Tro Chapter E - Study Guide

Date:
Group #: Names:
Measurements and Dimensional Analysis – Study Guide
Units of Measurement
A unit is ________________________________.
The two most common unit systems are the _____________system and the ____________system.
The unit system used by scientists, which is based on the metric system, is called the
__________________________________.
Complete the following table of SI Base Units:
Quantity Unit Symbol

Length
Mass
Time
Temperature
Amount of substance
Complete the following table of Prefix values:
Prefix Symbol Factor of 10
giga
M 106
kilo
c 10-2
milli
10-9
Using the table of prefix multipliers, complete the following:
1 km = _____ m 1 cg = _____ g 1 mL = _____ L
1 dm = _____ m 1 g = _____ g 1 GL = _____ L
1 nm = _____ m
Density
What is density? How would you calculate the density of a substance (what formula would you use)?
Some common units of density are _________, ___________ and ___________.
How can density be used as a conversion factor?
Significant Figures
An exact number is _______________________________________
An example of an exact number is _______________.
What are significant figures? Why are significant figures important in science?
Adapted from "Measurements and Dimensional Analysis Study Guide" by Montgomery College (licensed CC BY 4.0)
Rules for Significant Figures
1. The digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are always ______________________.
2. Leading zeros are ________________ significant.
3. Interior zeros are always _________________________.
4. Trailing zeros are ___________ significant unless _____________________________________.
How many significant figures are in each of the following measured quantities?
68 cm ________ sig. figs 186,000 kg ________ sig. figs
1005 in ________ sig. figs 2007780 mL ________ sig. figs
0.0596 ft ________ sig. figs 0.0045020 lb ________ sig. figs
When multiplying or dividing measured quantities, what determines the number of significant figures in the
result?
example: 1.075 x 10.074 x 0.48 = ______
When adding or subtracting measured quantities, what determines the number of significant figures in the
result?
Explain the difference between accuracy and precision.
Math with Measurements
Dimensional Analysis is ________________________________________________.
Chemistry uses dimensional analysis to _______________________________.
A conversion factor is ______________________________.
An example of a conversion factor is _________________.
For metric conversions involving a metric base unit (e.g. grams, meters, etc.) and that same unit with a prefix,
remember to always put the 1 next to the unit with the prefix (that will be the unit consisting of two letters,
e.g. cm, mg, etc.). The other number in the conversion factor will simply be the numerical equivalent of that
prefix.
There are other ways to correctly write such conversion factors, and if you wish to do so you may, but if you
find yourself getting confused about them, always put the 1 with the prefix.
What conversion factor(s) would you use to convert 75 meters to kilometers?
What conversion factor(s) would you use to convert 16 cm to yards?
The three common temperature scales are ______________, _________________ and ________________.
How does the size of a degree differ among them?
Absolute zero is_________________.
Practice Problems
1) The label in a soft drink bottle gives the volume in two units: 16.9 fl oz and 500 mL. Use this information to
derive a conversion factor between the English and metric units.
2) Is a 197-lb weightlifter light enough to compete in a class limited to those weighing 90 kg or less?
3) Many medical laboratory tests are run using 5.0 L blood serum samples. What is the volume in milliliters?
4) Make the conversions indicated in each of the following:

a) The length of a soccer field, 120. M to feet.
b) The height of Mt Kilimanjaro, at 19,565 ft, the highest mountain in Africa, to kilometers.
c) The area of an 8.511-inch sheet of paper in cm2.
d) The displacement volume of an automobile engine, 161 in3, to liters.
e) The estimated mass of the atmosphere, 5.61015 tons, to kilograms.
f) The mass of a bushel of rye, 32.0 lb, to kilograms.
g) The mass of a 5.00-grain aspirin tablet to milligrams (1 grain = 0.00229 oz).
5) As an instructor is preparing for an experiment, he requires 225 g phosphoric. The only container readily
available is a 150-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Is it large enough to contain the acid, whose density is 1.83 g/mL?
6) Calculate the following:

a) The mass of 6.00 cm3 of mercury, density = 13.5939 g/cm3.
b) The volume of 3.28 g gaseous hydrogen, density = 0.089 g/L

Tro Chapter E - Study Guide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tro Chapter E - Study Guide

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tro Chapter E - Study Guide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Date:

Measurements and Dimensional Analysis – Study Guide

Complete the following table of SI Base Units:

Quantity Unit Symbol

Complete the following table of Prefix values:

Prefix Symbol Factor of 10

1 km = _____ m 1 cg = _____ g 1 mL = _____ L

1 dm = _____ m 1 g = _____ g 1 GL = _____ L

Some common units of density are _________, ___________ and ___________.

How can density be used as a conversion factor?

An exact number is _______________________________________

An example of an exact number is _______________.

1. The digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are always ______________________.

2. Leading zeros are ________________ significant.

3. Interior zeros are always _________________________.

4. Trailing zeros are ___________ significant unless _____________________________________.

68 cm ________ sig. figs 186,000 kg ________ sig. figs

1005 in ________ sig. figs 2007780 mL ________ sig. figs

0.0596 ft ________ sig. figs 0.0045020 lb ________ sig. figs

example: 1.075 x 10.074 x 0.48 = ______

Explain the difference between accuracy and precision.

Dimensional Analysis is ________________________________________________.

Chemistry uses dimensional analysis to _______________________________.

A conversion factor is ______________________________.

An example of a conversion factor is _________________.

What conversion factor(s) would you use to convert 75 meters to kilometers?

What conversion factor(s) would you use to convert 16 cm to yards?

How does the size of a degree differ among them?

Absolute zero is_________________.

4) Make the conversions indicated in each of the following:

c) The area of an 8.511-inch sheet of paper in cm2.

d) The displacement volume of an automobile engine, 161 in3, to liters.

f) The mass of a bushel of rye, 32.0 lb, to kilograms.

g) The mass of a 5.00-grain aspirin tablet to milligrams (1 grain = 0.00229 oz).

6) Calculate the following:

b) The volume of 3.28 g gaseous hydrogen, density = 0.089 g/L

You might also like

1 km = ___ m 1 cg = _ g 1 mL = ___ L

1 dm = ___ m 1 g = _ g 1 GL = ___ L

Some common units of density are ___, _ and _______.

4. Trailing zeros are _ significant unless ___________________________.

68 cm sig. figs 186,000 kg sig. figs

1005 in sig. figs 2007780 mL sig. figs

0.0596 ft sig. figs 0.0045020 lb sig. figs