VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI,

KARNATAKA – 590018

S.J.P.N TRUST’S

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI – 591236

2018-19
Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY
RECYCLING PLASTIC”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL
Submitted by:

Mr. RAGHAVENDRA PASTE 2HN16ME416

Mr. AKASH I PATIL 2HN15ME004
Mr. PRAJWAL G V 2HN15ME062
Mr. KUMARARAMA S HARLAPUR 2HN14ME035

Under the guidance of

Prof. M.R.INGALAGI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2018-19
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI- 590018

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI-591236

Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the project work entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY RECYCLING PLASTIC” carried out by
Mr.Raghavendra Paste , USN:2HN16ME416, Mr.Akash I Patil , USN:2HN15ME004,
Mr.Prajwal G V ,USN:2HN15ME062 Mr.Kumararama S Harlapur , USN:2HN14ME035,
are bonafide student of HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI in
partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2018-2019. It is
certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been
incorporated in the Report. The project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of project work prescribed for the said degree.

Prof. M.R.Ingalagi Dr. B.M Shrigiri Dr. S.C. Kamate

GUIDE H.O.D PRINCIPAL

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.________________________

2.________________________
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI,
KARNATAKA – 590018

S.J.P.N TRUST’S

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI – 591236

2018-19
Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY
RECYCLING PLASTIC”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL
Submitted by:

Mr. RAGHAVENDRA PASTE 2HN16ME416

Under the guidance of

Prof. M.R.INGALAGI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2018-19
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI,
KARNATAKA – 590018

S.J.P.N TRUST’S

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI – 591236

2018-19
Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY
RECYCLING PLASTIC”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL
Submitted by:

Mr. AKASH I PATIL 2HN15ME004

Under the guidance of

Prof. M.R.INGALAGI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2018-19
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI,
KARNATAKA – 590018

S.J.P.N TRUST’S

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI – 591236

2018-19
Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY
RECYCLING PLASTIC”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL
Submitted by:

Mr. PRAJWAL G V 2HN15ME062

Under the guidance of

Prof. M.R.INGALAGI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2018-19
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI,
KARNATAKA – 590018

S.J.P.N TRUST’S

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI – 591236

2018-19
Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY
RECYCLING PLASTIC”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL
Submitted by:

Mr. KUMARARAMA S HARLAPUR 2HN14ME035

Under the guidance of

Prof. M.R.INGALAGI

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2018-19
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI- 590018

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI-591236

Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the project work entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY RECYCLING PLASTIC” carried out by
Mr..Akash I Patil , USN:2HN15ME004, is bonafide student of HIRASUGAR
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI in partial fulfillment for the award of
Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi during the year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions
indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The project report
has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of project work
prescribed for the said degree.

Prof. M.R.Ingalagi Dr. B.M Shrigiri Dr. S.C. Kamate

GUIDE H.O.D PRINCIPAL

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.________________________

2.________________________
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI- 590018

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI-591236

Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the project work entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY RECYCLING PLASTIC” carried out by
Mr. Raghavendra G Paste, USN:2HN16ME416, is bonafide student of HIRASUGAR
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI in partial fulfillment for the award of
Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi during the year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions
indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The project report
has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of project work
prescribed for the said degree.

Prof. M.R.Ingalagi Dr. B.M Shrigiri Dr. S.C. Kamate

GUIDE H.O.D PRINCIPAL

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.________________________

2.________________________
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI- 590018

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI-591236

Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the project work entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY RECYCLING PLASTIC” carried out by
Mr.Prajwal G V ,USN:2HN15ME062 is bonafide student of HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of
Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi
during the year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for
Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The project report has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of project work prescribed for
the said degree.

Prof. M.R.Ingalagi Dr. B.M Shrigiri Dr. S.C. Kamate

GUIDE H.O.D PRINCIPAL

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.________________________

2.________________________
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI- 590018

HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI-591236

Accredited at 'A' Grade by NAAC and Recognized Under Section 2(f) of UGC Act, 1956

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the project work entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
COMPOSITE TILE MAKER MACHINE BY RECYCLING PLASTIC” carried out by
Mr.Kumararama S Harlapur, USN:2HN14ME035, is bonafide student of HIRASUGAR
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI in partial fulfillment for the award of
Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi during the year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions
indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report. The project report
has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of project work
prescribed for the said degree.

Prof. M.R.Ingalagi Dr. B.M Shrigiri Dr. S.C. Kamate

GUIDE H.O.D PRINCIPAL

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1.________________________

2.________________________
 ACKNOLEDGEMENT
It gives me an immense pleasure to write an acknowledgement to this seminar
report, a contribution of all people who helped me realize it.

We take this opportunity to express our respectful regards to our beloved principal
Dr. S.C. Kamate for permitting us to do this seminar.

Also We express my deep sense of gratitude and appreciation to our beloved HOD
Dr. B.M. Shrigiri for this enthusiastic inspiration and amicable in all phases of our
seminar.

With due respect We would like to express my sincere thanks to our Project guide
Prof. M.R.Ingalagi for their struggling effort and timely guidance, patience in solving
our doubts, which kept cropping up in due course of my seminar work needs special
credits.

With due respect We would like to say thanks to Project co-coordinator

Prof. Mahantesh Tanodi for extreme support.

My sincere thanks to all those people who have contributed to this seminar in every step
of this like My Parents, Mechanical staff, and My Friends.

Mr. Raghavendra Paste

Mr. Akash Patil
Mr. Prajwal G V
Mr. Kumararam S Harlapur
 ABSTRACT

Plastic waste which is increasing day by day becomes eyesore and in turn pollutes
the environment, especially in high mountain villages where no garbage collection system
exists. A large amount of plastic is being brought into the tourist trekking regions are
discarded or burned which leads to the contamination of environment and air. Hence, these
waste plastics are to be effectively utilized. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and
polyethylene (PE) bags are cleaned and added with sand and aggregate at various
percentages to obtain high strength tiles that possess thermal and sound insulation properties
to control pollution and to reduce the overall cost of construction, this is one of the best
ways to avoid the accumulation of plastic waste which is an on-degradable pollutant. This
alternatively saves the quanta of sand/clay that has to be taken away from the precious river
beds/mines. The plastic waste is naturally available in surplus quantity and hence the cost
factor comes down. Also Coloring agents can be added to the mixture to attain desired
shades. Hence in this thesis, an attempt is made to study regard the properties of the tiles
which is manufactured using plastic wastes. Keywords-Plastic waste, high density
polyethylene, polyethylene, properties, tiles, ferric oxide
CONTENT
Page no

Chapter 1- Introduction 01-05

1.1 Types of waste plastic 03
1.2 composite material 03-05
Chapter 2- Literature Review 06-08
Chapter 3- Objectives 09
Chapter 4- Materials 10-11
4.1 Plastic 10
4.2 Silica sand
4.3 Burnt engine oil 11
Chapter 5- Machine components 12-17
5.1 Frame 12
5.2 Heating chamber 13
5.3 Electric heater 13
5.4 Stirrer 14
5.5 crusher 14
5.6 Spur Gear 15
5.6 cutter blades 16
5.7 Ball bearing 16
5.8 Nut & Bolts 17
Chapter 6- Design of machine details 18-21

Chapter 7- Working Methodology 22-23

Chapter 8- Testing of composite tile and calculation 24-27

8.1Compression test 24-25

8.2Impact test 25-26

8.3Water absorption test 27

Chapter 9- Results and discussion 28-31

9.1Compression test 28-30

9.2Impact test specimen 31

 9.2Water absorption 31

Chapter 10- Advantages, Limitations & Applications 32-33

8.1. Advantages 32

8.2 Limitations. 32

8.3 Applications 33

OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT 34

CONCLUSION 35

FUTURE WORK 36
EXPENDITURE OF THE PROJECT 37
REFERENCE 38
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE No. TITLE PAGE No.

01 waste plastic disposal or dumping 02

02 Composite tile ( mixture of plastic and sand ) 04

03 05
classification of composites based on
reinforcement
04 04 classification of composites based on matrices 5

06 Silica sand 11

07 Burnt Lubricant oil 11

08 Frame 12

09 Heating chamber 13

10 Electric heater 13

11 Stirrer 14

12 crusher 14

13 Spur gears 15

14 14 cutter blades 16

15 Ball bearing 16

16 Nut and bolt 17

17 Design of composite tile maker machine ( CAMD) 18

18 composite tile maker machine 22

19 Compression test specimen 24

20 Compression test specimen under testing 24

21 21 Impact test machine 25

22 Impact specimen before testing 26

23 . Water absorption test specimens 27

24 Before Compression test specimen 28

25 After Compression test specimen 28

26 Before Impact test specimen 31

27 After Impact test specimen 31

28 Composite tiles (Various designs of tiles) 34

LIST OF TABLE

Table No. Title Page No.

01 Types of waste plastics 03
02 Tabular columns 29

LIST OF GRAPHS

Graph No. Title Page No.

01 Load Vs Deflection ( ratio: 30
50%plastic & 50% sand)
02 Load Vs Deflection ( ratio: 30
80%plastic & 20% sand)