System Programming

and
Compiler Construction
(SPCC)
Syllabus

2
Syllabus

3
Syllabus (contd.)

4
Syllabus (contd.)

5
 Books
Text Books:

6
 Books
Text Books:
 J. J Donovan: Systems Programming Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company --------- For module 2, 3 and 4

7
 Books
Text Books:
 J. J Donovan: Systems Programming Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company --------- For module 2, 3 and 4

 A. V. Aho, R. Shethi, Monica Lam , J.D. Ulman : Compilers -

Principles, Techniques and Tools , Pearson Education , Second

Edition.
------ For modules 5 and 6

8
 Books
Text Books:
 J. J Donovan: Systems Programming Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company --------- For module 2, 3 and 4

 A. V. Aho, R. Shethi, Monica Lam , J.D. Ulman : Compilers -

Principles, Techniques and Tools , Pearson Education , Second

Edition.
------ For modules 5 and 6
 D. M Dhamdhere: Systems programming, Tata McGraw Hill

------ For module 1 9

Module 1

10
Representative Views of a Computer
System

11
Representative Views of a Computer
System

System Software
12
Representative Views of a Computer
System

13
 Representative Views of a Computer
System

➢
User Interface:-Accepts users commands for using services
provided by the operating system and initiates execution of one
or more programs for fulfilment of command

14
 Representative Views of a Computer
System

➢
User Interface:-Accepts users commands for using services
provided by the operating system and initiates execution of one
or more programs for fulfilment of command

➢
Application Program or Language Processors:-These programs
either implements the user’s application or assists in
development of a program

15
 Representative Views of a Computer
System

➢
User Interface:-Accepts users commands for using services provided by
the operating system and initiates execution of one or more programs
for fulfilment of command

➢
Application Program or Language Processors:-These programs either
implements the user’s application or assists in development of a
program

➢
Operating System:- It controls operation of computer and provides a set
of services for executing programs and using resources of the computer
16
System Software

17
 System Software

➢
It is a collection of program that facilitates execution of
programs and use of resources in a computer system

➢
It contains an hierarchical arrangement of layers in which
programs in upper layers use facilities provided by the layer
below it

18
Goals of System Software

19
 Goals of System Software

➢
User Convenience:- Provide convenient methods of using a computer
system

20
 Goals of System Software

➢
User Convenience:- Provide convenient methods of using a computer
system

Efficient Use:-Ensure efficient use of a computer resources

➢

21
 Goals of System Software

➢
User Convenience:- Provide convenient methods of using a computer
system

Efficient Use:-Ensure efficient use of a computer resources

➢

Non-Interference:-Prevent interference in the activities of its users

➢

22
 Goals of System Software

➢
User Convenience:-

23
 Goals of System Software

Efficient Use:

➢ System software must efficiently use fundamental computer

resources like CPU, Memory, Disks and other I/O Devices.
➢

24
 Goals of System Software

Efficient Use:

➢ System software must efficiently use fundamental computer

resources like CPU, Memory, Disks and other I/O Devices.
➢ Poor efficiency can occur if a program does not use the
resource allocated to it which further results in snowballing
effect.
➢

25
 Goals of System Software

Efficient Use:

➢ System software must efficiently use fundamental computer

resources like CPU, Memory, Disks and other I/O Devices.
➢ Poor efficiency can occur if a program does not use the
resource allocated to it which further results in snowballing
effect.
➢ Snowballing Effect:- If the resource is allocated to a user, it is
denied to other programs that need it. These programs can’t
execute and hence the resources allocated to them also remains
idle
➢
26
 Goals of System Software

Efficient Use:

➢ System software must efficiently use fundamental computer

resources like CPU, Memory, Disks and other I/O Devices.
➢ Poor efficiency can occur if a program does not use the resource
allocated to it which further results in snowballing effect.
➢ Snowballing Effect:- If the resource is allocated to a user, it is
denied to other programs that need it. These programs can’t
execute and hence the resources allocated to them also remains idle
➢ To achieve efficiency, the system software must minimize the
waste of resources by programs and its own overhead.

27
 Goals of System Software

➢
Non Interference
➢The system software must ensure that no person can illegally
use programs and resources in the system or interfere with them

28
 System Programs and System
Programming

System Software:- It is a collection of programs

➢

29
 System Programs and System
Programming

System Software:- It is a collection of programs

➢

➢
System Program:- Each Program in the collection of system
software

30
 System Programs and System
Programming

System Software:- It is a collection of programs

➢

System Program:- Each Program in the collection of system software

➢

Design Goals
➢

➢The program should function correctly under all conditions

➢The program should be effective in its computing environment
➢The program should be portable
➢The program should be able to evolve to provide new
functionalities and adapt to new technologies
31
 System Programs and System
Programming

System Software:- It is a collection of programs

➢

System Program:- Each Program in the collection of system software

➢

Design Goals
➢

➢The program should function correctly under all conditions

➢The program should be effective in its computing environment
➢The program should be portable
➢The program should be able to evolve to provide new functionalities and
adapt to new technologies

System Programming:- It is the set of techniques used to realise the design

➢

goals of system program 32

 System Software

➢
Coordinates the functions and activities of hardware and
software
➢

33
 System Software

➢
Coordinates the functions and activities of hardware and
software
➢
Controls operations of computer hardware
➢

34
 System Software

➢
Coordinates the functions and activities of hardware and
software
➢
Controls operations of computer hardware
➢
Supports variety of programs that enables smooth execution
of computer
➢

35
 System Software

➢
Coordinates the functions and activities of hardware and
software
➢
Controls operations of computer hardware
➢
Supports variety of programs that enables smooth execution
of computer
➢
It provides infrastructure over which programs can operate
➢

36
 System Software

➢
Coordinates the functions and activities of hardware and
software
➢
Controls operations of computer hardware
➢
Supports variety of programs that enables smooth execution
of computer
➢
It provides infrastructure over which programs can operate
➢
User can focus on application rather than internal mechanism
of Machine
37
 Applicaton Software

➢
Any tool that functions and is operated by means of computer and
allow end user to accomplish specific task

38
 Applicaton Software

➢
Any tool that functions and is operated by means of computer and
allow end user to accomplish specific task

Most common programs run in foreground of computer

➢

39
 Applicaton Software

➢
Any tool that functions and is operated by means of computer and
allow end user to accomplish specific task

Most common programs run in foreground of computer

➢

➢
Tend to perform useful task which are not related with hardware
communication

40
 Applicaton Software

➢
Any tool that functions and is operated by means of computer and
allow end user to accomplish specific task

Most common programs run in foreground of computer

➢

➢
Tend to perform useful task which are not related with hardware
communication

➢
It provides infrastructure over which programs can operate
Dependent on system software to communicate to physical
components

41
 Application Software

➢
Any tool that functions and is operated by means of computer and
allow end user to accomplish specific task

Most common programs run in foreground of computer

➢

➢
Tend to perform useful task which are not related with hardware
communication

➢
It provides infrastructure over which programs can operate
Dependent on system software to communicate to physical
components

➢
Examples: Industrial Automation, Office Suite, Media Players,
Computer Games
42
System Sofware

43
 System Software

➢
Macro Processor
➢
Assembler
Language
➢
Compiler Processors

➢
Interpreter
➢
Loader
➢
Linker
➢
Device Drivers
➢
Operating System
➢
Editor
➢
Debugger 44
Operatnn System

➢
Mediator between User Programs and Hardware
➢
Allocation of Resources and Services
➢
It includes
➢Process Management
➢Memory Management
➢File System Management
➢Secondary Storage Management
➢
Program to manage these resources: Scheduler, Traffic
Controller 45
Device Drivers

➢
A computer program that controls a particular device
connected to computer.
➢
Devices includes Input Output and Storage Devices

46
Language Processors

47
Macro Processor

➢
Macro: Abbreviation for small code

Macro Definition: Sequence of code that has name

➢

➢
Macro Processor: Program that substitutes and specializes macro
definitions and Macro calls

48
Linker

➢
It collects the code which are separately compiled or assembled and
put into object file which is direct executable.
➢
It connects an object program to the code for standard library and
resource supplied by Operating system.

49
Loader

➢
Executable file made by loader has relative memory addresses
(Relocatable Code)
➢
Loader will resolve all relocatable addresses by considering base
Address
It places program in memory and prepare for its execution
➢

Schemes: Relocating, Absolute and direct linking

➢

50
Editor

➢
Compilers usually accept source programs written using an editor
that will produce a standard file such as ASCII file.
➢
Compilers normally are bundled together with the editors and other
programs into an Interactive Development Environment or IDE.

51
Debugger

➢
Debuggers are program that can be used to determine execution
errors in a compiled program.
➢
It is also packaged with a compiler in an IDE.

Running a program with debugger differs from straight execution.

➢

The debugger keeps track of most or all source code information, such
as line numbers names of variable and procedures.
➢
It can also halt execution at pre-specified locations called
breakpoints as well as provide information on what functions have
been called and what the current values of the variables are. 52