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PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. Vs OMAWENG

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People vsOmaweng

213 SCRA 462

Facts: In the morning of 12 September 1988, PC constables with the Mt. Province PC Command put up a
checkpoint at the junction of the roads, one going to Sagada and the other to Bontoc.They stopped and
checked all vehicles that went through the checkpoint. At 9:15 a.m., theyflagged down a cream-colored
Ford Fiera (ABT-634) coming from the BontocPoblacion andheaded towards Baguio. The vehicle was
driven by Conway Omaweng and had no passengers.The Constables (Layong, et.al.) asked permission to
inspect the vehicle to which Omawengacceded to. When they peered into the rear of the vehicle, they
saw a travelling bag which was partially covered by the rim of a spare tire under the passenger seat on
the right side of thevehicle. They asked permission to see the contents of the bag to which Omaweng
consented to.When they opened the bag, they found that it contained 41 plastic packets of different
sizescontaining pulverized substances. The constable gave a packet to his team leader, who, after
sniffing the stuff concluded that it was marijuana. The Constables thereafter boarded the vehiclesand
proceeded to the Bontocpoblacion to report the incident to the PC Headquarters. The prohibited drugs
were surrendered to the evidence custodian. The PC Forensic Chemist at CampDangwa, La Trinidad,
Benguet conducted 2 chemistry examinations of the substance containedin the plastic packets taken
from appellant and found them to be positive for hashish or marijuana. Omaweng was indicted for the
violation of Section 4, Article II of RA 6425(Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972), as amended, in a criminal
complaint filed with the MTCBontoc, Mountain Province on 12 September 1988. Upon his failure to
submit counter-affidavitsdespite the granting of an extension of time to do so, the court declared that
he had waived hisright to a preliminary investigation and, finding probable cause against Omaweng,
ordered theelevation of the case to the proper court. On 14 November 1988, the Office of the
ProvincialFiscal of Mountain Province filed an Information charging Omaweng with the violation of
Section 47 Article II of the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, as amended (Crim Case 713). After his motion
for reinvestigation was denied by the Provincial Fiscal, Omaweng entered a plea of not guilty during his
arraignment on 20 June 1989. During the trial on the merits, the prosecution presented 4 witnesses.
Omaweng did not present any evidence other than portions of the JointClarificatory Sworn Statement,
dated 23 December 1988, of prosecution witnesses JosephLayong and David Fomocod. On 21 March
1991, the trial court promulgated its Judgmentconvicting Omaweng of the crime of transporting
prohibited drugs (Section 4, Article II of RA6425, as amended). Omaweng appealed to the Supreme
Court.

Issue: Whether Omaweng was subjected to search which violates his Constitutional right
againstunreasonable searches and seizures.

Held: Omaweng was not subjected to any search which may be stigmatized as a violation of
hisConstitutional right against unreasonable searches and seizures. He willingly gave prior consentto the
search and voluntarily agreed to have it conducted on his vehicle and travelling bag. Thetestimony of
the PC Constable (Layung) was not dented on cross-examination or rebutted byOmaweng for he chose
not to testify on his own behalf. Omaweng waived his right againstunreasonable searches and seizures
when he voluntarily submitted to a search or consents to haveit made in his person or premises. He is
precluded from later complaining thereof right to besecure from unreasonable search may, like every
right, be waived and such waiver may be madeeither expressly or impliedly. Since in the course of the
valid search 41 packages of drugs werefound, it behooved the officers to seize the same; no warrant was
necessary for such seizure.

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