C O VE RL EY PA PE R S FR O M T H E S PE C T A TO R

4 62 fi
‘
 CO VERL E Y PA PE R S

F RO M

T HE SPE C T A T OR

e x 1 5
W ITH

A N I NT RO DU CT IO N A ND N O TES

K . DE I G HT O N

fi onh o n

M ACMILLAN A ND CO .
, L I M I TE D
NE W Y ORK : THE M A C M I LL AN C O M PAN Y

A ll r ig h ts r eser ved
 Fir s t E d itio n 1896 .

R ep rin t ed 18 9 7 .

( C

S
G L A G O W : P R I N T E D A T T H E U N IV E RS I T Y P R E SS

BY R O B E R T M A C L EHO S E A ND CO .

¢ 4 5 ¢
 C O N TE N TS .

P AG E

I NT R O DU C T I O N ,

C O VER L EY PA PE RS FRO M TH E S PE CT A T OR
I . Th e S pe c tat o r s Acco un t
’
of Him self ,

II Of . th e

III . S ir R o ger at Ho m e ,

IV . Th e C o ver l ey Ho u seh o l d,

V . C h arac t er of W ill W im b l e ,

VI . S ir R oger s A n c esto r s
’
,

VI I . O n G ho st s an d A pp ar i t i o n s ,

S ir Ro ger at Chur ch ,

His Acc o un t of h is Disapp o i n t m en t in

O n th e Sham e an d Fear of Po ver ty ,

XI . L ab o u r an d Exer cise ,

/ XI I . A Hu n t in g Scen e Wi th Sir R o ge r ,

X III . On W i t chcraft — S to ry of Mo ll W hi te ,

XI V . Sir R oger s R efl ec t io n s
’
on th e W ido w ,

XV . Rur al M an ners ,

XV I . I n st i n c t in A n im al s ,

“
X V II . In st in c t in An i m a l s —
C on tin u ed ,

XV III . S ir Ro ger at th e A ssizes ,

v
 C O NT E N T S .

E duc a t i o n of C o un try S quires ,

M is chiefs of P a r ty S p i r i t ,

M i s chi efs of Par ty S p ir i t

—
C o n tin ued ,

S ir R o ger an d t h e G ps i i es ,

Th e Co un try s Op in i o n
’
of Th e S p ect a to r ,

A Sc en e in a S tage C o a ch ,

Sir R o ger in T o wn ,

V isit to W est m in st er Abb ey ,

S ir R o ger at th e Th eatr e ,

W il l Ho n ey c o m b s A m o ur s’
,

V is i t t o S prin g Gar d en s,

D ea t h of Sir R o g er ,

N O T ES ,

I N D E X,
 I N TR O D U C TI O N .

’
A DDI S O N S life ex t en d s o v er a p er i o d o f forty sev en 1
(3e
-

y ear s o nl y from 167 2 t o 17 19

,
A t h is b i rt h C h arl es Lif
.
,
e .

t h e S ec o n d w as st i ll o n t h e t h r o n e ; wh en h e di ed ,

Geo rg e th e Fi rst h ad b een r ei gn i n g for fi ve y ear s Th e .

i n t er v al h ad wi tn essed sc en es as i m p o rt ant as alm ost an y

i n E n g l i sh hi st o r y an d th e ch a n g e o f t h o u g h t, o f so ci al v
,

m ann ers o f p ol it ic al an d r eli g i o u s pri n ci p l es w as m ark e d

, ,

an d p erm an ent .Wi t h t hi s ch ang e w as a ch ang e i n th e

t on e o f l i t er at u r e, to b ri ng which ab o u t n o o n e c o ntr i
b u t ed m o re larg ely t h an Addi so n , n o on e wi t h a sp i r i t
so e nt i r el y h eal t h y F r om th e p o i nt o f V i ew o f pr ac t ic al
.

ac t i o n , Addi so n s l ife w as u n ev ent ful T h ou g h a p o li

’
w
.

tic ian for m any y ear s a M em b er O f P arl i am ent U n d er

, ,

Sec r et ary fo r I relan d C hi ef Sec r et ary fo r I rel an d an d

, ,

fi n ally Sec r et ary of S t at e h e n ev er di st i ng ui sh ed hi m sel f

,

as a b ri lli an t ad m i n i str at o r whi l e as a sp eak er h e w as

,

a c o m p l et e fai l u r e Th e life h e l o v ed w as t h at o f a
.

s tudent no t s o m uch o f b o o k s as oL man kin d

,
an d t h i s

l ife em b elli sh ed by l i t era t u re an d p o etr y an d aec o m

, ,

pan ied by th e h o n o u r an d r esp ec t o f all wh o se h o n o u r

an d r esp ec t w er e w o r t h h avi n g h e enj o y ed alm o st
,

wi t h ou t i n t err u pt i o n F r o m th e p eac efu l so ci ety o f h is

.

Vll
V iii T HE SPECTAT O R .

w ell lo v ed L at i n p o et s du ri ng a soj o urn of ten y ear s

-

at O xfo rd h e p assed i n t o th e l arg er sp h er e o f th e b u sy

,

wo rl d A p o et ic al addr ess t o D ry d en o n th e su b j ec t
.

o f h is t r an sl at i o n s fr o m th e c l assic al p o et s b ro ug h t h im
’
t o t h e l au r eat e s n o tic e B y h im as i t is su pp o sed
.
, ,

th e y o u n g p o et w as m ad e k n o w n t o C o ng rev e w h o ,

in h is t u rn as st a t ed by St eel e i n t r o duc ed h im t o
, ,

M o nt ag u e t h en C h an c ello r o f th e E xch e q u er M o nt ag u e
, .
,

hi m self a m an o f l ett ers if n o t o f g reat l i t erar y sk i ll w as

, ,
’
s tr uc k wi t h Addi so n s v er ses L at i n an d E ngli sh 5 an d ,

feeli ng t h at th e g rac e o f so faci le an d p ol i sh ed a w ri ter

w o ul d be v alu ab le i n p oli t ical affai rs, d eterm i n ed t o
em p l o y h im in t h e di p l o m at ic s er vic e Wi t h th i s o bj ec t .

h e p r o cu red for Addi son a p en si o n o f £ 3 0 0 a y ear t o ,

en ab l e h im t o t rav el an d so ac q ui re t h at k n o wl ed g e

o f fo r ei g n l ang u ag es which w as i n di sp en sab le fo r a

di p lo m at ic c ar eer Fu rn i sh ed wi t h t hi s h elp an d
.
,

r et ai n i ng th e fello wshi p h e h ad w o n at O xfo r d Addi so n ,

set o u t fo r F r an c e in 1 6 9 9 an d fo r n early a y ear st udi ed

,

t h e F renc h l an g u ag e at B l o i s Havi ng m aster ed h is .

t ask h e r ep ai red in 17 0 0 t o P ar i s wh ere h e r em ai n ed

, , , ,

ti ll D ec em b er m ixi ng wi t h di st i n g ui sh ed m en o f lett ers

, ,

an d m eet i ng am o n g o t h er s t h e p hi l oso p h er M al e br an ch e
‘

, ,

an d t h e c r i t ic B o i l eau F ro m F r an c e h e p assed o n to
.

I t al y an d aft er w ar d s vi si t ed S wi t z erlan d Au str i a an d

, , ,

H ollan d r et u rn i n g t o En glan d in th e au t u m n o f 17 0 3
, .

S om e t i m e b efor e h is r et u rn h is p atro n M o n t ag u e n o w , , ,

L o r d H alifa x h ad lo st o ffic e o n t h e acc essi o n o f Qu een

,

An n e wi th th e c o n seq u en c e t o Addi so n t h at all h is

,

h op es o f a di p lo m at ic c ar eer c am e to an en d an d h is ,

p en si o n w as s t o pp ed Fo r m o re t h an a y ear h e rem ai n ed
“
.

”
w i th o u t em p l o y m en t B ut b o u n t iful F o rtu n e h is
.
,
 I N TR O DU C T I O N . ix

d ear lad y was n ev er lo ng fro m h is sid e In 17 0 4 th e

,
.
,

m o r e m o d er at e T o r i es fo u n d i t p r ud en t t o t r ea t th e
Whi g s wi th a c o n sid er at i o n t h at in t h ei r fi r st el ev at i o n
t o p o w er t h ey h ad n o t sh o w n ; an d L o r d T r easu r er
Go d ol p hi n at h is wi t s en d s t o fi n d a p oet w h o w o ul d
’
,

fittin gly c o mm em o r at e t h e g r eat vi c t o r y o f B len h ei m ,

w as g lad t o c o n ci li at e H alifax by acc ept i ng h is a dvic e

’
t h at Addi son s h elp sh o ul d be so u g h t Addi so n c o m
.

p li ed wi t h th e r eq u est mad e t o h im i n v ery fl atteri ng

term s an d i n a sh o rt ti m e pr o duc ed Th e Camp aign I ts
, .

succ ess w as g reat an d g en eral A s an i m m edi at e r ew ar d

.
,

a C o m m i ssi o n er shi p w o r t h ab o u t t w o hu n d r ed p o u n ds

a y ear w as b est o w ed u p o n th e p o et ; an d ear l y in 1 706 ,

o n th e r ec o m m en d at i o n o f G o d o l p hi n h is ser vic es w ere

,

furth er a c k n o wl ed g ed by h is b ei ng m ad e U n d er S ec r et ary
o f S t at e M ean whi le, b esid es g ivi n g c o n sid er ab l e h el p
.

to St eel e in h is d r am a o f th e Ten der Husband , Addi so n

h ad p u b li sh ed a n arr at iv e O f h is tr av els in I t al y an d ,

brough t o u t an O p er a ent i tled R osamond which seem s t o

'

h av e fai led o wi ng t o it s b ei n g p o o rl y set to m u sic .

In 17 0 8 Addi so n s c o nn ec t i o n wi t h p o l i t ic s b ec am e m o re
’

d efi n i t e He w as elec t ed t o th e H o u se o f C o mm o n s
.
,

fi rst fo r th e b o r o ugh o f L o st wi t hi el an d aft er w ar d s

for M alm esb u r y an d i n 17 0 9 b ec am e C hi ef S ec ret ar y
,

fo r I rel an d si tt i n g i n t h e I ri sh p arl i am ent as m em b er

,

fo r C av an I t w as whi l e in I r elan d t h at Addi s on

.
,

t h ro ug h th e p u b lic at i o n o f th e Ta tler w as br o u gh t ,

i nt o th at cl ose l i t erar y c o n n ec t i o n wi t h it s edi t o r ,

S t eel e t h at u l t i m at el y l ed t o th e b i r t h o f th e Specta tor

,

For a whi l e h is p ap er s i n th e Tatler w er e few an d far

b et w een o ffi ci al du ti es o ccu py i n g m o s t O f h is t i m e B u t
, .

durj n g th e wi n t er o f 17 0 9 an d t h e la tt er p ar t o f t h e
X THE SPECTAT OR .

foll o wi ng y ear b o t h p er i o d s b ei n g sp en t in L o n d on
, ,

h is c o n t ri b u t i o n s b ec am e freq u en t an d i n th e en d so ,

c o m p l et el y o v ersh ad o w ed t h ose by all o t h er s t h at S teel e ,

in h is p refac e to th e fi n al v ol um e sp eak s o f hi m s el f as
“
,

fari n g li k e a di str essed p ri n c e wh o c alls in a p o w erful

n ei g h b o u r t o h is aid I w as u n d on e by m y auxi li ary ;
.

wh en I h ad o n c e c alled h im in I c o ul d n o t su b si st wi t h
,

”
o ut h im T h e Tatler ceased to app ear at th e en d o f
.

17 11 an d tw o m o n th s l at er th e Sp ectator t o o k its p l ac e
, .

Th e d et ai ls of its hi st ory wi ll b e fo un d fur t h er on b u t

i t m ay h ere b e said t h at i t w as a c om pl et e succ ess an d ,

p ecu n i ari l y m o s t p ro fi t able T o Addi so n thi s l att er fac t

.

was o f i m p o rt an c e Fo r in 17 10 th e M i n i st ry h ad fallen
.
,

an d wi t h its fal l w en t Addi son s sec ret ary shi p as w ell as a

’
,

K eep er shi p o f R ec o r d s which b r o u g h t h im in b et w een

t h ree an d fo u r hu n d r ed a y ear He h ad h o w ev er en o u g h
.
, ,

t o liv e o n wi t h c o m fo rt an d p r o b ab l y n o p ar t o f h is life
,

w as h app i er t h an t h at i n which h e c r eat ed an d su st ai n ed

t h e Sp ectator I n 17 13 h e pr o duc ed h is w ell kn o w n
.
-

trag ed y Cato th e fi rst fo u r ac ts of which h e is said to

, ,

h av e h ad by h im si n c e h is r et u rn fro m I t aly Th ou g h a .

”
p assi o n l ess an d m e ch an ic al p lay as i t h as b een j u stly
,

s ty l ed ,
Ca to h ad a t t h e t i m e a m arv ell ou s succ ess
s ucc es s in a gr eat m easu r e du e t o th e p o p u l ar i ty o f its

au t h o r an d t o a d et erm i n at i o n o f b o t h th e g reat p ol i t ic al
,

p arti es to see in its sen t i m en t s an en d o rsem en t O f t h eir

o w n pr i n ci p l es Cato w as fo llo w ed by m or e essay s in
.

th e Guardian a p ap er edi t ed by S t eel e aft er th e Sp ecta tor

,

h ad c eased T h ese h o w ev er w er e few in n u m b er ; an d

.
, ,

wi t h a p r o se c om ed y c al led th e Drummer Addi so n s

’
,

p u r ely l i t erary c ar eer c am e t o an en d t h o u g h in 17 15 ,

an d 1 7 16 h e p u bl i s h ed fifty fi ve n u m b er s o f th e Fr ee
-
 INTRODUCT I ON . Xi

h older p oli t ic al p ap er w r i tt en in d efen c e o f o rt h o d o x

,
a

W hi g prin ci p l es O n th e acc essi o n o f George th e Fi rs t

.

in 17 14 Addi so n ag ai n b ec am e C hi ef S ec r et ary for Ire

,

lan d a p ost which i n th e foll o wi ng y ear h e r esi gn ed fo r

,

a seat at th e B o ar d o f T r ad e I n 17 16 h e m arri ed th e
.
-

C o u nt ess o f War wic k, an d a y ear l at er b ec am e S ec ret ar y

o f S t at e His br eak i ng h eal t h h o w ev er, o b li g ed h im to
.
,

ab an d o n o ffic e aft er a t en u r e O f el ev en m o nt h s o nl y , an d

i n h is r et i r em ent h e ag ai n b eg an t o use h is pen He .

w as an xi o u s to c o m p l et e a w o rk o n th e evid en c es o f th e
C h r i sti an rel i g i o n , alr ead y b egu n b u t fr om t hi s h e w as
div ert ed by a c o ntr o v er sy wi t h St eele o n th e su bj ec t O f
a P eer ag e B i ll i ntr o duc ed by S u n d erlan d an d so g r eat ,

was th e ac ri m o n y i m p o r t ed i n t o th e di scu ssi o n t h at h is

l ast d ay s w er e em b i tt er ed by t h e c o m p l et e ru ptu r e o f a
l ife lo n g fri en d shi p
-
Fo r h is en d was n ow n ear at h an d
. .

A st hm a fro m which h e h ad l o ng su ffer ed w as follo w ed

, ,
-

by d r o p sy an d o n th e 17 t h o f J ul y 17 19 , h e di ed at
, ,

H ollan d H o u se His b o d y aft er lyi ng in stat e in th e

.
,

J er u salem C h am b er, w as b u r i ed i n W estm in ister A bb ey ,

wh er e t h o u g h o n l y i n r ec en t y ears a st at u e by W est
, ,

mac o tt w as er ec t ed t o h is m em o ry i n th e so u t h tran sept ,

“
n ear t o th e P o et s C o rn er ’ ” “ ”
I t r epr esent s h im says
M ac au lay , “
.
,

as w e c an c o n c eiv e h im c l ad i n h is d r essi n g ,

g o w n an d fr eed from h is wi g , st ep p i ng fro m h is p arlo u r

,

at C h elsea i n t o h is tr i m li tt l e g ar d en wi t h th e acc o u n t ,

o f th e E v erl ast i n g C lu b or th e Lo v es o f Hilp a an d

,

S h al u m j u st fi n i sh ed fo r th e n ex t d ay s Sp ectator i n h is
'

, ,

h an d .Such a m ar k o f n at i o n al r esp ec t w as due t o th e

u n sulli ed s tat esm an t o th e acc om p li sh ed sch olar to th e
, ,

m ast er o f p u re En gl i sh elo q u en c e t o th e c on su mm at e ,

p ai nt er o f life an d m an n ers I t w as due ab o v e all to

.
, ,
xii T HE SPECTATOR .

th e gr ea t sat i ri st w h o alon e k n ew h o w to u se ridicul e

,

h o u t ab u si ng i t wh o wi t h o u t i n flic t i n g a w o u n d
, , ,

eff ec t ed a gr eat so ci al r efo rm an d w h o r ec o n ci l ed wi t

,
.

an d vi rt u e after a lo n g an d di sas tr o u s s ep arat i o n du ri ng

, ,

whi ch wi t h ad b een l ed astray by profiigacy an d vi rt u e ,

by fan at ici
B esid es o rk s alr ead y m en t i o n ed Addi so n w as t h e ,

au t h o r o f sev eral L at i n p o em s an d tr an sl at i o n s fro m

L at i n p o et s o f a Di sc o u rse o n A n ci en t an d M o d ern Learn

,

i ng a p o et ic al ep i stle to H alifax c o n t ri b u t i o n s t o th e
, ,

PVh ig E xaminer Di alo g u es o n M ed al s an d som e m i n o r

, ,

p i ec es .

P r evi o u s t o th e p u b lic at i o n O f Th e Tatler th e i mm edi at e ,

fo reru n n er o f Th e Sp ectator, j o u rn ali sm i n E ng l an d h ad

b een o f th e m o s t m eagre an d u n tru st w o r th y ch arac t er .

I n its earli est d ay s i t c o n fi n ed i t sel f chi efl y t o th e p ub

l ic ation o f n ews fro m abr o ad h o m e n ew s o f a p o li t ic al
,

n atu re b ei ng fo rb idd en B y t h e ab o li t i on o f th e S t ar
.

C h am b er in 16 41 a l oo se w as g iv en t o th e ex pr essi o n o f
,

p o l itic al o p i n i o n an d v ari o u s j o u rn als r epresen t at iv e o f

, ,

t h e r o y al i st an d t h e r ep u b lic an c au ses sp r ang i n t o ,

exi s t en c e b u t t hi s fr eed o m of s p eech was q uickl y

ch ec k ed by a L ic en si n g Ac t p assed in 1647 which , ,

vi rt u all y g av e th e G o v ern m en t c o m p let e c o n tr o l o v er

th e p r ess . S h o r t l y aft er t h e ex p i r y o f th i s Ac t in ,

167 9 a fresh st ar t w as m ad e an d am o n g t h e v ari ety

, ,

o f p ap ers p u t i n t o ci r cu l at i o n w er e t h e London Gazette

an d t h e Observator S o m ewh at l at er ab o u t 17 10 ap
.
, ,

ear ed th e E xamin er a T o r y p ap er o f which Swift

p ,

w as th e m ai n s t ay an d t h e Wh ig E xamin er, l arg el y

,

c o n tro ll ed by Addi son B esid es t h ese p o l i tic al o rg an s

“
.

w er e o th ers o f a m o r e g en eral c h arac t er M en o f

’

.
 I NT R O DUCT IO N . X iii

a c t iv e an d c u r i o u s m i n ds wi t h a l i tt le lei su re an d a
,

larg e l o v e o f di scu ssi on l o u ng er s at W i ll s o r at th e

’

Gr eci an C o ffee H o u ses, w er e an xi o u s to h av e t h ei r

—

d o u bt s o n all su bj ec t s r esolv ed by a pr i nt ed o r ac le .

T h ei r t as te s w er e g rat ifi ed by th e i ng enui ty o f Jo h n
Du n t o n wh ose str ang e acc o unt o f h is L if e and E rrors
,
.

th ro w s a s tr opg li g h t o n th e li t er ar y hi st o r y o f t hi s
.
‘

p eri o d I n 1690 Du nt o n p u b li sh ed h is A th en ian Gazette,

.

th e n am e o f which h e aft er w ar d s al t er ed to th e A th enian

M ercury T h e O b j ec t o f t hi s p ap er w as to an s w er
.

q u est i o n s p u t t o th e edi t o r by th e p u bl ic T h ese w ere .

o f all k i n d s o n r el i g i o n c asui stry , lo v e l i t er at u r e an d

, , ,

m ann ers n o q u es t i o n b ei n g to o su bt le o r a b sur d to

,

ex trac t a r ep l y fr o m th e c o n duc t o r o f th e p aper Th e .

A th enian M ercury seem s t o h av e b een r ead by as m any

.

dist i n g ui sh ed m en o f th e p er i o d as N otes and Queries i n

o ur o w n t i m e an d t h er e c an be n o d o u bt t h at th e q u ai nt
,

hu m o urs i t o ri g i n at ed gav e th e fi r st hi nt t o th e i n v ent o r s

” 1
o f Th e Ta tler an d Th e Sp ecta tor Th e Ta ller o r i gi n ally
.
,

p u bl i shi n g adv erti sem ents an d n ew s as w ell as p ap ers o f ,

c r i t ici sm an ecd o t e, o r i g i n al p o etry , etc , gradu all y de

, .

velo p ed i nt o a ser i es o f essay s o n b o o k s m o ral s an d , ,

m ann er s an d Th e Sp ectator b r o u g h t o ut t h r ee m o n t h s
,

aft er th e Ta tler s di sa pp ear an c e foll o w ed c l sel i l

’

o y ,
t s a t er
sh ap e .
“
T h e pl an o f Th e Sp ectator is u n d o u bt ed ly A ddi
s on s, an d th e p o rtr ai t o f it s g uidi n g sp i ri t d r aw n by h im
’

i n th e fi r st N um b er is in a measu r e a p o rt rai t o f th e
-

p ai nt er Th e cl u b t o which h e b elo n g s is d esc r i b ed by

.

S t eele in th e n ex t Num b er FF o u r o f th e c lu b, says

‘ ”

2 “
,

6 lVlEacaiday, th e t em pl ar th e c l ergy m an th e s o l di er
7 , , ,

1
C o u r th o p e , A ddis on , E ngl ish M en f
o L etter s S er ies, p p 8 7 , 8 . .

?
E ssa y o n A ddiso n
7
.
X iV THE SP E CTATOR .

an d th e m er ch ant , w ere u n i nt erest i ng fi g u r es fi t o nly ,

fo r a b ac k g ro u n d B ut th e o t h er t wo an o ld c o u n try
.
,

b ar o n et an d an o ld t o w n rak e t h o u g h n ot d eli n eat ed ,

wi t h a v ery d el ic at e p en ci l h ad som e g oo d strokgsj

.

Addi so n t o ok t h e r ud e o u tli n es i n t o h is o wn h an d s ,

r et o uch ed th em c ol o u red t h em an d is i n tr u th th e
, ,

c r eat or o f th e Sir R og er de C o v erley an d th e W i ll

H o n ey c o m b wi t h wh o m w e are all fam il i ar K
” 1
Th e
“
.

ch arac t er s t hu s g ro u p ed r epr esent c o n sid er ab le c lasses

o r s ec t i o n s o f th e c o mm u n i ty an d ar e as a r ul e m en of , , ,

s t r o ng l y m ark ed O p i n i o n s p r ej udic es an d fo i b l es which

, , ,

fu rn i sh i n exh au st i b le m att er o f c o mm en t to th e Sp ee
t at o r hi m self wh o d el iv er s th e j ud g m ents of r easo n an d
,

c o m m o n sen se -
Sir R o g er de C o v erley wi t h h is sim
.
,

p li c ity h,
i s hi g h sen se o f h o n o u r an d h is o ld w o rl d ,
-

r em i n i sc en c es r efl ec ts th e M
, y gentl em an o f th e
b es t k i n d ; Sir A n d rew F reep o rt ex p resses th e o p i n i o ns
“

o f t h e ent erp r i si n g h ar d h ead ed an d r at h er h ar d h eart ed

,
-
,
-

m o n i ed in t eres
g
ga ptain Sen t r y sp eak s for th e arm y ;
t h e T em p l ar for th e w o rl d o f t ast e an d learn i n g ; t h e
C l ergy m an for t h eol o gy an d p hi lo so p h y ;E wh ilé W i ll
H o n ey c om b th e el d erl y m an of fashi on , g iv es th e
,

Sp ec t at or m an y o pp o rt u n i t i es fo r c r i t ici z i ng th e tra
ditio n s of m o ral i ty an d b r eedi n g su r vivi n g fr o m th
p
1
C o urt h o p e, p . 17 4, es thes e wo r ds as a v er y m is
l eadin g a cco un t o f t h e si n c e i t seem s t o su gges t t h a t

S ir R o ge r w as S t e e l e s i m ag i n a
’

t io n wherea s i t
,
t o b e a typ e o f a
co un tr y gen t l e a s t o l en d

i t self eas ily t o h e d i t wi t h

var i o u s c o n c ep t i o n s a n d v ery un equa l d egrees o f sk ill t h o se
wr it er s b ein g Addiso n S t eel e B u dgel l an d T ic k ell
, , ,
.
 I NT R O D
W .
XV

d ay s o f th e R est o Th e s ucc ess o f Th e Sp ectator

w as i mm edi at e an er m an en t
“ T h e n um b er of c o p i es
.

d ai ly di str i b u t ed w as at fi rst t h r ee t h o u san d I t sub se .

q u en tly i n c reased, an d h ad ri sen to n ear fo u r t h o u san d

wh en th e st am p t ax w as i m p o sed T h at t ax w as fat al .

t o a c r o wd o f j o u rn als Th e S p ec t at o r h o w ev er s t o o d
.
, ,

its gr o u n d d o u b led its p r ic e a n d t h o u g h it s ci r cu la t i o n

, , ,

fell o ff st i ll y i el d ed a l arg e r ev en u e t o th e st at e an d t o
,

t h e au th o r s Fo r p art icular p ap ers th e d em an d w as

.

i m m en se ; o f som e i t is said , t w enty t h o u san d c o p i es

,

w ere r e q ui r ed B ut t hi s was n o t all

. T o h av e t h e .

S p ec t at or ser v ed u p ev er y m o rn i n g wi t h th e b o h ea an d
r o lls w as a l uxu ry fo r t h e fe w T h e m aj o r i ty w er e .

c o nt ent to w ai t t i ll essay s en o u g h h ad a pp eared to fo rm

a v o lu m e T en t h o u san d C o p i es o f each v ol um e w ere
.

i mm edi at ely t ak en o ff an d n ew edi t i on s w er e c alled

,

for . I t m u st b e r em em b er ed t h at t h e p o p ul at i o n o f ,

En gl an d w as t h en h ar d l y a t hi r d o f wh at i t n o w is .

T h e n u m b er o f E n g li sh men w h o w ere i n th e h ab i t o f
readi ng w as pro b ab ly n o t a six t h o f wh at i t n o w I S A
, .

s h o p k eep er or a far m er w h o fo u n d any p leasu r e in

li t erat u r e w as a r ar i ty
,
N ay, t h er e w as d ou btl ess m o re
.

th an o n e k n i g h t o f th e shi r e wh o se c o u n t r y seat did n o t

c o n t ai n ten b o o k s r ec ei pt b o o k s an d b o o k s o n farri ery
,

i n clud ed I n t h ese ci r cum st an c es th e sal e o f th e S p ec

.
,

t ato r m u st be c o n sid ere d as i n dic a ti n g a p o p u l ar i ty qui t e

as gr eat as t h at o f th e m o s t succ essfu l w o r k s o f S ir

W al t er S c o tt an d Mr Dic k en s in o ur o wn t i m e .
” 2

’
Addi so n s sh ar e in th e w o rk w as n ear ly o n e h alf o f th e
wh ole h is p ap ers b ei n g 2 7 4 as ag ai n st 23 6 c o nt ri b u t ed
,

1
C o u r t h o p e A ddiso n , pp 10 6, 7
, . .

2
Ma c a ul a y , E ssa y o n A ddis on .
X vi THE SP E CTAT OR .

by St eele th e r em ai n d er b ei n g m ad e u p by v ari o u s
,

w r i t er s such as Hu g h es B udgell Tick ell P hi lli p s etc

, , , , ,
.

B u t th e m er e n u m b er o f p ap ers due t o Addi so n is a

wh oll y i n ad eq u at e m easu re O f t h ei r i mp o rt an c e Th ey .

are n o t o n l y i n c o m p arab l y s u p eri o r t o all th e r est b u t ,

t h e v er y l ife an d so u l o f t h e un d er t ak i ng T h ey g iv e t o .

Tt ectator t h e t o n e which r u n s t h ro ug h i t fro m fi rs t

t o l as t . T h ey p res c ri b e th e area o v er which di scu ssi o n

s h all r ang e R i g o ro u sly exc ept i n g e v eryt hi n g o f a p arty
.

n at u r e Addi so n add r esses hi m self t o hu m an i ty as a

,

wh o le N o t hi n g is t o o t rivi al for h im if so be t h at th e
.
,

m en an d w o m en o f h is t i m e m ay fi n d a h ealt h y i nt erest
in i t ; if u n d er th e m ask o f hu m o u r b ant er an d i ro n y , ,

h e m ay ex p ose th e l i ttlen ess o f am b i ti on s th e foll i es o f ,

fashi o n th e em pty b el i efs o f a v ac ant m i n d ; if th e

,

fo i b les an d ecc en trici t i es wh eth er o f t o w n o r c o u ntry l ife

c an b e pr essed i n t o th e servic e o f a w arm h eart ed -
,

u n c en sori o u s p hi l o so p h y A lleg o ry an d a p olo gu e fabl e

.
,

an d an ecd o t e ar e as m uch th e w eap o n s O f h is w arfar e

,

ag ai n s t evi l as t h e m o re st udi ed e x er ci ses o f ser i o u s

.

arg u m en t an d l o ft y m o r al i ty, an d t h ei r efli cac y wi t h o u t

d o u bt m uch gr eat er I t was h is en d eav o u r h e t ells us

.
, ,

t o en l iv en m oral i ty wi th wi t an d t o t em p er wi t wi t h ,
”
m o rali ty h is am b i t i o n t o h av e i t said o f h im t h at h e
“
,

h ad b r o u g h t P hi lo s o p h y o ut o f c lo set s an d li br ari es ,

s ch o o l s an d c o l l egeg tdd w
i
“i ‘ i

é ll in cl ub s
'

at

“
tea t abl es an d c o ffee liou ses, i h is b el i ef th at it w as b ett er
fl
' '

”
f —

t o am u se Ou r sel v es wi t h su ch w r i t i n g s as ten d to th e
w ear i n g o ut o f i g n o ran c e p assi o n an d p rej udic e t h an
, ,

such as n at u rall y c o n duc e t o i n fl am e h a tr ed s an d m ak e ,

”
en m i t i es i rr ec o n ci l ab l e Th e c at h ol ici ty o f h is sp i ri t as
.

r eg ar d s t h e p ubl ica h o m h e add r essed h as fr eq u entl y

y y
xviii T HE SPE CTAT O R .

t h ey are li g h t ed up th e g en i ali ty an d p ic t u r esq u e

,

s ett i ng t h at Addi son s t o u

’
ch alo n e c o u ld b est o w A ll .

th ese ch arac teri st ic s in m o re o r l ess p ro di g ali ty ar e t o b e

seen t h ro u g h o u t h is p ap er s B ut o f th e vari o u s g ift s
.

t h at fi tt ed h im fo r h is sel f i m p o s ed t ask th e m o st p erfec t

-

was h is sen se O f hu m o u r h u mo u r t h at whi le free fro m al l

,

b i tt er n ess w as y et ex q ui si tel y p en etrat iv e a hum o u r ,

—
,

l i k e J aqu es s m el an ch o l y c o m p o u n ded o f m an y
’
,
”
si m p l es e x t rac t ed fr o m m any o bj e c t s
,
Ami ab l e an d .

u rb an e l au g hi n g at h is fello w m en b u t lau ghi n g wi t h n o

,
-

s c o rn,
—
r ath er as o n e wh o u n d erstan d s an d sy m p athi z es ,

wi t h g entle p ressu re h e p ut s h is fi n g er o n t h ei r fo i bl es ,

an d c aj o l es as m uch as arg u es t h em o ut o f t h ei r p r o p en

si t i es
. P o p ul ar su p er st i ti o n s p erso n al whi m s c ap ric es , , ,

idi o sy n c rasi es so ci al m an n ers p u rsui t s fashi o n s in t h ei r

, , , ,

t u rn fi n d t h em sel v es wi t hi n h is h old , to be ex am i n ed ,

d an d led c ar essed r eb uk ed sen t en c ed

, ,
I ro ny all de
,
.
,
-

licio us in its gr avi ty fo rms a l arg e p er h ap s th e l arg es t

, , ,

c o n st i tu ent o f h is hu mo ur ; p at h os o f th e tru est ri n g is

s el d o m far o ff A rg u m en t is p o i n t ed by an al o gy an d a
.

sp r i g h t l y ch eer ful n ess q uic k en s wh at is seri o u s Per .

v adi ng ev ery t hi n g w e h av e an i m ag i n at iv e facul ty such

'

as b el o n g s t o th e p o et m i n d alo n e an ap p r eci at io n o f ,

th e l u dic r o u s t h at m u s t h av e d em an d ed c o n st an t sel f
r est rai n t a d el ic ac y o f feel i n g th at m ad e c o ars en ess as
,

i m p o ssi ble t o h is use as i t w as p ai n ful t o h is o wn

sen si t iv e o r g an i z at i o n an ab so l u t e p u ri ty O f o b j ec t
, a ,

far seei n g ph i l an th ro py a ser en e di gn i ty o f so u l an d

-

c o n duc t A s r eg ar d s Addi so n s styl e o f n o o n e c o u l d i t

’
.
,

be m o re t r u ly said t h at th e sty l e is th e m an H e h as .

a m an n er but n o m an n er i sm
, T h at m ann er m any h av e .

s tr iv e n to m ak e t h ei r o w n b u t h av e striv en i n v ai n
, .
 I NT R ODUCT IO N .
X iX

For b ehi n d it t n d th e l o vi n g n atu re to which ev ery

s a

th i n g hu m an is th e o bj ec t o f aff ec t i o n ate c o n c ern th e ,

p l acid t em p er t h at n o p assi o n c o ul d rufil e a l ife u n sulli ed ,

by exc ess a dee , et sim l e iet p o w er s o f O b serv at i o n

ev er o n t h e w at ch th e di s ci p li n e o f t rav el an i n h er i t ed
, ,
’
l o v e o f lett ers t o which t h e st ud y o f h is c o u ntr y s m ast er
‘

p i ec es an d t h e m o d els o f c lassic al r efin em en t h ad g iv en

p reci si o n , freed o m g rac e o f m o v em en t , aptn ess o f i llu s
,

t ratio n so b r i ety o f t o n e u n err i n g sen se o f p r o p or t i o n

, ,
.

J o h n so n m ay j u stl y say t h at W h oev er wi sh es t o att ai n

an En gl i s h s ty l e fam i li ar b ut n o t c o ar se an d el eg ant b u t
, ,

n o t o st ent at i o u s m u s t g iv e h is d ays an d n i g h t s t o th e
,

He m u st do so h o w ev er wi t h a
”
v o lum es o f Addi so n .
, ,

c o nt ent ed fo rek n o w l ed g e t h at as easil y m ay h e i m p ri so n

“ ”
th e vi ew l ess wi n d s a s c at ch th e ai ry gr ac e wi t h which
M r S p ec t at o r b ears hi m sel f alo n g
. .

STEE E L .

Th e fo llo wi n g u t li n e o f St eele s c areer ab rid g ed fr om

’
o ,

P r o fesso r M i nt o s art ic le in t h e E n cyclop edia B ritannica

’
,

wi ll p ro b ab ly su ffic e fo r th e st ud en t B o r n i n Du b li n .

in 167 2 R ich ar d S t eel e en t er ed th e C h ar t er h o u se i n

,

168 4 an d t h er e fi rst m et Addi so n h is j u n i o r in ag e

, ,

by a few w eek s o n ly Fiv e y ears lat er h e p ro c eed ed

.

to M ert o n C o ll eg e O xfo rd Addi so n b ei n g at th e t i m e

, ,

an u n d erg radu at e o f M ag d al en B ut t h e w an t o f .

s t eadi n ess which follo w e d h im t h r o u g h l ife m an ifest e d

’

i t sel f ev e n i n t h ese earl y d ay s an d h e left th e u n iv er s i ty

,

wi t h o u t t ak i n g h is d eg r ee His n ex t st ep w as t o e nt er
.

th e ar m y as a v o l u n t eer ser vi n g fo r a t i m e u n d er th e
,
XX T HE SPECTATOR .

D uk e o f O r mo n d e A p o em o n th e fu n eral o f M ary
.

d edic at ed t o L o r d C u tt s c ol o n el o f th e C ol d
,

s tr eam Gu ar d s, b r o ug h t h im u n d er th e n o t ic e o f t h at

o ffic er , w h o g av e h im a c o m m i ssi o n in h is o w n r eg i m ent ,

an d lat er p r o cu r ed fo r h im a c o m p any in L o r d L uc as s
’

fu si li er s A p r o se t reat i se Th e Ch ristian Hero 17 0 1

.
, , ,

ro c ur ed h im t h e fav o u r o f Wi lli am t h o u g h th e k i n g
g ,

di ed b efo r e an yt hi ng h ad b een d o n e for its au t h o r His .

n ex t li t erary effo r t, a c o m ed y en ti tl ed Th e Fun eral 17 0 1 , ,

was w ell r ec eiv ed o n th e st ag e, an d w as sh o r tly fo llo w ed

by t wo o th er c o m edi es Th e Lying Lover 17 0 3 , an d
, ,

Th e Tender Husband 17 0 5 ; t h e fo r m er, acc o r di ng t o

“
,
”
S t eele hi m sel f b ei n g d amn ed fo r its p i ety th e l att er
, ,

m eet i n g wi t h m o r e succ ess B u t th e b est o f h is

.

c o m edi es Th e Conscious Lovers did n o t app ear t i ll 17 22

, ,
.

I n 17 0 7 St eel e w as a pp o i n t ed to th e o ffi c e o f G az eteer ,

an d h is w o r k as e di t o r o f th e Gazette l ed t o th e Ta tler ,

an d t hi s in its t u r n t o t h e S ecta tor Th e Sp ectator

p .

w as fo llo w ed by th e Guardian t o which also Addi son ,

c o ntri b u t ed O t h er p er i o dic als set o n fo o t by S t eel e

.

w ere th e E nglish man 17 14 an assai lan t o f th e p ol ic y

, ,

o f t h e T o ry m i n i st r y ; t h e Louer m o r e g en eral in it s
,

ai m s ; t h e R eader, an o pp o si t i o n j o u r n al t o th e T o r y

E xa min er ; Town Ta lk, th e Tea Ta ble, Ch it Ch at, an d th e

- -

m os t fam o u s o f h is p o li t ic al p ap ers, th e Plebeian, in

which h e c arri ed o n a vi g o ro u s c o n tr o v ersy wi t h Addi son
o v e r S un der l an d s P eer ag e B i ll His l ast v en t u r e i n
’
.

j o ur n ali sm was th e Th eatre 17 19 17 20 b u t b esid es t h es e

,
-

p ap er s h e Was th e au t h o r o f n u m ero u s p am p h l ets o n a

,

v ari ety o f su bj ec t s A z eal o u s W h i g h is fo rt u n es v ari e d

.
,

wi t h t h o se o f h is p arty an d h is en t hu si asm o ft en
,

b ro u ght h im i nt o t ro u b l e T h u s o n t h e q u esti o n of
.
,
 I NTRODUCT I ON .

th e fo rtifi c atiOn s Du n k i rk in 17 13 h e th r ew u p a
of ,

p en si o n an d a c o mm i ssi o n ershi p o f st am p s i n o r d er t o
g o i nt o p arl i am en t an d att ac k t h e m i n i stry T h e l an .

guage go f h is p am p h let o n th e Cr isis w as st i g m ati z ed as

‘

s e ditiO iis an d h e was in c o n seq u en c e ex p elle d th e H o u se .

His ex p ul si o n b ro u g h t for t h A n Ap ology f or h imself and

h is Writings which c on t ain s m any b i o gr ap hic al d et ai l s
of i m p o rt an c e O n th e acc essi o n o f th e h o u se o f
.

H an o v er S t eele r ec eiv ed v ar i o u s l uc r at iv e app o i nt m ent s

, ,

yet t h ese n o t wi thst an di n g h e c o ul d n ev er free hi m self

fro m h is fi n an ci al di ffi cul t i es but w as c o m p ell ed i n
,

17 24 t o r et i r e fro m L o n d o n an d l iv e i n th e c o u ntry .

His last y ear s w ere sp ent o n h is wife s est at e o f Llan ’

g u nn o r i n W al es wh e r e a,
ft er a p ar
, al yt ic sei z u r e which

b ro k e d o wn h is h ealth h e di ed 1st S ept em b er 17 29

, , .

A s a m an S t eele w as i m p ul siv e freq u en t in ex trem es

, , ,

c ar eless o f th e p ro p ri et i es b u t g en ero u s aff ec t i o n at e

, , ,

full o f w or t h y en t hu si asm s m o d es t i n h is est i m at e o f

,

hi m sel f e v er r ead y t o a c k n o wledg e su p er i o r m eri t an d

‘

, ,

ch ari t ab le t o w ar d s th e faul t s an d fo lli es at which h e

l au g h ed A s a w r i t er h e is r em ark ab le fo r h is ver
.
,

satilit
y i n c o n c eivi n g hu m o ro u s typ es o f ch ara c t er ,

fo r th e wid e r an g e o f h is sy m p at hi es fo r h is vi g o r o u s , ,

i f so m et i m es c o mm o n p lac e s ty l e an d fo r th e r ea di n ess
, ,

wi t h which h e ad apt s hi m self to h is su b j ec t wh et h er

g rav e o r gay in c h ar ac t er W i t h Addi so n h e c o u l d
.

n o t c o m p et e i n d el ic a c y o f hu m o u r in sch olarly p re
,

c isio n,
o r re fi n em en t o f t h o u g h t ; b u t h e u n d o u bt ed l y
p o ssessed g reat er o ri g i n al i ty o f i nv ent i o n an d p erh ap s ,

a m o r e m as cu l i n e t u r n o f m i n d .
x x ii THE S PE CTAT OR .

B U DGELL .

Th e t hi r d o f th e c o nt ri b ut o r s to th e C o v erl ey p ap ers
w as E u st ac e B udgell b or n in 168 5 , L i k e Addi s o n .

an d S t eel e h e o w ed p ar t o f h is educ ati o n t o O xfo r d ,

,

an d l i k e th e fo r m er b ec am e a g o o d c l assic al s ch o l ar ,

b esid es b ei ng w ell r ead i n t h e b est E ngl i sh , F ren ch ,

an d I t al i a n au t h o r s Fr o m O xfo r d h e p r o c eed ed to
.

t h e I n n er T em p l e b u t fo r sak i n g l aw g av e hi m sel f u p
,

to l i t er at u r e He was b efrien d ed by Addi so n a c o n

.
,

n ec tio n o n th e m o t h e r s sid e an d wh en t h e l att er w a s

’
,

app o i nt ed s ec r et ar y t o L o r d Wh art o n L o r d L i eu t en an t ,

o f I r elan d , i n 1 7 10 h e t o o k B udgell wi t h h im as o n e o f
,

th e c l erk s o f h is o ffi c e L at er o n t h r o u g h Addi so n s
’

i n t er est h e O bt ai n ed sev er al o t h er app o i n tm

.
,

, en t s of

m uch l arg er em ol u m en t b u t o wi n g t o a lam p o o n i n

which h e was u n wi se en o u g h to sat i ri z e th e Du k e O f
B ol t o n t h e n L o r d L i eu t en ant o f I rel an d u n d er wh o m
,
-
,

h e w as ser vi n g b e fo rfei t ed h is a pp o i nt m en t o f c om p
,

t roller g en eral o f th e r ev en u e in I relan d an d was

-
,

o b li g e d t o r et u rn t o E ngl an d Fu r t h er m i sfor t u n es
.

s o o n b efel h im I n 17 20 h e l o st
. in t h e So u t h
S ea sch em e an d w ast ed a fu rt h er sum o f
,
in an
u n succ essful att em p t to get i n t o p arl i am en t I n 17 3 3 .
,

o n t h e d eat h o f Dr T i n d al, a l eg ac y o f t w o t h o u san d

.

g ui n eas was wi ll ed t o h im ; b u t t h e b eq u est (which i t

w as alleg e d h a d b een i n ser t ed i n th e wi ll by B udg ell
h i mself ) w as succ essfu ll y di s p u t ed by th e n ex t O f k in ,
an d th e u n fo r t u n at e m an n o w in g reat s t rai t s b et o o k
, ,

hi m self t o th e st ud y O f l aw as th e o n l y sou r c e O f l iv e
lih o o d l eft t o h im Aft er b ei n g c alled t o th e bar an d
.

att en di n g th e c o u r t s for so m e t i m e, h e fo u n d h is
 I NTROD U CT I ON .
xxiii

affa i r s d esp erat e an d i n 17 3 6 h e p u t an en d t o h is

,

l ife by d ro w n i n g hi m s el f H e w as a c o n t ri b u t o r t o th e
.

Ta tler an d th e Guardian as w ell as t o th e Sp ecta tor an d ,

in 17 3 3 h e set o n fo o t a w eekl y p eri o dic al, c alle d th e

B ee which r an for ab o v e a hu n d r ed n u m b er s
,
His .

w ri t i ng s if n o t p o ssessed o f an y str i k i ng q u al i t i es, are

,

t h o se o f an educ at ed an d w ell r ead m an whi le th e two-

,

p ap er s i n clud ed i n th e pr esent sel ec t i on b et ray a t u r n

fo r hu m o u r wi t h p erh ap s an att em p t at i m i t ati ng
,

Addi son s l i t erar y s ty l e an d h ab i t o f t h ou g h t

’
.

THE COVER EY P PER SL A .

T o St eele, as h as
b een O ft en p o i n t ed out is due th e ,
’
su g es t i o n
g o f S in Ro ger s ch ar ac t er ; an d h is p ap er
“ O f th e C l u b sh ad o w s for t h alm o st al l t h o se tr ai ts

which Add is o n aft er war d s ex p an d e d and d ev el o p ed wi t h

suc h h appy sk i ll A typ e O f th e c oun tr y g entle m an o f
.

th o se d ay s S ir R og er h as th e p rid e o f b i r t h an d l o n g
,

d esc en t which b el o n g ed to h is o r d er th e fo i b les an d ,

o ddi t i es t h at c om e o f a l ife n ar r o w ed by c o n v erse c h i efl y

wi t h m en o f h is o w n cl ass o r t h o se i n d ep en d en c e o n
h im th e fur th er fo i b l es an d o ddi t i es c au sed by a dis
,

a p oi in l o v e which d r o v e h im b a ck u p o n hi m sel f
p
so u r i n g h is n at ur e th e vi g o r o u s g en i al i ty
,

w h ich 1 th e O p en air an d th e h eal t h y exci t em en t

o f fi el d s p o r t s en c o u r ag e t h e s i m p l ici ty O f a h ear t t h a t
,

h as h ar d ly k n o wn wh at i t is t o be d ec eiv ed a p r o p er ,

s en se o f h is p osi t i o n as a c o u n ty rfb n ate an d o f th e

g
d ut i e s th at p o si t i o n i n v o l v es th e du ty O f s ett i ng an
,

ex am p l e o f d ec o r u m i n
M ob, th e du ty o f s tr ic tl y
'

e m e o f l o o k i n g ask an c e at i s es, o f asser t

,
gp i /
 THE SP E CTATOR .

in g h is di g n i ty at i n s, wh er e, as S t eel e
qu ar t er sess o
“
-

hu m o r o u sl y t ells us h e o n a c ert ai n o cc asi o n g ai n ed

,

u n iv er sal app l au se by ex p l ai n i ng a p assag e i n th e Gam e

”
Ac t th e d u ty o f u ngr ud g i n g h osp i t al i ty th e du ty o f
, ,

av o idi n g a W hi g in n e v en at th e c o s t o f t hi n b eer
,

an d ill k ept m u tt o n
-
Wi t h th ese an d su ch li ke t h em es
.
-

for h is di sc o u r se Addi so n lo ves to di sp o rt hi m sel f, d r aw

,

i ng fro m each t o p ic so m e q u ai n t l esso n o f m o r ali ty, so m e

m at er i al for p lay fu l sat i re s o m e O cc asi o n for d ep i ct i n g
,

th e o cc up at i o n s p u r sui t s, an d so ci al d o i ng s o f a c l ass
,

o f m en e v en t h en fast p a ssi n g a w ay I f a W h i g h im .
,

sel f h e fi n d s fo o d f o r m i r t h in t h e ecc ent r ici t i es o f t h e

,

si m p l e m i n d e d T o r y s q ui r e, i t is wi t h a t en d er h an d
-

t h at h e h ol d s h im u p for o ur am u sem en t an d wi t h ,

gen ui n e d el i g h t t h at h e set s in r el i ef t h e am i a ble

u al i t i es which m i n g l e wi t h each w eakn ess an d m or e
q
t h an excu se th e o ld w o rl d pr ej udic es o f a ch ar ac t er as
-

much th e o u t c om e o f its surro un di n g s as du e to th e

m o uldi n g o f n at u r e . W i t h all h is sly ridicul e o f whi m s
1an d c apr ic es
, o f i g n o r an c es an d i ll i b erali t i es h e t ak es ,

“
c ar e t h at n o t hi n g li k e c o nt em pt sh o ul d b e su gg es t ed ,

t h a t n o t hi n g b u t l o v e an d r esp ec t sh o ul d be fel t fo r
o n e wh o is all l o v e fo r h is fell o w cr eat u r es an d w h o
‘
-
,

n ev er fo rg et s h is o wn sel f r esp ec t Addi so n is in fa c t

-
.

a g en tl em an in t h e best sen se o f th e w o r d d eali ng

'

, ,

wi t h a g en tlem an ; an d th e m ar k O f h is p er sifl age is

n o t a b u tt fo r h is s c o rn T h i s d elic ac y o f feel i n g n o
.

d o u bt i n flu en c ed h is c o adj u t o r s an d if h is r ich n ess o f

,

fan c y an d th e ex qu i si t e t o uch o f h is r ai ll er y h av e g iv en
to th e o r i g i n al o u tl i n e a fi n i sh t h a t w as b ey o n d th ei r
p ow ers t h ey h av e at l east n o t u n w o r th i l y fo llo w ed th e
,

mast er h an d in t h ei r sh ar e o f th e C o v erley p ic t u r e .
 2 THE S PECTATO R .

ti m e th a t it is at p r esen t an d h as b een d el iv er ed d o wn f r om
,

fa th er t o son wh o l e an d en ti r e wi t h o ut th e l o ss o r acqui si
,

ti on o f a s i n g l e fi eld o r m ead ow du r i n g t h e sp ac e o f six ,

hun dr ed y ears Th ere r u n s a sto r y in th e fam ily th a t

.
, ,
~

som e ti m e b ef o r e m y bi r th m y m o th er d r eam t tha t h er

,
-

chil d w as t o b e a j udg e W h eth er thi s m i g ht p r o c eed

‘

fr o m a l aw suit which w as th en d ep en di n g in th e fam i ly

-

o r m y f a th er s b ei n g a j u s tic e o f t h e p ea c e I c an n o t d et er
’
,

m i n e ; f o r I a m n o t so v a i n as t o th in k it p r es ag ed an y ,

10 di gn ity th a t I sh o u l d ar r iv e a t in m y futu r e lif e th o u gh ,

th at w as th e i n t er pr eta t i o n which th e n ei ghb o u r h o o d put

up o n it Th e gr avity o f m y b eh avi o u r a t m y v ery fi r st
.

a pp ear an c e in t h e w o r l d a n d a ft er w ar d s seem ed t o fa vo u r
, ,

m y m o t h er s d r eam : f o r as sh e h as O ft en t o l d m e I th rew
’
, \ ,

a w a y m y r a ttl e b ef o r e I w as t w o m o n th s o l d a n d w o u l d n o t ,

m ak e u se o f my co r al til l t h ey h ad t ak en aw ay t h e bel l s
fr o m it .

A s f o r th e r es t o f m y i n fan c y t h er e b e i n g n o thi n g in it
,

r em ar k a b l e I sh all p ass it o v er i n si l en c e . I fi n d th a t du r i n
, g ,

20 m v n o n a ge I h a d th e r eput ati on o f a v er y sul l en y o u th but

, ,

w a s al w ays a fa vo u r it e o f m y s ch o o l m ast er w h o u se d t o ,

say th a t m
, yp a r ts were so lid a n d wo u ld wear well,
I h ad n o t .

b een l on g at t h e u n iv ers ity, b ef o r e I di sti n gui sh ed m y self by

a m o s t p r o f o u n d s il en c e
, f or du r in g th e s pa c e of ei ght
,

y ear s e xc ept in g in t h e p ublic e x er ci ses o f th e c o ll ege I

, ,

s ca r c e utt er e d t h e qu an t i ty o f an hu n d r ed w or ds ; an d
i n d eed do n o t r em em b er th at I ev er s p o k e th r ee sen ten c es
to geth er in m y wh ol e l ife W hil s t I w as in thi s l earn ed
.

b o dy I a p pl i ed m y s elf with so m uch dili g en c e to m y s tudi es

,
.
,

3 0 t ha t t h er e ar e v ery f ew c el eb rat ed b o o k s eith er in th e ,

l ear n e d o r t h e m o d ern t o n g u es which I am n o t a c q u a in t ed

,

with .

U p o n t h e d ea t h o f m y fath er I w as r eso lved t o travel i n t o

fo r ei gn c o un tr i es an d t h er ef or e l eft th e u n iver sity . w ith
, ,

th e ch ara ct er o f an o dd u n a cc o u n tab l e f el l o w th a t h a d a ,

grea t dea l o f l ear n in g if I w oul d but sh ow it A n in sati

,
.
 THE SPECTATOR S ACCOUNT OF HIMSELF
’
.

a bl e thi r st after kn o wl edge carr i ed m e i n to all th e c o un tr i es

o f Eu ro p e in which th er e w a s an y thin g n ew o r s tr an g e t o
,

b e seen n ay t o such a d egr ee w as my cu r i o s ity r ai s ed th at

, _
,

havin g r ead th e co n t ro versi es o f som e g r eat m en con c er n i n g

th e a n tiquiti es of E gyp t I m ad e a v oya ge t o Gran d Cai r o
, ,

o n pu r p o s e t o ta k e th e m easu r e o f a py ra m id ; an d as s oo n ,

as I h ad s et m y sel f r i ght in tha t p ar ticu lar r etu rn ed t o m y ,

n ativ e c o u n t r
y with g r ea t sa ti sfacti on .

I h av e passed m y l atter y ear s in thi s city wh er e I am ,

fr equ en t ly seen in m o st publ ic pl a ces th ou gh th ere are n o t 10

,

ab o v e h al f a d o z en o f m y sel ect f r i en d s th a t k n o w m e ; o f

wh o m m y n ext pap er sh all giv e a m

"

o r e p ar ticu l ar acc o u n t .

Th er e is n o plac e o f g en eral r esor t wh er ein I do n o t Often

m ak e m y ap pearan c e ; s o m etim es I a m seen th r u sti n g m y
h ead in to a r o u n d o f pol itician s at W i l l s a n d l i sten in g wi t h
’
,

gr ea t atten ti o n t o th e n arrativ es th at ar e m ad e in th os e
littl e ci rcu lar audi en ces So m etim es I sm o k e a pip e a t
.

C hild s an d whil e I s eem a tt en tiv e t o n o th i n g but t h e Po st

’
,

Ma n o v er h ear t h e con v ersati o n o f ev ery t abl e in th e r o o m

, .

I app ear on Su n day n i g hts at St Jam es s c o ffee h o u se a n d 20

.
’
,

som eti m es j o i n t h e l ittl e c o mm itt ee o f p o l i t ic s in t h e i n n er

“

r o om as o n e w h o c o m es th er e t o h ear a n d im p ro v e
,
My .

face is l ik ewi se v ery w el l k n o w n at th e Gr eci an th e C o c oa ,

Tr ee an d in th e th eatr es bo th o f D r u r y L an e an d th e
,

H ay Mark et
-
I h ave b een tak en fo r a m er ch an t up on th e
.

Exch an ge f o r ab o v e th ese t en y ears, an d som eti m es p ass f or

a J ew in t h e ass em bl y o f s t o ck j o bb ers at J on ath an s
’
-
In .

s h o rt wh er ever I see a c l u st er o f p eo pl e I al w ay s m ix with

, ,

th em th o u gh I n ev er o p en m y l ip s but in m y o w n cl ub
,
.

Thu s I l iv e in th e w o r ld ra th er as a spe cta to r o f m an 3 0

,

th an as o n e o f th e speci es by which m ean s I h av e

,

m ad e m y sel f a s p ecu l a tive s t a t esm an s o ldi er m er ch an t an d

, , ,

ar t iz an with o ut ev er m eddli n g with an y p ra ctical p ar t in

,

l if e)
,
I am v ery w ell v er sed in th e th eo ry o f a hu sb an d,
o r a f ath er an d c an di s c er n t h e err o r s in t h e ec o n o my ,
,

bu sin ess an d div er si o n o f o th er s better than th ose w h o ar e

, ,
 4 TH E SPECTATOR .

en ga g ed th em as st an d er s by di sco ver bl o ts which ar e

in -
,

ap t t o es cap e th o s e w h o are in t h e gam e I n ev er esp o u sed .

an y p a r ty with v i o l en c e an d am r eso l v ed to o b ser v e an ex a ct

,

n eut r al it
y b etw een t h e W hi g s an d T o r i es u n l ess I s h all b e ,

fo r c ed to d ecl ar e m yself by th e h osti l iti es o f eith er sid e I n .

sh o r t I h a v e a ct ed i n al l th e p ar ts o f m y lif e as a l o c k er o n
,
-
,

which 1s th e chara cter I in ten d t o p reser ve in th is p ap er .

I h av e giv en th e r ead er j u s t so m uch o f m y hi stor y an d

chara ct er a s to l et h im see I am n o t al to geth er u n qu al ifi ed
,

10 f o r th e bu s i n ess I ha v e u n d er tak en A s f o r o th er par ticu lars

.

in m y life a n d a dv en tu r es I s h all i n s er t th em in fo ll o wi n g
,

p ap ers as I sh all see o ccas i on I n th e m ean ti m e, wh en I

,
.

c o n sid er h ow m uch I h a v e seen, r ea d an d h ear d I b egin t o ,

.

blam e m y ow n tacitu r n ity ; an d si n c e I h av e n eith er ti m e

n o r i n c l i n ati o n t o c o mm u n ica t e th e fu ln ess o f m y h ear t in

sp eech ,
I am r esol ved t o do it in wr iti n g an d t o p r i n t m y ,

s el f o u t if p o ss ibl e b efo r e I die

, ,
I h av e b een o ften to l d by
.

m y fr i en d s tha t it is p ity so m an y u sefu l di s c o v er i es which

I h av e m a d e sh o u l d b e in th e p ossessi on o f a si l en t m an
, .

20 Fo r thi s r easo n th er efo r e I sh all pub l i sh a s h eet ful l o f

, ,

th o u ghts ev ery m o r n i n g f or th e ben efit o f m y c on t em p o

,

a n d if I c an a n
ra r i es
y w ay c o n t ri but e t o th e div ers i on or
i m pr o v em en t of th e c o u n tr y in which I l iv e I sh all l eav e it , ,

wh en I a m s u mm o n ed o ut o f it with th e secr et sat i sfa c t i o n

,

o f thi n ki n g th at I h a v e n o t l iv ed in v a i n .

Th er e ar e th r ee v ery m ater i al p o i n ts which I h ave n o t

s p ok en t o in thi s p ap er a n d which ,
f o r sev er al i m p or tan t
,

rea so n s I m u s t k eep t o m y sel f at l eas t f or so m e ti m e : I

, ,

m ean , an a cc o u n t o f m y n am e m y age a n d my l o d g i n gs
,
I , .

3 0 m u st c o n f ess I w o u l d g r a tify m y r ead er in an y thi n g tha t is

r eas o n ab l e but as f o r th ese th r ee par ticulars th o ugh I am ,

sen s ib l e th ey mi g ht t en d v ery m uch t o t h e em b el li s h m en t o f

m y pap er I c an n o t y et c om e t o a r es ol uti o n o f c om m un ica t

,

in g th em t o t h e publ ic Th ey w o u l d in d eed d r aw m e ou t
.

o f th a t o b s cu r ity which I h av e en j o y ed f o r m an y y ears an d ,

e x p os e m e in pub l ic pl a c es t o sev eral sa lutes an d ci v iliti es ,

 T HE S PECTATOR S ACC O UNT O F ’
H I M S E LF . 5

wh i ch h av e b een al ways v er y disagr eeabl e t o m e ; f or th e

gr eatest p ain I can suffer is th e b ein g tal k ed t o an d , ,

bei n g star ed at I t is f o r thi s r eason l ik ew i se, th at I k eep

.

m y c o m p l exi on an d d r ess as v ery gr ea t sec r ets ; th o ugh it

is n o t i m p o ss ibl e but I m ay m ak e di s c o v er i es o f b o th in
,

th e p r ogr ess o f th e w or k I h a ve un d er tak en .

After h avi n g b een thu s p ar ticular up on m y sel f I sh all in ,

t o m o rr o w s p ap er g iv e an a cc ou n t o f th o s e g en tl em en w h o
’
-

ar e c on c ern ed w ith m e in thi s w o r k ; f o r as I h av e b ef o r e ,

i n ti m ated , a p lan of it is l aid an d co n c er t ed (as all o th er

m a tt er s o f i m p or ta n c e ar e) in a cl ub Ho w ev er as m y .
,

fr i en d s h av e en gag ed m e t o st an d in t h e fr on t , th ose w h o
h a v e a m i n d t o c or r esp o n d with m e m ay di r ect th eir l etters ,

To th e Sp ec ta tor, at M r B uckl ey s in Littl e B r itai n For I

’
. .
,

m u st fu r t h er a cqu ai n t t h e r ea d er th a t th o u gh o ur cl ub m eets ,

o n l y o n Tu esd ay s an d Thu r sday s w e h av e app o i n t ed a c o m,

m it tee to s it ev er y n i g ht f o r t h e i nsp ecti o n o f al l s uch

,

pa p er s as m ay co n tr ibut e to th e a dvan c em en t o f th e publ ic

w eal . C .

II . O F THE CLU B .

No . 2] F r iday Ma r ch , 2, 17 10 11 -
.
[St eel e
A st a1
11 sex

E t pl ur es , l
u n o c o n c a m an t o r e Juv Sa t v1i
.
—
. . . 167 .

Six m o r e at l east j oin t h eir c o n sen ti n g vo i c e .

T HE fi rst o f o ur so ci ety is a g en tl em an o f W o r c es t er shi re

o f an an ci en t d es c en t a bar o n et h is n am e S ir R o ger de
, ,

C o v er l ey H is gr ea t g ran dfath er w as i n v en t o r o f th a t fam o u s

.
-

c o u n try d an c e which is c al l ed aft er h im A l l w h o k n o w th a t

-
.

shi r e are v er y w el l a cqu a i n t ed with t h e p ar t s a n d m er its o f

S ir R o g er H e is a g en tl em a n tha t is v er y s i n g u lar in h is
.

b eh avi our but h is s i n gu lar iti es p r o c eed f ro m h is g o o d s en se

, ,

a n d ar e c o n t r ad ic t i o n s t o th e m an n er s o f th e w o r ld o n ly a s ,
 6 THE SPECTAT O R .

he thin k s t h e w o rl d is in t h e w r on g H o w ev er, thi s hu m o ur

.

cr ea tes h im n o en em i es f or h e d oes n o thin g with so u rn ess o r

,

o b sti n a cy ; an d h is b ei n g u n c o n fi n ed t o m o d es an d f o rm s ,

mak es h im but th e r ea di er an d m o r e capab l e t o pl ease an d

o b l i e all w h o k n o w h im
g W h en h e is in t o wn h e l iv es in
.

S o h o S q u ar e It is said h e k eep s him s el f a b ach el or by

.
,

r easo n h e w as c r o ss ed in l o v e b
y a p er v er se b eautiful wid o w
of t h e n ex t c o u n ty t o h im kB efo r e thi s di sa pp o in tm en t Sir
.
,

R oger w as wh at y o u cal l a fin e g en tl em an h a d o ft en sup p ed

_ ,

10 with m y L or d R o ch ester an d Sir Geo r ge Eth er eg e fo u ght a ,

du el up o n h is fi r s t c o m i n g t o t o w n an d kick ed B u lly D a w son

,

in a p u b l ic c o ffee h o u s e f or call in g h im yo un gst er

-
B ut .

b ei n g ill u sed by t h e abo v e m en ti o n ed wid o w h e w as v ery

- -
,
.

ser i o u s f o r a y ear an d a h alf an d th o u g h h is t em p er b ei n g

n a tu rally j o vi al h e a t l as t go t o v er it h e
, grew c ar el ess o f,

hi m self an d n ev er dr essed aft er war d s H e c on ti n u es t o w ear .

a c o a t an d d o ubl e t o f t h e sam e cut th a t w er e in fashi o n a t t h e

ti m e o f h is r ep ul se which in h is m err y h um o u r s h e t ells us

, , , ,

h as b een in an d o u t tw el ve ti m es s i n c e h e fi rs t w o r e it He .

20 is n ow in h is fif ty s ixth y ear ch eer fu l gay an d h ear ty ; k eep s

-
, , ,

a oo d h o u se b o th in t o wn an d c o u n t r y a g r ea t l o v er o f m an
g
ki n d but t h ere is s uch a m i r thf ul cast in h is b eh a vi o ur th a t ,

h e is ra th er b el o v e d th an est eem ed H is t en an t s gr o w r ich

.
,

h is ser v an t s l o o k sa ti sfi ed a l l t h e y o u n g w o m en p r o fess l o v e
,

t o h im an d th e y o u n g m en a r e g l ad o f h is c o m p an y W h en h e
,
.

c o m es i n to a h o u s e h e cal l s th e ser v an ts by th e i r n am es an d ,

t a l k s al l th e w ay u pst a i r s t o a vis it I m u s t n o t o m it th a t Sir

.

R og er is a j u stic e o f th e q u o r u m th at h e fill s th e ch a i r a t a
qu ar ter sess i o n with grea t abiliti es an d th r ee m on th s ago
-
, ,

3 0 ga i n ed u n iv er sal app la u s e by e xpl a i n in g a p assage in th e

Ga m e Act
-
.

T h e g en tl em an n e xt in es t eem an d a uth o r ity a m o n g u s is

an o th er b a ch el o r w h o is a m em b er o f th e I n n er T em pl e ;
,
-

a m an o f gr ea t p r o bity wit a n d u n d ers tan di n g

,
but h e h as
ch o sen h is pla ce o f r esid en c e ra th er t o o b ey th e dir ecti o n o f
an o l d hu m o u rs o m e fath er th an in pu rs ui t o f h is o wn in c lin
,
 or T H E CL U B .
7

at ion s . p lac ed th er e t o st udy th elaw s o f t h e l an d

H e w as ,

a n d is t h e m ost l ear n ed o f an
y o f t h e h o u se in th o se o f th e
s t ag e . A r i s t o tl e an d L o n g i n u s ar e m uch b ett er un d er st o od
by h im th an Littl et on o r C o k e Th e fath er s en d s up .

ev er y p o s t q u esti o n s r ela ti n
g t o m ar r i ag e ar tic l es l eases an d
-
, ,

ten u r es in th e n ei g hb o u r h o o d al l which q u es ti o n s h e agr ees

,

with an att or n ey t o an s w er an d tak e c ar e o f in th e l u m p .

H e is s tudy i n g th e pass i o n s th em sel v es w h en h e sh o u l d b e ,

i n qui r i n g i n to t h e d eb a tes am o n g m en which ar i se f r o m th em .

H e k n o w s th e ar g u m en t o f ea ch of th e o r ati on s O f D em os
th en es an d Tu l l y but n o t o n e c ase in th e r ep or ts o f o u r o w n
,

c o u r ts N 0 o n e ev er t o ok h im f o r a fo o l , but n on e e xcep t h is
.
,

i n ti m at e fr i en ds k n o w h e h as a gr ea t d eal O f wit Thi s tu rn

,
.

m a k es h im a t on c e b o th di s i n t er es t e d an d agr eea b l e A s f ew .

o f h is th o u g ht s ar ed r a w n fr o m bu s in es s th ey a r e m o st o f th em ,

fit f or c on v ersa ti on H is t a st e o f b o o k s is a l ittl e t o o ju st f o r
.

th e age h e l iv es in ; h e h as r ea d all but a ppr o v es O f v ery

,
,

f ew . H is f am i l i ar ity with t h e cu st o m s m an n ers, acti o n s , ,

an d w r i t i n s o f t h e an ci en t s m ak es h im a v er y d el ic a t e
g ,

O bser v er o f wh at o ccu r s t o h im in th e p resen t w o r l d H e is 20 .

an e xc el l en t c r itic a n d t h e t i m e O f th e
, pl ay is h is h o u r o f
bu sin ess e x a ctly a t fi ve h e passes th r o u gh N e w I n n c r o ss es -
,

th r o u gh Ru ssel C o u r t an d tak es a tu r n a t W i ll s ti ll t h e p lay

,
’

b egi n s ; h e h as h is s h o es r ubb ed an d h is p er r iw ig p owd er ed at

th e ba r b er s as y o u g o i n t o th e R o se I t is f o r th e go o d o f
’
.

th e audi en c e wh en h e is at a pl ay f o r t h e a ct or s h a v e a n ,

am biti o n t o p l ease h im .

T h e p er so n O f n e xt c o n s id era ti o n is S ir An dr ew F r eep o r t ,

a m er ch an t o f r ea t em i n en c e in th e city o f L o n do n A p er
g .

so n o f i n d efa t i g ab l e i n du s try s t r o n g r ea s o n a n d g r ea t ex
,
30 ,

p er ien c e H is n o t i o n s o f t r a d e ar e n o bl e an d g en er o u s an d
.
,

(as ev er y r ich m an h as u su ally so m e S ly w ay o f j esti n g which ,

w o ul d m ak e n o great fi g u r e w er e h e n o t a r ich m a n ) h e call s

th e sea th e B r iti sh c o m m o n H e is a c q u ai n t ed wi t h c o m
.

m er c e in a ll it s p a r t s an d wil l t e l l y o u it is a s tu p id an d
,

b ar bar o u s w ay t o ext en d d o m i n i o n b y ar m s f o r t r u e p o w er
 8 TH E SPE CTAT OR .

is t o b e go t by i n du stry H e will o f t en arg u e th at

ar s an d
t .
,

if thi s p ar t o f o u r tr ad e w er e w el l cul tivat ed w e sh o u l d gai n ,

fr o m on e n a t i on ; an d if an o th er fr o m an o t h er I h av e , .

h ear d h im p r o v e th at di l i gen c e m ak es m or e l asti n g a cqui si

ti o n s than v al o u r an d t h a t s l o th h as r uin ed m o r e n ati on s
,

t ha n t h e sw o r d H e ab o un ds in sev era l f r u gal m a xim s

.
,

am o n s t which t h e
gr ea t es t fav o u r it e is A p en n y sav ed ‘
g ,

is a p en n y go t ’
A gen eral tra d er o f go o d sen se is pl easan ter
.

c o m p an y t h an a gen er al sch o lar ; an d Sir A n d r ew h avin g a

10 n a tu r al u n aff ect ed el o qu en c e th e p er spicuity o f h is di s c o u r se
,

gl ves t h e sam e pl eas u r e th a t wit w ou ld i n an o th er m an He .

h as m ad e h is f o r tu n es hi m self a n d say s th a t E n gl an d m ay
b e r ich er than o th er k i n g d om s by as pl ain m eth o d s as h e ,

him self is r ich er t h an o t h er m en ; th o u gh at th e sam e t i m e I

c an say t hi s o f h im t h a t th er e is n o t a p o i n t in t h e c o m pas s
, ,

but bl o w s h om e a ship in which h e is a n o w n er .

N ext t o Sir A n drew in th e club r o om sit s Cap tain S en try -

,

a
gen tl em an o f gr eat c o u r age goo d u n d erstan din g bu t ih
, ,

vi n cibl e m o d esty H e is o n e o f th ose th a t deser ve v er y w el l

.
,

20 bu t ar e v er y a wkw ar d a t putti n g t h ei r t al en ts withi n th e

o b ser va ti o n o f s uch as sh o uld t ak e n o t ic e o f th em H e w as .

s o m e y ears a ca pt ai n an d b eh av ed hi m self with g r ea t

, gallan t r y
in sev era l en gag em en ts an d at sev er a l s i eg es bu t havi n g a
,

sm all est a t e o f h is o w n a n d b ei n g n e xt h ei r t o Sir R o ger h e

, ,

h a s quitt ed a w ay o f life in which n o m a n c an r i se s uita bly

t o h is m er it w h o is n o t s om ethi n g o f a c o u r t i er a s w ell as a
, ,

so l di er . I h av e h ear d h im oft en l a m en t t h at in a p r o f essi o n ,

wh ere m er i t is pl ac e d in so c o n s p icu o u s a vi ew i m pud en c e ,

s h o u l d g et t h e b et t er o f m o d est y
-
W h en h e h as tal k ed to
3 0 thi s p u r p o se I n ev er h ear d h im m ak e a s o u r ex p r essi o n but
, ,

f ran k ly c o n f ess th at h e l eft th e w or l d b ec a u se h e w as n o t fit

f o r it . A s t r ict h o n es t y an d an ev en r eg ul ar b eh avi o u r are ,

in t h em selv es O b s ta cl es t o h im th a t m u s t p res s th r o u gh
cr o wd s w h o en d eavo u r at t h e sa m e en d wi t h hi m self t h e ,

fav o u r o f a c o m m an d er H e will h o w ev er in thi s w ay o f

.
, ,

tal k excu se g en er al s f or n o t di sp o si n g acc or di n g to m en s

, ,
’
 10 T HE SPECTATO R .

a
ge wi ll tak e n o tic e t o yo u wh at such a m i n i st er said up on
s uch an d s uch an o cc as i on h e wil l t ell
y ou wh en th e Duk e o f
,

M o n m o u t h dan c ed at c o u r t such a w om an w as th en sm i t t en , ,

an o th er was t a k en with h im a t t h e h ead o f h is tr o o p in th e

P ar k I n a ll th ese i m p o r tan t r el a ti o n s h e h as ev er ab o ut
.
,

th e sam e ti m e r e c eiv ed a ki n d gl an c e o r a bl o w o f a f an f ro m , ,

s o m e c el ebr a t ed b ea uty m o t h er o f th e
presen t L or d s uch a
-
,

If y o u sp eak o f a y o un g C o mm on er tha t said a l iv ely

“
on e .

t hi n g in th e H o u s e h e s tar ts up , H e h as goo d bl oo d in ,

10 h is v ei n s T o m Mi ra b el l th e r o gu e ch eat ed m e in th a t
,

affa i r th at y o u n g f el l o w s m o th er u sed m e m o r e l ik e a dog

’

th an an y w om an I ever m ad e adv an c es t o ”
Thi s w ay o f .

talkin g o f h is v ery m uch en liven s t h e c on v ersa ti o n am on g u s

o f a m o r e s ed a t e tu rn ; an d I fi n d th er e is n o t o n e o f th e

c o m pan y but m y self w h o r ar ely sp eak at all but sp eak s o f

, ,

h im as th a t so r t o f m an , w h o is u s u a lly c al l ed a w ell br ed -

fi n e gen tl em an .

I can n o t tel l wh eth er I am to a cc o u n t h im wh om I am

.

n ext t o s eak o f as o n e o f o ur c o m p an y ; f o r h e vi s it s u s but

p ,

20 s eld o m but wh en h e d o es it add s t o e v er y m an el s e a n ew

, ,

en j o y m en t o f hi m self H e is a cl ergym an a v ery p hil o so phic

.
,

m an o f g en er a l l ear n i ng gr ea t san c t ity o f lif e an d t h e m os t

, , ,

e x a ct
go o d b r eedin g H e h as th e m i sfo r tu n e t o b e o f a v er y
.

w ea k c on s ti t uti o n a n d c on seq u en tly can n o t acc ept o f such

,

car es an d bu sin ess a s p r ef er m en ts in h is fu n cti o n w o uld

o bli g e h im t o : h e is th er ef o r e a m o n g di vi n es wh a t a ch am b er
’

c o u n sell o r is am on g l awy er s Th e p r o bity o f h is m in d an d . ,

,

th e i n t egr ity O f h is life c r eat e h im f o ll o w ers as b ei n g el o qu en t

, ,

or l o ud a dv an c es o th er s H e sel d o m i n t r o d uc es th e subject
.

3 0 h e sp eak s u p o n ; but w e ar e so f ar g o n e in y ear s th a t h e ,

Ob ser ves wh en h e is am on g u s an ear n estn ess t o h a v e h im

fa ll o n so m e divi n e t o pic which h e alw ays t r ea ts wi t h m uch
,

a u t h o r i ty as o n e w h o h a s n o i n t er est s in t hi s w or ld as o n e w h o
, ,

is h as t en i n g t o t h e O bj e c t o f a ll h is wi sh es an d c o n c eiv es ,

h o pe fr o m h is d eca y s an d in fi rm it ies Th ese ar e m y o r di n a ry .

c o m p an i o n s . [L
 SI R RO GE R AT HOME .

II I . S I R RO G ER AT H OM E .

No . M on day Jul y,
2, 17 11 .
[ Addi son
t ib i c o p i a
H in c
M an abit ad p l en u m b en ig no ,

Rur is h o n or um opul en ta c orn u .

—
H or . xv11 .

H er e Pl en ty l iberal h orn sh all p our

’
s

Of f ruit s f or t h ee a c o p i ous sh o w r
’
,

Ri c h h o n o u rs o f th e q u i et p l ain .

H A v1N G ften r ec eiv ed an i n vita ti on fr o m m y fr i en d S ir

o

R o ger de C o v er l ey t o p ass away a m on th with h im in th e

c o u n tr y I l ast w e ek acc om pan i ed h im thith er an d a m
, ,

sett l ed with h im f o r so m e ti m e a t h is c o u n t ry h o u se wh ere -

,

I i n t en d to fo rm sev er al o f m y en s uin g s p ecu l a t i o n s Sir .

R oger wh o is v ery w ell acqu ai n t ed with m y hum o u r l ets

, ,

m e r i se an d g o to b ed wh en I pl ease ; di n e at h is o w n
ta bl e, o r in m y cha m b er , as I t hin k fit ; sit still an d say ,

n o thi n
g w ith o ut biddi n g m e b e m er r y
,
W h en th e gen tl e
.

m en o f th e c o u n tr y c o m e t o s ee h im , h e o n l y sh o ws m e
at a di s t an c e . A S I h a v e b een wal ki n g in h is fi el d s I ,

h ave o bser ved th em s t eal i n g a si ght o f m e o v er a h edg e ,

a n d h av e h ear d t h e k n i g ht d es i r i n g th em n o t t o l e t m e

see th em f o r th a t I h a t ed t o b e star ed at
, .

I am th e m o re at ease in S ir Ro g er s fam i ly b ecau se it ’

,

c on s i sts o f so b er an d s ta id p erso n s ; f o r as th e k n i ght is

th e b es t m as t er in t h e w o r l d h e sel d o m ch an g es h is
,

s er v an t s ; an d as h e is b el o v ed b y a l l a b o u t h im h is s er ,

van ts n ever car e f o r l eavi n g h im : by thi s m ean s h is

d o m estics ar e a ll in y ear s a n d gr o w n o l d wi t h th ei r m ast er
, .

Y o u w o ul d tak e h is v al e t de ch a m b re f o r h is b r o th er ; h is
bu tl er is gray h ead ed ; h is g r o o m is o n e o f th e gra vest
-

m en th a t I h a v e e v er seen ; an d h is c o ach m an h as t h e
l oo k s of a p r iv y c o u n ci ll o r
-
Y o u see t h e g o o d n ess o f t h e
.
30
m ast er e v en in th e o l d h o u se do g an d in a gr ay pa d th a t
-
 12 T HE SPE CTATOR .

is k ept in th e t bl e with gr eat c are

s a an d t en dern ess o u t
of r egar d to h is p ast ser v i c es tho u gh ,
he h a s b een u s el ess
f or se veral y ears .

I c o u l d n o t b u t o bser v e with a great d eal o f pl easu r e ,

th e joy th a t a pp ear e d in t h e c ou n t en an c es o f th ese an ci en t

d om estics up on m y f r i en d s ar r ival a t h is c o u n try sea t ’
-
.

S o m e o f th em c o u l d n o t refr ai n fr o m t ears at th e s i ght o f

th ei r ol d m aster ; ev ery o n e o f t h em p r essed f or war d t o
do som et hi n g f o r h im a n d s eem ed di sc o u rag ed if th ey,

10 w er e n o t em pl o y ed A t th e sam e ti m e t h e go o d ol d
.

k n i ght with a m ixtu r e o f th e fa th er an d th e mas ter o f

,

th e fa mi ly t em p er ed th e i n qui r i es aft er h is o w n a ffai r s

,

with s ev eral ki n d q u esti on s r elati n g t o th em sel v es Thi s .

hu m an ity a n d go o d n atu r e en gages ev ery bo dy t o h im, s o

-

th a t wh en h e is pl easan t up on an y o f th em all h is fam ily ,

ar e in g o o d hu m o u r a n d n on e so m uch as th e p ers on
,

wh om h e div er ts hi m self with : o n th e c on tr ar y if h e ,

c o u gh s or b etr ay s an y i n fi r m ity o f old age it is easy f or

, ,

a s t an d er b
y t o o b s er v e a sec r et c on c ern in t h e l oo k s o f
-

20 all h is s er van t s .

M y w o r thy fr i en d h as put m e u n d er th e par ti cular care

o f h is but ler w h o is a v ery p r ud en t m an
,
an d as w ell as , ,

th e r es t o f h is f ell o w ser v an ts w on d er fu lly d es i r o u s o f

-
,

pl easin g m e b ecau se th ey h av e o ften h ear d th eir m as ter

,

t al k o f m e as o f h is par ticu lar f r i en d .

M y chi ef c o m pan i on wh en S ir R og er is div er ti n g hi m self

,

in th e w o o d s o r th e fi elds is a v ery v en erab l e m an w h o , ,

is ev er with Sir R o g er an d h as liv ed a t h is h o u s e in th e

,

n a tu r e o f a ch apl a i n a b o v e thi r ty y ear s Thi s gen tl em an .

3 0 is a p er so n o f g o o d sen s e an d so m e l ear n i n g o f a v er y , ,

a n d o bl i i n
r eg u l ar l if e g g c on v er s ati o n : h e h ea r ti ly l o v es
,

Sir R og er an d k n o w s th a t h e is very m uch in th e O ld

,

k n i ght s es teem ; so tha t h e l iv es in th e fam ily r a t h er as

’

a r el a ti o n th an a d ep en d en t .

I h av e o b ser v ed in sev eral o f m y p ap ers th a t m y fr i en d ,

Sir R o ger am id s t a l l h is go o d q u al iti es is som ethi n g o f a

, ,
 SI R ROGER A T H OME .
13

hu m or is t ; and th a t h is v i r tu es as w el l as i m p erfecti on s
, ,

ar e, as it w er e ti n g ed by a c er t ai n e xt r av ag an c e which m ak es
, ,

th em p ar ticularl y h is an d di s ti n gui sh es th em fro m th ose of

o th er m en Thi s c ast o f m i n d as it is gen er all y v ery
.
,

i n n o c en t in its el f so it r en ders h is c on v er sati o n hig h ly

a r eeab l e a n d m
,

g , or e d eli ghtfu l th an t h e sam e d eg r ee of s en se

an d vi r tu e w o u l d ap p ear in th ei r c o mm o n an d o r din ar y

c o l o ur s A s I w as w
. alkin g wi t h h im l a st n i ght h e ask ed ,

m e h o w I l ik ed t h e goo d m an wh o m I h av e j us t n o w
m en ti on ed ; an d with o ut stayi n g f o r m y an sw er to l d m e
, , ,

th at h e w as afra id o f b ei n g i n sult ed with L a ti n an d Gr eek

a t h is o w n t ab l e ; f o r which r ea so n h e d es i r ed a p ar ticu l ar
,

fr i en d o f h is at th e Un iv ersity, to fi n d h im o u t a cl er gy m an
ra th er o f p lai n sen se th an m u c h l ear n i n g o f a g oo d a sp ect , ,

a cl ear v o ic e a s o ci ab l e t em p er an d if p o ss ib l e a m an th a t
, , , ,

u n d er s t oo d a l ittl e o f b ack gam m o n M y fr i en d (say s S ir

”

“
.

R o ger ) fo u n d me o ut thi s gen tlem an w h o b es id es th e , ,

en d ow m en t s r equi re d o f h im is th ey t ell m e a go o d s ch o l ar
, , , ,

th o u gh h e d o es n o t Sh o w it I h a v e g iv en h im th e p ar s on age
.

o f t h e p ar i s h ; an d b ec au se I k n o w h is v al u e h av e s ettl ed ,

up o n h im a go o d an n uity f o r l ife If h e o utliv es m e h e .

,

sh all fi n d th a t h e w as hi g h er in m y es t eem th an p er h ap s

h e thi n k s h e is: H e h as n o w b een with m e thi r ty y ear s ;

a n d th o u gh h e d o es n o t k n o w I h av e t ak en n o tic e o f it
, ,

h as n ev er in a ll th a t ti m e a sk ed a n vth in g o f m e f o r hi m self ,

th o u gh h e is ev ery day s ol iciti n g m e f o r s om ethi n g in b eh alf

o f o n e o r o th er o f m y t en an t s h is p ar i shi on er s
,
Th ere h as .

n o t b een a l aw s uit in th e p ar is h s i n c e h e h as l iv e d am o n
g
-

th em : if an y disput e ar i ses th ey a pp ly th em sel v es t o h im

,

f o r th e d eci si on ; if th ey do n o t a cqui es c e in h is j ud gm en t ,

which I thi n k n ev er h app en ed ab o v e o n c e o r twice at m o s t , ,

th ey a pp ea l t o m e At h is fi rs t s ettl i n g with m e I m a d e
.
,

h im a p r es en t o f al l t h e goo d s er m o n s which h av e b een

pr 1n t ed in E n gl i sh a n d o n ly b egg ed o f h im t h a t ev er y
.
,

Su n day h e w o uld p ron o u n c e o n e o f th em in th e p u l pit .

A cc o r di n gl y h e h as di g es t ed th em i n t o such a ser i es tha t

, ,
 14 T HE S PECTATOR .

th ey f oll o w o n e an o th er n atu r ally an d m ak e a con tin u ed,

”
sys t em o f p ractic al divi n ity .

A s S ir R o ger w as go i n g o n in h is st ory th e gen tl em an ,

w e w er e t alki n g o f c am e u p t o u s ; an d up o n th e k n i ght s
’

aski n g h im w h o p r ea ch e d t o m o rr o w f r it w as S a tu r d ay
-
( o

n i ght) ,
to ld us th e B i sh op o f S t A saph in th e m o rn i n g
, .
,

an d D r S o uth in th e a ft er n o on H e t h en sh o wed u s h is
. .

l i st o f pr each er s f or th e wh o l e y ear wh er e I saw w ith a ,

gr eat d eal o f pl easu r e, Ar chbi s h o p Til lo tson B i sh o p Sau n d er ,

10 son , D o ct or B arro w D o cto r Calam y , with sev eral l ivin g

,

a u t h o r s w h o h av e p ub l i sh e d dis co u rs es o f p rac t ical divi n ity .

I n o so o n er saw thi s v en er abl e m an in t h e pulpit but I ,

v ery m uch app ro ved of m y f r i en d s in si stin g up o n t h e ’

q u al ific ati o n s o f a go o d as p ect an d a cl ear v o ic e f o r I w as

so ch a r m ed wi t h t h e g ra c ef ul n es s o f h is fi g u r e an d d el i ver y ,

as w ell a s with t h e di s c o u rs es h e p ro n o u n c ed th at I thi n k I ,

n ev er p asse d an y ti m e m o r e to m
y sa t isfa cti on A serm o n .

rep ea t e d aft er th i s m ann er is lik e t h e c o m p ositi o n o f a p o et

,

in th e m o u t h o f a g ra c ef ul a ct o r .

20 I co ul d h ear ti ly wi sh th at m o r e o f our c o u n try cl er gy

w ou ld f o l l o w thi s ex am p l e an d i n stead of wastin g th ei r
, ,

sp i r i t s in l ab o r i o u s c o m p o siti o n s o f th ei r o w n w o u l d en d ea ,

v o u r af t er a h an d so m e el o cu t i on an d all th o se o th er tal en t s
,

that are p r op er t o en fo rc e wh a t h as b een p en n ed by gr eat

m as t er s . Thi s w o uld n o t o n ly b e m ore easy t o t h em s elv es
b ut m o r e edifyi n g t o th e p eo pl e .
 T HE CO V E R L E Y H O USE H OLD .

IV . T H E C O V E RLE Y HOU S EHO L D .

NO . Tu esday July ,
3 ,
17 11 .
[Steel e
E so p o in g en t em s t at u a m p o su er e At tic i ,

S er vum qu e c o ll o c ar un t es er n a t in b as i ,

P ater e h o n o ri s s c iren t u t c un c tis viam .

Ph aedr . Ep ilog . 1 2
. .

Th e Ath en i an s t
erec ed a l arg e s tatu e t o Al so p an d p l a c ed ,

hi m t h o u gh
,
a sl ave ,
o n a l astin g p e dest al ; t o sh ew t h at ,

t h e w ay t o h o n o ur li es o p en in di ff eren t ly t o all .

THE c pti o n m an n er o f a tt en dan ce, u n di stu r b ed fr eedo m

re e ,

an d qui et which I m eet with h er e in t h e c o u n t ry

,

h as c o n fi r m ed m e in t h e o pi n i o n I al ways h a d t h a t ,

th e g en eral c o r r u p ti o n o f m an n er s in ser v an ts is o wi n g 10
t o t h e c o n duc t o f m ast er s T h e asp ect o f e very o ne in
‘

th e f am i ly carr i es s o m u ch sa t i s fa cti o n th a t it app ears ,

h e kn ow s th e h ap p y l o t which h as b efal l en h im in
b ei n g a m em b er o f it Th er e is o n e p ar ti c ul ar which I
.

ha v e sel d om seen but at S ir R o ger s ; it is u su al in all ’

o th er pl ac es th at s er van t s fl y f ro m th e p arts o f th e
,

h o u s e th r o u g h which t h ei r m as t er is p assi n g ; o n th e
c o n t rary h er e th ey i n du str i o u sly p lac e th em selv es in h is
,

w ay ; an d it is o n b o t h s id es a s it w er e u n d er s t oo d as , ,

a vi s it wh en t h e s ervan t s app ear wi t h o ut ca lli n g

,
Thi s 20 .

pr o c eed s f r o m t h e hu m an e a n d e q u a l t em p er o f t h e m an
o f t h e h o u se w h o al s o p er f e ctl y w ell k n o w s h ow t o en j o y
,

a g r ea t es t a t e wi th s uch e c o n o m y as ev er to b e m uch
,

b efo r eh an d Thi s m ak es h is o w n m i n d u n tr o ubl ed an d

.
,

c on se qu en tly u n a pt t o v en t p eevi sh ex pr essi on s o r g iv e ,

pass i o n a te o r i n c on si s t en t o r d er s t o t h o se a b o ut h im Thu s .

r esp ect an d l o v e g o t o g e t h er ; an d a c er t ai n ch eer ful n ess

in p er fo r m an c e o f t h ei r duty is th e p ar ticul ar di sti n cti o n o f

t h e l o w er p ar t o f t hi s fam il y W h en a ser van t is c a ll e d
.

b ef o r e h is m as t er h e d o es n o t c o m e wi t h an exp ec ta t i on 3 0
'

,
—
t o h ear hi m sel f r at e d f or s o m e t r ivi a l fa ult th r eaten ed to ,
 16 THE S PE CTATO R .

be t ipp ed o r u sed with an y o th er u n b ec om i n g l an g u ag e

s r ,

which m ean m asters o ft en give t o w o r thy ser van ts ; but

‘

it is o ft en to k n o w wha t r oa d h e t ook th at h e cam e so

,

r eadi l y b a ck a cc o r di n
g t o o r d er ; wh eth er h e p assed by
s uch a g r o u n d ; if t h e o ld m an w h o r en t s it is in
go o d
h eal t h ; o r wh eth er h e gave Sir R oger s l o ve to h im o r
.
’
,

t h e l ik e .

A man w h o preser ves a r espect fo un d ed o n h is b en e

vo l en c e t o h is d ep en d en t s l iv es r ath er l i k e a p r i n c e th an
,

a m a s t er in h is fam
,

10 i ly ; h is o r d er s ar e r ec eiv ed as fav our s

ra th er th an d uti es ; an d th e dis ti n cti on o f app r oa chin g
h im is p ar t o f t h e r ew ar d f o r e x ecuti n g wha t is c o m
m an ded by h im .

Th er e is an o th er ci r cu m stan c e in which m y fr i en d e xcel s

in h is m an ag em en t which is th e m an n er o f r ew ar din g
,

h is s er van t s H e h as ev er b een o f o pi n i o n th at g ivi n g

.
,

h is ca s t cl o th es t o b e w o r n by v al ets h a s a v er y ill eff ect

up on l ittl e m in d s an d cr eat es a si lly sen se o f equ al ity
,

b etw een th e p ar ti es in p erso n s affected o n ly with o utw ar d

,

20 thi n g s I h av e h ear d h im o ft en pl easan t on thi s o ccasi o n

.
,

an d d es c r ib e a y o u n g g en tl em an a bu si n g h is m an in th at
c oa t which a m on th o r t w o b efo r e w as th e m o st pl easi n g
,

di stin cti o n h e w a s c o n sci o u s o f in hi m s elf H e w o uld .

tu rn h is di s co u r se stil l m o r e pl easan tly u p o n th e b o u n ti es

o f t h e l adi es o f thi s ki n d ; an d I h av e h ear d h im sa y h e

k n ew a fi n e w o m an w h o dis tr ibut ed r ewar d s an d pun i sh

,

m en ts in g i vi n g b ec o m i ng o r u n b ec om i n g d resses t o h er
m aid s .

B u t m y go o d fr i en d is a b o v e th ese l ittl e i n stan c es o f go o d

3 0 w i ll in b es t o wi n g o n ly t r ifl es o n h is ser van t s ; a go o d
,

ser v an t t o h im is s u r e Of h av in g it in h is ch o ic e v er y
s o on o f b ei n g n o ser v an t a t a ll A s I b efo r e o b s er v ed
.
,

h e is so g o o d a hu sb an d an d k n o w s so th o r o u gh ly th a t
,

t h e ski ll o f t h e pu rse is th e car di n al vi r tu e o f thi s lif e ;

I say h e k n o w s so w ell th at fr u gality is th e su pp o r t o f
g en er osity th at h e can o ften s p ar e a large fi n e wh en a
,
 18 THE S PE CTATO R .

a cc ou n t o f a p ictu r e in h is galler y wh ere th er e ar e m an y ,

which w il l d eser ve m y futu r e o bser va ti on .

A t t h e v ery upp er en d o f thi s ver v h an d som e str uctu r e

I saw th e p o r traitu r e o f t w o yo u n g m en stan di n g in a
r iv er ,
th e o n e n ak ed th e o th er in a l iv er y
,
T h e p erso n .

su p p o r t e d seem ed h a lf d ead but stil l so m uch al iv e as to,

sh o w in h is f ac e e xqui sit e
joy a n d l o v e t ow ard s t h e o th er .

I th o ught th e fai n tin g fi g u r e resem bl ed m y fr i en d Sir

R o ger ; an d l o o ki n g a t t h e butl er w h o s too d by m e f o r ,

10 a n a cc o u n t o f it h e i n f o r m e d m e th a t th e p ers o n in th e
,

l i very w as a ser v an t o f Sir R o g er s w h o s t oo d o n th e sh o r e ’

,

whi l e h is m as t er w a s swi m m i n g an d o b ser vin g h im t ak en ,

with s o m e sudden il ln ess an d s i n k u n d er w a t er j u m p ed

, ,

in an d s av e d h im H e t o l d m e S ir R o g er t o o k o ff th e
.

dr ess h e w as in as s oon as h e c am e h o m e an d by a grea t ,

b o u n ty a t th a t ti m e f ol l o w e d by h is fav o u r ev er s i n c e
, , ,

"
h a d m ad e h im m as t er O f th a t p retty sea t which w e saw
at a dis t an c e as w e cam e t o thi s h o u se I r em em b er ed .

i n d eed S ir R o ger sa id t h ere l ived a v ery w o r thy gen t lem an

, ,

20 to wh o m h e w a s hi g h ly o bl i g ed wi t h o u t m en ti o n i n g an y ,

thin g fu r th er Up o n m y l o ok i n g a littl e di ssa ti s fi ed a t

.

s om e p ar t o f th e p ictu r e m y a t ten d an t i n f o r m ed m e t h a t
,

it w as agai n s t S ir R o ger s will an d a t th e ear n es t r e qu est

’
,

o f t h e g en tl em an hi m self th at h e w as d r aw n in th e h abit
,

in which h e h ad sav ed h is m ast er R . .

V . CHAR A CTE R OF W I L L W I M B LE .

No . W ed n esday Ju ly ,
4, 17 11 .
[ A ddi son
G rat i s a n h el an s , m u l ta ag en do n i h il a g en s .
—
Ph aedr . Fa b v 2
. . .

O ut of b rea th t o no p ur p o s e, an d very b u sy ab o ut n o t h in g .

A S I w as y est er d ay m or n i ng w al k i n g with S ir R o ger

b ef or e h is h ou se a c o u n t r y f ell ow b r o u ght h im a hu g e fi sh
, ,

30 which h e to ld h im M r W illi am W i m bl e h ad ca u ght th a t

, ,
.
 CHARACT E R OF W I LL W I M B L E .

\
very m or n i n g an d th at h e p r esen t ed it w ith h is ser vice to
h im an d in t en d ed t o c om e an d din e with h im
, A t th e sam e .

ti m e h e d el iv er ed a l ett er which m y f r i en d r ea d t o m e as
,

so o n as t h e m es s en g er l eft h im
“
.

S I R R O G ER
“ ,

I d esi re y o u t o a cc ept o f a j ack which is th e b est I ,

h av e c au ght th i s sea son I i n t en d t o c om e an d stay with

.

y ou a w eek an d see h o w t h e p er ch bit e in t h e B l a ck r iv er

-

.
,

I O b ser v ed with s om e c on c ern th e las t tim e I saw y o u up on

,

th e b o wli n g gr een th a t y o u r whip w an t e d a las h to it ; I 10

-
,

wil l b r i n g h alf a do z en with m e th at I twi st ed last w eek ,

which I h op e w i ll ser v e y o u all th e ti m e y o u ar e in th e

c o u n t ry I h av e n o t b een ou t o f th e sa dd le f or six day s l ast
.

p ast h avi n g b een a t Et on wi t h S ir J o h n s eld est son H e

,
’
.

tak es t o h is l earn i n g hu gely

“I am , Sir y o u r hum bl e Ser vant
.

,
“ W I LL W I MB L E ”
,

Thi s extr ao r di n ar y l ett er an d m essage th a t a cc o m p an i ed

,

it m ad e m e v er y cu r i o u s t o k n o w th e ch ara ct er an d q u al ity
,

o f t h e g en tl em a n w h o s en t t h em which I f o u n d to b e as 20
f o l lo ws W il l W i m bl e is y ou n g er br o th er to a b ar on et an d
—
,

d es cen d ed o f th e an ci en t fam i ly o f th e W i m b l es H e is n ow .

b etw een f o r ty an d fift y but b ei ng br ed t o n o bu sin ess an d ,

b or n t o n o estat e h e gen era lly l iv es with h is el d er br o th er

,

as sup er i n t en d en t o f h is gam e H e hu n t s a p a ck o f d o gs
.

b ett er th an an y m an in th e c o u n try an d is v er y fam o u s f o r

,

fi n di n g o ut a h ar e H e is extr em ely w ell ver sed in all th e

.

l ittl e h an dic r afts o f an idl e m an h e m a k es a M ay fl y t o a -

m i ra cl e an d fu r n i sh es t h e wh o l e c o u n tr y w ith an gl e r o d s -
.

A s h e is a g o o d n a tu r ed o ffi c io us fell o w a n d v ery m uch 3 0

-
, ,

es t eem e d up o n a cc o u n t o f h is f am i ly h e is a w el c o m e g u es t
,

a t ev ery h o u se an d k eep s up a g o o d c or r esp o n d en c e am o n

, g
all th e g en tl em en ab o u t h im H e c ar r i es a tuli p r oo t in h is
.

p o ck et fr om o n e t o an o th er or exch an ges a pu p py b etw een a

,

c o u pl e Of fr i en d s th a t l iv e p erh ap s in t h e o pp o s ite s id es of
”

t h e c o un ty . W i ll is a par ticular f av o u r it e o f all th e y o u n g

 20 THE SPECTATOR .

h eirs wh om h e f r equ en tl y o bl i ges with a n et th at h e h as

,

Wea v ed o r a set t i n g dog th at h e h as m a d e hi m self ; h e

,

n o w a n d th en p r esen t s a p ai r o f g ar t er s o f h is o w n k n itti n g

t o th ei r m o th er s or s i st ers an d r a i s es a gr ea t d eal o f m i r th
a m on
g th e m by i n qui r i n g a s o ft en as h e m eets th em , h o w
, ,
“
”
th ey w ear 2 Th ese g en tl em an l ik e m an ufa ctur es an d o b lig
-
,

in g l ittl e hu m o u r s m ak e W i ll t h e d ar l i n g o f th e c o u n try
,
.

Sir R og er w as p r o c eedi n g in th e ch ar a ct er o f h im wh en h e ,

saw h im m ak e up t o u s with tw o o r t h r ee h a z el twi gs in h is -

10 han d th a t h e h ad cut in Sir R o g er s w o o d s as h e cam e

,
’

th r o u gh th em in h is w ay to th e h o u se I w as very m uch .

pl eased t o o b ser v e o n o n e s ide th e h ear ty an d sin c ere w el

c om e with which Sir R o ger r ecei ved h im an d o n th e o th er , ,

th e s ec r et joy which h is g u es t dis c o v er ed a t s ight of th e g o od

o ld k n i g h t Af t er th e fi r s t sal ut es w ere o v er, W i ll d esi red
,

S ir R og er t o l en d h im o n e o f h is s er van ts t o c ar r y a set of
shutt l ec o ck s h e h ad with h im in a l ittl e b o x t o a lady th at
, ,

l i v ed ab o ut a m i l e o ff t o wh om it s eem s h e h ad p ro m i sed '

s u c h a p r es en t f o r a b ov e thi s h a lf y ear
’
S ir R o g er s b ack
-
.

20 w as n o s oon er tu r n ed but h o n es t W i ll b egan t o t ell m e o f a

,

l ar ge c o ck ph ea san t th at h e h ad spru n g in on e of th e n eigh

b o u r in g w oo d s with tw o o r th r ee o th er a dven tu r es of th e
,

sam e n a tu r e Od d an d u n c o mm o n ch aracters ar e th e gam e

.

th at I l o o k f or an d m o st d el ight in f or which r easo n I w as

,

a s m uch p l eas ed w ith th e n o v e lty o f th e p er so n th at tal k ed

t o m e as h e c o ul d be f or h is l if e with th e sp r i n g i n g o f a
,

ph easan t an d th er efo r e l i sten e d t o h im with m o r e th an

,

or din ary a tt en ti o n .

I n th e m id s t o f h is d i sc o u r se th e b ell r an g t o di nn er wh er e ,

3 0 th e gen tl em an I h a v e b een sp eaki n g o f h a d th e p l easu re o f

seei n g th e hu g e j ack h e h ad ca u ght s er v ed up f o r th e fi r st di sh
,

in a m o s t su m p tu o u s m an n er Up on o ur s itti n g d own to it
.
,

h e gav e u s a l o n g acc o u n t h o w h e h ad h o ok e d it p lay e d ,

with it fo il ed it a n d a t l en gth d r ew it o ut u po n t h e ban k ,

, ,

with sev eral o th er par ticul ar s th at l ast ed all t h e fi rs t c ou r se

,
.

A di s h o f wild fo wl t h a t cam e a fter wards fu r n i sh ed co n

, ,
 CHA R A CTE R OF W I LL W I M B LE .
’

v ersati o n f or th e r est o f th e din n er w hich c on cl ud ed with a ,

la t e i n v en ti on o f W i ll s f o r i m p r o vi n g th e qu ai l pip e
’ -
.

Up on with dra wi n g i n to m y r o om a fter d i nn er, I w as

’

s ecr e tly t o uch ed with c o m p ass i o n t o w ar d s t h e h o n es t g en tl e

m an th a t h ad di n e d w ith u s ; an d c ou l d n o t bu t c on sid er ,

with a g reat deal o f c o n c er n h o w so go o d an h ear t, an d

,

s uch bu sy h an d s w er e wh o lly em p l o y e d in t r ifl es
,
th a t so
m uch hu man ity s h o u l d b e so l it t l e b en eficial t o o th er s, an d
so m uch i n du s t ry so l ittl e a dv an t ag eo u s t o hi m s el f Th e .

sam e t em p er o f m i n d an d app l ica ti o n t o affa i rs m i g ht h a v e

, ,

r ec o m m en d e d h im t o t h e pub l ic es t eem a n d h av e ra i s e d ,

h is fo r tu n e i n an o t h er s ta ti o n o f l if e W h at go o d to h is
.

c o u n t ry o r hi m s elf m ight n o t a tr ader o r m er ch an t h av e

, ,

do n e with such u seful th o u gh o r di n ary qu al ifica ti o n s ?

, ,

ill W i m b l e s is th e c as e o f m an y a y o u n ger b r o th er
’

gr eat fam ily wh o h ad rath er see th ei r childr en star v e

,

l ik e g en tl em en th an t h r iv e in a t rad e o r p r o fess i o n th at is
,

b en eath th ei r qu ality Thi s hu m o u r fi ll s sev er al p ar ts o f

.

Eu ro p e with p r ide an d b eggary It is th e h a ppi n ess o f a .

tra din g n ati o n lik e o u rs th a t th e y o u n ger so n s th o u g h

, , ,
20
i n cap abl e O f an y l ib eral ar t o r p r o f essi on m ay b e p l ac ed ,

in s uch a w ay o f l ife as m ay p er ha ps en a b l e th em t o vie

,

with th e b est o f th ei r fam ily Acc o r din gly w e fi n d sev er al

.
,

citiz en s th at w er e l au n ch ed i n to th e w o r l d with n arro w

for tu n es r i si n g by a n h o n est i n d ustry t o gr eat er estat es
,

th an th ose o f th ei r el d er br o th er s I t is n o t i m p r o babl e .

but Wi ll w as fo r m er ly tr i ed at divin ity l aw o r p h ysio ; , ,

an d th a t fi n di n g h is g en iu s di d n o t l ie th a t w ay h is ,

par en ts gav e h im up at l en g th t o h is o w n i n v en t io n s .

B u t c er ta in l y h o w ev er i m p r o p er h e m i ght h av e b een f o r
, 30
s t udi es o f a hi g h er n atu r e h e w as p er f e ctly w ell tu r n ed
,

f o r th e o ccupa ti on s o f t ra d e a n d c o mm er ce .
 22 THE S P E CTATOR .

VI . SI R RO G E R S A N CE S TOR S ’
.

No . Thu rsday Ju ly ,
5 , 17 11 .
[St eel e
A bn orm is sap en s i .
—
Hor 2 Sa t. . 11
. 3 .

Of p l a in goo d sen se, un t uto r

’
d in th e sc h ool s .

I WA S thi s m orn in g
walki n g in th e gall er y wh en Sir R o ger ,

en t er ed a t t h e en d O p p o s it e t o m e a n d a dv an ci n g t o w ar d s ,

m e said h e w as gl ad t o m eet m e am on g h is r ela ti o n s th e

, ,

de C o verl ey s an d h o p ed I l ik e d th e con v er sa t i o n o f s o
,

m uch go o d c o m pan y w h o w er e a s S il en t as m y sel f

,
I kn e w .

h e al lud e d t o th e pictu r es an d as h e is a g en tl em an w h o ,

d o es n o t a l ittl e val u e hi m self up on h is an ci en t d esc en t ,

10 I exp ec t ed h e w o u l d giv e m e s om e acco u n t o f th em W e .

wer e n o w ar r iv ed at th e upp er en d o f th e g all er y wh en ,

th e k n i ght fa c ed t o w ar d s o n e o f th e pictu r es an d as w e ,

s t o o d b ef o r e it h e en t er e d i n t o th e m att er a f t er h is blu n t
, ,

w ay o f say i n g t hi n gs as t h ey o ccu r t o h is i m ag i n ati on ,

with o ut r egul ar i n tr o ducti o n o r c ar e t o pr eser v e th e ,

app earan c e o f ch a i n o f th o u h t
“ g .

I t is sa id h e w o r t h whil e t o c on si der th e fo rc e o f
”
, ,

d r ess ; an d h o w th e p erson s o f o n e age differ fr o m t h ose

o f a n o t h er m erel y by tha t o n l y
,
O n e m ay o b ser v e a lso .
,
.

20 t h at th e g en era l fashi o n o f o n e age h as b een f o l l ow ed by

o n e p ar ticu lar s et of p eo p l e in an o t h er an d by th em ,

p r eser v ed f r o m on e g en er a ti o n t o a n o th er Th u s th e vas t .

j et ti n g c o at an d sm all b on n e t which w as th e h abi t in ,

H en ry t h e Se ven th s ti m e is k ept on in th e y eo m an o f
’
,

t h e g u ar d ; n o t wi t h o ut a go o d a n d p o l itic vi e w b ec a u se ,

th ey l o ok a f o o t t al l er an d a fo o t an d an h alf br o a der
,

bes id es th at t h e ca p l eav es t h e fa ce expan d ed an d c o u se

, ,

q u en tly m or e t er r ibl e a n d fit t er t o s tan d at t h e en tran c es

,

o f p al a c es
“
.

30 Thi s pr ed ecesso r of o u r s y o u s ee is d r esse d af t er t hi s

m an n er an d h is ch eek s w o u l d b e n o l ar ger than m i n e w er e
, ,
 S IR R O G E R S ANC E STO R S ’
.
23

h e in a I am / H e w as t h e l as t m an th a t w o n a
h at as .

p r iz e in th e Ti l t yar d (which is n o w a c o mm o n str eet

-

b efo r e W hit ehall) Y o u see th e br o k en lan c e th at l i es

.

th er e by h is r i ght fo o t H e shiv er ed th a t l an c e o f h is
.

a dv er sar y all t o pi ec es ; an d b ear i n g hi m sel f l oo k y ou , ,

sir in thi s m an n er at th e sam e ti m e h e c am e wi t hi n t h e

, ,

tar g et of th e g en tl em an w h o ro de agai n s t h im an d t aki n g ,

h im with i n c r edibl e fo r c e b ef o r e h im on th e p o mm e l of
h is sa dd l e h e in tha t m an n er r id t h e t o u r n am en t o v er
, ,

with an air th a t sh ew e d h e did it r ath er t o p er f o r m th e 10

r u l e o f th e l i s t s t han exp o se h is en em y ; h o w ev er it
,

app eare d h e k n e w h o w t o m a k e u se o f a vic t o r y an d ,

wi t h a g en tl e t r o t h e m ar ch ed up t o a gall ery wh ere th ei r

m i s t r ess sa t e (f o r th ey w er e r iv al s) a n d l et h im d o wn ,

wi th l audabl e c o u r tesy an d p ar d on abl e i n so l en c e I do .

n ot kn ow but it m i ght b e ex a ctly wh er e th e c offee h o u se

,
-

is n ow
“
.

Y ou k n o w thi s m y an c es t o r w as n o t on l y of a
are to ,

m ili t ar y gen iu s but fit a l so f or th e ar t s o f p eac e f o r h e

, ,

pl ay e d o n th e b ass V i ol as w ell as an y gen tl em an a t c o u r t ; 20

-

y o u see wh er e h is vi o l h an gs b y h is b ask et hi l t s w or d
-
.

Th e a cti o n at t h e Tilt y ar d y o u m a y b e su r e w on th e fa i r
-

la d y w h o w as a m aid o f h o n o u r an d t h e g r ea tes t b ea u ty
, ,

o f h er ti m e ; h er e sh e s t an d s t h e n ext pic t u r e Y o u s ee .
,

sir ,
m y g reat gr ea t gr ea t g ran d m o th er h as o n th e n ew
fashi o n ed p ettico at e xc ept th a t t h e m o d er n is gath er ed at
,

th e w a i s t ; m y gran d m o th er a p p ear s as if sh e s t oo d in
a l ar g e d r u m wh er ea s t h e l a di es n o w w alk as if th ey w er e
,

in a go c ar t -
Fo r all thi s l ady w as b r ed at c o u r t sh e b e
, ,

cam e an e xc ell en t c o u n tr y wif e sh e h ad t en chi ld r en an d 3 0

-
, ,

wh en I sh o w y o u th e l ibrary y o u sh al l see in h er o w n ,

han d (al l o wi n g f o r th e di ff er en c e o f th e l an gu age) th e

b est r ecei p t n o w in E n gla n d b o th f o r an h asty puddi n g -

a n d a whi t e
pot
-
.

I f y o u p l ease t o f all b ack a littl e b eca u se i t is n ec essar y ,

t o l o o k a t th e th r ee n ex t p ictu r es a t o n e V i ew ; t h es e ar e
 24 TH E SPE CTAT O R .

th ree S i s t er s S h e o n th e r i ght h an d w h o is s o v ery

.
,

b eau t iful di ed a m aid th e n e xt t o h er s til l h an d so m er h ad

, , ,

t h e sam e f a t e a gai n s t h er wil l ; thi s h o m ely thi n g in th e

,

m iddl e h ad b o t h th ei r p o r t i o n s a dd e d t o h er o w n , an d
”

w as sto l en by a n ei g hb o u r i n g g en tl em an a m an o f strat ag em ,

a n d r esol uti on f or h e p o i so n ed thr ee m as ti ff s t o c o m e a t

,

h er a n d kn o ck e d d o w n t w o d eer s t eal er s in c ar r y i n g h er
,
-

O ff
. Mi sf o r tu n es h appen in al l f am ili es Th e th eft o f .

thi s r o m p and so m uch m o n ey w as n o great m att er t o

, ,

t t / B u t th e n e xt h ei r th a t p o ss esse d it w as thi s
10 o u r es a e .
z

so ft en tl em an wh o m o u see th ere Ob s er v e t h e s m all

g y ,
.

butto n s t h e littl e b oo ts th e l a c es th e sl ash es abo ut h is

, , ,

cl o th es an d ab o v e al l th e p os t u r e h e is d raw n in (which
-
, ,

t o b e s u r e w as h is o w n ch o os i n g) ; y o u see h e s it s wi t h
on e h an d o n a d esk w r iti n g an d l o o ki n g as it w er e
an o t h er w ay li k e an easy w r it er o r a s onn et eer
,
He,
.

w as o n e O f th ose th a t h a d t o o m uch wit t o k n o w h o w t o

liv e in t h e w o r l d h e w as a m an o f n o ju stic e but gr eat ,

g o o d m an n er s h e r ui n e d ev ery b o d y th a t h a d an y thi n g t o
-

20 do with h im but n ev er sa id a r ud e t hi n g in h is lif e ; t h e

,

m o st i n d o l en t p er s on in t h e w o r l d h e w o uld si gn a d eed ,

th at passed aw ay ha lf h is estat e wi t h h is gl ov es o n ,

but w o uld n o t pu t o n h is h at b ef o r e a l ady if it w ere

"
t o sa v e h is c o u n t ry H e is sa id to b e th e fi r s t th at
m ad e l o v e b y s q u eezéi g t h e h an d
.

H e l eft t h e es t at e .

with t en t h o u san d p o u n d s d ebt u p o n it ; but h o w ev er by , ,

a ll h an d s I h av e b een i n f or m ed th a t h e w a s ev ery w ay
th e fi n es t g en t l em an in th e w o r ld ; Th a t d ebt l ay h eavy
tin t it w as r etr i ev e d by
J
o n o ur h o u se f o r o n e g en era ti o n ,

3 0 a g if t fr o m t h a t h o n es t m an y o u s ee t h er e a ci t iz en of .
,

o ur n a m e bu t n o thi n g a t all ak i n t o us
,
I k n o w S ir .

A n dr ew Fr eep o r t h as said b ehi n d m y back tha t t hi s m an ,

w as d es c en d e d f r om o n e o f th e t en chil dr en o f t h e m aid
o f h o n o u r I sh ew ed y o u ab o v e ; but it w a s n ev er m a de
ou t . W e wi n k ed at th e thi n g i n d ee d b eca u s e m o n ey w as ,

w a n ti n g a t th a t t im e .
 26 THE SPE CTATOR .

w ith go o d s en se, l eft m e at a l o ss wh eth er I w as m or e

del ighted wi t h my f r i en d s ’
w i s d o m o r S i m p l icity R . .

V VI I . O N G HO S TS A N D AP PA R I T I O N S .

F r id ay Ju ly , 6, 17 11 .
[ Addi son
H orro r iqu e
ub a n im o s, im u l
s ip sa sil en tia t err en t .

i rg V . A en . 11
. 7 55 .

A ll t h in gs are f ull o f h o rr or an d aff r igh t ,

A n d drea df u l ev n t h e sil en ce o f t h e n igh t

’
.
—
D r yden .

AT a l i tt l e
di stan c e f r o m S ir R o ger s h o u se am o n g th e ’
,

r ui n s o f a n o ld a bb ey th er e is a l o n g wal k o f aged el m s
,

which ar e sh o t u p s o v ery hi gh th a t wh en o n e passes ,

u n d er th em th e r o c k s an d cr o w s th at r es t up o n t h e t o p s
,

10 o f t h em seem t o b e c awi n g in an o t h er r eg i o n I am ver y .

m uch d el i ght e d with t hi s s o r t o f n o i se w h ich I c o n sid er ,

as a kin d o f n atu r al
p ray er t o th a t B ei n g w h o s upp l i es
t h e w an t s o f h is wh o l e cr eati o n an d w h o in th e b eautifu l , ,

l an g u age o f th e P salm s f eed eth th e y o u n g r av en s th at ca l l

,

up o n h im I lik e thi s r eti r em en t t h e b ett er b eca u se o f an

.

ill r ep or t it li es u n d er o f b ei n g h au n t ed ; f o r which r easo n

(as I h av e b een t o l d in th e fa m i ly ) n o livi n g cr eat u re
ev er w a l k s in it b es id es t h e ch apl a i n My go od f r i en d .

th e butl er d esi r ed m e w i t h a v ery g rav e fac e n o t t o v en t u r e

20 m ysel f in it aft er sun s et f o r th at o n e o f t h e f oo tm en
-
,

h a d b een a l m o s t fr i g ht en ed o ut o f h is wits by a S pi r i t
t h at app ear e d t o h im in th e sh ap e o f a bl ack h o r se
wi th o ut an h ead ; to which h e add ed t h at ab o ut a m on th ,

a go o n e o f t h e m a id s c o m i n g h o m e l a t e th a t w ay wi t h a
p a il o f m il k u p o n h er h ea d h ear d s uch a r u stli n g am o n g
,

th e bu sh es t h a t sh e l et it fa ll .

I w as t aki n g a w al k in t hi s pla c e la st n i ght b etw een

th e h o u rs o f n i n e an d t en an d c o u l d n o t bu t f a n cy i t o n e
,

o f t h e m o s t p r o p er s c en es in t h e w o r l d f o r a gh ost t o

30 app ear in . Th e r ui n s o f th e a bb ey are s ca t t er ed up a n d

 O N GHOSTS A N D A PPAR I T I O N S .
27

do w n on ev ery sid e an d h alf c o v er ed with ivy an d el der

,

bush es t h e har b o ur s o f sev eral s ol itar y bir d s which sel

,

do m m ak e th eir app ear an c e til l th e du sk o f th e ev en i n g .

“
T h e pl ace w as fo r m erl y a chu r chy ar d, a n d h as s ti ll sev eral
m ar k s in i t of gra v es a n d bu ry i n g pla c es Th er e is such
-
.

an ech o a m o n
g t h e O l d r ui n s an d va u l t s, th at if yo u s ta m p
but a l ittle l o ud er th an o r di n ary, y o u h ear th e so u n d
At th e sam e ti m e th e wa lk o f el m s, with th e
“

r e eat ed
p .

cr o aki n g o f th e rav en s which fr Om t i m e to t i m e ar e h ear d

f ro m th e t o p s o f th em l o ok s e xc eedi n g so l em n an d 10
,

v en erabl e Th ese o bj ects n atu ra lly r ai se ser i o u sn ess an d

.

att en ti o n ; an d wh en n ight h ei ght en s th e a wfu l n ess o f t h e

p la c e an d p ou r s o ut h er sup er n u m er ary h o rr o rs up o n
,

ev er y thi n
g in it I do n o t a t al l w o n d er t h a t w ea k m in d s
,

fill it with sp ectr es an d ap p ar iti o n s .

M r L o ck e in h is ch ap t er o f th e A sso cia ti o n o f I d eas

.
, ,

h a s v ery cu r i o us r em ar k s t o sh ew h o w by t h e p r ejudic e
o f educ ati o n o n e id ea O ft en i n tr o duc es i n to th e m in d a
wh o l e set t ha t b ear n o r esem blan ce t o o n e an o t h er in t h e
n a tu r e o f t hi n g s A m on g sev er al ex am pl es o f t hi s ki n d 20
“ ,
.

h e p r o duc es t h e f oll owi n g i n stan c e Th e id eas o f go bli n s

.

an d sp r it es h a v e r eal ly n o m o r e t o do with d ark n ess th an

li ght : y et l et but a f o ol i sh m aid i n cu l c at e th ese O ften o n

th e m i n d o f a chil d th em th er e t o g eth er ,
i

an d ra i se
,

p ossibly h e shall n ev er b e abl e t o separat e th em agai n so

l o n g as h e l iv es ; bu t d ark n ess sh al l ev er aft er war ds br in g
wi t h it t h o se f r i ghtf ul id eas an d th ey sh al l b e s o j o in ed
, ,
”
th a t h e ca n n o m o r e b ear th e o n e t h an th e o th er .

A s I w as w al ki n g in thi s solitud e wh ere th e du sk o f ,

th e ev en i n g c on s pi r ed with s o m an y o t h er o cc as i o n s o f 3 0
t err or I o b ser ved a c o w gr a zi n g n o t far f ro m m e which
, ,

a n i m ag i n ati o n th a t w as a pt t o s tar tl e m i g h t eas i ly h av e

c o n s tr u ed i n to a bl ack h o rse with o ut an h ead : an d I d are

sa y t h e p o o r f o o t m an l o st h is wi t s up o n s o m e s uch t r ivi al
.

o cca si on .

My fr i en d S ir R o g er h as O ft en t ol d m e with a g r ea t
 28 T HE S PE CTAT O R .

d eal o f m i r th th a t a t h is fi rs t c om i n g t o h is estate h e
,

f o un d th ree p ar t s o f h is h o u se al t ogeth er u sel ess ; th a t

th e b es t r o om in it h ad t h e r epu t ati on o f b ei n g h au n t e d ,
an d by th a t m ean s w as l o ck ed up ; th a t n o i ses h ad b een

h ear d in h is l on g gal l er y s o th at h e c oul d n o t get a

,

ser v an t t o en t er it aft er e i g ht o cl o c k at th at th e
’
n i g ht ;

d o or o f o n e o f h is ch am b ers w as n ai led up b ecau se th er e ,

w en t a s tor y in th e fam il y tha t a b utler h ad f orm er ly

h an ged hi msel f in it ; an d th a t h is m o th er w h o l iv ed ,

10 t o a g r ea t ag e h ad s hut u p h a lf th e r oom s in t h e h o u se
, ,

in which eith er h er hu sba n d a son or d au ght er h ad di ed

, , , .

T h e k n i g ht s eei n g h is h abitati o n r educ ed t o s o sm all a

c o m p ass an d him self in a m an n er shut out o f h is o w n
,

h o u se u p on t h e d eath o f h is m o t h er o r der ed all th e

,

a par tm en t s t o b e fl u n g o p en an d ex o r c i sed by h is ch ap la i n
, ,

w h o l ay in ev er y ro om o n e aft er a n o th er an d by th a t ,

m ean s di ssip a t ed th ei r f ears which h a d so l o n g r ei gn ed in

th e fa m il y .

I S h o ul d n o t thu s h a v e b een p ar ticu lar up on th ese r idi

20 cu l on s h o rr o rs did n o t I fi n d th em so ver y m uch p r evai l
,

in al l p ar ts o f t h e c o u n tr y A t t h e sam e tim e I thi n k a

.

p erso n wh o is thu s t err ifi ed with th e i m agi n ati on of gh osts

a n d sp ect r es m uch m or e r easo n abl e th an o n e w h o c o n tr ary
,

t o th e r ep o r t s o f a l l hi st o r i a n s sac r ed a n d p r o f an e an ci en t ,

an d m o d er n an d t o t h e t ra d iti o n s o f al l n ati o n s thi n k s th e

, ,

a pp ear an c e o f sp i r it s f abu l o u s an d g r o u n dl ess C o ul d n o t

.

I giv e m ysel f up t o thi s general t estim on y o f m an kin d I ,

s h o u l d t o th e r el ati o n s o f p ar ticu l ar p ers o n s w h o a re n o w

l ivi n g an d wh o m I c an n o t di s t r u st in o th er m att er s o f
,

3 0 fa ct I m i ght h er e add th a t n o t o n ly th e hi st or i an s t o
.
, ,

wh o m w e m ay j o i n th e p o ets but l ik ewi se th e p hi lo so ph er s

,

o f a n ti q uity h av e f av o u r e d thi s o pi n i on Lucr etiu s h im

,
.

self th o u gh b y th e c o u r s e o f h is p hi l o s o phy h e w as o bli g ed

,

t o m a i n tai n th a t t h e s o u l did n o t exi s t s epara t e f r o m t h e

b o dy m ak es n o d o ubt of th e r ea lity o f appar iti on s an d
, ,

th at m en h av e O ft en app ear e d a f t er th ei r d ea th Thi s I .

 ON GHOSTS A N D APPAR I T I ONS .
29

thi n k v ery r em ark abl e : h e w as so p r essed with th e m atter

o f fac t which h e c o u ld n o t h av e t h e c o n fid en c e t o d en y ,

th at h e w as fo r c ed to a cc o un t f o r it by o n e of th e m ost
ab s u r d un phi l o s o phic a l n o ti o n s th at w as e v er st ar t ed He .

tells us Tha t th e s ur fac es o f all b o di es ar e p erp etu al ly

,

flyi n g o ff f ro m th ei r r esp ectiv e b o di es o n e aft er an o th er ; ,

an d th a t th ese s u r fac es o r t hi n c ases th a t i n cl ud ed each

o th er whi lst th ey w ere j o i n ed in th e b o dy l ik e th e c o a ts

o f an o n i o n ar e som eti m es
,
seen en ti re wh en th ey are

sep ar a t ed f r o m it ; by which m ean s w e o ft en b eh o ld th e

sh ap es an d sh ad o w s o f p erso n s w h o ar e eith er d ead o r

ab sen t .

V V III . SI R R O GE R A T C HUR CH .

Mo n day July
, 9 , 17 11 .
[Add iso n
A 90 vo wovs pév «9 63 1-01 Geo t s, v6|u 9 05s St dK et ra t ,
’ '
‘
. .

T t pfi .
—
Py t h ag .

First, in i t it es
'

o b ed en c e t o th y c o un ry s r ,

Worsh ip th imm o rtal G o ds

’
.

I A M al ways v ery w ell pl eased with a c o u n try Su n day an d ,

thi n k , if k eepi ng h o ly th e sev en th day w er e on ly a h u m an

i n s tituti on it w o u l d b e th e b es t m eth o d th a t c ou l d h ave
,

b een th o ught o f f o r th e p o l i shin g an d civi lizi n g o f m ankin d .

20
It is c ertain th e c o un try p eo pl e w o u l d soo n d eg en erate i n to
a ki n d o f sav ag es an d b ar b ar i an s w er e th er e n o t such f r e
,

qu en t retu rn s of a s tat ed tim e in which th e wh o l e v il lage ,

m eet t oge th er with th ei r b es t fa c es an d in th ei r c l ean l i es t ,

h abit s t o c on verse with o n e an o th er upo n i n differen t s ub

,
‘

jec ts h ear th ei r duti es expl ai n ed t o th em an d j o i n t o geth er

, ,

in a d o ra ti o n of th e S up r em e B ei n g Su n day c l ears aw ay .

th e r u s t o f th e wh ol e w eek n o t on ly as it r ef r esh es in th ei r
,

m in d s t h e n o ti o n s o f r eli gi on bu t as it put s bo th t h e s ex es
,

up on a pp ear i n g in th eir m o st agr eeabl e f o rm s an d ex er ti n g , 3 0

all such qu al iti es as a r e apt t o g iv e th em a fi gu r e in th e
 30 THE SPECTATOR .

ey e o f th e vil lage
. A c o u n try f ello w di sti n gui sh es hi m sel f
a s m uch in t h e chu r chy ar d as a citiz en d o es up on th e
,

Chan ge, th e wh o l e p ar i sh p o l itics b ei n g g en erally di scu ssed

-

in th at pl a c e eith er aft er s er m on o r b efo re th e b ell r i n gs .

My fr i en d S ir R o ger b ein g a go o d chu r ch m an h as b ea uti

, ,

fi ed th e i n s id e o f h is ch ur ch wi t h sev eral t e x t s o f h is o w n
ch o o sin g H e h as li k ewi se giv en a h an dso m e pulpit cl o th,
.
-

a n d r a i led in t h e c omm un i on tabl e at h is o w n exp en se

-
.

H e h a s o ften t o l d m e th at at h is c o m i n g t o h is es tat e h e
,

10 fo u n d h is p ar i shi o n er s v er y ir r eg u lar ; an d that in o r d er

t o m a k e th em k n eel an d j o i n in t h e resp on s es h e gav e ,

ev er y o n e o f th em a h asso ck an d a c o mm on p ray er b o o k -

an d at th e sa m e ti m e em pl oy ed a n i t i n eran t si n g i n g m ast er, -

w h o go es a b o ut t h e c o u n t ry f o r th at pu r p o se t o i n str uct ,

th em r ightly in th e tu n es of th e p sal m s ; up on which th ey

n o w v er
y m uch val u e t h em s el v es a n d i n d ee d o utd o m os t
,

o f th e c o u n t ry chu r ch es th a t I h av e ev er h ear d .

A S S ir R o ger is l an dl or d t o th e wh ol e c on gr ega ti on h e ,

k eep s th em in v ery go o d o r d er a n d wi ll suffer n o b o dy to

,

20 sl eep in it b es id es if by ch an c e h e h as b een
s u r p r i sed i n t o a r m on u p on r ec o v er in g o ut
,

o f it h e s tan d s u p an d l o o k s a b o ut h im an d if h e sees,

a n y b o dy el se n o ddi n g eith er w ak es th em hi m sel f o r sen d s

, ,

h is s er v an ts t o t h em S e v eral o th er o f th e o l d k n i ght s ’
.

p ar ticu la r i t i es br eak o ut u pon th es e o ccasi on s S o m eti m es .

h e wi l l b e l en gt h en m g o u t a v ers e in th e sin gin g p salm s,

.

h al f a m i n ute after th e r es t o f th e c o n grega ti o n h av e d on e

wi th it ; so m eti m es wh en h e is pl eased with th e m at ter o f
h is d ev o ti on h e p ro n o u n c es am en t h ree o r fo u r ti m es t o
,

3 0 th e sam e p ray er ; an d so m eti m es st an d s up wh en e ver y

b o dy el se is up o n th ei r k n ees t o co u n t th e c o n gr ega ti on
, ,

o r see if a n y o f h is t en an t s ar e m i ss i n g .

I w as y es ter d ay v ery m uch su r p ri s ed to h ear m y o ld

fr i en d in th e m ids t o f t h e ser vic e calli n g o u t t o on e J o h n
, ,

Ma tt h ew s t o m i n d wh a t h e w as ab o ut a n d n o t di s tu r b th e
,

c o n gr egati o n Thi s J o h n M a t th ew s it seem s is r em ar kabl e

.
 SI R RO GE R AT CHURCH .
3 1

fo r b ei n g idl e f el l o w an d at th a t t i m e w as kicki n g h is
an ,

h eel s f o r h is div ersi on Thi s a uth o r ity o f th e k n i ght

.
,

th ou gh e x er ted in th a t o dd m an n er which a cco m p an i es

h im in all ci r cu m stan c es o f l ife h as a v ery g o o d effect ,

u po n th e p ar i sh w h o ar e n o t p o l it e en o ug h t o see an y
, ,

thi n g r idicu lo u s in h is b eh avI Ou r ; b esid es th a t th e g en er al

go o d s en se a n d w o r thi n ess o f h is ch ar a ct er m ak e h is fr i en d s
ob ser v e th ese l itt l e s i n ul ar iti es as fo i l s t h a t r ath e / set o ff
g p
th an b lem i sh h is goo d qu al iti es .

A s so on a s th e s er m on is fi n i sh ed n o b o dy p r esu m es t o 10 ,

s ti r ti ll S ir R o g er is g o n e o u t o f t h e chu r ch T h e k n i g ht .

walk s d o wn f r o m h is sea t in th e ch an c el b etw een a dou b le

ro w o f h is t en a n t s th a t s t an d b o wi n g t o h im o n ea ch s id e
,

a n d e v er y n o w an d th en i n qui r es h o w such a n o n e s wif e

’
,

o r m o th er o r so n o r fath er do
, ,
wh o m h e d o es n o t see a t
,

chu r ch ; which is u n d er s t oo d as a secr et r ep r i m an d t o t h e

p erso n th a t is ab sen t .

“
Th e ch ap la i n h as o ft en t o l d m e th at up o n a c at echi s i n g
,

day wh en S ir R o ger h as b een p l eased with a bo y th at

,

a n s w er s w ell h e h as o r d er ed a bib l e t o b e giv en h im n e xt 20

,

day f o r h is en c o u rag em en t ; an d s o m eti m es a cc o m p an i es it

with a fl itc h o f ba c on t o h is m o th er S ir R o ger h as l ik e .

wi se a dded fi ve p ou n d s a y ear t o th e c l erk s plac e ; an d ’

th at h e m ay en co ur age th e y o u n g f el l o w s t o m ak e th em
selv es p er f ect in t h e chu r ch ser vi c e h as p r o m i sed u p o n t h e
,

d eat h o f th e p r esen t i n cu m b en t w h o is v ery o l d t o b esto w ,

it a cc o r d i n g t o m er it .

T h e f a i r u n d ers t a n di n g b etw een S ir R o g er an d h is

ch aplai n an d th ei r m utu al c o n cu rr en c e in d o i n g go o d is
, ,

t h e m o re re m ar k a bl e b ec au s e t h e v er y n ext vill a g e is 3 0
,

fam o u s f o r t h e differen c es an d c o n t en ti on s th at r i se b etw een

t h e par son a n d t h e s qui r e w h o l iv e in a p er p e tu a l s t a t e
’
,

o f w ar Th e p arso n is a lw ay s p r ea chi n g a t t h e s qui r e ’

.

a n d t h e s qui r e t o b e r ev en ed on t h e
’
a r s on n ev er c o m es
g p ,

t o ch u r ch T h e sq ui r e h a s m ad e a ll h is t en an t s a th ei s t s
.
’

an d tith e s t ea l er s ; whil e th e p ars o n i n s t r uc t s t h em e v er

y
-
 32 THE SP E CTATO R .

S u n d ay in t h e di gn ity of h is
i n si n u at es t o th em
or d er ,
an d

in al m o s t ev ery s er m on tha t h e is a b ett er m an t h an h is

,

p atr on I n sh o r t m a tt ers ar e c o m e t o s uch an e xtrem ity ;

.
,

th at t h e s qui r e h as n o t said h is p ray ers eith er in publ ic

’ ‘

o r p r iva t e thi s h a lf y ear ; an d th a t t h e p ars o n th r ea t en s

h im if h e d oes n o t m en d h is m an n ers t o p r ay f o r h im
, ,

in th e fac e o f th e wh o l e c on gr egati on .

Feuds of thi s n atur e th o u gh t o o fr equ en t in th e c o u n try

, ,

ag gg v ery fa t al t o th e o r di n a ry p eo pl e ; w h o ar e so u sed t o
b e d a zzl e d with r ich es th at th ey p ay as m uch d eferen c e
,

t o th e u n d er s ta n di n g o f a m an o f an esta te as o f a m an o f ,

l ear n i n g ; a n d ar e v ery h ar d ly b r o u ght t o r egar d an y

tr uth h o w i m p o r ta n t so ev er it m ay b e th at is p reach ed
, ,

t o th em wh en th ey k n o w th er e ar e sev er al m en o f fi ve
,

hun dr ed a y ear w h o do n ot b eli ev e it L . .

V
IX . HI S A CCOU NT O F HIS DIS A PP OI NTM E N T
IN L O V E .

NO . Tu es day Ju ly ,
10 , 17 11 .
[St eel e
H aer en t in fi x i p ec t o r e vu l t u s .
—
V irg A en iv 4
. . . .

H er l o ok s w er e deep im p rin ted in h is h eart .

IN my fi rst d es cr ip ti o n o f t h e c o m p an y in which I p ass

m os t o f m y ti m e it m ay b e r em em b er ed th a t I m en t i o n ed
, ,
i

20 a g r ea t a ffl icti o n which m y f r i en d S ir R o g er h a d m et with

in h is y o uth ; which w as n o l ess t h an a di sap p o in tm en t in

lo v e . It happ en ed thi s ev en i n g th at w e f ell i n t o a v ery ,

pl easi n g w alk a t a di s tan c e fr om h is h o u se A s so o n as

“
.

w e ca m e i n t o it It is q u o th th e go o d o l d m an l oo k i n g
”

u
ro n d h im wi t h a s m lei “, ,

v ery h ar d th a t an y p ar t o f m y
, ,
,

l an d sh o u l d b e s ettl ed u po n o n e w h o h as u s ed m e so il l
as th e p er v ers e wid o w did ; an d y et I a m s u r e I c o u ld

n o t see a sp r i g o f a n y b o u gh o f th i s wh o l e w al k o f t r ees ,

bu t I sh o uld r efl ect up o n h er an d h er sever ity Sh e h as .

30 c er ta in l y th e fi n es t h an d o f an y w o m an in th e w o r ld .
 3 4 THE SP E CTATOR .

th e bal c on i es an d wi n do w s as I r o d e t o th e h all wh er e th e
as s iz es w er e h eld B u t wh en I cam e th ere a b eautiful
.
,

c r ea tu re in a wid o w s h abit sat in c o u r t t o h ear th e ev en t

’

o f a c au s e c o n c er ni n g h er d o w er Thi s c o m m an di n g c r ea tu r e
.

(w h o was b or n f o r t h e d es tr ucti o n o f all w h o b eh ol d h er)

u t o n uch i n ti n in h er c o u n t en an c e an d b o r e th e
p s a r es
g a o ,

W hi sp er s o f al l ar o u n d th e c o u r t wi t h s uch a p r etty un easi

n ess I w arran t y o u an d th en r ec o ver ed h er self fr o m on e
, ,

ey e t o a n o th er u n ti l sh e was p er f ectl y c o n fu sed by m eet i n g

,

10 s o m ethi n
g s o wi s tf ul in all sh e en c o u n t er ed th a t a t l ast , ,

with a m u rra i n to h er sh e c as t h er b ewitchi n g ey e u p on

,

me . I n o so o n er m et it but I b o w e d l ik e a gr ea t s u r pr i se d
b oo by ; a n d k n o w i n g h er c au se t o b e th e fi rs t which cam e
on ,
I c r i ed l ik e a ca ptiv at ed c a lf as I w as
,
“ M ak e w ay ,

f or th e d ef en dan t s witn ess es ’ ”

Thi s sudd en p ar ti al ity m a de
.

al l t h e c o u n ty i m m edi a t el y see th e s h er iff al so w as b ec o m e

a s lav e t o th e fi n e wid o w Du r i n g th e ti m e h er ca u se w as
.

up on t r i al sh e b eh av e d h er sel f I w ar ran t y o u with such

, , ,

a d eep a tt en ti o n t o h er bu s i n ess t oo k o pp o r t u n iti es t o h av e

,

20 l ittl e bil l ets h an de d to h er c o u n sel t h en w o u l d b e in s uch ,

a p r etty c on fu s i o n o cc as i o n e d y o u m u s t k n o w
, b y a cti n g
, ,

b efo r e so m uch c o m pan y th a t n o t o n ly I b u t th e w h ol e

,

c o u r t w a s pr ej udic ed in h er fav o u r ; an d all th a t th e n ex t

h eir t o h er hu sban d h ad t o u r ge w as th o u g ht so gr o u n dl ess ,

an d f r iv o l o u s th at wh en it cam e to h er c o u n sel t o r eply

, ,

th ere w as n o t h alf so m uch said as ev ery o n e b esid es in

th e c o u r t th o u ght h e c o ul d h av e u r g ed t o h er a dv an tage .

Y o u m u s t u n d er stan d s ir thi s p er v ers e w o m an is o n e o f

, ,

th o se u n a cc o u n t ab l e c rea tu r es th at sec r etly rej o ic e in th e

3 0 a d m i ra t i o n o f m en but i n dul ge th em sel v es in n o far th er
,

c o n sequ en ces H en c e it is tha t sh e h as ev er h ad a train

.

o f a dm i r er s an d sh e r em o v es f r o m h er s l av es in t o w n t o
,

th ose in th e c o u n tr y a cc o r din g t o th e seaso n s o f th e y ear

, .

S h e is a r ea di n g la dy an d fa r g o n e in th e pl eas u res o f
,

fr i en dship . Sh e is a lway s a cc om pan i e d by a c o n fida n t ,

wh o is wi tn ess to h er d a ily pr o t estat i on s aga i n st our sex ,

 HI S DI S A P POI NT M E N T I N LOV E .
35

an d c o n sequ en tly a b ar t o h er fi r s t s t ep s t o w ar ds l o v e,
up on t h e str en g th o f h er o w n m a xi m s an d d ecl ar a ti o n s
“
.

H o w ev er I m u st n eed say thi s a cc o m p li sh ed m i str ess

, ,

of m i n e h as di s t in g ui s h e d m e a b o v e t h e r es t a n d h a s ,

been k n o w n t o d ecl ar e S ir R og er de C o v er l ey w as t h e
tam es t an d m o s t hu m an e o f all th e b r utes in t h e c o u n try .

I w as t o l d sh e said so by o n e w h o t h o u ght h e r all i ed

,

m e ; but up o n th e s t r en g th o f thi s s l en d er en c o u ragem en t

o f b ei n g th o u ght l eas t d e t es ta b l e I m a d e n ew l iver i es n ew , ,

p ai re d m y c o ach h o r s es sen t th em all t o to w n t o b e bitted

-
, ,

an d t au ht t o th r o w t h ei r l eg s w ell an d m o v e a l l t o g e th er
g , ,

b ef o r e I p r et en de d t o c ro ss th e co u n try an d w a i t up o n h er , .

A s so o n as I th o u ght m y r eti n u e s ui t ab l e t o t h e ch ara ct er

o f m y f o r tu n e an d y o uth I set o u t f r o m h en c e to m ak e
,

m y a dd ress es Th e par t icul ar skill o f thi s l ad y h as e v er

. ,

been t o i n fl am e y o u r wi sh es an d y et c omm an d r esp ect , .

T o m ak e h er m i s t ress o f thi s ar t sh e h as a gr eat er sh ar e ,

o f k n o wl ed g e wit an d go o d sen se th an is u su al e v en
, , ,

a m o n g m en o f m er i t Th en sh e is b ea utiful b ey o n d th e
.

ra c e o f w o m en If y o u wil l n o t l et h er g o o n with a 20
.

c er t ai n ar tific e wi t h h er ey es an d th e sk ill o f b eau ty sh e , ,

will ar m h ersel f wi t h h er r eal ch ar m s an d s t r ik e y ou with ,

ad m i ra t i o n I t is c e rt ai n th a t if y o u w er e t o b eh o l d th e
.

wh ol e w o m an th er e is th a t di g n ity in h er asp ect th a t

, ,

c o m po s ur e in h er m o ti o n t h a t c o m pl a c e n cy in h er m a n n er
, ,

th a t if h er f o rm m ak es y o u h o p e h er m er it m ak es y o u ,

f ear B u t th en agai n sh e is s uch a d esp er ate s ch o l ar

.
, ,

th a t n o c o u n t r y gen t l em an can app r o a ch h er with o ut b ei n g

-

a j es t . A s I w as go i n g t o t e ll y o u wh en I c am e t o h er ,

h o u se I w as ad m it t e d t o h er pr es en c e wi t h g r ea t civili ty ; 3 0
at t h e sam e ti m e s h e pl a c e d h erse lf t o b e fi r s t seen by
m e in s uch an a t ti t ud e a s I t hi n k y o u c all t h e p o s tu r e o f
,

a p ictu r e ,
tha t sh e di s c o v ere d n e w ch ar m s a n d I a t l ast ,

cam e t o war ds h er with s uch an aw e as m a d e m e sp eech

l ess . Thi s sh e n o so o ner o b s er v ed but sh e m a d e h er
a dv an tag e o f it an d b ega n a di s c o ur se t o m e c on c er n i n g
,
 3 6 TH E SPE CTATOR .

l o ve an d h o n o u r, as th ey b oth ar e follo w ed by p ret en d ers ,

an d th e r eal v o t ar i es t o th em W h en sh e d i s cu ssed th ese

.

p o in ts in a di s c ou rse which I v er i ly b el i ev e w as a s l ear n ed

,

as t h e b es t phi l o s o p h er in E u r o p e c o uld p o ss ibl y m ak e ,

sh e ask e d m e wh eth er sh e w a s s o h a p p y as t o fa ll in wi t h

m y sen ti m en ts o n th ese i m p o r ta n t p ar ticu lar s H er c o n .

fidan t sat by h er a n d up on m y b e i n g in th e la st c o n fu s i o n
,

an d s i l en c e thi s m al ici o u s a id o f h er s tu r n i n g t o h er s ay s,
,

I am v ery gl ad t o o bser v e Sir R o ger p a u ses up o n thi s

10 s ubj ect an d s eem s r eso l v e d t o d eliv er a ll h is s en ti m en ts
,

up o n t h e m att er wh en h e p l eases to sp ea k Th ey b o th .

k ept th ei r c o u n ten an ces an d af t er I h ad sat h al f an h o u r

,

m edi ta ti n g h o w t o b eh a v e b ef o r e such p r ofo u n d ca sui sts I ,

r ose up an d t o o k m y l ea v e Cha n c e h a s si n c e th a t ti m e
.

th ro w n m e v ery o ften in h er w ay an d sh e as o ft en h as ,

di r ected a di s c o ur se t o m e which I do n o t u n ders tan d .

Thi s bar bar ity h as k ept m e ev er at a di s tan c e fro m th e

m os t b ea utifu l o bj ect my ey es ev er b eh el d It is thu s .

al s o sh e d ea l s with a l l m an ki n d a n d y o u m u s t m ak e l o v e
,

20 t o h er as y o u w o u l d c o n qu er t h e Sph y n x by p o si n g h er
, , .

B ut w er e sh e lik e o th er w o m en an d th a t th er e w er e a n y
,

ta lki n g to h er h o w c on stan t m u st th e pl easu re o f th at

,

m an b e w h o w o u l d c o n v er se with a c r ea tu r e B u t aft er
,
—
,

all, y o u m ay b e su r e h er h ear t is fix e d o n so m e o n e o r

o th er an d y et I h av e b e en c re dib ly i n fo r m e d ; but w h o

can beli ev e h a lf th a t is sa id ! a ft er s h e h a d d o n e sp eaki n

g
t o m e s h e p u t h er h an d t o h er b o s om an d a dju s t e d h er
, ,

tuck er Th en sh e c as t h er ey es a littl e d o w n up o n m y
.
,

b eh o l di n g h er t oo earn estl y Th ey say sh e sin gs e xc el

.

3 0 1 en tl y : h er v o ic e in h er o r din ary sp eech h a s so m e thi n

g in
i t i n e xpr essi bl y sw eet Y o u m u s t kn o w I di n ed with h er
.

at a public t a bl e t h e day a f t er I fi rs t saw h er a n d sh e ,

h el ped m e to som e tan sy in th e ey e o f all th e gen tl em en

i n t h e c o u n tr y S h e h as c er ta i n l y th e fi n est ha n d of a n y
.

w o m an in th e w o rl d I c an assur e y o u sir w er e y ou to
.
, ,

b eh o l d h er y o u w o uld b e in th e sam e c on diti on ; f o r as

,
 HI S D I SAPPO INTMENT I N LOV E . 3 7

h er p eech is m u s ic h er fo r m is an g el i c B ut I fi n d I
s , .

g r o w i rr eg u lar whi l e I am t al kin g o f h er ; but i n d eed it

w o uld b e s tupidity t o b e u n c o n cer n ed a t such p er fecti on .

Oh t h e exc el l en t c r ea tu r e ! sh e is as i n i m itabl e t o all

”
w om en as sh e is in acc essib l e t o all m e n
,
.

I f o u n d m y f r i en d b eg i n t o ra v e an d i n sen sibly l ed ,

h im t o w ar d s th e h o u s e th a t w e m i ght b e j o i n e d by s o m e
,

o th er c o m p an y ; an d a m c o n vi n c e d th a t t h e wid o w is t h e

sec r et c a u s e o f all th a t i n c on si st en cy which a pp ear s in

s o m e p ar t s o f m
y f r i en d s di s c o u r se ; th o u gh h e h as so
’
10
m uch c o mm a n d o f hi m sel f as n o t di r ectly t o m e n t i on h er , ,

y et a cc o r din g t o th a t o f M ar ti a l which o n e k n o w s n o t ,

h Ow t o r en d er i n t o E n gl i s h dum ta cet h a nc l oqu itur I ,

.

sh a l l en d t hi s p ap er with th a t wh o l e e pi g r a m which r epr e ,

s en t s wi t h m uch hu m o u r m y h o n es t f r i en d s c o n diti on
’

Q uic qu i d agi t Ruf us n ih il est n isi Naevia Ru f o

, , ,

S i ga u det si fl et si tac et h a n c l o qu it ur
, , ,

C oen at p ro p in at p o sc it n egat an n u it u n a es t
, , , , ,

N aevia ; si n o n sit N aevia m ut us c ri t , .

S c r iber et h ester n a p atr i c um Iu ce sal utem ,

Naevia l ux in q uit N aevia n u m en a ve

, ,
Ep ig i , .
—
. .

L et Rufus w eep r ej o ic e st an d sit o r w al k

, , , , ,

Still h e c an n o th i n g bu t o f N aevi a t al k
L e t h im eat dr i n k a sk qu est i o n s o r di sp ut e
, , , ,

S til l h e m u st sp eak o f N aevia o r be m ut e ,

.

H e w r it t o h is f ath er en di n g w it h t h i s lin e, ,

I am m y l ovel y N aevia ever th in e

, , .

X . O N TH E S HAM E A N D FE A R O F PO V E RT Y
No . W ed n esd ay Ju ly , 11, 17 11 .
[ St eel e

H o r 1Ep xviii
'

Paup er tatis p u do r et f ug a .
—
. . . 24 .

Th e dr ead o f n o th n g i m ore
Th an t o b e t h o ugh t n ec e s s it ou s a n d p o or .
—
Po o l y .

E C ONO MY in o u r a ffai r s h as th e sam e effec t up o n o ur fo r tu n es

which go o d b r eedi n g h as up o n o u r c o n v er sat i o n Th ere is
-
.
 38 T HE SPECTATOR .

a p r eten di n g b ehavi o u r in bo th cas es which i n stea d of ,

m aki n g m en es t eem ed r en d er s th em b o th m i s era bl e an d

,

c on tem p t ibl e W e h ad y es t erd ay a t S ir R og er s a set o f

.
’

co un tr y g en tl em en w h o di n e d with h im : and a ft er di n n er
th e g l a s s w as t ak en by th o se w h o p l eas ed p r et ty p l en tifu l l y
, ,
.

A m o n g o th ers I o b ser ve d a p erson o f a t o l erabl e g oo d a s pect ,

wh o seem ed t o b e m o re g r eedy o f li q u o r th an a n y o f th e
c o m pan y an d y et m eth o u ght h e did n o t tas te i t with d eli ght
,
.

A s h e g r ew w ar m h e w a s s u s p ici o u s o f e v er y thi n g t h a t
,

10 w a s sa id an d as h e a d va n c ed t o w a r d s b e i n g fudd l ed h is
, ,

hu m o u r g r ew w o r s e At th e sam e t i m e h is bitt er n ess

.

seem e d t o b e r at h e r an i n w ar d di ssa t isfa cti o n in h is o w n

m i n d th an a ny di s lik e h e h a d t ak en t o t h e c o m p an y
, Up o n .

h ear i n g h is n am e I k n ew h im to b e a g en tl em an o f a c o n
,

s iderabl e f o r tu n e in thi s c o u n ty but

gr eat l y i n d eb t ,
W ha t .

g iv es th e u n h a ppy m a n thi s p eevi sh n ess o f s pi r it is tha t ,

h is es ta t e is cl i pp ed an d is ea ti n g o u t with u s u r v
,
an d

y et h e h a s n o t t h e h ea r t t o s ell a n y par t o f i t H i s p ro ud .

s t o m a ch a t t h e c os t o f r est l es s n i ght s c o n s t an t i n qui e tud es

, , ,

20 d a n g er o f aff ro n t s an d a th o u san d n am el es s i n c o n v en i en ci es
, ,

p r eser v es thi s can k er in h is f o r t u n e r a th er th an it sh all b e ,

sa id h e is a m a n o f f ew er hu n d r e d s a y ear th an h e h as

b een c o m m o n ly r ep uted Thu s h e en du r es th e tor m en t o f

.

o ver ty t o a v o id t h e n am e o f b ei n g l ess r ich If y ou go

p ,
.

t o h is h o u se y o u see g r ea t pl en ty ; but ser v e d in a m an n er

,

th a t sh ew s it is all u nn a tu ra l an d th a t th e m as t er s m i n d
,
’

is n o t a t h o m e Th er e is a c er tai n w as t e an d carel essn ess

.

in th e a ir o f e ver y thi n g a n d t h e wh o l e a p p ear s but a

,

c ov er ed i n di g en c e a m ag n ifice n t p o v er ty Th a t n ea tn ess
, .

3 0 an d ch eer f ul n ess which a tt en d s t h e ta bl e o f h im w h o l iv es

wi t hi n c o m pass is w an t i n g an d exch an ge d f o r a lib er tin e
, ,

w ay o f s er v i c e 111 all ab o u t h im .

Thi s g en t l em a n s c o n duc t t h o u gh a v ery c o m m on w ay o f

’
,

m a n ag em en t is as r idicu l o u s as th a t O ffic er s w o uld b e

’
, ,

w h o h ad but f ew m en u n d er h is c o m m a n d an d sh o u l d ,

t ak e t h e ch ar ge of an ex t en t o f co un tr y ra th er th an o f a
 ON THE SHAME AND FEAR O F P O V ERTY . 39

s m a ll p ass T o pay f o r p erso n a te an d k eep in a m an s ’

,
.
,

h an d s a gr ea ter es t a t e th an h e r eally h as is o f al l o th ers

, ,

th e m os t u n p ar d o n a b l e v a n ity a n d m u s t in th e en d r educ e
,

th e m an w h o is g ui l ty O f it t o d i s h o n o u r Y et if w e l o o k .

ro u n d u s in an y c o u n ty o f G rea t B r ita i n w e sh a ll see -

,

m an y in thi s fa t al err o r ; if th a t m ay b e ca ll ed by s o so f t
a n am e ,
which p r o c eed s f r o m a fal s e sh am e o f ap pear i n g
wh at th ey r eal ly ar e wh en th e c on trary b eh avi o u r w o u l d
,

in a sh o r t ti m e a dv an c e th em t o t h e c o n diti on w hich th ey
pr et en d t o .

L aer tes h as fift een hu n dr ed p o u n d s a y ear ; which is

m or tgaged f o r six th o u san d p o u n d s ; but it is i m p o ss ibl e
t o c o n vi n c e h im th a t if h e so l d as m u c h as w o u l d pay o ff
,

th a t d ebt h e w o uld sa v e f o ur shi ll in gs in th e p o un d which

, ,

h e g iv es f o r t h e v an i ty o f b ei n g t h e r eput e d m ast er o f it .

Yet if L a er tes did thi s h e w o uld p er h ap s b e easi er in h is

,

o w n f o r tu n e ; but th en I r us a f el l o w o f y es t er d ay
,
wh o ,

h as but t w el v e hu n d r e d a y ear w o uld b e h is e qu a l ,

.

L aer tes an d Ir u s a r e n ei ghbo u rs wh o se w ay o f l ivi ng ,

a r e a n a b o m i n a ti o n t o ea ch o th er I r u s is m o v e d by th e
.
20
f ear o f po v er ty an d L aer tes by th e sham e o f it Th o ugh
,
.

t h e m o tiv e o f acti o n is o f s o n ear affi n i ty in b ot h a n d

m ay b e reso lve d i n t o thi s “ th a t t o ea ch o f th em p o v er ty
,
,

is t h e gr eat est o f al l evi l s ”

y et ar e th ei r m an n er s wid ely
,

differ en t . Sh am e o f p o v er ty m ak es Laer t es l a u n ch i n to
u n n ec essary e quipage va i n exp en se a n d l avi sh en t er ta i n
, ,

m en t s . F ear o f p o v er ty m ak es I r u s allo w hi m self o n ly

p la i n n ec essa r i es app ear with o ut a ser v an t sell h is o w n
, ,

c or n a tt en d h is l ab o u r er s a n d b e hi m s e lf a l ab o u r er
, ,
.

Sh a m e o f p o v er ty m ak es L aer t es g o ev ery day a s t ep 3 0

n earer t o i t : a n d f ear o f p o v er ty s ti r s u p I r u s t o m ak e

ev ery day so m e fu r th er p r o g r ess f r o m it .

Th ese differ en t m o ti ves pr o duc e t h e e xc ess es which m en

ar e ui l t o f i n t h e n eg li g e n c e o f a n d p ro vi s i o n f o r th e m
g y
s elv es . U su r y s to ck j o bbi n g e xt o r ti o n an d O ppr ess i o n
,
-
, , , b
h av e th ei r s ee d in th e d r ea d o f w a n t ; a n d v an i ty r i o t , ,
 40 T HE SPE CTAT OR .

an d p r o di gality fr om th e sh am e of it ; but b o th th ese

,

e xc ess es are i n fi n it e ly b e l o w t h e pu r s uit o f a r eason ab l e

c reatu re Aft er w e h av e tak en c ar e t o c o mm an d so m uch

.

as is n e c es sary f or m a i n t a i n in g o u r selv es in t h e o r d er o f

m en s ui t ab l e t o o u r ch ar act er t h e c ar e o f s up er fl u ities is
,

a vic e n o l ess e xt rav agan t th an th e n egl ect o f n ec essar i es

,

w o ul d ha ve b een b efo r e .

C er tai n it is t ha t th ey ar e b o th o ut of n atu r e wh en
, ,

s h e is f o l l o w e d wi t h r eason an d g o o d sen se I t is fr om .

10 thi s r efl ecti on th a t I a lw ay s r ead M r C o wl ey with th e .

g reat es t p l easu r e H is m a gn an i m i ty is as m uch a b o v e th at

.

o f o t h er c o n s id er abl e m en a s h is u n d erst an di n
, g ; an d it is
a t r u e di s ti n g ui shi n g spi r it in t h e el eg an t a uth o r w h o
p ub
lish ed h is w or k s t o dw ell s o m uch up on t h e tem p er o f h is
,

m in d an d th e m o d er a t i o n o f h is d esi r es B y t hi s m ea n s
.

h e h as r en d er ed h is f r i en d as am i ab l e as fam o u s Th at .

s t at e o f lif e which b ea r s th e f a c e of p o v e r ty with M r .

Co wl ey s g r ea t vul gar is ad m i r a bl y d escr ib ed ; an d it is

’
,

n o sm all sa ti sfa cti o n t o th o se o f t h e sam e tu r n o f d esi r e

,

20 th a t h e p ro duc es t h e auth o r ity of th e wi ses t m en o f th e

bes t age o f th e w o r ld t o s t r en gth en h is Op i n i o n of th e
,

o r di n a r y pu rsuit s o f m a n k i n d .

It w o uld m ethin k s b e n o ill m axim o f l ife if a cco r din g , ,

t o t h a t an c est o r o f S ir R o ger wh o m I l at ely m en ti o n e d

, ,

ev ery m an w o uld p o i n t t o hi m self wh a t su m h e w o uld

r es o l v e n o t t o exc ee d .H e m i ght by thi s m ean s ch ea t

hi m self i n t o a t r an q uilli ty o n thi s s id e o f th a t e xp ectati on ,

o r c o n v er t wh a t h e sh o uld g e t a b o v e it t o n o bl er u ses th an

h is o w n pl easu r es o r n ec ess i ti es Thi s tem p er o f m i n d

.

3 0 w o u l d e x em pt a m an fr o m an i gn o ran t en vy o f r estless
m en a b o v e h im a n d a m o r e i n excu sa bl e c o n t em pt o f h appy
,

m en b el o w h im . Thi s w o uld b e saili n g by so m e c om p ass ,

livi n g wi t h so m e d esig n ; bu t t o b e e t er n ally b ewil d er ed

in p ro sp ec t s o f f ut u r e ga i n a n d pu t ti n g on u n n e c es sary
,

ar m o u r aga i n s t i m p r o b abl e bl o w s o f fo r tu n e is a m echan ic ,

b e in g w h ich h as n o t go o d sen se f o r its di r ecti o n but is ,

 42 TH E SPECTATO R

l ig a tu re which is a c o m p o s i t i o n o f fib res th a t ar e so m an y ,

im pe r c eptib l e tub es o r pi pes i n t er wo v en o n al l si des with

i n vi sibl e glan ds o r s tr ai n er s .

Thi s g en er a l id ea o f a hu m an b o dy wi th o u t c o n sid er i n g
,

i t in th e n ic e t i es o f an a t o m
y l ets u s s ee h o w a b s o lu t ely
,

n ec essar
y l a b o u r is f o r th e r i ght p r eser vati on o f it Th er e .

m u s t b e f r equ en t m o ti o n s an d a g ita ti o n s t o m ix diges t , , ,

an d sep ar at e t h e j uic es c o n t a i n ed in it as w el l as t o c l ear

,

a n d c l ean s e th a t in fi n itu de o f pip es an d s t r ai n er s o f which

10 i t is c o m p osed an d t o gi ve th ei r so lid par ts a m o r e fi rm an d

,

l as ti n g to n e L ab o u r o r ex er ci se f er m en ts th e hu m o u rs
.
,

c asts th em i n t o t h ei r p ro p er ch an n els th ro w s o fl r edu n d

'

an c ies ,
and h el ps n atu re in th os e sec r et di st r ibuti o n s ,

with o ut which th e b o dy can n o t s ub si st in it s vi go u r n or ,

th e so u l ac t with ch eer ful n ess .

I m i g ht h er e m en ti o n t h e eff ect s which t hi s h as up o n

a l l t h e fa cu l t i es o f t h e m i n d by k eep in g th e u n d er st an d
,

in g cl ea r t h e i m a gi n a ti o n u n t r o ub l ed an d r efi n i n g t h os e
, ,

sp i r it s t h at ar e n e c essary f o r th e p r o p er ex er ti o n o f o u r

20 i n t ell ectual fa culti es du r i n g th e p r esen t l aw s o f u n i o n

,

b et w een so ul an d b o dy It is t o a n eg l ect in thi s par

.

t ic ular th a t w e m u s t as c r ib e th e spl een which is so ,

fr eq u e n t in m en o f s tudi o u s an d sed en tar y tem p ers as ,

w el l as t h e va p o u r s t o which th o s e of th e o th er sex a r e
s o o f t e n s ubj e c t .

H a d n o t e x er ci s e b een ab so lutel y n ec essary f o r o u r w ell

b ein g n a t u r e w o u l d n o t h a v e m ad e th e b o dy so p r o p er
,

f o r i t by g ivi n g s uch an a c t ivity t o th e l i m b s a n d such

, ,

a pli an cy t o e v er y p ar t a s n ec essar il y p r o duc e th o s e c o m

30 pr ess i o n s ex t en s i on s c o n t o r t i o n s dil a t a t i on s an d a l l o th er
, , , ,

k i n d s o f m o t i o n s th a t a r e n ec ess ary f o r t h e p r es er va t i o n
o f s uch a sy s t e m o f t ub es a n d g l an d s a s h as b een b ef or e

m en ti o n ed .A n d t h a t w e m i g h t n o t w an t i n duc em en t s t o
en ga g e u s in s uch a n e x er ci s e o f t h e b o d y as is p r o p er f or

it s w elfar e it is so o r d er e d th a t n o t hi n g val u abl e ca n b e

,

p ro cu r ed with o ut i t N o t to m en ti on r ich es an d h on o u r
.
,
 LA B O UR A N D EXERC I S E . 43

e v en fo o d an d r ai m en t ar e n o t t o b e c om e at w ith o ut th e
to i l o f th e h an d s an d sw eat o f th e br o w s P r o vid en c e .

fu rn i sh es m a t er i al s but exp ects th at w e sh o ul d w o r k th em

,

up o u rsel v es T h e ear th m u st b e l a b o u r ed bef o r e it gives

.

its i n c rease an d wh en i t is f or c e d i n to its s ev era l p r o duc ts

, ,

h o w m a n y b a n ds m u s t th ey p as s th r o u g h b efo r e th ey a r e
fit f o r u se M a n ufa ctu res tr a d e an d agr icu l tu r e n atu rally
, , ,

em pl o y m o re th a n n i n e t een p ar t s o f t h e sp e ci es in tw en ty

a n d as f o r th o se w h o ar e n o t o b l i e d t o la b o u r
g by t h e ,

c o n di t i o n in which th ey ar e b o r n th ey ar e m o r e m i serabl e 10
,

th an th e r es t o f m an ki n d u n l ess th ey i n du l g e th em selves
,

in tha t v o lu n ta ry l ab o ur which g o es by t h e n am e o f ex er ci se .

My fr i en d Sir R o ger h as b een an i n d efa ti gabl e m an in

bu s i n ess o f thi s ki n d an d h as hu n g sever a l p ar t s o f h is
,

h o u se with th e tr o phi es o f h is fo rm er lab o ur s Th e walls .

o f h is g r ea t hall ar e c o v ere d with t h e h o r n s o f sev e ral

ki n d s of deer th at h e h as ki ll ed in th e ch a c e which h e
.

t hi n k s t h e m o st v a lua bl e fur n itu r e o f h is h o u se as th ey ,

aff o r d h im f r e qu en t t o pic s o f di s c o u rs e an d sh ew t h a t h e ,

h a s n o t b een idl e .A t t h e l o w er en d o f th e ha l l is a 20
la r ge o tt er s sk i n s tuffed wi t h h ay which h is m o th er
’
,

o r d ere d t o b e hu n g u p in t h a t m an n er an d t h e k n i ght

\
,

l o o k s u po n with gr ea t s ati s fa cti o n b e c a u s e it s ee m s h e

,

w a s but n i n e year s o l d w h en h is dog kill ed h im A l ittl e .

r oo m a dj o i n i n t o t h e h all is a ki n d o f a r s en al fill e d wi t h
g
gu n s o f se v eral s iz es a n d i n v en ti o n s with which t h e k n i ght
,

h as m a d e g rea t h a v o c in t h e w o o d s an d d es t r oy ed m a n y
,

th o u san ds o f ph easan ts pa r tr id ges an d w o o dc o ck s H is

, ,
.

s t ab l e d o o rs a r e p a tch e d wi t h n o ses th a t b el o n g e d t o f o x es
-

o f t h e k n i g ht s o w n hu n ti n g d o w n Sir R o g er sh ew e d m e 3 0
’
.

on e of t h em th at f o r di sti n cti o n sak e h as a b rass n ai l

s t r uck th r o u gh i t which c os t h im ab o ut fift een h o u rs
,
’

r idi n g
,
car r i e d h im t h r o u gh h alf a d o zen c o u n ti es ,

kill ed h im a b r a c e o f geldi n gs an d l o s t ab o ve h a lf,

h is d o g s. Thi s th e k n i ght l o o k s up o n as o n e O f th e
great es t e xpl o its o f h is lif e T h e p er vers e wid o w wh o m
.
,
 44 THE S PE CTATOR .

I h av e g iv en som e a cc o u n t o f, w as t h e d eath of se v eral

fo x es ; f o r Sir R o g er h as t ol d m e th at in t h e c o u r s e o f _

h is am o u rs he
p atch ed th e w est er n d oo r o f h is st abl e .

W h en ev er th e wid o w w as c r u el th e fo x es w er e su r e to
,

pay f o r it I n pr o p o r ti o n as h is p assi o n f o r th e wi d o w
.

a b a t ed an d o l d a e c a m e o n h e l eft o ff f o x hu n tin g ; b u t
g
-
,

a b a r e is n o t
y et saf e th a t s its withi n t en m il es o f h is
h o u se.

Th er e is n o ki n d of ex er ci se which I w o ul d so r eco m
10 m en d t o m y rea d ers o f b o th sex es as thi s o f r idi n g as ,

th er e is no n e which so m uch c on duces t o h eal th an d is ,

ev ery w ay a cc o m m o d a t ed t o t h e b o dy a cc o r di n
g t o th e id ea
,

which I h a v e g iven o f it D o ct or S y d en h am is v er y l avi sh

.

in it s p ra i ses ; a n d if th e E n gli s h r ea d er will see th e

m ech an ic al effect s o f it d es c r ib ed a t l en g th h e m ay fi n d ,

th em in a b oo k publi sh ed n o t m an y y ear s si n c e un d er th e ,

titl e o f t h e M edicin al Gy mn astica Fo r m y o w n p ar t wh en

. .
,

I am in t o wn f o r w an t of th ese o pp o r tu n iti es I ex er ci se
, ,

m y s elf an h o u r e v er y m o r n i n g u p o n a du m b b ell th a t is
20 p l a c ed in a c or n er o f m y r o om an d it p l eases m e th e m or e
,

b ec au se it d o es ev er y thi n g I r equi r e o f it in th e m ost

p ro f o u n d s i len c e M y l an dla dy an d h er dau ght er s ar e so
.

w el l acqu a i n t ed with m y h o u r s o f e x er ci se th a t t h ey n ev er ,

c o m e i n to m y r o om t o di s tu r b m e w h il s t I am r i n gi n g .

W h en I w as so m e y ear s y o u n g er t han I a m at p resen t ,

I u s ed t o em p l oy m y self in a m o r e l ab o r i o u s div er si o n ,

which I l ea r n e d f r o m a L a ti n trea ti se o f ex er ci ses th a t is

w r i tt en wi t h g r ea t er udi t i o n : I t is t h er e cal l ed th e
o x t o p uxta o r t h e fi g hti n g with a m an s o w n sh a d o w a n d
' ’
, ,

30 c o n si sts in th e b r an di sh i n g o f t w o sh o r t stick s gr asp ed in

ea ch h an d a n d l oa d en with plu s o f l ea d a t e i t h er en d
, g .

Thi s o p en s th e ch es t ex er ci ses th e li m b s an d g iv es a m an
, ,

al l t h e p l eas u r e o f b o xi n g wi t h o ut t h e b l o w s I c o uld
,
.

wi sh th a t severa l l ear n e d m en w ou l d lay o u t th at ti m e

which th ey em p l oy in c on t r o v er si es an d di sputes abo ut
n o th i n g in thi s m e th o d o f fi g h t i n g w ith th ei r o w n sh a d o w s
,
.
 LAB OUR A ND EX ERC I SE .
45

It m i ght c o n duce v ery m uch to eva p o rat e t h e spl een which ,

m ak es th em u n easy t o th e pub l ic as w ell as t o th e ms elv es .

T o c o n c l ud e a s I a m a c om p o un d o f so u l an d b o dy I
, ,

c on sid er m y self as o bli ged t o a d o ubl e sch em e o f duti es ;

a n d thi n k I h a v e n o t ful fille d t h e bu s i n ess o f t h e day

wh en I do n o t thu s em pl o y t h e o n e in l ab o u r an d ex er ci se ,

a s w el l as th e o th er in stud y an d c o n t em pl a ti o n L . .

XII . A HU N T ING S CE N E W I TH SI R R O G ER .

No . F r id ay July ,
13 , 17 11.
[B u dgel L
V o c at
in genti c l a m o r e C ith aero n ,

T aygetiqu e c an es V ir g Georg iii 43

.
—
. . . .

Th e e ch o in g h ills an d c h i din g h o un ds invite .

T HO S E w h o h av e s ear ch ed in to hu m an n atu r e o b ser ve th at

n o thi n g so m uch s h ew s t h e n o b l en es s o f t h e so u l as th a t ,

its f elicity c o n s i s t s in a cti o n Ev ery m an h as s uch an

.

a ctiv e p r i n cipl e in h im th at h e will fi n d o u t so m ethi n g

,

t o em p l o y hi m sel f u p o n in wh a t ev er pl a c e o r s tat e o f l if e
,

h e is p o s t e d . I h a ve h ear d o f a g en tl em an w h o w as u n d er
cl ose c o n fi n em en t in t h e B as ti le sev en y ears ; du r in g which
t i m e b e am u sed him sel f in s catt er i n g a f ew sm al l pi n s
a b o ut h is ch a m b er ga th er i n g th em up a gai n an d pla ci n g
, ,

th em in di ffer en t fi g ur es o n th e ar m o f a great ch ai r H e 20 .

o ft en t o ld h is f r i en d s a f t er w ar d s th a t u n l ess h e h ad f o u n d
,

o u t thi s p i e c e o f ex er ci se h e v er il y b eli ev ed h e sh o u l d
,

h av e l o st h is sen ses .

Aft er wh a t h as b een sa id I n eed n o t i n fo r m m y r eaders

, ,

th a t S ir R o g er with wh o se ch ara ct er I h o p e th ey ar e at
,

p r esen t p re t ty w ell a cqu a i n t ed h as in h is y o uth go n e ,

th r o u gh th e wh o l e c o u rse o f th o se r u ral div ers i o n s which

th e c o u n try ab o u n d s in ; an d which s eem s t o b e e xt r em ely
w ell s uited t o th a t l ab or i o u s i n du stry a m an m ay o bser ve
h er e i n a f ar gr ea t er d egr ee th an in t o wn s an d citi es I 3 0
‘

h av e b efo r e hi n ted at so m e o f m y f r i en d s explo its : h e ’

 46 THE SPECTATO R .

h as in h is y o uthfu l d ay s t ak en fo r ty c o v ey s o f p ar t rid ges

in a s ea so n ; a n d ti r ed m a n y a sa l m o n with a li n e c o n s i s t

in g but o f a s i n gl e h a i r Th e c o n s tan t t h an k s an d go o d
.

wi sh es o f th e n ei ghb o u r h o o d al w ay s a t t en d ed h im o n ,

a cc o u n t o f h is r em ar k a bl e en m ity t o w a r d s f o x es ; h avi n g

d est roy e d m o r e o f th o se v er m i n in o n e y ear th an it w as ,

th o u ght th e wh o l e c o un tr y c o u l d hav e p r o d u c ed I n d eed .

th e k n i ght d o es n o t s c r up l e t o o w n am o n g h is m o s t
i n ti m a t e f r i en d s th a t in o rd er t o est abli sh h is r eputati o n
,

10 thi s w ay h e h as sec r e tly s en t f o r g rea t n u m b ers o f th em

,

o u t o f o th er c o u n ti es which h e u se d t o t u rn l o ose ab o ut
,

th e c o u n try by n i ght t h a t h e m i g ht t h e b ett er s i g na liz e

,

hi m self in t h e i r d est r uc t i on th e n ext day H is hu n tin g .

h o rses w er e th e fi n est an d b es t m an ag ed in al l th ese par ts .

H is t en an t s ar e s ti ll fu l l o f th e p ra i s es o f a grey s t o n e
h ar se th a t u n h ap p il y stak ed hi m sel f sev eral y ears si n c e ,

a n d w as bu r i e d wi t h
g rea t so l em n ity in th e o r ch a r d .

S ir R o g er b ei n g at p r es en t t oo o l d f o r f o x hu n ti n g t o
,
-
,

k eep hi m sel f in a cti o n h as di s po sed o f h is b eag l es a n d g o t

,

20 a p a ck o f s t o p h o u n d s-
W h a t th es e w an t in s peed h e
.
, .

en d eav o u rs t o m ak e a m en d s f o r b y t h e d eep n ess o f t h ei r

m o uth s an d th e v a r i ety o f t h ei r n o t es which a r e suite d in ,

such m an n e r t o ea ch o th e r th a t t h e wh o l e c ry m a k es u p a
,

c o m p l et e c o n c er t H e is so n ic e in this par t icu l ar th at a

.
,

en t l em an h a vi n g m ade h i m a p r esen t of a v er y fi n e
g
h o u n d th e o th er day t h e k n i ght r etu rn ed it b y th e ser v an t
,

wi t h a gr ea t m an y e xp ressi o n s o f civility ; bu t d es i r ed
h im t o t ell h is m as t er th a t th e do g h e h a d sen t w as
,

i n d eed a m o st e xc ell en t bas s but th a t at pr esen t h e o n ly

,

3 0 w an t e d a c o u n t er t en o r C o u l d I b eli ev e m y fr i en d h a d
-
.

ev er r ea d S h a k sp ea r e I S h o u l d c er t ai n l y c o n c l ud e h e h a d
,

t ak en th e hi n t f r o m Th eseu s in th e Mid s um m er N i g ht s ’

D r eam
M y h o u n ds a re b r ed th e Sp ar an kin d,
o ut of t
san de d ; a n d th eir h ea d s are h u n g
’
S o fl u d, so

W ith c a rs t t S
ha weep aw ay t h e m o r n n g de w, i
 A HUNT I N G SC E NE W I T H S IR R O GE R .
47

C r o o k kn ee d
-
’
an d dew -
l ap d lik e
’
T h essal ian bu ll s,
S l o w in p u r su it, bu t m a t c h d in m o u t h s li k e b ell s,
’

E ac h un der ea c h A c ry m or e t un ea bl e
.

W as n ever h al l o o d to n o r c h eer d with h o rn

’ ’
, .

Sir R o g er is so k een at thi s S p o r t tha t h e h as b een ,

o u t a l m o s t e v er
y day si n c e I c am e d o w n ; an d up o n t h e
chap la i n s o ffer i n g t o l en d m e h is easy pad I w as pre va il ed
’

on y est er d ay m o r n i n g t o m ak e o n e o f th e c o m pan y I .

w as ext rem ely p l eas ed as w e r id a l o n g t o o b ser v e th e

, ,

g en er a l b en ev o l en c e o f all t h e n ei hb o u r h o o d
g t o w a r d s m y 10 ,

fr i en d Th e far m er s son s th o ught th em selv es h a ppy if

.
’

th ey c o ul d o p e n a gat e f o r th e go o d o l d k n i ght as h e p assed

by ; which h e ge n er a ll y r equ it e d wi t h a n o d o r a sm i l e,
an d a ki n d i n qui r y aft er th ei r f a th er s o r u n c l es .

Aft er w e h ad r id ab o u t a m il e fro m h om e w e cam e ,

up on a l arge h eath an d th e sp o r ts m en b egan t o b ea t

,
.

Th ey h ad d o ne s o fo r so m e ti m e wh en a s I w as at a , ,

l ittl e di s ta n c e f ro m th e r es t o f th e c o m pa n y I sa w a ha re ,

pop o u t f r o m a s m a l l fu r z e b r ak e a l m o s t u n d er m y
—

h o r se s f eet I m ar k ed th e w ay sh e t o o k which I en 20
’
.
,
'

dea vo ur ed t o m ak e th e c o m p an y s en sibl e o f by e x t en di n g
m y ar m ; but t o n o pu r p o se ti ll S ir R o g er w h o k n o w s , ,

th at n o n e o f m y extra o r di n ar y m o ti o n s ar e i n s i gn ifican t ,

r o d e u p t o m e a n d ask e d m e if p u ss w as g o n e t h a t w ay ?
, ,

U p o n m y an swer in g y es h e i m m edia t ely c a ll e d in th e

, ,

d ogs a n d put th em up on th e s c en t A s t h ey w e re g o i n g
,
.

o ff I h ear d o n e o f t h e c o u n t ry f el l o w s m utt er i n g t o h is
“
-
,

c o m p an i o n th a t tw as a w o n d er t h ey h ad n o t l o s t a ll
,
’

th ei r sp o r t f o r w an t o f th e s il en t g en tl em an s c r y i n g ’

S t o l e a w ay .

Thi s with m y a v er si o n t o l eap i n g h e dges m a d e m e

, ,

wi thd ra w t o a r i s in g gr o u n d fr o m wh en c e I c o uld h a v e ,

t h e p l ea s u r e o f t h e wh o l e ch ac e wi t h o ut t h e f a ti g u e o f ,

k eep i n g in with th e h o u n d s T h e h ar e i m m ediat ely th r e w .

th em a b out a m il e b ehi n d h er ; but I was pl eased to fi n d ,

’
th at i n stea d o f r u n n i n g s trai g ht fo r war ds o r in hun t er s ,
 48 T HE SPECTATOR .

l an g u age, “
fly i co u n t r y , as I w as afr aid sh e m i ght
n
g th e
h a v e d o n e sh e wh eel ed ab o ut an d d escr ib ed a sor t of a
, ,

ci r cl e r o u n d th e hi ll wh er e I h ad tak en m y stati on in ,

s uch a m an n er a s ga v e m e a v ery di s ti n ct vi e w o f
t h e sp o r t I c o u l d see h er fi rs t p ass by an d th e d o gs
.
,

so m e ti m e aft er w ar d s u n r a v e lli n
g th e wh o l e tr ack s h e h a d
m a d e an d f o ll o wi n g h er th r o u gh a l l h er d o ubl es
,
I w as .

a t t h e sam e t i m e d el i ht e d in o b ser vi n g th a t d ef er en c e
g
which th e r est o f th e p a ck paid t o ea ch p ar ticu lar h o u n d ,

10 a cc o r di n g t o t h e ch ara ct er h e h a d a c q ui r e d a m on st th em
g .

If t h ey w er e at a fault an d an o l d b o u n d o f r eputati on,

Op en ed but on c e h e w as i mm e di a t ely fo l l o w ed by th e
,

wh o l e c ry ; whi l e a r aw do g o r o n e w h o w as a n o t ed l iar , ,

m ig ht h av e y elp ed h is h ear t o u t with o ut b ei n g tak en ,

n o tic e o f .

Th e h ar e n o w a fter h a vi n g squ a tt ed t w o o r t h r ee ti m es
, ,

an d b een p ut up aga i n a s o ft en c am e stil l n ear er t o t h e ,

pla ce wh er e sh e w as at fi rs t star t ed T h e d o gs p u r su e d .

h er an d th ese w er e f o ll o w ed by t h e j ol ly k n i ght w h o
, ,

20 r o d e up o n a white geldi n g en c om pass ed by h is t en an ts ,

an d s er v an t s a n d ch eer i n g h is h o u n d s with a ll t h e ga i ety

,

o f fi ve an d t w en ty O n e o f th e sp o r t sm en r o d e u p t o m e
.
,

an d t o l d m e tha t h e w as s u r e th e ch a c e w as a l m o s t at
,

an en d ,
b ecau se th e o l d d ogs which h ad hith er t o la i n ,

b ehin d, n o w h ea d ed th e p a ck T h e f ell o w w as in th e .

r i g ht , O ur h ar e t o o k a l ar ge fi el d j u st u n d er u s f o ll o w ed ,

by th e fu ll c ry in vi e w I m u s t c o n fess th e br i g htn ess o f

.

th e w eath er t h e ch eer ful n es s o f ev er y thi n g a r o u n d m e

, ,

th e chidi n g o f th e h o u n ds which w a s r et u r n i n g u p o n u s
,

30 in a d o ubl e e ch o f r o m t w o n ei g hb o u r i n g hill s with th e ,

h all o o i n g o f th e Sp o r ts m en an d t h e so un di n g o f th e h or n
, ,

lift ed m y spi r it s i n t o a m o s t l iv ely p l eas u re which I freely ,

i n dul ge d b ec au se I w as s u r e it w as i n n o c en t I f I w as .

u n d er an y c on cer n it w as on t h e a cc o u n t o f th e p o o r h ar e
, ,

that w as n o w quit e sp en t an d a l m o s t withi n t h e rea ch o f,

h er en em i es ; wh en t h e hu n t sm an getti n g f o r w ar d thr ew
50 THE S PE CTATOR .

h is tudi es in h is y o uth b e c o n tr act ed th a t ill h abit o f b o dy

s ,

which af t er a t e di o u s s ick n ess c a r r i ed h im o ff in th e

, ,

fo r ti e th y ear o f h is ag e an d th e wh o l e hi st o ry w e h av e
o f h is lif e t ill th a t ti m e is but o n e c o n ti n u e d a cc o un t o f
th e b eh a vi o u r o f a n o bl e so u l s tr u ggli n g u n d er in n u m er
i

abl e p ai n s an d di st em p ers
5
. .

Fo r m y o w n p ar t I i n t en d t o hu n t twic e a w eek du r i n g
,

m y s tay with Sir R og er ; an d sh a ll p r es c r ib e t h e m o d er at e

u se o f thi s e x er ci s e t o a ll m y c o u n t ry f r i en d s as th e b est ,

ki n d o f ph y sio f o r m en di n g a b ad c o n stituti on an d pr e ,

ser vi n g a g o o d o n e .

I can n o t do thi s b et ter th an in th e f o ll o wi n g l i n es o ut

,

of M r D ry d en.

T h e fir st p h y sic ian s b y debau ch wer e m ade

E xc ess beg an , a n d sl o th su st ain s th e t ra de .

B y c h ac e o url o n g l iv d f ath er s earn d th eir fo o d

-
’ ’

T o il str u ng t h e n erves a n d p urify d t h e bl oo d ;

’
,

B ut w e th eir so n s a p am p er d r ac e o f m en
’
, ,

A r e d win dl ed do w n t o t h r eesc o r e y ears an d t en .

fi
B et ter t o h u n t i n el ds f o r h eal th u n b o ugh t,
T h an f ee t h e do c t o r f o r a n a u seo u s draugh t .

Th e w ise f or c u re o n exer c is e dep en d :

G o d n ever m ade h is w o rk f o r m an t o m en d .
I
‘/

XII I . O N W ITCHCRA FT —
S TOR Y O F MO L L W HITE .

No . S a tu r day , July 14, 17 11 .

[ A ddi son
Ip siibi so m n ia fi n g un t V ir g E el viii 108
s .
—
. . . .

W ith vo lu n tary dr eam s th ey c h eat t h eir m in ds .

T HERE ar e so m e o p i n i o n s in which a m an s h o ul d stan d

n eut er with o ut en gagi n g h is a ss en t to o n e sid e o r t h e
,

o th er Such a h o v er i n g fai t h as t hi s which r efu ses to

.
,

s e t t l e up o n a n y d e t er m i n a t i o n is a b so l u t el y n ec essar y in
,

a m i n d th a t is c ar eful t o a v o id err o r s an d p r ep o ssessi o n s .

W h en th e arg u m en ts p r es s e qually o n b o th s ides in

 O N W I TCHCRAFT STO R Y O F — - M OLL W H I TE .
51

m a tter s th a t are i n differ en t t o u s th e saf es t m eth o d 1s t o

,

giv e u p o u rselv es to n eith er .

It is wi t h thi s t em p er o f m i n d th a t I c o n sid er t h e
s ubj ect o f witchc r a ft W h en I h ear th e r ela ti o n s th a t ar e
.

m a d e fr o m a ll p a r t s o f th e w o r ld n o t o n ly fro m N o r w ay,

a n d L ap la n d f r om th e E ast an d W es t In di es bu t f ro m
,
-
,

ev ery p ar t icu l ar n a t i o n in Eu r o p e I c an n o t f o r b ear thi n k

,

in g th a t th er e is s uch a n i n t er c o u r s e a n d c o m m er c e with
evi l s i r it s
p a s th a t which w e e x p r ess b y t h e n am e o f
,

witchc raft B ut wh en I c o n s id er th a t t h e i gn o r an t a n d 10
.

c r edu lo u s par ts o f th e w o r ld a b o u n d m o s t in th ese r ela

ti o n s an d th a t th e p er so n s am o n g us w h o ar e supp o sed
, ,

to en ga ge in s uch a n i n f ern a l c o m m er c e ar e p eo p l e o f a ,

w eak u n d ers tan di n g an d cr a z ed i m agi n a ti on an d at t h e ,

sa m e ti m e r efl ect up o n t h e m an y i m p o s tu r es a n d del u s i o n s

of thi s n at u re th a t h av e b een d et ect ed in a l l ages I ,

en d eav o u r t o s usp en d m y b el i ef til l I h ear m o r e c er ta i n

acc o u n t s th an an y w hich h a v e y et c o m e t o m y k n o wl ed g e .

I n sh o r t wh en I c o n s id er t h e qu es t i o n wh e th er t h er e
, ,

ar e s uch p er s on s in th e w o r l d a s th o se w e c a l l witch es 20 ,

my m i n d is divid e d b et w een th e t w o o pp o s i t e o pi n io n s o r ,

ra t h er (to s p eak m y th o u ght s f reel y ) I b eli ev e in

gen er al
th at t h er e is an d h as b een such a thi n g as witchc r a ft
,

but a t th e sam e ti m e can giv e n o c r edit t o an y p ar t icul ar

i n stan c e o f i t .

I am en gag ed in thi s sp ecul a ti o n by so m e o ccu rr en c es

th a t I m et with y es t er day w hich I sh a l l giv e m y r ea der
,

an a cc o u n t o f a t l ar g e A s I w as w a l k i n g wi t h m y f r i en d
.

S ir R o g er b y th e s id e o f o n e o f h is w o o d s a n ol d w o m an ,

appl i ed h er self t o m e f o r m y ch ar ity H er dr ess a n d fi g u r e 3 0

.

put m e in m i n d o f t h e f o ll o wi n g d es c r i p ti o n in O tw ay
In l a n e a s I p u r s u d m y j o ur n e y
a c o sel ’
,

I spy d a w r ink l ed h ag w ith ag e g ro w n do ubl e

’
. ,

Pic kin g dry st ic k s an d m umbli n g t o h er s el f

, .

Her ey es w ith sc al din g rh eu m w ere gall d a n d re d ’

C l d p al sy sh o o k h er h ea d h er h an ds seem d w it h er d
’ ’
o
 THE SPECTATOR .

And on h er l ders h ad sh e wrapt

c r o ok ed sh o u

T h e t att er d r em n an t o f an o l d s trip d h an gi ng
’ ’
,

W hi c h se rv d to k eep h er c arc ase f r o m th e c o l d

’

S o t h er e w a s n o th i n g o f a p iec e abo u t h er .

Her l o w er w eeds w er e al l o er c o arsely p atc h d ’ ’

W ith diff er en t c ol o ur d r ags bl ack r ed w h it e yell o w

’
, , , , ,

A n d se em d t o sp eak variety o f w retc h e dn ess

’
.

As I w as m u si n g
thi s d escr i pti o n an d c o m p ar i n g it
on ,

with th e o bj ect b ef o r e m e th e k n ight t o ld m e th a t thi s, ,

10 v ery o l d w o m an h a d th e r ep u tati o n o f a witch all o v er t h e

c o u n try th a t h er l ip s w ere o b ser ved t o b e a lway s in m o ti on
, ,

an d t h a t th er e w a s n o t a swi t ch ab o ut h er h o u se which

h er n eig hb o u r s did n o t b eli ev e h a d c arr i e d h er s ev eral

hu n d r eds o f m i l es I f sh e ch an c ed t o stu m bl e th ey
.
,

al w ay s f o u n d s tick s o r st r aw s th at l ay in t h e fi gu r e o f
a c ro s s b ef o re h er If sh e m ad e an y m i s tak e at chur ch
.
,

a n d c r i ed a m en in a w r o n g pla c e th ey n ev er fa i l ed t o ,

c on cl ud e that sh e w as say i n g h er p rayer s backwar d s .

Th er e w as n o t a m aid in th e par i sh th at w o u ld tak e a pin

20 o f h er th o u g h sh e sh o u l d o ffer a b ag o f m on ey wi th it
, .

Sh e goes b y th e n am e o f M o l l W hit e an d h as m ad e th e ,

c o u n try r i n g wi th sev eral i m ag i n ary e xp l o i ts which ar e

p al m ed up on h er I f th e dai r y m aid d o es n o t m ak e h er
.
-

bu tt er c o m e so so o n as sh e w o uld h av e it M o l l W hite is ,

a t t h e b o t t o m o f t h e chu r n I f a h o r se sw ea ts in th e .

s tabl e,
M o ll W hit e h as b een u p o n h is b ack If a har e .

m ak es an u n ex p ect e d esc a pe f r o m t h e b ou n ds t h e hu n t s
m an cu rses M o l l W h i te “ ”
N ay say s S ir R o ger
.
“ I have ,
,

k n o w n th e m as t er o f th e p a c k u p on su ch a n o cc asi o n , ,

3 0 sen d o n e o f h is s er va n t s t o see if M o l l W hit e h a d been

”
o u t th a t m o r n i n g .

Thi s a cc o u n t ra i sed m y cu r i o sity so f ar th at I b egged ,

my f r i en d S ir R o g er t o go with m e i n to h er h o v el which ,

s t o o d in a s o litar
y c o r n er u n d er t h e s id e o f t h e w o o d .

U p on o u r fi r s t en t er i n g S ir R o ger wi n k ed t o m e a n d
, ,

p o i n ted at s om ethi n g tha t st o o d b ehi n d th e d oo r which

'

,
 VVI T C HC R A FT — STO R Y O F MOLL W H ITE
'

ON .
53

u p on l o oki n g t h a t w ay I f o un d t o b e a n Old b r oo m s taff

,
-
.

A t th e sam e ti m e h e whi sp er ed m e in th e ear t o t ak e

n o tic e o f a tabb
y c a t th at sa te in th e chi m n ey c o rn er ,

which as t h e o l d k n i ght to l d m e l ay u n d er as b ad a
, ,

r ep or t a s M o ll W hit e h ersel f ; f o r b esid es th at M O11is

sa id o ft en t o acc o m p an
y h er in th e sam e sh ap e th e c at is ,

r ep o r t ed t o h a v e sp o k en twic e o r t h r ic e in h er l if e an d t o
,

h av e p lay ed s ev eral p r an k s a b o v e th e ca pa ci ty o f an
o r di n ar y ca t .

I w a s secr etl y c o n cern e d to see hu m an n a tu re in so

m uch w retch edn ess an d di sgra c e bu t at th e sam e ti m e ,

c o u l d n ot fo rb ear sm ili n g t o h ear S ir R o g er , w h o is a

l ittl e puzzl ed ab o ut th e o ld w o m an a dvi si n g h er a s a j u s tic e
,

o f p eac e t o a v o id al l c o m m u n ic a ti o n with t h e d evi l an d n ev er ,

t o hu r t a n y o f h er n eig hb o u r s c attl e W e c o n cl ud ed o ur
’
.

vi sit wi t h a b o u n ty which w as v er y acc ept abl e

,
.

I n o u r r etu rn h o m e Sir R og er t o l d m e th at o ld M ol l
, ,

h ad o ft en b een br o u ght b efo r e h im f o r m aki n g child ren

S pit pin s an d g ivi n g m a id s t h e n i ght m ar e ; an d th a t t h e
,

c o u n tr y p eop l e w o uld b e t o ssi n g h er i n t o a p o n d an d t ry 20

in g ex p er i m en t s with h er ev ery day if it w as n o t f o r h im ,

a n d h is ch a lai n
p .

I h av e sin c e f o u n d up on en q ui r y th at S ir R oger wa s ,
.

sev er al ti m es s tagg er e d wi t h t h e r ep o r t s th a t h ad been

b r o u ght h im c on c ern i n g thi s o l d w o m an an d w o uld f r e ,

q u en tly h av e b o u n d h er o v er t o th e c o u n ty sess i o n s h a d ,

n ot h is ch ap la i n with m uch a do p ers u a d e d h im t o t h e

c o n t r ar y .

I h av e b een th e m o re p ar t icul ar in thi s a cco u n t b ecau se ,

I h ear th er e is s car c e a vill ag e in E n gl an d th a t h as n o t a 3 0

M o l l W hi t e in i t W h en an o ld w o m an b eg i n s t o d o at,
.

an d g r o w ch ar g ea bl e t o a par i sh sh e is g en er a ll y tu r n e d
,

i n t o a witch an d fill s th e wh o l e c o u n try with e xt ravag an t

,

fan ci es i m ag i n ar y dist em p er s an d t er r ify i n g d ream s I n

, ,
.

t h e m ean ti m e th e p o o r w r et ch th a t is t h e i n n o c en t o cc a s i o n
,

of so m an y evi ls b egi n s t o b e f r i g ht en ed at h ersel f a n d ,

 54 TH E SPECTATOR .

so m eti m es c o n f esses Secr et c o mm erc es a n d fam ili ar iti es th at

h er i m a gi n a t i o n f o r m s in a d eli r i o u s o ld a ge Thi s f r e .

q u en tl y cu t s o ff ch ar i t y f r o m t h e g r eat es t o bj ect s o f
c o m p assi o n an d i n s pi r es p eo pl e with a m al ev o l en ce t o w ar d s
,

th o se p o o r d ecr epit p ar t s o f o ur sp eci es in wh om hu m an ,

n atu r e is d efa c e d by i n fi r m i ty an d d o ta e L
g . .

XIV . SIR R O G E R S RE FL E CT I O N S O N THE W I D O W

’
.

No . M o n day July , 16, 17 11 .

[S teel e
Haer et l at eri l eth al is aru n do .
—
V irg A en iv 7 3
. . . .

T h e f at al dart
S t ic k s in h is si de a nd r an k l es in
,
h is h ear t —
D ry den .

10 T H I S agr eeabl e seat is s urr o u n d e d with S O m an y pl easin g

walk s which ar e st r uc k o ut o f a w o o d in t h e m id s t o f
, ,

which t h e h o u se stan d s th a t o n e c an h ar dly ev er be

,

w ear y o f r am bli n g fr o m o n e l aby r i n th o f de l i ght t o

a n o t h er . T o o n e u sed t o l iv e in a city t h e ch arm s o f th e
c o u n tr y ar e so ex q ui sit e t h a t t h e m i n d is l o st in a c er ta i n
,

tran sp o r t which r ai ses u s ab o v e o r di n ary l if e an d y et is ,

n ot s t r o n g en o u g h t o b e i n c o n si s t en t wi t h t r an quilli ty .

Thi s sta t e o f m i n d w as I in ra vi sh e d with th e m u r m ur

,

o f w at er s t h e whi sp er o f b r e ez es
,
t h e s i n gi n g o f bi r d s ;
,

20 a n d wh eth er I l o o k ed u p t o t h e h eav en s d o w n o n t h e ,

ear t h ,
o r tu r n e d t o t h e p r o s pect s ar o u n d m e s t i l l s t r uck ,

with n ew sen se o f pl easu r e ; wh en I fo u n d by th e v o ice

o f m y f r i en d w h o w alk ed b y m e th a t w e h ad i n sen s ibl y
,

s t r o ll e d i n t o t h e gr o v e s a c r e d t o t h e w id o w
,
“ Thi s w o m an
“
.
,

say s he ,
is o f a ll o th er s t h e m o st u n i n t elli g ib l e ; sh e
e i t h er d es i g n s t o m arry o r sh e d o es n o t
,
W ha t is th e .

m o s t p er p l e xi n g o f a ll is t h a t sh e d o es n o t e ith er say t o
,

h er l o v er s sh e h as an y r es o lu t i o n a gai n s t th a t c o n di t i o n o f
l if e in g en er al o r th at sh e b an i sh es t h em
,
bu t c o n s ci o u s
3 0 o f h er o w n m er i t sh e p er m it s th ei r a dd resses wi t h o ut f ear ,

of a n y il l c o n s equ en c e o r w an t o f r esp ect

,
fr o m th ei r ,
 S I R RO GE R S R EFL E CT I ONS O N THE W I D O W
’
.
55

ra
ge o r d esp a i r Sh e h as th a t in h er
. p e ct agai n st which
as ,

it is i m possib l e t o o ff en d A m an . wh o se th ou ght s ar e
c on stan tly b en t u po n so agr eeabl e an o bj ect m u st b e ,

excu sed if t h e o r di n ar y o ccu r r en c es in c on v ersa ti o n ar e

bel o w h is att en ti o n I call h er i n d ee d p er v er se but al as !
.
, ,

w h y do I ca l l h er so ? b e c a u se h er sup er i o r m er it is s uch ,
th at I c an n o t a pp r oach h er with o ut aw e th a t m y h ea r t is ,

ch eck ed by t o o m uch es t eem : I am an gr y th at h er ch ar m s

ar e n o t m o r e a cc essib l e th a t I a m m or e i n cl i n e d t o
,

w o rship th a n sa lut e h er H o w o ften h a v e I wi sh e d h er

.

u n h a ppy th a t I m i ght h av e an O pp or tu n ity o f ser vi n g

,

h er ? A n d h o w o f ten t r o ubl e d in th a t v ery i m ag i n ati o n ,

at g ivi n g h er t h e p ai n o f b ei n g o b l i g e d ? W ell I h av e ,

l ed a m i serab l e l ife in sec r et up on h er a cc o u n t ; but fan cy

sh e w o u l d h av e c o n d es c en d ed t o h a v e s o m e r egar d f o r m e ,

if it h ad n o t b een f or tha t wa tchful an i m al h er c on fidan t

“
.

“
Of all p ers o n s u n d er th e s un (c o n t i n u ed h e c alli n g m e
”
, ,

by m y nam e) b e su r e t o set a m ar k up on c o n fi dan t s

th ey ar e o f all p eo pl e th e m o st i m p er ti n en t W ha t is .

m os t pl ea san t t o o b ser v e in th em is th a t th ey a ss u m e t o 20
,

th em sel v es th e m er it o f th e p erso n s wh o m th ey hav e in

th eir cu sto dy O r esti l la is a gr ea t fo r tu n e an d in w o n d er
.
,

ful d an ger of su rp r i ses t h eref o r e fu ll o f suspic io us o f th e

,

l east i n differ en t thi n g p a r ticul ar ly c ar eful o f n ew a c qu a i n t

,

an ce ,
an d o f gr o wi n g t o o fa m ili a r wi t h t h e o l d Th em is ta .
,

h er fav o u r it e w o man is ev ery w hit as c ar efu l o f wh o m

,

sh e s p eak s t o ,
a n d w h a t sh e s ay s L e t th e w ar d b e a
.

b eauty h er c o n fidan t sh all tr ea t y o u with an air o f

,

di s tan c e ; l et h er b e a fo r t u n e an d sh e assu m e s th e ,

su spici o u s b eh a vi o u r o f h er f r i en d an d p a t r o n ess Thu s 3 0 .

i t is th at v er y m an y o f o u r u n m arr i ed w o m en o f di sti n o
ti o n ar e t o all i n t en t s a n d pu r po ses m a r r i ed exc ep t th e ,

co n sid er a t i o n o f differ en t sex es Th ey ar e dir ec t l y u n d er

.

th e c o n duct o f th e i r whi sp er er ; an d t hi n k th ey ar e in a
s t at e o f f r e ed o m whil e th ey ca n p ra t e with o n e o f th ese
,

a t te n dan t s o f all m en in g en er al an d s til l av o id th e m an

,
 56 T HE S PE CTATO R .

they m o s t l ik e Y o u do n o t s ee o n e h eiress in a hun dred

.

wh o se f at e d o es n o t t ur n u p on thi s ci r cum stan ce of

ch o osi n g a c o n fidan t T h u s it is th at th e l ady is a dd ressed
.
’

t o p r esen te d a n d fl a tt er ed o n ly b y p r o xy in h er wo m an
, , ,
.

I n m y c ase h ow is it p o ssib l e th at
,
S ir R o ger w a s
r o c ee di n in h is h ar an g u e wh en w e h ear d th e v o ic e o f
p g ,

sp eaki n g v er y i m p o r tu n atel y an d r ep ea ti n g t h ese

“
on e ,

wor d s ,
wh at n ot o n e sm i l e ? W e f ollo w ed th e soun d
,
”

ti ll w e cam e to a cl o se thick et o n th e o th er s ide o f ,

10 which w e saw a y o u n g w o m an sitti n g as it w er e in a

p erso n at e d sull en n ess ju s t o v er a t ran sp ar en t fo un tain .

Opp o sit e t o h er s t o o d M r W i ll i a m Sir R o g er s m aster o f ’

“ ,
.

th e gam e Th e k n i g ht whi sp er ed m e
. hi st th ese ar e , ,

l o v ers T h e hu n tsm an l o o ki n g ear n es tly a t th e sh a do w o f

”

“
.

th e y o u n g m a id en in th e s tr ea m Oh th o u d ear pictu r e
, ,

if th o u c o u l d st r e ma i n th er e in th e ab sen c e o f th at fai r
c r eatur e wh o m y o u r epr esen t in th e wat er h ow willin g ly ,

c o u l d I st an d h er e sa ti sfi ed f or ev er with o u t tr o ubli n g m y ,

d ear B etty h er s elf with an y m en ti on o f h er u n f or tu n ate

20 W il l i a m wh o m S h e is an g r y with ! B u t alas ! wh en sh e
, ,

pl eases t o b e g o n e th o u wilt al so van i sh

,
Y et l et m e
ta lk t o t h ee whi l e th o u d o s t stay T e ll m y d ear est B etty .

th o u d o st n o t m o r e d ep en d up on h er th an d oes h er W illi am : ,

h er a b sen c e will m a k e a way with m e as w el l as th ee If .

sh e o ffer s t o r em o v e th ee I will ju m p i n t o th ese w av es t o

,

lay h o ld o n th ee ; h erself h er o w n d ear p er so n I m u st

, ,

n ev er em b ra c e aga i n S til l do y o u h ear m e with o ut o n e

.
—

sm il e —
I t is t o o m uch t o b ear H e h ad n o s o o n er sp o k e
th ese w o r d s but h e m ad e an O ffer of t h ro w i n g hi m self i n to
,

3 0 th e w a t er : a t which h is m i s t r ess s tar t ed u p an d at t h e ,

n ext i n s t an t h e j u m e d a c ro ss t h e f o u n t a i n an d m et h er
p
in a n em b r ac e S h e h a lf r ec o v er i n g fro m h er f r i gh t said
.
-
,

in th e m o s t ch ar m i n g v o ic e i m a gin abl e a n d wi t h a t o n e o f ,

c om pl ai n t I t h o u g ht h ow w ell y o u w o u ld dr o wn y o u rsel f
, .

N o n o y o u will n o t d r o w n y o u r self ti ll y o u h av e t ak en
, ,
”
y o u r l ea v e o f Su san H o lid ay T h e hu n tsm an with a t en d er
.
,
 58 THE S PE CTATO R .

in my m ost i di s c o u r se I l et fal l so m e co m ical

ser o u s

fam iliar i ty o f sp eech o r o dd ph r ase t hat m ak es th e c o m pan y

l a u gh H o w ever I c an n o t bu t al l o w sh e is a m o s t e xc e ll en t
.
,

w o m an W h en S h e is in th e c o u n t ry I w arran t sh e d o es
.

n o t r u n i n t o d a i r i es but r ead s u p on th e n a t u r e o f p l an t s
,

bu t h a s a gl a ss hiv e an d c o m es in t o t h e gar d en o u t o f
-
,

b o o k s t o s ee th em w o r k an d O b ser v e th e p o lici es o f th eir

,

c o mm on wea lth S h e u n der st an d s ev ery thi n g I w o u l d giv e

. .

t en p o u n d s t o h ear h er ar gu e with m y f r i en d S ir A n dr ew
F reep o r t ab o ut t ra de N o n o f o r all sh e l o o k s so i n n o c en t
.
, ,

”
as it w ere t a k e m y w o r d f o r it sh e is n o fo o l
, T . .

XV . RUR A L MA NN E R S .

Tu esday Ju ly , 17 , 17 11 .
[ A ddi son
U rb e m q u am dic un t R o m an , M el iboee , p u t a vi,
S t ul tu s eg o h uic n o str ae sim il e m — V ir g E cl i 20 . . . . .

Th e c ity l l Ro m e un sk il ful c l o w n
m en ca , ,

I t h o u gh t r esem bl ed th is o ur h um b l e t o wn .
—
\Varto n .

THE fi r s t an d m os t o bvi o u s r efl ecti o n s which ar i se in a m an .

w h o ch an g es th e ci ty f or t h e c o u n t ry a r e u p o n th e di ffer en t ,

m an n er s o f t h e p eo p l e wh o m h e m eet s wi t h in t h o se t w o
differen t sc en es of lif e B y m an n er s I do n o t m ean m or al s
.
,

20 but b eh avi o u r an d go o d br eedi n g as th ey sh ew th em sel v es in ,

t h e t o w n an d in th e c o u n t r y .

A n d h er e in th e fi r s t p la c e I m u s t o b s er v e a v er y grea t
, ,

r ev o luti o n th a t h as h app en ed in t hi s a r t icl e o f g o o d b reedi n g -

.

S ev era l o b ligin g d ef er en c es c o n d esc en s i on s an d s ubm i ss i o n s

, , ,

with m an y o u t w ar d f o r m s an d c erem o n i es th a t a cco m p an y

t h em w er e fi r st o f a ll br o u g ht u p am o n g th e p o li t er par t o f
,

m an k i n d w h o liv e d in c o u r t s an d ci t i es an d di s t i n g ui sh ed
, ,

th em s elv es f ro m th e r u s t ic par t o f th e sp eci es (w h o o n a ll

o cc as i o n s a ct e d blu n tl y an d n at u r a ll
y ) b y s uch a m utu a l
3 0 c om pl ai san c e an d i n t er c o u r se of civili t i es Th ese fo rm s o f .
 RURAL MANNERS .

c on v er sa ti on by d egrees m ul t i p li ed an d gr ew tr o ub l es om e ;
th e m o di s h w o rl d f o u n d t oo g rea t a c o n s t ra i n t in th em an d ,

h av e th er efore thr o wn m o st o f th em asid e C o ver satio n l ik e .

,

th e R o m an r eli g i o n w as so en cu m b er e d with S h o w an d c er e
,

m o n y th a t it s t o o d in n eed o f a r e f or m a ti on to r etr en ch its

,

s u per fl u it ies a nd r est or e it t o it s n a tu ra l g o o d s en s e an d

,

b ea uty At p r esen t th er ef o r e an u n co n s t r ai n ed ca rr i age

.
, , ,

an d a c er ta i n O p en n es s o f b eh avi o u r ar e t h e h ei ght o f g o o d
,

b r eedi n g T h e fa shi on abl e w o r l d is gr o w n f r ee an d easy ;

.

o u r m an n er s sit m o r e l o o s e up o n u s N o th i n g is so m o di s h 10
.

as an a gr eeabl e n eg li g en c e I n a w o r d go o d b r eedi n g s h ew s
.
,
-

its elf m os t wh er e t o an o r di n ary ey e it app ear s th e l east

, .

I f a fter thi s w e l oo k o n th e p eo pl e o f m o d e in t h e c o u n tr y,
w e fi n d in th em th e m an n er s o f th e l ast a ge Th ey h av e n o .

s o o n er f etch e d th em sel v es u p t o t h e f ashi o n o f t h e p o l it e

wo r ld but th e to w n h as d r o pp ed th em an d a r e n ear er t o
,

th e fi r s t s tat e o f n a t u r e th an t o th ose r e fi n em en t s which

,

for m er l y r ei gn ed in th e c o ur t an d stil l p r ev ai l in th e c o u n
,

t ry. O n e m ay n o w k n o w a m an th a t n ev er c o n v erse d in
th e w orl d by h is exc ess o f go o d b reedi n g -
A p o lit e c o u n tr y 20
.

e s qui r e s h al l m ak e yo u a s m a n y b o w s in h alf an h o u r as ,

w o uld s erv e a c o u r ti er f o r a w eek Th er e is i n fi n it ely m or e

.

to do a b o u t p la c e an d p re c e d en cy in a m eeti n g o f j u stic es
wives than in an assem b ly o f duch esses
,
.

Thi s r u ral p o liten ess is v ery t r o ubl esom e t o a m an o f m y

t em p er w h o gen era lly t ak es th e ch ai r th a t is n ext m e an d
, ,

w al k fi r st o r l as t in t h e f r o n t o r in t h e r ear as chan c e
, ,

di r ects 1ha v e k n o w n m y f r i en d S ir R o g er s di n n er al m ost

.
’

c o ld b ef o r e th e c om p an y c o u l d a dj u s t th e c er em o n i a l an d b e ,

p r eva i l ed u p o n t o sit d o w n an d h av e h ear t il y pi t i ed m y o l d 3 0

f r i en d wh en I h a v e see n h im f o r c ed t o pick an d cull h is
g u est s a s th ey sat at t h e sev era l par t s o f h is ta bl e tha t h e
, ,

m i g h t d r in k t h e i r h ealth s a cc o r di n g t o t h ei r r esp ectiv e ran k s

an d q u a liti es H o n est W il l W i m bl e wh o m I sh o uld h av e
.
,

t h o u g ht h ad b een al to geth er u n i n f ect ed with c er em on y ,

giv es m e abun dan c e o f tr o ubl e in thi s par ticu lar Th o u g h h e .

 60 THE SPECTAT O R .

h as b een fi shi n g a ll t h e m or n i n g h e wi ll n o t h el p hi m sel f at

,

di n n er u n til I am ser v ed W h en w e ar e go i n g out of t h e h al l,

.

h e r u n s behi n d m e ; an d las t n i g ht as w e w ere wal kin g in ,

t h e fi el ds s t o pp ed s h o r t at a stil e ti ll I c am e up t o it an d
, ,

up o n m y m aki n g si gn s t o h im t o get o v er t ol d m e, with a ,

s er i o u s sm i le th a t s u re I b el i e v e d th e
, y h ad n o m an n er s in
t h e c o u n tr y .

Th er e h as happ en ed an o th er r ev o l uti o n in th e p oi n t o f
goo d b r eedi n g which r ela t es t o t h e c o n v er sa ti on am o n g m en
-
,

10 o f m o d e, an d which I c a n n o t bu t l o o k u p on as v ery extra

o r di n ar y . I t w as c er ta i n l y on e o f t h e fi r st di stin cti o n s o f a
w ell br e d m an t o ex press ev ery thi n g th a t h ad t h e m o st
-
,

r em o te ap earan c e o f b ei n b sc en e in m o d es t t er m s an d dis
p g o ,

tan t ph r ases whi ls t th e cl o w n w h o h ad n o such d elica cy o f ,

c o n cepti o n or exp r essi on cl o th ed h is id eas in th o se pl ai n

,

h om ely t erm s th at ar e th e m o s t o bvi ou s a n d n atu r a l Thi s .

ki n d of g o o d m a n n er s was p er h ap s c arr i ed t o an exc ess so as ,

to m ak e c o n v er sati o n t o o s ti ff f o rm al an d p r eci se ; f or which

, ,

r easo n
(as hy p o c r i sy in o n e ag e is gen er al ly s ucc eed ed by
20 a th ei s m in an o t h er ) c o n v ersati o n is in a g r ea t m easu r e r e
lap sed i n t o t h e fi r s t ext r em e ; so th a t at p resen t sev era l o f
o u r m en o f th e t o w n an d p ar ticu l ar l y t h o se w h o h a v e b een
,

p o li sh ed in F ran c e m ak e u se o f th e m o s t c o ar se u n civi l ized

,

w o r d s in o u r l an g u ag e an d utt er t h em sel v es o ft en in such a

,

m an n er as a cl o wn w o u l d b l u sh t o h ear .

Thi s i n fam o u s p i ec e o f go o d b r eedi n g which r ei gn s am on g

-
,

th e co xc o m b s o f t h e t o w n h as n o t y et m a d e it s w ay i n t o t h e
,

c o u n tr y ; an d as it is i m p ossibl e fo r such an i r ra t i o n a l way o f

c on ver sati on t o l ast l o n g am o n g a peo pl e tha t m ak es an y
3 0 pr o f essi o n o f r e li gi on o r sh o w o f m o d es ty if t h e c o u n t ry
, ,

g en tl em en g et i n t o it th ey wil l c er ta i n ly b e l eft in t h e lu r ch
,
.

Th ei r go o d breedi n g will c om e t o o l a t e t o th em an d th ey
-
,

will b e th o u ght a par c el o f l ewd cl o w n s whil e th ey fan cy ,

th em selv es tal k i n g t o get h er lik e m en o f wit a n d p l easu r e .

A s th e tw o p o i n ts o f g oo d br eedi n g which I ha v e hith er to

-
,

in sis te d u po n r egar d b eh avi o u r an d c o n v ersa ti o n th er e is a

, ,
 RURAL MANNE RS .
61

thi r d which tu rn s up on dr ess I n thi s to o th e co u n try ar e

.

v ery m uch b ehi n dh an d Th e r u ral b ean s ar e n ot y et g ot o ut

.

o f t h e fas hi o n th a t t o o k p l a c e a t t h e ti m e o f t h e R ev o l uti on ,

but r id e ab o ut t h e c o u n try in r ed c oats an d la c ed h ats ; whil e

t h e w o m en in m a n y par ts a r e still t ry i n g t o o utvi e o n e
an o th er in t h e h ei g ht o f th ei r h ea d d r esses -
.

B ut a f r i en d o f m i n e w h o is n o w up on t h e w es t ern ci r cuit
, ,

h avi n g p r o m i sed t o g iv e m e an a cc o u n t o f th e sev er al m o d es

an d f ashi on s th a t p re v a i l in t h e differ en t p ar t s o f t h e n a ti on

th r o u g h which h e p asses I sh all d ef er th e en lar g i n g up on

,

thi s l ast t o pic til l I h av e r ec eiv ed a l ett er fr om h im , w hich I

exp ect ev ery p o s t .

XVI . I N S TI N CT I N A NI M A L S .

No . W edn esd ay Ju ly , 18 , 17 11 .
[ A dd i son
E qu ide m qui a sit divin it us
c redo , illis
I n g en iu m .
—
V irg G eorg i 415
. . . .

I dee m t h ei r br easts in sp ir d
’

W ith a divin e sagac i ty .

M Y f r i en d Sir R o ger is v er y ft en m erry with m e up on

o

m y p assi n g so m uch o f m y ti me a m o n g h is p o u l t ry .

H e h as cau g ht m e twi c e or th ric e l o o ki n g a fter a bi r d s ’

n es t an d s ev eral ti m es s itti n
, g an h o u r o r t w o t o geth er
n ear a h en an d chick en s H e t ells m e h e b eli ev es I am
.

p ers on ally a cqu ai n t ed with ev ery fo wl a b o ut h is h o u se ;

c a ll s such a par t icul a r c o ck m y fa v o u r ite ; an d f r equ en tly
c o m p l a i n s th a t h is duck s an d gees e h av e m o r e o f m y
c o m pa ny th an hi m self .

I m u st c on fess I am i n fi n it ely d eli ght ed wi th th ose

s p ecul a ti on s o f n a tu re which ar e t o b e m a d e in a c o u n t ry

life ; an d as m y r eadi n g h as v er y m uch l ai n am on g b ook s

o f n a tu r al hi st o r y I c an n o t fo r b ear r ec ol l ecti n g up o n this
,

o cc a s i on th e sev eral r em ar k s which I h a v e m et with in 3 0

a uth o r s an d c o m p ar i n
, g th em with w h a t fall s u n d er m y
 G2 T HE S PE CTATOR .

ow n o bser vati o n : th e ar gum en ts f or P r o vid en ce d rawn

f r o m th e n a tu r al hi st o r y o f a n i m al s b ei n g in m y O pi n i on
d em on s tra tiv e .

T h e m ak e o f e v er y k i n d o f a n i m al is di ffer en t f r o m th a t
o f e v er y o t h er ki n d ; an d y et th er e is n o t th e l east tu r n

in th e m u s cl es o r twi s t in th e fib res o f an y o n e which ,

d o es n o t r en d er th em m or e p ro per f o r th a t p ar ticu lar an im al s ’

w ay o f lif e t h an a n y o th e r ca s t o r t extu r e o f th em w o uld

h av e b een .

10 It is as t on i s hi n g t o c o n sid er th e differen t d egr ees o f car e

t ha t d esc en d fro m th e p aren t t o t h e y o u n g so f ar as is ,

ab so l ut el y n ec essa ry f o r t h e l eavi n g a p o s t er ity S om e .

cr eatu r es c ast th ei r eggs as ch an c e di rect s th em an d thi n k

o f th e m n o far t h er ; as i n sect s an d se v er a l ki n d s o f fi sh
-
.

Oth er s of a n ic er fram e fi n d o u t pr o p er b eds t o d ep o sit

, ,

th em in an d th er e l eave th em ; as t h e ser p ent th e

, ,

cr o co dil e an d o s t r ich , o th ers h at ch th ei r eggs an d t en d

,

th ei r bi r t h u n t il it is a bl e t o shif t f o r it self
,
.

W h at c an w e c al l t h e p r i n ci p l e which di rects ev ery

20 differ en t ki n d o f bi r d t o o b ser ve a par ticul ar pl a n in th e
s tr uc t u r e o f it s n es t an d di r e ct s al l t h e sa m e s p eci es t o
,

w o rk after th e sa m e m o d e l ? It c an n o t b e i m i tat i o n ; f o r
th o u g h y o u h a t ch a c r o w u n d er a h en an d n ev er l et it
,

s ee a n y o f t h e w o rk s o f it s o w n ki n d ,
th e n es t it m ak es
sh a ll b e t h e s a m e t o t h e l ay i n g o f a s t ick
, ,wi t h al l t h e
o th er n e st s o f t h e sam e s p eci es It c an n o t b e r eason ; f or
.

w er e an i m al s en du ed wi th it t o as g rea t a d eg ree as m an ,

th ei r buildi n gs w o u ld b e as di ff er en t as o u r s a cc o r di n g ,

t o th e differ en t c o n v en i en ci es th a t th ey w o uld p r o p o se t o
3 0 th em selv es .

I s i t n o t r em ar k a b l e th a t th e sam e t em p er o f w eath er
, ,

which rai s es t hi s g en i al war m th in an im al s sh o uld c o ver,

th e t r ees with l eav es a n d t h e fi el d s wi t h g r ass f or th e i r

, ,

secu r i ty an d c o n c eal m en t a n d p ro duc e s uch i n fi n it e s w ar m s

,

o f i n sec t s f o r th e s up p o r t a n d s u s t en an c e o f t h ei r r es pectiv e

br o ods
 I NST I NCT I N AN IMALS .
63

Is it w o n d erfu l th at th e l o v e o f th e p ar en t sh o ul d
n ot ,
,

be so vi o l en t whil e it l a s t s an d th a t it sh o ul d l as t n o
,

l o n g er th an is n e c essar y f o r t h e p r es er v a ti o n o f t h e y o u n g ?
B ut n o twiths tan di n g thi s n a tu ra l lo v e in br utes is m uch
m o r e vi o l en t an d i n t en se th an in ra ti o n al c r eat ures P r o vi ,

d en c e h a s tak en ca r e th a t it sh o u l d b e n o l on ger t ro ubl e

s o m e t o th e p ar en t th an it is u sefu l t o t h e
yo u n g ; f o r so
so on as th e w a n t s o f t h e l a tt er c eas e t h e m o t h er withd r aw s
,

h er fo n d n ess an d l eav es t h em t o p r o vid e f o r th e m sel v es ;

,

an d wh a t is a v ery r e m ark a b l e ci r cu m s ta n c e in t hi s p ar t 1 0
o f i n s ti n ct w e fi n d th a t th e l o v e o f t h e p aren t m ay b e
,

l en gth en e d o u t b ey o n d it s u su al ti m e if t h e p r eser v a t i o n
,

o f t h e s p eci es r eq ui res it ; as w e m ay see in bi r d s th a t

dr iv e a way th ei r y o u n g as s oon as th ey ar e ab l e t o get

t h ei r l iv el ih o o d but c o n ti n u e t o f eed th em if th ey ar e
,

ti ed to th e n est o r c o n fi n ed withi n a ca ge o r by an y o t h er
, ,

m ean s a pp ea r t o b e o ut o f a c o n diti o n o f s upp lyin g th ei r

o w n n e c ess iti es .

Thi s n atural l o v e is n o t o b s er v ed in a n i m al s to asc en d

f rom th e y o u n g t o th e p ar en t which is n o t a t al l n ec essary 20
,

f o r t h e c o n ti n u an c e o f th e s peci es n o r i n d eed in r easo n ab l e

c r eatu r es d oes it r i se in an y p r o p or ti o n as it S p read s itself ,

do w n w ar d f or in al l f am il y a ffe cti on w e fi n d p r o t ecti o n ,

gra n t ed an d f a v o u r s b es to w ed ar e g reat e r m o tiv es t o l o v e

,

an d t en d er n ess th an saf ety

,
b en efits o r l if e r ec eiv ed
, , .

O n e w o ul d w o n d er t o h ea r s c eptic a l m en di sp uti n g f o r
t h e r easo n o f a n i m al s a n d t elli n g u s it is o n ly o u r p r id e
,

a n d p r ej u dic es th a t wi ll n o t a ll o w th e m th e u se o f th a t

fac u lty .

R easo n sh o w s itsel f in al l o ccu r ren c es o f lif e ; wh er eas 3 0

th e B r u t e m ak es n o di s c o v ery o f s uch a t al en t but in wh a t ,

i mm edi at ely r egar d s h is o w n p r eser va ti o n o r th e c o n t i n u ,

-

an c e o f h is s p eci es A n i m al s in th eir gen er a ti on a r e wi ser

.

th an th e son s o f m e n ; but th ei r wi sd o m is c o n fi n e d t o
a f ew p ar t icul ar s a n d l i es in a v ery n arro w c o m p ass
,
Tak e .

a b r ut e o u t o f h is i n s ti n ct, a n d y o u fi n d h im wh o lly d ep r i ved

 64 THE SPECTATOR .

of u n der stan di n g T o u se an i n stan ce tha t c om es o f t en

.

u n der o b ser va ti on
With wh at c a uti o n d o es th e h en p r o vide h erself a n est
in pl a c es u n f r equ en t ed an d fr ee fr o m n o i s e a n d di stu rb
,

an c e ! wh en sh e h as l a id h er egg s in s uch a m an n er th at

S h e can c o v er th em wh a t care do es sh e tak e in tu r n i n g

,

th em f r equ en tl y th at all p ar ts m ay par tak e o f th e vital

,

w ar m th ! wh en s h e l ea v es th em t o p ro vid e f o r h er
,

n ec essar
y s u s ten an c e h o w pu n ctu a ll y d o es sh e r etu rn
,

10 b efo r e th ey h av e ti m e t o c o o l an d b ec o m e i n ca p abl e of
,

p r o ducin g an an i m al ! I n th e s umm er y o u see h er givin g

h er sel f gr eat er f r eed o m s a n d q ui t tin g h er car e f or ab o ve
,

t w o h o u rs t o g eth er ; but in wi n t er wh en th e r ig o ur o f
;

t h e s easo n w o u l d chil l t h e p r i n ci pl es of l if e an d d es tro y

,

th e y o u n g o n e sh e gro w s m o r e assidu o u s in h er a tt en d an c e
, ,

an d s t ay s aw ay but h al f th e ti m e W h en th e bi r th.

app r oa ch es with h o w m uch n ice ty a n d a tt en ti o n do es sh e

,

h elp th e chick t o br eak its p r is on ! n ot t o tak e n o tic e of

h er c o v er in g it f ro m th e i n j u r i es o f th e w eath er p r o vidi n g
,

20 it p r o p er n o u r i sh m en t a n d t ea chi n g it t o h elp its elf ; n o r

,

t o m en ti o n h er f o r sak i n g t h e n es t if aft er th e u s ual ti m e

,

o f r eck o n i n g t h e y o u n g o n e d o es n o t m a k e its a pp earan c e .

A ch ym ica l o p erati o n c o u l d n o t b e f o l l o w ed wi t h gr eat er

a rt o r dili g en c e th an is seen in t h e b a t c h in g o f a chick ;
,

th ou gh th e r e ar e m an y o th er bi r d s th at sh ew an i n fi n itely
rea t er saga city in all th e f o r em en ti o n e d p ar ticul ars
g .

B u t a t t h e sam e ti m e th e h en th a t h as a ll thi s s eem i n g

,

in g en uity (which is i n d ee d a bso l utel y n ec essary f o r t h e

p ro p ag ati o n o f th e sp eci es) c on s ider e d in o th er r esp ect s
, ,

3 0 is Wi t h o ut th e l eas t gli m m er i n g o f th o u ght o r c o m m on

s en se. S h e m i sta k es a p i ec e o f ch a l k f o r a n egg a n d s its ,

up o n it in th e sam e m an n er Sh e is i n sen sibl e o f an y

.

i n c r ease o r dim i n uti o n in th e n u m b er o f th o se sh e l ay s .

Sh e d o es n o t di s ti n g ui s h b etw een h er o w n an d tho s e o f

an o t h er sp eci es ; a n d wh en th e bi r th a pp ears o f n ev er so

differ en t a bi rd wil l ch er i sh it f o r h er o w n I n a ll t h ese

, .
 66 THE SPECTATO R .

m i n es al l th e p o r ti on s th ei r p r o p er c en tr es
of m a tt er t o .

A m o d er n phil o so p h er qu o t ed by M o n si eu r B ay l e in h is
,

l ear n e d di ss er tati o n o n th e S o u l s o f B r ut es d el iv ers th e ,

s am e O pi n i o n th ou g h in a bo ld er f o r m o f w o r d s wh er e
h e say s Deus est a m m a bru toru m
,
,
“ G o d hi m sel f is t h e so u l
’

,
,

o f b r ut es
”
W h o c an t el l wh a t t o c all th at seem i n g saga cit y
.

in an im al s which di r ects th em t o s uch f o o d a s is pr o p er

,

f o r th em an d m ak es th em n a tu r a lly a v o id wh at ev er is
,

n o xi o u s o r u n wh o l eso m e ? Tul ly h as o bser ved th at a l am b ,

10 n o s oo n er f all s f r o m it s m o th er but i mm edi at el y an d o f ,

it s o w n a cc o r d it a ppl i es its el f t o th e t ea t D am pi er in .
,

h is T ra v el s t ell s us th a t wh en seam en ar e th ro w n u pon

, ,

an y o f t h e u n k n o w n c o as t s o f A m er ica th ey n ev er v en tu r e

up on th e f ruit o f an y t r ee h o w t em pti n g so ev er it m ay ,

a pp ear u n l ess th ey o bser v e th at it is m ar k ed with t h e

,

p ec k i n g o f bi r d s ; but fa l l o n with o ut an y f ear o r appr e

h en sion wh er e th e bir d s h a v e b een b efo r e th em .

B u t n o twith s tan d i n g a n i m al s h av e n o thi n g l ik e t h e u se

o f r eas on w e fi n d in th em a ll t h e l o w er p ar t s o f o u r n a tu re
, ,

20 t h e p ass i o n s a n d s en s es in th ei r g r eat es t s tr en g th a n d
p er f ecti on A n d h er e i t is w o r th o u r o bser va ti on th at al l
.
,

b east s an d bi r d s of p rey ar e w o n d er ful ly s ubj ect t o an ger ,

m a lic e r ev en ge a n d a l l th e o th er vi o l en t p ass i on s th a t
, ,

m ay an i m at e th em in s ea r ch o f t h eir p r o p er f o o d ; as th o s e
th a t are i n capabl e o f d ef en di n g th em selv es o r an n oy i n g ,

o th ers ,
or wh ose saf ety l i es chi e fl y in th ei r fli gh t ar e ,

su s pici o u s f ear fu l a n d a pp r eh en s iv e o f ev ery thi n g th ey

, ,

see o r h ear ; whi l st o th er s th a t ar e o f a ssi sta n c e a n d u s e

,

t o ma n h av e th ei r n a tu r es so ften ed with so m ethi n g m ild

30 an d t ract ab l e an d by t h a t m ean s a r e q u al ifi ed f o r a d o m es tic

,

l if e
. I n thi s c ase t h e p a ss i on s g e ner a lly c o rr es p o n d wi t h
th e m ak e o f th e b o dy W e do n o t fi n d t h e fu ry o f a l i o n
.

in s o w eak a n d d ef en c el ess an an i m a l a s a l a m b ; n o r t h e
m eek n ess o f a l am b in a c r ea t u r e s o ar m ed f o r batt le an d
assaul t a s t h e l i o n I n th e sam e m an n er w e fi n d t h a t
.
,

p ar ticu lar an i mals h av e a m o r e o r l ess exqui site shar pn es s

 I NST I NCT IN A NI M ALS .
67

an d saga city in th ose p ar ticu l ar s en ses which m os t t ur n t o

th ei r a dvan tage an d in which th ei r saf e ty a n d w el far e is
,

th e m o s t c o n c er n e d .

N o r m u s t w e h er e o m it th a t gr ea t v ar i ety o f ar m s with
which n a t u r e h as diff er en tly f o r tifi e d th e b o di es o f sev er al
ki n d o f an i m al s such as cl aw s h o o fs h o r n s t eeth an d
, , , , ,

tu sk s a tail a sti n g a tr u n k o r a p r o b osci s

, , ,
I t is l ik e
, .

wi s e o b ser v ed by n atu ral i sts th a t it m u st b e so m e hidd en

,

p r i n cipl e di sti n ct fr om wh a t w e c all r eason which i n s tr ucts

, ,

a n i m als in t h e u s e o f th es e th ei r ar m s an d t ea ch es th em 1 ,
0
t o m an age th em t o th e b est a dva n ta ge ; b e ca u s e th ey
,

n a tu r a lly d ef en d th em sel v es with th a t p ar t in which th ei r

s t r en g th l i es b efo r e th e w eap o n b e f o rm ed in it ; as is
,

rem ar k a b le in l a m b s w hi ch th o ug h t h ey ar e br ed withi n
, ,

d oo r s an d n ev er sa w th e a cti on s o f th ei r o w n speci es
, ,

pu s h a t th o se w h o a pp r oach t h em wi t h th ei r fo r eh ea ds ,

b efo r e t h e fi rs t buddi n g o f a h o r n a pp ear s .

I sh al l a dd t o th ese gen er al o b ser va ti on s an i n stan c e ,

which M r L o ck e h as g iv en u s o f P r o vi den c e e v en in th e
.

i m p er fecti o n s o f a c rea tu r e which seem s t h e m ean es t a n d 20

'

th e m os t d es pic a bl e in th e wh o l e a n i m al w o r l d We
“
.

”
m ay ,
say s b e f rom th e m ak e o f an oys t er o r c o ck l e
, , ,

c o n cl ud e th a t i t h as n o t so m an y n o r so q uick sen ses as

,

a m an o r s ev era l o th er a n i m a l s : n o r if it h a d
,
w o u l d it , ,

in th a t s ta t e a n d i n c a pa city o f t r an sfer r i n g itsel f f r o m o n e

p la c e t o a n o th er be b e ttere d by th em
,
W h at goo d w o u l d .

s i ht an d h ear i n do t o a c r ea tu re th a t ca n n o t m o v e it s elf
g g ,

t o o r f r om t h e o bj ect wh er ei n a t a di stan c e it p er c eiv es

,

go o d o r evi l ? an d w o u l d n o t q uick n ess o f s en sa ti o n b e an

i n c o n ven i en c e t o an a n i m a l th a t m u s t b e stil l wh er e 3 0
ch an c e h as o n c e p la c e d it a n d th er e r ec e iv e t h e afflux o f
c o ld er o r w ar m er cl ean o r f o u l w a t er as it h ap p en s t o
, ,
”
c o m e t o it ?
I sh all a dd t o thi s i n stan c e o u t o f M r L o ck e a n o th er .

o u t o f t h e l ea r n e d D r M ore w h o cit es it fr o m Car dan in

.
, ,

rel a ti o n t o a n o th er a n i m a l which P r o vid en c e h as l eft

 68 THE S PE CTATOR .

d ef ectiv e but at th e sam e ti m e h as sh o w n its wi s do m in

,

th e f o r m a ti on o f th at o r gan in which it s eem s chi e fly t o

h av e f a i l ed “ W h at is m o r e o bvi o u s an d o r di n ary th an a
.

m ol e ? an d y et wh a t m o r e p a l pa bl e ar gu m en t o f P ro vid en c e
th an sh e ? th e m em b er s o f h er b o dy are so ex actly fitt e d
t o h er n atu r e an d m an n er o f life : f o r h er dw ell i n g b ei n g
u n d er gr o u n d wh er e n o t hi n g is to b e seen n atu r e h as so ,

o b s cu r el y fitt e d h er with ey es tha t n atu r al i sts can scar c e

,

ag r ee wh eth er sh e h a v e a n y s i ght a t all or n o B ut f or , .

10 am en d s , wh a t sh e is c apabl e o f f o r h er d ef en c e an d
w ar n i n g o f dan ger sh e h as ver y em i n en tly c on ferr ed up o n
,

h er ; f o r sh e is e xc eedi n g quick o f h ear i n g A n d th en .

h er sh o r t ta i l an d sh o r t l eg s but b r oad f o r e f eet ar m ed

,
-

with sh ar p claw s ; w e see by th e ev en t to wh a t pu r p o se

th ey ar e sh e so s wiftly w o r ki n g h er s el f u n d er gr o u n d an d
, ,

m aki n g h er w ay so fas t in t h e ear th as th ey th a t b eh o ld

it can n o t but a dm i r e it H er l egs th er efo re ar e s h or t th a t
.
,

sh e n eed dig n o m o r e th an wi ll ser v e t h e m er e t hick n es s

o f h er b o d y ; a n d h er f o r e f eet ar e b r o a d th a t sh e m ay
-

20 s c o o p a w ay m uch ear th a t a ti m e ; a n d l itt l e o r n o t ai l

sh e h as b ec a u se s h e c o u rs es it n o t o n th e g r o u n d l ik e t h e
, ,

ra t o r m o u se o f wh o s e ki n d r ed sh e is ; but l iv es u n d er
,

th e ear th an d is f a i n
,
t o dig h ers elf a dw el l i n g th er e .

A n d sh e m ak i ng h er w ay th ro u gh so thick a n el em en t ,

which wi ll n o t y i el d eas ily as th e air o r th e w ater it h ad

, ,

b een d an g er ou s t o h a v e dr aw n so l on g a trai n b ehi n d h er ;

f o r h er en em y m i g ht fa l l up o n h er r ear an d f etch h er o u t , ,

befo r e sh e h ad c o m p l eted o r go t fu ll p ossessi on o f h er

work s .

30 I cann o t f or b ear m en t i on i n g M r B oy l e s r em ark up o n .

’

thi s las t cr ea t ur e wh o I r em em b er s om ewh er e in h is w or k s

,

o b ser v es th a t th o u g h th e m o l e b e n o t t o t al ly b l i n d (as it
,

is c om m on l y th o u g ht ) sh e h as n o t s i gh t en o u gh t o dis
t in guish p ar ticul ar o bj ects H er ey e is said t o h av e but
.

o n e hu m o u r in it which is su p p os ed t o g iv e h er th e idea
,

o f l ig ht but o f n o thi n g e l se a n d is so fo r m ed th a t thi s

,
 I NST I NCT IN A NIMALS .
69

i d ea is pro bab ly p ai n fu l to th e an im al W h en ev er sh e .

c o m es up i n t o br oa d day sh e m i ght b e in d an ger o f b ei n g

t ak en u n less sh e w er e thu s affect ed by a l i ght str iki n g
,

up on h er ey e an d i mm ed iately w ar n i n g h er t o bu r y h er self
in h er p ro p er el e men t M o r e si ght w o u ld b e u sel ess t o h er
.
,

as n on e a t a ll m i g ht b e fa t al .

I h av e on ly i n stan c ed such an i m al s as s eem th e m o s t

i m p er f e ct w o r k s o f n atu r e ; an d if P r ovi den ce sh o w s itsel f
ev en in th e b l em i s h es o f th es e c r ea tu r es h o w m uch m o r e
.

, ,

d o es it di sco v er itself in th e sev eral en d o w m en ts which it 10

h a s v ar i o u s ly b est o w ed up on s uch c r ea tu r es a s ar e m o r e o r
l ess fi n i sh e d an d c o m pl et e d in th ei r sev er al fa cu l ti es a cc o r d ,
'

in g t o th e c o n di t i o n o f l ife in w h ic h t h ey ar e p os t e d .

I c o ul d wi sh o u r R oya l S o ci e ty w o u l d c om pi l e a b o dy
o f n a tu r al hi s t o r y t h e b es t th a t c o u l d b e ga th er ed t o g eth er
,

lfr o m b o o k s an d o b ser va ti o n s If t h e sev er al wr it ers am o n g

.

th em to o k each h is p ar ticu lar s p eci es an d gav e u s a di s ti n ct,

acc o u n t o f it s o r i g i n al bi r th an d educati o n ; its p o lici es

, ,

h o sti l iti es an d al li an c es with t h e fram e an d t extu r e o f its

,

i n w ar d an d o utw ar d p ar ts a n d p ar ticu lar ly th o se th at dis 20

,

t in g uish it fr o m a ll o th er an i m al s with th ei r ,
p eculi ar
a ptitud es f o r th e s t a t e o f b ei n g in which p r o vid en c e h a s

p l a ce d th em it w o u l d b e o n e of th e b est s er vic es th ei r
,

s tudi es c o uld do m a n ki n d an d n o t a l itt l e r e d o u n d t o t h e

,

gl o r y o f th e al l wi se C o n t r iv er
-
.

It is t r u e such a n at u r al hi sto ry after all th e di squi s i

, ,

ti o n s o f th e l ear n ed w o uld b e i n fi n it ely sh or t an d d ef ec t ive

, .

S ea s an d d eser t s hid e m illi o n s o f an i m a l s f r o m o ur o bs er va

t i o n I n n u m erab l e ar tifi c es an d s tra t ag em s ar e a ct ed in
“ “
.

t h e h o w l i n g wi l d er n ess
”
a n d in t h e
g ea
r t d ee p ”
th a t 3 0 ,

can n ev er c o m e t o o u r k n o wl edg e B es id es th a t th er e are

.

i n fi n itely m or e sp e ci es o f cr ea tu r es w hich ar e n o t to b e
s een wi t h o ut n o r i n d e e d with t h e h e lp o f t h e fi n es t
, glasses ,

th an o f su ch as ar e bu l ky en ou gh f o r th e n ak ed ey e to t ak e
h o l d o f H ow ev er f r o m th e c o n sid era ti on o f s uch an i m al s
.
,

as lie withi n th e c o m p ass o f o u r k n o w l ed ge w e m ig ht ,

70 T HE S PECTATOR .

ea s ily f or m a c on clu s i o n o f th e r est th at t h e sam e var i ety ,

o f wi s d o m an d g o o d n ess r u n s th r o u h t h e wh o l e c r eati o n
g ,

an d pu t s ev er
y c r eatu r e in a c o n di ti o n t o p ro vid e f or it s
saf et
y a n d sub s i st en c e in it s p r o p er st ati on .

T ul ly h as g iv en u s an a dm i r abl e sk etch o f n a tu ra l hi sto r y

in h is s ec o n d b oo k c o n c er n in g th e N a t u r e o f t h e G o d s a n d
th at in a styl e s o ra i sed b y m etaph or s an d d escr ipti on s ,

th a t it l ifts th e subj ect a b o v e r aill ery an d r idicu l e which ,

f req u entl y fall on such n ic e o bs er vati o n s wh en th ey pass

th r o u gh th e h an d s o f an o r di n a ry w r iter L . .

l/ XV I I I . SI R R O G ER AT TH E A S SI Z E S .

No . 122 ] F r iday Ju ly,

20 , 17 11 .
[A ddi so n

C o m es uc u n du s
j in via p r o veh icul o e st .
—
Publ . Sy r . Fr ag .

An l
agreeab e c o m p an o n up o n i th e r o ad is as go o d as a c o ac h .

A M AN S fi r st c ar e sh o u l d b e t o av o id th e r ep r oa ch es o f h is
’

o w n h ear t ; h is n e xt t o es c ap e th e c en s u r es o f t h e w or ld
, .

If t h e l ast i n t er f er es with th e f or m er it o u ght t o b e ,

en ti r el y n egl ect ed but o th er wi se t h er e can n o t b e a g r eat er

sa t i sfa cti o n t o a n h o n es t m i n d t h an t o see th ose appr o ba
,

ti o n s which it g iv es its elf sec o n d ed by th e appl au ses o f

,

th e publ ic A m an is m o r e su r e o f h is c o n duct wh en th e
.
,

v er dict which h e pass es u po n h is o w n b ehav io u r is t hu s

war r an t ed an d c o n fi r m ed by th e o pi n i o n o f al l th at k n o w
h im .

M y w o r thy f r i en d Sir R o g er is on e of t h o se w h o is n ot

o n ly a t p ea c e withi n hi m self bu t b el ov ed an d es t eem ed by

,

a ll a b o ut h im H e r ec eiv es a s uita b le t r ibut e f o r h is u n i

.

v er sa l b en ev o l en c e t o m an ki n d in th e r e tur n s o f affec t i o n
,

an d
go o dwill which a re p a id h im by e v ery o n e th a t l iv es
,

wi t hin h is n ei g hb o u r h o o d I lat el y m et with tw o o r t h ree

.

o dd i n s t an c es o f th a t g en er a l r esp ec t which is s h ew n t o

th e go o d o l d k n i g ht H e w o uld n eeds c ar r y W il l W i m bl e
.

an d m y self with h im t o t h e c o un t r y assiz es A s w e w er e .

 S I R RO GER AT THE ASS IZ ES .
7]

up o n th ed W i ll W i m bl e j o i n ed a c o up l e o f pl ain m en
roa

w h o r id b ef o r e u s a n d c o n v ers ed with th em f or so m e
‘

ti m e ; du r in g which m y fr i en d Sir R o g er acqu ai n t ed m e

wi t h th ei r ch ara ct er s
“ Th e fi rs t o f th em say s h e
“ th a t h a th a span i el by
, ,

h is sid e is a y e o m an o f ab o ut a hu n d r ed p o u n d s a y ear ,
,

an h o n es t m an H e is ju st withi n th e gam e ac t, an d
.

qu al ifi ed t o ki ll an h ar e or a ph easan t H e k n o ck s d o w n .

a di n n er w ith h is g u n twic e o r th r ic e a w eek ; an d by

t ha t m ean s l iv es m uch ch eap er th an th o se w h o h av e n o t 10
so
go o d an es ta t e as hi m self H e w o u l d b e a go o d n ei g h
.

b o ur if h e did n ot d est r oy so m an y p ar tr idg es I n sh o r t .

,

h e is a v ery sen s ibl e m a n ; s h oo ts flyi n g ; an d h as b een

”
sev er al ti m es f o r em an o f t h e p etty j u r y
“
-
.

Th e o th er t ha t r id es al o n g with h im is T o m T o uchy ,

a f ello w f am o u s f or ta ki n g th e law o f ev ery b o dy T h er e ’

.

is n o t o n e in t h e t ow n wh er e h e l iv es tha t h e h as n ot
s u ed at a qu ar t er s ess i o n s Th e r o g u e h ad o n c e th e im
-
.

p uden c e t o go t o l aw wi th t h e W id o w H is h ea d is fu ll .

of c o s ts d am ages an d ej ectm en ts H e pl agu ed a c o up l e 20

, ,
.

o f h on es t g en t l em en s o l on g f o r a t r esp ass in br eakin g’

o n e o f h is h ed g es til l h e w as f o r c ed t o sel l t h e gr o u n d it
,

en cl o s ed t o def r ay t h e ch ar g es o f t h e p r o secuti o n H is .

fa th er l eft h im fo u rs c o re p ou n d s a y ear ; but h e h as c as t

a n d b een c as t s o o ft en , th at h e is n o t n o w w o r th thi r ty .

I s u pp ose h e is g o i n g up on th e o ld bu si n ess of t h e wil l o w

t r ee .

A s S ir R o g er w a s givi n g m e thi s a cc o u n t o f T o m T o uch y

’

Wi ll W i m bl e an d h is tw o c o m p an i o n s sto p p ed sh o r t ti ll
w e c am e u p t o th em After h avi n g p aid th ei r r es p ects to 3 0
.

S ir R o ger W ill to ld h im th a t M r T o uch y an d h e m u st

, .

a pp ea l t o h im up o n a di spu t e th at ar o s e b e tw een th em .

W i ll it seem s h ad been g i vi n g h is f ello w t rav ell er an

, ,
-

a cc o u n t o f h is an g l in g o n e day in such a h o l e ; wh en T o m

T ouch y i n s tea d o f h ear in g ou t h is sto ry t o ld h im th a t

, , ,

M r s uch a o n e if h e p l eased m i g ht tak e th e la w o f h im

.
, ,
’
 72 THE S PE CTAT OR .

f or fi shi n g in tha t par t o f th e r iv er M y fr i en d Sir R oger .

h ear d th em b o th up on a r o u n d tr o t an d after h avi n g

, ,

p au sed so m e tim e to ld them with t h e air o f a m an w h o

, ,

w o uld n o t giv e h is judg m en t rash ly t h a t m uch m i ght b e ,

‘

sa id o n b o th s id es Th ey w ere n eith er o f th em di ssati sfi ed

.
’

with th e kn i ght s d et er m i n a ti o n b ecau s e n eith er of th em

’
,

fo un d hi m self in th e w r o n g by it Up on which we m ade .

t h e b es t o f o ur w ay t o th e ass iz es .

Th e c o u r t w as sa t b efo r e S ir R o ger ca m e but n o t w ith ,

10 s tan di n g al l th e j u s tic es h ad tak en th eir p la c es up o n t h e

b en ch th ey m a d e r o o m f or th e o ld k n i ght at th e h ea d o f
,
-

th em w h o f o r h is r eputa ti on in th e c o u n try t oo k o cca si o n

, ,

to whi sp er in th e j ud ge s ear th a t h e w as gla d h is l o r d shi p

’
,

h ad m et w ith s o m uch g oo d w ea th er in h is ci r cuit I w as .

l i st en i n g t o th e pr o c eedi n gs o f t h e c o u r t with m uch att en

ti on an d i n fi n it ely pl eased wi th t h at gr ea t app ear an c e an d
,

so l em n ity which s o p r o p er l
y a cc o m pan i es s uch a publ ic
ad m i n i stra ti o n o f o u r l aw s ; wh en after a bo ut an h o u r s ,
’

s itti n
g I o b ser v ed t o my gr ea t su r pr i se in th e m id st Of
, , ,

20 a t r i al th a t m y f r i en d S ir R o er w as g etti n g u p t o sp ea k
, g .

I w as in so m e p ai n f o r h im u n ti l I fo u n d h e h ad a cquitt ed
,

hi m sel f o f tw o o r th r ee sen ten c es wi t h a lo o k of m uch ,

bu si n ess an d gr ea t i n trep idity .

U p o n h is fi r s t r i si n g th e c o u r t w as hu sh ed an d a gen er al ,

whi sp er ran am o n g th e c o u n tr y p eo pl e th at Sir R og er w as ‘

up Th e sp ee ch h e m ad e w as so li t tl e to t h e pu r p o se tha t
.
’
,

I sh a ll n o t tr o ubl e m y r ead er s wi t h an a cco un t o f it ; an d

I b eli e ve w as n o t so m uch d e si gn ed by t h e k n i ght him self
t o i n f o r m t h e c o u r t as t o g iv e h im a fi g u r e in m y ey e an d
, ,

30 k eep u p h is cr edit in th e c o u n try .

I w as hi ghly d eli ghted wh en th e c o ur t r o se t o see th e

, ,

g en t l em en o f th e c o u n t ry ga th er i n g ab o ut m y o ld f r i en d ,

an d s t r ivi n
g w h o sh o uld c o m pl i m en t h im m o s t ; at th e
sam e ti m e th a t t h e o r di n ar
y p eo p l e g az e d u po n h im at a
d i stan c e n o t a l ittl e a d m i r i n g h is c o u rage t h at w as n o t
, ,

a fra id t o s ea k t o t h e jud e
p g .
 74 THE SPECTATOR .

fi r st k ept m y u s u al s i l en c e but u po n th e k n i ght s c on j ur i n g ’

m e t o t ell h im wh e th er it w as n o t s till m o r e l i k e h i m s el f
than a Sara c en I c o m posed m y c ou n t en an c e in th e b est
m an n er I c o uld an d r ep l i ed tha t
,
,
“ m uch m i ght b e sa id o n
,
”
b o th sid es .

’
Th ese s ev er al ad v en tu r es with th e k n i ght s b eh avi o u r
,

in th em ga v e m e a s p l easan t a day a s ev er I m et with in

,

an
y o f m y t r a vels .

XIX . E D U CATIO N O F C OU N TRY S QUIRE S .

No . S a tu r d ay , Ju ly 21, 17 11 .
[ Addi son
D o c t rin a se d vi m p r o m o vet in sit am
R ec t iq ue cu ltu s p ec t or a robo ran t
U t c u n qu e def ec er e m or es,
D e dec o ran t ben e t
n a a c ul p a —
Ho r 4 0 d iv
. . .

Y e t th e b est bl o o d by l earn in g is refi n d ’

,

A nd virtu e arm s t h e soli d m in d

W h il s t vi c e will sta i n th e n o bl e st r ac e ,

A n d t h e p at ern al s tam p eff a c e O l dis w o rt h

.
—
.

As I w as y es t er d ay t a k i n g t h e a ir with m y fr i en d S ir
R o g er ,
we w er e m e t by a f resh c o l o u r ed r uddy y o u n g m an
-

wh o r id by us wi t h a c o u p l e o f ser van ts
fu ll sp ee d ,
"

20 b ehi n d h im U p o n m y i n q ui r y w h o h e w as S ir R oger
.
,

t o l d m e tha t h e w as a y o u n g g en tl e m an o f a c o n sid er a bl e
est at e w h o h ad b een e duc a t ed by a t en d er m o th er th a t
,

l iv ed n o t m a ny m i les f r o m t h e p l a c e wh er e w e w er e .

Sh e is a v e ry go o d l a dy say s m y f r i en d bu t t o o k s o
, ,

m u ch c ar e o f h er so n s h ea l t h th a t S h e h as m a d e h im
’
,

go o d f o r n o thi n g Sh e quick ly f o u n d t h a t r ea di n g w as
.

b ad f or h is ey es an d th a t w r i t i n g m a d e h is h ea d a ch e
,
He .

w a s l et l o o se a m on g th e w o o d s as so on as h e w as a b l e t o
r id e o n h orseba ck o r t o ca rry a g un up o n h is sh o uld er
,
.

T o b e b r i ef I f o u n d by m y f r i en d s a cc o u n t o f h im th a t
’
30 , , ,

h e h a d go t a g r ea t st o ck o f h ea l th b u t n o thi n g el se ; a n d ,
 ED U CAT I O N OF COUNTRY S QU I RES .
75

th a t if it w er e a m an
’
s y t o l iv e th er e w o u l d
bu s in ess on l ,

n ot be a m or e a cc o m p l i s h e d y o u n g f ell o w in t h e wh o l e

c o u n t ry.

T h e t r uth o f it is s i n c e m y r es idi n g in th ese p ar ts I

,

h av e s een an d h ear d i n n u m er abl e i n stan c es o f y o u n g h ei rs

an d eld er b ro t h ers w h o eith er f r o m th e i r o w n r efl ecti n g
,

up o n t h e esta tes th ey ar e b o r n to a n d th erefo r e thi n ki n g ,

a ll o th e r a cc o m p l i s h m en t s u n n ec es sar y or f ro m h ear i n g ,

th ese n o ti o n s f r equ en tly i n cu l ca t ed t o t h em by th e fl a ttery

o f th ei r s er va n ts a n d d o m es tic s o r f r o m th e sa m e f o o l i s h ,
‘

10
th o u ght p r evai l i n g in th o s e w h o h av e th e c ar e o f th ei r
educa ti o n ar e o f n o m an n er o f u s e but t o k e ep up th ei r
,

fam ili es an d tran sm it th ei r lan ds a n d h o u ses in a l i n e to

, .

p ost er ity .

Thi s mak es m e o ft en thi n k o n a s t ory I h a ve h ear d o f

t w o f r i en d s which I s h a l l g iv e m y r ea d er a t l ar ge u n d er
, ,

f ei gn e d n ames Th e m o ra l o f i t m ay I h o p e be u s eful
.
, , ,

th o u gh th ere are so m e ci r cu m stan ces which m ak e it ra th er

app ear l ik e a n o v el th an a t r u e sto r y,
.

E ud o xu s an d L eon t i n e b egan th e w o r l d wi t h sm all es tat es . 20

Th ey w er e b o th o f t h em m en o f g oo d sen se a n d gr ea t vi r tu e .

Th ey p ro secut ed th ei r studi es t o get h er in th ei r earl i er y ears ,

an d en t er ed i n t o s uch a f r i en d sh ip as l as t e d t o t h e en d o f

th ei r l iv es E ud o xu s a t h is fi rs t set t i n g o ut in th e w o r l d
.
, .
,

t h r ew h i m s el f i n t o a c o u r t wh ere by h is n atu r al en d o w ,

m en t s a n d h is a cqui r e d a biliti es h e m a d e h is w ay f r o m o n e
p o s t t o an o th er u n ti l at l en g th h e h ad ra i sed a v er y c o n
,

s idera bl e f o r tu n e L eo n ti n e o n th e c o n trar y so u ght all

.

o p p o r tu n iti es o f i m p ro vi n
g h is m i n d b y s t udy c on v er sa t i o n , ,

an d t ra v el H e w as n o t o n ly a c q u a i n t ed with al l th e
. 3 0
s ci en c es,
but wi t h t h e m ost em i n en t pr o f essors o f th em
th r o u gh o ut Eu r op e H e k n ew p er f ectly w el l th e i n t erests
.

of its p r i n c es wi t h t h e cu s to m s an d fa shi o n s o f th ei r
,

c o u r t s an d c o u l d s ca rc e m eet wit h th e n a m e o f a n e xtra

,

o r din a r y p er so n in t h e g a z ett e w h o m h e h ad n o t e ith er

talk ed to o r seen I n sh o r t h e h ad so w ell m ixt an d

.
,
 76 TH E SPE CTAT O R .

dig est ed k n ow l edg e of m en an d b o o k s th a t h e m ad e

h is ,

o n e o f th e m o s t a cc o m l i s h e d p ers o n s o f h is a e D ur i n g
p g .

t h e wh ol e c o u r se o f h is s tudi es a n d tr a v el s h e k ept up a
“

pu n ctual c o rr esp o n d en c e with E ud o xu s wh o often m a de ,

hi m s el f a cc ep tabl e t o t h e p r i n cip al m en ab o ut c o ur t by t h e
,

i n t el lig en c e which h e r ec eiv ed fr o m L eon ti n e W h en th ey .

w er e b o th tu r n ed o f for ty (an ag e in which a cc o r din g t o

“
M r C o w l ey, th ere is n o d al ly i n g with l if e ”) t h ey d et er
.

m i n ed pu r su an t t o th e r es o luti on th ey h ad t ak en I n t h e
,

10 b eg in n i n g o f th ei r l iv es t o r e ti r e an d p ass th e r em a i n d er
, ,

o f th ei r d a s in t h e c o u n tr y I n o r d er t o thi s th ey b o th
y .
,

o f th em m arr i ed m uch a b o ut t h e sam e ti m e L eo n ti n e .

,

with h is o w n an d h is wif e s f o r tun e, b o u g ht a far m o f

’

th r ee hun dr ed a y ear which l ay within th e n ei g hb o u r h o o d

,

o f h is f r i en d E ud o xu s w h o h a d pu r ch ase d a n es ta t e o f as
,

m an y th o u sa n d s Th ey w er e bo t h of th em f ath ers ab o ut
.

t h e sa m e ti m e E u d o xu s h avi n g a so n b o r n t o h im a n d
, ,

L eon ti n e a d au g ht er ; but t o th e u n sp eak abl e gr ief o f t h e

'

l a tt er h is y o un g wife (in wh o m all h is h ap p i n ess w as w r apt

,

20 up) di ed in a f ew d ay s a ft er t h e bi r th o f h er dau ght er .

Hi s afflicti o n w o uld h av e b een i n supp o r t abl e h ad n o t h e ,

b een c o m f or t ed by th e d aily vi s its an d c on v er sati o n o f h is

fr i en d A s th ey w er e o n e day ta lkin g t o g eth er wi t h th ei r
.

u su al i n ti m acy L eo n ti n e c on s id er i n g h o w i n ca p ab l e h e w as
, ,

o f g ivi n g h is d a u g ht er a p r o p er e duca t i o n i n h is o w n
h o u se an d Eud o xu s r efl ecti n g o n th e o r di n ar y b eh a vi o u r
,

o f a son
L
w h o k n o ws hi m self t o b e t h e h ei r o f a g r ea t
est a t e ,
th ey b o th agr eed u p on an e xch an g e o f child r en ,

n a m ely th a t t h e b o y sh o u l d b e b r ed up with L eo n ti n e as
,

3 0 h is So n a n d th a t t h e g i r l sh o u l d liv e wi t h Eud o xu s a s h is
,

dau gh t er u n ti l th ey w er e each o f th em a r r iv e d a t y ear s Of

'

di scr eti o n Th e wif e o f E ud o xu s kn o wi n g th at h er s on

.
,

c o uld n o t b e s o advan tag eo u sly br o u g ht up as u n d er th e

car e o f L eon tin e an d c on s id er i n g at th e sam e ti m e that h e
,

w o u l d b e p er p etu al ly u n d er h er o w n ey e w as by d egr ees ,

p r e va i l e d u p o n t o fa l l in wi th th e p ro j ect Sh e t h er efor e .
 78 THE SP E CTATOR .

trai n ed u p in a ll t h e sen ti m en t s o f h on o u r an d vi r tu e
b ecam e a v ery u n easy passi o n H e d esp a i r ed o f gai n i n g
.

a n h ei ress o f s o
gr ea t a fo r tu n e an d w o uld r ath er h a v e
,

di ed th an a tt em pt ed it by an y i n di r ect m eth o d s L eon i lla .

,

w h o w as a w o m an o f th e g r ea t es t b ea uty j o i n e d with t h e

gr ea t es t m o d es ty en t e r ta i n e d at th e sa m e t i m e a sec r et
,

p assi o n f o r Fl o r i o bu t c on duct ed h erself wi t h so m uch

,

p r ud en ce th at sh e n ev er g a v e h im th e l eas t i n tim a ti on o f
it. Fl o r i o was n o w en gaged in al l th o se ar ts an d
10 i m p r o v em en t s th a t ar e p r o p er t o ra i se a m an s p r ivat e ’

f o r t u n e an d g iv e h im a fi g u r e in h is c o u n try but
, ,

sec r et ly t o r m en t ed with th a t
p assi o n which bu r n s with th e
grea t es t f ury in a vi r tu o u s an d n o bl e h ear t wh en h e ,

r e c eiv ed a s udd en s u m m on s f r o m L eo n t i n e t o r epai r t o

h im in t h e c o u n t ry n e xt day Fo r it seem s Eud o xu s w as
.

so fill e d with t h e r ep o r t o f h is s o n s r ep ut a ti o n , t h a t h e
’

c o uld n o l o n ger wi t hh o l d m akin g hi m self k no w n t o h im .

T h e m o r n in g aft er h is a rr iv al at th e h o u se o f h is s u pp o sed
fath er L eon ti n e to ld h im th at Eud o xu s h ad so m ethi n g o f
,

20 gr ea t i m p o r t an c e t o c o m m u n ic a t e t o h im ; u p on which t h e
go o d m an em b r a c ed h im an d w ept ,
Fl or i o w as n o so o n er
.

arr i ve d a t t h e gr e a t h o u se th a t s t o o d in h is n ei ghb o u r h o o d ,

but E ud o xu s t o o k h im by t h e h an d a f t er th e fi r s t sa lut es ,

w er e o v er an d c on duc t ed h im i n t o h is cl o set
,
H e th er e.

O pen ed t o h im th e wh o l e s ec r et o f h is par en tag e a n d

e duc a t i o n
“
c on cludin g a f t er thi s m ann er : I h av e n o o th er
,

w ay left o f a ck n o w l ed g i n g m y g r atitud e t o L e o n ti n e th an ,

by m ar r y in g y o u t o h is da u ght er H e s h a ll n ot l o se th e
.

p l eas u r e of b ei n g y o u r f a t h er b y t h e di s c o v e r y I h av e
3 0 m ad e t o y o u L eon ill a t o o s h a l l b e s ti l l m y da u gh t er ; h er
.

filia l pi ety th o u g h m i spl ac e d h a s b een so ex em p l ar y th a t

, ,

it d eser v es th e g r ea t es t r ew ar d I c an c o n f er u p on it .

Y o u s h a ll ha v e t h e pl eas u re o f seei n g a gr ea t est a t e f a ll

t o y ou which y ou w o uld h a v e l o s t t h e r el i s h o f h ad y o u
,

kn o w n y ou r self b o r n t o it C o n tin u e o n l y t o d es er v e it
.

in th e sam e m a n n er yo u did b efo r e y o u w er e po s s essed of

 E D U CAT I ON OF COUNT R Y S QU IR ES .
79

it. I h av e l eft y o u r m o th er in th e n ext r o o m H er .

h ear t y ear n s t o w ar ds y ou S h e is m a ki n g th e sam e

.

”
d i sco v er i es t o L eo n i ll a which I h av e m a d e t o y o u rself .

F l o r i o w as so o v er wh el m ed wi t h thi s p r o fu si on o f h appi n ess ,

th at h e w as n o t ab l e t o m ak e a r ep ly but th r ew hi m sel f ,

d ow n at h is fa th er s f eet an d am id s t a fl o o d o f t ears
’
, ,

ki ssed an d em b ra c ed h is k n ees askin g h is b l essi n g an d , ,

ex pr essi n g in du m b sh o w th o se sen ti m en t s o f l o v e duty , ,

an d gr atit ud e tha t w er e t o o b ig f o r utt er an c e T o c on .

elud e th e h a pp y pa i r w er e m arr i ed a n d h al f Eu d o xu s s
’
, ,

es tate s ett le d up o n th em L eo n ti n e an d E u d o xu s p assed

.

th e r em ai n d er o f th ei r liv es t o g eth er ; a n d r e c e iv ed in t h e
dutifu l an d affecti on at e b eh a vi o u r of F l or i o an d L eo n il la
th e j u s t rec o m p en s e a s w ell as t h e n a tu r al e ffe ct s o f th a t
,

car e which th ey h ad b es t o w ed up on th em in th ei r
educa ti on . L .

XX . MI S CHI E F S OF PA RT Y S P I RIT .

No . Tu esd ay J ul y
, 24, 17 11 .

[ A ddi s on

N e p u er i, n e t a n t a an i m i s assu esc it e b el la
Neu p atri ae vali das in vi sc er e ver tit e vi r es .
—
V irg A en
. . vi . 83 2 .

T h is th irst o f k i n dred bl o o d my so n s detest

, , ,

Nor tu rn y our f o rc e again st y o u r c o un try s breast ’

—
D ry den . 20

M Y w o rt hy fr i en d Sir R o g er , wh en talki n g o f t h e we ar e

m a lic e o f p ar ti es v er y fr equ en tly t el l s us a n a ccid en t th a t

,

h ap pen ed t o h im wh en h e w a s a s ch o o l b oy which w a s a t -
,

th e t i m e wh en th e f eud s r a n hi g h b etw een t h e R o u n dh ea d s

an d C av ali er s Thi s w o r thy k n i ght b ei n g th en bu t a
.
,

s t r i pli n g h a d o cc a s i o n t o i n qui r e which w a s t h e w ay t o

,

S t A n n e s L an e up o n which t h e p ers o n wh o m h e s p o k e
’
.
,

t o i n s t ea d o f a n s w er i n g h is qu esti o n ca ll ed h im a y o u n g
, ,

p o pi sh c u r an d ask ed h im w h o h ad m a d e A n n e a s a in t ?
,

th e b o y b ei n g in so m e c o n fu si o n i n qui r ed o f th e n ex t h e 3 0
, ,
 80 T HE S PE CTATOR .

m et, which w a s th e w ay to A n n e s L an e ; but w as c all e d ’

a p r ick c ar ed c u r f o r h is p ai n s an d i n s t ea d o f b e i n g sh ew n
-
,

th e w ay w as t o ld th a t sh e h a d b een a sai n t b ef o r e h e w as
,

b or n an d w o u l d b e o n e after h e w as h an ge d “ U p on
,
“
.

t hi s
,
”
sa s Sir R o er
y g I did n o t thi n k fi t t o r ep eat t h e
,

f o r m er q u es ti o n but go i n g i n t o ev ery lan e o f th e n ei gh

,
”
b o urh o o d ask e d wh at th ey cal l e d th e n am e o f th a t l an e
,
.

B y which i n gen i o u s ar tific e h e f o u n d o u t t h e p l ac e h e

i n qui r ed a ft er with o ut g ivi n g o ff en ce t o an y p ar ty S ir
,
.

10 R og er g en eral ly cl o ses thi s n ar r a tiv e with r efl ecti o n s on

‘

th e m i schi ef th a t p a r t i es do in t h e c o u n tr y ; h ow th ey
sp o i l
go o d n ei ghb o u r h o o d an d m ak e h o n es t g en t l em en
,

h a te o n e an o th er ; b esid es tha t th ey m an if es tly t en d to th e

p r ej udic e o f th e lan d tax an d th e d es tr ucti o n o f th e gam e
,
.

Th er e c an n o t a g rea t er jud g m en t b efal a c o u n try than

s uch a d r ea dfu l s pi r it o f divi s i o n as r en d s a
g o v er n m en t
i n t o t w o di s ti n ct p eo p le an d m ak es th em gr eat er s tran g er s
,

an d m o r e av er s e t o o n e a n o th er th an if th e
y w er e a ctu a lly ,

t w o di ff er en t n a ti o n s T h e e ffect s o f s uch a divi si o n ar e

.

20 p er n ici o u s t o th e l as t d egr e e n o t o n l y with r egar d t o ,

th o se a dv an tages which th ey g iv e th e c o m m on en em y but ,

t o th o s e p r iv a t e evil s which th ey p r o duc e in th e h ear t o f

al m os t e v er y p ar ticu lar p ers on Thi s i n flu en c e is v ery .

fa ta l b o th t o m en s m o r a l s an d th ei r u n d ers tan di n gs ; i t
’

s i n k s t h e vi r t u e o f a n ati o n a n d n o t o n ly s o but d es t r o ys
, ,

e v en c o m m o n s en se .

A fu r i o u s p ar ty spi r it wh en it r ages in its full vi ol en c e

, ,
“
ex er t s it sel f in civi l w ar an d bl o o d s h ed ; an d wh en i t is

u n d er its g r eat est r estra i n ts n atu rally br eak s o u t in fals e

30 h o o d d etr a cti on cal u m n y an d a p ar ti al a dm in i st ra ti on o f
, , ,

j u st ice I n a w or d it fi ll s a n ati on with sp l een an d ran

.
,

c o u r an d exti n g ui sh es all th e seeds o f g o o d n atu r e

,
-
,

c o m passi on an d hu m an i ty
“
.
,

Plu t ar ch say s v er y fi n el y th at a m an sh o uld n o t al l o w

”
him self t o h at e ev en h is en em i es b ecau s e sa y s h e if
,
“ , , ,

yo u in dul ge thi s p ass i o n in so m e o ccas i o n s it wil l r i se o f ,

 82 TH E S PE CTAT O R .

—
B ooks ar eval ued up on th e l ik e c on sid era ti on s A n .

abu s iv e s cu r r il o u s s t l e p ass es f o r sa ti r e an d a du ll s ch em e
y ,

o f par ty n o ti o n s is ca ll ed fi n e w r i t i n g
-
.

Th er e is o n e pi e c e o f so phi str y p r acti sed by b o th s id es ,

a n d th a t is t h e t aki n
g a n y s c an dal o u s s t o ry th a t h as ev er
b een whi s p er ed o r i n v en t e d o f a pr iv a te m an f or a k n ow n ,

u n d o ubte d tr uth an d r ai si n g suitabl e Sp ecu la ti o n s up o n i t

,
.

C a l um n i es th at h av e n ev er b een p r o v ed o r h av e b een o ften ,

r efut ed ,
ar e t h e o r di n ary p o s tu l a tu m s o f th es e i n fam o u s

10 s c r ibbl er s up o n which th ey p r o c ee d as up o n fi rs t p r i n ci p l es
,

gra n t ed by a ll m en th o u g h in th ei r h ear ts th ey kn o w th ey
,

ar e f al s e o r at b es t v er y d o ubtfu l
,
W h en th ey h av e laid
.

th ese f o un dat i o n s o f s cu rr ility it is n o w on der tha t th ei r

,

s up er s t r uctu r e is every w ay an s w er ab l e t o th em If thi s .

sh am el ess p r a ctic e o f t h e p r es en t a g e en du r es m uch l o n g er ,

p ra i se an d r epr o ach wi ll c eas e t o b e m o tiv es of acti o n in

g oo d m en .

Th er e are c er tai n p er i o ds of ti m e in al l go v ern m en ts

wh en thi s i n hu m an s pi r it p r evai ls I taly w as l o n g tor n in
.

20 pi ec es by th e G u el f es an d Gib ell in es an d Fr an c e by t h o se
,

wh o w er e f o r a n d aga i n s t t h e l eag u e ; but it is v er y

u n h appy f o r a m an t o b e b o r n in su ch a s t or m y an d
t em p estu ou s seaso n It is th e r es tl ess am biti o n o f a r t f ul
.

m en th at thu s b r eak s a p eop l e i n t o fa cti o n s an d d r aw s ,

sev era l w ell m ean i n g p erso n s t o th ei r i n t er es t by a sp eci o u s

-

c on c er n f o r th ei r c o u n try H o w m an y h o n es t m i n d s ar e
.

fi l l ed with u n ch ar itabl e a n d bar b ar o u s n o ti o n s o u t o f th ei r ,

z eal f o r th e p ublic go o d ? W h a t c r u el t i es an d o utr ages

w o u ld th ey n o t c o mm it agai n s t m en o f an a dv erse p art y ,

30 wh om th ey w o u l d h o n o ur an d est eem if i n st ead of , ,

c on s id er i n g th em as t h ey ar e r ep r es en t ed th ey k n ew ,

th em as th ey ar e ? Thu s ar e p er so n s o f t h e g r ea t es t
p r o bity seduc ed i n to sh am efu l err o r s an d pr ejudic es
‘
,

m ad e b ad m en ev en by th a t n o bl es t o f p r i n cip l es th e
“ l o v e o f th ei r c o u n t ry ”
I can n o t h ere f o r b ear m en ti on
,

“
.

in g th e f am o u s Sp an i sh p r o v er b ,
I f th er e w er e n eith er
 MI SC H I E FS OF PARTY S P IRI T .
83

fo o l s n or k n a v es in th e w o r ld all p eo pl e w o u l d b e o f o n e
,
”
m in d .

Fo r my o w n p ar t I c o u l d h ear ti ly wi sh th a t all h o n es t
m en w o u l d en t er i n to an a sso ci a ti o n f o r th e s upp or t o f o n e
,

an o t h er aga i n s t t h e en d ea v o u r s o f t h o se wh o m th ey o u g ht

t o l o o k up o n a s th ei r c o m m on en em i es wh a tso ev er s i d e ,

th ey m ay b el o n g t o W er e t h er e s uch an h o n est b o dy o f
.

n eutr al f o r c es w e s h o u l d n ev er s ee th e w o r s t o f m en in
,

gr ea t fi g u r es o f l ife b ec a u s e th ey ar e u s eful t o a p ar ty ;
n o r th e b es t u n r eg ar d ed b ec a u s e th ey ar e ab o v e p ra cti si n g

th o se m eth o d s which w o u l d b e g ra t efu l to th ei r fa cti o n .

W e sh o u l d th en si n gl e ev er y c r i m i n al o ut o f th e h er d an d ,

hu n t h im do w n h o w ev er f o r m idabl e an d o v ergr o wn h e
,

m i ght app ear : o n th e c on t r ary w e sh o u l d sh el ter dis ,

tr essed i n n o c en c e an d d ef en d vi r tu e h o w ev er b eset with

, ,
-

c o n t em pt or r i dicul e en vy o r d efa m a ti on I n sh o r t w e
,
.
,

S h o u l d n o t an y l o n ger r egar d o u r f el l o w subj ects as whi gs -

o r t o r i es but sh o u l d m ak e t h e m an o f m er it o u r f r i en d ,
,

an d t h e vi ll a i n o u r en em y . C .

XX I . M I S CH I E FS O F P A RT Y S PIRIT —
Comin u ed .

No . W edn es d ay Ju ly ,
25 , 17 11 .
[ A ddi so n

T ro s R ut ul u sve f u at nu llo discrim in e h abebo .

—
V irg A en . . x . 103 . 20
R utul ia n s, T ro j an s, ar e th e sam e t o me —
D r yden .

I N m y y es ter d ay s p ap er I p r o p o se d ,
’
th a t th e h on es t m en
o f al l p ar ti es sh o u l d e n t er i n to a ki n d o f ass o ci ati o n
f o r th e d ef en c e o f o n e an o th er an d t h e c o n fu si on o f th ei r
,

Co mm o n en e m i es A s it is d esign ed thi s n eu t ral b o dy

.

sh o u l d a c t with a r egar d t o n o thi n g but t r uth an d e uit

q y ,

a n d div es t th em s elv e s o f t h e l itt l e h ea t s a n d p r ep o s sess i o n s

th a t cl eav e t o p ar ti es o f al l k i n d s I h av e p r epar ed f o r ,

th em th e f o ll o wi n g f o r m o f a n asso ci ati o n which m ay ,

exp r ess t h ei r i n t en t i on s in th e m o s t p lai n an d si m pl e 3 0

m an n er .
 84 THE SPECTATOR .

W e wh o s e n am es ar e h er eu n t o su b sc r ib ed do so l emn l y
d ec lar e t ha t w e do in o ur c on sci en c es b e li ev e t w o an d tw o
,

m a k e f o u r an d th a t w e s h all a djud g e an y m an wh a t s o
ev er t o b e o u r en em
y w h o en d eav o u r s t o p er su a d e u s t o
t h e c o n t r ar y
. W e ar e l ik ewi se r eady to m ai n t ai n with th e
h a zar d o f all th a t is n ear an d d ear t o us th a t six is l ess
,

t h an sev en in all ti m es an d a ll pl ac es ; an d th a t t en wi ll
n o t b e m o r e th r ee y ears h en c e th an it is a t p r esen t We .

do al so fi r m ly d ecl ar e th a t it is o u r r eso l uti o n as l o n g as

,

10 w e l iv e t o call b la ck b la ck a n d white whit e

, A nd w e .

S h all up o n all o cc as i o n s o pp o se such p erson s th at up on an y

day o f t h e year s h all c a l l b lack white o r white b l a ck
, ,
”
with th e utm o st p er i l o f o ur l iv es an d fo r tun es .

W er e th er e su ch a c o m bi n a ti o n o f h on es t m en wh o ,

with o ut an y r egar d t o p l a c es w o u l d en d eav o u r to ex ti rpat e

al l such fu r i o u s z eal o t s as w o u l d sa cr ific e o n e h al f o f th ei r

c o u n try t o th e p assi o n an d i n t er est o f th e o th er ; as al so

s uch i n fam o u s hy po cr it es th at ar e f or p r om o ti n g th ei r
,

o w n a dv an t ag e u n d er c o l o u r o f t h e pub l ic g o o d ; with a ll

20 th e pr o fl igat e i mm o ra l r eta i n er s t o ea ch si d e th a t h a ve ,

n o thi n g t o r ec o mm en d th em but an i m p l icit s ub m i ss i o n t o

th ei r l ead er s ; w e sh o u l d so on s ee th a t f u rio u s p ar ty spi r it -

e x t i n gui sh ed
, which m ay in ti m e exp o se u s to th e d er i si on
a n d c o n t em pt o f a ll t h e n a ti o n s a b o ut u s .

A m em b er o f thi s so ci ety that w o u l d thu s c ar eful ly

em pl o y hi m s el f in m aki n g r o o m f o r m er it by th r o win g
,

d o wn t h e w or th less an d d epr av ed p ar t o f m an ki n d fr om
th o se c on spicu o u s stati o n s o f lif e t o which th ey hav e b een
so m e ti m es a dv an c e d a n d al l thi s wi th o ut an y r egar d t o
,

30 h is p r iv at e i n t er es t w o u l d b e n o s m all b en efa c to r t o h is
,

c o u n tr y .

I r em em b er t o h a v e r ea d in D io dor us Sic ul us an
a cc o u n t o f a v ery a c t iv e l ittl e an i m al which I thi n k h e
,

call s th e ich n eu m o n th at m ak es it th e wh o l e bu si n ess o f

,

h is l if e t o b r ea k th e egg s o f t h e cr o c o di l e which h e is ,

a l w ay s in sear ch a f t er Thi s i n sti n ct is th e m o r e r em ark

.
 86 THE S PE CTATOR .

i n t er est Thi s hu m o u r is so m o d erat e in each o f th em

.
,

th a t it p r o ceed s n o far th er th an t o an a gr eeabl e ra i ller y ,

which v ery o ft en div er ts th e r es t o f th e club I fi n d .

h o w ev er t h at th e k n i ght is a m uch str on ger T or y in t h e

c o un tr y th an in t ow n wh ich as h e h as t o l d m e in m y ear
, ,

is a b so lu t el y n e c es sary f o r th e k eepi n g up h is i n t er es t .

I n all o ur j o u rn ey f ro m L o n d o n t o h is h o u se w e did n o t
so m uch as b a i t at a W hi g in n ; or if b y ch an c e t h e

co a chm an sto p p ed at a w r o n g pl a c e o n e o f Sir R og er s

,
’

10 ser v an t s wo uld r id e up t o h is m ast er fu ll s p eed a n d whi sp er ,

t o h im t h a t t h e m as t er o f th e h o u s e w as agai n st such an
o n e in t h e l as t e l ecti o n Thi s o f t en b et ray ed u s i n t o h ar d
.

b ed s an d b a d ch eer ; f or w e w er e n o t so i n q ui si t iv e a b o ut
th e in n a s th e i n n k eep er ; an d p r o vid ed o u r l an d l o r d s
’

pr i n cipl es w er e so u n d did n o t t ak e an y n o tic e o f t h e

,

st a l en ess o f h is p r o vi s i o n s Thi s I f o u n d s t i ll th e m or e
.

i n c o n v en i en t b ec au se t h e b ett er th e h os t w as th e w o rse
, ,

en era ll y w er e h is a cc o mm o d a ti o n s ; t h e f e ll o w k n o wi n g
g
v ery w ell t h a t th o se w h o w er e h is f r i en d s w o uld t ak e up
20 with c o ar se di et an d a h ar d l o dgin g Fo r th ese r eason s .
,

a ll t h e whil e I w as u po n t h e r o a d I d r ead ed en t er i n g i n t o

a h o u s e o f a n y o n e th a t S ir R o g er h ad a p p la ud ed f o r an

h o n es t m an .

Si n c e m y s t ay at S ir R o g er s in t h e c o u n tr y I dai ly
’
,

fi n d m o r e i n st an c es o f thi s n ar r o w p a r ty hu m o u r -
B ein g .

up o n th e b o wli n g gr een a t a n ei g hb o u r i n g m ar k et t o wn
- -

th e o th er day (f o r t h a t is t h e pl a c e wh er e t h e gen tl em en
,

o f o n e s id e m eet o n c e a w eek ) I o bser v e d a s t r an g er

am o n g th em o f a b et t er p resen c e a n d g en t eel er b eh a vi o u r

3 0 t h an o r din ar y ; bu t w as m uch s u r pr i se d th at n o t w it h ,

st a n di n g h e w as a v er y f a i r b e tt o r n o b o dy w o u l d tak e
,

h im u p . B u t u p o n i n q ui r y I f o u n d th a t h e w a s o n e w h o
, ,

h a d g iv en a di sag r eeabl e v o t e in a f o r m er p ar li am en t f o r ,

which r eas on t h er e w as n o t a m an up o n th a t b o wl i n g
r een w h o w o uld h a v e so m uch c o r r es p o n d en c e with h im
g
as t o w in h is m on ey of h im .
 MI S CHI EFS OF P A R TY S PI RI T .
87

A m o n g o th er i n stan c es o f thi s n atu r e I m u st n o t o m it ,

o n e which c o n c er n s m y self W i ll W i m bl e w as th e o th er
.

day r ela ti n g sev eral s t ran ge st o r i es th at h e h a d pick ed up ,

n o b o dy k n o w s wh ere o f a c er ta i n g r ea t m an ; a n d up on
,

my s t ar i n g at h im as o n e th a t w as s u r p r i sed t o h ear
,

s uch thi n gs in th e c o u n try , which h ad n ev er b een so

m uch as whi sp er e d in t h e t o w n Wi ll s to pp ed sh o r t in th e ,

th r ead o f h is di sc o u rse an d af t er d i n n er ask ed m y f r i en d

,

S ir R o ger in h is ear if h e w as s u r e th a t I w as n o t a
fan atic .

I t giv es m e a ser i o u s c o n c er n t o see s uch a spi r it o f dis

s en s i o n in t h e c o u n t ry ; n o t o n l y a s it d es t r o y s vi r tu e an d

c o mm o n sen se an d r en d er s u s in a m an n er b ar b ar i an s
,

to war ds o n e an o th er but as it p er p etu a t es o u r an i m o si t i es,

,

wid e n s our b rea ch es an d tran sm its o ur pr esen t p assi o n s

,

a n d p r ej udic es t o o u r p o s t er it
y Fo r m y o w n par t I am
.
,

s o m eti m es af raid th a t I di s c o v er th e seed s o f a civi l w ar in

th ese o ur div i si o n s ; an d th er ef o re c an n o t but b ewa il as ,

in th ei r fi rs t p r i n cip l es t h e m i s er i es an d c al am iti es o f o ur
,

childr en . C .

XXI I . S IR RO GE R A N D TH E G IP S IE S .

No . M on d ay July ,
3 0 , 17 11 .
[ A ddi son
Sem p erq u e rec en es t
C o n vec tare j uvat p raedas, et viver e r ap t o .

V irg E . n. v11 . 7 48 .

A p lun der in g rac e still , eager to in va de ,

O n s p oil t h ey l ive an d ,
m ak e of th ef t a trade .

As I w as y es ter d ay r idin glo ut in th e fi eld s [wi t h m y fr i en d

x

e s aw at a l it t l e di s t an c e f ro mu s a t r o o
fl

S ir R o er p of
g i p s i es
.
g ,

U p o n t h e fi r s t di sc o v er y o f th em m y f r i en d w as ,

in so m e d o ubt wh eth er h e sh o u l d n o t ex e t t h e ju s tic e o f

r
p eace up o n s uch a ban d o f la wl ess v agran t s but n o t h avi n g
h is c l er k with h im w h o is a n ec essary c o u n sell o r o n t h es e
,
 88 THE SPE CTAT OR .

o ccasi o n s an d f ear i n g th a
, l t ry m i ght far e t h e w o r se
f or it h e l et th e th o u g ht
, u t at t h e sam e ti m e g av e

m e a p ar ticul a r a cc o u n t o f t h e m i sch i efs th ey do in t h e

c oun tr in s t ea lin g p e o p l e s go o d s an d s p o ilin g th eir ser
’

y ‘ , ,

v a n ts I f a st r ay pi ec e o f l in en h an gs up on an h edge ”

“
.
,

say s S ir R o er th ey ar e su r e t o h av e it ; l o ses
g ,

h is w ay in th e fi eld s it is t en to o n e but h e
,
th ei r
p r ey : o u r g eese c an n o t l iv e in p ea c e f o r th e m an

“
pr o se th em with sev er i ty h is h en r oo s t is s u r e t o pay,
-

10 f o r it Th ey gen er all y s traggl e i n to th ese p ar ts ab o ut thi s

ti m e o f th e y ear ; an d s et th e h ead s o f o ur s er van t m aids -

s o ag og f o r hu s ban d s th a t w e do n o t e x p ect t o h av e an y '

bu si n ess do n e as it sh ou l d b e whil st t h ey ar e in t h e c o un try

,
.

I h av e an h on est d ai ry m a id w h o c r osses th eir han d s wi t h

-

a pi ec e o f s ilv er ev er y su m m er an d n e v er f ai l s bei n g pr o
,

m ised t h e h a n ds o m es t y o u n g f ell o w in t h e p ar i sh f o r h er
p ain s. o ur fr i en d t h e butl er h as b een f o o l e no u gh t o b e
’
s educ e d b th em ll an d th o u h h e is su r e to l o se a k n if e
y ; g ,

a fo r k o r a s p o on ev er y ti m e h is f o r tu n e is t o l d h im
, ,

20 gen erally shut s hi m sel f up in t h e p an t r y with g i p sy

f o r a b o ut h alf a n h o u r o n c e in a tw elv em o n th .

ar e t h e thi n s th ey l iv e u o n which th ey b esto w v ery

g p ,

p l e n tifu lly up on a ll th o se tha t app l y th em s el v es t o them .

Y o u s ee n o w an d th en s om e h an d s om e y o u n g j a d es a m o n g
th em th e sluts h a v e v ery o ft en whi t e teeth an d bla ck ey es .

Sir R o g er o b s er vi n g th a t I li s ten e d with gr ea t a tt en ti o n

,

t o h is a cc o u n t o f a p eo p l e w h o w er e so en ti r ely n ew t o m e ,

to ld m e t h a t if I w o u l d th ey S h o uld t ell u s o u r
, ,

A s I w as v er y w ell p l ease d with th e k n i ght s p r o p o sal w e

’
,

3 0 r id up an d c o mm u n ic a t ed o u r h an d s t o th em A C assan d ra .

o f t h e c re w a ft er h avi n, g e x am i n e d m y lin es v ery dili g en tly ,

t o l d m e tha t I l o v ed a p r etty m aid in a c or n er \th a t I w as ,

a g o o d w o m an s m a n with s om e o th er p ar ticul ars which

’
, ,

I d o n o t thi n k p r o per t o r el a t e M y fr i en d Sir R og er .

a li g ht ed fr o m h is h o r s e an d e xp o s i n g h is p al m t o t w o o r
,

th r ee th at s t o o d by h im \ th ey c r u m pl ed it i n t o all sh ap es
, ,
 90 THE SPECTATOR .

carr i es p assen ger s fr o m L ey d en t o A m s t er dam w as putti n g ,

o ff,
a bo
y r u n n i n g al on g t h e sid e o f th e ca n a l des i re d t o
b e t ak en in ; which t h e m as t er o f t h e b oa t r efu s e d b ec a u se
th e la d h a d no t quit e m o n ey en o u gh t o p ay th e u su a l f are .

A n em i n en t m er ch an t b ei n g pl eased with t h e l o o k s o f t h e
b oy an d secr etl y t o uch e d w ith c om p assi o n to w ar d s h im
, ,

p a id th e m o n ey f o r h im an d o r d ere d h im t o b e tak en o n
,

b oar d Up on ta lki n g with h im aft er w ar d s h e f o u n d th at

.
,

h e c o u l d s p ea k r eadily in th r ee o r f o u r l an g u ages an d ,

10 l ear n e d u p on fu r th er e x am i n a ti on th a t h e h ad b een s t ol en
, ,

a w ay wh en h e w as a chi l d by a g ip sy a n d h a d r am bl e d
,

ev er s i n c e with a ga n g o f th o s e s t r o ll er s u p an d d o wn

sev er a l p ar t s o f E u r o p e It h app en ed th a t t h e m er ch an t
.
,

wh ose h ear t seem s t o h a v e i n cli n ed t o w ar d s t h e b o y by a

se c re t ki n d o f i n s ti n ct h a d hi m sel f l os t a child so m e y ears
,

b ef or e T h e p ar en t s a f t er a l on g sear ch f or h im g av e
.
, ,

h im f or dr o w n ed in o n e o f t h e can al s with which th a t

c o u n tr y ab o u n d s ; an d th e m o t h er w as so afflict ed at th e
l o ss o f a fi ne b o y w h o w as h er on ly s on t h at sh e di e d
, ,

20 f o r gr i ef o f it Up o n l ay i n g t oget h er al l par ticu lars an d

.
,

e x am i n i n g t h e sev era l m o l es a n d m ar k s by which t h e

m o th er u sed t o d es cr ib e t h e chi l d wh en h e w as fi r s t
m i ss in g t h e b o y p r o v e d t o b e th e so n o f t h e m er ch a n t
, ,

wh o se h ear t h ad so u n a cc o u n t ably m el t ed at th e si ght o f

h im . Th e l ad w as v er y w el l pl eased t o fi n d a fa th er w h o
w as s o r ich an d li k el y t o l ea v e h im a go o d estat e : th e
,

fat h er o n th e o th er h an d w as n o t a li tt l e d elight ed t o see

, ,
“
a so n r etu r n t o h im wh om h e h a d g iven f o r l ost wi t h
, ,

s uc h a s t ren g t h o f c o n sti t uti o n sh a r pn ess o f u n d er stan di n

, g ,

3 0 an d skill in l an g u a g es
”
H er e th e pr i n t ed s t or y l ea v es o ff ;
.

but if I m ay g ive c r edit t o r ep o r ts o ur l i n g ui st h avi n g ,

r ec eiv e d s uch e x t rao r di n a r y r udi m en t s t owar d s a go o d

ed u c a t i o n w as aft er w a r d s t rai n e d u p in ev ery t hi n g th a t
,

b ec o m es a g en t l em an ; w ear i n g o ff b y littl e an d l it t l e al l
, ,

th e vici o u s h a bit s a n d p r a ctic es t h a t h e h a d b een u se d t o

in t h e c o u r se o f h is p er egr i n a ti o n s N ay i t is sa i d tha t
.
, ,
 S I R RO GER AND THE GI PS I ES .
91

h e h as i c b een em p l oy ed in f o r ei gn c o u r ts up on n ati on al
s n e

bu si n ess with gr eat r ep u ta ti o n t o hi m self an d h o n o u r t o

, ,
’

th o se w h o sen t h im an d th a t h e h as vi s it ed sev eral

,

c o un tr i es as a public m in i s ter in which h e f or m er ly ,

w a n der ed as a g ip sy
‘

Z/ X X I I I . TH E COU N TR Y S O PI N IO N ’
OF TH E
S P E CTATOR .

No . Tu esd ay Ju ly ,
3 1, 17 11 .
[ Addi son
I p sae r ursu m c on c e dit e sy lvae .
—
V i rg . E el . x . 63 .

On c e m ore, y e w o o ds, a dieu .

I T is u su al f or a m an w h o l o v es
c o u n t ry spo r ts t o p r eser v e
t h e gam e in h is o w n g ro u n d s a n d div er t hi m sel f up o n th o s e
,

th a t b el on g to h is n ei ghb o u r M y fr i en d S ir R og er g en er —
. 0
l

a l ly g o es t w o o r th ree m i l es f r o m h is h o u s e, a n d g et s i n t o

t h e f ro n t i ers o f h is esta t e b ef or e h e b ea ts a b o ut in sear ch

-

o f a h ar e o r p ar t r id g e o n pu r p o s e t o s p are h is o w n fi eld s
, ,

wh er e h e is a lw ay s su r e o f fi n di n g div er si o n wh en th e ,

w o rs t c o m es t o th e w o rs t B y thi s m ean s t h e b ree d ab o ut

.

h is h o u se h as t i m e t o i n c r ea se an d m ul t ipl y b es id es tha t ,

th e sp or t is t h e m o r e agr eeabl e wh er e th e ga m e is th e
h ard er t o c o m e at an d d o es n o t lie so th ick as t o p r o duc e
,

an y p er p l exity o r c o n fu s i o n in t h e p u rsuit Fo r th es e .

r easo n s t h e c o u n tr y
g en tl em an l ik e t h e f o x sel d o m p r ey s 20
, ,

n ea r h is o w n h o m e .

I n t h e sam e m an n er I h av e m a d e a m o n th s excu r s i o n ’

o u t o f th e t o w n which is th e g rea t fi eld o f g am e f o r

,

s p o r t sm en o f m y s p e ci es t o t r y m y f o r tu n e in t h e c o u n t ry
, ,

wh er e I h av e s tar t ed sev er al subj ec ts an d hu n t ed th em ,

do w n wi th som e pl easu r e t o m y self a n d I h Op e t o o t h ers

, , .

I am h er e f o r c e d t o u se a g rea t d ea l o f dili g en ce b ef o r e I
can s pr i n g an y thi n g t o m y m i n d wh er eas in t o w n whi lst , ,

I am fo ll o wi n g o n e char ac t er i t is t en t o o n e bu t I am ,

c r o ssed in m y w ay by an o th er an d pu t u p s uch a 3 0 ,

var i ety o f o dd c rea tu res in b o th sex es t h a t t h ey f o i l ,

 92 TH E S PE CTATO R .

th e c
s en t o f o n e an o t h er an d p uz zl e th e c h a c e My
, .

g rea t es t diffi cu l ty in t h e c o un t r y is to fi n d sp o r t a n d in ,

t o w n t o c h o o se it . I n th e m ean ti m e as I h av e g iv en a ,

wh o le m on th s r est t o th e citi es o f L o n don an d W est

’

m i n st er I p r om i se m y sel f a bu n d an c e o f n ew ga m e up o n
,

m y r e tu r n thith er .

It is i n d eed hi g h tim e f or m e to l eave th e c o u n try ,

S i n c e I fi n d th e wh o l e n eig hb o u r h o o d b eg i n to gr o w v ery
i n qui sitiv e a ft er m y n am e an d ch ara cter ; m y l o v e of
10 sol itu d e tacitu r n ity an d p ar ticu l ar w ay of l if e havi n g
, , ,

r a i se d a
gr ea t c u r i o s ity in a ll th ese p ar ts .

Th e n o ti o n s which ha v e b een fram e d o f m e ar e var i o u s ;

so m e l o o k up on m e as v ery p r o ud so m e as ver y m o d es t
, ,

an d so m e as v ery m elan ch oly W il l W i m bl e as my

.
,

fr i en d th e bu t l er tel l s m e o b ser vi n g m e v ery m uch alon e

, ,

a n d ex t r em el y s i l en t wh en I a m in c o m an y is afra id I
p ,

h a v e kill e d a m an . T h e c o u n t ry p e op l e s eem t o s u sp ect

m e f o r a c o n j u r er ; an d so m e o f th em h ear i n g o f th e vi s it
which I m a d e t o M o l l W hit e wi ll n eed s h av e it th a t S ir
,

20 R o ger h as br o u ght d o w n a cu n n i n g m an with h im t o ,

cu r e th e o l d w o m an a n d f r ee th e c o u n try fr o m h er
,

ch ar m s S o th a t th e ch ara ct er w hich I go u n der in pa r t

.
,

o f t h e n ei g hb o u r h o o d is wh a t th ey h er e ca l l a W hit e
,

Witch .

A ju st ic e o f p eac e w h o l iv es a b o ut fi ve m il es o ff an d
, ,

is n o t o f Sir R o g er s p a r ty h as it s eem s said twic e o r

’
,

th r ic e at h is ta bl e tha t h e wi sh es S ir R oger d o es n o t
,

h ar b o u r a J esuit in h is h o u se an d th a t h e thi n k s th e ,

en t l em en o f t h e c o u n t r y w o u l d do v er y w ell t o m ak e m e
g
3 0 g iv e so m e a cc o u n t o f m y se lf .

O n th e o th er s id e s om e o f S ir R o ger s fr i en d s ar e afr a id
’
,

th e o l d k n i g ht is i m po sed u p o n b y a d es i gn i n g f ell o w ,

an d as th ey h av e h ear d th at h e c o n v er ses v ery pr o

m isc u o u sly wh en h e is in t o wn do n o t k n o w but h e h as ,

br o ugh t do w n w i t h h im so m e di s c ar d ed W hi g t h a t is
'

s u ll en
,
a n d say s n o thi n g b ec a u s e h e is o u t o f pl a c e .
94 T HE SPE CTATOR .

to t o wn b ei n g all o f u s cu r se dly afraid th o u wi l t n o t b e

,

a b l e t o r el i s h o u r c o m a n
p y a fter t h y c on v er sati o n s with ,

M o l l W hit e an d W ill W i m bl e ,
P r y th ee do n o t s en d us .
’

u p an y m o r e st or i es o f a c o ck an d a bu ll n o r f ri ght en th e ,

to w n with spi r its an d witch es T h y sp ecu la ti o n s b egi n to .

sm el l c o n f o u n d edl
y o f w o o d s an d m ea d o w s If th o u d o s t .

n o t c o m e up quickl
y w e s h al l c o n c l u de th a t th o u ar t in
,

l o v e with o n e o f S ir R oge r’ s dai ry m a id s S er vic e t o th e -

.

k n igh t S ir A n d r ew is g r o w n t h e c o ck o f th e c l ub s i n c e
.

h e l ef t u s an d if h e d o es n o t r et ur n quickly wil l m ake

,

ev er y m o t h er s so n o f u s c o mm o n w eal th s m en
’ ’
'

-
.

D ear S pec ,

thi n e et er n all y ,

W I LL H ONE Y C O M B .

XXI V . A S CE N E I N A S TA G E C O A CH .

No . 13 2 ] W edn es day Au g u s t ,
1, 17 11 .
[Steel e
vi det aut plur a l o quitur au t
‘

Qu i , t emp u s q u d p o stul et
au t i non , ,

se o st en t at , au t c or um qu ibu sc u m est r ati o n em n o n h abet is in ep tu s ,

esse dic itu r .

—
Tu ll .

T h at m a n m ay b e ll ed imp ertin ent wh o c o n siders n ot th e

ca ,

c ir c um s tan c es o f t i m e o r in g ro sses t h e c o nversa ti o n or m ak es

, ,

h im self t h e subj ec t o f h is dis co u rse or p ay s n o regar d t o t h e ,

c o mp an y h e is in .

H AV I N G tifi ed t o m y go o d fr i en d Sir R o g er th a t I sh ou l d
no

s et o ut f o r L o n d o n t h e n ext day h is h o r ses w er e ready at ,

t h e a pp o i n t ed h o u r in th e ev en i n g ; an d a tt en d ed by o n e
o f h is g r o o m s I a r r iv e d a t t h e c o u n t y t o w n a t t wili ght —
, ,

in o r d er t o b e r ead y f o r t h e s ta ge c o a ch th e day fo l l o wi n g -
.

A s so o n a s w e a r r iv e d a t t h e in n th e s er van t w h o w aite d
-
,

up o n m e i n qui r ed o f th e C h am b er lai n in m y h ear i n g wh a t

,

c o m pan y h e h ad f or th e c o ach ? T h e f el lo w an s w er ed
“ M r s B etty A r abl e th e g r ea t f or tu n e an d t h e wid o w
.
,
,

h er m o t h er ; a r ec r ui ti n g o ffi c er (w h o t o ok a p l a c e b eca u se
 A SC E N E I N A STA G E COACH .
95

th ey w er e t o g o) y o u n g qui r e Q uick set h er c o u si n (th at

s

h er m o th er wis h e d h er t o be m ar r i e d t o ) ; Eph r a i m th e
q u ak er h er g u a r di an ; a n d a g en t l em an th a t h a d s t udi ed
,

hi sel f du m b f r o m Sir R o ger de C o er ey s

m v l ”
I o b ser v ed
’
.

by wha t h e said o f m y sel f th a t a cco r di n g t o h is o ffic e b e

,

d eal t m uch in in t el li g en ce an d d o ubt ed n o t but t h er e w as

s o m e f o u n d a ti o n f o r h is r ep o r t s o f t h e r es t o f th e c o m p an y ,

as w el l as f o r t h e whi m s ical a cc o u n t h e ga v e o f m e Th e .

n e xt m o r n i n at day b r ea k w e w er e a ll c a ll ed ; an d I w h o
g
-

k n o w m y o w n n a tu ral sh y n ess an d en d eav o u r t o b e as

,

l itt l e l i abl e t o b e di sput ed with as p ossibl e d r essed ,

i m m edi ately th a t I m ight m ak e n o o n e w ait T h e fi rst

,
.

p r epara ti on f o r o ur s etti n g Ou t was th a t t h e capta i n s ,

’

h alf pik e w a s p l a c ed n ear th e c oa ch m an an d a d ru m ,

b ehi n d th e c oach I n th e m ean ti m e th e d r u m m er th e

“
.
,

c aptai n s equipage w as v ery l o ud

’
,
th a t n o n e o f t h e
,

c aptai n s thi n gs sh o u l d b e p lac ed so as t o b e sp o i l ed

’

up on which h is c l o k e b ag w as fix ed in t h e sea t o f th e
~

c oach ; an d th e capta i n hi m s elf a cc or di n g t o a fr e qu en t

,

th o u gh i n vidi ous b eh a vi o u r o f m ilitary m en o r d ered h is ,

m an t o l o o k sh ar p th at n o n e but on e o f th e la di es S h o u l d
,

h a ve th e p la c e h e h a d t ak en f ro n tin g t o th e c oach b o x -
.

W e w er e in s o m e l ittl e ti m e fi x ed in o u r seat s an d sat ,

wi t h th a t dis li k e wh ich p eo pl e n o t to o go o d n a tu r ed -

u s u all y c o n c e iv e o f ea ch o th er a t fi r s t si g ht Th e c oa ch .

j um b l ed u s i n sen sibly i n to so m e so r t o f fam i l i ar ity : an d

w e h ad n o t m o v ed a b o v e t w o m i l es wh en th e wid o w ,

ask e d t h e c apt a i n wh a t s ucc ess h e h ad in h is r ec r uiti n

g?
T h e offi c er with a f ran k n ess h e b el i ev ed v ery gr ac e fu l
t o l d h er ,
“ ,

t h a t i n d eed h e h ad bu t v er y lit t l e l uck an d ,

,

h a d s u ff er ed m uch b y d es er ti o n th er ef o r e sh o u l d b e g l a d
,

t o en d h is w ar far e in t h e ser vic e o f h er o r h er f a i r

.
”
,
“
d au ght er I n a w o r d c o n ti n u ed h e I am a s o l di er an d , ,

t o b e p la i n is m y ch a r act er : y o u see m e m ada m y o u n g , , ,

so u n d,
a n d i m pud en t tak e m e y o u rsel f wido w o r g ive , ,

m e t o h er I wi ll b e wh o l ly a t y o u r dis p osa l
,
I am a .
 96 THE SPECTAT O R .

”—
sol di
er of for tun e h a l Thi s w as f oll o w ed b y a v ai n
,

la u g h o f h is o w n a n d a d eep si l en c e o f all th e r est o f t h e

,

c o m p an y I h ad n o thin g l eft f o r it but to fall fas t asl eep

“
.
,
”
which I did with all sp eed C o m e said h e . r es o lv e , ,

u pon it w e wi ll m ak e a w eddi n g at th e n ext to w n : w e

,

wil l wak e thi s pl easan t c om p an i on w h o h as f all en asl eep ,

”
t o b e t h e b r id em an and
g ivi n g th e qu a k er a cl a p o n
th e k n ee h e c on clud ed
,
“ ,
,

Thi s s ly sain t w h o I wi ll , ,

war ran t u n d erstan d s wh at is wh a t a s w ell as y o u o r I

, ,

10 wid w sh a l l g iv e t h e b r id e as fa th er
”
T h e qu ak er w h o
“
o , ,
.

h app en ed t o b e a m an o f sm ar tn ess an s w er e d F r i en d I , , ,

tak e it in g o o d p ar t th at th ou h ast g iv en m e th e au th o r ity

o f a fa t h er o v er thi s c om ely an d vi r tu o u s chi l d ; an d I
m u s t a ss u r e th ee th a t if I h av e th e g ivi n g h er I sh al l
, ,

n o t b es t o w h er o n th ee Th y m i r th f r i en d savo u r eth o f
.
, ,

f o l ly : th o u art a p er so n o f a l i ght m i n d th y d r u m is a
fl ,

typ e o f th eej it so u n d eth b ecau se it is em pty?) V er i ly it ,

is n o t f r om th y fu l n ess but thy em pti n ess t h a t th o u h as t

,

s p ok en thi s day Fr i en d f r i en d w e h av e hi r ed thi s c oa ch

.
, ,

20 in p ar t n ership with th ee t o c ar ry u s t o th e g r ea t city

,

w e c an n o t g o an y o th er w ay Thi s w o r th y m o th er m u st
.

h ear th ee if th o u wil t n ee ds utt er thy f o lli es ; w e can n o t

h el p it f r i en d I say : if th o u wilt w e m u s t h ear th ee ;
, , ,

but if th o u w er t a m an o f un d er st an di n g th o u w o u l ds t ,

n ot tak e advan tage o f th y c o u rageou s c o u n t en an c e t o

a b ash us chi l dr en o f p ea c e Th o u ar t th o u sayes t a —
, ,

s o ldi er ; g iv e qu ar t er t o u s w h o can n o t r es i s t th ee
, Wh y .

did st th o u fl eer a t o ur fr i en d w h o f ei gn ed him self asl eep ?

H e said n o thi n g ; but h o w d os t th o u kn o w wh at h e
3 0 c on tai n eth ? I f t h ou sp eak es t i m p ro p er thi n gs in th e
h ear i n g o f thi s vi r tu o u s y o u n g vi rg in c on sid er it is an ,

o ut r a g e a ga i n s t a di st ress ed p er s o n th at c an n o t g et f ro m

th ee : t o S p eak i n di s cr eetl y wh a t w e ar e o bli g ed to h ear ,

b y b ei n g h asp ed u p with t h ee in thi s public v ehicl e is in ,

s o me d eg ee assau l ti n g o n t h e hi gh r oa d
”
r .

H er e E p h r ai m p a u sed an d t h e c ap t ai n wi t h a h appy
‘

,
 98 TH E SP ECTATOR .

th em M y go o d fr i en d c on t i n u ed h e t u rn i n g t o th e
”

“
.
, ,

o ffic er th ee an d I are to par t by an d b y an d p er

, ,

a dv en tu r e w e m ay n ev er m eet a g ai n : but b e advi sed b y a

p lai n m an m o d es an d a ppar el s ar e but tr ifl es to th e r eal

m an th er efor e do n o t thi n k such a m an as thy s elf t err ibl e
,

f o r th y ga r b n o r s uch a o n e as m e c o n t em ptib le f o r m i n e
, .

Wh en tw o such as t h ee an d I m eet with aff ec t i o n s as w e ,

o u ght t o h a v e t o wa r d s ea ch o th er t h o u sh o u l dst r ej o ic e ,

t o see m y p eac ea bl e d em ean o u r a n d I sh o u l d b e g la d to s ee ,

10 thy s tr en gth an d ability to p ro t ect m e in it T . .

V X XV . SI R RO G ER I N TO WN .

No . Tu es d ay Jan u ary , 8 , 17 11- 12 .

[A ddi so n
E vo r ariss im a n o s rot
Simp l ic it as .
—
O vid ,
A r s A m i 241 . . .

M o st ra r e is n o w o ur o ld Si m p li c it y .
—
D r y den .

I W A S this m o r n i n g su r pri sed wi th a gr ea t k n o ck i n g at t n e

do o r wh en m y l an d la dy s dau ght er c a m e up to m e an d
,
’

to l d m e th at th er e w as a m an b elo w d esi r ed t o speak wi t h

me . Up o n m y ask i n g h er w h o it w as sh e t o ld m e it w as a ,

v ery gr av e elder l y per so n but th a t sh e did n o t k n o w h is ,

n am e I i m m edi a t ely w en t d o w n t o h im an d f o un d h im
.
,

20 t o b e th e c o a chm a n o f m y w o r th y f r i en d S ir R og er de ,

C o ver l ey H e to ld m e th a t h is m as ter c am e t o to wn l as t
.

n i ht a n d w o uld b e g l ad t o t ak e a tu r n with m e in
g ,

G ray s in n w al k s
’ -
A s I w as w o n d er i n g with m yself wh a t
.

h ad b r o u gh t Sir R oger t o t o w n n o t havi n g l a tely r ec e iv ed ,

an y l e tt er f r o m h im h e t o l d m e th a t h is m as t er w as c o m e
,

up t o get a s i ght o f P r i n c e Eu g en e an d t ha t h e d es i r ed ,

I w ou l d i m m edi at ely m eet h im .

I w as n o t a li t tl e pl ease d with th e cu r i o s ity o f th e o ld

kn i ght th o u gh I did n o t m uch w o n d er a t it h avi n g h ear d
, ,

3 0 h im say m o re t h a n o n c e in pr ivat e di s c o u rse th at h e ,

 SI R RO GE R IN TO W N .
99

lo o k ed u p on P r i n ce E u g eni o (f o r so th e kn i ght al w ay s c alls

h im ) t o b e a g r ea t er m an th an Sca n d er b eg .

I w as n o soo n er c o m e i n to Gr ay s in n w al k s bu t I h eard
’ -
,

m y fr i en d up on th e t er ra c e h emm i n g twic e o r th r ic e to
hi ms el f with g r eat vig ou r f or h e l o v es t o cl ear h is pi p es
,

in g o o d air (t o m ak e u s e o f h is o w n ph r ase) an d is n ot a ,

l itt l e p l eas ed wit h an y o n e w h o ta k es n o tic e o f th e s tr en g th

which h e s ti ll e x er ts in h is m o r n i n g h em s .

I w as t o uch ed with a secr et jo y at th e s i g ht o f t h e g oo d

o ld m an w h o b ef o r e h e saw m e w as en g ag ed in c o n v ersa
,

ti on with a b eggar m an that h a d ask ed an al m s o f h im

-
.

I c o ul d h ear m y fr i en d chid e h im f o r n o t fi n din g o ut so m e

w o r k ; but at t h e sa m e ti m e sa w h im put h is h an d in h is
p o ck et an d g iv e h im S ix p en c e
O ur sal u t a ti o n s w er e v ery h ear ty o n b o th s id es c o n s i s ti n g ,

o f m an y ki n d s h ak es o f t h e h an d a n d se v era l affe cti o n a t e

,

lo o k s which w e ca s t up o n o n e an o th er Aft er which th e

.

kn i ght t o ld m e m y go o d fr i en d h is cha pl a i n w as v ery w ell ,

an d m uch a t m y ser vic e an d th at t h e S un d ay b efo r e h e

,

h ad m a d e a m o s t i n c o m p ar a bl e ser m o n o u t o f D r B arr o w 20
“ “
. .

I h a v e l eft say s h e al l m y a ffa i r s in h is ha n d s an d

,
”
, ,

b ei n g wi ll in g to l ay an o bl i ga ti o n up o n h im h av e d ep o s ited ,

wi t h h im thi r ty m ark s t o b e di s t r ibuted am o n g h is p o or

,
”
pari shi o n ers.

H e th en p r o c eed ed t o a cqu a i n t m e wi t h t h e w el far e o f

W i ll W i m bl e Up o n which h e p u t h is h a n d i n to h is f ob
.

an d p r esen t e d m e i n h is n am e with a t o ba cc o s t o p per -

,

t elli n g m e th at W ill h ad b een bu sy a ll th e b egi n n i n g o f

t h e wi n t er in tu r n i n g gr ea t qu an t iti es o f th em ; a n d th a t
h e m ad e a p r esen t o f o n e t o ev er y g en t l em an in th e c o u n t ry 3 0
w h o h as go o d p r i n ci p l es an d sm o k es
,
H e a dd ed t h a t p o o r
.
,

W i l l w as at p r esen t un d er gr ea t t r ibu l ati o n f o r t ha t T o m ,

T o uchy h ad t ak en th e la w o f h im f o r cutti n g so m e h azel

s tick s o ut o f o n e o f h is h ed g es .

A m on g o th er pi ec es o f n ew s which th e k n i ght br o u g ht
fr o m h is c o u n t ry sea t h e i n f o r m e d m e th a t M o l l W hi t e
-
,
 100 T HE SP E CTATOR .

w as d ead an d th at ab o ut a m o n th a ft er h er d eath th e win d

,

w as s o v er y hi g h th a t i t bl ew d o w n t h e en d o f o n e o f h is
b ar n s .
“ ,

B u t f o r m y o wn p ar t, says Sir R o g er, “I do n o t

”
thi n k th a t t h e o ld w om an h a d an y b an d in it .

H e a ft er war d s f ell i n t o an a cc o u n t o f th e div er si o n s

which h ad p asse d in h is h o u se du r i n g th e h o l iday s ; f or
S ir R og er aft er th e l a ud a b l e cu st o m o f h is an c esto r s al w ay s
, ,

k eep s o p en h o u se at Ch r i stm as I l ear n ed fro m h im th a t .

h e h ad k ill e d e i ght f at h o gs fo r t hi s seaso n th a t h e h ad ,

10 d eal t a bo u t h is chin es v er y l ib er ally am o n gst h is n ei g h

bo u r s an d th a t in p ar ticu lar h e h a d sen t a s tr in g o f h o g s
,

puddi n gs with a pa ck o f c ar d s t o e v ery p o o r f am ily in t h e

p a r i sh “ .
,
“
I h a v e o f t en th o u ght say s Sir R og er it h app en s
”
,

v er y w el l th at Ch r i s tm as s h o uld fa ll o ut in th e m iddl e o f
wi n t er I t is th e m o s t d ead u n c o m f or tabl e ti m e o f t h e
.

y ear wh en t h e p o o r p eo pl e w o u l d s u ff er v er y m uch f r om
,

th ei r p o v er ty an d c o ld if th ey h ad n o t go o d ch eer war m
, ,

fi res an d Ch r i st m as g a m b ol s t o s upp or t th em I l o v e to
,
.

r ej o ic e th ei r p o o r h ear t s a t thi s s eas o n a n d t o see t h e ,

20 wh o l e vi l l ag e mer ry in m y g r eat h all I al l o w a d o ubl e .

q u an tity o f m alt t o m y s m a ll b eer an d set i t a r u n n i n g f or

-
,

tw elve days t o ev er y o n e t h a t call s f or it I h av e al ways a .

p i ec e o f c ol d b eef an d a m i n c e p ie u p o n t h e ta bl e an d am
-
,

w o n d er ful ly p l eased t o s ee m y t en an t s p ass a way a wh o l e

e ven i n g in p l ay i n g t h ei r i n n o c en t t r ic k s an d s m ut t i n g o n e ,

an o th er O ur f ri en d W ill W i m bl e is as m er ry a s an y o f
.

t h em an d sh ew s a th o u san d r o g ui sh t r ick s u po n t h ese

,
”
o cc asi on s .

I w as v ery m uch d eli ghted wi t h th e refl ec t i o n o f m y

3 0 o l d f r i en d which carr i ed so m uch g oo d n ess in i t
,
H e t h en .

l a u n ch ed o u t i n t o t h e p r a i s e o f t h e l at e ac t o f pa r lia m en t
f o r se cu r i n g t h e chu r ch o f E n g l a n d a n d t o ld m e w i t h g rea t
,

sa t i s fa cti o n t h a t h e b eli ev ed i t a l rea dy b eg an t o t ak e effe ct

, ,

f o r th a t a r i g id di ss en t e r w h o ch an c ed t o di n e a t h is h o u se
o n Ch r i st m as day h a d b e en o bser v e d to eat v ery pl en t i
-
,

fully o f h is p lu m po r r idg e -
.
 TH E SP E CTATO R .

l
e se c o u l d c om e at a di sh o f t ea u n til ,
th e k n ight h ad go t
a ll h is c o n v en i en ci es a b o u t h im . L .

V XX V I . VISIT T O W E STM I N STE R A B B E Y .

’

No . Tu es day M ar ch , 18 , 17 12 .
[Addi son
I r e t am en restat , Num a q uo de ven it et A n c us ,

H or . Ep od . vi . 27 .

W ith A n c u s an d w ith N um a k in gs o f Ro m e
'

, , ,

W e m ust desc en d in t o t h e s il en t t o m b .

M Y fr i en d S ir R o ger de C o v er l ey t o l d m e th e th er n i gh t o ,

t ha t h e h a d b een r eadi n g m y p ap er u p o n W estm i n st er

Abb ey in which say s h e th er e are a g rea t m an y i n gen i o us
, , ,

fan ci es H e t o l d m e a t th e sam e t i m e tha t h e o bser v ed

.
,

10 I h ad pr o m i sed an o th er p ap er up o n th e tom b s an d t h at ,

h e sh o uld b e g l a d t o g o a n d s ee th em wi t h m e n o t h avi n g ,

vi sit ed t h em s i n c e h e h ad r ea d hi s to ry I c ould n o t .

i m agi n e h o w thi s c am e i n to th e k n i gh t s h ea d t ill I r eco l ’

,

l ec t ed th a t h e h a d b een v ery bu sy a ll l as t su m m er u po n
B ak er s Ch ro n icl e which h e h as q u o t e d sev era l t i m es in h is
’
,

di sp utes wi t h S ir A n d r ew F r eep o r t si n ce h is l as t c o m i n g ,

to t o w n A cc o r di n gly I p r o m i sed t o c all up on h im th e

.

n e xt m o r n i n g th a t w e m i ght g o t og eth er t o th e Abb ey

, .

I fo u n d th e k n i g ht u n der h is butl er s h an d s w h o al way s ’

,

20 sh av es h im H e w as n o so o n er d r ess ed t han h e ca ll ed f or
.
,
’
a l ass o f t h e wid o w T r u by s w a t e r which h e to l d m e h e
g ,

alw ay s d r an k b ef o r e h e w en t a b r o ad H e rec o m m en d ed .

t o me a d r am o f it a t t h e sam e ti m e wi t h so m uch ,

h ear ti n ess t h at I c o uld n o t f o r b ear d r i n k i n g it A s soo n

,
.

a s I h ad g o t i t d o w n I f o u n d it v ery u n pal a ta bl e ; up on
,

which th e k n i ght o b ser vi n g th a t I h ad m a d e sev er al w ry

,

fac es t o l d m e t h a t h e k n e w I sh o uld n o t lik e it at fi rs t

, ,

but t h at it w as th e b es t thi n g in th e w o rl d aga i n st th e

s t o n e o r g ra v el .
 VI S I T T O W EST M I NSTER A B B EY .
10 3

I c o u l d h a v e wi sh ed i n d eed th a t h e h ad a c q u ai n t ed m e
, ,

with t h e vi r tu es o f it s oo n er ; but it w as to o l a t e to c o m
p la i n an d I k n ew wh at h e h ad d o n e w a s o u t o f go o d w i ll
,
-
.

Sir R o ger t o l d m e fu r th er th a t h e l o o k ed up o n it t o b e
,

v ery g oo d f o r a m an whi ls t h e sta id in t o wn t o k eep o ff ,

i n fecti o n an d th a t h e g o t to get h er a qu an tit y o f it up o n

,

t h e fi r s t n ew s o f t h e s ick n ess b ei n g at D an t z ic k : wh en o f
a s udd en tu r n i ng s h o r t t o o n e o f h is s er van t s w h o st o o d ,

b ehi n d h im h e bid h im c all a h ack n ey c oa ch an d tak e

, ,

care it w as an el d er l y m an th at d r o v e it .

H e th en r es u m e d h is di s c o u rse up o n M r s T ruby s w at er
’
,
.

t ell i n g m e t h a t t h e wi do w T r uby w as o n e w h o did m o r e

o o d th a n a ll th e d o ct o r s an d a p o th e car i es in t h e c o u n t ry ;
g \

th at s h e di s ti lle d ev er y p o ppy tha t gr e w withi n fi ve m i les

o f h er ; th a t sh e di s t r ibu t ed h er w a t er g ra ti s a m on g all

s o r t s o f p eo p le ; t o which t h e k n i g ht a dd ed th a t Sh e h a d

a v er y g r ea t j o i n t u r e an d th a t t h e wh o l e c o u n t ry w o u l d
,

fai n h a ve i t a m a tch b etw een h im an d h er “ an d t r u l y ,

say s S ir R o g er ,
“ if I h ad n o t b een en gag ed p er h ap s I ,

c o uld n o t h av e d on e b et t er ”
.

H is di s c o u rse w as b r o k en o ff by h is m an s t ell i n g h im ’

h e h ad c a ll ed a c o a ch Up on o u r go in g t o i t af ter h avi n g
.
,

ca st h is ey e up o n th e wh eels h e ask e d t h e c o a ch m an if
,

h is a xl e t r ee w as go o d up o n th e f ello w s t ell i n g h im h e
-
’

wo u l d warran t it th e k n i ght tu r n ed t o m e t o l d m e h e
, ,

l o o k e d l ik e an h o n es t m a n an d w en t in wi t h o ut fu r t h er
,

c er em o ny .

W e h ad n o t go n e far wh en S ir R o g er p o ppi n g o u t h is
, ,

h ea d ca l l ed th e c o ach m an d o w n fr o m h is b o x an d up o n
, ,

pr esen t i n g hi m sel f at th e wi n d o w ask ed h im if h e sm o k ed

,
.
3 0
A s I w as c o n s id er i n g wh a t thi s w o u l d e n d in b e bid h i m ,

s t o p by t h e w ay a t an
y g o o d t o b a cc o n i s t s an d ta k e in a
’
,

r o l l o f th ei r b es t V i rg i n i a N o thi n g m a t er i al h a pp en ed in
.

t h e r em a i n i n g par t o f o ur j o u r n ey til l w e w er e set d o w n

,

at t h e w es t en d o f t h e Abb ey .

A s w e w en t up th e b o dy o f t h e chu r ch t h e k n ig ht p o i n ted
,
 10 4 TH E SPE CTAT OR .

at th e t r o phi es up o n o n e o f t h e n ew m o n u m en ts an d c r i ed
o t
u ,
“ A br a v e m an I w arr a n t h im !
,
”
Pass i n g after w ar ds
,

by S ir C l o ud s l ey Sh o v e l h e flu n g h is h an d t h at w ay an d
c i ed
r
“ ,
,

S ir C l o ud s l ey Sh o v e l ! a v ery ga ll an t m an ! ”
As
,

w e st o o d b ef o r e B u sby s t o m b t h e k n i gh t u t t er ed hi m se lf
’

a a i n a ft er th e s am e m an n er :
g
“ ,

Dr B u s by ! a g r ea t m a n ! .

h e whipp ed m y g ra n dfa t h er a v er y gr ea t m an ! I sh o u l d

h av e go n e t o h im m y sel f if I h ad n o t b een a bl o ckh ea d ;

,

a v er y
g r ea t m an
10 W e w er e i m m e di at ely c o n duct e d in t o th e l i t tl e ch ap el
o n t h e r i g h t h an d Sir R o g er pl an t i n g hi m s elf at o ur
.
,

’
hi sto r i an s el b o w w as v er y a tt en tiv e t o ev ery thin g h e
,

sa id ,
p ar ticul ar l y t o th e a cc o u n t h e gav e u s o f th e l or d
w h o h a d cu t O ff th e ki n g o f M o r o cc o s h ea d A m on g ’
.

s ev er al o t h er fi u res h e w a s v er
g , y w ell p l ease d t o see t h e
s ta t es m a n C e ci l up o n h is k n ees ; a n d c o n cl udi n g th em a ll ,

to b e gr ea t m en w as c o n duc t e d t o t h e fi gu r e w h ic h f r e
,

p resen ts th a t m ar ty r to g o o d h o u sewif ery w h o died by ,

t h e p r ick o f a n ee dl e U p o n o u r i n t er p r et er s t elli n g u s ’
.

20 tha t S h e w a s a m aid o f h o n o u r t o Qu een E lizab eth th e ,

k n i ght w a s v er y i n qui si t iv e i n to h er n am e a n d fam il y ;

an d a ft er h a vi n g r eg a r d ed h er fi n g er f o r so m e t i m e
“I
”
,
“
w o n d er say s h e t h a t Sir Rich ar d B ak er h as sa id n o thi n g
,
,

o f h er in h is Ch r o n icl e .

W e w er e th en c o n v ey e d t o t h e tw o c o r o n a ti o n ch ai r s ,

wh ere m y o l d fr i en d af t er h avi n g h ear d th a t t h e s ton e

,

u n d er n ea th th e m o s t an ci en t o f th em which w as b r o ught ,

fr o m Sco t l an d w as ca ll e d Ja co b s Pi l l o w s at hi m s elf d o w n
,
’
,

in th e ch a i r ; an d l o o ki n g li k e th e fi g u r e o f a n o ld G o thic
3 0 ki n g ask ed o ur i n t er pr et er wh at a uth or ity t h ey h ad t o
,

sa
y tha t Ja c o b h ad e v er b een in Sc o tl an d ? T h e f el l o w ,

i n st ead o f r etu r n i n g h im an an s w er t o ld h im th a t h e , ,

h o p ed h is h o n o u r w o uld pay h is fo r feit I c o uld o b ser ve .

S ir R o g er a li tt l e r u ffl ed u po n b ein g t hu s t r ep an n ed ;
bu t o ur g uid e n o t i n si s t i n g u p o n h is d em an d t h e k n i gh t ,

so o n r ec o v er e d h is g o o d h u m o u r an d whi s per e d in m y ear

, ,
 TH E S P E CTATO R .

b ui ldin gs, an d tal k o v er th ese m atter s with h im m o r e at

lei s ur e .

t/ x x vn . SIR RO G ER A T TH E TH E ATR E .

NO . Tu es day M ar ch ,
25 , 17 11 12 -
.
[ Addi so n

R esp ic er e ex em p l ar vi ta m o rum qu e jubebo

D o c tu m im itat or em et ver as h in c du c ere vo c es
,
.

H or A r s P o et 3 27
. . .

K eep Nat ure s great o rigin al in vie w

’
,

A n d t h en c e t h e livi n g im ag es p u rs u e —
Fr an c is.

MY f r i en d R o g er de C o v er l ey wh en w e l as t m et
S ir ,

t o g et h er a t t h e club t ol d m e t h a t h e h a d a grea t m i n d
, ,

t o see t h e n e w t r a ge dy with m e a s s u r i n g m e a t t h e sa m e ,

10 ti m e th a t h e h a d n o t b een a t a pl a y t h e se tw enty y ear s

“ , .

Th e l as t I saw said S ir R o er ; w a s T h e C o mm i tt ee
”
, g ,

which I sh o uld n o t h a v e go n e t o n ei t h er h ad n o t I b een ,

to ld b ef o r eh an d th a t it w as a go o d C hu r ch o f E n g l an d
c o m edy ”
H e th en p r o c eed e d t o i n qui r e o f m e w h o thi s
.

Di s tress ed M o th er w a s ; an d up o n h ear i n g th a t sh e w as
ma -H ect o r s wid o w h e t o l d m e t h a t h er hu sb an d w as a b r a ve
’
n
, ,

m an an d t h a t wh en h e w a s a s ch o o l b o y h e h ad r ea d h is
,
-
,

l if e at th e en d o f th e dic t i o n a ry M y f ri en d ask ed m e in .
,

t h e n e xt pl a c e if t h er e w o ul d n o t b e so m e d a n ger in
,

20 c o m i n g h o m e l a t e in c a s e t h e M o h o ck s s h o uld b e a b roa d
“I a ss ur e y o u say s h e “I t ho u gh t I h ad fa ll en in to th eir
, .

, ,

h an ds l ast n i gh t ; f o r I o b s er v ed t w o o r three lu sty bl ack

m en t h a t f o ll o w e d m e h a lf w ay up Fl e et Str ee t a n d ,

m end e d th e i r p a c e b ehi n d m e in p r o p o r ti on a s I pu t o n ,

t o get a w ay f r o m t h em c on t i n u ed th e
”
Y o u m u st k n o w
“ ,
.

k n i g h t with a s m i l e I fan ci ed t h ey h ad a m i n d t o hu n t
,

m e ; f or I r em em b er an h o n es t g en tl em an in m y n ei g h
b o u r h o o d w h o w as ser v ed s uch a tr ic k in K in g Char l es
,

t h e S e c o n d s t i m e ; f o r which r easo n h e h as n o t v en tu re d
’

3 0 hi m se lf in t o w n ev er s i n c e I m i g ht h av e s h ew n th em
.
 S I R R O GE R AT TH E TH E AT R E .
l o7

very go o d s p o r t h a d thi s b een th ei r d es i gn ; f o r as I am

,

an o ld f o x -
hu n t er I sh o u l d h av e tu rn ed a n d d o dg ed an d
, ,

h av e pl ay ed th em a t h o u sa n d t r ick s th ey h ad n ev er s een
in th ei r l iv es b ef o r e ”
Sir R o g er a dd ed th a t
.
“ if th ese ,

gen tl e m en h ad a n y s uch i n t en ti o n th ey did n o t succ ee d

v ery w ell in i t f o r I t h rew th em o u t say s h e a t th e en d “ ,

, ,

o f N o r f o l k St r ee t wh er e I d o ubl ed th e c or n er a n d go t
, ,

sh el t er in m y l o d g i n g s b ef o r e th ey c o u l d i m ag i n e wh a t
w as b ec o m e o f m e .
”
,
“
H o w ev er says th e k n i g h t if C aptai n ,

S en t ry wi ll m ak e o n e wi t h u s t o m o rr o w n i gh t a n d y o u -
,

wil l b o th o f y o u c all up o n m e ab o u t f o u r o cl o c k th at w e ’
,

m ay b e a t th e h o u se b ef or e it is f ull I wi ll h av e m y o w n ,

c oach in r ea di n ess t o a tt en d y ou f o r J o hn t ell s m e h e h as ,

g o t t h e f or e wh eel s m en d ed
-
.

Th e c apta i n w h o did n o t f a i l t o m ee t m e t h ere a t t h e

,

app o i n t e d h o u r bid S ir R o g er f ear n o t hi n g f o r t h a t h e

, ,

h a d put o n t h e sa m e s w o r d w h ich h e m a d e us e o f a t t h e
ba ttl e o f S t een ki r k S ir R o g er s s er va n ts an d am o n g th e
.
’
,

r es t m
y o l d f r i en d t h e butl er h a d I f o u n d pr o vid ed th em
, , ,

selv es wi t h g o o d O a k en p l a n t s t o a tten d t h e i r m a st er u p o n 20
,

thi s o cc asi o n W h en w e h ad pla c ed h im in h is c o a ch wi t h

.

'
,

my sel f a t h is l ef t h an d th e c apta i n b ef o r e h im a n d h is
, ,

but ler at th e h ea d o f h is f o o tm en in t h e r ear w e c o n voy ed ,

h im in sa fe ty t o th e pl ay h o use ; wh er e af t er h avi n g
‘

-
,

m ar ch e d u p th e en t ry in g o o d o r d er th e ca p ta i n an d I ,

w en t in wi th h im a n d sea t ed h im b e twix t us in t h e pit

, .

A s so o n as t h e h o u se w as full a n d t h e c an dl es lig ht ed m y
, ,

o ld f r i en d s to o d u p a n d l o o k ed a b o u t h im wi t h th a t pl ea

s u r e which a m i n d s ea so n e d w
,
i t h hu m an i ty n a tu ra lly f ee l s
in it s elf a t t h e s i g ht o f a m ul t i t ud e o f p eo p l e w h o seem 3 0
,

p l ea se d wi t h o n e a n o t h er a n d pa r t ak e o f t h e sam e c o m m o n
,

en t er t a i n m e n t . I c o uld n o t but fa n cy t o m y s elf a s th e ,

o l d m a n s t o o d u p in t h e m iddl e o f th e pit t h at h e m a d e ,

a ve ry p ro p e r c en t r e to a t r agic a u di en c e U po n th e .

e n t eri n g o f P y r rhu s th e k n i gh t t o l d m e th a t h e did n o t

, ,

b el i ev e th e K i n g o f F ran ce hi m self h ad a b ett er str ut I .

 10 8 THE S PE CTAT OR .

w as , i n dee d v ery a t t en tiv e t o m y o l d f r i en d s r em ar k s

,
’
,

b eca u se I l o o k ed up o n th em as a p i ece o f n at u r a l c r itici sm ,

an d w as w ell p l ease d t o h ear h im a t t h e c o n clu si o n o f

al m o s t e ver
y s c en e t el li n g m e th a t h e c o u l d n o t i m ag i n e
,

h o w th e p l ay w o uld en d O n e whi l e h e a pp ear ed m uch .

c o n c er n e d f or A n d r o m a ch e ; a n d a litt le whil e after as

m uch f o r H er m i o n e : a n d w as e xtr em ely puzzl ed t o thi n k
wh a t w o uld b ec o m e o f P y r rhu s .

W h en Sir R o g er saw A n dr o m ac h e s o b s ti n at e r efu sa l t o ’

h er l o v er s i m p or tu n iti es h e w h is p er ed m e in t h e ear t h a t
’
'

10 , ,

h e w a s s u r e sh e w o u l d n ev er h av e h im ; t o which h e
a dd ed ,
with a m o r e t h an o r di n ar y v eh em en c e “ Y o u ca n t ,
’

i m agi n e sir wh a t it is t o h av e t o do wi t h a wido w

, ,
”
U po n .

Py rr hu s h is th r eat en i n g a ft er w ar ds t o l ea v e h er th e k n i gh t
sho ok h is h ea d a d m u tt er e d t o hi m s elf
n ,
“ A y do if y o u ,
,

,
”
can . Thi s pa r t dw elt so m uch u p o n m y fr i en d s i m ag i n a ’

ti o n th a t at th e cl o se o f th e thi r d a c t as I w as t h i n k i n g
“
, ,

o f so m e thi n g e l se h e whi s p er e d m e in m y ear

,
Th ese ,

wid o w s sir are th e m o s t p er v er se c r ea tu r es in th e w or ld

,
“ , .

y o u t h a t ar e a c r itic is th e p l ay
”
20 B u t p r ay say s h e , , ,

a cc o r di n
g t o y o u r dr a m a tic r ul es as y ou ca l l th em ? ,

Sh o ul d y o u r p eo p l e in tr ag e dy a lway s t alk t o b e u n d e r
s to o d ? Wh y th er e is n o t a s i n g l e s en t en c e in thi s p lay
,

t h at I do n o t k n o w t h e m ean i n g o f ”
.

T h e f o u r th a c t v ery luckily b eg an b ef o r e I h ad ti m e t o
i v t h ol d n tl em an a n s w er ;
“W ell ”
th e
“
e e g e an say s
g ,

kn i gh t s itti n g d o w n with g r ea t sa ti sfa cti o n I s upp o se w e

, ,

ar e n o w t o see H e ct o r s g h o s t
”
H e th en r en ew e d h is
’
.

a tt en t i o n an d f ro m ti m e t o ti m e f e ll a p r a i s i n g t h e wid o w
,
.

3 0 H e m a de i n d eed a littl e m i s t a k e as to o n e o f h er p ag es
, , ,

w h o m a t h is fi rs t en t er i n g h e t o o k f o r A s ty a n a x ; but h e
, ,

quickly set h i m s elf r i gh t in th a t p ar t ic ul ar t h o u g h a t th e , ,

sa m e t i m e h e o w n e d h e s h o uld h a v e b een v e ry g l a d t o

h a ve seen th e li tt l e b o y
,
“wh o
”
s ay s h e
“ m u s t n ee d s b e
, , ,

a v er y fi n e chi l d b y t h e a cc o u n t t h a t is g iv en
”
o f h im .

U p o n H er m i o n e s g o i n g o ff wi th a m en a c e t o Py r r hu s th e
’
,
‘
 TH E SPECTAT O R .

XX V I I I . W IL L H O N E Y C OM B S AM OUR S ’
.

No . Tu esd ay A pr i l ,
22, 17 12 .
[ B udg el l .

T orva l eaen a l up u m sequitur , l up us ip se c ap ell a m

Fl o ren t em c y tis um sequ itur l asc iva c ap ella — V irg E el ii 63 . . . . .

Lio n s lves an d w o lves th e kids p ursu e

th e wo
Th e k i ds sw eet t h y m e
,

an d still I f o ll o w y o n ,
—
,

—
“
r
ar to n.

A s we w er e at t h e c l ub l ast n i ght I o b ser v e d tha t m y ,

o ld f r i en d S ir R o g er c on trar y t o h is u su al cu s t o m sa t
, ,

v ery S il en t an d i n stea d o f m i n di n g wh at w as sa id by th e
, ,

c o m p an y w as whi s tli n g to him s el f in a v ery th o u gh tf ul

,

m o o d a n d pl ay i n g wi t h a c o r k
,
I j o gge d S ir A n d r ew .

10 Fr eep o r t w h o sat b etw een u s ; an d as w e w er e b o t h

, ,

o b ser vi n g h im w e sa w t h e k n i ght sh ak e h is h ea d a n d
h ear d h im say t o hi m self
,
“ A f o o lis h w o m an ! I ca n t ,
,
’

b eli eve i t ”
S ir A n d r ew g av e h im a g en tl e p at u p o n t h e
.

s h o uld er an d o ffer ed t o l ay h im a b o t t l e o f wi n e t h a t h e
,

w as t hi n ki n g o f th e wid o w My o l d f r i en d s tar ted an d .

, ,

r e c o v er i n g o u t o f h is b ro w n s tudy t o ld S ir A n d re w t h a t , ,

o n c e in h is lif e h e h ad b een in t h e r i g h t I n sh o r t aft er .

,

s o m e l i t t l e h es i t at i o n Sir R o g er t o ld u s in t h e ful n ess o f

,

h is h ear t t ha t h e h ad j u s t r e c eiv e d a l ett er f ro m h is

,

20 s t ew ar d which a c q ua in t ed h im th a t h is ol d r ival an d
,

an tag o n i s t in t h e c o u n t ry S ir D a vid D un d r u m h a d b een

m ak i n g a vi s i t t o th e wid ow
“ ”
H o w ev er say s S ir R o g er
, ,

“
.
, ,

I c an n ev er th i n k th a t sh e ll h a v e a m an t ha t s h a lf a ’ ’

y ear o l der t h an I am an d a n o t ed r ep ublican i n t o t h e ,

”
ba rga in .

W il l H o n ey c o m b w h o l o o k s u p o n l o v e as h is p ar ticul ar
,

p r o vi n c e i n t err u p ti n g o u r f r i en d w ith a j au n ty l au g h
,

I t h o u gh t k n i ght sa id h e ”
,
“t h o u h a d st l iv ed l o n g
, ,
,

en o u g h in t h e w o r l d n o t t o pi l l t h y h a pp i n ess u p o n on e
,

30 th a t is a wo m an an d a wid o w I thi n k th a t wi t h o u t
,
.
,

van i ty I m ay p r et en d t o k n o w as m uch o f t h e f em al e
,

W o r ld as an y m an in G r ea t B ri t ai n th o ugh t h e chi ef o f ,
 W I LL HON E YC OMB S A M O U RS ’
.

my k n o wl ed ge co n si s ts in thi s t h at t h ey ar e n o t to b e ,

k n o wn ”
W i ll i m m edia t ely with h is us u al fl uen cy
“ , ,
.

”
ram b l ed i n t o a n a cc o u n t o f h is o w n a m o u r s I am n o w
“ ,
.

”
s ay s h e up on th e v erg e o f sixty (th ou gh by th e w ay
,

w e al l k n ew h e w as t ur n e d o f th r ees c o r e) Y o u m ay .

eas i l
y g u ess
”
,
c o n ti n u e d W i ll t h a t I h av e n o t liv ed so ,

l on g in th e w o r l d wi t h o ut h a vi n g h a d so m e th o u ghts o f
settli n g in it as t h e ph ras e is
,
T o t ell y o u t r uly I h av e .
,

s ev era l t i m es t r i e d m
y f o r tu n e th a t w a y th o u g h I c an n o t ,

m uch b o as t o f m y s ucc es s
“
.

I m a d e m y fi rst a dd r esses t o a y o u n g la dy in t h e
c o u n try ; but wh en I th o u ght t hi n g s w e re p r etty w el l
,

d rawi n g t o a c o n cl u s i o n h er fa th er hap p en i n g t o h ear t h a t

,

I h ad f o r m erly b oa r d ed with a s u r geo n th e o ld pu t f o r ,

bad m e h is h o u s e a n d w ithi n a f o r t n i g ht a ft er m ar r i e d
,

h is d a u g h t er t o a f o x hu n t er in t h e n e i gh b o u r h o o d
“
-
.

I m a d e m y n e xt a pp licat i o n to a wid o w an d a t ta ck ed
‘

h er s o b r i skl y t h a t I t h o u g h t m y s elf wi t hi n a f o r t n i gh t
,

o f h er .A s I w ai t ed u po n h er o n e m o rn i n g sh e t o l d m e , ,

t h at sh e i n t en de d t o k eep h er r eady m on ey an d j o i n tu re
in h er o w n h a n d a n d d es i r ed m e to c a ll upo n h er
,

a tt o r n ey in Li o n s in n w h o w o uld a dj u s t with m e wh a t it
’
,

w as p r op er f o r m e t o a dd t o it I w as so r ebu ff ed by .

thi s o v er t u re tha t I n ev er i n q ui r ed eith er f o r h er o r h er

,

a t t o r n ey a f t er w a r d s
“
.

A f e w m on th s a fter I a dd r ess ed m y sel f t o a yo un g

,

l ady w h o w as an o n ly d a u gh t er a n d o f a g o o d fam i ly I , .

d an c ed wi t h h er at sev er al ba l ls sq u ee z e d h er by th e ,

han d sa id so f t thi n g s t o h er a n d in s h o r t m a d e n o do ubt

, ,

o f h er h ear t ; a n d th o u gh m y f or tu n e w as n o t equ al t o
,

h ers I w as in h o p es th a t h er f o n d fa t h er w o uld n o t d en y
,

h er th e m an s h e h ad fix ed h er aff ecti o n s up o n B ut as I .

w en t on e day t o th e h o u se in o r d er t o br ea k th e m at t er ,

t o h im I f o u n d t h e wh o l e f am il y in c o n fu s i o n a n d h ea r d
, , ,

to m y u n sp ea k a bl e su r p r i se th a t Mi s s J en n y w as tha t ,

very m o rn i n g r un a way wi t h th e butl er .

 l 12 T HE SPECTATOR .

I h
t en c o u r t ed a seco n d wido w an d am at a lo ss to ,

thi s day h o w I c am e t o m i ss h er f o r sh e h ad o ften ,

c o mm en d e d m y p erso n an d b eh a vi o u r H er m ai d i n d eed .

t o l d m e o n e day th a t h er m i st ress said sh e n ev er saw a

,

g en t l em an with s uch a s pi n d le p ai r o f l egs as M r . .

H o n eyc om b
“
.

Aft er thi s I laid si ege t o fo u r h ei resses s ucc essiv ely ,

an d , b ei n g a h an d so m e yo u n g do g in th o se day s quickly ,

m a d e a b r ea ch in t h ei r h ea r t s ; bu t I d o n t k n o w h o w it ’

10 cam e t o p ass th o u g h I s el d o m fa il ed o f getti n g th e

,

da u ght er s c o n sen t I c o uld n ev er in m y l if e get th e o ld

’

p e o pl e o n m y s id e
“
.

I c o ul d g iv e yo u an a cc o u n t o f a th o u san d o th er
un succ essfu l a ttem pt s p ar ticu lar ly o f o n e which I m ad e
,

so m e y ears s i n c e up o n a n o l d w o m an wh om I h ad ,

c er ta i n ly b o r n e a w ay w ith fl y i n g co lo u rs if h er rela ti o n s ,

h a d n o t c o m e p o u r i n g in t o h er ass i s ta n c e fr o m a l l p ar t s
o f E n g l an d ; n ay I b el i ev e I sh o uld h av e go t h er a t las t
, ,

h ad n o t sh e b een c ar r i ed o ff by a h ar d f r o st .

A s W ill s tr an s iti o n s ar e extr em ely q uick h e t u rn ed

’
20 , ‘

f ro m S ir R o ger an d ap p ly i n g hi m s el f t o m e to l d m e
, , ,

th er e w as a p assage in th e b o ok I h ad c on sid er ed l as t
S a t u r day which d eser v ed t o b e w r it in l etters o f go ld
,

a n d t aki n g o u t a p o c k e t Milt o n
,
r ea d t h e f o ll o wi n g l i n es
, ,

which ar e par t o f o n e o f Adam s s peech es t o E ve af t er ’

t h e fa l l .

O h ! w h y did o u r
C r eat o r wife ! th at p eo p l ed h igh est h eaven
W ith it s m asc ul in e c r eate at l ast
sp ir ,

T h i s n ovelty o n earth th i s fai r defec t ,

O f n a tu re an d n o t fi ll t h e w o r l d a t o n c e
,

W ith m en as an gel s w ith o u t f em in i n e ?

, ,

O r fi n d so m e o th er w ay t o gen er at e
M an kin d ? T h is m isc h ief h ad n o t t h e n bef all n
’
,

A n d m o r e th at sh all b efall i n n u m er a bl e ,

D istur ban c es o n e ar th t h ro u gh f em al e sn are s

, ,

A n d st raigh t c o n j un c t io n w ith t h is se x : f o r eith er

 T HE SPECTATOR .

h erself w h o is a n o t a bl e p ratin g go ss ip en gaged I n

, ,

a c on fer en c e with h im b ei n g m i gh t ily pl eased with

h is s t r o ki n g h er litt l e b oy o n th e h ea d an d bi d din g h im ,

t o b e a g o o d child an d m i n d h is b o o k .

W e w ere n o s o o n er c om e t o th e T em pl e st air s but w e -

,

w er e s u rr o un d e d with a cr o wd o f w aterm en o ffer i n g u s ,

t h e ir r es p ectiv e ser vic es Sir R o ger aft er h avi n g l o o k ed

.

ab o ut h im v er y a tt en t iv ely s pi e d o n e with a w o o d en l eg a n d
, ,

i mm edi ately ga v e h im o r d ers to get h is bo a t r ea dy A s .

”
w e w ere w a lki n g t o w ar d s it Y o u m u s t kn o w sa s S i r

R o ger “
, y ,

,
I n ev er m ak e u se o f a n y b o dy t o r o w m e th a t ,

h a s n o t l o s t e ith er a l eg o r a n ar m I w o uld ra t h er ba te
.

h im a f ew s t ro k es o f h is o ar th a n n o t em pl oy a n h o n es t
m a n th a t h a s b een w o u n d e d in t h e q u een s s er vic e If I
’
.

w a s a l o r d o r a bi sh o p an d k e p t a b ar g e I w o u l d n o t
, ,

u t a f e ll o w in m y liv er y t h a t h a d n o t a o o de
”
w
g g l e .

M y o l d fr i en d aft er h a vi n g s ea t e d h im selff aid t r i m m ed

,

t h e b oat with h is c o a ch m a n w h o b e i n g a v er y so b er m a n
, , ,

al w ay s s er v es f o r b al l as t o n th ese o cc as i o n s w e m a d e t h e ,

20 b es t o f o ur w ay f o r F au x h al l
-
S ir R o g er o bli g e d t h e
.

wa t erm an t o g iv e u s t h e hi st or y o f h is r i ght l eg an d h ear ,

in g th a t h e h ad l eft it a t L a H o g u e with m a ny pa r t icul a r s

,

which passed in th a t gl or i o u s a c t i o n t h e k n i ght in t h e

, ,

t r iu m p h o f h is h ear t m a d e sev er a l r efl ec t i o n s o n t h e gr eat

,

n es s o f th e B r iti s h n a t i o n ; as th a t o n e E n g l i sh m a n c o uld
,

b ea t t h ree F r en ch m en ; t h a t w e c o uld n ev e r b e in dan g er

o f p o p er y so l o n g a s w e t o o k c are o f o u r fl eet ; tha t th e

Th am es w as th e n o bl es t r iver in E u r o p e ; tha t L o n d o n
br idge w as a g r eat er p i ec e o f w o r k th an an y o f th e sev en
3 0 w o n d er s o f th e w o r l d ; wi t h m a n y o th er h o n es t p r ejudic es
which n a t u r a lly c l eav e t o th e h ear t o f a t r u e E n g li sh m an .

Af ter s o m e sh or t p a u se th e O ld k n i ght t u r n i n g ab o u t
, ,

h is h ea d t wic e o r th r ic e t o t ak e a su r v ey o f t hi s g r ea t
,

m e t ro p o li s bid m e o b ser v e h o w thick t h e ci ty w as s et

,

w i t h chu r ch es a n d th a t th e r e w as s ca r c e a s i n gl e s t eepl e
on
“
,

t hi s s id e T em p l e bar-
“ A m o s t h eat h en i sh s ig h t !
.
”
 V IS IT TO S P RI N G G ARD E N S .
[ 15

say s .
S irR o g er : “
er e is n o r el i g i o n a t thi s en d o f th e
th
to wn . Th e fif ty n ew chu r ch es wi ll v ery m uc h m en d th e
p r o sp ect ; bu t chu r ch w o r k is s l o w chu r ch w or k is sl o w
-
,
-
.

I do n o t r em emb er I h a v e an y wh er e m en t i on ed in S ir
'

R o g er’ s ch ar a ct er h is cu sto m o f saluti n g ev ery b o dy t h a t

,

passes b y h im with a g oo d m o r r o w o r a go o d n i ght Thi s

‘

- -
.
,

th e o ld m an d o es o ut o f th e o ve r fl o w in g s o f h is hu m an ity ,

th o u gh a t th e sam e t i m e it r en d er s h im so p op ul a r a m o n g
'

all h is c o u n tr y n ei g hb o u rs th a t it is th o u g ht t o h a v e
,

go n e a g oo d w ay in m a k i n g h im o n c e o r twic e k n i g h t o f
th e shi r e H e can n o t f o r b ear thi s ex er ci s e o f b en evo l en c e
.

ev en in t o w n wh en h e m eet s wi th an y o n e in h is m o r n i n g
,

o r e v en i n g w a l k I t b ro k e f r o m h im t o sev er al b o a ts th a t
.

p assed b y u s o n th e w at er ; but to t h e k n i ght s gr ea t ,

’

s u r p r i se as h e g a v e th e g o o d n i g ht t o t w o o r t h r ee y o u n
'

g
-

fello w s a l i tt l e b ef o r e o ur la n di n g o n e o f th em i n s t ead o f , ,

r etu r n i n g t h e c ivili ty ask ed u s w h a t q u ee r o l d p ut w e

, ,

h a d in t h e b o a t with a g r ea t d ea l o f t h e l ik e Th am es
,

r ib a ld ry .S ir R o g er seem e d a lit t l e s h o c k ed a t fi r s t but ,

at l en g th a s s u m in g a f a c e o f m ag i s t ra cy t o l d u s th a t if h e , ,

w er e a Middl ese x j u s tic e h e w o u l d m ak e such v ag ran ts ,

kn o w th a t h er m aj es t y s s ubj ects w e r e n o m o r e t o be
’

abu s e d by w a t er th a n b y l an d .

W e w er e n o w ar r iv ed a t Sp r in g gar d en which is -
,

exc el len t l y p l easa n t a t t hi s t irEe O f t h e y ear W h en I

‘ Y '
fl

c o n s id er e d th e f rag ran cy o f th e w alk s a n d b o w er s with ,

th e ch o i r s o f bi r d s t h a t s u n g u p on t h e t rees a n d t h e l o o s e ,

t r ib e o f p eo pl e t h a t w a l k e d u n d er t h ei r Sh a d es I c o ul d ,

n o t but l o o k u p o n t h e pl a c e a s a k i n d o f Ma h o m et a n
p a ra di se Sir R o g er t o ld m e it put h im in m i n d o f a
.
,

li t tl e c o ppic e by h is h o u se in t h e c o u n t ry which h is ,

ch apl a in u sed t o c all an avi a ry o f n i gh t i n gal es You

“
.

m u s t u n d er s t a n d t a t th er e is n o t h i n
”
s a s t h e k n i gh t h
y , g ,

in th e w o r ld t h a t p l eases a m an il l l o v e so m uch as y o u r
n i gh t i n g a l e A h M r S p ec t at or t h e m a n y m o o n li g h t
.
,
.
,
-

n i h t s t h at I h av e w al k ed b y m y s elf a n d t h o u ght o n t h e
g ,
 Il 6 T HE SP E CTAT O R .

wid o w by t h e m u s ic o f th e n i ghti n gal e ! H e h er e ”

fetch ed a d eep si gh an d w as fal li n g i n to a fit o f m u si n g

, ,

w h en a m ask w h o c am e b ehi n d h im ga ve h im a gen tl e

, ,

tap u p o n th e s h o u l d er a n d ask ed h im if h e w o u l d d r i n k
,

a b o ttl e o f m ea d wi t h h er ? B u t t h e k n i g h t b ei n g ,

s t ar tl e d a t so u n e xp e c t e d fam ili ar ity an d di sp l eased t o b e ,

i n terr u p t ed in h is th o u ghts o f th e wid o w t o l d h er sh e ,

w as a w a n to n b ag ga ge ; a n d bid h er g o a b o ut h er
bu s i n ess .

0 W e c on clud ed o u r w al k with a glass o f B u r to n al e an d ,

a slic e o f hu n g b eef W h en w e h ad d o n e eati n g o u r selv es

.
,

th e k n i ght c al l ed a w a it er t o h im an d bid h im c a rry th e ,

r em a i n d er t o t h e w a t er m an t h a t h a d bu t o n e l eg I .

p er c eived t h e f ell o w s tar ed up on h im a t th e o ddn ess o f

th e m essag e a n d w as g o i n g t o b e sa ucy ; up o n which I
,

r a t ifi ed t h e k n i g ht s c o m m an d s with a p er em pt o r y l o o k
’
.

I
’
V xxx D E ATH O F RO G E R
. SI R .

No . Thu rs day Octo b er ,

23 ,
17 12 .
[Addi son
H eu p i etas h eu p ri sc a fi des —
V irg . A en vi 8 7 8
. . .

M i rr o r o f an c ien t f ait h
U n dau nt e d wo r t h I nv i o l abl e truth l —
D ry den .

W E la s t n i ght c iv e d a p i ec e o f ill n ews at o u r cl ub which

re e ,

v ery sen sibl y afflict ed ev ery o n e o f u s I q u esti on n o t but .

my r eader s th em sel v es will b e tr o ubl ed a t t h e h ea r i n g o f it .

T o k eep th em n o l o n g er in s u sp en s e Sir R o g er de C o v er l ey ,

is d ea d . H e d epa r te d thi s lif e a t h is h o u s e in t h e c o u n t ry ,

af t er a f e w w eek s s ick n es s S ir A n d r ew F r eep or t h as a

’
.

l ett er fr o m o n e o f h is c o r r es p o n d en t s in t h o s e p ar ts th a t ,

i n fo r m s h im th e old m a n c au ght a c o ld at th e c o u n ty ses si o n s ,

as h e w as v ery w a r m l y p r o m o t i n g a n a dd r ess o f h is o w n

p en n in g in which h e succeed e d a cc o r di n g t o h is wi sh es
, .
 118 THE SP E CTATO R .

l a i n a v ery p re tty t en em en t with g oo d l an d s ab o u t it I t .

b ein g a v ery c o ld day w h en h e m ade h is will h e l eft f o r ,

m o u r n i n g t o ev er y m a n in th e p ar i s h a gr ea t f r i ez e c oa t -
,

a n d t o e v ery w o m a n a bl a ck r idi n
g hood It w as a m o vin g -
.

s i g ht t o see h im tak e l eav e o f h is p o o r serva n ts com ,

m en di n g u s a ll f o r o u r fid el ity whi l s t w e w er e n o t abl e t o

,

s eak a w o r d f o r w eepi n g e m o s t o f u s ar e
p A s w .
gro wn
gr ey h ea de d in o u r dea r m a s t er s s er vic e h e h as l ef t u s p en
’
-
,

s i o n s a n d l eg aci es which w e m ay liv e v er y c o m f o r t a bl y up on

,

10 t h e r e m a i n i n g p a r t o f o u r d ay s H e h as b equ ea th e d a g r ea t
.

d eal m o r e in ch ar i ty which is n o t y et c o m e t o m y k n o w l edg e

, ,

an d it is p erem p t o r il y sa id in t h e p ar i sh th a t h e h as l eft ,

m o n ey t o build a s t eep l e t o t h e c h u r ch f o r h e w as h ear d t o

say so m e ti m e a g o t h at if h e liv e d t w o y ear s l o n g er C o v erl ey
, ,

chu r ch sh o uld h av e a s t e e pl e t o it T h e ch a plai n t ell s ev er y .

b od y th at h e m a d e a ve ry g o o d en d an d n ev er s p eak s o f h im ,

wi t h o ut t ea r s H e w as bu r i e d a cc o r di n g t o h is o w n di r c e
.
,

ti o n s am o n g th e f a m ily o f t h e C o ver lies o n th e l ef t h an d o f

, ,

h is f a th er S ir A r thu r T h e c o ffi n w a s c arr i e d by six o f h is

.

20 t en an t s a n d th e p a l l h eld up by six o f t h e q u o r u m
,
Th e .

wh o l e p ar i sh f o l l o w ed t h e c or p se wi t h h eavy h ear ts an d in ,

t h e i r m o u r n i n g s ui t s th e m en in f r i ez e an d th e w o m en in ,

r idi n g h oo d s
-
. C a p tai n S e n t ry m y m as t er s n eph ew h as tak en
,
’
,

p o ssessi o n o f t h e H a ll h o u se an d t h e wh ol e esta t e W h en
-
, .

m y o l d m as t er sa w h im a li tt l e b ef o r e h is d eath h e sh o o k
, ,

h im b y t h e h a n d a n d wi s h ed h im jo y o f t h e es ta t e which
,

w a s fa lli n g t o h im d es i r i n g h im o n l y t o m ak e a g o o d u s e o f
, ‘

it a n d t o p ay t h e sev er al l ega ci es a n d th e gif t s of ch ar ity

, , ,

which h e t o ld h im h e h a d l ef t a s q uit r en t s u po n th e es tat e .

3 0 T h e c a p ta i n t r ul y seem s a c o u r t eo u s m a n t h o u g h h e says but ,

lit tl e H e m ak es m uch o f th o s e wh o m m y m ast er l o v ed an d

.
,

s h o w s g rea t k i n d n ess t o t h e o ld h o u se do g th a t y o u k n o w
-
,

my p o or m as t e r w as so f o n d o f It w o uld h av e g on e t o y o ur
.

h ear t t o h av e h ear d th e m o an s th e du m b c r ea t u r e m ad e o n
th e day o f m y m as t er s dea th
’
H e h a s n ev er j oy ed hi m self
.

S i n c e n o m or e h as an y o f us I t w as t h e m elan c h olies t dav

.
 DEATH OF S I R R OGE R .

fo r t h e p o o r p eo pl e th a t ever h ap p en ed in W o r c es tershi re .

T hi s b ei n g a ll fr o m ,

H o n o u r e d sir y o u r m o s t so rr o wfu l ser v an t

, ,

E DW ARD B I S C U I T .

PS
. . M y m as t er d e si red so m e w eek s b efo r e h e di ed
—
, ,

t ha t a b o o k which c om es up t o y o u by th e carr i er sh o u l d b e ,
”
giv en t o S ir A n d r ew F r eep o r t in h is n am e .

Thi s l et t er n o twith s tan di n g th e p o o r butl er s m an n er o f

,
’

w ritin g it ga v e u s such an id ea o f o u r g o o d o l d fr i en d t h a t
, , ,

up o n th e r eadi n g o f it th ere w as n o t a dr y ey e in t h e c l ub
,
.

S ir An d r e w o p en i n g th e b o o k f o u n d it t o b e a c o ll ecti o n o f
,

Acts o f P arl i am en t Th er e w as in p ar ticu lar t h e A ct o f

.
, ,
’
U n if o rm ity with so m e p assages in it m ark ed b y Sir R o ger s
,

o w n h an d S ir A n dr ew f o u n d th a t th ey r el a t e d t o t w o o r
.

th r ee p o i n ts which h e h ad di s pute d with Sir R o g er th e l ast

,

ti m e h e a pp ear e d at th e c l ub S ir A n d r ew w h o w o u l d h av e
.
,

b een m er r y at s uch an i n cid en t o n an o t h er o ccas i o n at t h e ,

’
s i ght o f t h e o l d m an s w r iti n g bu r s t i n t o t ears an d put t h e
, ,

b o o k in h is p o ck et C ap tai n S en try i n f or m s m e th a t th e
.
,

k n i g ht h as l ef t r in gs an d m o u rn i n g f or ev ery o n e in th e cl ub .
 N OTE S .

THE SPE CTATOR S ACCOUNT OF H I M S E LF No 1

’
. . .

P I l 7 p er u ses r ea ds thr o u gh exam in es surveys

.
, . .
, , , .
“A
co in ed wo r d ; fro m Per a n d U s e N 0 o ther so ur c e c an we ll b e .

a s s ign e d ; b ut i t m u s t b e a dm i tt e d t o b e a b ar baro u s a n d ill

for m ed w o r d c o m p o un de d o f La t in a n d Fr en ch an d by n o m ean s
, ,

u sed in th e t ru e s en s e s i n c e t o p er use co uld o n ly m ean t o u se -

tho r o ughl y Th e sen se o f th e w o r d co m es n ear er t o t ha t o f t h e

.

F r evo ir o r E
. s ur ve y or e xa m i n e cp Myse lf I th en p er
.
’
.
‘

used t e sur vey e d M il t o n P L viii 267 ;

,
’
. . W h o fi r st wi th , , . .

c ur io us ey e P er used h im id P R 1 3 20 T h e F r evozr an d E
’
’
. . . . . . .
,

sur vey b o t h p o i n t t o t h e L a t el der e t o s ee ; th er e is a fa i r .

,

a r u m en t f o r t h e s u p p o sed b arb aro u s c o in a e f ro m p er a n d use

g g ,

in t h e fa c t th a t c o m p o u n ds wi th p er wer e o n c e far m o re c o m m o n
than they are n o w (S k eat E l y , .

1 8 b l a ck d ark ; fr eq u en t in Sha k esp eare in thi s sen s e e g

. .
, , . .

T G v 2 12 B la ck m en ar e p earl s in b eau t eo u s l a di es ey es
’
. . . .
, .

P 2 l 7 t h en d ep en din g then in p rogress n o t y et sett l ed

.
, . .
, ,
.

l 8 a j ustic e of th e p ea ce a t itl e g iven t o p er so n s o f p o si t i o n

. . .
,

an d char a c t er w h o ar e a pp o i n t e d t o k eep t h e p ea c e o f t h e
n ei hb o ur ho o d in which t h ey dw ell
g .

l 9 p r es ag ed i n dic a t e d ; La t p r a esa gzr e to fee l o r p er c eive

’
'

. .
,
.
,

befo rehan d t o hav e a p r esen t im en t o f a thi n g ,

.

1 13 t o f avour t o giv e c o u n ten an c e t o t o s u pp o r t

. .
, , .

1 15 my rattl e a r attl e an d a c o r a l ar e t o ys c o m m o n l y g iven

. .
,

to in fa n t s t h e fo r m e r t o a m u se b y its n o i s e t h e l a tt er which
, , ,

gen er a ll y h as li tt l e s ilve r b e ll s a tt a ch e d t o i t t o be suc k e d , .

I 20 n on ag e m i n o r i ty b efo r e o n e c o m es o f ag e ; L a t n on
. .
, , .
,

n o t an d ag e
,
sul l en res er ve d h a r d t o dr aw o u t.
, , .

1 22 m y p art s m y n atu ra l ab ili t i es w o ul d w ear w el l w o uld

. .
, ,

b e l ast i n g w o uld sta n d t h e w ear a n d t ea r o f t i me ; n o t fa il m e a s

,

120
l 22 N O TE S .
[ P A G ES

l adi es fro m t h e fr i gh t s o f ill p ave d s tr ee t s a n d l on g dark win t er -

n igh t s Th e b ur n in g o f t h e t h ea t r e (Feb 24 18 0 9 ) is r en d ered

’
. .
,

m em o rab l e b y t h e p ub lic a t io n o f t h e R ej e c t e d Addre sses th e ,

’

fam o u s j eu d esp r it o f J am es a n d H o ra c e S m i th [p ar o dy in g th e
’

a dd r esses f o r t h e o p en i n g o f t h e n ew t h ea t r e s u
p p o se d t o hav e
b een sen t in t o t h e C o m m i tt ee b y v ar i o u s t h en livin g p o e t s ,

(Har e Wa lks in L o n d o n i
,
T h e Hay M ar k et in a s t re e t ,
.
-
,

o f t h e sa m e n a m e b e t ween P a ll M a ll an d Picc a dill y a n d p ar a ll e l ,

t o S t J a m e s s S t r ee t so c a ll e d b e c a u s e a m ar k et w as h e ld t h ere
’
.
,

f o r h ay an d s tr aw fr o m E liz a be th s t i m e t o t h e ear l y yea r s o f th e

’

p r e sen t c en t u r y .

1 26 t h e E xch a n g e t h e R o y a l E x ch an g e in t h e ci ty a t t h e
. .
, ,

e a st en d o f t h e P o ul t r y o r i i n a ll y b uil t b y S ir Tho m as Gre sha m

g , ,

t h e gr ea t m er ch a n t p r i n c e o f t h e s ix t een t h c en t u r y a n d o p en e d ,

b y E lizab e t h in 15 7 1 d estr o y ed b y t h e Gr ea t Fi re o f L o n do n in
16 66 a n d a ga i n by fi r e in 18 3 8
,
T h e p r esen t b uildin g w as .

er e c t e d in 1 8 44 .

1 27 J on a t h an s a c o ffe e h o u se in C o rn hill whe re t h e S to ck

’
-
.
.
, ,

E xch an g e w a s o r i gi n a ll y h eld an d t h e gr ea t sc en e o f a c t i o n in ,

t h e S o u t h Sea B ubb l e o f 17 20 -
.

l 3 2 a s p ec ul at ive stat e sm an a st a t es m an in t heo r y tho u gh

. . .
, ,

n o t o n e in p r a c t ic e ; t h e a dj e c t iv e q u a lifi es s ol di er m er ch a nt a n d , ,

ar t i z an a l so .

1 3 4 v er sed
. . a c qu a i n t e d wi t h t h e du t i e s an d

p o si t i o n o f a hu sb a n d .

1 3 5 eco n om y m an ag em en t o f a ho u s eho ld
. .
,
.

P 4 l 1 b l ot s m ist ak es t h e co m m o n p ro verb is Lo o k e rs
.
, . .
,

o n se e m o st o f t h e ga m e
”
.

.1 2 esp ou s ed cl o sel y un i t e d m y s e lf wi th
. li t er a lly t o g ive o r
,

t ak e a s a sp o use .

ll 4 5 unl ess si de u n l ess th e h o st ilit i es o f e it her p ar ty

.
,
.
,

sh o uld c o m p e l m e t o r a n g e m y self o n o n e s i de o r t h e o t h er .

I 12 o cc as ion o pp o r t un i t y an d p r o p r i et y
. .
, .

11 16 7 t o p r in t my sel f o ut t o p u t o n p ap er al l t h e r e fl ec t i o n s
.
, . ,

t h a t h ave o cc urr e d t o m e a n d t h e exp er i en ce o f t h e w o r ld th at I ,

have ga i n ed du r in g m y life .

1 20 a sh eet f ull , as m uch as is c o n t a in e d in a sin gl e shee t

. . .

1 27 sp ok en t o r eferr e d t o m a de m en t i o n o f
. .
, ,
.

1 3 2 t o t h e emb el li sh m en t o f m y p ap er t o w ar ds m ak in g m y
. .
,

pap er m o r e a tt ra c t ive an d i n t er e st in g .

1 3 6 civil i ti es a c t s o f civility p o lit e a tt en t i o n s

. .
, ,
.

P 5 l 4 c om p l exi o n h ere p r o b ab ly u sed a s n o wa days in

.
, . .
, , ,

t h e r est r ic t e d sen se o f t h e c o l o u r in g o f t h e f ac e t h o ugh f o rm er ly ,

fr equen t in t h e wider sen se o f ex t ern a l app earan c e gen er ally .

3 THE S PE CTAT OR S ACCOUNT ’
O F H I M S E LF .
123

15
. . m ak e di s c overi es
v l ; cp p 7 3 l 3 0 o f , r e ea . .
, . .

l 10 c on c ert ed agr eed up o n t o g eth er

. .
, .

1 12 t o st an d
. .f r on t t o b e t h e ir r ep r esen t a t ive , .

1 14 Mr B uckl ey s
. . S am u el B uck l ey w as what w e sho uld
.
’
,

n o w c a ll t h e p ub li sher o f t h e S p ec t a t o r (S a l m o n ) Littl e .

Br it ai n so c a ll e d f r o m t h e m a n s i o n o f J o hn D uk e o f B r et agn e in
, ,

t h e t i m e o f E dw ar d t h e S e c o n d a st r eet r u n n in g i n t o Ald er sg a t e ,

S t reet an d in Addi so n s day t h e great q ua rt er o f t h e b o ok sell er s

,
’
.

OF T HE CL U B . No . 2 .

P .l 25 Sir R og er T h e o r igi n a l o f thi s chara c ter w a s l o n g

5, . . .

sup po se d t h o u gh wi th o u t a n y s u ffici en t evid en c e t o b e a c er t a i n

, ,

Sir J o hn Pa c k i n g t o n a W o r c e st er shi r e b aro n et , .

ll 25 6 th at f am ous c oun try dan ce a dan c e s t ill in u se m o r e

.
, .
-
, ,

“
esp e ci a ll y a t t h e en d o f a b all ; s o c a ll e d fr o m b e i n g m o r e c o mm o n
in c o u n t r y p l a c es th an in t o wn s t h o u gh c o m m o n l y supp o se d t o ,

b e fro m t h e F c o n tr e d a n se T
ill s q uo ted by S a l m o n say s
“A n au to gra h a cco un t by R alph Tho re sby o f t h e fam ily o f
-
. .
, , ,

C a lver l ey o f al verl ey in Y o r k shir e da t e d 17 17 a n d wh ich is , , ,

n o w in t h e p o s s e ss i o n o f S ir W C a lver l ey T r ev ely an s t a tes tha t .

,

t h e tun e o f Ro ger a C a lv er l ey w a s n a m ed a ft er S ir R og er o f
C alver l ey w h o live d in t h e t im e o f R ichar d t h e Fir st
,
.
”

27 p ar t s m en t a l e n do w m
. en t s ,
.

l 3 0 P 6 1 1 on l y as
.
-
wr on g o n l y in so far in such r esp e c t s
.
, . .
, , ,

as h is o p in i o n s o f wh a t i s r i gh t a n d wr o n g di ff er fr o m t hos e o f

t h e w o r ld in gen era l h is s in gul ar i t i es n o t b ei n g m er e whi m s a n d

c ap r ic es wi tho u t reaso n ab l e f o un da t io n o r o r igin .

1 3 u n c on fin ed
. f orm s n ot h a m p er e d b y an y fo r ms o f ,

b ehav i o u r t ha t ar e p r es c r i b ed m er el y by fashi o n an d cu s to m .

l 6 S oh o S q uar e t o t h e so ut h o f Oxfo r d S tr eet fo r m er ly

. .
, ,

c a ll ed Kin g s S quare w a s a very fashi o n ab l e p ar t o f t h e t o wn

’
,

fro m th e day s o f t h e S tuar t s t o t h m iddl e o f t h e l ast c en t ury .

It is sa id t o de rive it s n am e fro m t h e w o rds S o H o e t h e c ry ,

”

u se d in hun t in g t h e h are a p as t i m e in which th e M ay o r an d ,

C o rp o r a ti o n u sed t o in dul ge in t h e fi elds o n which t h e squar e

w as a ft er w a r ds b uil t .

1 7 b y r ea s o n b e c au se ; a ph r ase n o w a l m o s t o b so l e t e cr o s sed
. .
, ,

thw ar t ed disapp o in t ed p erv er se so so far as h is wish es w er e

, .
, .

c o n c ern e d .

1 10 my L or d R o ch est er
. . Eth er eg e t w o w ell k n o wn m e n o f ,
-

fa shio n o f t h e t i m e ; t h e fo r m er J o h n W il m o t E ar l o f R o ch e st er , , ,

a co u r t i er a n d a p o e t in fa m o u s fo r h is deb auch ery ; t h e l att er , ,

Sir G eo rge a wr i t er o f c o m edi es a n d eq ua lly l o o se in h is l ife my

,
124 NOT E S .
[ P A G ES

w as a n d st ill is o f t en p r efix e d t o t h e t i tl e ‘ Lo r d , ’ so m e t i m es in
t h e w ay o f r esp e c t , so m et i m e s wi t h a s a r c a st ic em ph as i s .

l . 11 B ull y Da w s on ,
. a n o or o t i u s sharp er an d deb auch ee ab o u t
to w n at thi s p er i o d .

1 13. . il l u sed so
-
, . in b e in g first en c o ur a g e d an d a ft er war ds
rep ul s ed .

l 15 j o vial m err y gen era lly wi th t h e idea o f b o i st er o us

. .
, ,

m i r th Lik e m er cur i al sa t ur n in e et c a r elic o f t h e fo rm er

.
,
’
,
’
.
,

b eli ef in a s t r o l o g y a cc o r di n g t o which a m a n s t e m p era m en t w a s ’ ’

su
pp o s ed t o b e affec t e d by t h e p l a n e t ju s t r i si ng ab o ve th e ea st ern
ho r izo n a t h is b i r th Thu s t h e p la n e t o f Jil p it er o r J o ve w as .

c o n sider ed o f j o y ful augu ry an d m en b o r n u n der i t t o b e o f a

j o y o us disp o sit io n tho se b o rn un der S a t u rn t o p ar ta k e o f t h e
,

g l o o m y n a tu r e o f tha t go d t h o se u n der M er cury t o re se m b l e th at ,

light hea rt ed d ei ty O th er wo r ds ha vi n g a sim ili ar o r igin ar e

-
.

di sas tr o u s ill st arre d in fi uen c e et c

,
’
-
,
’
,
’
.

1 16 n ever dr ess ed a f t er wa r d s sfo fa shi o n ab l y n ever c ar ed

. .
,
.

wha t h e w o r e wh eth er i t w a s in t h e fashi o n o r n o t

, .

1 17 d ou b l et an in n er gar m en t which ser ve d so t o sp eak as

.
, , ,

a 1 1n in g o r d o ub l e t o t h e o u t er o n e ; F d o u bl e w i t h t h e dim in u .
,

t i ve suffix et -
.

1 19 in an d o ut so o f fashi o n
. . . . .

1 2 1 a g o od h ou s e a w e ll app o i n t ed a n d h o sp i tab l e ho u se
. .
,
-
.

1 28 a j usti c e of t h e q u or u m o n e o f t h e c o u n ty ju st ic e s
. .
,

m a g i s t ra t e s T h e w o r d q u o r u m n o w u s e d o f a n u m b er o f
.
,

m em b er s o f a n y b o dy su ffici en t t o tr a n sa c t b u s i n ess is t h e L a t , .

quor um of wh o m i t b e in g u s u a l f o r m er l y t o e n u m e ra t e t h e
, ,

m e mb er s fo r m in g a c o m m i tt ee of w h om a c er t a i n n u m b er m ust ,

b e p r e sen t a t a m e et in g .

1 29 a q uar t er s ess ion t h e q u ar ter l y m eet in g o f t h e j ust ic es

. .
-
,

f o r t h e t r i a l o f o ffen der s a g a in st t h e p ea c e ; w e n o w u s e th e
p lu ra l qu ar t er sess i o n s
’
-
.

ll 3 0 1 b y expl aini n g Game A ct sa id wi th a p l easan t sar

.
, .
-
,

c asm as t ho ugh t h e Ac t fo r t h e pr e ser vat io n o f gam e w as s o m e

,

thin g b ey o n d o r din a ry c o m p r ehen s io n T h e Ga m e La w s ar e a .

r emnan t o f t h e f o res t l aw s i m p o se d b y W illi a m t h e C o n qu er o r ,

w h o t o p r eser v e h is g am e m a de i t f o r fe i t u r e o f p r o p er t y t o
, ,

disab l e a wild b ea st an d l o ss o f ey es fo r a stag b uck o r b o ar , , , .

T h e fi rs t Gam e Ac t w as p as se d in 149 6 an d there h av e b een ,

m an y o th er s s in c e t hen S ee n o t e o n p 7 1 l 7 . .
, . .

l 3 3 th e Inn er T emp l e T h e m ili t ar y o rder o f so ldi ers o f

. .
-
.

t h e T em p l e t o p r o t e c t p il gr i m s w a s f o u n de d a b o u t 111
”
,
8 by ,

B a ldwin II Ki n g o f J e r u sa l em .
,
T h e T em pl ars w er e n u m ero u s .

in sev er a l c o un t r i es an d c a m e t o E n g l an d b efo r e 118 5 ,

A t th e .

supp r e ss i o n o f t h e O r d er t h ei r dw ellin g t h e T em p l e w a s p ur , , ,
l 26 NOT E S .
[ PA G E S

13 3
1 . 4 h e c al l s , c o mm on , sp eak s o f t h e s ea as t h o u gh i t
.

w er e a s m uch a B r i t i sh p o ss e s si o n a s is t h e c o m m o n t h e p o ssess i o n
o f an E n g lis h vill ag e A C o m m o n is a p o r t i o n o f m ea do wl an d .

in a vill ag e, which f o r t h e p u rp o se o f f eedi n g a n i m a l s , f o r r u ra l

sp or t s , e t c , is p r o p er t y c o mm o n t o t h e vill ag er s in g en er a l
. .

P 8 , 1 3 an d i f an o t h er , f r o m an ot h er , an e lli p t ic a l exp res

. . .

s i o n fo r a n d if an o t h er p ar t o f o u r t ra d e w er e w ell cul t iva t ed ,

w e sho uld g ain fr o m an o t her n at i o n

’
.

1
1 15 , 6
. th at t h er e i s n ot own er
. t ha t h e is a very r ich ,

m a n in d eed an d t her efo r e t h a t t o say t ha t Eng l a n d

,
m en is
eq uival en t t o s a y i n g it s wea l t h w o uld b e very m uch g r ea t er t h an
th at o f an y o t her n a t io n
“
.

1 17 C a p tain S en try
. . It h a s b een s a id th at t h e r ea l p e r so n , ,

a llud e d t o u n d er t hi s n a m e w as C K em p en fel t fa th er o f t h e .
,

Adm i ra l K em p enf elt w h o d ep l o r ab l y l o st h is life wh en t h e R o ya l

G eo r ge o f 100 gun s su n k a t S p i t hea d A u g 29 17 8 2 (Fer g uso n ) ,
.

, .

11 20 1 at p uttin g
.
,
t h em in b r in g i n g t hei r t al en t s so p r o
.
,

m in en tl y un d er th e n o t ic e o f t h o se w h o o u ght t o c o n sider t hem

as t o en su re t heir b e i n g p ro p e r l y r eg ar d e d .

1 23 eng ag em ent s b att l es

. .
, .

ll 26 7 w h o i s n o t sol di er un l ess in a ddit i on t o h is b e in g

.
,
.
, ,

an ab l e s o ldi er h e h as a l so e n o ug h o f th e a r t s o f a c o u r t i er t o
,

r e c o m m en d him self t o tho s e in au t h o r i t y .

1 28 im p ud en c e efi ro n t er y un ab ashed assu ra n c e
'

.
. .
, ,

11 29 3 0 t alk e d t o t h i s p u r p o se sp o k en o n t hi s subj ec t in
.
, .
,

t hi s w ay t o thi s p urp o r t ,
.

l 3 1 l ef t t h e worl d r et i r ed in t o p r iv at e life
. . , .

133
. . h im , t h e m an w h o .

1 3 4, 5
1 . . wh o en d ea v o ur c o mm an der wh o se a im is th e sam e ,

as h is own , viz .
,
to o b t a in t h e go o d gr a c e s o f so m e sup er i o r in
m ili t ary c o m m an d .

. di sp en sin g t h ei r favo ur
1 3 6 di sp o sin g ,
. .

P 9 l 2 a m in d an i n clin a t i o n
.
, . .
,
.

ll 2 3 t o c o m e at m e t o r each m e t e m y c ase
.
, .
, , . . .

1 4 w o ul d m ak e a fi g ur e a im s a t wi n n in g a high p o si t i o n fo r
. .
,

hi m self S ee n o t e o n p 7 1 3 3
. .
,
. .

ll 15 6 in t h e u tmo st h im im m easurab l y h is i n fer io rs in

.
,
.
,

r an k .

1 18 h um our i s t s, s t ran ge n a ture d

. .
-
, e cc en tr ic fell o ws .

1 19 g all an t ri es l o v e a dv en tu r es
. .
,
.

ll . 2 1, 2 . sh oul d be i ught t o b e c o n sider ed an o ld m an

l fe , o .

c ar ef ul of h i s p ers on , c ar eful t o liv e a lif e whic h sh o uld n o t .

 o r T HE CLU B . 127

prem a tur e ly c a reful o f a yo u thfu

ag e l app ea r an c e so f ar
h im ,
a s i t m a y b e p reser v ed b y a life o f m o d er at i o n .

1 23 a very ea sy f o r tu n e such a suffici en cy o f w ea l th as p re

. .
,

ven t s an y an xi ety o n tha t s co r e .

11 24 5 tra c es i n h i s b rain m a r k s o f s en ili t y in h is u n d er

.
, .
,

s t an d in g well tur n ed we ll fo rm ed o f a go o d fi gur e

.
, ,
.

1 28 h ab i t s fa shi o n s o f d re ss
. .
,
.

11 28 9 He c an smil e
.
,
ea sil y t e h e is n o t so t a k en u p wi th
.
, . .

him self as n o t t o b e ab l e t o m eet m en wi th ready co ur t esy .

1 3 0 m o de fashi o n
. .
,
.

1 3 3 wh o se f r ail ty
. . p ett i c oa t wh a t fr a il l a d y o f c e l eb r i ty ,

b ro u gh t a p ar t icul ar k i n d o f p ett ic o a t i n t o fa shi o n ; p etti c oat ,

t h e s k i r t u n d er n ea t h t h e l o w er p ar t o f t h e dr es s .

P 10 l 2 th e Duk e of M on m o u t h
.
,
. . Jam es C r o fts a n a t ur a l .
,

so n o f C har l es II b y Luc y W a t er s b 1649 re m a rk a b l e f o r h is

.
, , .
,

er so n al b ea u t y an d g ra c eful m a n n e r s B an i she d fr o m E n gl a n d .

in 168 3 f o r c o m p lici ty in t h e R y e h o u se p l o t ; i n v a d e d E n g l an d -

in 168 5 ; p r o cl a i m e d k in g a t T a un t o n 20 t h J u n e in t h e sa m e ,

ear d ef ea t e d a t S e d g em o o r 6t h J ul y b eh ea d e d o n T o w er hill
y
-
, , , ,

15 t h Jul y .

1 3 smi tt en so wi th l o ve
. . , . .

1 4 was t ak en with h im fell in lo v e wi th h im

. .
, .

1 6 a b l ow o f a f a n a t ap o f t h e fan as a m ar k o f fa vo u rab l e
. .
,

n o t ic e ; t h e f a n p l a y e d a m o r e i m p o r ta n t p a r t in t h e g a ll a n t r i es
o f t h o se d ay s t h a n i t d o e s n o w s e e t h e E ssa y o n Th e E x er c ise of
th e Fa n .

1 7 L or d s uch a on e
. .
- -
, so m e l o r d wh o se n am e is n o t m en t i o n ed .

1 10 l ch eat ed m e
1 c r aft ily w o n th e l a dy t o wh o m
’

.
, a fi ai r ,

I w as uito r a s .

1 1 11 2 u se d
. th an trea ted m e wo rse t han made ad vanc es
, .
, .

t o c o u r t e d m a de l o v e t o
, , .

11 13 4 us o f
. turn us w h o a re o f a gr aver di sp o s it io n
, .
, .

ll 20 1 add s t o every m an h im sel f p uts eve ry m an i n t o a

.
, .
,

bett er hu m o ur wi t h h i m self a n d al l ab o u t h im .

1 25 p r ef er m en t s i n h i s f un c ti on p r o fe ss io n a l a dvan c em en t
. .
, ,

cl e ric a l o ffi ces app o in t m en t s , .

ll 26 7 a ch amb er cou n sell or o n e who se p r a c t ic e c o n s i sts in

.
, .
-
,

givi n g l eg a l o p in i o n s u p o n m a tt ers in di sp u t e o r n ee di n g s e tt l e
'

m e n t wi th o u t h a vi n g t o go i n t o c o u r t t o c o n d uc t c a ses s uch
,

c o un sell o r s ar e chi efly c o n v ey a n c e rs eq ui ty l awyers e tc , , .

1 2 9 a dvan c es b r in g s i n to r ep u t e
. .
, .

ll 3 1 2 f al l o n t o p ic ta k e up d i s c o u r se u po n s o m e quest i o n
.
,
.
, , ,

o f r e li g i o n .
128 N O TES .
[ P A G ES

1
1 3 4, 5
. . con ei c ves infi r mi t i es , fi n ds in t h e d ecay o f h is
p hy s ic a l p o w e rs a n a ssu ra n c e th a t he will sho r t l y exchan ge tha t
decay fo r life et ern al .

S I R RO GE R AT HOM E . No . 10 6
.

P . I I, 1 8 . . t o p a ss a way w e sho uld n o w o m i t away

, .

1 11
. . sp e ul a c t io n s , m edi t a t i o n s s uch as a sp e c ta t o r of life
m i gh t in dulge in .

l 15 wi th out
. . m erry , wi th o u t w orry in g m e by eff o rt s
to m ak e m e seem m o r e ch eerful ; l ett in g m e a l o n e wh en n o t
in clin ed t o m ir th .

ll . 16, 7 .ce k n o win g m y n a tur a l shyn ess

o nl y sh ow s di st an , .

1 18 s t ealin g a sig h t fur t iv el y tr y in g t o get a glimp se o f m e

. .
, .

1 22 staid se dat e
. .
, .

1 26 are all in y ear s are all gett in g o l d

. .
, .

1 27 val et d e ch amb r e p erso n a l ser v an t o n e w h o att en d s

. .
, ,

h im in h is b edr o o m h e l p in g t o dress a n d u n d re ss h im e t c , , .

1 3 0 a p rivy c o un cill or a m e m b er o f th e s o v ereign s Pr ivy

’
-
. .
,

C o un cil a n d t her efo r e pr es um ed to be a m an o f wisdo m an d

,

dis cr eti o n .

l 3 1 even h ou se dog even in t h e way s o f t h e o l d h o use do g

. .
-
,
-
,

w h o sh o w s in h is b eh a vi o u r t h e a ffe c t i o n a t e t r eat m en t t o whic h

h e h a s b e en u se d : p a d h o r se r idden o n a p a d o r st uffe d sa ddl e , , .

S o w e sp eak o f a p a d e l ep h an t a s o p p o s ed t o o n e c arr y i n g a
‘ ’

h u a da .

P 1 12 t emp er ed, m i x ed
. 12 , . . .

1 14 h um a nity , k in dn es s o f m an n er
. . : eng ag es , b in ds wi th
a ffec t io n .

1 15 i s p l easan t
. . t h em , m a k es j o k es in a p l easan t way at
th eir exp en se : f amil y , ho u seho ld .

1 19
. . xi ety
c on c er n ,
an .

ll 28 9 in th e n a tur e o f a ch ap l ain as a so r t o f do m es t ic
.
,
.
,

p r i es t I n. t h o se d ay s g en t l em en o f m e a n s esp e ci a ll y t ho s e ,

livin g in t h e c o un tr y gen era ll y h ad a p r iva te chapl a in atta ched ,

t o t h e h o u seh o l d ; a n d h is p o s i t i o n u n li k e t h a t o f S ir R o ger s
’
,

chap l ain w as us ua lly o f a n a l m o st m en i a l ch ara ct er

,
.

P 13 l 2 extr avag an ce wil dn ess exuberan ce

.
,
. .
, , .

l 4 c ast di sp o s it i o n ch ara c t er o f m in d
. .
, , , .

1 11
. . Gr eek hum ili at e d by a disp l ay o f l ear n in g ,

which h is o w n e duca t i o n h a d n egl e ct ed .

l 14 asp ect p er so n a l ap p eara n ce

. .
,
.
13 0 NOT E S .
[ PA G ES

1 23
. v , b ef or eh an d as a lway s t o ha ve m o re t han
4 . as e er ,

su ffici en t t o m ee t p r es en t d em an d s t o h av e m o n ey in h an d f o r
fut ur e c o n t in gen ci es t o h ave t h e b al an ce o n t h e r i ght side C p . .

T h e Sp ec ta to r , N o 450 , H a vin g littl e o r n oth ing bef or eh a n d , an d

.

livin g fro m han d t o m o u th ”

S o beh in dh a n d = in ar rear a s t o t h e .

dis ch arge o f o n e S liab ili ti es , in deb t C p Swift , T a le of a Tub,

’
. .

2, Havin g r un so m e thin g beh indh a nd wi t h t h e wo r ld ”

.

1 29 th e l ower
. . f a mil y , i e t h e serv an t s O f o ld t h e w o r d . . .

f a mily m o r e c o m m o n l y th an at p r esen t i n clud ed all w h o live d in

, ,

one h o u se head p ar en t s childr en an d ser van t s et c

or un d er on e , , , , .

It is fro m L a t f a m ilia h o u seho ld fro m f a mulus servan t

.
, , ,
.

l 3 1 r at ed ab u se d s co ld ed
. .
, , .

P 16 l 2 mean p etty m i n d ed un gen er o u s : w orth y d eservi n g

.
, . .
,
-
, ,
.

ll 3 4 t h at h e cam e or d er a s t o hav e m ade i t p o ss ib l e fo r

.
, .
,

h i m t o have c a rr i e d o u t h is o r d er s s o q uick l y All suc h i n qui r i es .

sh o w t h e m ast er s in t er es t in h is s er va n t s a n d in t ho s e in h is
’

n e i hb o u rh o o d s m a ll a s w ell as g r ea t
g , .

1 8 p reserves a res p ect h a s w o n an d a lw ay s r et a in s a r ev er

. .
,

en t ia l h o m ag e in a l l h is d o in g s an d a t a ll t i m e s is r egar d ed by
h is servan t s as so m e o n e t o wh o m r eve ren c e is d ue .

1 11 t h e distin ct i on t h e m ar k o f favo u r by which h e is dis

. .
,

t in gu ish ed fr o m o th ers l e ss w o r t hy t h e ho n o u r which h e fe el s i t

t o b e t o b e a ll o we d t o c o m e in t o h is m ast er s p rese n c e
’
.

1 17 c as t c l oth es cl o th es which ha ve b een w o r n t ill they w er e

. .
,

n o l o n er fi t f o r w ear in g a n d t h en b een re j e c t e d l eft O E clo t hes

g
-
.

1 19 th e p art ies i e t h e m as t er w h o h a s o n c e w o r n t hem an d

. .
,
. .

t h e ser van t t h a t n o w wea r s them a ft er b e in g c as t o ff .

1 20 p l ea san t fa c e t io u s j o cul ar on th is o ccas ion so wh en

. .
, , , .

i t h as happ en e d that a ser van t app ear s wear in g h is m aster s o l d ’

cl o th es .

ll 21 2 in t h at c oat wh en dr essed in th at c o a t
.
, .
, .

ll 22 3 was t h e m ost h i m self w a s th at o n which h e p r ided

.
, .
,

him se lf m o r e than up o n an y thin g e l se a s dis t in g uishin g h im by

its n o ve l t y it s sp l en d o u r it s fa shi o n et c fr o m a ll o t h er p ers o n s
, , , .
, .

Cp di stin ct io n l 11ab o ve
.
,
. .

1 25 of t h is k in d r eferr in g t o b oun t ies n o t t o l a dies

. .
, , .

I 26 a fi n e w oman a l a dy o f fa shi o n ra n k
. .
, , .

1 27 b ec omin g li t era lly sui tab l e b efi tt in g an d so g ra c eful

. .
, , , ,

o r n a m en t a l .

1 3 0 2 a g ood servan t
. . al l o n e w h o s er v es h im fa i thfull y is
su r e t o b e so w ell r ew ar d e d t ha t aft er a f e w y ea r s h e will b e
in dep en den t o f servic e a n d b e a b l e t o set up fo r hi m se lf in so m e
,

tra de o r o ccup at i o n which h e li k es .

 TH E COV ERLEY HO USEHOLD .
13 1

3 3 h usb an d , m anag er o f h is a fi a irs ; t h e o l d sen se o f th e

'

l . .

wo r d is m ast er o f a ho u se , an d s o c o rresp o n ds wi t h eco n o m i st ,

’ ‘ ’

o n e w h o m an a ge s a h o u seh o ld ; h en c e a g o o d h u sb a n d = an
‘ ’

e c o n o m ic a l p ers o n , a p r ud en t m an ager o f h is h o u seho ld a ff a i r s ,

h is m o n ey m att er s .

1 3 4 th e sk ill
. . car e in p rop or t i o n in g h is ex p en di
of t h e p ur se ,
ture t o h is in c o m e that o n which all o ther virt ues
: c ar di n al ,

hin ge t urn are dep en den t L a t ca r do a hin ge

, , .
, .

ll 3 5 6 t h a t f r ug al ity g en er osity tha t li berali ty is p o ssib le

.
, .
,

o n l y in o n e w h o is p r ud en t in h is ex p en di t u r e g en er o sit y in it s
l arger sen se i n cludes a ll t h e n o b l er vir tu es t h e w o r d b e in g fro m ,

La t gen er osa s o f go o d o r n o b l e b i r th a n d so n o b l e m in de d m ag
.
, ,
-
,

n a n i mo u s h er e i t is u sed in t h e m o r e r estr ic t e d sen se o f lib era li ty

in g ivi n g fr ee han de dn ess ,
-
.

l 3 6 fi n e h ere u sed in its str ic t ly l ega l sen se

. .
,
Th e n ec essary .

ch an ges which are co n stan t l y o ccur r i n g o f t h e p er so n s w h o fr om

t i m e t o t i m e ar e t en an t s o n t h e r o ll s fo r m o cc a s io n ally a so ur c e ,

o f c o n s id erab l e
p ro fi t t o t h e l o r d s Fo r b y th e cus t o m o f m a n o r s .
,

o n e ver y ch an g e o f t en an c y wh e th er by d e at h o r a li en a t i o n fi n es , ,

o f m o r e o r l ess a m o u n t b e c o m e p ay ab l e t o th e l o r d By th e .

cust o m s o f so m e m a n o r s th e fi n e p ayab l e w as an cien t l y arb i tr a ry ;

b u t in m o d ern t i m es fi n es e v en when a rb i t rar y b y cu s t o m ar e
, , ,

r est r a i n e d t o i m p ro ve d v alu e o f t h e l a n d a ft er
’
t w o y ear s
d educ tin g q u i t ren t s (William s L a w of R eal P r op er ty p , , .

P 17 l l a t en emen t o r th in g h eld w a s o r i gi n a ll y u se d o f
.
, . .
, ,

l a n ds ho u ses a n d i m m o veab l e p ro p er ty i e thin gs held o f a feuda l

, , , . .

su p er i o r b ut a s in o r di n a ry l a n gua g e so a l so in l a w a t en em en t , ,

o ft en m ea n s m er e l y a h o u se f all s fa ll s in r ev er t s t o t h e l o r d o f
“

, ,

th e m an o r t h e t en an cy c o m i n g t o a n en d : th at settl em en t t h e
, ,

m ean s o f s ett li n g hi m s elf in life by b e c o m i n g t en an t o f a far m ,

p u b lic h o u s e h o u se o f b u s i n es s e t c
-
.
, ,

1 2 h as a m in d
. . worl d is d esi ro us o f sett in g u p in b u sin ess ,

fo r h im s elf : a st r an g er a n e w c o m e r w h o en t er s u p o n t h e t en an cy
, .

l 6 t o h ave n o
. . t o b e a lw a y s in a s t a t e o f
dep en den c e t h e sta t e o f a serva n t , .

11 8 9 g o es on
.
, li veli h oo ds m a k es every eff o r t t o e s t ab li sh
.
,

h is servan t s in p o s i t i o n s in which t h ey c an e a r n the i r live liho o d

b y i n dep en d en t o ccu p a t i o n such as far m i n g t r a di n g e t c , , , .

1 12 3 t h e visi ta n t s
.
, . c ountry th o se w h o c am e fr o m v ar i o u s ,

p ar t s o f t h e n eigh b o ur h o o d t o p a y h im a vi s i t o f w e lc o m e o n h is
ret u rn i n g fr o m t o w n t o h is c o u n t r y sea t .

11 16 7 fin er
.
, . m en o f m o r e r efi n e d
m an n er s an d gr ea t er c o ur tesy in t he i r w ay o f w elc o m in g t he ir
o ld m a st er .

1 18 m an um i ssi on fr eein g fro m s ervic e a L a t in t e r m

. .
, Th e .

o l des t fo r m o f m a n um issio g ivin g fr e edo m t o a s l a ve w a s as , ,

13 2 NOTES .
[ PAG ES

fo ll ows : T h e m aster br ought h is sl a ve befo r e th e m agi stra te an d ,

s ta t e d t h e gr o u n d s o f t h e in t en de d m an u m i s s i o n t h e lic t o r l a id
a r o d o n t h e h ea d o f t h e s l a v e a cc o m p an y in g t h e a c t i o n wi t h ,

c ertain fo rm a l wo r ds in which h e de cl ared h is fr eedo m an d t h e

m ast er ho ldi n g t h e sl a ve a ft er p ro n o u n c in g h is wi sh t ha t h e
, ,

s ho uld b e se t fr ee t urn e d h im ro un d a n d l et h im go (emisit e

,

ma n u ) wh en c e t h e gen er al n a me o f t h e a c t o f m an u m issio n
, .

ll 22 3 wh i ch c an b e p l eased t h em which whil e willin g t o

.
, .
,

b e p l eased r ea dy t o a cc ep t a c t s o f du t iful ser vic e h a ve n o t t h e

, ,

g en er o si ty t o r ew ar d th em .

1 1 27 8 sh own t o th eir u n don e p atr on s

.
, . t h em b eha v ed in ,

such a m a n n e r t o th e i r m ast er s wh en in a s t a t e o f r uin as t o sh o w

t hem tha t if fo rt un e h ad chan ged ever y thin g else r em a i n ed ,

un chan ged an d that t h ey w ere as dev o t ed s erva n ts a s in th e day s

,

o f t h e i r m a st e r s ful le s t p r osp e r i t y ; u n der t h e gen era l s en se o f

’

p ro t e c t o r d efen d er th e L at p a tr on us w as a l so t h e fo rm er m a st er
, , .

o f a freedm an .

ll 3 5 6 s ent p r en ti c e p u t h im o u t as app ren t ic e t o so m e

.
, .
,

t rade b y p ay in g t h e p r em i u m r equi re d by t h e m a ster tra desm an

w h o w a s t o t ea ch h im h is t r a de .

P 18 l 5 l ivery li t era ll y a thi n g deliver ed ; then ce a un ifo rm

.
, . . , ,

delivered t o serva n t s t o b e wo rn b y t hem .

1 1 9 10 f or an a cc ou n t o f it f o r a rel at i o n o f t h e in ciden t s set

.
, .
,

fo r th in t h e p ic t ur e .

1 13 som e s udd en ill n ess such as c ram p in h is lim b s

. .
, .

1 1 14 5 th e dr ess t h e livery which t h e ser van t h a d w o r n up

.
, .
,

t o th a t t i m e t hu s d ec l a r in g h im t o b e n o l o n ger a serva n t
, .

1 16 b ou n ty g en er o si t y
. .
, .

1 17 s eat p l a c e o f r es id en c e
. .
, .

1 21 a li ttl e di ss at is fi ed so at th e fo r m er servan t b ei n g
. .
, .

p a i n t e d in h is s erva n t s live ry n o t in such a d r ess a s h e n o w

’
,

wo re .

1 24 h ab it dress c o stu m e
. .
, , .

CH ARACTE R OF W I LL W I M B LE . No . 10 8 .

P . 18 M r Willi am Wimbl e ,
. 1 30. A Y o rk shir e gen tl em an ,
. .

who se n am e w a s M r T h o m a s M o rec raft (Ferg us on ) . .

P 19 , l 1 wit h h i s servi c e, wi t h an exp ressi o n o f h is go o d will ;

. . .
-

with h is c o m p li m en ts, as w e n o w say .

1 6
. j ack a p i k e a r i ver fi sh o f
. a. , , a ver y vo r aci ous chara c t er
an d o n e a ff o r din g c o n s id e r ab l e sp o r t t o t h e fi sh er m a n ; in so m e
p ar ts o f t h e c o un tr y t h e n a m e j a c k is u se d o n l y o f y o u n g p i k e
‘
.
 13 4 N OT E S .
[ PA G E S

a re n ear l y w o rn o ut th ey , b e c au se h is m o dest y do es n o t li k e to
m en t i o n t h e t icl e n am e o f th e ar .

1 7 h u mou r s fan ciful way s

. .
, .

1 9 m ak e up t o u s app ro a ch u s ; a n o ther (c o ll o q ui a l ) sen se

. .
,

o f t h e p hra se is t o
p a y c o ur t t o t o a pp ro a ch (fi gu ra t ive l y ) wi t h ,

se rvil e d ef er en c e .

.l 17 sh uttl eco ck s c o n ica l p ie c es o f c o rk st uck ro un d t h e edge

.
,

wi th sm a ll feat hers a n d b an di ed b ac kwar ds an d fo r wa rds by a

k i n d o f r a qu et in t h e gam e o f b att l ed o r e a n d shu tt l ec o c k a g a m e ,

s t ill p l a ed b
y y child r en a n d so m e t i m es b y gr o wn u p p eo p l e m o re
-
,

c o m m o n ly in do o r s o n a r a in y day .

.l 21 sp rung di stu rb ed an d ca u sed t o fl y o u t fro m its p l a ce o f

.
,

c o n c ealm en t in t h e grass o r un derwo o d .

1 1 23 4 t h e g a m e th a t I l ook f or t h e gam e I t ry t o hun t

.
, .
,

down t h e o b j ects o f m y s ear ch

, .

1 3 2 in a m ost sump tuo u s m a nn er Addi so n p ro b ab l y refers

. .
,

t o t h e fen n e l wi t h which i t is cu st o m ary t o d e c k a p i k e wh en

s er ve d a t t ab l e .

1 1 3 3 4 p l ay ed with it a fi sh is sa id t o b e p l a ye d wi th o r
.
, . , ,
’

n o wa d a y s
p l a y e d wh en t h e li n e is l o o sen e d so as t o a ll o w i t
‘ ’
,

fr ee p l a y in t h e wa t er then t igh t e n ed t o b ri n g i t u p t o war ds t h e

,

b a n k t h e O p era t i o n b e in g r ep ea t e d t i m e a ft er t i m e u n t il t h e fi sh
,

is c o m p l et e l y t i re d o u t a n d c a n b e l an d e d : f o il ed b a ffl ed it s ,

a tt e m p t s t o g e t o ff t h e ho o k o r b r ea k t h e li n e .

1 3 5 a l l th e fir st c ou r s e all t h e t i m e w e w er e eat in g th e fi r st
. .
,

c o urse ; t h e di nn er is d ivi de d i n to severa l co ur ses o r di n ar ily ,

th ree o r fo ur c o n s is t in g Of var i o u s k in ds o f fo o d b ut so m et i m es
, ,

p ro l o n ge d t o as m a n y a s sev en o r m o re .

1 3 6 P 2 1 l 1 fur ni s h ed c o n ver sa tion W ill W i m b l e dis

.
-
.
, . .
,

co ur sin g all t h e t im e up o n h is e xp er i en c es in sho o t in g wild fo wl .

l 2 th e q u ail p i p e a p ip e o r r eed u sed in lu r in g qu a il ; i t is

“
—
. .
,

thu s desc r ib e d by B at e quo t ed in N a r es s Glossa r y A qua ile,

’
,

p ip e o r c a ll is a sm a ll whi s t l e a n d th e r e is o ver t h e t o p o f i t ,

som e w r i th e d w y er [ i e twi s t ed wi r e ] which m u s t b e w ro u gh t . .

,

o v e r wi th l ea th er ; h o ld t h e whi st l e in y o u r l ef t h an d an d t h e ,

t o p o f t h e l ea th er b et w ee n e t h e fo r e fi n g er a n d t o p o f t h e t h um b e
o f y o ur r i ght h an d a n d b y p ulli n g s t r ei gh t t h e s a id l e a th er a n d
, ,

l ett in g i t sl a c k e n i m b l y i t will so un d lik e t h e c ry o f a qua il e ”

,
.

ll 10 1 mig h t
.
, . m i gh t ha ve r a i sed h im to
a p o si t i o n in whic h h e w o uld ha v e g ai n e d t h e e st ee m o f h is
fello wm en .

l 16 h ad rath er s ee wo uld p refer to see

. .
,
.

1 17 lik e g en tl em en reta in in g t h e p o s it i o n o f a gen t l eman

. .
,
.
2
3 0 23
-
] CHARACT E R OF W I LL W I M B LE .
13 5

l . 18 q ua lity , bir t h
. an d br eedi n g : h umour , c apr ic e fan ciful ,

no t ion s .

l 19
. . d fo r tun e fo r t un at e cu st o m
h ap p in es s , go o ,
.

1 2 1 any lib er a l
. .
p r o fes si on s uch a s divi n i ty l aw ph y sio , , ,

1 24 l a un ch ed a m et ap ho r fro m sen din g a v esse l in t o t h e

. .
,

wa t er fro m t h e s li p s o n wh ich i t r est s whil e in t h e b uildin g do c k .

l 3 0 imp r op er u n sui t ed in h is q ua l ific a t io n s

. .
, .

1 3 1 t urn ed fo rm ed a d ap t ed
. .
, ,
.

S I R R O GE R S ANCESTORS ’
. No . 10 9 .

P . 22, l . 3 . th e g all ery , so .

p ic t ures
of .

1 6 .con ver sat i o n

.
,
in t er c o ur se ; t h e o lder an d m o re lit era l
sen se o f t h e w o r d .

1
1 13 .
, 4 . af t er h is b l unt t h ing s , in t h e ab rupt w a y h e h as o f
t i
en er n g up on a s ubj e c t wi th o u t a ny thin g o ccu r r i n g t o l ea d up

to it .

1
1 17 , 8. ce of dr ess t h e e ff ec t which dress h as up o n th e
. t h e f or ,

p er so n a n d ch ar ac t er o f t h e w earer .

1 23 j ettin g s t an din g o u t fr o m t h e b o dy in exp an s iv e fo ld s

. . , .

So j et in E lizab etha n E n g li sh w as g en era ll y u se d i n t r an s i t i vel y ,

”
e g
. . T N ii 5 3 6 . h o w h e j ets un d er h is a dva n c e d p lu m es
. . .
, ,

i e s t r u t s st a l k s ; P er i 4 26
. . W h o se m en an d dam es so
, . . .
,

jetted a n d a do rn e d Th e wo r d is fr o m O F j etter t o c ast h ur l

”
. . .
, , ,

flin g ab o u t ; a n d wh en u s ed o f t h e p erso n m ean s t o flin g ab o u t

, ,

t h e li m b s in a s w agg er i n g m an n er b o nn et h ea d d ress ; n o w u s e d ,
-

in s uch a sen se o n ly o f t h e Sc o t ch Hig h l a n d c ap ; t h at w o rn b y

yeo m en o f th e g uar d is r o u n d in sh ap e m a de o f b l a c k ve lve t , ,

wi t h a g o ld b an d ab o ve t h e b r im .

1 23 h ab i t m an n er of dr e ss fashi o n
. .
, , .

11 24 5 y eoman o f t h e g u ar d m o r e c o mm o n l y k n o w n as a
.
, .
,

b eefea t er fo rm er l y an a tt en dan t o n t h e p ers o n o f th e

so v erei gn n o w o n e o f t h e s ub o r di n a t e a tt en da n t s a t t h e T o w er
,

o f Lo n do n .

1 27 l eaves
. exp an ded
. i e so th at it s full b r ea d t h c an b e , . .

seen .

P , 2 t h e Til t y ar d , a w id e o p en sp a c e in fr o n t o f t h e Ho rse
. 23 l . .
-

Gua r d s , o n c e t h e t il t i n g y ar d (o r p l a c e wh er e t o u r n a m en t s w e re -

h eld ) o f S t Jam es s Pa l a c e : Wh it eh all , fo rm erl y a r o ya l p a la c e ,

’
.

o ccup y i n g a l m o s t t h e who l e s p a c e be t w ee n Ch ar i n g C r o s s a n d
W est m in st er o n o n e s ide , a n d b e twe en S t Ja m e s s Par k an d t h e
’
.

Tha mes o n t h e o th er Pa r t o f t h e p a la c e w a s b urn t do w n in .

169 1, an d n ear l y t h e who l e o f t h e r e m a in d er w as d est r o y e d in

th e sam e w ay in 169 7 .
13 6 NO TES .
[ PA G E S

1
14 5 he
.
, ver ed p ieces i e t h e l an ce o f h is a dversary
. shi , . .

b r o k e in t o sever a l p i ec es wh en i t c a m e in c on t ac t wi t h h is c oa t
o f m a il o r h is shi eld
, .

11 5 6 l ook y ou
.
, . m ann er as h e say s t hi s Sir R o ger im i t at es , ,

t h e a ct i o n o f h is a n c est o r in t h e t o u rn a m en t .

ll 6 7 cam e
.
, . for ced h is w ay r igh t up t o h is adver sary ,

t hr u st in g h is shi eld a s id e (so t ha t h e w a s ab l e t o p ut h is arm

ro u n d h im an d lift h im o n t o h is ho r s e ) ; t ar g et a di m in u t ive ,

o f ta r g e o r ig i n a ll, y m ea n t a sm all shi e ld b uc k l er ; t h e p re sen t ,

sen s e o f t h e w o r d a m ar k t o fi r e a t is f ro m t h e r ese m b l a n c e o f
, ,

such a m a r k t o a shi e ld .

l 8 p omm el p r o j ec t i n g rim in fro n t o f a saddle

. .
, .

l 9 in th at mann er over c o m p l et e d h is c o ur se o r car eer

. .
,

do w n t h e who l e l en g th o f t h e li st s c arry in g h is a dversary in ,

t r ium ph o n h is h o rse ri d an o l d p r et er i t e o f t o r ide , .

11 10 1 wit h an air
.
, . en emy sh o win g by h is m an n er tha t h e ,

did t his n o t in o r der to ho ld up h is a dversary t o r idicul e but to ,

c arry o ut t h e r ul es prescr ib e d fo r t o urn am en t s

“
.

qu een o f b eau t y
”
.1 13 a g all ery in which sat t h e
.
, who se ,

t ask i t w a s t o a war d t h e p r izes in a t o ur n am en t t o t h e vic t o r i o us

c o mb at an t : th eir mi st r ess sh e w h o w a s t h e o bj ec t o f l o ve t o ,

b o t h o f t hem sh e wh o m ea ch wi sh ed t o w in as h is br ide .

1 14 5 l et h im d own
1 .
, . in s ol en c e in h el p in g h is a dversar y to ,

a ligh t o n t h e gr o un d fr o m h is un c o m fo r t ab l e p o s i t i o n h e sh o w e d ,

a p ra i s ew o r th y c o u r t esy t o h is v a n q ui she d f o e an d at t h e sam e ,

t im e an a ir o f t r ium p h such as m ight b e excu se d in o n e w h o h a d

p er fo rm e d so r em ark a b l e a n exp l o i t .

.1 16 t h e c o ff ee h o u se M an n s Til t y ard C o ffee ho u se st ill

.
-
,
’
- -
,

sta n di n g ear l y in t h e p r e s en t c e n t u ry T h e c o ffee h o uses o f t ho se .

days wer e t h e for erun n er s o f t h e m o dern club s

1 18 You ar e t o k n ow as w e n o w say “
.

. .
y o u m u st k n o w t e
, , , . .

I w i sh y ou t o k n o w .

1 18 9 a mili tary g eni u s o n e sk ill e d in all t h e a r t s o f w ar

1 .
, .
,

a n d w ar l ik e ex er ci ses .

20 th e b a ss Vi ol a fashi o n a b l e m u sic a l in s t r um en t a l so
.
-
, ,

c all ed t h e viol d e ga mbo g a m bo b ein g t h e Ita lian fo r leg an d t h e

- -
, ,

i n strum en t when p l ay e d up on b ein g held b etween t h e l egs .

.1 21 b ask et hil t swor d a

.
-
b a s k et hil t w a s o n e m a de o f ,
-

n ar ro w
p l a t es o f st ee l cu r v ed i n t o t h e sha pe o f a b ask e t a n d ser v ,

in g a s a p r o t e c t i o n t o t h e han d T h e fo r m is t h a t in u se in t h e .

s w o r d s o f t h e p r es en t da y a n d m a d e o f wic k er in t h e fo il s u se d , , ,

in sin gl e s t ic k T h e o lder fo r m o f hil t w as t ha t o f a b ar o f st ee l

-
.

at r ig ht an g l es t o t h e b l a d e b u t wh en t h e t h r u s t as o p p o se d t o , ,

t h e cu t c am e m o re in t o u s e t h a t for m afl o r de d n o p r o t ec t i o n
'

.
, ,
13 8 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

1 12. . sl ash es , o r n a m en tal o p en n i gs in p ar t s of th e dr ess in

or d er t o S ho w so m e o ther m at er i a l u n d er n ea t h .

ll 21 2 h e woul d S ign on h e wo uld n o t b e at t h e t r o ubl e o f

.
, .
,

ta k in g o ff h is gl o ve s ev en when ab o u t t o s ign so i mp o r t an t a
do cum en t as o n e which c o n vey ed ha lf h is estat e fro m h is
p o ss essi o n .

ll 26, 7 . . b y al l h an ds, o n e very sid e by e v ery on e w h o k n ew

h 1m
.

1 31. . ak i n , o f k in , l t d by b l o o d
re a e .

1 3 1, 2 S ir A n dr ew Fr eep or t,
1 . . se e p 7,. l . 28 .

3 4, 5 . m ad e ou t , es ab t lished , p r o ve d .

ll . 3 5, 6 . We win k ed t i me p o o r l y t i me , t h e est at e b e i n g at th e
o ff w e a cc e t e d t h e
, p g if t t ho u gh sec r e t l y a sha m e d t o a c k n o w ,

l edge S o hum bl e a p er so n a s a m em b er o f t h e fam ily .

P 2 5 l 8 un don e r uin ed : it t h e a c t O f br eak in g h is wo rd

.
,
. .
, ,
.

1 10 a s k n ig h t o f th i s sh ir e m em b er o f t h e H o u se o f C o m m o n s
. .
,

f o r t h e c o u n ty .

1 13 offi ces du t i es
. .
, .

1 22 such
. . a c er t a i n fix e d a m o un t o f m o n ey t o be
sp en t u p o n hi m self .

1 3 4 th e b attl e of W or c est er ; th ere we r e t w o b a tt l es o f thi s

. .

n am e tha t o f S ep t em b er 23 r d 1642 in which Pr i n c e R up er t

, , ,

w as vic t o r i o u s o ver t h e Pa r li a m en t ar i a n s ; t h e o t h er an d m o re ,

fa m o u s o n e o n S ept em b er 3 r d 165 1 wh en C r o m well fin a lly

, , ,

defea ted Cha r l es II T h e l att er is m ea n t her e . .

1 3 5 wh im fan ciful n o t io n
. .
,
.

ON GH OSTS A N D A PPA RI T IO NS . No . 110 .

P 2 6 l 8 ar e sh o t up Here ar e e xp r es ses th e p r esen t sta t e

.
,
. . .
,

wh ereas h a ve wo uld e xpr ess th e a c t ivi ty n e c es sary to c au se t h e

p r esen t st a t e .

1 9 r oc k s an d c r ew s b o t h b ir d s o f th e gen u s C or vus t h e
. .
, ,

fo rm er t h e cor vu s f r ugilegus t h e l a tt er t h e c or vus c or o n e tho ugh , ,

t h e t w o n am e s are use d i n di s c r i m i n a t el y in va r i o u s p ar t s o f
E n g l an d .

1 10 c awing u tter i n g t h e c ry p e culi ar t o the se b ir d s an

. .
, ,

i m i t at ive wo r d t o r ep r esen t t h e so un d
“
.

11 14 5 f eed eth
. h i m ,
f r o m Ps
. a lm s c x l vn 9 H e giveth , , .
,

t o t h e b eas t h is fo o d a n d t o t h e y o un g r a ven s t h at c r y
”
o r in t h e ,

P r ayer b o o k v ers i o n W h o g ivet h fo dder un to th e c att le : an d

-
,

feedeth t h e y o un g r a ven s tha t c a ll up on h im .

”

1 15 th i s r etir ement thi s r etired sp o t

. . , .
242 8 ] ON GHOSTS AND APPA R I T I ONS .

1 19. . th e b utl er , see E ssay N o . 10 6, p 11, . l . 27 .

l . 29 . m o st p r o p er ,
thoro ughl y well s ui t ed .

P 2 7 ll 1 2 el der b u sh es t h e S a mbucus n igr a a shr ub which

.
, .
, .
, ,

in o ld days h a d a n evil r ep ut at i o n b o th fr o m b e li ef t h a t i t w as
t h e t r ee o n which J uda s ha n ge d him s e lf aft er b et ra y i n g Ch1i st ,

an d a l so fr o m t h e r a n k s m e ll o f it s l e av e s a n d t h e h e av
y n ar ,

c o t ic sm e ll o f it s flo wer s
, .

1 2 th e h arb o ur s
. . b ir d s which g ive sh e l t er t o va r i o u s ,

so li t ar y b i r d s s uch as t h e o w l t h e r av en et c , , , .

11 13 4 p ou rs
. i t a dd s t o it s n a t ura l gl o o m i n ess t h e
, .
,

t er ro r s tha t b elo n g to dar k n ess .

1 16 L ock e J o hn th e c el ebra t ed p hil o so p h er 163 2 17 0 4

. .
, , ,
-
,

au th o r o f an E s sa y C o n c er n in g H u m a n U n d er sta n d in g T r ea tise ,

on E d uca tio n , Tr ea tise on C ivil Go ver nm ent, etc .

, et c .

1 2 1 g ob l in s a k i n d o f m i s chi evo u s sp r i t e
. .
,
ul t i m a t el y t h ro ugh
t h e La t in an d t h e F r en ch fr o m Gk K é fiuh o s, . an i m p ud en t r o gu e ,

a m i s chi evo u s s p r i t e i n v o k e d b
y r o gu e s .

l . in cul ca t e , li t er a ll y , t o t r ea d in ,
23 . an d so to en or e f c by
rep ea t e d t ell in g , o r b y a d m o n i t i o n s .

l . th ere in t h e child s m i n d
24 .
,
’
.

1 3 0 c on sp ir ed u n i te d in p r o duci n g an e ff e c t : o ccasion s o f
. .
,

t error ci r cum st an c es tha t o cc as io n e d c a used t err o r

, , ,
.

1 3 2 t o st ar tl e t o b e st ar tl e d al a rm ed ; t h e ver b is m o re
. .
, ,

c o m m o n l y u sed n o w in a t ran s i t ive sen se .

P . 4 b y th at mean s a s w e sh o uld n o w sa y o n t ha t
.
, ,

a cc o u n t .

11 7 8 t h er e w en t a st ory a s t o ry w as curren t
.
, .
, .

1 15 exo r ci sed p u r ifi e d o f evil sp i r i t s ; t h e wo r d li t era ll y

. .
,

m ea n s t o dr ive a w a y b y a dj u ra t i o n a n d is m o re c o m m o n ly u se d ,

o f t h e evil sp ir i ts t h em s e lv es t h a n o f th e i r ab o d e .

l 16 l ay sl e pt fo r a n i gh t o r t w o
. .
, .

1 19 I sh oul d n o t
. .
p arti cul ar I sh o uld n o t h a ve d w e l t in ,

s uch d e t a il .

1 27 g ive
. . s u rr en d er a n y d o u b t s I m i gh t
have t o t h e b elief t o which m an k in d in gen era l b ea r s wi tn ess .

1 3 2 L ucr etiu s Ti t u s C a ru s t h e c e l eb ra t e d p hil o so p hic R o m an

. .
, ,

p o et B C 9 5 52 a u th o r o f t h e D e R er u m N a tur a a p o em in s ix
-
. .
, , ,

bo o k s Thi s w o r k w a s a n a tt em p t t o s t at e a n d d eve l o p cl ear l y

.

t h e l ea di n g r i n ci p l e s o f t h e E p icu rea n p hil o so p h y a n d t o sh o w

p ,

tha t t he re i s n o thi n g in t h e hi sto ry o r a c tu a l c o n di t i o n o f t h e

w o rld which do es n o t a dm i t o f e xp l an at i o n wi th o ut h a vin g
r e c o u r se t o t h e a c t iv e i n t erp o si t i o n o f divin e b ei n g s Thi s th eo ry .

l ed h im furt h er t o m a i n t a i n as Ad di so n sa ys tha t t h e so ul did , ,

l 40 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

not e xi st sep arat e fro m t h e bo dy T h e p assage here referre d . to

is t o b e fo un d in b k iv 29 e tc . .
, .

P 2 9 ll 1 2 t h e m at t er o f fact t ha t which h e a dm i tt e d
.
, .
, .
, to
b e som et hin g b ey o n d do ub t .

S IR R O GE R AT C H U RCH . No . 112 .

P 29 l.
, . 17 . a co un try S un d ay , a Sun da y sp en t in t h e co un try
vill age .

1 18 t h e s event h day
. . Th e J ewi sh S ab b a t h w a s t h e . se ven th
da y o f t h e w e ek , b u t wi t h u s Sun da y is t h e fir s t day .

1
1 18 , 9 o nl y
. i n s ti t u t i o n . . Fo r t h e divin e i n s t it ut i o n of th e
S abbat h, see E x o dus, xx 8 11 .
-
.

1 14 wi th
. . th eir
ces in t h ei r m o st ch eerful m o o d b est fa , .

ll 27 8 cl ear s away w eek br u sh es o ff th a t c o a t in g o f selfi sh

.
, .
,

n es s a n d r o u hn ess o f m a n n er wh ich w o r ldl

g y c a res an d ha r d
l ab o ur thr o w o ver t h o se in wh o se lives th er e is so l i tt le diversi on
o r a m u sem en t .

1 1 28 3 0 n ot n o t o n l y by b r i h t en i n g in th e i r
g
-
. .

m i n d s t h e ir n o t i o n s o f r e li gi o n which h a d gr o w n dim in t h e
i n t er val b ut b y st im ul at in g bo th th e sexes t o S ho w t h em sel ves
,

a t t he i r b est .

1 3 l P 3 0 l 1 t o g ive t h em
.
-
.
,
t o m a k e t h em ap pear
. .

to t h e b es t a dvan t a ge in t h e e y e s o f t h e ir fello w vill ager s -

.

1 1 1 3 A c o un try f ell o w
.
- . Ch ang e t h e chu r chy ar d o n s uch
-
,

o cc asi o n s is t o t h e vill a g er j u s t a s g o o d a t h eat r e f o r t h e di sp l ay

o f h is a cu te n ess as t h e e xcha n ge is t o t h e s t o c k b ro k er o r t h e
m er c h a n t sp e cul a t in g in t h e fun ds o r in m er chan di se Fo r t h e .

R o y al E xchan ge s ee n o t e o n p 3 l 25 T h e w o r d Chan ge
say s M urr ay E n g D ic t h as “ s in c e 1
,
,

80 0 b een err o n eo u sly

. .
,
.
, . .
,

t r ea t ed a s an abb r evi a t io n o f E xcha n g e a n d w r i tt en C h a n ge ,

’
.

W e n o w say u p o n C han ge n o t up o n th e Chan ge i e w e‘

,
’ ‘
,
’
. .

r e ar d t h e w o r d l ess a s t h e n am e o f a p l a c e t ha n as t h a t o f an
g
oc cu p a t i o n .

l 4 t h e b el l rin g s t o su m m o n t hem t o servic e

. .
.
, .

1 5 a g oo d ch ur ch m a n a st ea dy sup p o r ter o f al l chur ch

. .
,

i n t erest s a n u ph o ld er o f it s r igh t s a n d it s sa c red cu sto m s ; a

,

ch ur ch m an i n o l d da y s o ft en m ean t an e ccl es ia st ic
-
.

l 6 t ext s ch o sen fr o m t h e B ib l e an d p a in t ed abo u t th e wall s

. .

o f t h e chu r ch in illu m i n a t e d l ett er s .

1 7 a h a n d som e p ul p it cl oth
. . Thes e d eco ra t io n s o f t h e p ul p i t
-
.

have n o w go n e m uch o u t o f fashio n ; f o r o n e r ea so n t h a t t h e ,

p ul p i t is m o r e O ft en m a d e o f s to n e o r m arb l e i n st ea d o f wo o d , , ,

an d it s r ich c ar vi n g s w o uld b e hidd en by s uch cl o ths .

 142 N O TES .
[ P A G ES

1 12 t h e ch an c el , t h e
. . chu r ch ; so c all ed b ec au se eas t -
en d o f th e
i t w as fo r m er l y fen c ed O ff b y a s c reen wi th o p en in g s in i t fro m ,

L o w L a t c a n cellus a l a tt ic e d wi n d o w
. I n fo r m er d a y s th e p eo p l e ,
.

o f t h e hi g her r an k a m o n g t h e c o n g r egat i o n u su ally h a d t h e i r

p e w s o r t h ei r s ea t s in th e chan c el
, , .

.l 16 wh ich t hi s in qui ry aft er t h e ab sen tees

.
,
.

ll 18 9 a ca t ech isin g day a day wh en t h e children are pu t

.
, .
-
,

thro ugh t h e Chur ch c a te chi sm see n o t e o n 1 26 abo ve . .

1 22 a fi it c h a S id e o f a n a n i m a l esp eci ally a sha re o f a p ig

. .
, , .

Th e w ord li t era ll y m ea n s a sl ic e .

1 26 in cum b en t ho lde r o f t h e o ffic e (o f cl er k ) a t er m m o r e

. .
,

c o m m o nl y u sed o f t h e ho lder O f a chu r ch livin g a r e c to r o r , ,

vic ar fro m L at inc um bere t o r est up o n r em a in in .

, , .

.l 27 it so t h e o ffic e o f cl erk This o ffic e t h e dut i es o f

, . .

which w er e t o l ea d t h e r e sp o n ses t o say am en a t t h e en d o f

‘
,

e a ch
p ra yer t o g ive o u t t h e hy m n s a n d g en era lly t o a tt en d u p o n
, ,

t h e m in i st er h as n o w b een we ll n i gh r efo r m ed o u t o f e xi st en c e
,
.

ll 28 9 T h e f air un der st an ding ch apl ai n th e fri en dl y t er m s

.
, .
,

o n which Sir R o ge r a n d h is c h a p l a in liv e a s t at e o f t h in gs du e ,

t o ea ch r e c o gn izin g t h e go o d p o in t s o f t h e o th er .

1 3 3 i s al w ay s s q u ir e is a lw a y s a tt a c k i n g t h e squi r e th e
’
. .
,

s qui r e is t h e chi ef l a n d e d p r o p r i et o r o f a vill a ge an d t h e w o r d i s ,

a d o ub l e t o f es q uir e li t er a ll y a shi e ld b earer then o n e en t i t l e d , ,

-
,

t o a c o a t o f ar m s .

.1 3 6 t ith e st eal er s d efr aud e r s in t h e am o u n t o f t ith es du e t o

.
-
,

t h e p ar so n t i thes a r e t h e t en t h p ar t o f t h e p ro duc e o f t h e l an d
as O ff ere d t o t h e cl er gy O r igin a lly t h e p aym en t w as m ade in .

k i n d b u t thi s h a s s i n c e b ee n c o m m u t ed f o r a p ay m en t in m o n ey
,

m a de a cc o r di n g t o a p er i o dic a l v a lu a t i o n o f t h e l a n d .

P 3 2 l 1 h i s or der se t h e p r iestl y o rder o r cl as s to which

.
, . .
, .

h e be l o n g s .

ll 2 3 h i s p atr on t h e sq uire w h o h as t h e g ivin g of th e l ivin g

.
, .
,
‘ '

o r ben efi c e h e ld b y t h e p arso n .

.l 5 th i s h al f y ear fo r th e l a st ha lf y ear i e fo r a l o n g whil e

.
, , . .

p a st t h e e x pr ess i o n b e i n g a n i n defi n i t e o n e .

1 6 men d h i s m ann er s s ho w m o re r esp e c t t o religi o n

.
-
.
,
.

1 1 6 7 p r ay I c on g r eg at ion p r a y fo r h im by n a m e in chu r ch
.
, . . .
,

as b e i n g an u n r ep en t a n t s i n n er .

l 9 are very f at al p eop l e have a v er y evil eff ec t up o n th e

. .
,

l ow er cl a sses .

1 12 t o reg ar d t o p ay h ee d t o
. .
,
.

1 1 14 5 o f fi ve h un dr ed a y ear in t h o se d a y s a v er y l arge
.
, .
,

in c o m e t h e p ur ch asin g p o wer o f m o n ey bein g so m uch g reat er

,

th an a t p r esen t .
3 1 HI S D I SAPPO I NTMENT I N LOV E .
143

HI S ACCOUNT OF HI S D I SAPPO I NTME NT IN LOV E .

No . 113 .

P .
3 2, l . 26 . se ttl ed u p on
R o ger did n o t m ean that an y . S ir
p ar t o f h is est a t e h a d b e en li t e r a ll y se tt l e d up o n th e wid o w b u t ,

that t h e idea o f h er w as so in sep ar ab l y asso ci a t e d wi th a c ert ain

av en u e th a t h e c o uld n o t s e e a s p r i g o f a n y b o u gh o f t h e wh o l e

w a l k wi t ho ut r efl e c t i n g up o n h e r sever i ty (Sa l mo n ) .

1 27 t h e p erver se wi d ow h as by so m e b een supp o sed t o b e a

. .

c er tain M r s B o v ey w h o di ed in 17 26 Ther e is a m o n u m en t to
. .

h er m e m o r y by Gi bb s t h e a r chi t e c t in t h e n ave o f W es t minst er , ,

Abb ey wi th says Har e an a sto n i shi n g ep i t aph

, ,
”
, .
”

P 3 3 l 2 b y th at c u st om o win g t o m y h a ving b een a ccu s

.
, . .
,

to m e d t o do so .

11 5 6 t o c ar ve h er name, a fr eq u en t
.
, . fan cy Of o l d wi th fo n d
l o vers ; c p A Y L iii 2 . . . . . .

l 7 t o a tt emp t as th at they att em p t

. .
, .

l27 sh eriff of t h e c o u nty , t h e o ffi c e o f sh er iff is a n exp en sive

. .

o n e , h e h a vi n g to g ive v ar i o u s s o ci a l en t e r t a i n m en t s , t o m a i n t ai n
a b o dy o f j av e li n m en (s u p p o s e d t o b e g u ar d s f o r t h e j u dge s wh e n
o n ci r cui t ) , t o p ro vid e c a rr i a g e s f o r t h e ju dg e s wh en g o in g in

p ro c e ssi o n , et c , e t c It is t h erefo r e i m p o sed o n l y o n w ea l thy

. .

m en , an d esp e ci all y o n l an d e d p r o p r i et o rs O f g o o d s t an din g li k e

Sir R o g er .

I 30. . my fig ur e
h eriff s un ifo r m , 3 0 . in h is s
’
.

ll 3 3 4 a t t h e h ead c ou n ty r idi n g in t h e j u dg e s p ro c essio n

.
, .
,
’

w h en en t e r i n g o r l eavi n g t h e c o u n t y a n d o n th e i r vi s i t s t o ,

di fferen t p ar t s o f i t at th e h ea d o f all t h e ch i ef m en o f t h a t ,

c o u n ty .

1 3 4 m u si c b an d s s uch as a cc o m p an y judge s o n cir cui t

. .
, .

1 3 5 w el l b it te d wi th b i t s in th e i r m o u ths tha t en abl e d t h e

. .
,

dr i ver t o c o n t r o l t h e m t o t h e b es t a d va n ta g e b y p ulli n g th em u p
s h a r p l y if n e c e ssa ry by c a u s in g th e m t o t o ss t h ei r h ea d s wi t h ,

i mp a t i en c e t hus sh owin g the i r m ett l e et c

, , .

P 3 4 ll 1 2 th e assi zes sess i o n s o f c o ur ts o f ju st ic e fro m

.
, .
, .
,

O F a ssis a n a ssem b l y o f j udges a p a st p ar t ici p l e O F a sseo ir

. .
, , , . .
,

to s it a t o r n ear .

14 .c omm an din g i m p er io u s l o o k in g
.
, .

1 5 wh o w as b orn
. . h er wh o s e b ea u t y a n d fas ci n at i o n s w er e ,

S O great a s t o d r iv e all w h o l o o k e d u p o n h er m a d wi t h l o ve .

s uc h un ea si n ess s uch a g r a c ef u l b ewi t chin g a ir o f , ,

n er v o u sn ess .

ll 8 9 r ec overed an oth er l o o k ed fi rs t t o w ar ds o n e p er so n
.
, .
,

an d th en a s h er n er v o u sn ess ab a t e d t o w ar ds a n o t h er
, , .
144 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

1 10
. . c un t ered a l o ok o f p en sive in t er est in
s om et h in g en o ,

t h e ey es o f a l l t o w ar d s wh o m s h e t ur n ed h er ga ze ; wi st f ul ,

ea rn est att en t iv e
eag er , p en sive is p r o ba b l y a c o r r up t i o n o f
, , ,

w ishf ul .

wi t h a mu rr ai n t o h er , p l agu e
up o n h er ! murr ain is
p r o p er ly a n i nf ec t i o u s di sease am o n g c a tt l e ; c p iii
88 “ T emp
A m ur r a in o n y o ur m o n st er an d t h e devil t ak e y o ur
, ,
. . .

fi n g er s !
ll 12 4 lik e a g r eat cal f lik e a gr ea t idi o t sudden ly sm i tt en
. .
,

b y a wo m a n s l o o k s
’
.

ll 16 7 was b ec om e wi do w h ad fallen head o ver ears in

.
, .
,

l o ve wi th t h e ha n dso m e wido w an d w as r ea dy to do h er b iddin g ,

in a n y m a tt er h o wev er e x t r av agan t .

.l 20 littl e b il l et s litt l e n o t es of p o i n t s which sh e wi sh ed h im

.
,

t o p r e ss b ill et is in i t se lf a dim in u t ive o f bill .

.I 2 1 a p r etty c on f u si on m uch t h e sa m e a s
. a p retty uh ,

eas in ess a b o ve an d in b o t h c as es p r o b ab l y h in t in g th a t t hi s
”
,

a p earan c e o f sen s i t iven ess w as p ut o n fo r t h e o cc as i o n

p .

.I 23 was p r ej udi c ed
. f avo ur h a d m a de u p it s m in d e ven , ,

befo r e t h e evid en c e h a d b een al l hear d a n d t h e c o u n se l o n b o t h

s ide s h ad s t a t ed t h ei r ar g um en t s t o g iv e a v er dic t f or h er , .

1 1 23 4 th e n ext
.
,
h u sb an d i e h er a dv er sary in t h e ca s e
.
, . . .

11 3 0 1 in du l g e th em sel ves
.
, . c on sequ en c es bu t do n o t a ll o w ,

th em selves t o b e d rawn i n to l o ve o r m arr iage .

ll 3 4 5 f ar g o n e fri en dsh ip on e w h o fin ds an e xcess ive p l ea

.
, .

s u r e in t h e m ak i n g o f fr i en d s ;
“ f ar go n e is g en era ll y u se d o f
,

e xc ess iv e in dul gen c e in so m e t h i n g fo o lis h a n d w r o n g .

P 35 .
, so by b e in g a l w a y s r ea dy t o .

rem i n d h er o f wha t s h e h as s a id ag ai n st t ha t p a ss i o n .

ll 5 6 t h e t am est count ry o f c o urse a ver y l eft han ded

.
, .
,
-

c om p lim en t .

8 wh o t h ou g h t me w h o in so d o i n g t h o ugh t h e w as
.

m ak in g m e t h e b u tt o f h is wi tty b an t er t h o ught h e w as t ak in g“ ” .
,

a r i s e o ut o f m e in t h e l an g ua g e o f sl a n g
’’
.
,

ll 9 10 n ew p aire d t o o k m uch t ro ub l e i n m a t chin g m y p a ir s

.
, .
-
,

o f c ar r i a g e ho r ses so t ha t th ey s ho uld b e e xa c t l y o f t h e sam e

,

he igh t c o lo ur et c, , .

1 10 t o b e b i tt ed t o b e m a d e a ccu sto m ed t o th e b it so a s to
. .
, ,

a n sw er i t r eadil y .

l 11 t o th r ow well t o m o ve wi th a go o d a c t i on
. .
,
.

1 16 an d y et c omm an d r esp ect an d y et t o k eep y o u in suffi

. .
,

c i en t aw e t o p r ev en t y o u r g ivi n g w ay t o a p ass i o n a t e d ecl ara t i o n

of
y o ur l o ve .
146 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

1
1 21, 2 . . an d t h at
if i t wer e at all p o ss ib l e to t a lk to h er , an d
h er i e if ever y o n e w h o a tt em p t ed i t did n o t fi n d hi m se lf dr i ven
, . .

t o s il en c e b y h e r su p er i o r wi t a n d wi s do m
“
.

1 28 t uck er
. S alm on qu o t es T h e Gua r dia n N o 100 : Ther e
. .
, .

is a c ert a in f em al e o r n a m en t by so m e c a ll e d a tu c ker a n d by , ,

o th ers a n ec k p iec e b ei n g a s lip o f fi n e l in en o r m u sli n t ha t u s e d ,

t o r un in a s m all k in d o f r ufli e r o un d t h e upp er m o s t v erg e o f t h e

wo m en s sta y s an d by th a t m ea n s c o vered a grea t par t o f t h e
’
,

s ho u ld er s an d b o so m A t p r esen t t h e wo r d is u s ed o n l y o r .
”
,

chiefly f o r a p ie c e o f li n en p u t un der a child s chin wh en ea t in g

,
’

t o p rev en t it s cl o th es b e i n g s o il e d an d espe ci a ll y in t h e p hras e

b ib an d t uck er .

l 3 2 at a p ub li c tab l e wha t in t ho se d ays w as c all ed an

. .
,

o r di n ar a p u b lic di n n er wh er e ea ch p er so n p a id h is sh a r e
‘ ’
y ,
.

Th ese w er e very fashi o n ab l e reso r t s in t h e t im es o f J am es I an d .

sub sequ en t r ei gn s .

l 3 3 t an sy a favo u r it e dish in t h e seven teen th c en t ury t h e

. .
, ,

chief i n gr edi en ts O f which wer e eggs c r eam h erb s an d sp ic es , , ,

t h e wo r d is al so t h e n a m e o f a n aro m a t ic p l an t u se d in c o o k e ry
a n d m e dici n e a n d c o m es ul t i m a t e l y fr o m Gk , dfla va cr fa im .
,

m o r t ali ty T h e fa c t o f t h e wi do w s p ub licl y h el p i n g S ir R o ger

’
.

to so m e o f t hi s di sh w as a m ar k o f fa vo ur which h e r em e m b er s
a n d r e c or d s wi th
p r ide .

P 3 7 l 2 g r ow ir r eg ul ar l o se m y self wan der Ou t o f all r ul e

.
, . .
, , ,

all m o dera t i o n .

l 3 un con c ern ed u n m o v ed
. .
,
.

ll 7 8 t h at w e mi g h t com p an y so by m eet ing who m h e

.
, .
, .

wo uld b e di ver ted fro m t h e subj e c t o f th e wido w .

l 12 M art ial M V a l er ius a La t in p o et b o r n at B ilb il is in

. .
, .
, ,

S p a in A D 43 die d a b ou t A D 10 4 c el eb ra t ed f or h is Ep igram s
, . .
,
. . .

l 13 dum ta c et h an c l o q uitu r even wh en S il en t t a l k s o f h er

. .
, ,

i e sh o w s b y h is b eh a vi o ur t ha t h e is ever t hin k i n g o f h er
. . .

ON T HE SH AM E A ND FEA R OF P O V E RTY . NO . 114 .

P 38 l .
, . 1 . a p r et en ding b eh avi o ur , th e a pp eara n c e wi thou t
reali ty .

I 5 . . tak en w in e w as drun k
th e g l ass wa s , .

I 9 warm exci t e d wi th t h e win e h e h a d d r un k

. .
, .

l 10 f uddl ed stup efi ed wi th win e ; o b so l et e exc ep t as a

. .
,

c o ll o qui ali sm .

l 11 h um our fram e o f m in d
. .
,
.

1 17 i s di pp ed b ur den e d b y m o r tgage s in vo lve d in d eb t : i s

. .
, ,
3 63 9 ] O N SHAME AND FEAR OF P O V ERTY .
147

ea ting us r y , u is in t h e p r o c e ss o f b e i n g c o n sum ed b y t h e hea vy

in t er est to b e p a i d u p o n bo r r o we d m o n ey .

1
1 18 , 9 . His p r ou d st om a c h , h is p r id e ; st o m a ch w a s o f O ld
.

u sed fo r dispo si t i o n , in clin a t i o n , an d al so f o r p r ide, a rr ogan ce,

an ger , c o u r age , e t c .

1 19 a t t h e c ost
. ni g h t s , t ho u gh t h e c o n sequ en c e o f i t is that
.

h e c an n o t sl eep a t n i gh t .

1 2 1 th i s
. cank er thi s b o rr o wi n g which ea t s i n t o h is fo r tu n e
.
,

as t h e c an k e r wo r m e a t s in t o t h e b l o sso m s o f fl o w ers
-
cank er is
a d o ub l e t o f c a n c er .

11 2 1 2 rath er
. said ra t h er th an a ll o w i t t o b e sa id
, . as i t , ,

wo uld b e sa id if h e so ld p a rt Of h is p r o p er ty .

11 25 6 served
. unn at ur al se t u p o n th e t ab le in a ver y
, .
,

di ffer en t w a y fro m wha t w o uld b e t h e c ase if such p l en ty

wer e t h e o r din a ry c o ur se in t h e h o u se .

1 1 26 7 th e m a s t er s h om e t h e m a st er d o es n o t giv e th a t
’
.
.
, ,

att en t i o n t o t h e o r d e r i n g o f h is t a b l e th a t h e w o uld d o if h is
m i n d w er e n o t en gag e d u p o n o t h er m a tt e rs so h is deb t s an d , .

difficul t i es .

1 1 28 9 b ut a c over ed in di g en c e a n i n dig en c e whic h i t is

.
, .
,

so u gh t t o v eil b y a n a pp eara n c e O f p r o fu s i o n .

l 3 0 att en ds t h e t ab l e b el o n g s t o is t h e u su al acc o m p an im en t
. .
, ,

o f di n n er s et c
, giv en b y o n e e t c , .
, , .

1 1 3 0 1 li ves wi th in c om p a ss d o es n o t e xc ee d h is i n c o m e
.
, .
, .

1 3 1 li b er tin e w ay c a r el ess f r ee d o m o f b eh avio u r th e wo r d

. .
, ,

sa y s T r en ch w a s ap p li e d a t fi r s t t o c e rt a i n h er et ic a l s e c t s a n d
, ,

in t e n de d t o m ar k t h e lic en t i o u s liber ty o f t h ei r c ree d ; fro m ”

L a t liber tin u s o f o r b el o n g i n g t o a fr e e d m an a n e n fr a n chi se d

.
, ,

sl a v e .

1 3 6 a n ext en t o f c oun try a wid e ar ea o f c o u n t ry

. .
, .

P 3 9 l 1 p er son at e b ehave as t ho u gh h e p o ssessed

.
, . .
, .

l 2 o f all o th er s fo r t hi s Greek c o n s t r uc t i o n s ee A bbo tt

. .
, , ,

40 9 o n t h e c o n f us i o n o f t w o c o n st r uc t i o n s in s up er l a t iv es ; h er e
,

t h e c o n fu s io n is b e tw e en th e m o st u n p a r do n a b l e v a n i t y o f all ”
,

a m o r e u n p ar do n ab l e v a n i t y th a n a ll o t h er s
”
an d .

1 6 sof t l en i en t
. .
, .

l 11 L aer t es in Gr ecian hi sto r y w as k in g o f Itha ca whil e

. .
, , ,

I ru s w h o se r e a l n am e w a s A rn ae us w as a b egg ar o f t h e sam e
, ,

c o un t ry H er e t h e t w o n am es ar e u sed fo r t h e r i c h m a n an d t h e
.

c o m p ar at ivel y p o o r m an
“
.

1 14 h e woul d save
. .
p oun d t h e L a n d T ax If Laer tes , .

s o l d s ix t h o u sa n d p o u n d s w o r th o f h is l a n d h e c o uld p a y o ff h is
’

d eb t an d t h e t ax o n th e u n p ro fi t a b l e p a r t o f h is esta t e wo uld
,

fal l o n t h e p u r ch a ser (S a l m o n ) .
148 NOTES .
[PA G ES

1 16
. . easier , m o re c o m f o r t ab l e .

1 17
. . a ver hear d of t ill th e o ther
f ell ow of y est er day , one ne

day a fell o w wi t h n o an c est r y t o b o ast o f

, .

l 22 of so n ear affini ty so clo sely sim il ar in charac t er

. .
, .

1 28
. . a pp ear , s o . in p ubl ic .

1 29
. . a t t en d h i s l ab o ur ers , in or der to see that they do the ir
wo r k .

13 5
. . s o t ck j obb ing
-
,
sp e cul at in g in shar es in th e s o t ck -
m ark et ,
th eExcha n ge .

P 40 l 3 t o c omm an d
.
,
. .
,
to en s ure .

I 4
. . or d er , ran k .

1 8
. . o ut o f nat ur e ,
ou t of th e re
gul ar or der of na t ur e , con
tr ar y t o t ure na .

1 10 C owl ey Ab r aham 16 18 1667 h is b es t k n o wn w o r k s ar e

. .
, ,
-

a c o ll e c t i o n o f p o e m s c a ll e d Th e M istr ess an d h is E ssa ys , .

l 12 con si der ab l e m en m en o f m ar k an d r ep ut a t io n
. .
, .

ll 13 4 th e el ega nt work s B i sho p S p ra t in 168 8

.
,
.
, , .

l 16 ami abl e l o vab l e in th e o p in i o n o f th o se w h o r e ad t hi s

. .
,

a cc o u n t o f h is ch ar a c t er .

1 17 b ear s
. .
p overt y is l o o k e d u p o n a s p o ver ty , .

ll 17 8 wi t h M r C owl ey s gr eat vu l g ar wi t h tho se vulgar

.
,
. .
’
,

m i n d ed r ich m en d esc r i b e d by C o wl ey ; g r eat vu l g ar a n ,

e x p r ess io n u se d in h is p ar ap hr a s e o f H o r Od es iii 2 .
, . .

l 25 p oin t t o h imsel f l ay do w n fo r hi m s elf fix fo r him s elf

. .
, , .

1 26 t o exc eed so in a c qui r in g f o r h is o wn u se

. .
,
. .

1 1 26 7 He mi g h t
.
,
e xp ect ati on in thi s w a y h e m i gh t p er
.
,

su a de hi m s e lf t o b e o f a c o n t en t ed m in d ev en if h e n ev er su c
c e eded in a c qui r i n g t h e a m o un t which h e h a d fi x ed as h is li m i t

f or p erso n a l e n j o y m en t .

ll 3 0 l r estl ess m en m en n ever sa t i sfi ed wi th wha t they h a d

.
, .
,

a c q ui r ed bu t im p a t i e n t t o a dd t o th e i r s to re
,
.

1 3 2 thi s wo ul d
. . c om p ass t o do so w o uld b e t o b e guided by ,

r igh t r e a so n n o t to h e at ab o u t a i m l ess l y lik e a v esse l wi t h o u t a

,

co m p ass .

ll 3 5 6 a m ech ani c b eing t h e e xis t en c e of a so ull ess m in d

.
, .
, ,

l e s s c r ea t u r e
, .

P 41 1 I a c q uire d as o pp o se d t o n at ura l in b o r n
.
, . .
, ,
.

ll 4 5 so ab stra ct ed wo rl d so fa r r em o ve d in it s d es ir es
.
,
.
,

fro m tho se thin gs t hat m an k in d gen era lly h as a n app et i t e fo r .

.l 8 m an si o n s ab o des ; a m a n s i o n in it s o r din ary m o dern

.
,
‘ ’

sen se m ean s a l ar g e a n d i m p o s i ng h o u se b ut t h e o r i in a l sen s e is

g ,
15 0 NO TE S .
[ P AG ES

1 6 l ef t , gav e up
. . .

1 7 sit s her e a te chn ic a l t erm u sed o f a h ar e wh en c o uchin g

in h er “
. .
,

fo rm o r seat c p S om er vill e T h e C h a se 1 25 so
”
.
, , .
,

t h e wi se h ares O ft qui t t h e i r S ea t s l e st s o m e m or e cu r i o u s ey es ,

Sho uld m ar k t he ir h a un t s .
”

l 12 a cc omm o dat e d sui t e d

. .
, .

S y d enh am Th o m as 1624 1689 a c e l eb r a t e d phy s ici an , ,

-
,

a n d f ell o w o f All S o ul s C o ll e e O xfo r d

’

g , .

1 17 M edicin a Gymn ast i ca t h e m edicin e o f hea l thy ex er ci se

. .
, .

1 19 a d u m b b el l a h ea v y w eigh t u sed fo r e x er ci s i n g t h e
. .
,

m u s cl e s so c all ed b e c au s e t h e tw o sp h er ic a l en ds r esem b l e t h e
,

cl app er o f a b ell .

l 24 wh il st I a m r ing ing whil e I am g o in g thr ough m y b ell

. .
,

ex er ci se .

1 3 3 b o xing fi gh t in g wi th t h e fi st s a bo x in thi s sen se is a

. .
, .

bl o w fr o m Da n ba sk a sl a p
,
.
, .

ll 3 5 6 ab ou t n oth in g a b o ut t h e m o st t r ivia l subj e c t s

.
, .
, .

1 3 6 th i s m eth od
. . sh a d ow s which h e i m p li es t h ey are d o i n g ,

in an o th er sen se in th ei r c o n t r o v er s i es .

P 45 l 2 un easy t ro ub l eso m e
.
, . .
,

1 3 a c om p oun d
. . b o dy o p 11 H I V i 2 8 t h e br a i n o f , . . . . . .
,

thi s fo o l i sh c o mp o unded clay m an , .

A HUNT I N G SCENE W I TH SI R RO GER . NO . 116 .

P 45 l 17 th e Ba stil e o r i gin a ll y a c as t l e in Par i s b u il t b y

.
, . .
, ,
‘

Char l es I V Ki n g o f Fran c e in 13 69 f o r t h e defen c e o f t h e

.
, , ,

c ap i ta l again st t h e E n glish ; aft erwa r ds u sed as a st at e p r i so n .

It w a s destro y ed in J uly 17 8 9 b y t h e r evo lut io n ary m o b , , .

l 20 fig ur es so g eo m e t ric a l
. .
, . .

P 46 1 1 c ovey s b ro o ds fa m ili es s o m et i m es u sed o f gr o u se

.
, . .
, , ,

p t ar m i ga n et c a s w ell a s o f p ar tr i d es an d n o t un c o m mo n l y in
Fr o m L c uba r e g
.
, , ,

a fi gu r a t iv e sen se t c ova r e Fr c ouver t o sit . .

, .
, .
, ,

in cuba t e h at ch , .
,

1 3 h a ir i e h o r se hai r
. .
, . .
-
.

l 6 ver min tho ugh m o r e c o m m o n l y u sed o f sm all o b n o xi o us

. .
,

in se c t s an d an im al s such as fl ea s lic e rat s m ice is a l so app li ed , , , , ,

t o fo x es b adger s w e as el s e t c ; ul t i m a t e l y fr o m L at ver mis a

, , , . .
,

w o rm .

l . 14 ma n ag ed ,
. t ra in ed b ro k en .
,
in .

1
1 15 , 6 . . sto n e h or se st a lli o n -
, .
44 A HU NT I NG SC E N E W I TH S I R R O GER .
15 1

l . 16 . hi m self by a ligh t in g when jum p

st a k e d hi msel f , k ill e d ,

in g up o n a sharp p o i n t ed st a k e su ch a s are o ft e n u se d in f en c es
,
-
,
.

ll 18 9 t o k eep a ction a s a m ean s o f e x er ci se

.
, .
, .

1 19 b ea g l es a s m a ll var i e ty o f h o u n d tr a c k i n g b y s c en t
. .
, , ,

fo rm er ly u sed in hu n t in g ha re s b u t n o w sup ersed ed by t h e ,

harr i er which so m et i m es t ak es th e n am e o f b e agl e

, .

l 20 sto p h oun ds S a l m on q uo tes W ill s

. .
-
W e in fer fro m ,

B la i n e s R u ral S p o r t s t h a t wh en o n e o f th ese h o u n d s f o un d t h e
’

s c e n t h e gav e n o t ic e o f h is go o d fo r t u n e b y d e li b era t e l y s qu a tt i n g
,

t o i m p ar t m o re e ff e c t t o h is d eep t o n es a n d t o get wi n d f o r a ,

fr esh s t ar t wan t la c k .
”
, .

ll 21 2 deep n ess o f th eir m outh s dep th an d vo lum e o f v o ice

. .
,

when givin g to n gu e in hun t i n g ; fo r m ou th s in t hi s sen se , ,

cp . H V ii 4 7 0 . f o r c o war d d o gs M o s t sp en d t h e i r m o u th s
. . .
,

when what t hey seem to t hreat en Ru n s fa r b efo r e th em .

”

1 23 c ry p a c k ; so in t h e q u o ta t i o n fro m M N D a litt l e
. .
, . . .

b el o w .

1 1 23 4 m ak es
.
, c on c ert r esul t s in a c o m p l et e har m o n y o f
.
,

t h e v ar i o u s n o t es .

1 24 ni c e p ar t icul ar fast idio u s

. .
, , .

l 29 b ass th e d eep est m a l e vo ic e o r l o west t o n es o f a m u sic a l

. .
, ,

in st r u m en t which so un d thi s p ar t ; th en a m an w h o p o ssesse s

,

suc h a v o ic e : a c o u n t er t en or o r a l to a
p ar t hi gh er in p i t ch
-
, ,

than t h e t en o r s un g by a hi gh m al e v o ic e ; th en a m an w h o ,

p o ssess e s s uch a v o ic e T h e hu m o u r o f t h e p a ssa g e c o n si st s in .

t h e a pp lic a t i o n t o ho un ds o f t er m s u su a ll y app li e d t o m en .

1 3 4 t h e S p art an k in d t h e S p a rt an b r eed o f h o u n d s w as f ro m
. .
,

ea r l y day s a v er y fa m o u s o n e .

1 3 5 so fl u d wi t h fl e w s li k e th o se o f t h e S p ar tan b r eed ;
’
. .
,

fl ow s ar e t h e large dep en den t cha p s Of a h o un d : s o san d ed , ,

o f t h e sa m e san dy c o l o u r a c o l o u r which say s S t ee ven s is o n e , , ,

o f t h e t ru e d en o t e m en t s o f a b l o o dh o u n d
”
.

l 3 6 With ear s d ew i e so l o n g tha t th ey al m o st to uch t h e

. .
, . .

gr o u n d .

P 47 l l d ew l ap d wi th dew l ap s a s b r o a d a s tho se e t c
.
, . .
-
’
,
-
, .

t h e dew la p is t h e l o o se fl e sh h a n g in g fr o m t h e t hr o at s o f c a tt l e
-
,

a n d is s o c a ll e d fr o m it s l app i n g u p t h e d ew a s th ey g ra z e .

l 2
. . in fo r m e r d a ys t h e g r ea t est a tt en t i o n
w a s p a id t o t h e m u s ic a l q u a li t y o f t h e c ry o f a p a c k o f h o u n d s ,

a n d sw e et n ess o f c r y l o udn ess o f c r y a n d d ep t h o f c ry w e re , ,

o b t a in ed by fr e qu en t c r o ss in g o f b r e ed s .

1 3 Eac h un d er each ea ch s ub o rdin at e t o t h e o the r in a

. .
,

reg ul ar m u s ic a l s c a l e .
15 2 NO TE S .
[ PA G ES

1
13 .
, 4 A . cr y to, a m o re t un eful c ry w as n ever an s wered by
hun tsm an c uragin g h o un ds en o .

l 6 out so hun t in g
. .
, . .

l 7 p ad p a d ho r se ro adst er h o rse fo r r idin g o n ro a ds ;

. .
,
-
, ,

fro m Du p a d a p ath .
, .

1 10 b en evo l en c e go o d will t h e or igin al sen se o f t h e w o r d

. .
,
-

n o w m o r e c o m m o n l y u sed o f a c t s o r b eha vi o u r p r a c t ic a lly ex

h ib it in g tha t fee li n g .

l 16 t o b eat so fo r th e qu arry
. .
,
. .

l 24 p u ss th e hu n t er s t erm f o r a ha re in o rdin ar y l a ngu a ge

’
. .
,

a cat
“l id th “i
.

1 26 p ut th em
. s c ent ,
. a em o n (o r fo rm erl y , n

in hu n t in g t er ms i 6 sho we d t hem t h e li n e t a k en by t h e , . . har e ,

f o r th e m t o fo ll o w by sc en t .

I 3 0 St ol e away, t h e hun t sm an s c ry wh en t h e fo x h are

’
. . or
br eak s c o ver o n s eein g t h a t t h e ho u n d s ha ve viewed h im or h er,
as a h are is u s u a ll y s ty l e d .

l l 3 4, 5 imm edi at el y
. .
p ut m o re t h an a m il e b etw een h er ,

hi m self a n d t h e ho un ds, h avin g go t away wi th o u t b ein g s een .

P 48 , ll 6, 7 unravelli n g
. . fo ll owin g b y s c en t t h e
.

who l e lin e sh e h a d t ak en in all h er twi st s an d t urn s : h er

d oub l es , h er d o ub lin g b a ck u p o n t h e lin e sh e h a d fi r s t t ak en
C p S o m er ill e , T h e C h ase, 17 25,
.
v
Th e p uzzlin g p a c k unr a vel “ .

wil e by wil e , M a ze wi thin m aze an d again , with st ep r ever s d ’

Sh e fo rm s t h e do u blin g m az e , tho u gh in t h e l a tter c ase s h e is

”

a tt em p t i n g t o b li n d t h e s c en t wh en re t i rin g t o h er
”
on l form ,
or y
ed .

1 11. . at a fa l t , u u n ab l e t o p ick up t h e sc en t .

1 12 gave t o n gu e t o sho w tha t h e h a d hi t

”
. . o p en ed , , o ff th e
c t
s en .

I . 13 . cry , p a ck cha se n o t as ab o ve , 1 23 . : raw , n ew t o th e ,

tho r o ughl y t ra in e d wh o w as li ar h ad b een r ep ea tedly k n o wn ,

t o h a ve fa l s el y p re t en d e d t h a t h e h a d p ic k e d u p th e s c en t .

I 16 s q uat ted sat d o wn t ry in g t o hid e h erse lf ; a hu n t i ng

. .
,

t er m in r egar d t o a har e .

1 17 p ut up ag ai n ro u se d fr o m h er hidin g p l a c e
. .
, .

1 26 t ook a l arg e fi el d en d eavo u r ed t o m a k e h er w ay o ve r

. .
, ,

et c .

1 29 i th e h o un d s g ivin g t o n gu e c p M N D ;
iv 1 120 “
. . c h i di n g , n o se o f . . .

n ev e r did I he ar Suc h
g a ll an t c h iding
”
.
. .
,

1 3 5 sp ent exhau s ted

. .
, .

1 3 6 P 49 1 1 th r ew down hi s p ol e as a s ign a l t o en d t h e
.
-
.
, . .
,

c h ase p o ss ib l y an i m i t a t i o n o f t h e cu st o m a t c o m b a ts in a t o u r
n am en t wh en t h e p r es id en t thre w d o wn h is wa r d er o r t ru n ch eo n , ,
15 4 N OTE S .
[m a ss

1 28. . at l ar g e, in f ull .

1 30. . a p p li ed h er sel f , app ea e l d , m ade ap p lica t i o n t h e p h r as e

in t hi s sen se is l e te n o w O b so .

l 3 1 Otway Th o m a s 165 1 168 5 a d ram a t ic p o et au tho r o f

. .
, ,
-
, ,

Th e Orp h a n (fr o m which t h ese lin es ar e a n e x t ra c t ) Ven ice ,

P r eser ved et c S aid t o ha ve died of st ar va t io n
, . .

l 3 2 c l ose n ar ro w
. .
, .

l 3 3 d oub l e h er b o dy b ein g so b ow ed
. .
, .

1 3 5 s c al din g r h eum h o t sa l t t ear s r h eum is t h e hu m id an d

. .
,

sa l t m atter e xc r e t e d f ro m t h e e e s fr o m G k flux ;
H a ml ii 2 5 29 “
y p efi a a fl ow
p , .
, ,

cp . thr ea t en i n g th e fl am es W i th b i sso n
. . .
,

: g al l a in fl a m ed i r r i t a t ed
”
r h eum
’
, , .

l 3 6 C ol d p al sy shiver i n g fi t s due t o th e p a l sy ; p al sy is a
. .
,

d o ub l e t an d c o n t rac t ed fo r m o f p a r a lysis .

P 52 l 1 cr ook ed b en t ro un ded by age

.
, . .
, , , .

1 2 an ol d st ri p d h an g in g an O ld cu r tain o r fu rn i t ur e
’
. .
, ,

c o v er in g c o l o u red in str ip es , .

l 3 car cas e p r o p er l y a dea d b o dy an d li terall y a sh ell th e

. .
, , ,

dea d b o dy b ein g m er ely t h e sh ell which o n ce c on tai n ed th e so ul

h er e used o f o n e wh o w as m o re lik e a co rp s e than a livin g b o dy .

1 4 o f a p i ec e un ifo r m c o m p o sed o f t h e sam e m at er ia l

. .
, ,

t hro ugh o u t .

1 5 w eed s c o ver in g dr ess ; fro m A S waed a g arm en t in

'

. .
, , . .
, ,

which sen se i t is fr equen t in E lizab e than En gli sh ; so w e st ill

sp eak o f wido ws weeds m ean in g th e h ead dress w o r n by ’
,
’
-

wido ws .

l 7 And
. . wr et ch edn ess a n d seem ed to b e t yp ica l o f ,

th e v ar i o u s k in d s o f wo es wi t h which s h e w a s l a d en .

l 11 t h at h er l ip s m o ti on i e a s if sh e wer e c on st a n t ly
. .
, . .

m u tt er i n g ch ar m s i m p re ca ti o n s e tc t h e p a l sy b e i n g rea lly t h e
, ,
.

ca u se o f t h eir c o n s tan t twit c h in g .

11 12 4 a swi t ch
. mil es swi t ch es b e in g am o n g t h e thin gs
.
,

that wi t ch es were sup p o se d to m o u n t wh en t ravers in g t h e a ir ;

b ro o ms t ick s wer e a l so a fa vo u r i t e vehicl e in s uch a i r y fli gh t s ,

whil e f o r c ro ssi n g t h e sea s t hey m ade u se o f s i eves eggshell s , ,

co ck l eshe ll s an d t h e lik e , .

11 15 6 in t h e fi g ur e o f a c r o ss i t b ei n g b eli eve d tha t t ho se

.
,
.
,

p o ssesse d o f e vil sp ir i t s c o uld n o t p as s o v er such a n O b s t a cl e t h e

cro ss t h e em b l e m o f Chr i s t ia n i ty b ein g u sed to baflfle an d l ay
, ,

s uch sp ir i t s .

l 18 was sayi n g b ack war ds which wi t ches an d so r c er ers

. .
,

wer e s upp o se d t o do in o rder t o co un t era c t t h e eff ec t o f pray er .

l 22 rin g r eso un d b e full o f

. .
, , .
51 ON W I TCHC R A FT .
155

1 23
. . i m p o sed up o n h er fa lsely a tt rib u t ed t o h er ;
p al m ed , ,

li t er a ll y t hr u st i n t o h er h an d
, .

1 1 23 5 If t h e d air y m ai d
.
-
ch ur n if t h e c ream is l o n ger t han -
,

u sua l in t urn in g i n to bu tt er M o ll W hi t e is su sp e c t ed o f b e in g in ,

t h e n e i ghb o u rh o o d o f t h e chu r n a n d m ak in g t h e da i ry m a id s
’

“
-

eff o r t s o f n o a va il ; c
p M N D ii 1 3 7 ar e y o u n o t h e . . . . . .
,

Tha t so m et i m es l ab o ur in t h e qu ern A n d bootl ess m a ke th e, ,

br ea th less h o usewif e c h ur n said o f t h e sp r i t e R o b i n Go o d

fe llo w o r P uck, .

ll 25 6 If a h or se b ack i t b e in g b eli eve d th at wi t ches

.
, .
,

o ft e n t o o k h o r s e s o u t o f t h e s t a b l e a t n i g h t a n d u s e d t h e m f o r
l o n g j o u rn ey s .

1 1 268 I f a h a r e
. . a n o t h e r b e li ef w a s t h a t wi t ch e s

o ft e n t o o k t h e fo r m o f a n i m a l s
p u r s u e d b y hu n t er s a n d elu de d
t h e sp ee d o f t h e fl ee t es t h o un ds o r sudd en l y v an i sh e d f ro m
sigh t V ar i o u s t r ic k s o f th e k in d are d es cr i b ed in J o h n so n s
’
.

S a d S h ep h er d .

P .
53 ,
11 . . an o l d b r oom -
t
s a ff , see n o e o n t 1
1 12 14 .
-
.

1 3
. ta bby c at c at s wer e am o n g t h e fa m ili ar s o r dem o n s
. a ,

su p p o sed t o a tt en d t h e sum m o n s O f wi t ch es et c o r t o dw ell wi t h ,

.
,

the m ta bb y b r in dl ed o r div ers ifi ed in c o l o ur li k e t h e m ark i n gs

o n ta bby a k in d o f w a v e d s il k ; c p
,
,

M a cb iv 1 l “ Thr ic e t h e
,

. . . .
,

br in ded c a t h at h m e w d sa id b y t h e Fi rs t W i t ch
’
.

ll 4 5 l ay un der r ep or t w a s sp o k en as evilly o f sa id t o b e
.
, .
, ,

as b ad .

1 6 to
. . cc o m p an y sh a p e wi t ch es b ein g sa id o ft en t o t ak e
a ,

th e sh a p e O f a c a t wh en th e y did n o t wi sh t o b e r e c o gn ize d Old .

t r ea t i ses t ell u s tha t a wi t ch w as p er m i tt ed t o t a k e o n h er a c a t s ’

b o dy n i n e t i m es A S t o a c a t s b ein g a fa vo u r i t e wi t h wi t che s
’
.
,

t h e s t o r y is t h a t wh en Ga li n t hi a s t h e n u rs e o f Alc m en a o ut , ,

wi tted Jun o in r egar d t o t h e bi r th o f H er cul es t h e an gry go ddess ,

chan ge d h er i n to a ea t wh en H eca t e t h e p residin g d ei ty o f , ,

so r c er y a n d wi t chc ra f t t o o k p ity o n h er an d m a de h er h er ,

a tt en d a n t .

l 10 c on c er n ed t ro ub l ed in m in d
. .
, .

11 13 4 a j u sti c e o f p ea c e s in c e sh e w as li ab l e in c ase o f a n y
.
,
.
, ,

t s o f so r c ery b e i n g b r o u gh t h o m e t o h er t o b e p un i sh ed by h im ,

in t h a t c ap a ci ty see n o t e o n p 2 l 8 .
, . .

11 14 5 n ever
.
, c attl e t h a t b e in g am o n g t h e i n iqui t ies a ttr i
.
,

bu te d t o wi t ch e s ; c p e g M i ddl e to n s Wi tc h 1 2 52 wh ere
’
. . . .
,
.
,

H e c a t e says S eve n o f t h e i r y o u n g p ig s I ve b ew i t ch ed Of th e
,
’
,

l a st li t t er .
”

1 16 a b oun t y a p r ese n t o f m o n ey
. .
, .

1 . s p it p in s A m o n g o th er i n s t an c e s o f m a l evo l e n ce
.

a tt r i b u t e d t o wi t ches w a s t h a t o f c a u si n
g t h e o bj e c t s o f t he i r
l 56 NOTES .
[ P A GE S

ha t e t o s w all o w p in s c ro o k ed n ail s cin der s r efuse etc a n d , , , , .

,

be w i t ch ed p er so n s fr eq u en t l y f ell in t o vi o l en t fi t s dur in g which

th ey vo m i t ed n e edl es p in s st o n es n a il s e t c : t h e nig h tm are , , , , .

w a s in an ci en t b e li ef an i n cub u s t ha t vi si t e d p eo p l e in s l e ep an d ,

b y s i tt i n g h ea vil y o n th ei r ch est s c au sed th em t o d rea m h o r r ib l e

d ream s c p L ea r iii 4 126 S W ith o l d fo o t e d t hr ic e t h e o l d ;
.
, . .
, .

He m et t h e n igh t m ar e an d h er n in e fo ld T h e w o r d is n o w
- -
.
”

u sed o n ly o f a ho r r ib l e dr eam an d t h e i n cub us t ha t p ro duc es ,

t h e o p p r e ss i o n o n t h e ch e st is i n di g es t i o n Th e e l em en t ma r e .
—
,
say s S k ea t is fr o m t h e r o o t m a r t o
, p o un d c r u s h , , .

l 20 t o ssin g h er in t o a p on d Am o n g t h e var io u s m etho ds

. . .

o f t e st in
g a wi t ch w a s t h e o r d ea l o f s wi m m in g Th e vic t i m .

w a s st r i ppe d n a k e d a n d c ro ssb o un d t h e r i gh t t hu m b t o t h e ,

l eft t o e an d th e l eft thu m b t o t h e r i gh t t o e ; an d in this c on

,

dit io n sh e w as c a st in to a p o n d o r r iv er in which i t w as he ld ,

i m p o ss ib l e fo r h er if g uil ty t o sin k Ot her exp er im en t s wi th

, , .

t h e s a m e o b j e c t w er e t h e w e i ghin g o f t h e wi t ch a g a in s t Chur ch
B ib l es wh en if t h e l a t ter w ere fo u n d t o o u twe i gh t h e fo r m er
, , ,

h er g uil t w a s cl ear l y p ro v e d ; o r sh e w a s r eq ui r e d t o sa y t h e
Lo r d s P ray er in ab ilit y t o do whic h w a s an equal l y cl ear p ro o f
’
,

o r s h e w a s f o r c e d t o w ee p t h e p o p u l ar c o n vic t i o n b e i n g th a t ,

such c rea t u r e s c o uld sh e d n o m o r e th a n t hre e t ear s a n d t h o s e ,

o n l y fro m t h e l eft e e ; o r s h e w a s t r i e d b y
y p r ic k in g h er wi t h
p in s o r t o r t u re d o n a st o o l e t c
,
et c , .
, .

1 24 s t ag g er ed wi th t h e r ep ort s so m uch i m p ressed b y t h e

. .
,

st o r i e s t o ld h im as to d o u b t wh e t h er sh e w a s n o t r ea ll y a wi t ch ,

1 26 b oun d
. . c o m p ell e d h er t o giv e se cur i ty
fo r h er a pp e ar a n c e a t t h e c o u n t y sess i o n s wh en t hey sho uld
co m e o n .

1 27 m uch ado m uch t r o ub l e di ffi cul ty

. .
, , .

ll 3 0 1 a M 0 11Wh it e a n o ld w o m an lik e M o ll W hi t e in c ir
.
, .
,

c um st an c e a n d char a c t er .

1 3 1 t o d oat t o b ec o m e fo o li sh wi th a ge
. .
, .

1 32
. . h av e t o b e supp o r t ed by th e p ar i sh
r a t es Of co ur se t h e su gg est i o n is tha t t h e p ar i shi o n er s w o uld
.

b e gl a d t o g e t r id o f h er in a n y w a y ra t h er t han p ay fo r h er ,

m a in t en an c e .

11 3 2 3 sh e i s
.
,
wi t ch p eo p l e decl ar e t ha t sh e is a wit ch
.
,
.

11 3 3 4 an d fil l s
.
, dr eam s an d all m a n n er o f wild s t o r i es
.
,

a r e t o ld in p r o o f o f h er b e i n g g iv en t o wi t chc raf t .

P 54 1 1 secret f am ili ar it ies so wi th t h e devil

.
, . .
, . .

l 5 decr ep it wo rn o u t b ro k en do wn by o ld a ge ; fr Om t h e
. .
, , ,

Lat in d ecr ep it tha t m ak e s n o n o i se ; hen c e cr eep in g ab o ut

,

n o i sel ess l y li k e a n o l d m an .
15 8 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

13 5 6
. t ak en y our l eave of h idden a l ast farewell t o so in
, .
, , .

d esp air o f win n in g S usan H o liday s l o ve ’

.

P 57 l 4 K a t e Wil l ow B e tt y s c o n fidan t
.
, . .
,
’
.

ll 4 5 m ak es st or i es
.
, . s ak e i n ven t s fal se s t o ri es o f m y ,

a c t i o n s b ec a u se s h e t ak e s a
p l easur e in m y t al k i n g wi th h er ,

tho ugh I do so o n l y beca u se sh e is a c o n fidan t o f y o urs t e sh e ,

. .

t r i es t o set yo u aga in s t m e b e cau se sh e w o uld lik e t o w in m y ,

affe c t i o n s h er self .

I 8 h on est pu r e ch ast e
. .
, , .

ll 12 3 an d m ak es m e
.
, . i e an d as sh e h as ever . .

tr ea t ed h er a dm i rer s in t h e s am e s c o r n ful m an n er as t h e p er ver se

wi do w t ill n o w sh e h as c ease d t o b e a dm ir ed b y an y I b egi n
, ,

t o h o p e t h a t I sh a ll so m e day se e th a t w id o w in t h e s am e
m i serab l e s t a t e .

1 1 13 4 h er an sw er s so when th ey t a l k e d o f l o ve
.
, .
, . .

1 15 v al u ed h er s elf p r id ed h ers elf p u t a n ex orb it an t valu e

. .
, ,

u p o n et c, .

1 18 m or e di scr eet wis er in t h e m a tt er o f m arr ia ge

. . , .

1 20 m ak e a m a t ch m arr y
. .
, .

l 2 1 h u s sy p er t gi r l vix en a sh o r t en e d fo r m o f huswife
. .
, , ,
’

which s tan ds f o r h o u s ewife u sed in a c o n t em p t uo u s sen se ; ’

th o u gh b o t h h e re a n d in
“t h e saucy thin g Sir R o g er s c o n tem p t ,

,
’

is o f a go o d hu m o u re d k i n d -
.

ll 27 8 h as str eak ed sof tn ess h as b een t h e o r i gin of a vein

.
, .
,

o f g e n t l en es s r u n n i n g thr o u gh m y wh o l e life ; t h e fi g ure is th a t

o f a v e i n o f d i fferen t c o l o u r o r c o n s i s t en c y r un n i n g t hro u gh a

b l o c k o f m arb l e a b e d o f q u a r t z et c et c , , .
, .

1 3 2 b et t er m ot ives m o t iv es n o b l er in them se lves b u t n o t

. .
, ,

p r o ducin g so wh o l e s o m e a r e sul t .

1 3 4 w el l cur e d c o m p l e t el y cu r ed
. .
, .

ll 3 4 5 b etween y ou an d m e i e I say i t qui t e c on fiden t ially

.
, .
,
. . .

P . 4 5 d oes d air i es t e t o s e e h o w t h e d ai r ym a ids

,
.
,
. .

are gett i n g o n in t h eir m a k i n g o f c r e a m b u tt er et c , , .

1 5 r ea d s u p on st u di es t rea t i se s up o n
. .
, .

1 1 6 7 o ut of b o ok s i e h er c o n t em p l a t i o n o f t h e w o r k in g o f
.
, .
,
. .

t h e h o n e yb ee is di r e c t e d by w h a t sh e r ea ds in b o o k s up o n t h e
su b j e c t n o t b y o bs er va t i o n o f t h a t w o r k in g as i t i s in n a t ur e
,
.

1 1 7 8 t h e p oli ci es o f t h eir c omm o n weal th f o r a d es c r ip t io n

.
, .
,

o f s uch p o lici es a dm in i st r a t ive r ul e” see H V i 2 18 7 20 4

’

“fo r so wo r k t h e ho n eyb ees dro n e

‘ -
, , . . . .
,

, .

1 10 f or al l s h e l o ok s in sp i t e o f h er l o o k in g : in n o cen t o ft en
. . , ,

u s e d a s a sub st a n t ive in t h e s en s e o f i d io t o n e so chil di sh s i m p l e , , ,

as t o b e n ex t do o r t o a fo o l .
56 66
-
] RU RAL MANN E R S .
15 9

R U RAL MA NNE R S . No . 119 .

P 58 l 19 By m ann ers m oral s A ddi so n p ro b a

.
, . . b l y sa ys t hi s ,

bec au se t h e L a t i n m o r es i n cludes b o t h m an n er s an d m o r a l s .

l 23 art icl e p ar t icul ar m att er l it er ally a li ttl e j o in t (o f t h e

. .
, , ,

bo dy )
1 24 ob l ig i ng d ef eren c es a m i ab l e civili ti es c o ur t es i es
. .
, ,
.

l 26 b r oug h t up in t r o duc ed
. .
, .

1 1 29 3 0 mu t u al c om p l ai s an c e i n t er cha n ge o f en d eavo ur s t o
.
,
.
,

pl ease con ver satio n so ci a l in t er c o ur se , .

P 59 l 2 m o di sh fa shi o n a bl e in a cc o r da n c e wi t h t h e m o de
.
, . .
, , ,

o r fashi o n o f t h e t i m e cp b e l o w p 60 l 10
, .
, .
,
. .

ll 5 6 t o r etr en ch it s sup er fi uities to cut d o wn it s u sel ess

.
, .
,

fo rm a li t i es .

l 7 carriag e m an n e r o f b ear i n g o n eself dep o r tm en t

. .
, ,
.

l 10 sit m ore l o o se a fi gur e fro m cl o t hin g ; c p M a c b i 3

. .
,
. . . .

144 6 N e w h o n o u rs c o m e u po n h im Li k e o ur s t r an ge ga r m en t s
-
, , ,

cl ea ve n o t t o th e i r m o uld B ut wi t h t h e aid o f u se .
”

l 11 an agr e eab l e n eg lig en c e a p l ea san t in fo r m ali ty n eg le c t

. .
, ,

o f c ere m o n y .

l 15 f et ch e d th em sel ves up b r o u gh t t hem se lves up to t h e

. .
,

l ev e l o f .

l 16 b ut t h em t ha n t h e to w n h as di sc arded tho se fash i o n s

. .
, .

l 17 t h e fir st st ate o f n at ur e t h e m a n n er s n a tu ral befo r e

.
,

c ivfl iz a t io n h a d m a d e a n y w ay in t h e w o r ld .

1 20 h i s exc ess of g o o d b r eedin g th e s up er a bu n dan c e o f p o li te

. .
-
,

fo rm a li t i es which h e u ses .

11 22 3 m or e t o d o m o r e fuss ; t o d o in t hi s p h r ase is u se d
.
, .
,

as a q u a s i s u b s t an t iv e as is a d o which is p r o p e rl y an i n fi n i t iv e , ,

ve rb a t do .

1 29 c oul d adj u s t th e c er em oni al c o uld se tt l e in wha t o r de r

. .
,

o f p r ec e de n c e t h e g u es t s w e re t o b e r a n g e d a t t a b l e .

11 3 1 2 p ick.
g u es t s ch o o s e o u t h is gu est s fr o m th o se am o n g
, .
,

who m t h ey were sea t ed .

1 3 6 P 60 l 1 Th oug h
.
-
m orn i ng so a n d m u s t t h er efo r e b e
.
, . .
, .

ver y hun gr y .

I 2 ser ved h e l p ed t o f o o d
. .
, .

1 6 su r e evid en t l y
. .
,
.

l 10 m o d e fa shi o n
. .
,
.

1 .
p o l i s h ed i n Fr a n c e a t o u r o n t h e c o n t i n e n t a n d m o r e ,

e s e ci a ll y in Fr a n c e w a s in t ho s e da s l o o k e d u o n a s i n d i s
p y p
l 60 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

p en sab l e fo r p er fe c t in g t h e m an n ers o f all y o un g m e n of p o si t i on

un civil iz ed, b o orish , i mp o li t e .

l 26 Th is inf am ous g o o d b reedi ng thi s b ehavio ur n ow

. .
-
,

a cc o un t e d a m ar k o f
go o d b r eedi n g b ut in r ea li ty di sgra c eful , .

ll 3 0 1 if th e c o un try
.
,
l u r ch
. if t h e c o u n t ry g en t l em en ,

a d o p t i t t h ey will so o n fi n d t h a t i t is g iv en u p by t h e t o w n a n d
,

they will be l eft a ll a l o n e in p o ssessi o n o f t his un en vi abl e dist in c

t i o n T h e h r ase t o l eav e in t h e l ur ch w as der iv ed fro m its ‘ ’

3 gam e c alled lur ch T h e gam e say s S k ea t “

.

u se in an 0 1
‘ ’
is .
, ,

m en t i o n ed in C o t grav e — F l o ur c h e t h e gam e c a ll ed Lu r che o r . .

,
‘
, ,

a Lur ch in
gam e ll d em our a lo ur c h e h e w as l eft in t h e lur ch ,

He a l so g ives Ga r c h e t h e gam e at t ab l es c all e d l ur ch Thi s

, .
’

su gg e st s t ha t l o ur c h e st an d s f o r l o ur c h e t h e in i t i a l l b e in g m er el y
’

t h e defini t e ar t icl e A lur c h is a t er m e sp eci ally u sed when o n e

.

p erso n g a in s ev er y p o in t b efo r e an o t h er m a k es o n e h en ce a
p l au s i b l e d er iva t i o n m a y b e o b t a i n e d b y supp o si n g t ha t ou r c h e
m ean t t h e p o o l in which t h e st ak es w er e p u t T h e lo ve r s st ak e s
’
.

rem a in e d in th e l ur c h o r h e w a s l eft in th e lur c h when h e did

, ,

n ot
ga in a s in g l e p i e c e fro m t h e p o o l which a ll w en t t o o t h er s , .

If thi s b e so t h e sen se o f our c h e is eas ily o b ta i n e d i t m ea n t th e

,

p o o l t e t h e vase or ja r in t o which th e st ak e s wer e c a st

’
, . . Th e
e ty m o l o gy is t hen o bvio u s viz fro m L at ur ceus a p i t cher vase ,
. .
, , .

B u t thi s is a guess
”
.

1 3 2 c o m e t o o l at e i t h avin g b een ab an d o n ed by tho se whom

. .
,

they fan cy they a re i m it at in g .

P 6 1 1 1 t ur n s u p on h as t o do wi t h is c o n c ern e d wi th
.
, . .
, , .

l 6 h eig h t o f t h eir h ea d dr esses see E ssay No 9 8

. .
-
, . .

.l 7 up on cir cuit go in g th e cir cuit wi th t h e judges T h e

.
, .

c o un t ry fo r t h e a dm in i st ra t io n o f j ust ice is divided in t o c er ta in

c ir cui ts t o b e m a d e p er i o dic a ll y b y t h e judges wh en ho ldi n g
ass i z es .

I NST I NCT I N AN IM ALS . No . 120 .

P 6 1, l 29 r ecoll ect in g , r e c allin g ; n o t th e m er e p ass iv e p ro

. . .

c ess o f r em em ber in g , b u t th e a ct ive o n e o f c alli n g u p t o h is

m i n d t h e rem ar k s h e h a s r ea d, in o r der t o app l y t h em t o t h e
cir cum stan c es ar o un d h im .

P . 3 . d emons tra ti e, v cap ab l e of b ei n g demo n strat ed as

c on clu siv e .

ll 5 7 y et th ere r en der y et ther e is in ever y turn in t h e

.
, .
,

m u s cl es o r t wi s t in th e fi bres o f ea ch ho w ever s li ght t ha t t ur n ,

o r t w i s t m a y b e s o m e t hi n g w hich r en d e r s ther e is n ot [ so m e
,

thin g] whic h do es n o t m ak i n g t h e sta t em en t m o r e e mpha tic ,

”
.

l 7 p r op er s uit ab l e p eculi arl y i ts o wn

“
.
. .
, ,

1 12 f or th e l eavi ng a p ost eri ty w e sho uld n o w s y i the

. . a e r fo r ,
162 N OT E S .
[ P A G ES

1
1 3 2, 3. . in cr ease
o f any l ay s , i e if t h e k eep er o f t h e h en . .

h o use t ak es away an y o f t h e eggs in t h e n e s t o r a dd s o t h ers t o

t h em .

1
1 3 5, 6. . o f ne er diff eren t in sp eci es
v b ir d , of a b ir d h o wever .

Her e n ever is u sed wh er e w e sho uld n o w say ever ; there is in

fa c t an ellipsi s an d t h e full sen t en ce wo uld b e o f so di ff eren t a
b ir d as n ev er w a s S ee A b b 52 . . .

P 65 l 1 wh i ch do n ot carry r eg ar d which do n o t in v o lve

.
, . .
, ,

n ec ess it at e h er p ayin g p ar t icul ar a tt en t i o n : very u tt er c o m

, , ,

p l et e .

l . 7 . any p r op ert i es in matt er , an y thi n g in t h e m at er i a l f or

m at i o n , c o n st i t ut i on , o f t h e an im al .

1 15 t h e
. M ov er , Go d
. fir st
Of gravi tat i on , th e la w o f whi c h .

w as l a id do w n b y N ew t o n in h is P r in cip ia , 168 7 , th e a u t ho r o f
t hat wo r k wr it es, I do n o t an ywher e t ak e o n m e t o defin e th e
k i n d o r m an n er o f a n y a c t i o n , t h e c auses o r p hy s ic a l r easo n s
t h ereo f, or att r ibu te fo r ces in a tr u e an d phys ic a l sen se t o c er ta in
c en tres, wh en I sp eak o f them as a tt rac t in g o r en dued wi th
attr a c t iv e p o w er s
”
.

INST I NCT I N AN I M ALS —

Con tin ued . No . 121
.

P . 65, l 23 _
. . t th er
p ro p er l y sp eak in g , t h e el em en t s t ep
s ep m o ,

fro m A S stedp o rp h a n ed, o r dep r ived of its p a r en t, is c o mp o un ded

. .

o n l y wi t h s u ch w o r d s as c h ild , son , d a ug h ter ; b ut t h e u se w as

af t er w ar d s e x t en de d t o fo r m th e c o m p o u n d s stepf a th er , step
mo th er , t o d en o t e t h e fat h er o r m o th er o f t h e child w h o h ad l o s t
o n e o f i t s p a ren t s Here o f c o ur se i t is app li ed t o t h e h en w h o ,
.

o r wha t e ver r ea s o n , h a d b een m a d e t o h at ch t h e b ro o d o f y o u n

fl uc k s .
g

P 66, l . . 1 c a uses all t h e p o rt i o n s o f

.

m att er t o t heir p ro p er p o s it i o n s t h e c en tr i p et a l fo r c e which

seek
a ttra c t s m att er ; see q u o t a t i o n fro m N ewt o n ju s t ab o ve ; det er
min es c a u ses t o fi n d it s li m i t fi n a l res tin g p l a c e
, ,
-
.

1 2 Pe t er B ay l e in h is n o te s t o B er eir a a n d R o rar iu s in h is
. .
,

H isto r ical D ic tion a r y h as a v er y l o n g dis qui si t i o n c a ll e d C o n

,

c ern in g th e o pi n i o n s ab o ut t h e s o ul s o f b ea st s T o w ar d s t h e .
”

en d o f t h e n o t e o n R o r a r ius h e q u o t e s fr o m t h e N o uvell es d e la ,

R ep u blique des L ettr es Oc t o b er 17 0 0 p p 419 420 ,Add t o thi s , , .

-

t h e fo ll o win g w o r ds o f M o n s thin k I hav e r ea d .

so m ewh er e t hi s p o s i t i o n D eus est A n im a B r utor um Thi s ex

, .

p ressi o n is so m ewh a t h a rsh b ut i t is su s c ep t ib l e o f a reaso n a b l e

sen s e A t t h e en d o f t h e n o t e B ay l e say s
.
’ “ I do n o t qu es t io n
,

t hat Dr B ayl e a phy sician an d p r o fess o r o f th e Lib er a l A r t s a t

.
,

T o ulo us e h a s e xp r esse d D esc ar t es o p in i o n s o n thi s hea d in h is

,
’

P h ysilcs w h ic h h e h as l a t el y p ub li sh ed in t h r e e v o lum es in 4t o
”
.
,
64 I NST I NCT I N AN IMALS .
163

l 9 Tull y , Mar cu s Tulliu s

. . Cic er o , t h e g r ea t R o m an o ra o r t
a n d st at e sm an , B 0 10 6 43 . .
-
.

1 11 Dam p i er ,
. . W illi am ,
165 2 17 15 , n avi g a t o r a n d
-
hydro
graph er ; i n 169 1p ub li sh ed A Vo ya ge R oun d th e Wo r l d .

1 16 f al l on , ea ger l y atta c k ,
. . e at .

P 67 ll 14 5 t h oug h th ey ar e b r ed wit h in doors n o t tha t

.
, .
, .
,

al l l a m b s are so b r e d b u t in th ose c a ses in w h ic h t h ey ar e so b r e d

,
.

1 19 L o ck e J o hn 163 2 17 0 4 E n gli sh p hil o so p h er ; au th o r

. .
, ,
-
, ,

am o n g o t h er w o r k s o f E ssa y c o n cer ning H u m a n U n ders ta nd ing

, ,

T r ea tise on E duc a tio n, et c .

13 1
. . afil ux , a cc ess fl owin g t o wa r ds i t ;
,
a wor d o f rare u se

no w a d ay s .

l 3 5 M ore Hen ry 1614 168 7 o n e o f th e o r igin al m em ber s o f

. .
, ,
-
,

t h e R o y a l S o ci ety a u th o r o f D ivin e D ia l og ues a n d P sy c h ozo ia

,

C ar da n G i ro l a m o C ar dan o 150 1 15 7 5 b o r n a t Pa vi a in It al y
, ,
-
, , ,

n a t u ra l p hil o s o p her a n d m at h em a t ici a n ; a l so ren o wn e d as a

p hys icia n .

P . 1 def ect iv e i e in c o m p ar i son wi t h o t h er a n im a l s

.
, . .
,

tho ugh n o t as r egar ds t h e k in d o f lif e i t l eads .

1 3 ob vi ous c o mm o n p l a c e ; li t era lly m ee t i n g o n e in o n e s

’
. .
, ,

w ay .

1
1 10 2. . Wh at sh e c ap abl e of h er sh e is r ichly en do wed
is ,

wi th cap a cit ies fo r defen c e an d fa cul t i es which give h er warn in g

o f im p en di n g d an g er .

l 14 event r esul t ;
. . differen c e b etween an even t an
,
th e ,

a c c iden t a n d a c o n tin g en c y
,
is t h a t an even t is a n o c cur ren c e ,

wh ether fo r tu n a t e o r un fo r t un at e ; an a c ciden t an o ccu r r en c e ,

tha t t ak es us b y surpr i se an d so m o r e fr equen t l y an un fo rt un at e ,

o ccu r r en c e ; a c on tin g en cy an o ccu r r en c e which a cc o r d s wi t h ,

o n e s e xp e c t a t i o n s an d so o n e m o r e ge n er a ll y o f a fo r t u n a t e
’
,

n a t ure .

11 18 9 th an will serv e
.
,
b ody th a n will b e s u ffici en t fo r
.
,

c o ver in g h er b o dy ‘
.

1 21 c our ses it n ot d o es n o t d r ag i t a l o n g as sh e m o ves

. .
, .

1 23 f ain gl ad ; b ut wi th t h e n o t i o n o f b e in g gl ad t o t ak e a
. .
,

c er ta in c o ur se in d ef a ul t of opp or tun ity f or a n yth ing better

11 25 6 h a d b een w o uld h ave b een
.
, .
, .

.1 27 f et ch h er o ut p ull h er o ut
.
, .

.1 3 0 B oyl e R o b er t 1626 169 1 a di st in gui sh ed m an o f s ci en c e

.
, ,
-
, ,

an d a n e ar l y m em b er o f t h e R o y a l S o ci e ty .

11 3 4 5 b ut on e h u m our o n l y o n e l ay er o f wat er y m att er

.
, . In , .

t h e hum a n ey e a n d th a t o f a n im a l s in g en era l t h er e ar e t w o
hum o urs t h e aqu eo u s hum o u r fo un d in t h e an t er i o r cham b er o f
, ,

t h e ey e a n d t h e vi t r eo u s hum o u r filli n g t h e p o st er i o r ch a m b er
“
, ,
164 N O TES .
[ P A G ES

of th e Throu gh b o th o f these as w ell as thro u gh th e

ey e .
,

co r n ea an d th e cry st a llin e l en s r ay s o f ligh t p ass b efo r e rea chin g ,

th e r e t in a an d p r o ducin g a lum i n o us sen sa t i o n .

ll 3 5 6 t h e id ea o f l ig h t t h e im age o f light im p r esse d o n t h e

.
, .
,

ey e .

P 69 , 1 9
. . . b l emis h es, c o m p ara tivel y wi th th e struc ture o f o ther
an i m a l s .

1 18 orig in al , o ri gin
. . .

1 3 0 h owling wil d er n ess ,

. . deser t ab o un di n g in all sor t s o f wild
n o i ses t h e r o a r o f th e win d t h e c r i es o f wild b eas t s
, a q u o t a ti o n ,

fr o m D euter on omy xxxii 10 : t h e great deep th e m ain o c ean ; , .

,

fro m P sa lms ll 10 , . .

l 3 3 t h e fin est g l asses gl a sses o f th e highest m agn ifyin g

. .
,

p o w er .

P 70 l 5 Tull y see n o t e o n p 66 l 9
.
, . .
, .
, . .

7 an d th at i n a styl e an d thi s sk et ch wr itt en in a

.
,

s ty l e : rai s ed e l eva t ed , .

l 9 ni ce p ar t icul ar m in u t e
. .
, , .

1 1 9 10 wh en t h ey p ass
.
,
wr i t er wh en c o n v ey ed t o u s by t h e
.
,

w r i t i n gs o f a c o mm o n p la c e a u th o r .

S I R RO G E R AT T HE ASS I Z ES . No . 122 .

P .
70 , 1 ti ons tha t self app ro val w e
L 17 , 8 . th ose ap p r ob a ,
-

sc ar c e l y u se t h e w o r d in t h e p lu ra l n o w .

1 26 t h e r et urn s of a ff ec tion evi den c e s o f affec t io n p a id in

. .
,

re t ur n .

1 3 0 He woul d n eed s h e w as det erm i n ed h a d m a de up h is

“

. .
, ,

m in d Th e p hrase i m p li es t h e id ea t h a t th e a c t w a s o n e which
.

h e m a de n e c essar y t o hi m se lf t h o u gh t here w a s r ea ll y n o o bliga

t i o n up on h im n eed s t h e o l d gen i t ive u sed a dverb ia lly , .

P 7 1 l l p l ain m en u n p r et en din g co un tr ym en as o pp o sed

.
, . .
,
-
,

to t h e fi n e gen t l e m en o f t h e t o wn : ri d a fo r m o f t h e p ast t en se ,

no l o n ger in u se .

1 7 h e is
. .
g am e act thi s r efer s t o t h e o l d ga m e l a w s ,

by which p er so n s we re n o t a ll o we d t o o b t a in a lic en se u n l ess

duly qua li fied by b ir th o r e sta t e Th e o r din ary q ua lific at io n w a s .

o w n er ship o f l a n d s o f t h e m in i m u m y ear l y v a lu e o f £ 1 00 a n d ,

Sir R o ger h as ju st sp o k en o f t h e p er so n in q u est i o n a s b ei n g a

y eo m an o f ab o u t a hun d re d p o un ds a y ear
”
.

1 13 sh o ot s fl yin g k ill s h is b i r ds whil e o n t h e W in g n o t , ,

whi l e si ttin g o n t h e gro un d o r o n a tree which wo uld b e a m o s t ,

un spo r tsm an li k e a c t .
166 NOTES .
[ P A GE S

P . 1
. c onj urin g , ear n es tly desi r in g ; li t era lly so lem n l y
,

i m p l o r in g fr o m L at c onj ur a r e t o swear
, .
, t o geth er t o c o mb in e
,

by o at h .

l 3 c omp o sed my co un t en an ce p ut o n a ser i o u s l o ok

. .
, .

1 4 t h at m u c h sid es wi tt il y r ep ro ducin g S ir R o g er s o w n
’
. .
,

wo r ds when d ecidin g b etween W ill W im b l e an d T o m T o uchy .

EDUCAT I O N OF COUNTRY S QU I R E S N o 123 . . .

P 7 5 ll 6 7 r efl ecting b orn t o dw ellin g u p on t h e i m po rt

.
, .
, .
,

an c e in lif e o f t h e p o s i t i o n which t h ey hav e in h er i t e d b y b i r th .

11 7 8 th in k in g
.
, . unnec essary thin k in g th at n o cul t ivat ion ,

o f t h ei r p o w er s an d fa cul t i es is n ec e ssar y t o th o se b o r n t o such

a p o s i t i o n ; o f c o u rse s t r ic t l y sp ea k i n g b e i n g s o b o r n is n o t a n
“ a cc o m p li shm en t an d ther efo re t h e exp res si o n “
,
”
all
,

o th er
,

a cc o m p li shm en t s is n o t r eall y l o g ic a l .

l 13 in a line fr o m fa ther to son

. .
, .

1 19 n ovel a sho r t st o ry gen er a ll y o f l o v e

. .
,
Th e w o r d in i ts , .

m o d er n sen se is o f l a t e o r i gi n ; it s ea r li er u se w as in t h e p lu ra l ,
= Fr n ou vell es n ews
.
, .

1 25 t h r ew
. . c ourt u se d all h is en ergi es t o get a dm i tt ed ,

t o a c o ur t ; t h e w o r d t h r ew in dic at es t h e a r do ur an d en er gy
_
'

wi th which h e push e d h is w a y in .

11 3 2 3 th e i n t er est o f it s p rin c es t h e p er s on a l o b j ec t s which

.
, .
,

ea ch o f t h e so v er ei gn s h a d in vi e w .

P 7 6 l l dig ested h i s k n owl edg e did n o t m er el y swall o w i t

.
, . .
,

do wn in a c r ude m a ss so tha t i t w a s o f n o p r act ica l use t o h im ,

bu t assi m il a t ed i t wi t h h is m en t a l sy s t e m in t h e shap e o f
e xp er i e n c e as w ell di gest e d fo o d is assi m il at e d wi t h t h e bo dil y
,
-

sy st em in t h e sh ap e o f b l o o d b o n e fl esh et c , , , .

1 7 turn ed o f f or ty m o r e than fo r t y y ear s o l d ; t h e idea in

. .
,

t ur n ed is th a t o f p ass i n g r o un d a n d so b ey o n d a fix ed p o in t , , .

1 8 t h er e i s
. . o n e c an n o l o n ge r a ff o r d t o p l a y wi th life .

Addis o n is q uo t in g fro m C o wl ey s S everal Di s c our ses by w a y ’

o f E s say s in P r o se a n d V er s e N o 10 O n t h e D an ger o f Pr o
’
.
, ,

c r a st in a t io n Ther e s n o f o o l in g wi th life wh en i t is o n ce t urn ed

’ ‘ ’

b eyo n d fo r ty (S al m o n ) .

1 9 p ursuan t t o fo ll o win g o ut in a cc o r d an c e wi th
. .
, , .

l 11 I n or der t o t h is wi t h thi s p urp o se

. . , .

ll 3 1 2 at y ear s of di s cretion a t an age when they mi gh t b e

.
, . ,

supp o se d c ap a bl e o f m an ag i n g t h e i r o wn affa i r s .

P 7 7 l 3 h a d wroug h t th em sel ves by c o n st an t c o m pan i o n

.
,
. .
,

ship wi t h th ei r a d o p t e d children h ad br o u gh t t hem selv es t o feel .

74 7 9 4
-
ED U CAT I ON OF COUNTRY S QU I RES .
167

1 10
. . was di ct at ed aff e c ti o n , w as i m pe ll ed c o n stra in ed
, , by
h is l o v e as a fath er .

I 13 c ir cu m st anc es p o si t i o n in life as r egar d e d m o n ey ;

. .
, ,

h er e t h e £3 00 a y ear which w as L eo n t i n e s i n c o m e ’
.

1 14 h e was to mak e i t wo uld b e n ec essary f o r h im t o m ak e

. .
, .

1 23 ex er ci ses in cludin g phy s ic a l a sw ell as m en t a l tra in in g

. .
,
.

1 24 th e in n s o f c o urt o f which th e p r in cip a l are Lin c o l n s

’
. .
,

I nn t h e In n er an d M iddl e T emp l e an d Gr ay s I n n
’
.
, ,

11 25 7 wh er e t h er e are
.
-
.th em th o se w h o k n o w t hat th ey ,

g p ro p er t i es n o t t hin k i n g i t w o r t h whil e t o work

a r e h e irs t o l ar e ,

har d .

1 3 3 f ost er f a th er o n e w h o h a d b r o ugh t h im up
. .
-
,
.

P 7 8 l 2 a very un easy p assion a p assi o n which c au sed h im

.
, . .
,

gr ea t di sgu st fr o m h is n o t b ein g (as h e supp o s ed ) h er equ a l in

w ea l t h .

l 4 in dir ec t un derh an d n o t st r aigh tfo rwar d

. .
, , .

1 11 g ive h im
. . c oun try en abl e h im to m a k e him se lf a m an ,

o f m a r k a n d i m p o r t an c e .

ll 20 l th e g ood m an so Leo n t in e
.
, .
, . .

l 23 sal ut es han dsha k in gs an d e xchang e Of i n quir i es as to

. .
,

t h e h ea l t h an d w e llbe i n g o f ea ch o t h er .

1 24 cl oset p r iv a t e r o o m
. .
, .

1 29 y ou r f ath er i e by y o u r m arr iage wi th h is d au ght er

. .
, . .

fa ther ln l aw - -
.

1 3 1 mi sp l a ced as b ein g given to o n e w h o w as n o t rea ll y h er

. .
,

fa th er .

I 3 4 t h e r eli sh t h e k e en p l e a s ure o f en j o y i n g
. .
, .

P 7 9 1 3 di sc overies r evel a t io n s
.
, . .
, .

1 8 in d umb s h ow by h is gestu r es
. .
, .

l 9 t h at w er e utt er an c e which so o verp o wer e d h im that

. .
,

h e c o uld n o t g ive ex p r ess i o n t o th em in w o r ds .

1 14 efi ect s r es ul ts
'

. . .
,

M I SC H I E FS OF PA R TY SP IRI T . No . 125 .

P 7 9 l 24 R oun dh ead s a t er m app li e d in th e Ci vil W ar b et ween

.
,
. .
,

Char l es I an d t h e P arl iam en t t o t h e Parli am en tar ia n s ; sa id t o

.

have ar i sen fr o m t ho se p er so n s h avin g a r o u n d b owl o r di sh p ut

u po n thei r hea ds an d t h ei r ha i r c u t t o t h e edge o f t h e b owl in
o r d er t o c o n t ra s t t h e m se lv es w it h t h e C avali er s o r su pp o r t ers o f ,

Char l es w h o w ere th ei r ha i r in th e l o n g cur l s fashi on abl e at

,

C o u rt ; t h e a ppellat io n C ava lier s w as g iven o r i gin a lly to a

 l 68 NO T E S .
[ P A G ES

n um ber o f gen t l em en w h o in 1641 fo r m e d t hem selves in t o a , ,

b o dy guar d f o r t h e k in g
— .

11 25 6 a s tr i p lin g a yo u th a l a d ; a do ub l e di m in u t iv e o f
.
, .
, ,

str ip o n e as t hin a s a str ip a g r o win g l a d n o t y e t fill e d o ut

’
:
, .

1 27 St A nn e s L an e e ith er t h e l an e o f tha t n am e o n t h e
’
. . .
,

r ight o f Ald er sga t e S t ree t b eh in d t h e Po st O ffic e o r t ha t , ,

l ea din g o ut o f S t Pet er s S treet W estm in st er .

’
, .

P 80 l 2 a p rick eared cur a t erm of c on t em p t app li ed to

.
, . .
-
,

m o n gr el s
“
H arr i so n E n gla n d b k iii c 7 sp ea k in g o f En glish
.

d o gs says T h e l a s t so r t c o n si s te th o f th e curr i sh k in d o f
, ,
, , . .
, .
,

which th e whapp et o r p r ick ca r ed cur is o n e , a n d K n i gh t o n -

”
,

H V ii 1 44
. . t ho u p r ick ea r d c ur o f I c el an d r em ar k s
. .
,
-
’
,

th at t h e p r ic k ea r s are in var i ab l e in dic at i o n s o f t h e ha lf

-

re cl a im e d a n im a l Th e E squi m aux do g t h e do g o f t h e Ma ck en
.
,

z ie Riv er an d t h e Au str a l a si an d o g o r di n o furn ish st r ik in g

g
—
, ,

e x a m p l e s o f t hi s ch a ra c t er i s t ic This term o f c o n t em p t Was o n e ”

.

o f f r eq u en t u se in o l d d a y s ; bu t here t h e sp eci a l a pp lic a t i o n is

t o th e Pu r it an s wh o se ea r s fr o m t h ei r w ear in g t he i r h ai r cu t so
sh o r t s t o o d o ut p ro m in en t l y t o vi ew
,
a n d so a
“p r ick c are d ,

,
-

c ur is t h e exa c t o pp o s i t e o f a p o p i sh c ur t h e f o rm er o f t h e —

t w o p er so n s q u es t i o n e d b y y o un g Sir R o g er b e in g a Pu r i tan t h e ,

latt er o n e o f t h e High Chur ch p ar ty o r a dher en t s o f Char l es

,
-
,

f or h i s p ain s f o r t ak in g t h e t ro ub l e t o ask h im t h e w a y t o S t
, .

An n e s Lan e ’
.

1 1 13 4 b esides th a t
.
, .
g ame Sir R o ger a s a l a n d o wn er a n d ,

a sp o r t s m a n n a tu r a ll y r efer s t o m att er s in which h e w as sp e ci a ll y

in t eres t e d as b ein g a ff ec t e d by r evo lut io n ar y t i m es jus t as a ,

cit izen wo uld a ttr ib ut e t o such di stu rb an c es a r i se in t h e p r ic e o f

b r ea d o r o f s t uff g o o d s B u t h e is r eferr in g in p ar t icul a r t o th e
.

en h an c em en t o f t h e L an d T ax by a m o re a ccu r a t e v a lu a t i o n o f
e st a t e s Thi s tax i m p o se d in 169 9 t o m eet t h e c o st o f t h e
.
, ,

Fr en ch W ar grew o u t o f a sub s idy s chem e o f fo ur shill in gs

,

in t h e p o un d which in 169 2 p r o duc e d ,

I n sub se qu en t
y ears t h e r a t e v a r i e d fr o m o n e t o fo u r shill in gs in t h e p o u n d 111 .

17 9 8 Pi tt fix ed i t p erp et ua lly at fo u r shillin g s bu t in t r o duc e d a ,

p l an f o r it s r edemp t i o n T h e en h a n c em en t o f t h e tax Sir R o g er

.

a tt r ib u t es t o t h e b i tt er feel in g o f t h e W higs (in p o w er in 1 69 9 )

t o wa r ds t h e T o ry lan d o wn ers ; a n d t h e d est r uct i o n o f gam e t o
-

t h e g reat er s e cu r i ty o f p o a ch ers in t im es when t h e c o u n t r y gen t l e

m en wer e divid ed a m o n g t h em se l ves s p oil g o od n eig h b ou rh o o d ,

p u t a n e n d t o t h a t g o o d feel in g whi ch s ho uld p reva il am o n g

n ei ghb o u rs .

l 15 a gr eat er j udg men t a heavi er p en al ty a djudged by

. .
,

Pr o viden c e T h e w o r d j udg men t is u se d in a B ib lic a l s en se o f

.

e vil s sen t d o wn u p o n a p eo p l e b y Go d in p un i shm en t o f t h ei r s in s .

l 21 c omm on en emy en e m y t o b o t h p ar t i es
. . ,
.
17 0 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

th e p o p es an d s ev era l It a li an ci t ies t o o k t h e s id e o f h is r iv a l .

H ie Guelf an d H ie Gibel in ar e sa id t o h a ve b een u s ed a s w ar

c r i es in 1140 , a t a ba tt l e b efo re W ei n sb erg , in W ur tem b erg , wh en
Gu elf of B avar i a w as d efea t e d b y t h e em p ero r C o n ra d IV w h o .

c am e t o h elp th e r iva l duk e L eo p o ld Th e Ghib elin es wer e .

a l m o s t t o t a ll y e x p e ll e d fr o m It a l y in 1267 , wh en C o n ra din , t h e
l ast o f th e Ho h en staufen s, w a s b ehea ded b y Char l es o f Anj o u ”

(H ay dn , D ic tio n ar y of D a tes ) .

1 2 1 t h e l eag u e t h e
. .
,
C a t ho lic l eague fo rm ed by Hen ry duk e , ,

of G ui se , in 15 7 6, aga in s t t h e Hu gu en o t s o r Pr o t est an t p ar ty , ,

in Fran c e .

1 22. unh app y un fo r t un at e

.
, .

ll 25 6 a sp eciou s c on cern a p l aus ib l e b ut n o t r eal an xi ety

.
, .
,
.

P 8 3 ll 8 9 in g r eat fig ur es of l if e in pr o m in en t p o lit ic al
.
, .
, .
,

po si t i o n s : b ecaus e m er ely b ec a use ,

.

1 11 gr at ef ul p l ea sin g a cc ep tab l e
. .
, , .

1 15 i nn o c en c e
. . virt ue in n o c en t an d v ir t u o u s p er so n s ; t h e ,

ab st r a c t f o r t h e c o n c ret e .

ll 17 8 wh ig s or t ori es t h e fo rm er an sw er n g as a p o li t ica l
.
, .
, I

ar t
y t o t h e Li b era l s o f t o day Th e w o r d wh ig is sa id by
“
ga rn et t o be a c on tract ion o f wh igga mor app li ed t o c ertain
-
.

Sco t chm en w h o c am e fr om t h e west in t h e sum m er t o buy c o rn at

Lei th A m ar ch t o E din b u rgh m ade by t h e Mar qui s o f A rgy l e
a n d 60 0 0 m en w as c all e d t h e wh igga m or s in r o a d an d aft er
‘ ’ ’
,

war ds tho se w h o opp o s ed th e c o ur t cam e in c on temp t t o b e c all ed

w h igs (S k e at E ty T h e d eriva t i o n o f t h e w o r d is
, .

un c er t ai n : th e l att er an swer in g t o th e C on ser va t ives o f t o day -

,

an d li k e Wh ig fi rs t u sed in an o bn o xi o u s sen se
”

,
,
“
T r en ch S elec t Glossa r y q uo t ed by S k ea t was a n am e p ro p er ly
Tor ies say s

, ,
.
,

bel o n g in g t o t h e I r i sh b o g tr o tt ers w h o du r in g o ur Civil W ar -

, , ,

r o bb e d a n d p lun de r e d p r o fess in g t o b e in a r m s f o r t h e r o y al ,

c a use an d fro m the m a bo u t 168 0 t o th o se w h o so ught to m a in , ,

t ain t h e extr em e p rer o ga tives o f t h e C ro wn ”

.

M I SC H I E FS OF P ARTY S PI R I T —
Co n tin u ed . No . 126 .

P . 83 ,
l . 25 . A s i t i s d esig n ed, as , a cc o r din g t o t h e p l an there
sk e t che d o u t t h e in t en t io n is t hat et c
, , .

P 8 4 1 1 are h er eunt o sub scrib ed in imi t ati on

.
, . .
,
of l ega l
p h ra seo l o gy .

ll 5 6 wit h t h e h a zar d at t h e r isk

.
,
.
, .

l 11 such th at such as ; see A b b 27 8 27 9 .

, .

—18 ar e f or p r om oting d es ir e seek to prom o te

. .
,
l

.
F o
, , ,

—19 c ol our p r eten c e

.

0 .
i .
,

d
fi 20 retainer s a dher en ts
.
, .

” 29 an d all th i s an d wo uld do all thi s

. , .
82 M I SCHI E FS O F PARTY SPI R I T .
17 1

1 3 2 Di o dor us Si cul us ,
. A gy r ium in a Greek his to r ia n ,
b o rn at

S ic fl y , a c o n t em p o r ar y o f Juliu s C a esar an d Au gu st u s , a ut ho r o f
Th e H istor i ca l L ibr a r y , a u n iv er sa l hi s t o ry , em b ra ci n g a p er i o d
fro m t h e ear li est m y thic a l ages do wn to t h e b egin n i n g o f C aesar s ’

Ga llic wars .

13 4 t h e i ch neumon
. . Egyp t ian c ar n ivo r o u s an im a l li t erally
,
an , ,
‘
th e t ra c k e r ,
’
fro m Gk ixvet ew t o tr a ck fro m it s tr a ck i n g o ut
.
, ,

th e eg gs o f t h e cr o co dil e which i t d evo u rs ; th o u gh Addi so n ,

den i es thi s .

P 8 5 ll 2 3 fi n d s
.
, . t urn s t h em t o an y advan t a ge ;
, .

acc ou nt in t hi s p hrase m ean s a r e c k o n i n g in o n e s fa vo u r ; a

“
’
,

s im il a r p hrase is t o t u rn a t hin g t o o n e s a cc o un t ’
.

l 11 Tart ars m o re p r o per l y T a ta r s Per s ia n T atar a T ar t ar

. .
, , ,

o r Sc y thi an t h e o r di n ar y sp e lli n g b e i n g a d o p t e d fr o m a f a l se
et ym o l o gy b e c a u s e t h e i r m ul t i t udes w er e su p p o sed t o hav e p ro
,

c ee ded f ro m T a r ta r us o r h e ll , .

1 14 o f c ours e a s a m at t er o f c o urse ; as a n ec essary c o n

. .
,

sequ en c e
“
.

1 21 c ontra c t s b eco mes i n fec t ed wi t h as w e sp eak o f c o n

. .
,

t ra c t in g a disea se .

1 22 Of a p oli ter c onver sat i on a ccu s to m ed t o m o r e r efin ed

. .
.

i n t er c o ur se so ci ety ; t h e o lder an d m o re li t er a l sen se o f c on

,

v ersat io n .

ll 23 4 even t o h ow even t o o r din ary so cia l c o ur t es i es such

.
,
.
, ,

as re t u r n i n g t h e salu t e o f t h o se o n e m eet s in t h e st r eet s o r in ,

a n o th er p erso n s h o use ; t h e b ow o r ben di n g o f t h e b o d

’

y as a ,

m ark o f r e c o gn i t i o n w as o f o ld u sed o f m en o n ly as t h e cur tsey , ,

(i e c o u r t esy ) w as o f wo m en
. . .

1 27 t ool s in fer io r a gen t s i n st rum en ts

. .
, , .

1 28 c o ck m at ch m a t ch b etwe en fi gh t in g c o ck s p itt e d aga i n st

. .
-
,
-

o n e a n o th er f o r a st a k e o f m o n ey ; a b ar b a ro u s p as t i m e w hich ,

lik e qu ail fi gh t in g w as m uch in dulged in by o ur fo r efa thers

-
, .

1 1 29 3 0 fil l s th e c ou n try
.
,
f ox h u n t er s i e t hi s p ar t y Sp i r i t is
.
-
, . .
-

c ar ri e d s o f ar th at t h e ga the rin gs o f r a cin g m en a n d hu n t i n g m en ,

w h ich p er i o dically assem bl e in c o un t ry l o cali t i es ar e m a de up o f ,

e i th e r W higs o n l y o r o f T o r i es o n l y t h e t w o fa c t i o n s n ev er
'

c o m b i n in g even in m ee ti n gs which ha ve t o do wi t h m a tter s o f

p h ys ic a l div er si o n .

1 3 2 q u art er s essi on s see n o t e o n p 6 l 29

. .
-
, .
, . .

l 3 6 P 8 6 l 1 th e l an ded in t er est t h e o n e b ein g a l an d

.
-
.
, . .
,

o w n er an d t h e o th er a m er ch a n t t h eir t h o u ght s an d p rep o s ses ,

s i o n s ar e s ev er all y i n cli n e d t u r n e d t o war ds t h e cl asses t o w hich

“
t hey b el o n g W e sp eak o f t h e l d d i n t eres t
. a n e
“ t h e m o n eye d
, ,

,
”

in t eres t et c m ean in g t h e class who se i n t er est is in l an d

,
”
.
, .

mOn ey, et c .
17 2 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

12
. . th at i t p ro ceeds r aill ery t hat i t n ever go es bey on d ,

a p l eas an t i n t er ch a n e o f b a n t er ; n ev er exc eed s t ho s e li m i t s

g
an d p a sses i n t o b i tt er n ess o r ab u se as is o ft en t h e c ase wi th ,

ea ger
p ar t iza n s .

l 6 f or t h e k eep in g int er est in o r der t o p reserve th a t h o ld

. .
,

which h e h a s up o n t h e feeli n gs an d p o lit ica l supp or t o f t ho se

a bo ut h im w h o ar e m o r e n a r r o w m i n d e d th an hi m self a n d
,
-
,

wh o se go o d o p in i on h e wo uld quick l y l o se if h e sho we d th e

slight es t in cli n a t i o n t o m o re li bera l o p in io n s .

I 8 b a it refresh o urselves an d o ur ho r ses ; t o ba it is t h e

. .
,

c ausa l o f t o bite .

11 11 2 w a s ag ain st
.
, . el ect i on did wha t h e c o uld at t h e l a s t ,

el e c t i o n t o
p r e ven t Sir R o g er s r et urn a s m em b er o f p ar li am en t
’

fo r t h e c o un t y .

11 12 3 b etray ed u s
.
, . c h eer o b li ge d u s t o p ut up wi t h h ar d ,

b ed s an d p o or fo o d f r o m o u r wa n t o f c au t i o n in i n q ui r in g as t o
,

t h e chara c t er o f t h e inn in r egar d t o t h ese p ar t icul ars .

ll 19 20 t ak e up with p ut up wi th m ak e n o obj e c t io n s to
.
, .
, , .

l 23 an h on est m an in o t h er wo r ds a supp o rt er o f t h e sam e

. .
,

p ar ty as hi m self .

1 26 th e b owling g reen t h e gr a ss p l o t l aw n o n which b o wl s

. .
-
,
-
, ,

ar e p l a y e d t h e gam e o f b o wl s w as o f o ld a m uc h m or e f av o u r i t e
p ast i m e than a t p resen t .

1 28 si de p o li t ic a l p ar ty
. .
, .

1 29 of a b ett er p resen c e o f a m or e gen t l em an l y ext er i o r

. .
, ,

app e ar an c e .

1 3 1 a very f ai r b ett or o n e w h o p aid h is b ets wi th o u t d em u r

. .
,

when h e l o st .

11 3 1 2 woul d t ak e h im up w o ul d m ak e a b et wi th h im w h en
.
, .
,

h e o ffere d t o l ay u p o n o n e p la yer o r sid e o r an o th er , , .

1 3 3 a di sag reeabl e vo t e a vo t e tha t did n o t p l ea se t hem

. .
, .

1 3 5 c orr esp on den c e i n t er c o ur s e c o m m un ic at io n

. .
, , .

P 8 7 1 4 n ob o dy k n ows wh er e i e fr o m al l m an n er o f n u
.
, . .
, . .

t r ust wo r thy so ur c e s .

1 5 st arin g so wi th in c r eduli ty
. .
, . .

ll 7 8 st op p ed sh ort dis course sudden ly br ok e t h e thr ea d

.
, .
,

o f h is di s c o u r se c a m e t o a n ab r up t cl o s e in h is n ar ra t ive
,
.

l 10 f an ati c m adm an ; p ar ticul a r l y in m a tters o f r eligio n ;

. .
,

a t er m app li e d in t h e l a tt er h a lf o f t h e sev en t ee n th c en t ur y t o
No n co n fo rmi st s a s a ho st il e ep i th et L a t f a n a ticus fro m f a n um .
, ,

a t em p l e H er e W ill s s u sp ici o n s a re as t o t h e S p e c tat o r s

’ ’
.

san i ty in p o li t ic a l m a tt er s .
17 4 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

1 3 2 in a c orn er , wh er e I
. . c ould h av e h er t o m yself .

1 3 5 exp osin g h l s p al m
. . th e ,
h o ldin g o u t h is h an d wi th
p a l m o f i t t ur n ed upw ar d s ; Gk wd h dpn] T h e sen se o f fl at . .

han d is t h e m or e o r ig in a l , t h e t r ee b ein g n am ed fr o m it s fl at
sp rea di n g l eav es which b ear s o m e resem b l an c e t o t h e han d sp r ea d
o ut Y et i t is r em a r k ab l e t h at t h e wo r d w as fi r st k n o w n in
.

En gl an d in t h e sen se o f p alm tree (S k eat, E ty -

.

P . l 4 lin e o f l i fe thi s lin e which is supp o sed to in dica t e

89 , . .
, ,

t h e l en gt h an d chara c t er o f t h e life o f a p er so n r un s in a cur v e ,

fro m t h e b all o f t h e forefin ger a cro ss th e wh o l e p a l m o r t abl e ’

o f t h e h an d .

1 5 an i dl e b ag g ag e a silly p i e c e o f go o ds a s w e al so say a ‘ ’
. .
, , ,

hu ssy bu t u sed go o d h u m o u redly -

.

1 14 r og u ish l eer wic k e d sm il e

. .
, .

I 16 f or n ot h ing wi tho u t its in dic a tin g a fasc in at in g ch ar a c t er

. .
,

un couth o dd stran ge T h e li t era l sen se is u n k n own fro m

, , .
‘
,
’

A S n u n o t an d cuis k n o wn p ast p ar t ici pl e o f c un na n t o

. .
, , , ,

k n o w : g ibb eri sh n o n s en s ic a l t al k ; f or m e d fr o m
g i bb er t o
‘ ’
, ,

gabb l e .

l 17 l ik e or acl e lik e t h e am bigu o u s t er m s in which a n

. .
,

o r acl e w as d e liv er e d .

1 24 j o cun d m er ry in high sp ir its

. .
, , .

l 28 p al mistry t h e so ca ll e d sci en ce o f rea din g th e d est in y o f

. .
,
-

a m an fro m t h e li n es in t h e p a l m o f h is h an d b u t h er e m ean i n g ,

s l e i gh t o f h an d verm in p ro p er l y such i n sect s as lice fl ea s etc , , , .

,

en gen d e r e d b y di r t an d t h en c e u se d o f a n y o b n o xi o u s c r eatu r e
, .

l 3 6 t rek sc h uyt fro m Du tr ekken to draw an d sch uy t b o a t ;

. .
, .
, , ,

t h e Dut c h sc h uy ts s t ill b r i n g ee l s fro m H o ll an d up t h e Tha m es

t o Lo n do n .

P 9 0 ll 1 2 p utt in g o ff s t ar t in g fr o m t h e wha rf
.
, .
, .
, .

l 9 sp eak r eadil y in w e n o w o m i t t h e p r ep o si t io n
. . ,
-
.

ll 16 7 g ave h im f or dr own ed assu m ed th a t h e h a d b een

.
, . ,

dr own ed w e sh o uld n o w say gave h im up fo r d ro wn ed , .

’

l 20 l ayi n g t og eth er c o m p ar in g
. .
, .

1 3 1 our ling u i st t h e b o y wh o w as so sk ill e d in v ar io u s

. .
,

l an gu ages .

P 9 1 l 2 with g r eat r ep ut ati on exp ress i n g t h e resul t o f h is

.
, . .
,

b ei n g so e m p l o y ed .

C O U NT R Y S O PI N ION OF T HE SPE CTATO R No 13 1

’
. . .

P .
91 1
1 8, 9 . . t o p r es er ve t h e g a m e, h er e t o sp are t h e ga m e ,
.

t o sh o o t i t
no t un t il h e c an fi n d n o o ther gam e t o sho o t B u t a .

man is sa id t o p r eserve gam e when h e p ro t e c t s i t fro m be i n g

‘ ’
88 CO U NT R Y S O PI N I ON OF SPECTATOR ’
.
17 5

d estro yed ei th er by its eggs b e in g t ak en o r its b ein g k ill e d when

,

y o u n g by w easel s et c an d a ll o w s n o o n e b u t hi m se lf a n d h is
, .
,

fri en ds to sho o t i t when o f full age .

1 12 b eat s ab out so wi t h t h e h el p o f do gs t o p ut up t h e
. .
, .

gam e .

1
1 14, 5 . ure o f fin din g wors t su r e o f p l en ty o f spo r t wh en
. s ,

t h e fi elds h e h a s al r eady b ea t en ar e dr a wn b l an k wh en t h er e is ,

n o ho p e o f a n y
gam e b ei n g p ut up in tha t di rec t i o n .

11 17 8 i s t h e h ar der
.
, at
. c an o n l y b e fo u n d in s m a ll ,

qu an t i t i es an d wi t h m uch diffic ul ty .

l . 20 .
p r ey s , seek s h is p rey .

l . 24 . s p ort sm en sp e cies , i . e . essay s s i t wh o h av e to di sco ver

s ubj ec t s f o r t he ir w r i t in g ,

1 25. . h un t ed c arry in g ,
on th e sam e m e t ap h o r s , as
a
ga i n in s p r in g, ,
”
p ut up fo il ”
,
”
p uzzl e ,
”
c t et c
s en ,
”
.

11 25, 6 h un t ed t h em do wn ,
. . ru n th em d o w n ,
b r o ugh t t h em t o
a succ ess ful t er m i n a t i o n , i ssu e .

1 28. . s p ri ng any t h ing st ar t an y sub j ec t f o r m y p ursui t

, .

l 29 f ol l owing
. . one ch ara ct er
one p ur suin g t h e s t udy o f ,

chara c t er .

ll 29 3 0 it i s t en cr ossed i t is lo n g o dds in favo ur o f m y

.
, .
,

a tt en t i o n b e i n g div er t e d ; in cr o s s ed t h e m et ap h o r is sp e ci a ll y
fro m fo x hun t in g wh e re a seco n d fo x o ft en c ro sse s t h e l in e t ak en
-
,

by t h e f o x an d so di s t r a c t s t h e h o un d s b y a fr esh s c en t .

l 3 1 P 9 2 l l foil t h e s c en t m ak e i t di fficul t to fo ll ow th e
.
-
.
, . .
,

sc en t b y c o n fu si n g o n e wi t h t h e o t h er .

11 13 . M y g r eat est
. i t m y gr eat es t difii c ul ty in t h e o n e c a se ,

is t o fi n d an y s ub j e c t a t a ll o n which t o w r i t e in t h e o t h er t o ,

sel e c t o n e fr o m t h e m a n y tha t p r e s en t t hem s elv es .

11 3 5 a s I h ave g iven
.
-
. West m in st er as dur in g t h e m o n t h ,

I h av e sp en t h ere I h av e wr i tt en n o thin g o n sub j e c t s c o n n ec t e d

wi t h Lo n do n an d W est m in st er h e sp ea k s as t ho ugh L on don an d
W es tm in st er w er e c o ver t s tha t h e h ad n o t drawn fo r gam e dur in g
t h e p a st m o n t h .

1 14 Will Wimbl e,
. . see E ssay N o . 10 8 .

1 17 k ill ed
. . duel a m an , so . in a .

l 19 will n eed s h ave it p er si st in decl ar in g

. .
,
.

l 20 a cun n in g m an an exp er t in t h e t rea t m en t o f wi t ch es

. .
,
.

l 22 ch ar m s in c an t a t io n s sp ell s ; lit er ally th in gs sun g

. .
, , ,

wh i ch I g o un d er whi c h I b ear , .

11 a W h it e Wi t ch wi t che s w e r e divid e d o f o l d i n to b l a c k
.
,

an d whi t e evil an d
go o d ; t h o se t ha t w o r k e d m i schi ef t o th e
,
17 6 N OTE S .
[P A G ES

b o di es of m en an d b east s , tho se w h o u sed th ei r p o wer s t o re

an d
veal p r even t o r
, , re m o v e, such m i s ch i ef .

l 26 n ot o f Sir R og er s p ar ty a p o li t ic a l o pp on en t o f Sir
’
. .
,

R oger .

.I 27 wi sh es h o p es ; t hi s is t h e o u t war d ex p r ess i o n o f h is
.
,

feel in gs whil e in war dly h e fe el s pr ett y s ur e that Sir R o ger s

,
’

gu es t is a J e sui t a n d r ej o ic es a t t h e idea o f c on vic t in g h is

,

o p o n en t o f
p givin g sh el t er t o such an o dio u s c rea t ur e Th e m em .

b er s o f t h e S o ci ety o f J esu s fo u n ded by Ign at ius Lo yo l a in 15 3 4 , ,

wer e o f al l p r i ests o f th e Chur ch o f R o m e t h e m o st o bn o x i o u s t o

E n g li sh Pro t est an t s They w ere o r dered b y p ar liam en t t o b e ex
.

p el l e d fro m E n gl an d in 15 7 9 15 8 1 15 8 6 an d 160 2 an d an y o n e , , , ,

harb o ur in g t hem w as li abl e t o h eavy p en al t i es .

ll 28 9 t h e g entl em en of t h e country t h e c o un try gen t l em en

.
, .
,

o f t h e n ei ghb o u r h o o d .

.l 3 0 g ive . sa y w h o an d wh at I am p ro v e t hat I am ,

a r e sp e c t ab l e p ers o n .

1 1 3 3 4 c onver ses v ery p r omi s cuou sl y asso ci at es wi th al l

.
, .
,

k in ds an d cl asses o f p erso n s ; c onverses in t h e o ld er a n d m o r e ,

l i t era l sen se o f t h e w o r d .

l 3 5 som e di scar ded Wh i g som e W hi g who m h is o wn p arty

h as
.

t h w id
.

w i ll l m l “ Addi so n say s
,
”

S alm o n
r o
“n as e n o o n g er e
w as li t er all y a di s c ar de d W hi g
,
p yo ,

His p ar ty h ad b een .
.
,

dr iven fr o m o ffic e t h e y ear b efo re an d h e h ad him self l o s t a p l ac e ,

wo r t h l a y ear T o disc a r d is a t erm in g a m es at c ar ds

. .
”

fo r t hr o win g away a c ar d th at is o f li tt l e o r n o u se t o t h e han d , .

.1 3 6 o ut of p l a c e p r o bab l y wi th a do ub l e sen se (1) n o t am id

.
, ,

so ci e ty t o h is l i k i n g (2) o ut o f o ffici a l em p l o y m en t , .

P 9 3 ll 2 3
. a di saf f ect ed p erson
,
.
, o n e n o t w ell affec t ed
.
,

t o war ds t h e so v er e ign .

ll 6 7 b ecau se n oise b ecau se I do n o t fo ll o w th e m an n er s

.
,
.
,

an d cu st o m s o f t h e o r din ary c o un t r y gen t l em an .

ll 10 1 th at I d o
.
, .n oth in g t ha t m y sil en c e is du e t o ,

so m e v er y su sp ici o u s c a u se .

.1 14 t emp er di sp o si t i o n hab i t o f m in d
.
, , .

.1 15 g oo d n eig h b our h ood so ci ab ili ty o f a so m ewh at b o i stero u s

.
,

ch ar a c t er .

.1 17 b reak s . h im sudd en l y fo r c es h is c o m p an y u p o n h im , .

.1 18 every ch an c e c om er ev ery o n e th at m ay chan c e t o p ay

.
-
,

h im a vi si t ho wev er s li gh t an a c q u a in t an c e h e m ay b e
,
.

1 1 18 9 wil l b e
.
,
t im e is d et er m in e d to o ccupy h is t im e a s h e
.
,

cho o ses .

.l 20 m ak es . lif e is th o ugh t a v ery un so ci ab l e fell o w by m en

,
17 8 NOT E S .
[ P A G ES

th ei r a c qu ain t an c e du r i n g th e j o u r n ey , an d, if po ssib l e , of gett in g

in t o t h e g o o d gra c es o f t h e h e i r es s .

ll 3 .
, umb so th e Sp ect ato r hi m self wh o se
4 . a g en t l em an d , .
,

r et ic en c e h a s s o o f t en b een c o nf e ssed a n d w h o w o uld n at u r a ll

y ,

have go t th e r ep u t at i o n am o n g th e c o un t ry fo l k o f b ein g dum b .

ll 5 6 t h at a cc or ding i n t el li g en ce t hat as w as n at ura l in

.
, .
, ,

a m an li k e him self w h o w as a lw a y s c o m in g in c o n t ac t wi th a ,

n u m b er o f p eo p l e o f all so r t s h e p ick e d up a g o o d d ea l o f n ew s ,

o n v ar i o u s t o p ic s an d a l so c o n v ey e d a
g o o d d ea l t o o t h er s d eal t
in t r a ffic k e d in g ivi n g an d r e c eivin g
, , .

l 9 call ed r o u sed fr o m sl eep

. .
, .

1 14 h al f p ik e t h e p ik e w as a k i n d o f l an c e an d t h e h al f p ik e
. .
, , ,

a sh o r t en ed fo r m o f t h e sam e w eap o n w as o f o ld c arr i ed b y ,

i n fan try o ffic er s .

1 16 equi p ag e ret in u e m o r e u sua lly o f m a ter i a l apparatu s

. .
,

wa s ver y l oud t h at et c l o udl y a u t ho r i t at ivel y d eman ded that , .

, , , ,

et c .

1 18 cl ok e b ag p or tm an t eau , as w e sh o uld n o w say

. .
-
in ,

c o m m o n u se in E liz ab et han E n g li sh , an d app li e d t o F a l st aff

(i H 1V ii 4 49 7 , t h at st ufl ed cl oa k ba g o f gu t s
. . . . in o n e o f
.
“ -

t ho s e un savo ury s im il es wi th which h e r epro ached t h e Pr i n c e

th t app aren t l y h ere t h e w ell o f t h e c o a ch as w e sho uld
e s ea ,
”
,

n o w c a ll i t un d ern ea th t h e f eet o f t h e in s id e p assen gers

, .

l 2 1 t o l ook sh ar p t o t ak e go o d c are
. .
, .

1 22 t h e p l ac e
. c oac h b ox t h e m o s t c o m fo r t ab l e p l a c e in a
.
-
,

c o a ch th e m o t io n b ein g l ess fel t ther e than wh en s i tt in g b ack t o

,

t h e h o r s es an d so n earer t o t h em .

1 24 n ot t oo g o o d n at u red n o t o ver b u r d en ed wi th g o o d
. .
-
,
-

n at ur e wi t h n o sup er ab u n da n c e o f k i n dl y fee lin g in th ei r n a t ur e

, .

1 26 j umb l ed
. f amil i ari t y o b li g e d u s by b ei ng t hro wn i n t o
.
,

s uch cl o se c o n t a c t t o b eh av e wi th a c er ta i n a m o u n t o f fr i en dl in ess .

T o j umble is t o m ix t o g et h er c o n fu sedl y t o j o l t o r sh a k e ab o u t ,

t o g eth er ; in a s im il ar fi g ur a tive sen se w e sp eak o f m a tt er s

sh a k i n g d o wn i e g ra du a lly c o m in g t o a m o re p ea c eful m o r e
, . .
,

h a rm o n i o u s s t a t e , .

l 3 4 p l ain o u t sp o k en
. .
, .

P .1 a s ol di er o f f ort u n e is in c o mm o n u se a so ldi er
.
, ,

w h o i s r ea dy t o ser ve u n der an y fl ag so l o n g as h e c an b en efi t
hi m self b y s o do in g ; b u t h er e t her e is a v eil ed allusi o n t o t h e
fo r tun e o f th e h ei r ess vain c o n c ei t ed aff ec t ed , , .

1 3 I h ad
. it t h er e w a s n o t hi n g l eft f or m e t o do af t er
.
, ,

thi s r ude sp e ech o f t h e o ffic er b u t to p r eten d t o fa ll fast asl eep , ,

i e a l l c o n v er sa t i o n w a s r en der e d s o i mp ossi b l e b y thi s r u de

. .

sp e ech t h a t I w as q ui t e a t a l o ss wh a t t o d o an d t h o ught i t b es t
, ,

t o affe c t t o sl eep a n d so ap p ea r un c o n sci o u s o f t h e u n p l easan t

95 , A SCENE I N A STA GE COACH .
17 9

t
s a te o f a ffairs an d o f an
y fu r ther rem a r k s th e of ficers m i gh t
m ak e .

1 7
. . b ri dem an , b est m a n , as w e n o w say ; t h e fr i en d wh o
t
s an ds in t h e sa m e r el a t i o n t o t h e b r idegro o m a s t h e b r idesma ids
to th e b r ide , t h e a ssi st an c e ren d er e d in b o t h c ases bei n g o f a
p urely fo rm a l t al char ac ter a n d o r n a m en .

1 9 wh at i s wh at i e t h e fi tn es s o f t hi ng s wha t t h e o cc asio n
. .
, . .

r e quir es From t w o o f t h e ab sur d quest i o n s ask ed in o ld

.

sy st em s o f l o g ic Qu id es t ? ( W h a t i s a n
, d Q
‘
u id est q u id ? ’ ‘ ‘ ’

W hat is wh at w e h ave th e n o un quiddity (ess en c e) a n d th e

p hrase t o k n o w wh a t s wh at (S al m o n )
’
.

1 10 sh all g ive
. . f a th er sha ll ac t t h e p ar t o f fa t h er in ,

givi n g t h e b rid e away A t t h e m ar r iage c er em o n y o f th e E n glish

Chur ch in a n sw er t o t h e qu est i o n p ut b y t h e p ri est
,
“ .

Wh o ,

g iv eth t hi s w o m a n in m ar r i a ge ? t h e fat h er o r in h is ab sen c e

”
,

s o m e p er s o n ch o sen t o a c t f o r h im an sw ers I do , .
”

1 11 smart n ess r eady wi t

. .
,
.

ll 11 2 I t ak e p ar t I a m o b liged t o yo u fo r th e c o mp li
.
, .
,

m en t yo u h ave p a id m e .

1 12 t h ou h a st in t h e Qu ak er m an n er o f sp eech t h e sec o n d
. .
, ,

p er so n sin g ul ar is a lwa ys u se d in a ddr essi n g a p er so n as b e i n g ,

m o r e litera ll y in a cc or dan c e wi t h t r u t h t h an t h e p lur a l yo u .

1 14 if I h ave h er if i t r est s wi th m e t o g ive h er in m ar r i age

“
. .
, .

ll 16 7 t h y dr um emp ty c p H V iv 4 7 0 3
.
, . I n ever ,
. . . . .
-
,

did k n o w so full a vo ic e i ssu e fr o m so em pty a hear t ; b ut t h e

s a y in g is t r u e Th e e m p ty vessel m a k es t h e g r eat er so un d
,

L ea r i l 156 7
, N o r ar e t ho se em p ty hear t ed who se l o w so u n d
. .
, ,
-

R everb s n o h o l l o wn ess an d L yl y s E up h u es T h e em p t ie
’
,

vessel givet h a grea t er so un d t han t h e full b arr el .

1 20 t h e g r eat city so L on do n
. .
, . .

1 2 1 w e ca nnot
. . w e c a n n o t in o r d er t o p l ease y o u w h o , ,

are o n l y o n e o f t h e p ar t n e r s t o t h e hi re o f t hi s c oa ch t u rn o ut o f ,

o ur w ay a n d g o t o t h e n ear es t t o wn as y o u p ro p ose .

1 25 t h y c our ag eou s c oun t en an c e th e b o ldn ess which is

. .
,

n a t u r a l t o y o u as a so ldi er .

l 26 ch il dr en o f p eac e wi th n o n e o f y o u r m art ia l c o u rage

. .
, .

l 27 g ive q uar ter t o u s b e m er ciful t o us

. .
, .

1 28 fi eer j eer sp eak t aun t i n gl y

. .
, , .

ll 29 3 0 wh at h e c on t ain eth wha t tho ught s h e h ad in h is

.
,
.
,

m i n d t ho ugh h e refra in ed fr o m u tt er i n g t h em .

1 3 4 h a sp ed up shu t up fas t en e d so tha t w e c an n o t g et o u t

. .
, ,

n o t li t era ll y b u t in t h e s en s e tha t i t w a s i m p o ssi b l e t o ge t r id o f

,

h i§ c o m p an y e xc ep t b y di s c o n t in uin g t h e i r j o u r n ey a n d b e i n g set
do wn o n th e hi gh r o a d wi th o u t an y m ea n s o f p ro c eed in g o n t h e ir
18 0 NOT E S .
[ P A G ES

Wa y ; h asp ed, a v erb fo rm ed fro m th e s ubstan t ive h a sp , a cl asp ,

a b o l t , a b ar .

1
1 3 4, 5 i s in
. . li ttl e b ett er than th e
som e d eg r ee road , is
beha vi o ur o f a hi ghway r o bb er ; differs o n l y in degree fro m a n
assaul t o n t h e p u b lic r o a d a c rim in a l o ffen c e , .

l 3 6 h app y felici t o u s w ell t i m ed in its j o c ul a r i ty

. .
, ,
-
.

P 9 7 ll 1 2 wh i ch can
.
, . tim e which t ho u gh fo un d guilty
, .
,

is n o t a b a s h e d .

l 2 Faith her e an d thro ugho u t h is sp eech t h e c apt ain wi th

. .
,

m er ry i m p ud en c e m i m ic s t h e Qu ak er s p h r a seo l o gy
’
.

ll 4 5 a smok y o l d f el l ow an equival en t in th e sl a n g o f t h e day

” “
.
, .
,

t o s uch m o der sl o n e u p t o sn uff a do w n y o l d c o v e

“A n o ld sm o k er in fo rm er day s w a s o n e w h o w a s well ex
n a n g as
,
”
,
, .

p er ien c ed in a ny m a tt e rs T h e verb t o smoke a s a sl a n g t er m

w as u sed in t h e sen se o f t o d etec t e g A W iv 1 3 0 “ they
.

, . . . .
,

. .
,
,

”
b eg in t o smoke m e an d a l so f o r t o m a ke f un of o r a bu se
, See ,
.

p 10 9 l 15
.
, . .

l 9 w as so f ar ruffl e w as so f ar fro m b ein g ser io u sl y dis

. .
,

t u rb e d by t hi s li tt l e b reez e ; t h e w a t er s w er e r uffl e d b ut o n l y ,

r uffl e d : t h e in cid en t w as b ut a s t o r m in a sa uc er .

ll 11 2 t h eir differen t c omp an y ea ch h is o wn fu n c t io n in

.
, .
,

p ro vidi n g fo r t h e c o m fo r t o f t h e p ar ty .

1 1 12 3
. Our r eck oni ng s
, . a cc o mm o dat io n so wh en th ey , .

s t o pp e d t o b a i t a t a n in n .

1 16 t aki ng p l ac e t ak in g th e b est t h e m iddl e o f t h e ro adway

. .
, , , ,

a n d c o m p e llin g th o se who m t h ey m et t o w a i t t ill th ey h a d p a sse d .

1 18 en ter tai n a ffo r d am usem en t b e o f in t ere s t

. .
, , .

1 3 0 a rig h t in war d man a r ea ll y fi n e chara c t er

. .
, .

1 3 4 k n owing w e ll v er s ed sk ill ed
. .
, , .

P 9 8 l 4 m o des fashi o n s o f d ress

.
,
. .
, .

1 7 afl ecti on s feeli n gs disp o si t io n s

'

.
. .
, ,

SIR R O GER I N TO W N . N o 269 . .

P . wal k s o r Gr ay s I n n Gar den s w ere pl an ted

23 . Gr ay inn
’
s -
,
’
,

by L o r d B a c o n T r easur er o f Gr ay s I n n in 159 7 They

, w h o w as
’
, .
1

wer e a fashi o n ab l e p r o m en ad e o f Char l es t h e S eco n d s t im e ’

.

Pepy s w ri t in g in M ay 1662 says W h en chu r ch w as don e m y

, , , ,

wife an d I wa l k e d t o Gra y s In n e t o o b ser ve th e fashi on s o f t h e ’

,

l a di es b ec au se o f m y wife m ak in g so m e cl o t hes La mb E ssay s ”

,

o f E li a O n som e of th e o ld A to
,
c r s wr i tes “ I am ill a t dat es , ,
.
,

b u t I thi n k i t is n o w b ett er th an fi ve a n d twen ty y ears a go th a t - -

,

wa l k i n g in t h e gar den s o f Gray s I nn they are s t ill t h e b es t ’

18 2 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

1 20 ma de p reach ed
. .
, ; th e p hr a s e t o “m ak e a ser m o n
”
bein g
use d fo r t o pr ea ch s ee p . 14, 1 5 . .

l 22 b ein g wil lin g

. . h im , wi shin g t o give h im s o m ethi n g t o
do f o r m e in m y ab sen c e so m e c o mm i ss i o n which h e w o uld feel
a
p l easur e in e x e cu t in g .

l 23 m ark s A m a rk w as
. . . a s um o f m o n ey 13 8 4d
. .

1
. wat ch p o ck et o r sm a ll p o ck e t in th e b r eech es
f ob , -
, .

l 27 a t ob acc o stop p er a s m all p lug fo r pr essin g d own t o b a cc o

. .
,

in a p ip e when p a r t o f t h e t o b a cc o h as b een s m o k e d an d t h e r est

requi r es t o b e t i ht en e d in o r d er t h a t t h e
g p ip e m ay dra w w ell .

1 29 turnin g so in a t u rn i n g l a th e
. .
, . .

l 3 1 wh o h as g oo d sm ok es sp eak in g as th o ugh th e tw o
. .
,

thin gs w er e a lm o st syn o n y m o us .

ll 3 2 3 Tom T ouch y see p 7 1 l 15 : h ad t ak en h im h ad

.
, .
, .
, .
,

p r o secut e d h im .

11 3 3 4 s ome h a z el sti ck s f o r s hap in g i n to wa lk i n g st ick s

.
, .
, ,

et c . C p p 20 l 9 . .
, . .

P 10 0 ll 3 4 B ut f or my p ar t
.
, . Th e r e m ar k i n di c at es
, .

t h e k n igh t s d o ub t o n t h e s ub j e c t a d o ub t whic h h e d o es n o t
’
,

lik e t o a dm i t b ut which is eviden t l y in h is m in d , .

1 8 k eep s o p en h ou se is r ea dy to r ec eiv e an y o n e as a
. .
,

g uest .

11 9 11 h a d d eal t
.
-
n ei g h b ou r s h a d di s t r i b u t e d chi n es s id es
.
, , ,

of
p o r k w i t h gr ea t lib er a li t y e t c T h e chi n e is p r o p er ly t h e , .

sp in e b a c k b o n e
,
-
.

ll 11 2 h og s p u d din g s l arge sa u sage sh ap ed bags o f m in ced

.
, .
’
-
,
-

p o rk .

1 15
. dr eary wi th n o life in i t
. d ea d , , .

1 18 t o su p p ort t h em t o m ak e life t o l er ab l e
. .
, .

ll 18 9 t o r ej oic e t o gl a dden
.
, .
, .

ll 20 1 a doubl e m al t in o r de r t o m a k e i t st r o n ger small

.
, .
,

b eer t hi n w ea k b eer in c o n t ras t wi t h a l e

, , , .

1 21 s et it a run n in g a ll o w i t t o b e free l y dr aw n ; a h er e = o n
. .
,

see A bb § 24 tw el v e d ay s i e fr o m Ch r i st m a s Day t ill th e

.
,
. .

6th o f J a n uar y t w e lft h day when th e Chr i s t m a s fe st ivi t i es c am e

,
-
,

to a n en d.

1 23 p ie m a d e o f m i n c e m e at , i e o f m ea t
a min c e p ie, a
- -
. . . .

m in c e d wi th r a isi n s , c an di ed p eel , sp ic es , e t c , a n d b a k e d Th e -
. .

m o d ern cus t o m is r a t her t o h ave a n u m b er o f s m a ll r o un d p i es o f

this k in d in a di sh here Sir R o g er s m in c e p ie is a si n gl e la rge
’
-

o n e fr o m which h is gu e st s c an h e l p t h em se lv es a s t h ey l ik e

“Thi
.

1
1 25 , 6
. . sm utt in g on e a n o h er t . sis p ro b a b ly an a llu si o n
w ch fa c e ea ch o t h er at so me li tt l e
to an o l d g am e in hi t w o p er so n s
 ’

S I R R OGE R I N TO W N .
18 3

dist an c e each ho ldin g a p la t e b efo r e h im T h e p er son o n wh o m

,
.

t h e t r ic k is t o b e p l a y ed b e in g t o ld t o i m i t a t e t h e o th er in d o in g , ,

so i n n o c en t l y r u b s h is fi n g er fi r s t o n t h e b o tt o m o f h is p l a t e ,

(p revi o u sly b l ac k en ed by b ein g held o ver a c an dl e ) which b ein g ,

turn ed fro m h im h e c an n o t see an d th en o n h is fa c e Aft e r so m e ,

.

t i m e h e is sh o wn a l o o k in g gl ass an d fi n ds t h at h e h as tran sferr ed -

,

s o o t fro m t h e p l at e t o h is fa c e (F E W il c ro ft ) . . .

l 3 0 wh i ch carri ed it which so cl ear ly sh o we d t h e go o dn ess

. .
,

o f h is n at ur e

“
.

11 3 1 2 t h e l at e ac t
.
, Eng l an d
. Th e Occ a s i o n a l C o n fo r m i ty .

B ill which aft er b ei n g r ej ec t ed in 17 0 3 by t h e W hi g Ho u se o f

, ,

Lo rd s w as p a ssed in 17 10 wh en t h e T o r i es w er e sup r em e un der

,

Harl ey an d S t Jo hn B y t h e T es t Ac t o f 167 3 n o o n e c o uld ho ld

. .
,

a civil m ili t ar y o r m a gi st er i a l o ffi c e wi t ho u t r e c eivin g t h e sa c r a

, ,

m en t a cc o rdi n g t o t h e A n g lic an r i t e M an y di ssen t er s h ad .

c o m pli ed fo rm a lly wi th t h e Ac t in o r der t o b e ab l e t o ho ld

o ffic e Th e Occ a si o n a l C o n f o rm i ty B ill en a c t ed t h at a n y o n e
.
,

w h o af t er t ak i n g t h e sac ram en t a tt en de d a r e ligi o u s m ee t in g

, ,

o f di ss en t ers sho uld l o se h is a pp o in tm en t an d p ay a h eavy

'

fin e (F E W il c ro ft )
. . .

ll
3 5, 6 t o eat
.
pl um p orri dg e, a thi n g h e w o uld n ever h ave
.
-

do n e b ut fo r thi s Ac t h e t hu s sho win g h is willin gn ess t o c o n fo r m

t o Ch r i st m as c er em o n i es which by di s sen t er s wer e r egar de d wi t h
a bho rr en c e Pl um -p o r r idge, o r p lum b r o th , w as a so r t o f so up
.
-

m a de o f m ea t s t ewe d wi t h r a i s i n s , S p ic es, et c Needham , H ist . .

of th e R ebell io n q u o t e d by B r an d , P op ula r A n tiquities,

l am en t s t h e dec ay o f Chr i stm as fest ivi t i es in lin es b eg in n in g ,
A ll p l ums t h e Pro ph et s so n s defy , A n d sp ic e br o th s are t o o h o t
’
-

T r easo n s in a D ecem ber p ye, A n d d ea th wi thin t h e p ot

’
-
”
.

P . 1 di s p at ch ed
10 1, m a tt ers , di s cu sse d al l t h e t o p ic s o f
l . .

i n t eres t c on n e c te d wit h Sir Ro ger s h o u se affai rs

’
.

1 3 h i s ol d an t ag oni st , so in p o l i t ic a l m att er s : s ee E ssay 2,

. . .

p 7 , 1 28
. . .

ll 7 8 g ath erin g seriousn ess p utt in g o n a l o ok o f e x trem e

.
, .
,

ser i o u sn ess .

l 9 in th e p o p e s p r oc essi on
. . T h e b u rn i n g a P o p e in effi gy
’
.

w as a c er em o n y p er fo r m e d u p o n t h e a n n iv er sar y o f Q u een
Elizab eth s c o r o n at i o n (N o vem b er 17 th ) W hen p art i es ran high
’
.

b etwix t t h e c o u r t i er s an d o p p os i t i o n in t h e l att er p ar t o f Ch ar l es ,

t h e S e c o n d s r ei gn t hese an t i p ap a l so l em n i t i e s w er e c o n duc t ed
’
, -
,

by t h e l a tt er wi th g rea t st at e a n d ex p en se a n d em pl o y ed as ,

e n i n es t o e xci t e t h e
g p o p ul ar r esen t m en t a ga i n st t h e Du k e o f
Y o rk an d h is relig io n (n o t e by Sco tt o n t h e l as t li n e o f t h e ”

ep il o gu e t o D r y d en s O edip us t h e n o te o i n
g o n t o g ive t h e d et a il s
’

g ,

o f th e
p r o ce ssi o n in 167 9 a n d b ein g fo ll o w ed b y a fa c si m il e o f
, ,

an o l d p ic t u r e o f t h e c e r e m o n ) S ir A n drew s t a k i ng p ar t in
’
y .
18 4 NOTES .
[ P A G ES

th e p ro c essi o n , if h e h a d do n e so wo uld have been a dem o ns trat io n ,

o f h is W hi g p r in ci p l es .

1 11 war y c au t i o u s ; u n willin g t o say an y thin g that wo uld

. .
,

sh o w h is fe e l in gs o n p o li t ic a l m a tt er s .

1 14 a st an d a p l a c e s t at io n in o n e o f t h e street s thro ugh

. .
, , ,

which Eug en e wo ul d ha ve to p ass in h is t r i umpha l pro gr ess

thro ugh t h e ci ty o f Lo n do n .

1 1 16 7 wh o se p resen c e
.
, . Eugen e havin g c o m e t o E n g
l a n d t o p ers ua de t h e go v ern m en t t o m ain t ain t h e E u ro p ea n
a llian c e a a i n st F r an c e thus sho win g h is great r espect fo r t h e
g ,

p o wer o f E n g l an d .

1 20 B ak er s Ch r oni cl e Sir Rich ar d B ak er (1558 1645 ) w a s

’
-
. .
,

au t ho r am o n g o ther wo r k s o f a Chro n icl e o f th e k in gs o f

E n gl an d fr o m t h e t i m e o f t h e R o m an s g o v ern m en t un t o t h e d eat h
’

o f Ki n g Ja m es 1643 ,
.

11 2 1 2 wh i ch very much p rin c e n o t th at B ak er s Chro n icl e

’
. .
, , ,

which o n l y go es do wn t o t h e dea t h o f Jam es I h a d an y m en ti o n

o f P r i n c e E u g en e b u t th a t o b ser v a t io n s in 1t an d t h e o t h er
,
‘

a utho r s m a d e u p o n p ri n c es who se a c t s ar e t h er ein eul o g ized

’
, ,

w ere app lied by Sir R o ger t o thi s p r in c e .

l 26 a dish a wo r d th en an d fo r so m e t im e l a ter u sed fo r

. .

wh at w e sho uld n ow c all a c up : S q uir e s

,
“ a c o ff ee h o u se
‘ ’ ’
,
-

s i t u at e d o n t h e w e s t s id e o f t h e g at e o f Gr ay s I nn
”
(F E
’
-
. .

W il c r o ft ) .

28 , 9 wait ed on h im t o , a tt en d ed h im t o , a cc o m p an i ed h im
ll . .

to t h e p hr a se sho wi n g h is def er en c e t o t h e kn i gh t .

l 3 1 t h e h i g h t ab l e, t h e t a bl e r es er v ed fo r p erso n s o f dis
. .

t in c t io n .

l 3 2 a cl ean .
p i p e, a n ew cl a y p ip e .

13 3
. . t h e S upp l em ent , a n ew s
p a p er of t h e day .

l 3 4 b oy s, at t en da n t s
. . .

P 10 2 , l 1 c oul d c om e
. . . at , c o uld get br o u gh t t o th em .

12
. . h i s c onveni en ci es,
al l a ll t h a t h e r eq ui re d t o m ak e h im
se lf co m for tab l e .

VI S I T TO W E ST M I NSTER A BB EY . No . 3 29 .

P . 10 2 , l . 7 my p ap er ,
. so . N o 26 o f t h e Sp ec ta tor
. .

l. 15 Bak er
.
’
s Ch r oni cl e, see n o e , t p . 10 1, l . 20 .

l. 16 . S ir A n dr ew Fr eep or t , see E ssay N o 2 . .

1 19
. . un d er h i s b u t l er s h an d s b ein g S hav ed by h is bu t l er
’
, .

Widow Tr ub y s wa t er a c or dia l o r s p ecific aga ins t

’
, in
fec tio n .
18 6 NOT E S .
[ P A G ES

m on um en t t o Sir P al m er Fairh o r n e in th e so u th a i sl e of t h e ,

n av e wi th an ep i t ap h b y Dr y den in which h e is descr ib ed as

,

drawin g h is w ell fl esh ed swo r d aga in st t h e Mo o rs He n ever -

.

a c t u a ll y cu t o ff t h e Ki n g o f Mo r o cc o s h ea d b u t w as f o r so m e
’

y ea rs go ver n o r o f T a n g i er s an d o f t en fough t aga in s t h is ,

m aj esty I n t h e D ic tio n a r y of N a tio n a l B iogr ap h y i t is s t at ed

.

t hat a T urk s h ead w a s i n cl uded in h is arm s an d this m ay

’
,

a cc o u n t f o r Addi so n s e xp ress i o n S a lm on h o wever say s th a t

“
’

th e “
l o r d w as Sir B ern ar d B ro c as w h o di ed in 13 9 6 His
”
.

,
, ,

h ead r ests o n a h elm et su rro un de d by a c rest a c ro w n ed Mo o r s ,

’

h ead when c e d o ub t l ess o r i gin at e d t h e st ory o f Sir R oger

, ,
”
, .

1 1 15 6 th e st at esman Cecil C e cil L o r d B ur l eigh S ec r et ar y o f

.
, .
, , ,

S tate in th e r ei gn o f Edw ar d t h e Six th b u t m o r e p r o m in en t ly ,

k n o wn as L o r d H igh T reasur er in t h a t o f Eliz a b eth .

1 1 18 9 th at
.
,
t h e fi gur e sho w n a s thi s
.

m ar t y r w a s tha t o f E l izab e th d a u gh t er o f Jo hn L o r d R u ssell , , ,

sec o n d so n o f t h e sec o n d ear l o f t ha t n am e o ur in t erp r et er t h e ,

‘
hi st o r i an o f l 11 i e t h e verger ’
.
, . . .

1 25 c or onation ch air s t h e ear li er o f th ese t w o ch ai rs is that

. .
,

in which all t h e k i n g s o f E n gl an d si n c e E dwar d t h e Fir st h av e , ,

b een c ro wn e d ; t h e l at er o n e w as m a de f or t h e c oro n a t i o n o f
M ary W ife o f W illi am t h e Thir d
, .

ll 26 7 th e st on e
.
, thi s is t h e sacred st o n e o r igin all y
.
,

a t Sc o n e in Sc o t l a n d o n wh ich t h e Sc o t ch k i n g s w ere c r o wn e d ,
.

E dwar d t h e Fi rst af t er d ef eat i n g B a li o l in 1296 br o ught i t t o , ,

E n gl an d an d i t w as sub sequ en t l y in ser t ed in an o ak chair which

, ,

h as ev er sin c e b een u se d f o r t h e so ver ei gn s c o ro n at i o n

’
.

l 28 Jac ob s Pill ow t h e p ill ar er ec t ed by Ja cob a t B ethel

. .
’
, ,

con si st i n g o f t h e st o n e which h e h ad u sed f o r a p ill o w o n th e

n igh t in whic h Go d a pp ear e d t o h im in a d ream a n d fo r et o ld t h e
futu r e gr eatn ess o f h is ra c e see Gen esis xx viii 10 22 , .
-
.

1 3 3 p ay h i s f or f eit f o r havin g seat ed hi m self in t h e c o ro n

. .
,

a t i o n ch a i r .

1 3 4 rumed p ut o u t an n o y ed : tr ep an n ed en sn ar ed b eguil ed
. .
, , , , ,

trapp ed ; fr o m O F tr ap p a n a sn ar e o r t rap fo r an im a l s T h e . .
,
.

wo r d sho uld b e sp e l t tr ap a n b ut h a s b een co n fuse d wi t h tr ep a n , ,

a s m a ll c y li n d r ic a l saw u se d in r em o vin g a p i ec e o f a f ra c t u r e d

sk ull fro m Gk “ r v rrav t o b o r e

'

, p .
, .

P 10 5 11 2 3 it w o ul d g o h ar d
.
, . h e w o uld m an ag e by
, .

so m e m ean s o r o t h er t o g e t a p i e c e o f t h e w o o d o f o n e o f t h e ch a ir s
t o m a k e a t o b acc o st o pp er o u t o f i t ; a t ob a cc o st op p er a p i ec e -
,

o f wo o d ivo ry m et al u sed f or p r essin g do wn t h e t o b a cc o in th e

, , ,

b o wl o f a p i p e
“
.

1 1 4 5 Edwar d t h e Th ir d s swor d B et we en th e [ c o r o n at i o n ]
’
. .
.
,
cha irs l ean in g aga i n st th e s c r een are p r eser ved t h e st at e shi eld
, ,

an d sw o r d o f E dw ar d III wh ich wer e c arr i e d b efore h im in .

10 4 V IS IT T O W E ST M I NST E R A B B E Y .

Fra n c e Th 1s is th e m o n um en t a l swo r d th a t c o n qu ere d Fran c e

. .

m e n t i o n e d b y D r y d en i t is 7 fee t l o n g a n d w ei gh s 18 lb s .

(H are Wa lks in L on do n ii 3 3 5 ) p omm el t h e n o b a t t h e e n d o f

, , .
,

t h e hil t b ut h er e u s e d fo r t h e hil t i t se lf
,
.

1 12 t ouch ed f or t h e evil h er e again th e evil lik e t h e s ic k

. .
, , ,

ab o ve f o r t h e w e ll k n o w n e vil t h e k i n g s e vil a s i t w as
’ ’
n ess , ,
-
, ,

o t her w i se c all e d t h e s c r o ful a T h e b e li ef in t h e so ver ei gn s

’
.
,

p o w er t o cur e t hi s di sease d at es b a c k war d fro m t h e da y s o f

E dw ar d t h e C o n fesso r an d c o n t i n u e d even t o t h e t i m e o f J o hn so n ,

w h o in 17 12 w a s t ak en t o b e t o uched by Queen A n n e Cp ‘
. .

M a ob iv 3 140 15 6 wh er e t h e p ro c ess is d es cr ib ed
. . .
-
,
.

11 13 4 th er e w as
.
, . reig n t her e w a s m a tt er o f m uch i n t erest ,

in t h e e xci t i n g o ccurr en c es o f t h a t r e i gn
ll 16 7 o n e o f our h ea d This is Hen ry th e Fif th “
.

i t [h is t o m b ] says Har e Wa lks in L on don ii 3 28 “

.
, . U p on . .

, la y h is , , .
,

e ffi gy st r et che d o ut o ut fr o m t h e so lid h ear t o f an E n g li sh o ak

, ,

p l a t ed wi t h s ilver gil t wi t h a h ea d o f so lid s ilv er T h e wh o l e

-
.
,

o f t h e s ilv er w a s c ar r i e d O ff b
y so m e r o bb ers wh o h a d b r o k en in
‘

t h e n i gh t seaso n i n t o t h e Chu r ch o f W est m in st er a t t h e t im e o f

’
-
,

th e D i sso lu t i o n [o f t h e m o n ast er i es] .

l 18 b eat en sil ver ham m er e d s ilver so lid s ilver fashi o n ed by

. .
, ,

t h e h a mm er i n t o t h e sh a p e o f a h e ad .

1 23 o f sh ini n g o f Sh owin g t o a dvan t age th e in du s tr y an d

. .
,

in t elli g en c e wi th which h e h a d s t udi e d h is Ch r o n icl e .

11 25 6 in h im in h is Chr o n icl e
.
, .
, .

1 3 6 Nor f olk b u il din g s in N o rfo l k S t r eet S t ran d

. .
-
, , .

S I R R O GE R AT T H E T H EAT R E N o 3 3 5 . . .

P 10 6 1 9 t h e n ew tr ag edy Th e D istr est M o th er a ver si o n

.
, . .
, ,

o f R a cin e s A n dr om a qu e b y A m br o s e Phili p s (1
’
67 1 t o th e
r ea di n
g o f which t h e S p e c t at or h a d b een t ak en b y W ill Ho n ey
c o m b as r e l a t ed in NO 290 . .

.1 10 th ese tw en ty y ear s fo r t w en ty y ea rs Or m o re ; u sed

.
,

i n defin i t el y .

.1 11 Th e Com mitt ee b y S ir R o b er t H o w ar d b r o th er in l aw
.
, ,
- -

o f D r y d en p r i n t ed in 1665, T h e p l a y w a s a c a r ic a t ure o f t h e .

l a t er C o mm o n w eal t h p er io d a n d r i dicul e d t h e Pu r i tan s wh en c e ,

S ir R o g er c a ll s i t a g o o d Chu r ch o f E n l an d c o m ed
”
Th e
p l o t t u rn s sa y s W ar
, d”
E n g D r a m L it
g
ii 53 2 “ y
o n t h e ra s
, . . .
, .
,
.

c a l it ies p er et r a t e d b y M e m b e rs o f C o mm i tt ees o f S e u es t r a t i o n
p q
in k eep i n g o r t u r n i n g r i g h tf ul o wn ers o u t o f t h ei r p r o p er ty f o r
p o li t ic a l di sa ffe c t i o n .

.l 18 at t h e end o f t h e di ction ary wher e in fo r me r day s

.
,

b i o g rap hic al n o t l c es o f fa m o u s p ers o n ag es wer e g iven

.

.
18 8 N O TES .
[ P A G ES

1 20
. . th e M oh ock s, b an d s o f r i o t o u s y o u th s w h o i n fest ed t h e
t
s ree s t a t n i h t , p lun d er in
g g m en a n d in sul t i n g wo men They .

t o o k t he i r t r ib e o f No r th Am er ican In dian s
n am e fr o m a -
.

1 22 l usty vigo ro u s sta l war t

. .
, , .

l 23 Fl eet Str eet s o c a ll e d fro m t h e r iver Fl eet which in

. .
,

fo r m er days ran th ro ugh Lo n don o p en ly b u t n o w is co vered o ve r ,

an d di s ch ar es i t self t h ro u h t h e sew er s
g g .

l 24 m en ded th eir p ace i n crease d th eir sp eed : p ut on m a de

. .
, ,

an eff o r t b
y wal k in g fast er .

1 3 0 P 10 7 1 1 I mig h t h ave
.
-
.
, d esig n I m i gh t h av e given
. .
,

t hem as m uch tr o ub l e t o cat ch m e as a cl ev er f o x g ives t h e

hun t sm en if that w a s wha t t hey i n t en ded
, .

I 6 t h r ew t h em out b affl ed th em in thei r effo r t s t o c at ch

. .
,

m e h o un d s when they l o se t h e s c en t o f t h e gam e ar e sa id t o b e

t hro wn o ut .
”

1 7 d oub l ed t h e c orn er elud ed t hem b y g ett in g ro u n d t h e

. .
,

c o r n er as a f o x o r har e t urn s an d twi st s t o e sc ap e t h e b o un ds

, .

11 9 10 Ca p t ain S en tr y s ee p 8 1 17 et c
.
, . m ak e o n e of us , .
, .
, .
,

b e o f o u r p ar ty a cc o m p an y u s ,

1 18 b attl e of St eenk ir k fo ugh t in 1692 b etwe en t h e Fren ch

. .
,

an d W illi am t h e Thi r d P r in c e o f O ran g e , .

1 20 g ood oak en p l an t s st o u t o ak cudgel s

. .
,
.

1 23 c onvey ed es c o r t e d c o n d uc t ed in safety a s a m an o f w ar
. .
, , ,
- —

c on vo ys a fl eet o f m er chan t v essel s in t im e o f w ar .

1 26 t h e p it th en a fa shi o n ab l e p ar t o f t h e th ea t r e an d
. .
, ,

s t all s
”
a n sw er in g t o t h e m o d er n .

l 3 4 tr agic a u di en ce audien c e t ha t h ad c o m e to wi t n ess a

. .
,

t ragedy .
0

l 3 5 Pyrrh u s o r N eop t o l e m us so n o f Achill es o n e of th e

. .
, , ,

hero es in t h e Tr o j an w ar w h o w as co n c ea l ed in t h e wo o den h o rse

fill ed wi t h ar m ed m en in tr o d uc ed wi thin t h e wa ll s o f Tr o y A t , .

t h e t ak in g o f th e ci t y h e k ill ed P r i am a n d when t h e Tr o j a n ,

c ap t ives were di str ibut e d am o n g t h e vict o r s An dr o m a ch e wido w , ,

o f He c t o r w as assi gn e d t o h
'

l 3 6 a b ett er st rut a m ore dign ifi ed m an n er o f wa l k in g ; t h e

. .
,

word str ut is gen erall y use d o f a p o m p o us ga it .

P 10 8 1 5 On e wh il e at o n e m o m en t
.
,
. .
, .

1 6 c on c ern ed t r o ub l e d an xi o u s
. .
, ,
.

1 7 Her mi on e d au ght er o f Men el a u s a n d Hel en

. .
,
Sh e h a d .

b een p ro m i sed in m ar r i a ge t o O r est es b efo r e t h e T r o j a n w ar b u t

M en el au s after h is r e t urn ho m e m a r r i e d h er t o P yrr hu s On .

O rest es cl a im in g h er a n d b ei n g r ef use d h e s t i rr ed u p t h e ,

Del p h ian s a ga i n s t Py r r hu s wh o wa s sl a in in t h e t um ul t H er .

m i o n e af te rwar ds m arr i e d O r es t es .
 19 0 NOT E S .
[ P A G ES

W I L L HONE YCOMB S AMOU R S ’

. No . 3 59 .

P . 110 , 17 . h eed t o . mi n ding , pay in g .

l 9 j og g ed n u dg e d c all ed a tt en t i o n b y a sligh t p u sh
. .
, .

l 16 b r own s tu dy d eep r ever i e g l o o m y ab st r ac t i o n ; o r igin

“

. .
, ,

a ll y fro m br o wn in t h e sen se o f g l o o m y n o w o ft en o f a n idl e o r ,

p u rp o se l ess rever i e .

ll 16 7 th at on c e rig h t th o ugh c on fessin g that S ir A n dr ew

.
, .
,

h as hi t t h e m ar k Sir R o g er will n o t l et slip t h e o pp o r t un i t y fo r

.
,

a fr i e n dl y t hr u s t a t h is o l d an t a go n i st b y in t im at i n
g tha t S ir
An drew s saga ci ty is very rar ely so fo r tu n ate
’
.

l 23 sh e l l h ave will t ak e as a hu sb an d
. .
’
, .

1 1 26 7 as h i s p art i cul ar p r ovin c e as a m a tter p e culiarl y h is

.
, .
,

o w n fro m t h e wid e e xp er i en c e h e h a s h a d in i t .

.1 27 j aun ty a ir y a n d aff ec t ed
.
, .

ll 29 3 0 t o p in wom an t o feel th at y o ur happ in ess depen ds

.
, .
,

en t ire l y up o n such a w eak c r ea ture a s a wo m an .

P 111 l 3 am our s l o ve a ffa irs

. . .
, .

1 13 c o n cl u si on t e a sati sfa c t o ry c o n clu sio n by t h e l ady

. .
, . .
,

a cc ep t in g h im .

1 14 b o ar ded wi th a surg eon which ci r cum st an c e l o o k e d as

. .
,

if I h ad n o t been a very h ea l thy p er so n : th e ol d p ut t h e

w re t ch e d o l d c re a t ure a D ev o n s hi r e
p r o vin c ia lism fo r
“ a
,

st in k in g fell o w
”
.

l 18 so b ri sk l y wi t h so m uch en ergy
. .
, .

1 19 wait ed u p on h er p a id h er a vis i t ; but exp r ess in g t h e

. .
,

deferen c e sho wn by a m an t o a wo m an .

1 20 j oin t ure esta t e sett l ed o n a w o m an in m arr i age in c a se

. .
,

o f h er hu sb an d s d ea th a n d h ere t h e est a t e s h e h a d a c q ui re d by
’
,

h er fi rst hu sb an d s d ea t h
’
.

1 22 Li on s dnn o n e o f t h e I nn s o f C o u r t o f fo rm er day s It
’
.
. .
,

st o o d b e tw e en W y ch S t ree t a n d H o l y w e ll S t reet b u t w a s de ,

st r o y e d in 1 8 63 Am on g t h e l a wy er s by who m i t w as o n c e
.

ten an t ed w as S ir Ed war d C o k e who se l ec tures t her e attra c ted

-
,

t o h im a c r o w d o f cli en t s .

1 .24 t h i s ov ert ur e t hi s p r o p o si t i o n o f hers tha t I sho uld

.
,

e sta t e h er wi t h a fur ther j o in t u re .

l 29 s oft t h in g s t en der thin gs c o mp li m en t s an d assur an c es

. . , ,

o f a dm ir at i o n .

ll 29 3 0 m ade h eart fel t sure o f win n in g h er l o ve

.
, .
,
.

11 3 3 4 t o b r eak
.
,
h i m t o di s cl o se t o h im wi t h a ll m o dest y
.
,

wh at m y h o p es wer e h is fo r tu n e n o t b ein g equ al t o th e l ady s .

’
,

h e w as o b li ge d t o a pp ro a ch t h e fa ther o n t h e subj e c t c au t io us ly
an d wi th m o desty .
110 W I LL HON E YC OMB S AMO U RS ’
.

P . 112 , l . 2 . to mi ssh er t o , fa il t o w in h er .

1
13 .
, Her
4 . m ai d m e, so . which in a m easu r e a cc o un t s f or
h er r ej e c t in
g me .

1 5 . . sp in dl e l egs r es em b lin g i n th e ir ex t rem e

. . l eg s , p a i r of
t hin n ess t h e st ic k u p o n which a t hr ea d is sp un sp in dl e sh a n ks
is a n ot un c o mm o n t er m o f c o n t em p t fo r a m an o f un usu a lly
t hin l egs .

1 8 . . dog , u sed wi th a c o m p l a c en t re o c ll e c t i o n of h is yo u thful

wildn ess .

1 l l , 2 g et th e ol d
1 s i d e, w in th e p aren t s a pp ro v a l
’
. . .

1 16 wi th fl yi n g c ol ou r s , in t h e m o st t r ium ph an t m ann er
. . .

1 19. . carr ied of ,

k ill ed ; wi th a
p l ay wo r ds in upo n th e
f
r e eren c e to
deavo ur t o h is en b ear h er aw ay in m arr i age .

1 20 t r an siti on s sc fro m
. .
, . o n e p o in t o f a subj e c t t o a n o ther ,

an d fr o m o n e p er so n t o a n o th er .

11 . h a d c on si der ed l as t Sat u r d ay h a d di s cu ss e d in m y ,

p ap er o f l as t S a t ur d ay i a N o 3 3 7 o f t h e Sp ec ta to r Th e
“bo ok w a s th e t en th b o o k o f P ar a dise L ost an d t h e lin es
”
, . . .

,
.

qu o t ed ar e 8 88 9 08
-
.

1 3 2 a s ang el s as i n t h e c ase o f an gel s w h o a r e (in P a ra dise

. .
,

L ost) all m a s cul in e .

l 3 7 str aig h t c onj un ct ion cl o se un io n

“
. .
.
,

P 113 11 l 2 but s uch mi stak e t h e c o n st ruct io n is but

.
, .
, .
,

s uch a s s o m e m i sfo r t un e o r m i st ak e br i n gs h im
”
.

1 5 wi th h el d i 6 sh all se e h er wi th h eld
. .
, . . .

1 7 l ink d agr eei n g wi th h i s ch oi c e (i 6 h er wh o m h e h a d

’
. . . .
,

ch o sen ) i n th e lin e ab o ve : wedl o ck th o ugh i t sho uld b e h yp hen ed

wi th b ou n d b el o n gs e qu ally t o l ink d
,
’
, .

1 8 f ell h at ef ul : h is h at e or sh am e who m (se t h e wo m an w h o

. .
, , , .

sh o uld h av e b e en h is wife ) h e e i th er h a t es o r r egar d s wi t h sh am e .

I 10 c onf o un d th r o w in t o u tt er c o n fus i o n d es tr o y
. .
, , .

V IS IT TO S PR ING GARDENS . No 3 83 . .

P . irr eg ul ar b oun c es , ran d o m k n o c k s , n o t t h e de

20 .

lib er at e r a t -t at t a t t h a t w o uld b e g iv e n b y a t o w n -b r ed vi si t o r
-
.

l 26 o n t h e wat er b y t h e T h am es th en m uch m o r e o f a
. .
, ,

th or o ughfar e t o v ar i o u s l o cali t i es th an s in c e t h e in t ro duc t i o n o f

c ab s an d o m n ib uses : S p r ing Gar den h ere wh a t w a s o r igi n a lly ,

k n o wn as t h e N ew S p r i n g Ga r d en s a t Fo x H a ll t o di st i n g ui sh ,

t hem fro m t h e O ld S p r i n g (Fo u n t ain ) Garden o f t it eh all

Pa l a c e Th e n a m e Fo x H all (aft er wa r d s a l t er e d t o Va ux h a ll )
.

dat es fr o m th e m arr iage o f I sabella de Fo r tibus C o un t ess o f ,

19 2 NOTES .
[ PA G ES

Alb em a r l e wi th Fo uk es de B rean t afte r which , th e p l a c e w as

ca ll ed Fo uk es Hal l (Har e Wa lks in L on don ii -
, , .

1 27
. .
g ood , fi n e .

1 28
. . f r om t h e t
s air - as e, c c allin g o u t to me fro m th e fo o t o f
th e s a rs t i .

1 29
. cul ating t e up o n subj ec t s fo r h is p ap er o r p erh ap s
. sp e , . .
,

o n p hil o s o hic a l
p q ue st i o n s gen er a ll y .

I 3 1 g ot
. f r ien d s urr o u n din g h im
.
, .

P 114 l 1 wh o is g o ssi p w h o is we ll k n o w n f o r h er l o ve o f
.
, . .
,

g o ssi p i n g .

1 4 m in d h is b o ok p ay a tt en t io n t o h is l esso n s
. .
, .

1 5 th e T emp l e s tair s th e sta i r s at t h e b o tt o m o f t h e T em p l e

. .
-
,

Gar d en s where t h e wa t er m en m o o r e jl t h eir b o a t s f o r hi re .

11 12 3 b a t e h im oar h e r o w e d a litt l e m ore sl o wl y o win g

.
, . .
, ,

t o h is l o ss o f a li m b b a t e ab a t e a n d so r em i t excu se , , , .

I 25 k ep t a b ar g e a s m an y p er so n s o f ra n k livin g n ear th e
. . .
,

r iv er did in t ho s e d ay s .

11 17 8 trimm ed
.
, coach man steadi ed th e b o a t by t ak i n g th e
.
,

c o achm an o n b o ar d to ser ve as a m a k e w eight -

.

1 19 b all ast li t era ll y

. . m ea n s a l o a d b ehi n d o r a l o a d in
, ,
’ ‘
.

t h e r ea r ; an d w e m a y c o n clud e t h a t i t w as s o c a ll e d b e c au se
’

t h e b a ll ast w as st o w e d m o r e in t h e a ft er p ar t o f t h e ship than in

fro n t so as to t il t up t h e b o ws a ve ry sen sib l e pl an
, (S k eat ,

E ty D iet . .
)
1 22 La Ho g u e,
. . t h w e s t c o a s t o f F r an c e
or Hagu e , in th e nor -
,

where o n M ay l gth 1692 t h e E n gli sh an d Du t c h fleet s defea t e d , ,

t h e Fren ch fl ee t b urn in g thi rteen o f th eir v essel s an d de stro y in g

,

ei gh t m o r e .

11 28 9 Lon d on b ridg e t h e b r i dg e h er e m ean t w a s t h a t

.
, .
,

rest o r e d in 1 3 00 aft er t h e fi re in 12 12 an d a g a in p ar t i a ll y de ,

s tr o y e d b y fi re in 1 47 1 163 2 an d 17 25 T h e p r esen t b r idge w a s , , .

b egun in 18 24 an d o p en ed in 183 1 .

11 29 3 0 t h e seven won der s viz (1) T h e p y r am ids o f E g yp t

.
, .
, . .

(2) T h e t o m b o f M au so l us Ki n g o f C ar i a (3 ) T h e t em p l e o f , .

Dian a a t E ph esu s (4) Th e wa ll s an d han gin g gar den s o f B aby .

l on .
(5 ) Th e C o l o ssu s at Rho d e s (6 ) T h e iv o r y an d go ld .

st at u e o f J up i t er Ol ym p u s ex e cu t e d b y Phidi a s (7 ) Th e wa t ch , .

t o wer b uil t b y P t o l em y Phil adel phus k in g o f E gyp t , .

11 3 4 5 h ow
.
,
a t wha t cl o s e i n ter val s t h e
.

chur ches w ere p l an t ed in t h e ci ty ; h er e t h e ci ty m ean s t h e

ci ty p ro p er ex t en din g eastwar d fr o m Tem p l e B ar as c o n tra st ed
, ,

wit h t h e west en d o f L on do n -
.

P 115 1 2 T h e fi f t y n ew c h u r ch es fo r buildi n g which an

.
,
. .
,

A c t o f Parli am en t w a s p ass ed in 17 10 .
19 4 NOTE S .
[ P A G ES 116 118
-
.

1
1 15 , 6 I
. . rat ifi ed l ook I en fo r c ed h is o r ders by l o o k in g at ,

t h e wa i t er in a d et er m i n ed an d a u th o r i ta t iv e m a n n er .

DEATH OF S IR RO GE R . No . 5 17 .

P 116 l 21 s en sib l y k een l y feeli n gl y

.
, . .
, , .

ll 28 9 very warm l y p enni n g eager l y a dvo ca t in g t h e

.
,
.
,

a d o t i o n o f a n a dd r ess which h e h a d hi m s elf c o m o se d

p p .

P 117 l 14 c oun try n ei ghb o ur ho o d

.
, . .
, .

l 22 h ad l o st st o mach h a d n o ap p et i t e fo r r o a s t b eef ; a
. .
,

dish o f which h e w as a lway s so fo n d .

ll 25 6 k ep t a g o od h eart r e t ain ed h is u s ua l go o d sp ir it s
.
, .
, .

l 27 u p on a k in d m essag e o n h is r ec eivin g a k i n d m essage

. . .
, .

1 29 a li g h tni ng b ef or e
. . d ea t h a l a s t br i gh t flick e r o f t h e ,

fl am e o f dea th b efo re i t wen t o ut fo r ever Fr o m R omeo a n d .

J uliet v 3 90 ,
. . .

1 3 2 m y g oo d ol d l a dy t h e go o d o l d m i stress wh o m I ser v ed
. .
, .

P 118 1 1 t en em en t a h o ldi n g a dwelli n g i n h a b i t e d by a

'

. . .
, , ,

t en an t .

l 3 f ri eze c oat a c o at m a de o f a co arse wo o ll en cl o th ; li t erally

. .
-
, ,

cl o t h o f Fr ies l an d .

l 4 riding h o od such as w er e wo rn b y wo m en r idin g t o

. .
-
,

m a r k et .

1 12 p er em p t oril y c o n fid en tl y as b e i n g a m att er o f c er ta in ty
. .
, , .

l 16 m ad e en d di ed p eac efully an d wit h r esign a ti o n t o

. .
,

Go d s will ; c p H V ii 3 11
’
A m ade a fin er en d an d wen t
. . . . .
,
’

aw a y a n i t h a d b een an y ch r i s t i a n child
”
sa id o f t h e d y i n g ,

Fa l staff .

l 20 t h e q u oru m see n o t e p 6 l 28
. .
, , .
, . .

l 29 q uit r en t s r en t s r eserved in gr a n ts o f l an d by p aym en t

. .
,

o f which t h e t en a n t is qui t fr o m o th er s er vic e b u t in t hi s c as e ,

charges u p o n t h e estat e q uit is h er e u sed in it s a dj ec t iva l sen se ,

a n d n o hyp h en is n e c essa r y .

1 3 1 m ak es much o f tr ea t s w i th grea t k in d n ess

. .
,
.

l 3 5 j oy ed h im s el f b een ch eerful
. .
,
.

ll 12 3 A ct o f Unif or mity There were t hr ee Ac ts o f U n i

.
, . .

fo r m i ty p assed r esp e ct ivel y in 1549 1558 1662 all p resc r ib in g

, , , ,

t h e u s e in t h e Chu r ch o f E n gl a n d o f t h e B o o k o f C o m m o n
Pra y er fo u n ded up o n t h e o l d C a tho lic M i ssa l an d B revi ar y a n d
, ,

r evi se d fr o m t i m e t o t i m e .
 INDE X .

C assan dra 88 3 0 , . .

Ac t , of Occa si o n a l C o n form i ty , C a s t cl o thes 16 17 , . .

10 0 3 1 . . Cham b erla in 9 4 28 , . .

Ac t , o f U n ifo rm i t y , 118 . 12
. Chan c el 3 1 12 , . .

Affl u x , 67 3 1 . . h ap l a in , 12 29 . .

A ggrava t io n , 7 3 22 . . Chidin g , 48 29 . .

A go g 82 12 , . . Chu rn , 5 2 25
‘

. .

A l e , B ur to n , 116 10 . . C i r cui t , 6 1 7 . .

Ai m s , 99 11 . . Cl o k e b ag 9 4 18
-
. . .

A m o ur s, 44 3 . . Co c k an d bull , 9 4 4 . .

A n gl e r o d, 19 29
-
. . Co ck m at ch , 8 5 28
-
. .

App ro bat io n s, 7 0 18 . . C o c o a t ree , t h e , 3 23

-
. .

A ss iz es , 34 2 . . Co k e, 7 4 . .

Co m m on , a , 7 3 4 . .

B C o mm o n wea l th s m en , 9 4 11
’
. .

Ba c k gam m o n , 13 16 . . C o r o n a t i o n cha ir s , 10 4 25 . .

B a gga g e , a , 10 9 2 . . C o un t ry d an c e, 5 25
-
. .

B a k er s Chr o n icl e , 10 1 C o vey , 46 1

’
. . .

B as k e t hil t 23 2 1-
, . . C o wl ey , 40 10 . .

B ass, 46 29 . .

B ass V i o l , 23 20
-
.
. . D
B ast il e , t h e , 45 17 . . D a m p ier 66 11 , . .

B a y l e, 66 2 . . D aw so n B ull y 6, , .

B eag l es , 46 19 . . D ec r e p i t 5 4 5 , . .

B eef, hun g , 116 l l Dew l ap d 47 l

’
-
. . . .
,

B i tt ed , 3 3 3 5 . . Dio do r u s 8 4 3 2 , . .

B o wlin g g r een , 8 6 26 -
. . D i s c ar d ed , 9 2 3 . .

B o xin g , 44 3 3 . . Do ub l e s, 48 7 . .

B o y l e, 68 3 0 . . Do u b l e t , 6 17 . .

B r id em an , 9 6 7 . .

B r i t a i n , Li tt l e , 5 I4 . . E
B r own st udy , 110 16 . . Edify i n g , 14 26 . .

E lder b u sh , 27 2
-
. .

C Eq ui pa g e , 9 4 16 . .

C an k e r a 3 8 2 1 , ,
. . E th ere ge , S ir G , 6 10 . . .

Ca r din a l 16 3 4 , . . E ug en e , Pr in c e, 9 8 26 . .
19 6 I ND E X .

E vil , t h e, 10 5 13 . . L
Exchan ge, t h e , 3 25 . . La ert es, 3 9 11 . .

Exer ci ses , t h e p ub lic , 2 25 . . L a H o gue , 114 22 . .

Exo r cised, 28 15 . . Lan d t ax , 80 11-

. .

Le agu e t h e , 8 2 21 , . .

F Liber tin e 3 8 3 2 , . .

Fam il y 15 29 , . . Li tt l et o n 7 14 , . .

Fin e a 16 3 6 , , . . Livery 18 5 , . .

Fli t ch 3 1 22 , . . Lo ck e 27 16 , . .

Flu d 46 3 5 L o n g in u s 7 3 .
’
.
, .
, .

F o il s 3 1 8 , . . Lucret ius 28 3 2 , . .

Fr eep o r t Sir A , . 7 28 . . Lur ch 60 3 1 , . .

Fr i eze c o at 118 -
, . 3 .

G M an si o n , 41 8 . .

Gam e -Ac t , 6 3 0 . . Man um i ssi on 17 18 , . .

Gib ell in es , 8 2 20 . . M art ial M V a l er ius , .

, 37 . 12 .

G ip si e s, 8 7 27 . . M ay fl y 19 28-
, . .

o blin s , 27 2 1 . . M in c e p ie , 10 0 23
-
. .

G o c ar t , 23 29
-
. . M o dish 59 2 , . .

’
Gr ay s I n n , 9 8 23 . . Mo h o ck s 10 6 20 , . .

Greci an , t h e, 3 23 . . M o n m o u t h D uk e o f , ,
10 2
. .

Mo r e H en ry 67 3 5
, , . .

H Mrs 94 3 0
.
, . .

Ha lf p ik e 9 5 14
-
, . . Murrain , 3 4 11 . .

Ha sp ed 9 6 3 4 , . .

Hasso ck 3 0 12 , . . N
asty p udd in g 23 33-
, . . Never (ellip t ica l ) , 64 3 5 . .

Haym ark et t h e 3 25 , , . . Nightm are ,

53 . 19 .

H o g s puddin gs 10 0 11 N o n a ge 2
’
-
, . .
, . 20 .

H u m o ur (o f t h e eye ) 68 , . N o vel 7 5 19 . .

H u ssy 5 7 2 1 , . .

O
I Offi c io u s 19 3 0 , . .

I chn eum o n 8 4 3 4 , . . O p en ed (o f d og s ) , 48 12 . .

In cum b en t 3 1 26 , . . O r i gi n a l 69 . 18 .

In n o cen t 5 8 10 , . . Otway 5 1 3 1 , . .

J
Jac k a 19 6 , , . . Pa d, 47 7 . .

J a c o b s Pill o w 10 4 28 Pa l m ed , 5 2 23
’
. . . .
,

J a m e s s S a in t 3 20 Pa l m i st ry, 8 9 28
’
. . . .
, ,

J esui t s 9 2 27 , . . Pa l s y , 5 1 3 6 . .

J ett in g 22 23 , . . Pa sc h a l , 49 17 . .

J o in t u r e 103 17 ,
. . Pa t r o n , 17 27 . .

J o n at han s 3 27
’
, . . Per riw ig 7 24 , . .

J o vi a l 6 15 , . . Peru se, 1 7 . .

J u st ic e o f t h e p ea c e 2 , . 8 . Petty j ury , 7 1 14 . .