing B. Team nursing C. Primary nursing D. Total patient care

A. Functional nursing B. Team nursing C. Primary nursing D. Total patient care

24. Who developed the first theory of nursing?

A. Hammurabi B. Alexand C. Fabiola D. Nightingale

25. She introduces the NATURE OF NURSING MODEL.

A. Henderson B. Nightingale C. Parse D. Orlando

26. She described the four conservation principle.

A. Levin B. Leininger C. Orlando D. Parse

27. Proposed the HEALTH CARE SYSTEM MODEL.

A. Henderson B. Orem C. Parse D. Neuman

28. Conceptualized the BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM MODEL

A. Orem B. Johnson C. Henderson D. Parse