❖ CONTENTS:

1. Introduction

2. Necessity

3. Source

4. Salient features

5. Methodology

6. Population Forecasting

7. Capacity of reservoir

8. Water quality analysis

9. Water treatment plant

10.Pumping station

11.Design of supply lines

12.Maps

13.Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION:

Water is absolutely necessary for life. Water is essential not

only for survival of human beings but also for plants and animals and
all other living beings.The area surveyed is YERIKOPPA village,
which is 5.9km away from Dharwad, which is at an elevation of 738m
from sea level.Presently water is supplied through mini water supply
scheme by bore wells and providing cistern.This water must be treated
properly; there are chances of water contamination due to presence of
high dissolved solids and magnesium salts.

NECESSITY:
The village Yerikoppa, is not provided with proper and sustained water supply.
Presently water is supplied through the local water bodies and borewells.This
system has been found to be insufficient due to increase in population, lack of
proper management and decrease in potable water. This water must be treated
properly there are chances of water contamination due to local bodies, animals
and high concentration of dissolved salts

SOURCE:
Rainfall and local water bodies are the main sources of water for the village.
The average rainfall is about 885mm; there is an existing water supply scheme
along with 4 bore wells.

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 SALIENT FEATURES

❖ Name of the project: Water supply project

❖ Location: Yerikoppa

❖ Taluk : Dharwad

❖ District : Dharwad

❖ Latitude : 15.3974° N

❖ Longitude : 75.0005° E

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 POPULATION FORECASTING
YEAR POPULATION INCREASE % INCREASE

1999 1251

2009 1503 252 20.1438

2019 1695 192 12.7744

444 32.9183

GEOMETRICAL METHOD ARITHMETIC METHOD

r= (20.14*12.77) ^ (1/2) = 16.04 c=444/2 = 222

FUTUREPOPULATION FUTUREPOPULATION
YEAR POPULAION YEAR POPULAION
2029 1967 2029 1917

2039 2282 2039 2139

2049 2648 2049 2361

WHERE,

r = Geometric mean

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 CAPACITY OF RESERVOIR
CONTOUR AREA (m2) CONTOUR INTERVAL
90.5 2110.62 0.5
91.0 3758.53 0.5
91.5 4964.47 0.5
92.0 6245.46 0.5
92.5 8784.36 0.5
93.0 15391.97 0.5

(where, D=contour interval, A= area of contours)

Trapezoidal formula Prismoidal formula

Capacity= Capacity= D/3(Ao+An)

D (Ao+An)/2+(A1+A2+………) +4(A1+A3+A5+…..)+2(A2+A4+……)

CAPACITY = 16252.06 m3 CAPACITY = 14169.37 m3

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WATER DEMAND:-
Population: 2400

Per capita demand: 80lpcd

Peak water demand =1.5* average water demand

Water demand=80*2400*1.5

=288000 ltrs/day

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 WATER SAMPLE TEST REPORT
SL PARAMETER LAKE BOREWELL DESIRABLE
WATER WATER LIMITS
RESULT RESULT
(mg/lt)
(mg/lt) (mg/lt)

1 pH 6.8 7.3 6.5-8.5

2 Turbidity 8.3 NTU Nil 5 NTU

3 Conductivity 125 ms/m 101 ms/m Nil

4 Dissolved solids 790 650 500

5 Hardness 218.1 401.2 300

6 Calcium (Ca) 58.4 90.3 75

7 Magnesium (Mg) 17.5 42.6 30

8 Chlorides 305 215 250

9 Alkalinity 188 286 600

10 Sulphates 60 34 200

11 Fluoride 0.2 0.1 1

12 Iron 0.2 0.2 0.3

13 MPN (per 100ml) 225 8

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WATER TREATMENT PLANT:
Water treatment processes in water supply system are:

1. Screening

2. Raw water tank

3. Aeration tank

4. Sedimentation

5. Filtration tank

6. Chlorination tank

7. Clear water reservoir

Screening:
Coarse screens are provided in front of the inlet of intake tanks, so as to exclude
the larger sized particles such as debris, animals, trees, branches, bushes, etc.
coarse screens consist of parallel iron rods placed vertically or inclined (45 to 60
degrees with the horizontal) at about 2.5 to 5cm apart. The inclined screens
increase the opening area to reduce flow velocity and thus making the screens
more effective.

Raw water tank:

The pumped water from bore wells and lake is stored in raw water tank.

Population = 2400

Total quantity of water required=2400*80*1.5 = 288000 ltr/day

=288.0 m3/day
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Assuming raw water storage tank has 4hrs. detention period

Capacity of tank =3288.0*4/24

=48m3

Providing water depth=2.5m

Area of tank required=48/2.5

=19.2 m2

Assume L:B= 1.5:1

L=5.37m B=3.58m

Providing free board of 0.5m.

Hence,

size of tank =5.37m*3.58m*3m

Aeration:
Under the process of aeration, water is brought in intimate contact with air so as to
absorb oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide gas. It may also help in killing
bacteria to a certain extent, from treated water. The aeration of water is done by
using spray nozzles.

In this method, water is sprinkled in air or atmosphere through special nozzle

which breaks the water into droplets, thus permitting the escape of dissolved gases.

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DESIGN OF SEDIMENTATION TANK
Sedimentation is used to remove readily settling sediments such as sand and
silt, coagulated impurities such as color and turbidity and precipitated
impurities such as hardness and iron.

Population =2400
Detention period = 4hrs
Avg demand = 80lpcd
Max. Demand = 1.5*Avg demand
Volume = pop*Max demand*detention period/(24*1000)
= 48m3
Assumed depth = 3m
Area of tank = vol/depth
= 48/3
= 16m2
L: B = 02:01
Area = L*B
L=2.83m
B=5.66m
Free board of 0.5m
Size of Sedimentation tank =2.83m*5.66m*3.5m

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11
Filtration tank:
To remove impurities that have remained after sedimentation. Water is filtered
through beds of fine sands.

Slow sand filtration is one of the most effective, simple and least expensive water
treatment processes and is therefore particularly suitable for rural areas.

Slow sand filters remove turbidity and also certain micro-organisms. Due to slow
rate of filtration and long retention time, these filters produce water comparable in
quality to ground water.

DESIGN OF SLOW SAND FILTER

Population of village = 2400

Avg demand = 80lpcd

Rate of filtration=200lt/hr/sqm

Max demand = 1.5*Avg demand

Total demand, Q = (2400*1.5*80)/20

Area = Demand/rate of filtration

= 60 m2
L: B = 02:01

L = 5.48m

B = 10.96m

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Chlorination:
Dose of chlorine = 0.5ppm for 30 mins

Average demand = 0.242 MLD

Chlorine/day = (0.5x0.242x10^6) / (10^6)

= 0.12 kg

Since chlorine content in bleaching powder is 30%

Bleaching powder req. = 0.12x100/30

= 0.4 kg

Annual consumption of bleaching powder = 0.4x35

= 146 kg

OVER HEAD TANK:

Water demand = 80*2400*1.5 =288000 liters/day

Capacity of over head tank = 1.5* 288000 = 432000 liters

= 432.00 m3

Height of tank = 6m

Area of tank = 72 m2

Diameter of tank =9.57m =10 m

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PUMP DESIGN
Population : 2400

Per capita demand : 80 lpcd

Peak demand = 1.8

Assumed permissible velocity = 1.2

Assume, f = 0.01

Assumed working of pump = 2 shifts of 3 hours

RL of lake = 73m

RL of water tank = 95 m

Assumed combined efficiency = 0.9

Length from lake to overhead water tank =2000m

Discharge, Q = 0.06m3/sec

Area = 0.005m2

Diameter = 0.0797m

hf = 74.69 m

h = 22 m

H = 96.69

BHP = 8.595 HP

Provide 1 pumps of 10 HP, 1 for standby.

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 DESIGN OF WATER SUPPLY LINES

Branch pipes is of 1.8cm dia and sub-branch of 1.5cm dia.

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MAPS

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17
Conclusion: This study included detailed survey of Yerikoppa village,
Dharwad.Having calculated the catchment yield, it can be concluded that a
sedimentation tank is required for the water supply scheme designed for future
decade of Yerikoppa village.

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References:
1. H.S. Vishwanath (2000) “Surveying - I, II, III”, Sapna
Publications.
2. Dr.B.C.Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain (2011) Laxmi
Publications (P) Ltd.
3. S.K.Garg,Kanna Publications.

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