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Hafsa Bekri

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Hafsa Bekri-Lamrani was born in 1948.

She studies literature

and Anglo-Saxon civilization at the University of Paris-VII, - Jussieu, and

now teaches English at the American Language Center in Rabat and

from Casablanca, as well as at the Royal Force Air Force base

Moroccan of Rabat Salé. Bekri-Lamrani is a founding member of the

first House of Moroccan poetry ; she is also a member of

Union of Writers of Morocco, at the Research Centre

Mediterranean, and the sociocultural association Al Madina [the

City]. Among his publications include East and West in Our

Imagination [East and west of our imagination] (1992) and his essay,

"Signs and Sounds of Maghreb Women"

Maghreb] (1995). She also published a book of tales,

Jellabiates (2002), which refers to the traditional clothing of

Moroccan women, the djellaba, and poems, in French and English,

published in Tenderness and Other Lights, followed by Sparks of Life (2004)

She is one of the most famous Anglican Moroccan poetesses.

The protagonist of Bekri-Lamrani's poem, " The Call of Hajar ", is

an important figure of the 20th century and of Islam. In the Book of the

of-

Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, Hajar is an Egyptian servant, appartment-

nant to Abraham's wife, Sarah. Barren, Sarah decides to make her

a servant of her husband's concubine; Hajar gives birth to a son, Ishmael,

legally owned by Abraham and Sarah. But when Sarah,

her turn, gives birth to a son, Isaac, she asks Abraham to hunt

And Hajar and Ishmael ; and Hajar wandered in the wilderness with Ishmael, seeking
until an angel of God showed him a spring. In the

Koran and Kisas Al-Anbiya [stories of Muslim prophets] Hajar is

the daughter of a pharaoh who gives her in marriage and not in concubinage to

Abraham. When this event becomes a source of conflict within the

marriage with Sarah, Abraham leads Hajar and Ishmael to Mecca, where he

try to relocate them instead of abandoning them. Travel undertaken by

Hajar in search of water to save his son, take on a ritual value

symbolic in Muslim pilgrimages.

Bekri-Lamrani uses the history of Hajar to evoke the use that

men of religion, in order to build and exploit the

hatred. Because the two sons of Abraham, and Ishmael,

as the ancestors of the Israelites and Arabs, respectively, the history

makes sense in contemporary conflicts between Jews and Muslims.

In the powerful vision of Bekri-Lamrani, Hajar reaches out to Sarah,

thus rejecting the patriarchal discourse that has posited them as

rivals and enemies, sources of " millennia of tears, blood and

hatred " among their descendants. It presents a picture of unity and

women's love, in the face of religious xenophobia, highlighting the-

a common feature of maternity which unites the two women. In the

moving conclusion to the poem, Hajar encourages Sarah to come to the

in the desert, and invites Mary, the mother of Jesus, to come and live in

peace with them

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