Cas 003

CAS-003.prepaway.premium.exam.
307q
Number: CAS-003
Passing Score: 800
Time Limit: 120 min
File Version: 15.0
CAS-003
CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP)
Version 15.0
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Exam A
QUESTION 1
DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the cloud deployment model to the associated use-case scenario. Options may be used only
once or not at all.
Select and Place:
Correct Answer:
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Section: (none)
Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 2
DRAG DROP
A security consultant is considering authentication options for a financial institution. The following
authentication options are available. Drag and drop the security mechanism to the appropriate use case.
Options may be used once.
Select and Place:
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Correct Answer:
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 3
A company’s Chief Operating Officer (COO) is concerned about the potential for competitors to infer
proprietary information gathered from employees’ social media accounts.
Which of the following methods should the company use to gauge its social media threat level without
targeting individual employees?
A. Utilize insider threat consultants to provide expertise.

B. Require that employees divulge social media accounts.
C. Leverage Big Data analytical algorithms.
D. Perform social engineering tests to evaluate employee awareness.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 4
DRAG DROP
A security administrator must configure the database server shown below to comply with the four
requirements listed. Drag and drop the appropriate ACL that should be configured on the database server
to its corresponding requirement. Answer options may be used once or not at all.
Select and Place:
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Correct Answer:
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 5
A security administrator is hardening a TrustedSolaris server that processes sensitive data. The data owner
has established the following security requirements:
The data is for internal consumption only and shall not be distributed to outside individuals
The systems administrator should not have access to the data processed by the server
The integrity of the kernel image is maintained
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Which of the following host-based security controls BEST enforce the data owner’s requirements? (Choose
three.)
A. SELinux
B. DLP
C. HIDS
D. Host-based firewall
E. Measured boot
F. Data encryption
G. Watermarking
Correct Answer: CEF

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 6
An SQL database is no longer accessible online due to a recent security breach. An investigation reveals
that unauthorized access to the database was possible due to an SQL injection vulnerability. To prevent this
type of breach in the future, which of the following security controls should be put in place before bringing
the database back online? (Choose two.)
A. Secure storage policies

B. Browser security updates
C. Input validation
D. Web application firewall
E. Secure coding standards
F. Database activity monitoring
Correct Answer: CF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 7
A company has entered into a business agreement with a business partner for managed human resources
services. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has been asked to provide documentation that is
required to set up a business-to-business VPN between the two organizations. Which of the following is
required in this scenario?
A. ISA
B. BIA
C. SLA
D. RA
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 8
Given the following output from a local PC:
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Which of the following ACLs on a stateful host-based firewall would allow the PC to serve an intranet
website?
A. Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> ANY

B. Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.0/16
C. Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.28:443
D. Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.28:53
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 9
A penetration tester has been contracted to conduct a physical assessment of a site. Which of the following
is the MOST plausible method of social engineering to be conducted during this engagement?
A. Randomly calling customer employees and posing as a help desk technician requiring user password to
resolve issues
B. Posing as a copier service technician and indicating the equipment had “phoned home” to alert the
technician for a service call
C. Simulating an illness while at a client location for a sales call and then recovering once listening devices
are installed
D. Obtaining fake government credentials and impersonating law enforcement to gain access to a
company facility
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 10
A penetration tester is conducting an assessment on Comptia.org and runs the following command from a
coffee shop while connected to the public Internet:
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Which of the following should the penetration tester conclude about the command output?
A. The public/private views on the Comptia.org DNS servers are misconfigured

B. Comptia.org is running an older mail server, which may be vulnerable to exploits
C. The DNS SPF records have not been updated for Comptia.org
D. 192.168.102.67 is a backup mail server that may be more vulnerable to attack
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 11
Two new technical SMB security settings have been enforced and have also become policies that increase
secure communications.
Network Client: Digitally sign communication
Network Server: Digitally sign communication
A storage administrator in a remote location with a legacy storage array, which contains time-sensitive data,
reports employees can no longer connect to their department shares. Which of the following mitigation
strategies should an information security manager recommend to the data owner?
A. Accept the risk, reverse the settings for the remote location, and have the remote location file a risk
exception until the legacy storage device can be upgraded
B. Accept the risk for the remote location, and reverse the settings indefinitely since the legacy storage
device will not be upgraded
C. Mitigate the risk for the remote location by suggesting a move to a cloud service provider. Have the
remote location request an indefinite risk exception for the use of cloud storage
D. Avoid the risk, leave the settings alone, and decommission the legacy storage device
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 12
A security engineer is designing a system in which offshore, outsourced staff can push code from the
development environment to the production environment securely. The security engineer is concerned with
data loss, while the business does not want to slow down its development process. Which of the following
solutions BEST balances security requirements with business need?
A. Set up a VDI environment that prevents copying and pasting to the local workstations of outsourced staff
members
B. Install a client-side VPN on the staff laptops and limit access to the development network
C. Create an IPSec VPN tunnel from the development network to the office of the outsourced staff
D. Use online collaboration tools to initiate workstation-sharing sessions with local staff who have access to
the development network
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Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 13
A systems security engineer is assisting an organization’s market survey team in reviewing requirements for
an upcoming acquisition of mobile devices. The engineer expresses concerns to the survey team about a
particular class of devices that uses a separate SoC for baseband radio I/O. For which of the following
reasons is the engineer concerned?
A. These devices can communicate over networks older than HSPA+ and LTE standards, exposing device
communications to poor encryptions routines
B. The organization will be unable to restrict the use of NFC, electromagnetic induction, and Bluetooth
technologies
C. The associated firmware is more likely to remain out of date and potentially vulnerable
D. The manufacturers of the baseband radios are unable to enforce mandatory access controls within their
driver set
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 14
During a security assessment, an organization is advised of inadequate control over network segmentation.
The assessor explains that the organization’s reliance on VLANs to segment traffic is insufficient to provide
segmentation based on regulatory standards. Which of the following should the organization consider
implementing along with VLANs to provide a greater level of segmentation?
A. Air gaps
B. Access control lists
C. Spanning tree protocol
D. Network virtualization
E. Elastic load balancing
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 15
A security administrator was informed that a server unexpectedly rebooted. The administrator received an
export of syslog entries for analysis:
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Which of the following does the log sample indicate? (Choose two.)
A. A root user performed an injection attack via kernel module

B. Encrypted payroll data was successfully decrypted by the attacker
C. Jsmith successfully used a privilege escalation attack
D. Payroll data was exfiltrated to an attacker-controlled host
E. Buffer overflow in memory paging caused a kernel panic
F. Syslog entries were lost due to the host being rebooted
Correct Answer: CE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 16
An organization has employed the services of an auditing firm to perform a gap assessment in preparation
for an upcoming audit. As part of the gap assessment, the auditor supporting the assessment recommends
the organization engage with other industry partners to share information about emerging attacks to
organizations in the industry in which the organization functions. Which of the following types of information
could be drawn from such participation?
A. Threat modeling
B. Risk assessment
C. Vulnerability data
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D. Threat intelligence
E. Risk metrics
F. Exploit frameworks
Correct Answer: F
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 17
A recent penetration test identified that a web server has a major vulnerability. The web server hosts a
critical shipping application for the company and requires 99.99% availability. Attempts to fix the
vulnerability would likely break the application. The shipping application is due to be replaced in the next
three months. Which of the following would BEST secure the web server until the replacement web server
is ready?
A. Patch management
B. Antivirus
C. Application firewall
D. Spam filters
E. HIDS
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 18
To prepare for an upcoming audit, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) asks for all 1200
vulnerabilities on production servers to be remediated. The security engineer must determine which
vulnerabilities represent real threats that can be exploited so resources can be prioritized to migrate the
most dangerous risks. The CISO wants the security engineer to act in the same manner as would an
external threat, while using vulnerability scan results to prioritize any actions. Which of the following
approaches is described?
A. Blue team
B. Red team
C. Black box
D. White team
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
Reference: http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/the-types-of-penetration-testing/#gref
QUESTION 19
An engineer is evaluating the control profile to assign to a system containing PII, financial, and proprietary
data.
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Based on the data classification table above, which of the following BEST describes the overall
classification?
A. High confidentiality, high availability

B. High confidentiality, medium availability
C. Low availability, low confidentiality
D. High integrity, low availability
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 20
A security analyst is reviewing the corporate MDM settings and notices some disabled settings, which
consequently permit users to download programs from untrusted developers and manually install them.
After some conversations, it is confirmed that these settings were disabled to support the internal
development of mobile applications. The security analyst is now recommending that developers and testers
have a separate device profile allowing this, and that the rest of the organization’s users do not have the
ability to manually download and install untrusted applications. Which of the following settings should be
toggled to achieve the goal? (Choose two.)
A. OTA updates
B. Remote wiping
C. Side loading
D. Sandboxing
E. Containerization
F. Signed applications
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 21
A security incident responder discovers an attacker has gained access to a network and has overwritten
key system files with backdoor software. The server was reimaged and patched offline. Which of the
following tools should be implemented to detect similar attacks?
A. Vulnerability scanner
B. TPM
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C. Host-based firewall
D. File integrity monitor
E. NIPS
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 22
An organization is in the process of integrating its operational technology and information technology areas.
As part of the integration, some of the cultural aspects it would like to see include more efficient use of
resources during change windows, better protection of critical infrastructure, and the ability to respond to
incidents. The following observations have been identified:
1. The ICS supplier has specified that any software installed will result in lack of support.
2. There is no documented trust boundary defined between the SCADA and corporate networks.
3. Operational technology staff have to manage the SCADA equipment via the engineering workstation.
4. There is a lack of understanding of what is within the SCADA network.
Which of the following capabilities would BEST improve the security position?
A. VNC, router, and HIPS

B. SIEM, VPN, and firewall
C. Proxy, VPN, and WAF
D. IDS, NAC, and log monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 23
A company has hired an external security consultant to conduct a thorough review of all aspects of
corporate security. The company is particularly concerned about unauthorized access to its physical offices
resulting in network compromises. Which of the following should the consultant recommend be performed
to evaluate potential risks?
A. The consultant should attempt to gain access to physical offices through social engineering and then
attempt data exfiltration
B. The consultant should be granted access to all physical access control systems to review logs and
evaluate the likelihood of the threat
C. The company should conduct internal audits of access logs and employee social media feeds to identify
potential insider threats
D. The company should install a temporary CCTV system to detect unauthorized access to physical offices
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 24
A server (10.0.0.2) on the corporate network is experiencing a DoS from a number of marketing desktops
that have been compromised and are connected to a separate network segment. The security engineer
implements the following configuration on the management router:
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Which of the following is the engineer implementing?
A. Remotely triggered black hole

B. Route protection
C. Port security
D. Transport security
E. Address space layout randomization
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 25
An internal penetration tester was assessing a recruiting page for potential issues before it was pushed to
the production website. The penetration tester discovers an issue that must be corrected before the page
goes live. The web host administrator collects the log files below and gives them to the development team
so improvements can be made to the security design of the website.
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Which of the following types of attack vector did the penetration tester use?
A. SQL injection
B. CSRF
C. Brute force
D. XSS
E. TOC/TOU
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 26
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) for an organization wants to develop custom IDS rulesets
faster, prior to new rules being released by IDS vendors. Which of the following BEST meets this objective?
A. Identify a third-party source for IDS rules and change the configuration on the applicable IDSs to pull in
the new rulesets
B. Encourage cybersecurity analysts to review open-source intelligence products and threat database to
generate new IDS rules based on those sources
C. Leverage the latest TCP- and UDP-related RFCs to arm sensors and IDSs with appropriate heuristics
for anomaly detection
D. Use annual hacking conventions to document the latest attacks and threats, and then develop IDS rules
to counter those threats
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 27
A user workstation was infected with a new malware variant as a result of a drive-by download. The security
administrator reviews key controls on the infected workstation and discovers the following:
Which of the following would BEST prevent the problem from reoccurring in the future? (Choose two.)
A. Install HIPS
B. Enable DLP
C. Install EDR
D. Install HIDS
E. Enable application blacklisting
F. Improve patch management processes
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 28
An engineer is assisting with the design of a new virtualized environment that will house critical company
services and reduce the datacenter’s physical footprint. The company has expressed concern about the
integrity of operating systems and wants to ensure a vulnerability exploited in one datacenter segment
would not lead to the compromise of all others. Which of the following design objectives should the
engineer complete to BEST mitigate the company’s concerns? (Choose two.)
A. Deploy virtual desktop infrastructure with an OOB management network

B. Employ the use of vTPM with boot attestation
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C. Leverage separate physical hardware for sensitive services and data
D. Use a community CSP with independently managed security services
E. Deploy to a private cloud with hosted hypervisors on each physical machine
Correct Answer: AC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 29
After embracing a BYOD policy, a company is faced with new security challenges from unmanaged mobile
devices and laptops. The company’s IT department has seen a large number of the following incidents:
Duplicate IP addresses
Rogue network devices
Infected systems probing the company’s network
Which of the following should be implemented to remediate the above issues? (Choose two.)
A. Port security
B. Route protection
C. NAC
D. HIPS
E. NIDS
Correct Answer: BC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 30
Following a security assessment, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of
the assessment and evaluating potential risk treatment strategies. As part of the CISO’s evaluation, a
judgment of potential impact based on the identified risk is performed. To prioritize response actions, the
CISO uses past experience to take into account the exposure factor as well as the external accessibility of
the weakness identified. Which of the following is the CISO performing?
A. Documentation of lessons learned

B. Quantitative risk assessment
C. Qualitative assessment of risk
D. Business impact scoring
E. Threat modeling
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 31
A Chief Information Officer (CIO) publicly announces the implementation of a new financial system. As part
of a security assessment that includes a social engineering task, which of the following tasks should be
conducted to demonstrate the BEST means to gain information to use for a report on social vulnerability
details about the financial system?
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A. Call the CIO and ask for an interview, posing as a job seeker interested in an open position
B. Compromise the email server to obtain a list of attendees who responded to the invitation who is on the
IT staff
C. Notify the CIO that, through observation at events, malicious actors can identify individuals to befriend
D. Understand the CIO is a social drinker, and find the means to befriend the CIO at establishments the
CIO frequents
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 32
A recent assessment identified that several users’ mobile devices are running outdated versions of endpoint
security software that do not meet the company’s security policy. Which of the following should be
performed to ensure the users can access the network and meet the company’s security requirements?
A. Vulnerability assessment
B. Risk assessment
C. Patch management
D. Device quarantine
E. Incident management
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 33
A systems administrator at a medical imaging company discovers protected health information (PHI) on a
general-purpose file server. Which of the following steps should the administrator take NEXT?
A. Isolate all of the PHI on its own VLAN and keep it segregated at Layer 2
B. Immediately encrypt all PHI with AES-256
C. Delete all PHI from the network until the legal department is consulted
D. Consult the legal department to determine legal requirements
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 34
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of a gap analysis with an outside
cybersecurity consultant. The gap analysis reviewed all procedural and technical controls and found the
following:
High-impact controls implemented: 6 out of 10

Medium-impact controls implemented: 409 out of 472
Low-impact controls implemented: 97 out of 1000
The report includes a cost-benefit analysis for each control gap. The analysis yielded the following
information:
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Average high-impact control implementation cost: $15,000; Probable ALE for each high-impact control
gap: $95,000
Average medium-impact control implementation cost: $6,250; Probable ALE for each medium-impact
control gap: $11,000
Due to the technical construction and configuration of the corporate enterprise, slightly more than 50% of
the medium-impact controls will take two years to fully implement. Which of the following conclusions could
the CISO draw from the analysis?
A. Too much emphasis has been placed on eliminating low-risk vulnerabilities in the past
B. The enterprise security team has focused exclusively on mitigating high-level risks
C. Because of the significant ALE for each high-risk vulnerability, efforts should be focused on those
controls
D. The cybersecurity team has balanced residual risk for both high and medium controls
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 35
After investigating virus outbreaks that have cost the company $1000 per incident, the company’s Chief
Information Security Officer (CISO) has been researching new antivirus software solutions to use and be
fully supported for the next two years. The CISO has narrowed down the potential solutions to four
candidates that meet all the company’s performance and capability requirements:
Using the table above, which of the following would be the BEST business-driven choice among five
possible solutions?
A. Product A
B. Product B
C. Product C
D. Product D
E. Product E
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 36
A financial consulting firm recently recovered from some damaging incidents that were associated with
malware installed via rootkit. Post-incident analysis is ongoing, and the incident responders and systems
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administrators are working to determine a strategy to reduce the risk of recurrence. The firm’s systems are
running modern operating systems and feature UEFI and TPMs. Which of the following technical options
would provide the MOST preventive value?
A. Update and deploy GPOs

B. Configure and use measured boot
C. Strengthen the password complexity requirements
D. Update the antivirus software and definitions
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 37
A company monitors the performance of all web servers using WMI. A network administrator informs the
security engineer that web servers hosting the company’s client-facing portal are running slowly today. After
some investigation, the security engineer notices a large number of attempts at enumerating host
information via SNMP from multiple IP addresses. Which of the following would be the BEST technique for
the security engineer to employ in an attempt to prevent reconnaissance activity?
A. Install a HIPS on the web servers

B. Disable inbound traffic from offending sources
C. Disable SNMP on the web servers
D. Install anti-DDoS protection in the DMZ
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 38
One of the objectives of a bank is to instill a security awareness culture. Which of the following are
techniques that could help to achieve this? (Choose two.)
A. Blue teaming
B. Phishing simulations
C. Lunch-and-learn
D. Random audits
E. Continuous monitoring
F. Separation of duties
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 39
The risk subcommittee of a corporate board typically maintains a master register of the most prominent
risks to the company. A centralized holistic view of risk is particularly important to the corporate Chief
Information Security Officer (CISO) because:
A. IT systems are maintained in silos to minimize interconnected risks and provide clear risk boundaries
used to implement compensating controls
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B. risks introduced by a system in one business unit can affect other business units in ways in which the
individual business units have no awareness
C. corporate general counsel requires a single system boundary to determine overall corporate risk
exposure
D. major risks identified by the subcommittee merit the prioritized allocation of scare funding to address
cybersecurity concerns
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 40
An insurance company has two million customers and is researching the top transactions on its customer
portal. It identifies that the top transaction is currently password reset. Due to users not remembering their
secret questions, a large number of calls are consequently routed to the contact center for manual
password resets. The business wants to develop a mobile application to improve customer engagement in
the future, continue with a single factor of authentication, minimize management overhead of the solution,
remove passwords, and eliminate to the contact center. Which of the following techniques would BEST
meet the requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Magic link sent to an email address

B. Customer ID sent via push notification
C. SMS with OTP sent to a mobile number
D. Third-party social login
E. Certificate sent to be installed on a device
F. Hardware tokens sent to customers
Correct Answer: CE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 41
A security engineer has implemented an internal user access review tool so service teams can baseline
user accounts and group memberships. The tool is functional and popular among its initial set of onboarded
teams. However, the tool has not been built to cater to a broader set of internal teams yet. The engineer
has sought feedback from internal stakeholders, and a list of summarized requirements is as follows:
The tool needs to be responsive so service teams can query it, and then perform an automated
response action.
The tool needs to be resilient to outages so service teams can perform the user access review at any
point in time and meet their own SLAs.
The tool will become the system-of-record for approval, reapproval, and removal life cycles of group
memberships and must allow for data retrieval after failure.
Which of the following need specific attention to meet the requirements listed above? (Choose three.)
A. Scalability
B. Latency
C. Availability
D. Usability
E. Recoverability
F. Maintainability
Correct Answer: BCE
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Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 42
The board of a financial services company has requested that the senior security analyst acts as a
cybersecurity advisor in order to comply with recent federal legislation. The analyst is required to give a
report on current cybersecurity and threat trends in the financial services industry at the next board meeting.
Which of the following would be the BEST methods to prepare this report? (Choose two.)
A. Review the CVE database for critical exploits over the past year
B. Use social media to contact industry analysts
C. Use intelligence gathered from the Internet relay chat channels
D. Request information from security vendors and government agencies
E. Perform a penetration test of the competitor’s network and share the results with the board
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 43
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has asked the security team to determine whether the
organization is susceptible to a zero-day exploit utilized in the banking industry and whether attribution is
possible. The CISO has asked what process would be utilized to gather the information, and then wants to
apply signatureless controls to stop these kinds of attacks in the future. Which of the following are the
MOST appropriate ordered steps to take to meet the CISO’s request?
A. 1. Perform the ongoing research of the best practices

2. Determine current vulnerabilities and threats
3. Apply Big Data techniques
4. Use antivirus control
B. 1. Apply artificial intelligence algorithms for detection
2. Inform the CERT team
3. Research threat intelligence and potential adversaries
4. Utilize threat intelligence to apply Big Data techniques
C. 1. Obtain the latest IOCs from the open source repositories
2. Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches
3. Sandbox any suspicious files
4. Notify the CERT team to apply a future proof threat model
D. 1. Analyze the current threat intelligence
2. Utilize information sharing to obtain the latest industry IOCs
3. Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches
4. Apply machine learning algorithms
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 44
A software development team is conducting functional and user acceptance testing of internally developed
web applications using a COTS solution. For automated testing, the solution uses valid user credentials
from the enterprise directory to authenticate to each application. The solution stores the username in plain
text and the corresponding password as an encoded string in a script within a file, located on a globally
accessible network share. The account credentials used belong to the development team lead. To reduce
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the risks associated with this scenario while minimizing disruption to ongoing testing, which of the following
are the BEST actions to take? (Choose two.)
A. Restrict access to the network share by adding a group only for developers to the share’s ACL
B. Implement a new COTS solution that does not use hard-coded credentials and integrates with directory
services
C. Obfuscate the username within the script file with encoding to prevent easy identification and the
account used
D. Provision a new user account within the enterprise directory and enable its use for authentication to the
target applications. Share the username and password with all developers for use in their individual
scripts
E. Redesign the web applications to accept single-use, local account credentials for authentication
Correct Answer: AB
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 45
A security consultant is attempting to discover if the company is utilizing databases on client machines to
store the customer data. The consultant reviews the following information:
Which of the following commands would have provided this output?
A. arp -s
B. netstat -a
C. ifconfig -arp
D. sqlmap -w
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 46
Management is reviewing the results of a recent risk assessment of the organization’s policies and
procedures. During the risk assessment it is determined that procedures associated with background
checks have not been effectively implemented. In response to this risk, the organization elects to revise
policies and procedures related to background checks and use a third-party to perform background checks
on all new employees. Which of the following risk management strategies has the organization employed?
A. Transfer
B. Mitigate
C. Accept
D. Avoid
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E. Reject
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 47
A company wants to perform analysis of a tool that is suspected to contain a malicious payload. A forensic
analyst is given the following snippet:
^32^[34fda19(fd^43gfd/home/user/lib/module.so.343jk^rfw(342fds43g
Which of the following did the analyst use to determine the location of the malicious payload?
A. Code deduplicators
B. Binary reverse-engineering
C. Fuzz testing
D. Security containers
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 48
An advanced threat emulation engineer is conducting testing against a client’s network. The engineer
conducts the testing in as realistic a manner as possible. Consequently, the engineer has been gradually
ramping up the volume of attacks over a long period of time. Which of the following combinations of
techniques would the engineer MOST likely use in this testing? (Choose three.)
A. Black box testing

B. Gray box testing
C. Code review
D. Social engineering
E. Vulnerability assessment
F. Pivoting
G. Self-assessment
H. White teaming
I. External auditing
Correct Answer: AEF

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 49
A security engineer must establish a method to assess compliance with company security policies as they
apply to the unique configuration of individual endpoints, as well as to the shared configuration policies of
common devices.
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following tools is the security engineer using to produce the above output?
B. SIEM
C. Port scanner
D. SCAP scanner
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 50
A newly hired systems administrator is trying to connect a new and fully updated, but very customized,
Android device to access corporate resources. However, the MDM enrollment process continually fails. The
administrator asks a security team member to look into the issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely
reason the MDM is not allowing enrollment?
A. The OS version is not compatible

B. The OEM is prohibited
C. The device does not support FDE
D. The device is rooted
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 51
A hospital uses a legacy electronic medical record system that requires multicast for traffic between the
application servers and databases on virtual hosts that support segments of the application. Following a
switch upgrade, the electronic medical record is unavailable despite physical connectivity between the
hypervisor and the storage being in place. The network team must enable multicast traffic to restore access
to the electronic medical record. The ISM states that the network team must reduce the footprint of
multicast traffic on the network.
DR.COMPUTER
Using the above information, on which VLANs should multicast be enabled?
A. VLAN201, VLAN202, VLAN400

B. VLAN201, VLAN202, VLAN700
C. VLAN201, VLAN202, VLAN400, VLAN680, VLAN700
D. VLAN400, VLAN680, VLAN700
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 52
A security administrator wants to allow external organizations to cryptographically validate the company’s
domain name in email messages sent by employees. Which of the following should the security
administrator implement?
A. SPF
B. S/MIME
C. TLS
D. DKIM
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMARC
QUESTION 53
An organization is preparing to develop a business continuity plan. The organization is required to meet
regulatory requirements relating to confidentiality and availability, which are well-defined. Management has
expressed concern following initial meetings that the organization is not fully aware of the requirements
associated with the regulations. Which of the following would be MOST appropriate for the project manager
to solicit additional resources for during this phase of the project?
A. After-action reports
B. Gap assessment
C. Security requirements traceability matrix
D. Business impact assessment
E. Risk analysis
Correct Answer: B
DR.COMPUTER
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 54
A SaaS-based email service provider often receives reports from legitimate customers that their IP
netblocks are on blacklists and they cannot send email. The SaaS has confirmed that affected customers
typically have IP addresses within broader network ranges and some abusive customers within the same IP
ranges may have performed spam campaigns. Which of the following actions should the SaaS provider
perform to minimize legitimate customer impact?
A. Inform the customer that the service provider does not have any control over third-party blacklist entries.
The customer should reach out to the blacklist operator directly
B. Perform a takedown of any customer accounts that have entries on email blacklists because this is a
strong indicator of hostile behavior
C. Work with the legal department and threaten legal action against the blacklist operator if the netblocks
are not removed because this is affecting legitimate traffic
D. Establish relationship with a blacklist operators so broad entries can be replaced with more granular
entries and incorrect entries can be quickly pruned
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 55
An agency has implemented a data retention policy that requires tagging data according to type before
storing it in the data repository. The policy requires all business emails be automatically deleted after two
years. During an open records investigation, information was found on an employee’s work computer
concerning a conversation that occurred three years prior and proved damaging to the agency’s reputation.
Which of the following MOST likely caused the data leak?
A. The employee manually changed the email client retention settings to prevent deletion of emails
B. The file that contained the damaging information was mistagged and retained on the server for longer
than it should have been
C. The email was encrypted and an exception was put in place via the data classification application
D. The employee saved a file on the computer’s hard drive that contained archives of emails, which were
more than two years old
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 56
A forensics analyst suspects that a breach has occurred. Security logs show the company’s OS patch
system may be compromised, and it is serving patches that contain a zero-day exploit and backdoor. The
analyst extracts an executable file from a packet capture of communication between a client computer and
the patch server. Which of the following should the analyst use to confirm this suspicion?
A. File size
B. Digital signature
C. Checksums
D. Anti-malware software
DR.COMPUTER
E. Sandboxing
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 57
A company is acquiring incident response and forensic assistance from a managed security service
provider in the event of a data breach. The company has selected a partner and must now provide required
documents to be reviewed and evaluated. Which of the following documents would BEST protect the
company and ensure timely assistance? (Choose two.)
A. RA
B. BIA
C. NDA
D. RFI
E. RFQ
F. MSA
Correct Answer: CF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 58
A security architect is implementing security measures in response to an external audit that found
vulnerabilities in the corporate collaboration tool suite. The report identified the lack of any mechanism to
provide confidentiality for electronic correspondence between users and between users and group
mailboxes. Which of the following controls would BEST mitigate the identified vulnerability?
A. Issue digital certificates to all users, including owners of group mailboxes, and enable S/MIME
B. Federate with an existing PKI provider, and reject all non-signed emails
C. Implement two-factor email authentication, and require users to hash all email messages upon receipt
D. Provide digital certificates to all systems, and eliminate the user group or shared mailboxes
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 59
Which of the following BEST represents a risk associated with merging two enterprises during an
acquisition?
A. The consolidation of two different IT enterprises increases the likelihood of the data loss because there
are now two backup systems
B. Integrating two different IT systems might result in a successful data breach if threat intelligence is not
shared between the two enterprises
C. Merging two enterprise networks could result in an expanded attack surface and could cause outages if
trust and permission issues are not handled carefully
D. Expanding the set of data owners requires an in-depth review of all data classification decisions,
impacting availability during the review
DR.COMPUTER
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 60
Two competing companies experienced similar attacks on their networks from various threat actors. To
improve response times, the companies wish to share some threat intelligence about the sources and
methods of attack. Which of the following business documents would be BEST to document this
engagement?
A. Business partnership agreement

B. Memorandum of understanding
C. Service-level agreement
D. Interconnection security agreement
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
Reference: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/legacy/sp/nistspecialpublication800-47.pdf
QUESTION 61
A company is developing requirements for a customized OS build that will be used in an embedded
environment. The company procured hardware that is capable of reducing the likelihood of successful
buffer overruns while executables are processing. Which of the following capabilities must be included for
the OS to take advantage of this critical hardware-based countermeasure?
A. Application whitelisting
B. NX/XN bit
C. ASLR
D. TrustZone
E. SCP
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 62
A software development team has spent the last 18 months developing a new web-based front-end that will
allow clients to check the status of their orders as they proceed through manufacturing. The marketing team
schedules a launch party to present the new application to the client base in two weeks. Before the launch,
the security team discovers numerous flaws that may introduce dangerous vulnerabilities, allowing direct
access to a database used by manufacturing. The development team did not plan to remediate these
vulnerabilities during development. Which of the following SDLC best practices should the development
team have followed?
A. Implementing regression testing

B. Completing user acceptance testing
C. Verifying system design documentation
D. Using a SRTM
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 63
An engineer maintains a corporate-owned mobility infrastructure, and the organization requires that all web
browsing using corporate-owned resources be monitored. Which of the following would allow the
organization to meet its requirement? (Choose two.)
A. Exempt mobile devices from the requirement, as this will lead to privacy violations
B. Configure the devices to use an always-on IPSec VPN
C. Configure all management traffic to be tunneled into the enterprise via TLS
D. Implement a VDI solution and deploy supporting client apps to devices
E. Restrict application permissions to establish only HTTPS connections outside of the enterprise boundary
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 64
After multiple service interruptions caused by an older datacenter design, a company decided to migrate
away from its datacenter. The company has successfully completed the migration of all datacenter servers
and services to a cloud provider. The migration project includes the following phases:
Selection of a cloud provider

Architectural design
Microservice segmentation
Virtual private cloud
Geographic service redundancy
Service migration
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is still concerned with the availability requirements of critical
company applications. Which of the following should the company implement NEXT?
A. Multicloud solution
B. Single-tenancy private cloud
C. Hybrid cloud solution
D. Cloud access security broker
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 65
A security controls assessor intends to perform a holistic configuration compliance test of networked
assets. The assessor has been handed a package of definitions provided in XML format, and many of the
files have two common tags within them: “<object object_ref=… />” and “<state
state_ref=… />”. Which of the following tools BEST supports the use of these definitions?
A. HTTP interceptor
B. Static code analyzer
C. SCAP scanner
D. XML fuzzer
DR.COMPUTER
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 66
Legal authorities notify a company that its network has been compromised for the second time in two years.
The investigation shows the attackers were able to use the same vulnerability on different systems in both
attacks. Which of the following would have allowed the security team to use historical information to protect
against the second attack?
A. Key risk indicators

B. Lessons learned
C. Recovery point objectives
D. Tabletop exercise
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 67
A web developer has implemented HTML5 optimizations into a legacy web application. One of the
modifications the web developer made was the following client side optimization:
localStorage.setItem(“session-cookie”, document.cookie);
Which of the following should the security engineer recommend?
A. SessionStorage should be used so authorized cookies expire after the session ends
B. Cookies should be marked as “secure” and “HttpOnly”
C. Cookies should be scoped to a relevant domain/path
D. Client-side cookies should be replaced by server-side mechanisms
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 68
A hospital’s security team recently determined its network was breached and patient data was accessed by
an external entity. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of the hospital approaches the executive
management team with this information, reports the vulnerability that led to the breach has already been
remediated, and explains the team is continuing to follow the appropriate incident response plan. The
executive team is concerned about the hospital’s brand reputation and asks the CISO when the incident
should be disclosed to the affected patients. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate response?
A. When it is mandated by their legal and regulatory requirements

B. As soon as possible in the interest of the patients
C. As soon as the public relations department is ready to be interviewed
D. When all steps related to the incident response plan are completed
E. Upon the approval of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to release information to the public
Correct Answer: A
DR.COMPUTER
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 69
A deployment manager is working with a software development group to assess the security of a new
version of the organization’s internally developed ERP tool. The organization prefers to not perform
assessment activities following deployment, instead focusing on assessing security throughout the life
cycle. Which of the following methods would BEST assess the security of the product?
A. Static code analysis in the IDE environment

B. Penetration testing of the UAT environment
C. Vulnerability scanning of the production environment
D. Penetration testing of the production environment
E. Peer review prior to unit testing
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 70
During a security event investigation, a junior analyst fails to create an image of a server’s hard drive before
removing the drive and sending it to the forensics analyst. Later, the evidence from the analysis is not
usable in the prosecution of the attackers due to the uncertainty of tampering. Which of the following should
the junior analyst have followed?
A. Continuity of operations
B. Chain of custody
C. Order of volatility
D. Data recovery
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
Reference: https://www.computer-forensics-recruiter.com/order-of-volatility/
QUESTION 71
A team is at the beginning stages of designing a new enterprise-wide application. The new application will
have a large database and require a capital investment in hardware. The Chief Information Officer (СIO)
has directed the team to save money and reduce the reliance on the datacenter, and the vendor must
specialize in hosting large databases in the cloud. Which of the following cloud-hosting options would BEST
meet these needs?
A. Multi-tenancy SaaS
B. Hybrid IaaS
C. Single-tenancy PaaS
D. Community IaaS
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 72
A company wants to extend its help desk availability beyond business hours. The Chief Information Officer
(CIO) decides to augment the help desk with a third-party service that will answer calls and provide Tier 1
problem resolution, such as password resets and remote assistance. The security administrator implements
the following firewall change:
The administrator provides the appropriate path and credentials to the third-party company. Which of the
following technologies is MOST likely being used to provide access to the third company?
A. LDAP
B. WAYF
C. OpenID
D. RADIUS
E. SAML
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 73
An architect was recently hired by a power utility to increase the security posture of the company’s power
generation and distribution sites. Upon review, the architect identifies legacy hardware with highly
vulnerable and unsupported software driving critical operations. These systems must exchange data with
each other, be highly synchronized, and pull from the Internet time sources. Which of the following
architectural decisions would BEST reduce the likelihood of a successful attack without harming operational
capability? (Choose two.)
A. Isolate the systems on their own network

B. Install a firewall and IDS between systems and the LAN
C. Employ own stratum-0 and stratum-1 NTP servers
D. Upgrade the software on critical systems
E. Configure the systems to use government-hosted NTP servers
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 74
A business is growing and starting to branch out into other locations. In anticipation of opening an office in a
different country, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and legal team agree they need to meet the
following criteria regarding data to open the new office:
Store taxation-related documents for five years

Store customer addresses in an encrypted format
DR.COMPUTER
Destroy customer information after one year
Keep data only in the customer’s home country
Which of the following should the CISO implement to BEST meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A. Capacity planning policy

B. Data retention policy
C. Data classification standard
D. Legal compliance policy
E. Data sovereignty policy
F. Backup policy
G. Acceptable use policy
H. Encryption standard
Correct Answer: BEH

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 75
A company contracts a security engineer to perform a penetration test of its client-facing web portal. Which
of the following activities would be MOST appropriate?
A. Use a protocol analyzer against the site to see if data input can be replayed from the browser
B. Scan the website through an interception proxy and identify areas for the code injection
C. Scan the site with a port scanner to identify vulnerable services running on the web server
D. Use network enumeration tools to identify if the server is running behind a load balancer
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 76
A large enterprise with thousands of users is experiencing a relatively high frequency of malicious activity
from the insider threats. Much of the activity appears to involve internal reconnaissance that results in
targeted attacks against privileged users and network file shares. Given this scenario, which of the following
would MOST likely prevent or deter these attacks? (Choose two.)
A. Conduct role-based training for privileged users that highlights common threats against them and covers
best practices to thwart attacks
B. Increase the frequency at which host operating systems are scanned for vulnerabilities, and decrease
the amount of time permitted between vulnerability identification and the application of corresponding
patches
C. Enforce command shell restrictions via group policies for all workstations by default to limit which native
operating system tools are available for use
D. Modify the existing rules of behavior to include an explicit statement prohibiting users from enumerating
user and file directories using available tools and/or accessing visible resources that do not directly
pertain to their job functions
E. For all workstations, implement full-disk encryption and configure UEFI instances to require complex
passwords for authentication
F. Implement application blacklisting enforced by the operating systems of all machines in the enterprise
Correct Answer: CD
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 77
An organization is currently working with a client to migrate data between a legacy ERP system and a
cloud-based ERP tool using a global PaaS provider. As part of the engagement, the organization is
performing data deduplication and sanitization of client data to ensure compliance with regulatory
requirements. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the need to sanitize the client data?
A. Data aggregation
B. Data sovereignty
C. Data isolation
D. Data volume
E. Data analytics
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 78
The code snippet below controls all electronic door locks to a secure facility in which the doors should only
fail open in an emergency. In the code, “criticalValue” indicates if an emergency is underway:
Which of the following is the BEST course of action for a security analyst to recommend to the software
developer?
A. Rewrite the software to implement fine-grained, conditions-based testing

B. Add additional exception handling logic to the main program to prevent doors from being opened
C. Apply for a life-safety-based risk exception allowing secure doors to fail open
D. Rewrite the software’s exception handling routine to fail in a secure state
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 79
SIMULATION
Compliance with company policy requires a quarterly review of firewall rules. You are asked to conduct a
review on the internal firewall sitting between several internal networks. The intent of this firewall is to make
traffic more secure. Given the following information perform the tasks listed below:
Untrusted zone: 0.0.0.0/0
DR.COMPUTER
User zone: USR 10.1.1.0/24
User zone: USR2 10.1.2.0/24
DB zone: 10.1.4.0/24
Web application zone: 10.1.5.0/24
Management zone: 10.1.10.0/24
Web server: 10.1.5.50
MS-SQL server: 10.1.4.70
MGMT platform: 10.1.10.250
Instructions: To perform the necessary tasks, please modify the DST port, SRC zone, Protocol, Action, and/
or Rule Order columns. Type ANY to include all ports. Firewall ACLs are read from the top down. Once you
have met the simulation requirements, click Save. When you have completed the simulation, please select
the Done button to submit. Once the simulation is submitted, please select the Next button to continue.
Task 1) A rule was added to prevent the management platform from accessing the internet. This rule is not
working. Identify the rule and correct this issue.
Task 2) The firewall must be configured so that the SQL server can only receive requests from the web
server.
Task 3) The web server must be able to receive unencrypted requests from hosts inside and outside the
corporate network.
Task 4) Ensure the final rule is an explicit deny.
Task 5) Currently the user zone can access internet websites over an unencrypted protocol. Modify a rule
so that user access to websites is over secure protocols only.
Correct Answer: Please see the explanation below

Section: (none)
Explanation
Explanation:
Task 1: A rule was added to prevent the management platform from accessing the internet. This rule is not
working. Identify the rule and correct this issue.
In Rule no. 1 edit the Action to Deny to block internet access from the management platform.
Task 2: The firewall must be configured so that the SQL server can only receive requests from the web
server.
In Rule no. 6 from top, edit the Action to be Permit.
DR.COMPUTER
Task 3: The web server must be able to receive unencrypted requests from hosts inside and outside the
corporate network.
In rule no. 5 from top, change the DST port to Any from 80 to allow all unencrypted traffic.
Task 4: Ensure the final rule is an explicit deny
Enter this at the bottom of the access list i.e. the line at the bottom of the rule:
Task 5: Currently the user zone can access internet websites over an unencrypted protocol. Modify a rule
so that user access to websites is over secure protocols only.
In Rule number 4 from top, edit the DST port to 443 from 80
QUESTION 80
A software development manager is running a project using agile development methods. The company
cybersecurity engineer has noticed a high number of vulnerabilities have been making it into production
code on the project.
Which of the following methods could be used in addition to an integrated development environment to
reduce the severity of the issue?
A. Conduct a penetration test on each function as it is developed

B. Develop a set of basic checks for common coding errors
C. Adopt a waterfall method of software development
D. Implement unit tests that incorporate static code analyzers
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 81
SIMULATION
DR.COMPUTER
DR.COMPUTER
Correct Answer: Please see the explanation below
Section: (none)
Explanation
Step 1: Verify that the certificate is valid or not. In case of any warning message, cancel the download.
Step 2: If certificate issue is not there then, download the file in your system.
Step 3: Calculate the hash value of the downloaded file.
Step 4: Match the hash value of the downloaded file with the one which you selected on the website.
Step 5: Install the file if the hash value matches.
QUESTION 82
Given the code snippet below:
Which of the following vulnerability types in the MOST concerning?
A. Only short usernames are supported, which could result in brute forcing of credentials.
B. Buffer overflow in the username parameter could lead to a memory corruption vulnerability.
C. Hardcoded usernames with different code paths taken depend on which user is entered.
D. Format string vulnerability is present for admin users but not for standard users.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 83
To meet an SLA, which of the following document should be drafted, defining the company’s internal
interdependent unit responsibilities and delivery timelines.
A. BPA
B. OLA
C. MSA
D. MOU
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
Explanation:
OLA is an agreement between the internal support groups of an institution that supports SLA. According to
the Operational Level Agreement, each internal support group has certain responsibilities to the other
group. The OLA clearly depicts the performance and relationship of the internal service groups. The main
objective of OLA is to ensure that all the support groups provide the intended ServiceLevelAgreement.
QUESTION 84
A security analyst sees some suspicious entries in a log file from a web server website, which has a form
that allows customers to leave feedback on the company’s products. The analyst believes a malicious actor
is scanning the web form. To know which security controls to put in place, the analyst first needs to
determine the type of activity occurring to design a control. Given the log below:
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following is the MOST likely type of activity occurring?
A. SQL injection
B. XSS scanning
C. Fuzzing
D. Brute forcing
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 85
An organization has established the following controls matrix:
DR.COMPUTER
The following control sets have been defined by the organization and are applied in aggregate fashion:
Systems containing PII are protected with the minimum control set.
Systems containing medical data are protected at the moderate level.
Systems containing cardholder data are protected at the high level.
The organization is preparing to deploy a system that protects the confidentially of a database containing PII
and medical data from clients. Based on the controls classification, which of the following controls would
BEST meet these requirements?
A. Proximity card access to the server room, context-based authentication, UPS, and full-disk encryption
for the database server.
B. Cipher lock on the server room door, FDE, surge protector, and static analysis of all application code.
C. Peer review of all application changes, static analysis of application code, UPS, and penetration testing
of the complete system.
D. Intrusion detection capabilities, network-based IPS, generator, and context-based authentication.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 86
A company’s existing forward proxies support software-based TLS decryption, but are currently at 60% load
just dealing with AV scanning and content analysis for HTTP traffic. More than 70% outbound web traffic is
currently encrypted. The switching and routing network infrastructure precludes adding capacity, preventing
the installation of a dedicated TLS decryption system. The network firewall infrastructure is currently at 30%
load and has software decryption modules that can be activated by purchasing additional license keys. An
existing project is rolling out agent updates to end-user desktops as part of an endpoint security refresh.
Which of the following is the BEST way to address these issues and mitigate risks to the organization?
A. Purchase the SSL, decryption license for the firewalls and route traffic back to the proxies for end-user
categorization and malware analysis.
B. Roll out application whitelisting to end-user desktops and decommission the existing proxies, freeing up
network ports.
C. Use an EDP solution to address the malware issue and accept the diminishing role of the proxy for URL
categorization in the short team.
D. Accept the current risk and seek possible funding approval in the next budget cycle to replace the
existing proxies with ones with more capacity.
Correct Answer: A
DR.COMPUTER
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 87
A recent CRM upgrade at a branch office was completed after the desired deadline. Several technical
issues were found during the upgrade and need to be discussed in depth before the next branch office is
upgraded.
Which of the following should be used to identify weak processes and other vulnerabilities?
A. Gap analysis
B. Benchmarks and baseline results
C. Risk assessment
D. Lessons learned report
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 88
A threat advisory alert was just emailed to the IT security staff. The alert references specific types of host
operating systems that can allow an unauthorized person to access files on a system remotely. A fix was
recently published, but it requires a recent endpoint protection engine to be installed prior to running the fix.
Which of the following MOST likely need to be configured to ensure the system are mitigated accordingly?
(Select two.)
A. Antivirus
B. HIPS
C. Application whitelisting
D. Patch management
E. Group policy implementation
F. Firmware updates
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 89
A network engineer is attempting to design-in resiliency characteristics for an enterprise network’s VPN
services.
If the engineer wants to help ensure some resilience against zero-day vulnerabilities exploited against the
VPN implementation, which of the following decisions would BEST support this objective?
A. Implement a reverse proxy for VPN traffic that is defended and monitored by the organization’s SOC
with near-real-time alerting to administrators.
B. Subscribe to a managed service provider capable of supporting the mitigation of advanced DDoS
attacks on the enterprise’s pool of VPN concentrators.
C. Distribute the VPN concentrators across multiple systems at different physical sites to ensure some
backup services are available in the event of primary site loss.
DR.COMPUTER
D. Employ a second VPN layer concurrently where the other layer’s cryptographic implementation is
sourced from a different vendor.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 90
An information security officer is responsible for one secure network and one office network. Recent
intelligence suggests there is an opportunity for attackers to gain access to the secure network due to
similar login credentials across networks. To determine the users who should change their information, the
information security officer uses a tool to scan a file with hashed values on both networks and receives the
following data:
Which of the following tools was used to gather this information from the hashed values in the file?
B. Fuzzer
C. MD5 generator
D. Password cracker
E. Protocol analyzer
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 91
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO is reviewing and revising system configuration and hardening
guides that were developed internally and have been used several years to secure the organization’s
systems. The CISO knows improvements can be made to the guides.
Which of the following would be the BEST source of reference during the revision process?
A. CVE database
B. Internal security assessment reports
C. Industry-accepted standards
D. External vulnerability scan reports
E. Vendor-specific implementation guides
Correct Answer: A
DR.COMPUTER
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 92
A systems administrator recently joined an organization and has been asked to perform a security
assessment of controls on the organization’s file servers, which contain client data from a number of
sensitive systems. The administrator needs to compare documented access requirements to the access
implemented within the file system.
Which of the following is MOST likely to be reviewed during the assessment? (Select two.)
A. Access control list

B. Security requirements traceability matrix
C. Data owner matrix
D. Roles matrix
E. Data design document
F. Data access policies
Correct Answer: AF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 93
Security policies that are in place at an organization prohibit USB drives from being utilized across the entire
enterprise, with adequate technical controls in place to block them. As a way to still be able to work from
various locations on different computing resources, several sales staff members have signed up for a web-
based storage solution without the consent of the IT department. However, the operations department is
required to use the same service to transmit certain business partner documents.
Which of the following would BEST allow the IT department to monitor and control this behavior?
A. Enabling AAA
B. Deploying a CASB
C. Configuring an NGFW
D. Installing a WAF
E. Utilizing a vTPM
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 94
Legal counsel has notified the information security manager of a legal matter that will require the
preservation of electronic records for 2000 sales force employees. Source records will be email, PC,
network shares, and applications.
After all restrictions have been lifted, which of the following should the information manager review?
A. Data retention policy

B. Legal hold
C. Chain of custody
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D. Scope statement
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 95
SIMULATION
As a security administrator, you are asked to harden a server running Red Hat Enterprise Server 5.5 64-bit.
This server is being used as a DNS and time server. It is not used as a database, web server, or print
server. There are no wireless connections to the server, and it does not need to print.
The command window will be provided along with root access. You are connected via a secure shell with
root access.
You may query help for a list of commands.
Instructions:
You need to disable and turn off unrelated services and processes.
It is possible to simulate a crash of your server session. The simulation can be reset, but the server cannot
be rebooted. If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the
Reset All button.
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Correct Answer: See the explanation below
Section: (none)
Explanation
Explanation:
In Order to deactivate web services, database services and print service, we can do following things
1) deactivate its services
/etc/init.d/apache2 stop
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
2) close ports for these services
Web Server
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j REJECT
service iptables save
Print Server
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j REJECT
Database Server
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport <<port umber>> -j REJECT
3) Kill the process any running for the same
ps -aef|grep mysql
kill -9 <<process id>>
QUESTION 96
The legal department has required that all traffic to and from a company’s cloud-based word processing
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and email system is logged. To meet this requirement, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has
implemented a next-generation firewall to perform inspection of the secure traffic and has decided to use a
cloud-based log aggregation solution for all traffic that is logged.
Which of the following presents a long-term risk to user privacy in this scenario?
A. Confidential or sensitive documents are inspected by the firewall before being logged.
B. Latency when viewing videos and other online content may increase.
C. Reports generated from the firewall will take longer to produce due to more information from inspected
traffic.
D. Stored logs may contain non-encrypted usernames and passwords for personal websites.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 97
A consultant is hired to perform a passive vulnerability assessment of a company to determine what
information might be collected about the company and its employees. The assessment will be considered
successful if the consultant can discover the name of one of the IT administrators.
Which of the following is MOST likely to produce the needed information?
A. Whois
B. DNS enumeration
C. Vulnerability scanner
D. Fingerprinting
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 98
A breach was caused by an insider threat in which customer PII was compromised. Following the breach, a
lead security analyst is asked to determine which vulnerabilities the attacker used to access company
resources.
Which of the following should the analyst use to remediate the vulnerabilities?
A. Protocol analyzer
B. Root cause analysis
C. Behavioral analytics
D. Data leak prevention
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 99
A security analyst has requested network engineers integrate sFlow into the SOC’s overall monitoring
picture. For this to be a useful addition to the monitoring capabilities, which of the following must be
considered by the engineering team?
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A. Effective deployment of network taps
B. Overall bandwidth available at Internet PoP
C. Optimal placement of log aggregators
D. Availability of application layer visualizers
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 100
Ann, a member of the finance department at a large corporation, has submitted a suspicious email she
received to the information security team. The team was not expecting an email from Ann, and it contains a
PDF file inside a ZIP compressed archive. The information security learn is not sure which files were
opened. A security team member uses an air-gapped PC to open the ZIP and PDF, and it appears to be a
social engineering attempt to deliver an exploit.
Which of the following would provide greater insight on the potential impact of this attempted attack?
A. Run an antivirus scan on the finance PC.

B. Use a protocol analyzer on the air-gapped PC.
C. Perform reverse engineering on the document.
D. Analyze network logs for unusual traffic.
E. Run a baseline analyzer against the user’s computer.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 101
A new cluster of virtual servers has been set up in a lab environment and must be audited before being
allowed on the production network. The security manager needs to ensure unnecessary services are
disabled and all system accounts are using strong credentials.
Which of the following tools should be used? (Choose two.)
A. Fuzzer
B. SCAP scanner
C. Packet analyzer
D. Password cracker
E. Network enumerator
F. SIEM
Correct Answer: BF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 102
A security engineer is embedded with a development team to ensure security is built into products being
developed. The security engineer wants to ensure developers are not blocked by a large number of security
requirements applied at specific schedule points.
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Which of the following solutions BEST meets the engineer’s goal?
A. Schedule weekly reviews of al unit test results with the entire development team and follow up between
meetings with surprise code inspections.
B. Develop and implement a set of automated security tests to be installed on each development team
leader’s workstation.
C. Enforce code quality and reuse standards into the requirements definition phase of the waterfall
development process.
D. Deploy an integrated software tool that builds and tests each portion of code committed by developers
and provides feedback.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 103
A security engineer is working with a software development team. The engineer is tasked with ensuring all
security requirements are adhered to by the developers.
Which of the following BEST describes the contents of the supporting document the engineer is creating?
A. A series of ad-hoc tests that each verify security control functionality of the entire system at once.
B. A series of discrete tasks that, when viewed in total, can be used to verify and document each individual
constraint from the SRTM.
C. A set of formal methods that apply to one or more of the programing languages used on the
development project.
D. A methodology to verify each security control in each unit of developed code prior to committing the
code.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 104
A security technician is incorporating the following requirements in an RFP for a new SIEM:
New security notifications must be dynamically implemented by the SIEM engine

The SIEM must be able to identify traffic baseline anomalies
Anonymous attack data from all customers must augment attack detection and risk scoring
Based on the above requirements, which of the following should the SIEM support? (Choose two.)
A. Autoscaling search capability

B. Machine learning
C. Multisensor deployment
D. Big Data analytics
E. Cloud-based management
F. Centralized log aggregation
Correct Answer: BD
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 105
An organization enables BYOD but wants to allow users to access the corporate email, calendar, and
contacts from their devices. The data associated with the user’s accounts is sensitive, and therefore, the
organization wants to comply with the following requirements:
Active full-device encryption

Enabled remote-device wipe
Blocking unsigned applications
Containerization of email, calendar, and contacts
Which of the following technical controls would BEST protect the data from attack or loss and meet the
above requirements?
A. Require frequent password changes and disable NFC.

B. Enforce device encryption and activate MAM.
C. Install a mobile antivirus application.
D. Configure and monitor devices with an MDM.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 106
Given the following information about a company’s internal network:
User IP space: 192.168.1.0/24

Server IP space: 192.168.192.0/25
A security engineer has been told that there are rogue websites hosted outside of the proper server space,
and those websites need to be identified.
Which of the following should the engineer do?
A. Use a protocol analyzer on 192.168.1.0/24

B. Use a port scanner on 192.168.1.0/24
C. Use an HTTP interceptor on 192.168.1.0/24
D. Use a port scanner on 192.168.192.0/25
E. Use a protocol analyzer on 192.168.192.0/25
F. Use an HTTP interceptor on 192.168.192.0/25
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 107
The Chief Information Officer (CIO) wants to increase security and accessibility among the organization’s
cloud SaaS applications. The applications are configured to use passwords, and two-factor authentication is
not provided natively.
Which of the following would BEST address the CIO’s concerns?
A. Procure a password manager for the employees to use with the cloud applications.
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B. Create a VPN tunnel between the on-premises environment and the cloud providers.
C. Deploy applications internally and migrate away from SaaS applications.
D. Implement an IdP that supports SAML and time-based, one-time passwords.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 108
During a security assessment, activities were divided into two phases; internal and external exploitation.
The security assessment team set a hard time limit on external activities before moving to a compromised
box within the enterprise perimeter.
Which of the following methods is the assessment team most likely to employ NEXT?
A. Pivoting from the compromised, moving laterally through the enterprise, and trying to exfiltrate data and
compromise devices.
B. Conducting a social engineering attack attempt with the goal of accessing the compromised box
physically.
C. Exfiltrating network scans from the compromised box as a precursor to social media reconnaissance
D. Open-source intelligence gathering to identify the network perimeter and scope to enable further system
compromises.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 109
An organization’s network engineering team recently deployed a new software encryption solution to ensure
the confidentiality of data at rest, which was found to add 300ms of latency to data read-write requests in
storage, impacting business operations.
Which of the following alternative approaches would BEST address performance requirements while
meeting the intended security objective?
A. Employ hardware FDE or SED solutions.

B. Utilize a more efficient cryptographic hash function.
C. Replace HDDs with SSD arrays.
D. Use a FIFO pipe a multithreaded software solution.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 110
While attending a meeting with the human resources department, an organization’s information security
officer sees an employee using a username and password written on a memo pad to log into a specific
service. When the information security officer inquires further as to why passwords are being written down,
the response is that there are too many passwords to remember for all the different services the human
resources department is required to use.
Additionally, each password has specific complexity requirements and different expiration time frames.
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Which of the following would be the BEST solution for the information security officer to recommend?
A. Utilizing MFA
B. Implementing SSO
C. Deploying 802.1X
D. Pushing SAML adoption
E. Implementing TACACS
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 111
Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern with respect to BYOD?
A. The filtering of sensitive data out of data flows at geographic boundaries.

B. Removing potential bottlenecks in data transmission paths.
C. The transfer of corporate data onto mobile corporate devices.
D. The migration of data into and out of the network in an uncontrolled manner.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 112
Given the following code snippet:
Which of the following failure modes would the code exhibit?
A. Open
B. Secure
C. Halt
D. Exception
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 113
A medical facility wants to purchase mobile devices for doctors and nurses. To ensure accountability, each
individual will be assigned a separate mobile device. Additionally, to protect patients’ health information,
management has identified the following requirements:
Data must be encrypted at rest.

The device must be disabled if it leaves the facility.
The device must be disabled when tampered with.
Which of the following technologies would BEST support these requirements? (Select two.)
A. eFuse
B. NFC
C. GPS
D. Biometric
E. USB 4.1
F. MicroSD
Correct Answer: CD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 114
A security administrator wants to implement two-factor authentication for network switches and routers. The
solution should integrate with the company’s RADIUS server, which is used for authentication to the
network infrastructure devices. The security administrator implements the following:
An HOTP service is installed on the RADIUS server.

The RADIUS server is configured to require the HOTP service for authentication.
The configuration is successfully tested using a software supplicant and enforced across all network
devices. Network administrators report they are unable to log onto the network devices because they are
not being prompted for the second factor.
Which of the following should be implemented to BEST resolve the issue?
A. Replace the password requirement with the second factor. Network administrators will enter their
username and then enter the token in place of their password in the password field.
B. Configure the RADIUS server to accept the second factor appended to the password. Network
administrators will enter a password followed by their token in the password field.
C. Reconfigure network devices to prompt for username, password, and a token. Network administrators
will enter their username and password, and then they will enter the token.
D. Install a TOTP service on the RADIUS server in addition to the HOTP service. Use the HOTP on older
devices that do not support two-factor authentication. Network administrators will use a web portal to log
onto these devices.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 115
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Following a merger, the number of remote sites for a company has doubled to 52. The company has
decided to secure each remote site with an NGFW to provide web filtering, NIDS/NIPS, and network
antivirus. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) has requested that the security engineer provide
recommendations on sizing for the firewall with the requirements that it be easy to manage and provide
capacity for growth.
The tables below provide information on a subset of remote sites and the firewall options:
Which of the following would be the BEST option to recommend to the CIO?
A. Vendor C for small remote sites, and Vendor B for large sites.
B. Vendor B for all remote sites
C. Vendor C for all remote sites
D. Vendor A for all remote sites
E. Vendor D for all remote sites
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 116
Given the following output from a security tool in Kali:
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A. Log reduction
B. Network enumerator
C. Fuzzer
D. SCAP scanner
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 117
Due to a recent breach, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) has requested the following activities be
conducted during incident response planning:
Involve business owners and stakeholders

Create an applicable scenario
Conduct a biannual verbal review of the incident response plan
Report on the lessons learned and gaps identified
Which of the following exercises has the CEO requested?
A. Parallel operations
B. Full transition
C. Internal review
D. Tabletop
E. Partial simulation
Correct Answer: D
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Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 118
A government organization operates and maintains several ICS environments. The categorization of one of
the ICS environments led to a moderate baseline. The organization has complied a set of applicable
security controls based on this categorization.
Given that this is a unique environment, which of the following should the organization do NEXT to
determine if other security controls should be considered?
A. Check for any relevant or required overlays.

B. Review enhancements within the current control set.
C. Modify to a high-baseline set of controls.
D. Perform continuous monitoring.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 119
A security researcher is gathering information about a recent spoke in the number of targeted attacks
against multinational banks. The spike is on top of already sustained attacks against the banks. Some of
the previous attacks have resulted in the loss of sensitive data, but as of yet the attackers have not
successfully stolen any funds.
Based on the information available to the researcher, which of the following is the MOST likely threat
profile?
A. Nation-state-sponsored attackers conducting espionage for strategic gain.

B. Insiders seeking to gain access to funds for illicit purposes.
C. Opportunists seeking notoriety and fame for personal gain.
D. Hacktivists seeking to make a political statement because of socio-economic factors.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 120
A security analyst is inspecting pseudocode of the following multithreaded application:
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Which of the following security concerns is evident in the above pseudocode?
A. Time of check/time of use

B. Resource exhaustion
C. Improper storage of sensitive data
D. Privilege escalation
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 121
An organization is considering the use of a thin client architecture as it moves to a cloud-hosted
environment. A security analyst is asked to provide thoughts on the security advantages of using thin clients
and virtual workstations.
Which of the following are security advantages of the use of this combination of thin clients and virtual
workstations?
A. Malicious insiders will not have the opportunity to tamper with data at rest and affect the integrity of the
system.
B. Thin client workstations require much less security because they lack storage and peripherals that can
be easily compromised, and the virtual workstations are protected in the cloud where security is
outsourced.
C. All thin clients use TPM for core protection, and virtual workstations use vTPM for core protection with
both equally ensuring a greater security advantage for a cloud-hosted environment.
D. Malicious users will have reduced opportunities for data extractions from their physical thin client
workstations, this reducing the effectiveness of local attacks.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 122
A security analyst is attempting to break into a client’s secure network. The analyst was not given prior
information about the client, except for a block of public IP addresses that are currently in use.
After network enumeration, the analyst’s NEXT step is to perform:
A. a gray-box penetration test

B. a risk analysis
C. a vulnerability assessment
D. an external security audit
E. a red team exercise
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 123
A security architect is determining the best solution for a new project. The project is developing a new
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intranet with advanced authentication capabilities, SSO for users, and automated provisioning to streamline
Day 1 access to systems. The security architect has identified the following requirements:
1. Information should be sourced from the trusted master data source.

2. There must be future requirements for identity proofing of devices and users.
3. A generic identity connector that can be reused must be developed.
4. The current project scope is for internally hosted applications only.
Which of the following solution building blocks should the security architect use to BEST meet the
requirements?
A. LDAP, multifactor authentication, OAuth, XACML

B. AD, certificate-based authentication, Kerberos, SPML
C. SAML, context-aware authentication, OAuth, WAYF
D. NAC, radius, 802.1x, centralized active directory
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 124
Which of the following is an external pressure that causes companies to hire security assessors and
penetration testers?
A. Lack of adequate in-house testing skills.

B. Requirements for geographically based assessments
C. Cost reduction measures
D. Regulatory insistence on independent reviews.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 125
Engineers at a company believe a certain type of data should be protected from competitors, but the data
owner insists the information is not sensitive. An information security engineer is implementing controls to
secure the corporate SAN. The controls require dividing data into four groups: non-sensitive, sensitive but
accessible, sensitive but export-controlled, and extremely sensitive.
Which of the following actions should the engineer take regarding the data?
A. Label the data as extremely sensitive.

B. Label the data as sensitive but accessible.
C. Label the data as non-sensitive.
D. Label the data as sensitive but export-controlled.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 126
A security engineer is performing an assessment again for a company. The security engineer examines the
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following output from the review:
Which of the following tools is the engineer utilizing to perform this assessment?
B. SCAP scanner
C. Port scanner
D. Interception proxy
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 127
The marketing department has developed a new marketing campaign involving significant social media
outreach. The campaign includes allowing employees and customers to submit blog posts and pictures of
their day-to-day experiences at the company. The information security manager has been asked to provide
an informative letter to all participants regarding the security risks and how to avoid privacy and operational
security issues.
Which of the following is the MOST important information to reference in the letter?
A. After-action reports from prior incidents.

B. Social engineering techniques
C. Company policies and employee NDAs
D. Data classification processes
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 128
A database administrator is required to adhere to and implement privacy principles when executing daily
tasks. A manager directs the administrator to reduce the number of unique instances of PII stored within an
organization’s systems to the greatest extent possible.
Which of the following principles is being demonstrated?
A. Administrator accountability
B. PII security
C. Record transparency
D. Data minimization
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 129
A newly hired security analyst has joined an established SOC team. Not long after going through corporate
orientation, a new attack method on web-based applications was publicly revealed. The security analyst
immediately brings this new information to the team lead, but the team lead is not concerned about it.
Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the team lead’s position?
A. The organization has accepted the risks associated with web-based threats.
B. The attack type does not meet the organization’s threat model.
C. Web-based applications are on isolated network segments.
D. Corporate policy states that NIPS signatures must be updated every hour.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 130
A systems administrator has installed a disk wiping utility on all computers across the organization and
configured it to perform a seven-pass wipe and an additional pass to overwrite the disk with zeros. The
company has also instituted a policy that requires users to erase files containing sensitive information when
they are no longer needed.
To ensure the process provides the intended results, an auditor reviews the following content from a
randomly selected decommissioned hard disk:
Which of the following should be included in the auditor’s report based on the above findings?
A. The hard disk contains bad sectors

B. The disk has been degaussed.
C. The data represents part of the disk BIOS.
D. Sensitive data might still be present on the hard drives.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 131
The Chief Information Officer (CISO) is concerned that certain systems administrators will privileged access
may be reading other users’ emails. Review of a tool’s output shows the administrators have used web mail
to log into other users’ inboxes.
Which of the following tools would show this type of output?
A. Log analysis tool
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B. Password cracker
C. Command-line tool
D. File integrity monitoring tool
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 132
A security analyst is troubleshooting a scenario in which an operator should only be allowed to reboot
remote hosts but not perform other activities. The analyst inspects the following portions of different
configuration files:
Configuration file 1:
Operator ALL=/sbin/reboot
Command=”/sbin/shutdown now”, no-x11-forwarding, no-pty, ssh-dss
Operator:x:1000:1000::/home/operator:/bin/bash
Which of the following explains why an intended operator cannot perform the intended action?
A. The sudoers file is locked down to an incorrect command

B. SSH command shell restrictions are misconfigured
C. The passwd file is misconfigured
D. The SSH command is not allowing a pty session
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 133
The director of sales asked the development team for some small changes to increase the usability of an
application used by the sales team. Prior security reviews of the code showed no significant vulnerabilities,
and since the changes were small, they were given a peer review and then pushed to the live environment.
Subsequent vulnerability scans now show numerous flaws that were not present in the previous versions of
the code.
Which of the following is an SDLC best practice that should have been followed?
A. Versioning
B. Regression testing
C. Continuous integration
D. Integration testing
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 134
An organization is engaged in international business operations and is required to comply with various legal
frameworks. In addition to changes in legal frameworks, which of the following is a primary purpose of a
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compliance management program?
A. Following new requirements that result from contractual obligations

B. Answering requests from auditors that relate to e-discovery
C. Responding to changes in regulatory requirements
D. Developing organizational policies that relate to hiring and termination procedures
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 135
Company.org has requested a black-box security assessment be performed on key cyber terrain. One area
of concern is the company’s SMTP services. The security assessor wants to run reconnaissance before
taking any additional action and wishes to determine which SMTP server is Internet-facing.
Which of the following commands should the assessor use to determine this information?
A. dnsrecon –d company.org –t SOA

B. dig company.org mx
C. nc –v company.org
D. whois company.org
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 136
A medical device company is implementing a new COTS antivirus solution in its manufacturing plant. All
validated machines and instruments must be retested for interoperability with the new software.
Which of the following would BEST ensure the software and instruments are working as designed?
A. System design documentation

B. User acceptance testing
C. Peer review
D. Static code analysis testing
E. Change control documentation
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 137
A company has gone through a round of phishing attacks. More than 200 users have had their workstation
infected because they clicked on a link in an email. An incident analysis has determined an executable ran
and compromised the administrator account on each workstation. Management is demanding the
information security team prevent this from happening again.
Which of the following would BEST prevent this from happening again?
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A. Antivirus
B. Patch management
C. Log monitoring
D. Application whitelisting
E. Awareness training
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 138
An internal staff member logs into an ERP platform and clicks on a record. The browser URL changes to:
URL: http://192.168.0.100/ERP/accountId=5&action=SELECT
Which of the following is the MOST likely vulnerability in this ERP platform?
A. Brute forcing of account credentials

B. Plan-text credentials transmitted over the Internet
C. Insecure direct object reference
D. SQL injection of ERP back end
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 139
Providers at a healthcare system with many geographically dispersed clinics have been fined five times this
year after an auditor received notice of the following SMS messages:
Which of the following represents the BEST solution for preventing future fines?
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A. Implement a secure text-messaging application for mobile devices and workstations.
B. Write a policy requiring this information to be given over the phone only.
C. Provide a courier service to deliver sealed documents containing public health informatics.
D. Implement FTP services between clinics to transmit text documents with the information.
E. Implement a system that will tokenize patient numbers.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 140
An information security manager is concerned that connectivity used to configure and troubleshoot critical
network devices could be attacked. The manager has tasked a network security engineer with meeting the
following requirements:
Encrypt all traffic between the network engineer and critical devices.
Segregate the different networking planes as much as possible.
Do not let access ports impact configuration tasks.
Which of the following would be the BEST recommendation for the network security engineer to present?
A. Deploy control plane protections.

B. Use SSH over out-of-band management.
C. Force only TACACS to be allowed.
D. Require the use of certificates for AAA.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 141
A penetration tester noticed special characters in a database table. The penetration tester configured the
browser to use an HTTP interceptor to verify that the front-end user registration web form accepts invalid
input in the user’s age field. The developer was notified and asked to fix the issue.
Which of the following is the MOST secure solution for the developer to implement?
A. IF $AGE == “!@#$%^&*()_+<>?”:{}[]” THEN ERROR

B. IF $AGE == [1234567890] {1,3} THEN CONTINUE
C. IF $AGE != “a-bA-Z!@#$%^&*()_+<>?”:{}[]” THEN CONTINUE
D. IF $AGE == [1-0] {0,2} THEN CONTINUE
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 142
A managed service provider is designing a log aggregation service for customers who no longer want to
manage an internal SIEM infrastructure. The provider expects that customers will send all types of logs to
them, and that log files could contain very sensitive entries. Customers have indicated they want on-
premises and cloud-based infrastructure logs to be stored in this new service. An engineer, who is
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designing the new service, is deciding how to segment customers.
Which of the following is the BEST statement for the engineer to take into consideration?
A. Single-tenancy is often more expensive and has less efficient resource utilization. Multi-tenancy may
increase the risk of cross-customer exposure in the event of service vulnerabilities.
B. The managed service provider should outsource security of the platform to an existing cloud company.
This will allow the new log service to be launched faster and with well-tested security controls.
C. Due to the likelihood of large log volumes, the service provider should use a multi-tenancy model for the
data storage tier, enable data deduplication for storage cost efficiencies, and encrypt data at rest.
D. The most secure design approach would be to give customers on-premises appliances, install agents
on endpoints, and then remotely manage the service via a VPN.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 143
At a meeting, the systems administrator states the security controls a company wishes to implement seem
excessive, since all of the information on the company’s web servers can be obtained publicly and is not
proprietary in any way. The next day the company’s website is defaced as part of an SQL injection attack,
and the company receives press inquiries about the message the attackers displayed on the website.
Which of the following is the FIRST action the company should take?
A. Refer to and follow procedures from the company’s incident response plan.
B. Call a press conference to explain that the company has been hacked.
C. Establish chain of custody for all systems to which the systems administrator has access.
D. Conduct a detailed forensic analysis of the compromised system.
E. Inform the communications and marketing department of the attack details.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 144
Click on the exhibit buttons to view the four messages.
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A security architect is working with a project team to deliver an important service that stores and processes
customer banking details. The project, internally known as ProjectX, is due to launch its first set of features
publicly within a week, but the team has not been able to implement encryption-at-rest of the customer
records. The security architect is drafting an escalation email to senior leadership.
Which of the following BEST conveys the business impact for senior leadership?
A. Message 1
B. Message 2
C. Message 3
D. Message 4
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 145
As a result of an acquisition, a new development team is being integrated into the company. The
development team has BYOD laptops with IDEs installed, build servers, and code repositories that utilize
SaaS. To have the team up and running effectively, a separate Internet connection has been procured.
A stand up has identified the following additional requirements:
1. Reuse of the existing network infrastructure

2. Acceptable use policies to be enforced
3. Protection of sensitive files
4. Access to the corporate applications
Which of the following solution components should be deployed to BEST meet the requirements? (Select
three.)
A. IPSec VPN
B. HIDS
C. Wireless controller
D. Rights management
E. SSL VPN
F. NAC
G. WAF
H. Load balancer
Correct Answer: DEF

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 146
A security architect is designing a system to satisfy user demand for reduced transaction time, increased
security and message integrity, and improved cryptographic security. The resultant system will be used in
an environment with a broad user base where many asynchronous transactions occur every minute and
must be publicly verifiable.
Which of the following solutions BEST meets all of the architect’s objectives?
A. An internal key infrastructure that allows users to digitally sign transaction logs
B. An agreement with an entropy-as-a-service provider to increase the amount of randomness in
generated keys.
C. A publicly verified hashing algorithm that allows revalidation of message integrity at a future date.
D. An open distributed transaction ledger that requires proof of work to append entries.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 147
A user asks a security practitioner for recommendations on securing a home network. The user recently
purchased a connected home assistant and multiple IoT devices in an effort to automate the home. Some
of the IoT devices are wearables, and other are installed in the user’s automobiles. The current home
network is configured as a single flat network behind an ISP-supplied router. The router has a single IP
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address, and the router performs NAT on incoming traffic to route it to individual devices.
Which of the following security controls would address the user’s privacy concerns and provide the BEST
level of security for the home network?
A. Ensure all IoT devices are configured in a geofencing mode so the devices do not work when removed
from the home network. Disable the home assistant unless actively using it, and segment the network
so each IoT device has its own segment.
B. Install a firewall capable of cryptographically separating network traffic, require strong authentication to
access all IoT devices, and restrict network access for the home assistant based on time-of-day
restrictions.
C. Segment the home network to separate network traffic from users and the IoT devices, ensure security
settings on the home assistant support no or limited recording capability, and install firewall rules on the
router to restrict traffic to the home assistant as much as possible.
D. Change all default passwords on the IoT devices, disable Internet access for the IoT devices and the
home assistant, obtain routable IP addresses for all devices, and implement IPv6 and IPSec protections
on all network traffic.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 148
An enterprise with global sites processes and exchanges highly sensitive information that is protected under
several countries’ arms trafficking laws. There is new information that malicious nation-state-sponsored
activities are targeting the use of encryption between the geographically disparate sites. The organization
currently employs ECDSA and ECDH with P-384, SHA-384, and AES-256-GCM on VPNs between sites.
Which of the following techniques would MOST likely improve the resilience of the enterprise to attack on
cryptographic implementation?
A. Add a second-layer VPN from a different vendor between sites.

B. Upgrade the cipher suite to use an authenticated AES mode of operation.
C. Use a stronger elliptic curve cryptography algorithm.
D. Implement an IDS with sensors inside (clear-text) and outside (cipher-text) of each tunnel between
sites.
E. Ensure cryptography modules are kept up to date from vendor supplying them.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 149
The government is concerned with remote military missions being negatively being impacted by the use of
technology that may fail to protect operational security. To remediate this concern, a number of solutions
have been implemented, including the following:
End-to-end encryption of all inbound and outbound communication, including personal email and chat
sessions that allow soldiers to securely communicate with families.
Layer 7 inspection and TCP/UDP port restriction, including firewall rules to only allow TCP port 80 and
443 and approved applications
A host-based whitelist of approved websites and applications that only allow mission-related tools and
sites
The use of satellite communication to include multiple proxy servers to scramble the source IP address
Which of the following is of MOST concern in this scenario?
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A. Malicious actors intercepting inbound and outbound communication to determine the scope of the
mission
B. Family members posting geotagged images on social media that were received via email from soldiers
C. The effect of communication latency that may negatively impact real-time communication with mission
control
D. The use of centrally managed military network and computers by soldiers when communicating with
external parties
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 150
Given the following code snippet:
Of which of the following is this snippet an example?
A. Data execution prevention

B. Buffer overflow
C. Failure to use standard libraries
D. Improper filed usage
E. Input validation
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 151
A company has created a policy to allow employees to use their personally owned devices. The Chief
Information Officer (CISO) is getting reports of company data appearing on unapproved forums and an
increase in theft of personal electronic devices.
Which of the following security controls would BEST reduce the risk of exposure?
A. Disk encryption on the local drive

B. Group policy to enforce failed login lockout
C. Multifactor authentication
D. Implementation of email digital signatures
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 152
After a large organization has completed the acquisition of a smaller company, the smaller company must
implement new host-based security controls to connect its employees’ devices to the network. Given that
the network requires 802.1X EAP-PEAP to identify and authenticate devices, which of the following should
the security administrator do to integrate the new employees’ devices into the network securely?
A. Distribute a NAC client and use the client to push the company’s private key to all the new devices.
B. Distribute the device connection policy and a unique public/private key pair to each new employee’s
device.
C. Install a self-signed SSL certificate on the company’s RADIUS server and distribute the certificate’s
public key to all new client devices.
D. Install an 802.1X supplicant on all new devices and let each device generate a self-signed certificate to
use for network access.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 153
A forensic analyst suspects that a buffer overflow exists in a kernel module. The analyst executes the
following command:
However, the analyst is unable to find any evidence of the running shell.
Which of the following of the MOST likely reason the analyst cannot find a process ID for the shell?
A. The NX bit is enabled

B. The system uses ASLR
C. The shell is obfuscated
D. The code uses dynamic libraries
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 154
Ann, a terminated employee, left personal photos on a company-issued laptop and no longer has access to
them. Ann emails her previous manager and asks to get her personal photos back.
Which of the following BEST describes how the manager should respond?
A. Determine if the data still exists by inspecting to ascertain if the laptop has already been wiped and if the
storage team has recent backups.
B. Inform Ann that the laptop was for company data only and she should not have stored personal photos
on a company asset.
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C. Report the email because it may have been a spoofed request coming from an attacker who is trying to
exfiltrate data from the company laptop.
D. Consult with the legal and/or human resources department and check company policies around
employment and termination procedures.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 155
During the decommissioning phase of a hardware project, a security administrator is tasked with ensuring
no sensitive data is released inadvertently. All paper records are scheduled to be shredded in a crosscut
shredder, and the waste will be burned. The system drives and removable media have been removed prior
to e-cycling the hardware.
Which of the following would ensure no data is recovered from the system drives once they are disposed
of?
A. Overwriting all HDD blocks with an alternating series of data.

B. Physically disabling the HDDs by removing the dive head.
C. Demagnetizing the hard drive using a degausser.
D. Deleting the UEFI boot loaders from each HDD.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 156
A company has decided to lower costs by conducting an internal assessment on specific devices and
various internal and external subnets. The assessment will be done during regular office hours, but it must
not affect any production servers.
Which of the following would MOST likely be used to complete the assessment? (Select two.)
A. Agent-based vulnerability scan

B. Black-box penetration testing
C. Configuration review
D. Social engineering
E. Malware sandboxing
F. Tabletop exercise
Correct Answer: AC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 157
A security engineer is attempting to increase the randomness of numbers used in key generation in a
system. The goal of the effort is to strengthen the keys against predictive analysis attacks.
Which of the following is the BEST solution?
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A. Use an entropy-as-a-service vendor to leverage larger entropy pools.
B. Loop multiple pseudo-random number generators in a series to produce larger numbers.
C. Increase key length by two orders of magnitude to detect brute forcing.
D. Shift key generation algorithms to ECC algorithms.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 158
A security engineer is attempting to convey the importance of including job rotation in a company’s standard
security policies. Which of the following would be the BEST justification?
A. Making employees rotate through jobs ensures succession plans can be implemented and prevents
single points of failure.
B. Forcing different people to perform the same job minimizes the amount of time malicious actions go
undetected by forcing malicious actors to attempt collusion between two or more people.
C. Administrators and engineers who perform multiple job functions throughout the day benefit from being
cross-trained in new job areas.
D. It eliminates the need to share administrative account passwords because employees gain
administrative rights as they rotate into a new job area.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 159
A company is transitioning to a new VDI environment, and a system engineer is responsible for developing
a sustainable security strategy for the VDIs.
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate order of steps to be taken?
A. Firmware update, OS patching, HIDS, antivirus, baseline, monitoring agent

B. OS patching, baseline, HIDS, antivirus, monitoring agent, firmware update
C. Firmware update, OS patching, HIDS, antivirus, monitoring agent, baseline
D. Baseline, antivirus, OS patching, monitoring agent, HIDS, firmware update
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 160
The Chief Information Officer (CIO) has been asked to develop a security dashboard with the relevant
metrics. The board of directors will use the dashboard to monitor and track the overall security posture of
the organization. The CIO produces a basic report containing both KPI and KRI data in two separate
sections for the board to review.
Which of the following BEST meets the needs of the board?
A. KRI:
- Compliance with regulations
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- Backlog of unresolved security investigations
- Severity of threats and vulnerabilities reported by sensors
- Time to patch critical issues on a monthly basis
KPI:
- Time to resolve open security items
- % of suppliers with approved security control frameworks
- EDR coverage across the fleet
- Threat landscape rating
B. KRI:
KPI:
C. KRI:
- % of suppliers with approved security control framework
KPI:
D. KPI:
KRI:
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 161
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a small startup company has an urgent need for a security policy and
assessment to address governance, risk management, and compliance. The company has a resource-
constrained IT department, but has no information security staff. The CEO has asked for this to be
completed in three months.
Which of the following would be the MOST cost-effective solution to meet the company’s needs?
A. Select one of the IT personnel to obtain information security training, and then develop all necessary
policies and documents in-house.
B. Accept all risks associated with information security, and then bring up the issue again at next year’s
annual board meeting.
C. Release an RFP to consultancy firms, and then select the most appropriate consultant who can fulfill the
requirements.
D. Hire an experienced, full-time information security team to run the startup company’s information
security department.
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Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 162
As part of an organization’s compliance program, administrators must complete a hardening checklist and
note any potential improvements. The process of noting improvements in the checklist is MOST likely
driven by:
A. the collection of data as part of the continuous monitoring program.

B. adherence to policies associated with incident response.
C. the organization’s software development life cycle.
D. changes in operating systems or industry trends.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 163
A security engineer has been hired to design a device that will enable the exfiltration of data from within a
well-defended network perimeter during an authorized test. The device must bypass all firewalls and NIDS
in place, as well as allow for the upload of commands from a centralized command and control server . The
total cost of the device must be kept to a minimum in case the device is discovered during an assessment.
Which of the following tools should the engineer load onto the device being designed?
A. Custom firmware with rotating key generation

B. Automatic MITM proxy
C. TCP beacon broadcast software
D. Reverse shell endpoint listener
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 164
A security consultant is improving the physical security of a sensitive site and takes pictures of the
unbranded building to include in the report. Two weeks later, the security consultant misplaces the phone,
which only has one hour of charge left on it. The person who finds the phone removes the MicroSD card in
an attempt to discover the owner to return it.
The person extracts the following data from the phone and EXIF data from some files:
DCIM Images folder

Audio books folder
Torrentz
My TAX.xls
Consultancy HR Manual.doc
Camera: SM-G950F
Exposure time: 1/60s
Location: 3500 Lacey Road USA
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Which of the following BEST describes the security problem?
A. MicroSD in not encrypted and also contains personal data.

B. MicroSD contains a mixture of personal and work data.
C. MicroSD in not encrypted and contains geotagging information.
D. MicroSD contains pirated software and is not encrypted.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 165
An engineer needs to provide access to company resources for several offshore contractors. The
contractors require:
Access to a number of applications, including internal websites

Access to database data and the ability to manipulate it
The ability to log into Linux and Windows servers remotely
Which of the following remote access technologies are the BEST choices to provide all of this access
securely? (Choose two.)
A. VTC
B. VRRP
C. VLAN
D. VDI
E. VPN
F. Telnet
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 166
A project manager is working with a team that is tasked to develop software applications in a structured
environment and host them in a vendor’s cloud-based infrastructure. The organization will maintain
responsibility for the software but will not manage the underlying server applications. Which of the following
does the organization plan to leverage?
A. SaaS
B. PaaS
C. IaaS
D. Hybrid cloud
E. Network virtualization
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 167
During the deployment of a new system, the implementation team determines that APIs used to integrate
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the new system with a legacy system are not functioning properly. Further investigation shows there is a
misconfigured encryption algorithm used to secure data transfers between systems. Which of the following
should the project manager use to determine the source of the defined algorithm in use?
A. Code repositories
B. Security requirements traceability matrix
C. Software development lifecycle
D. Data design diagram
E. Roles matrix
F. Implementation guide
Correct Answer: F
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 168
An administrator has noticed mobile devices from an adjacent company on the corporate wireless network.
Malicious activity is being reported from those devices. To add another layer of security in an enterprise
environment, an administrator wants to add contextual authentication to allow users to access enterprise
resources only while present in corporate buildings. Which of the following technologies would accomplish
this?
A. Port security
B. Rogue device detection
C. Bluetooth
D. GPS
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 169
A network engineer is upgrading the network perimeter and installing a new firewall, IDS, and external edge
router. The IDS is reporting elevated UDP traffic, and the internal routers are reporting high utilization.
Which of the following is the BEST solution?
A. Reconfigure the firewall to block external UDP traffic.

B. Establish a security baseline on the IDS.
C. Block echo reply traffic at the firewall.
D. Modify the edge router to not forward broadcast traffic.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 170
An administrator is working with management to develop policies related to the use of the cloud-based
resources that contain corporate data. Management plans to require some control over organizational data
stored on personal devices, such as tablets. Which of the following controls would BEST support
management’s policy?
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A. MDM
B. Sandboxing
C. Mobile tokenization
D. FDE
E. MFA
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 171
Users have been reporting unusual automated phone calls, including names and phone numbers, that
appear to come from devices internal to the company. Which of the following should the systems
administrator do to BEST address this problem?
A. Add an ACL to the firewall to block VoIP.

B. Change the settings on the phone system to use SIP-TLS.
C. Have the phones download new configurations over TFTP.
D. Enable QoS configuration on the phone VLAN.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 172
A consulting firm was hired to conduct assessment for a company. During the first stage, a penetration
tester used a tool that provided the following output:
TCP 80 open
TCP 443 open
TCP 1434 filtered
The penetration tester then used a different tool to make the following requests:
GET / script/login.php?token=45$MHT000MND876
GET / script/login.php?token=@#984DCSPQ%091DF
Which of the following tools did the penetration tester use?
A. Protocol analyzer
B. Port scanner
C. Fuzzer
D. Brute forcer
E. Log analyzer
F. HTTP interceptor
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 173
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A security analyst has been asked to create a list of external IT security concerns, which are applicable to
the organization. The intent is to show the different types of external actors, their attack vectors, and the
types of vulnerabilities that would cause business impact. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) will
then present this list to the board to request funding for controls in areas that have insufficient coverage.
Which of the following exercise types should the analyst perform?
A. Summarize the most recently disclosed vulnerabilities.

B. Research industry best practices and the latest RFCs.
C. Undertake an external vulnerability scan and penetration test.
D. Conduct a threat modeling exercise.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 174
In the past, the risk committee at Company A has shown an aversion to even minimal amounts of risk
acceptance. A security engineer is preparing recommendations regarding the risk of a proposed introducing
legacy ICS equipment. The project will introduce a minor vulnerability into the enterprise. This vulnerability
does not significantly expose the enterprise to risk and would be expensive against.
Which of the following strategies should the engineer recommended be approved FIRST?
A. Avoid
B. Mitigate
C. Transfer
D. Accept
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 175
A company has adopted and established a continuous-monitoring capability, which has proven to be
effective in vulnerability management, diagnostics, and mitigation. The company wants to increase the
likelihood that it is able to discover and therefore respond to emerging threats earlier in the life cycle.
Which of the following methodologies would BEST help the company to meet this objective? (Choose two.)
A. Install and configure an IPS.

B. Enforce routine GPO reviews.
C. Form and deploy a hunt team.
D. Institute heuristic anomaly detection.
E. Use a protocol analyzer with appropriate connectors.
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 176
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An organization has recently deployed an EDR solution across its laptops, desktops, and server
infrastructure. The organization’s server infrastructure is deployed in an IaaS environment. A database
within the non-production environment has been misconfigured with a routable IP and is communicating
with a command and control server.
Which of the following procedures should the security responder apply to the situation? (Choose two.)
A. Contain the server.

B. Initiate a legal hold.
C. Perform a risk assessment.
D. Determine the data handling standard.
E. Disclose the breach to customers.
F. Perform an IOC sweep to determine the impact.
Correct Answer: AF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 177
SIMULATION
An administrator wants to install a patch to an application.
INSTRUCTIONS
Given the scenario, download, verify, and install the patch in the most secure manner.
The last install that is completed will be the final submission.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
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Correct Answer: See the explanation below.
Section: (none)
Explanation
Explanation:
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In this case the second link should be used (This may vary in actual exam). The first link showed the
following error so it should not be used.
Also, Two of the link choices used HTTP and not HTTPS as shown when hovering over the links as shown:
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Since we need to do this in the most secure manner possible, they should not be used.
Finally, the second link was used and the MD5 utility of MD5sum should be used on the install.exe file as
shown. Make sure that the hash matches.
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Finally, type in install.exe to install it and make sure there are no signature verification errors.
QUESTION 178
An organization, which handles large volumes of PII, allows mobile devices that can process, store, and
transmit PII and other sensitive data to be issued to employees. Security assessors can demonstrate
recovery and decryption of remnant sensitive data from device storage after MDM issues a successful wipe
command. Assuming availability of the controls, which of the following would BEST protect against the loss
of sensitive data in the future?
A. Implement a container that wraps PII data and stores keying material directly in the container’s
encrypted application space.
B. Use encryption keys for sensitive data stored in an eFuse-backed memory space that is blown during
remote wipe.
C. Issue devices that employ a stronger algorithm for the authentication of sensitive data stored on them.
D. Procure devices that remove the bootloader binaries upon receipt of an MDM-issued remote wipe
command.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 179
A large company with a very complex IT environment is considering a move from an on-premises, internally
managed proxy to a cloud-based proxy solution managed by an external vendor. The current proxy
provides caching, content filtering, malware analysis, and URL categorization for all staff connected behind
the proxy. Staff members connect directly to the Internet outside of the corporate network. The cloud-based
version of the solution would provide content filtering, TLS decryption, malware analysis, and URL
categorization. After migrating to the cloud solution, all internal proxies would be decommissioned. Which of
the following would MOST likely change the company’s risk profile?
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A. 1. There would be a loss of internal intellectual knowledge regarding proxy configurations and
application data flows.
2. There would be a greater likelihood of Internet access outages due to lower resilience of cloud
gateways.
3. There would be data sovereignty concerns due to changes required in routing and proxy PAC files.
B. 1. The external vendor would have access to inbound and outbound gateway traffic.
2. The service would provide some level of protection for staff working from home.
3. Outages would be likely to occur for systems or applications with hard-coded proxy information.
C. 1. The loss of local caching would dramatically increase ISP charges and impact existing bandwidth.
2. There would be a greater likelihood of Internet access outages due to lower resilience of cloud
gateways.
3. There would be a loss of internal intellectual knowledge regarding proxy configurations and
application data flows.
D. 1. Outages would be likely to occur for systems or applications with hard-coded proxy information.
2. The service would provide some level of protection for staff members working from home.
3. Malware detection times would decrease due to third-party management of the service.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 180
A security engineer is deploying an IdP to broker authentication between applications. These applications all
utilize SAML 2.0 for authentication. Users log into the IdP with their credentials and are given a list of
applications they may access. One of the application’s authentications is not functional when a user initiates
an authentication attempt from the IdP. The engineer modifies the configuration so users browse to the
application first, which corrects the issue. Which of the following BEST describes the root cause?
A. The application only supports SP-initiated authentication.

B. The IdP only supports SAML 1.0
C. There is an SSL certificate mismatch between the IdP and the SaaS application.
D. The user is not provisioned correctly on the IdP.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 181
A security manager recently categorized an information system. During the categorization effort, the
manager determined the loss of integrity of a specific information type would impact business significantly.
Based on this, the security manager recommends the implementation of several solutions. Which of the
following, when combined, would BEST mitigate this risk? (Select TWO.)
A. Access control
B. Whitelisting
C. Signing
D. Validation
E. Boot attestation
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
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QUESTION 182
A security analyst is reviewing the following company requirements prior to selecting the appropriate
technical control configuration and parameter:
RTO: 2 days
RPO: 36 hours
MTTR: 24 hours
MTBF: 60 days
Which of the following solutions will address the RPO requirements?
A. Remote Syslog facility collecting real-time events

B. Server farm behind a load balancer delivering five-nines uptime
C. Backup solution that implements daily snapshots
D. Cloud environment distributed across geographic regions
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 183
A penetration test is being scoped for a set of web services with API endpoints. The APIs will be hosted on
existing web application servers. Some of the new APIs will be available to unauthenticated users, but some
will only be available to authenticated users. Which of the following tools or activities would the penetration
tester MOST likely use or do during the engagement? (Select TWO.)
A. Static code analyzer

B. Intercepting proxy
C. Port scanner
D. Reverse engineering
E. Reconnaissance gathering
F. User acceptance testing
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 184
A recent overview of the network’s security and storage applications reveals a large amount of data that
needs to be isolated for security reasons. Below are the critical applications and devices configured on the
network:
Firewall
Core switches
RM server
Virtual environment
NAC solution
The security manager also wants data from all critical applications to be aggregated to correlate events
from multiple sources. Which of the following must be configured in certain applications to help ensure data
aggregation and data isolation are implemented on the critical applications and devices? (Select TWO).
A. Routing tables
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B. Log forwarding
C. Data remanants
D. Port aggregation
E. NIC teaming
F. Zones
Correct Answer: BF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 185
A security analyst who is concerned about sensitive data exfiltration reviews the following:
Which of the following tools would allow the analyst to confirm if data exfiltration is occuring?
A. Port scanner
B. SCAP tool
C. File integrity monitor
D. Protocol analyzer
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 186
As part of the development process for a new system, the organization plans to perform requirements
analysis and risk assessment. The new system will replace a legacy system, which the organization has
used to perform data analytics.
Which of the following is MOST likely to be part of the activities conducted by management during this
phase of the project?
A. Static code analysis and peer review of all application code

B. Validation of expectations relating to system performance and security
C. Load testing the system to ensure response times is acceptable to stakeholders
D. Design reviews and user acceptance testing to ensure the system has been deployed properly
E. Regression testing to evaluate interoperability with the legacy system during the deployment
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 187
A system owner has requested support from data owners to evaluate options for the disposal of equipment
containing sensitive data. Regulatory requirements state the data must be rendered unrecoverable via
logical means or physically destroyed.
Which of the following factors is the regulation intended to address?
DR.COMPUTER
A. Sovereignty
B. E-waste
C. Remanence
D. Deduplication
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 188
During a criminal investigation, the prosecutor submitted the original hard drive from the suspect’s computer
as evidence. The defense objected during the trial proceedings, and the evidence was rejected. Which of
the following practices should the prosecutor’s forensics team have used to ensure the suspect’s data
would be admissible as evidence? (Select TWO.)
A. Follow chain of custody best practices

B. Create an identical image of the original hard drive, store the original securely, and then perform
forensics only on the imaged drive.
C. Use forensics software on the original hard drive and present generated reports as evidence
D. Create a tape backup of the original hard drive and present the backup as evidence
E. Create an exact image of the original hard drive for forensics purposes, and then place the original back
in service
Correct Answer: AB
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 189
An organization just merged with an organization in another legal jurisdiction and must improve its network
security posture in ways that do not require additional resources to implement data isolation. One
recommendation is to block communication between endpoint PCs. Which of the following would be the
BEST solution?
A. Installing HIDS
B. Configuring a host-based firewall
C. Configuring EDR
D. Implementing network segmentation
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 190
After several industry competitors suffered data loss as a result of cyberattacks, the Chief Operating Officer
(COO) of a company reached out to the information security manager to review the organization’s security
stance. As a result of the discussion, the COO wants the organization to meet the following criteria:
Blocking of suspicious websites

Prevention of attacks based on threat intelligence
Reduction in spam
DR.COMPUTER
Identity-based reporting to meet regulatory compliance
Prevention of viruses based on signature
Protect applications from web-based threats
Which of the following would be the BEST recommendation the information security manager could make?
A. Reconfigure existing IPS resources

B. Implement a WAF
C. Deploy a SIEM solution
D. Deploy a UTM solution
E. Implement an EDR platform
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 191
A company’s chief cybersecurity architect wants to configure mutual authentication to access an internal
payroll website. The architect has asked the administration team to determine the configuration that would
provide the best defense against MITM attacks. Which of the following implementation approaches would
BEST support the architect’s goals?
A. Utilize a challenge-response prompt as required input at username/password entry.

B. Implement TLS and require the client to use its own certificate during handshake.
C. Configure a web application proxy and institute monitoring of HTTPS transactions.
D. Install a reverse proxy in the corporate DMZ configured to decrypt TLS sessions.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 192
A company is not familiar with the risks associated with IPv6. The systems administrator wants to isolate
IPv4 from IPv6 traffic between two different network segments. Which of the following should the company
implement? (Select TWO)
A. Use an internal firewall to block UDP port 3544.

B. Disable network discovery protocol on all company routers.
C. Block IP protocol 41 using Layer 3 switches.
D. Disable the DHCPv6 service from all routers.
E. Drop traffic for ::/0 at the edge firewall.
F. Implement a 6in4 proxy server.
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 193
With which of the following departments should an engineer for a consulting firm coordinate when
determining the control and reporting requirements for storage of sensitive, proprietary customer
information?
DR.COMPUTER
A. Human resources
B. Financial
C. Sales
D. Legal counsel
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 194
The Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) from two different companies are discussing the highly sensitive
prospect of merging their respective companies together. Both have invited their Chief Information Officers
(CIOs) to discern how they can securely and digitally communicate, and the following criteria are collectively
determined:
Must be encrypted on the email servers and clients

Must be OK to transmit over unsecure Internet connections
Which of the following communication methods would be BEST to recommend?
A. Force TLS between domains.

B. Enable STARTTLS on both domains.
C. Use PGP-encrypted emails.
D. Switch both domains to utilize DNSSEC.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 195
A bank is initiating the process of acquiring another smaller bank. Before negotiations happen between the
organizations, which of the following business documents would be used as the FIRST step in the process?
A. MOU
B. OLA
C. BPA
D. NDA
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 196
A company wants to confirm sufficient executable space protection is in place for scenarios in which
malware may be attempting buffer overflow attacks. Which of the following should the security engineer
check?
A. NX/XN
B. ASLR
C. strcpy
DR.COMPUTER
D. ECC
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 197
Which of the following describes a contract that is used to define the various levels of maintenance to be
provided by an external business vendor in secure environment?
A. NDA
B. MOU
C. BIA
D. SLA
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 198
Developers are working on a new feature to add to a social media platform. The new feature involves users
uploading pictures of what they are currently doing. The data privacy officer (DPO) is concerned about
various types of abuse that might occur due to this new feature. The DPO state the new feature cannot be
released without addressing the physical safety concerns of the platform’s users.
Which of the following controls would BEST address the DPO’s concerns?
A. Increasing blocking options available to the uploader

B. Adding a one-hour delay of all uploaded photos
C. Removing all metadata in the uploaded photo file
D. Not displaying to the public who uploaded the photo
E. Forcing TLS for all connections on the platform
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 199
A security technician receives a copy of a report that was originally sent to the board of directors by the
Chief Information Security Officer (CISO).
The report outlines the following KPI/KRI data for the last 12 months:
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following BEST describes what could be interpreted from the above data?
A. 1. AV coverage across the fleet improved

2. There is no correlation between infected systems and AV coverage.
3. There is no correlation between detected phishing attempts and infected systems
4. A correlation between threat landscape rating and infected systems appears to exist.
5. Effectiveness and performance of the security team appears to be degrading.
B. 1. AV signature coverage has remained consistently high
2. AV coverage across the fleet improved
3. A correlation between phishing attempts and infected systems appears to exist
4. There is a correlation between the threat landscape rating and the security team’s performance.
5. There is no correlation between detected phishing attempts and infected systems
C. 1. There is no correlation between infected systems and AV coverage
2. AV coverage across the fleet improved
4. There is no correlation between the threat landscape rating and the security team’s performance.
5. There is a correlation between detected phishing attempts and infected systems
D. 1. AV coverage across the fleet declined
2. There is no correlation between infected systems and AV coverage.
4. There is no correlation between the threat landscape rating and the security team’s performance
5. Effectiveness and performance of the security team appears to be degrading.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 200
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the controls in place to support the organization’s
vulnerability management program. The CISO finds patching and vulnerability scanning policies and
procedures are in place. However, the CISO is concerned the organization is siloed and is not maintaining
awareness of new risks to the organization. The CISO determines systems administrators need to
participate in industry security events. Which of the following is the CISO looking to improve?
A. Vendor diversification
B. System hardening standards
DR.COMPUTER
C. Bounty programs
D. Threat awareness
E. Vulnerability signatures
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 201
Within the past six months, a company has experienced a series of attacks directed at various collaboration
tools. Additionally, sensitive information was compromised during a recent security breach of a remote
access session from an unsecure site. As a result, the company is requiring all collaboration tools to comply
with the following:
Secure messaging between internal users using digital signatures

Secure sites for video-conferencing sessions
Presence information for all office employees
Restriction of certain types of messages to be allowed into the network.
Which of the following applications must be configured to meet the new requirements? (Select TWO.)
A. Remote desktop
B. VoIP
C. Remote assistance
D. Email
E. Instant messaging
F. Social media websites
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 202
Following a recent data breach, a company has hired a new Chief Information Security Officer (CISO). The
CISO is very concerned about the response time to the previous breach and wishes to know how the
security team expects to react to a future attack. Which of the following is the BEST method to achieve this
goal while minimizing disruption?
A. Perform a black box assessment

B. Hire an external red team audit
C. Conduct a tabletop exercise.
D. Recreate the previous breach.
E. Conduct an external vulnerability assessment.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 203
A technician is validating compliance with organizational policies. The user and machine accounts in the AD
are not set to expire, which is non-compliant. Which of the following network tools would provide this type of
DR.COMPUTER
information?
A. SIEM server
B. IDS appliance
C. SCAP scanner
D. HTTP interceptor
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 204
A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is reviewing the organization’s incident response report from a recent
incident. The details of the event indicate:
1. A user received a phishing email that appeared to be a report from the organization’s CRM tool.
2. The user attempted to access the CRM tool via a fraudulent web page but was unable to access the
tool.
3. The user, unaware of the compromised account, did not report the incident and continued to use the
CRM tool with the original credentials.
4. Several weeks later, the user reported anomalous activity within the CRM tool.
5. Following an investigation, it was determined the account was compromised and an attacker in another
country has gained access to the CRM tool.
6. Following identification of corrupted data and successful recovery from the incident, a lessons learned
activity was to be led by the CSO.
Which of the following would MOST likely have allowed the user to more quickly identify the unauthorized
use of credentials by the attacker?
A. Security awareness training

B. Last login verification
C. Log correlation
D. Time-of-check controls
E. Time-of-use controls
F. WAYF-based authentication
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 205
An organization’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO) was the target of several different social engineering
attacks recently. The CFO has subsequently worked closely with the Chief Information Security Officer
(CISO) to increase awareness of what attacks may look like. An unexpected email arrives in the CFO’s
inbox from a familiar name with an attachment. Which of the following should the CISO task a security
analyst with to determine whether or not the attachment is safe?
A. Place it in a malware sandbox.

B. Perform a code review of the attachment.
C. Conduct a memory dump of the CFO’s PC.
D. Run a vulnerability scan on the email server.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 206
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing technical documentation from various regional
offices and notices some key differences between these groups. The CISO has not discovered any
governance documentation. The CISO creates the following chart to visualize the differences among the
networking used:
Which of the following would be the CISO’s MOST immediate concern?
A. There are open standards in use on the network.

B. Network engineers have ignored defacto standards.
C. Network engineers are not following SOPs.
D. The network has competing standards in use.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 207
A security architect has been assigned to a new digital transformation program. The objectives are to
provide better capabilities to customers and reduce costs. The program has highlighted the following
requirements:
1. Long-lived sessions are required, as users do not log in very often.

2. The solution has multiple SPs, which include mobile and web applications.
3. A centralized IdP is utilized for all customer digital channels.
4. The applications provide different functionality types such as forums and customer portals.
5. The user experience needs to be the same across both mobile and web-based applications.
Which of the following would BEST improve security while meeting these requirements?
A. Social login to IdP, securely store the session cookies, and implement one-time passwords sent to the
mobile device
B. Certificate-based authentication to IdP, securely store access tokens, and implement secure push
notifications.
C. Username and password authentication to IdP, securely store refresh tokens, and implement context-
aware authentication.
D. Username and password authentication to SP, securely store Java web tokens, and implement SMS
OTPs.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 208
Given the following:
Which of the following vulnerabilities is present in the above code snippet?
A. Disclosure of database credential

B. SQL-based string concatenation
C. DOM-based injection
D. Information disclosure in comments
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 209
An organization is currently performing a market scan for managed security services and EDR capability.
Which of the following business documents should be released to the prospective vendors in the first step
of the process? (Select TWO).
A. MSA
B. RFP
C. NDA
D. RFI
E. MOU
F. RFQ
Correct Answer: CD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 210
A security analyst, who is working in a Windows environment, has noticed a significant amount of IPv6
traffic originating from a client, even though IPv6 is not currently in use. The client is a stand-alone device,
not connected to the AD that manages a series of SCADA devices used for manufacturing. Which of the
following is the appropriate command to disable the client’s IPv6 stack?
A.
B.
C.
DR.COMPUTER
D.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 211
When reviewing KRIs of the email security appliance with the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of
an insurance company, the security engineer notices the following:
Which of the following measures should the security engineer take to ensure PII is not intercepted in transit
while also preventing interruption to business?
A. Quarantine emails sent to external domains containing PII and release after inspection.
B. Prevent PII from being sent to domains that allow users to sign up for free webmail.
C. Enable transport layer security on all outbound email communications and attachments.
D. Provide security awareness training regarding transmission of PII.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 212
A security administrator is troubleshooting RADIUS authentication issues from a newly implemented
controller-based wireless deployment. The RADIUS server contains the following information in its logs:
Based on this information, the administrator reconfigures the RADIUS server, which results in the following
log data:
To correct this error message, the administrator makes an additional change to the RADIUS server. Which
of the following did the administrator reconfigure on the RADIUS server? (Select TWO)
A. Added the controller address as an authorized client

B. Registered the RADIUS server to the wireless controller
C. Corrected a mismatched shared secret
D. Renewed the expired client certificate
E. Reassigned the RADIUS policy to the controller
DR.COMPUTER
F. Modified the client authentication method
Correct Answer: AC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 213
An organization is improving its web services to enable better customer engagement and self-service. The
organization has a native mobile application and a rewards portal provided by a third party. The business
wants to provide customers with the ability to log in once and have SSO between each of the applications.
The integrity of the identity is important so it can be propagated through to back-end systems to maintain a
consistent audit trail. Which of the following authentication and authorization types BEST meet the
requirements? (Choose two.)
A. SAML
B. Social login
C. OpenID connect
D. XACML
E. SPML
F. OAuth
Correct Answer: AF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 214
After the departure of a developer under unpleasant circumstances, the company is concerned about the
security of the software to which the developer has access. Which of the following is the BEST way to
ensure security of the code following the incident?
A. Hire an external red team to conduct black box testing

B. Conduct a peer review and cross reference the SRTM
C. Perform white-box testing on all impacted finished products
D. Perform regression testing and search for suspicious code
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 215
A software company is releasing a new mobile application to a broad set of external customers. Because
the software company is rapidly releasing new features, it has built in an over-the-air software update
process that can automatically update the application at launch time. Which of the following security
controls should be recommended by the company’s security architect to protect the integrity of the update
process? (Choose two.)
A. Validate cryptographic signatures applied to software updates

B. Perform certificate pinning of the associated code signing key
C. Require HTTPS connections for downloads of software updates
D. Ensure there are multiple download mirrors for availability
E. Enforce a click-through process with user opt-in for new features
DR.COMPUTER
Correct Answer: AB
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 216
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is developing a new BIA for the organization. The CISO wants
to gather requirements to determine the appropriate RTO and RPO for the organization’s ERP. Which of
the following should the CISO interview as MOST qualified to provide RTO/RPO metrics?
A. Data custodian
B. Data owner
C. Security analyst
D. Business unit director
E. Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 217
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requests the following external hosted services be scanned for
malware, unsecured PII, and healthcare data:
Corporate intranet site

Online storage application
Email and collaboration suite
Security policy also is updated to allow the security team to scan and detect any bulk downloads of
corporate data from the company’s intranet and online storage site. Which of the following is needed to
comply with the corporate security policy and the CISO’s request?
A. Port scanner
B. CASB
C. DLP agent
D. Application sandbox
E. SCAP scanner
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 218
Several recent ransomware outbreaks at a company have cost a significant amount of lost revenue. The
security team needs to find a technical control mechanism that will meet the following requirements and aid
in preventing these outbreaks:
Stop malicious software that does not match a signature

Report on instances of suspicious behavior
Protect from previously unknown threats
Augment existing security capabilities
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following tools would BEST meet these requirements?
A. Host-based firewall
B. EDR
C. HIPS
D. Patch management
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 219
A company that has been breached multiple times is looking to protect cardholder data. The previous
undetected attacks all mimicked normal administrative-type behavior. The company must deploy a host
solution to meet the following requirements:
Detect administrative actions

Block unwanted MD5 hashes
Provide alerts
Stop exfiltration of cardholder data
Which of the following solutions would BEST meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. AV
B. EDR
C. HIDS
D. DLP
E. HIPS
F. EFS
Correct Answer: BE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 220
A security engineer is employed by a hospital that was recently purchased by a corporation. Throughout the
acquisition process, all data on the virtualized file servers must be shared by departments within both
organizations. The security engineer considers data ownership to determine:
A. the amount of data to be moved.

B. the frequency of data backups.
C. which users will have access to which data
D. when the file server will be decommissioned
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 221
A security analyst is reviewing the following packet capture of communication between a host and a
company’s router:
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following actions should the security analyst take to remove this vulnerability?
A. Update the router code

B. Implement a router ACL
C. Disconnect the host from the network
D. Install the latest antivirus definitions
E. Deploy a network-based IPS
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 222
An information security manager conducted a gap analysis, which revealed a 75% implementation of
security controls for high-risk vulnerabilities, 90% for medium vulnerabilities, and 10% for low-risk
vulnerabilities. To create a road map to close the identified gaps, the assurance team reviewed the
likelihood of exploitation of each vulnerability and the business impact of each associated control. To
determine which controls to implement, which of the following is the MOST important to consider?
A. KPI
B. KRI
C. GRC
D. BIA
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 223
A development team is testing an in-house-developed application for bugs. During the test, the application
crashes several times due to null pointer exceptions. Which of the following tools, if integrated into an IDE
during coding, would identify these bugs routinely?
A. Issue tracker
B. Static code analyzer
C. Source code repository
D. Fuzzing utility
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 224
A legacy web application, which is being used by a hospital, cannot be upgraded for 12 months. A new
vulnerability is found in the legacy application, and the networking team is tasked with mitigation.
Middleware for mitigation will cost $100,000 per year. Which of the following must be calculated to
determine ROI? (Choose two.)
DR.COMPUTER
A. ALE
B. RTO
C. MTBF
D. ARO
E. RPO
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 225
A security engineer is assisting a developer with input validation, and they are studying the following code
block:
The security engineer wants to ensure strong input validation is in place for customer-provided account
identifiers. These identifiers are ten-digit numbers. The developer wants to ensure input validation is fast
because a large number of people use the system.
Which of the following would be the BEST advice for the security engineer to give to the developer?
A. Replace code with Java-based type checks

B. Parse input into an array
C. Use regular expressions
D. Canonicalize input into string objects before validation
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 226
A project manager is working with a software development group to collect and evaluate user stories related
to the organization’s internally designed CRM tool. After defining requirements, the project manager would
like to validate the developer’s interpretation and understanding of the user’s request. Which of the following
would BEST support this objective?
A. Peer review
B. Design review
C. Scrum
D. User acceptance testing
E. Unit testing
DR.COMPUTER
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 227
A network printer needs Internet access to function. Corporate policy states all devices allowed on the
network must be authenticated. Which of the following is the MOST secure method to allow the printer on
the network without violating policy?
A. Request an exception to the corporate policy from the risk management committee
B. Require anyone trying to use the printer to enter their username and password
C. Have a help desk employee sign in to the printer every morning
D. Issue a certificate to the printer and use certificate-based authentication
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 228
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of an e-retailer, which has an established security
department, identifies a customer who has been using a fraudulent credit card. The CISO calls the local
authorities, and when they arrive on-site, the authorities ask a security engineer to create a point-in-time
copy of the running database in their presence. This is an example of:
A. creating a forensic image

B. deploying fraud monitoring
C. following a chain of custody
D. analyzing the order of volatility
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 229
A technician is configuring security options on the mobile device manager for users who often utilize public
Internet connections while travelling. After ensuring that full disk encryption is enabled, which of the
following security measures should the technician take? (Choose two.)
A. Require all mobile device backups to be encrypted

B. Ensure all mobile devices back up using USB OTG
C. Issue a remote wipe of corporate and personal partitions
D. Restrict devices from making long-distance calls during business hours
E. Implement an always-on VPN
Correct Answer: AE
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 230
A systems administrator receives an advisory email that a recently discovered exploit is being used in
another country and the financial institutions have ceased operations while they find a way to respond to the
attack. Which of the following BEST describes where the administrator should look to find information on
the attack to determine if a response must be prepared for the systems? (Choose two.)
A. Bug bounty websites

B. Hacker forums
C. Antivirus vendor websites
D. Trade industry association websites
E. CVE database
F. Company’s legal department
Correct Answer: CE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 231
A security assessor is working with an organization to review the policies and procedures associated with
managing the organization’s virtual infrastructure. During a review of the virtual environment, the assessor
determines the organization is using servers to provide more than one primary function, which violates a
regulatory requirement. The assessor reviews hardening guides and determines policy allows for this
configuration. It would be MOST appropriate for the assessor to advise the organization to:
A. segment dual-purpose systems on a hardened network segment with no external access

B. assess the risks associated with accepting non-compliance with regulatory requirements
C. update system implementation procedures to comply with regulations
D. review regulatory requirements and implement new policies on any newly provisioned servers
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 232
While conducting a BIA for a proposed acquisition, the IT integration team found that both companies
outsource CRM services to competing and incompatible third-party cloud services. The decision has been
made to bring the CRM service in-house, and the IT team has chosen a future solution. With which of the
following should the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) be MOST concerned? (Choose two.)
A. Data remnants
B. Sovereignty
C. Compatible services
D. Storage encryption
E. Data migration
F. Chain of custody
Correct Answer: AB
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 233
DR.COMPUTER
A newly hired Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the organization’s security budget from
the previous year. The CISO notices $100,000 worth of fines were paid for not properly encrypting outbound
email messages. The CISO expects next year’s costs associated with fines to double and the volume of
messages to increase by 100%. The organization sent out approximately 25,000 messages per year over
the last three years. Given the table below:
Which of the following would be BEST for the CISO to include in this year’s budget?
A. A budget line for DLP Vendor A

B. A budget line for DLP Vendor B
C. A budget line for DLP Vendor C
D. A budget line for DLP Vendor D
E. A budget line for paying future fines
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 234
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) suspects that a database administrator has been tampering
with financial data to the administrator’s advantage. Which of the following would allow a third-party
consultant to conduct an on-site review of the administrator’s activity?
A. Separation of duties
B. Job rotation
C. Continuous monitoring
D. Mandatory vacation
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 235
While investigating suspicious activity on a server, a security administrator runs the following report:
DR.COMPUTER
In addition, the administrator notices changes to the /etc/shadow file that were not listed in the report. Which
of the following BEST describe this scenario? (Choose two.)
A. An attacker compromised the server and may have used a collision hash in the MD5 algorithm to hide
the changes to the /etc/shadow file
B. An attacker compromised the server and may have also compromised the file integrity database to hide
C. An attacker compromised the server and may have installed a rootkit to always generate valid MD5
hashes to hide the changes to the /etc/shadow file
D. An attacker compromised the server and may have used MD5 collision hashes to generate valid
passwords, allowing further access to administrator accounts on the server
E. An attacker compromised the server and may have used SELinux mandatory access controls to hide
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 236
Following the successful response to a data-leakage incident, the incident team lead facilitates an exercise
that focuses on continuous improvement of the organization’s incident response capabilities. Which of the
following activities has the incident team lead executed?
A. Lessons learned review

B. Root cause analysis
C. Incident audit
D. Corrective action exercise
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 237
Following a recent network intrusion, a company wants to determine the current security awareness of all of
its employees. Which of the following is the BEST way to test awareness?
A. Conduct a series of security training events with comprehensive tests at the end
B. Hire an external company to provide an independent audit of the network security posture
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C. Review the social media of all employees to see how much proprietary information is shared
D. Send an email from a corporate account, requesting users to log onto a website with their enterprise
account
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 238
A company’s security policy states any remote connections must be validated using two forms of network-
based authentication. It also states local administrative accounts should not be used for any remote access.
PKI currently is not configured within the network. RSA tokens have been provided to all employees, as well
as a mobile application that can be used for 2FA authentication. A new NGFW has been installed within the
network to provide security for external connections, and the company has decided to use it for VPN
connections as well. Which of the following should be configured? (Choose two.)
A. Certificate-based authentication
B. TACACS+
C. 802.1X
D. RADIUS
E. LDAP
F. Local user database
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 239
The finance department has started to use a new payment system that requires strict PII security
restrictions on various network devices. The company decides to enforce the restrictions and configure all
devices appropriately. Which of the following risk response strategies is being used?
A. Avoid
B. Mitigate
C. Transfer
D. Accept
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 240
A security administrator is updating a company’s SCADA authentication system with a new application. To
ensure interoperability between the legacy system and the new application, which of the following
stakeholders should be involved in the configuration process before deployment? (Choose two.)
A. Network engineer
B. Service desk personnel
C. Human resources administrator
D. Incident response coordinator
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E. Facilities manager
F. Compliance manager
Correct Answer: AE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 241
A security analyst is classifying data based on input from data owners and other stakeholders. The analyst
has identified three data types:
1. Financially sensitive data
2. Project data
3. Sensitive project data
The analyst proposes that the data be protected in two major groups, with further access control separating
the financially sensitive data from the sensitive project data. The normal project data will be stored in a
separate, less secure location. Some stakeholders are concerned about the recommended approach and
insist that commingling data from different sensitive projects would leave them vulnerable to industrial
espionage.
Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the analyst to recommend?
A. Conduct a quantitative evaluation of the risks associated with commingling the data and reject or accept
the concerns raised by the stakeholders.
B. Meet with the affected stakeholders and determine which security controls would be sufficient to
address the newly raised risks.
C. Use qualitative methods to determine aggregate risk scores for each project and use the derived scores
to more finely segregate the data.
D. Increase the number of available data storage devices to provide enough capacity for physical
separation of non-sensitive project data.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 242
A government contractor was the victim of a malicious attack that resulted in the theft of sensitive
information. An analyst’s subsequent investigation of sensitive systems led to the following discoveries:
There was no indication of the data owner’s or user’s accounts being compromised.
No database activity outside of previous baselines was discovered.
All workstations and servers were fully patched for all known vulnerabilities at the time of the attack.
It was likely not an insider threat, as all employees passed polygraph tests.
Given this scenario, which of the following is the MOST likely attack that occurred?
A. The attacker harvested the hashed credentials of an account within the database administrators group
after dumping the memory of a compromised machine. With these credentials, the attacker was able to
access the database containing sensitive information directly.
B. An account, which belongs to an administrator of virtualization infrastructure, was compromised with a
successful phishing attack. The attacker used these credentials to access the virtual machine manager
and made a copy of the target virtual machine image. The attacker later accessed the image offline to
obtain sensitive information.
C. A shared workstation was physically accessible in a common area of the contractor’s office space and
was compromised by an attacker using a USB exploit, which resulted in gaining a local administrator
account. Using the local administrator credentials, the attacker was able to move laterally to the server
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hosting the database with sensitive information.
D. After successfully using a watering hole attack to deliver an exploit to a machine, which belongs to an
employee of the contractor, an attacker gained access to a corporate laptop. With this access, the
attacker then established a remote session over a VPN connection with the server hosting the database
of sensitive information.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 243
A networking administrator was recently promoted to security administrator in an organization that handles
highly sensitive data. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has just asked for all IT security
personnel to review a zero-day vulnerability and exploit for specific application servers to help mitigate the
organization’s exposure to that risk. Which of the following should the new security administrator review to
gain more information? (Choose three.)
A. CVE database
B. Recent security industry conferences
C. Security vendor pages
D. Known vendor threat models
E. Secure routing metrics
F. Server’s vendor documentation
G. Verified security forums
H. NetFlow analytics
Correct Answer: CEF

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 244
A company has decided to replace all the T-1 uplinks at each regional office and move away from using the
existing MPLS network. All regional sites will use high-speed connections and VPNs to connect back to the
main campus. Which of the following devices would MOST likely be added at each location?
A. SIEM
B. IDS/IPS
C. Proxy server
D. Firewall
E. Router
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 245
An external red team is brought into an organization to perform a penetration test of a new network-based
application. The organization deploying the network application wants the red team to act like remote,
external attackers, and instructs the team to use a black-box approach. Which of the following is the BEST
methodology for the red team to follow?
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A. Run a protocol analyzer to determine what traffic is flowing in and out of the server, and look for ways to
alter the data stream that will result in information leakage or a system failure.
B. Send out spear-phishing emails against users who are known to have access to the network-based
application, so the red team can go on-site with valid credentials and use the software.
C. Examine the application using a port scanner, then run a vulnerability scanner against open ports
looking for known, exploitable weaknesses the application and related services may have.
D. Ask for more details regarding the engagement using social engineering tactics in an attempt to get the
organization to disclose more information about the network application to make attacks easier.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 246
First responders, who are part of a core incident response team, have been working to contain an outbreak
of ransomware that also led to data loss in a rush to isolate the three hosts that were calling out to the NAS
to encrypt whole directories, the hosts were shut down immediately without investigation and then isolated.
Which of the following were missed? (Choose two.)
A. CPU, process state tables, and main memory dumps

B. Essential information needed to perform data restoration to a known clean state
C. Temporary file system and swap space
D. Indicators of compromise to determine ransomware encryption
E. Chain of custody information needed for investigation
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 247
A regional business is expecting a severe winter storm next week. The IT staff has been reviewing
corporate policies on how to handle various situations and found some are missing or incomplete. After
reporting this gap in documentation to the information security manager, a document is immediately drafted
to move various personnel to other locations to avoid downtime in operations. This is an example of:
A. a disaster recovery plan

B. an incident response plan
C. a business continuity plan
D. a risk avoidance plan
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 248
A security engineer successfully exploits an application during a penetration test. As proof of the exploit, the
security engineer takes screenshots of how data was compromised in the application. Given the information
below from the screenshot.
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Which of the following tools was MOST likely used to exploit the application?
A. The engineer captured the data with a protocol analyzer, and then utilized Python to edit the data
B. The engineer queried the server and edited the data using an HTTP proxy interceptor
C. The engineer used a cross-site script sent via curl to edit the data
D. The engineer captured the HTTP headers, and then replaced the JSON data with a banner-grabbing
tool
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 249
A security engineer is analyzing an application during a security assessment to ensure it is configured to
protect against common threats. Given the output below:
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Which of the following tools did the security engineer MOST likely use to generate this output?
A. Application fingerprinter
B. Fuzzer
C. HTTP interceptor
D. Vulnerability scanner
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 250
The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of a major hospital system has received a ransom letter that demands a
large sum of cryptocurrency be transferred to an anonymous account. If the transfer does not take place
within ten hours, the letter states that patient information will be released on the dark web. A partial listing of
recent patients is included in the letter. This is the first indication that a breach took place. Which of the
following steps should be done FIRST?
A. Review audit logs to determine the extent of the breach

B. Pay the hacker under the condition that all information is destroyed
C. Engage a counter-hacking team to retrieve the data
D. Notify the appropriate legal authorities and legal counsel
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 251
A project manager is working with system owners to develop maintenance windows for system pathing and
upgrades in a cloud-based PaaS environment. Management has indicated one maintenance windows will
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be authorized per month, but clients have stated they require quarterly maintenance windows to meet their
obligations. Which of the following documents should the project manager review?
A. MOU
B. SOW
C. SRTM
D. SLA
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 252
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is working with a consultant to perform a gap assessment prior
to an upcoming audit. It is determined during the assessment that the organization lacks controls to
effectively assess regulatory compliance by third-party service providers. Which of the following should be
revised to address this gap?
A. Privacy policy
B. Work breakdown structure
C. Interconnection security agreement
D. Vendor management plan
E. Audit report
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 253
Joe, a penetration tester, is assessing the security of an application binary provided to him by his client.
Which of the following methods would be the MOST effective in reaching this objective?
A. Employ a fuzzing utility

B. Use a static code analyzer
C. Run the binary in an application sandbox
D. Manually review the binary in a text editor
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 254
A security administrator is advocating for enforcement of a new policy that would require employers with
privileged access accounts to undergo periodic inspections and review of certain job performance data. To
which of the following policies is the security administrator MOST likely referring?
A. Background investigation
B. Mandatory vacation
C. Least privilege
D. Separation of duties
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Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 255
An organization is reviewing endpoint security solutions. In evaluating products, the organization has the
following requirements:
1. Support server, laptop, and desktop infrastructure

2. Due to limited security resources, implement active protection capabilities
3. Provide users with the ability to self-service classify information and apply policies
4. Protect data-at-rest and data-in-use
Which of the following endpoint capabilities would BEST meet the above requirements? (Select two.)
A. Data loss prevention

B. Application whitelisting
C. Endpoint detect and respond
D. Rights management
E. Log monitoring
F. Antivirus
Correct Answer: CF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 256
A company is migrating systems from an on-premises facility to a third-party managed datacenter. For
continuity of operations and business agility, remote access to all hardware platforms must be available at
all times. Access controls need to be very robust and provide an audit trail. Which of the following security
controls will meet the company’s objectives? (Select two.)
A. Integrated platform management interfaces are configured to allow access only via SSH
B. Access to hardware platforms is restricted to the systems administrator’s IP address
C. Access is captured in event logs that include source address, time stamp, and outcome
D. The IP addresses of server management interfaces are located within the company’s extranet
E. Access is limited to interactive logins on the VDi
F. Application logs are hashed cryptographically and sent to the SIEM
Correct Answer: CE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 257
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) implemented MFA for all accounts in parallel with the BYOD
policy. After the implementation, employees report the increased authentication method is causing
increased time to tasks. This applies both to accessing the email client on the workstation and the online
collaboration portal. Which of the following should be the CISO implement to address the employees’
concerns?
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A. Create an exception for the company’s IPs.
B. Implement always-on VPN.
C. Configure the use of employee PKI authentication for email.
D. Allow the use of SSO.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 258
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of a large financial institution undergoing an IT transformation
program wants to embed security across the business rapidly and across as many layers of the business as
possible to achieve quick wins and reduce risk to the organization. Which of the following business areas
should the CISO target FIRST to best meet the objective?
A. Programmers and developers should be targeted to ensure secure coding practices, including
automated code reviews with remediation processes, are implemented immediately.
B. Human resources should be targeted to ensure all new employees undertake security awareness and
compliance training to reduce the impact of phishing and ransomware attacks.
C. The project management office should be targeted to ensure security is managed and included at all
levels of the project management cycle for new and in-flight projects.
D. Risk assurance teams should be targeted to help identify key business unit security risks that can be
aggregated across the organization to produce a risk posture dashboard for executive management.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 259
A security administrator is concerned about the increasing number of users who click on malicious links
contained within phishing emails. Although the company has implemented a process to block these links at
the network perimeter, many accounts are still becoming compromised. Which of the following should be
implemented for further reduce the number of account compromises caused by remote users who click
these links?
A. Anti-spam gateways
B. Security awareness training
C. URL rewriting
D. Internal phishing campaign
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 260
A university’s help desk is receiving reports that Internet access on campus is not functioning. The network
administrator looks at the management tools and sees the 1Gbps Internet is completely saturated with
ingress traffic. The administrator sees the following output on the Internet router:
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The administrator calls the university’s ISP for assistance, but it takes more than four hours to speak to a
network engineer who can resolve the problem. Based on the information above, which of the following
should the ISP engineer do to resolve the issue?
A. The ISP engineer should null route traffic to the web server immediately to restore Internet connectivity.
The university should implement a remotely triggered black hole with the ISP to resolve this more
quickly in the future.
B. A university web server is under increased load during enrollment. The ISP engineer should immediately
increase bandwidth to 2Gbps to restore Internet connectivity. In the future, the university should pay for
more bandwidth to handle spikes in web server traffic.
C. The ISP engineer should immediately begin blocking IP addresses that are attacking the web server to
restore Internet connectivity. In the future, the university should install a WAF to prevent this attack from
happening again.
D. The ISP engineer should begin refusing network connections to the web server immediately to restore
Internet connectivity on campus. The university should purchase an IPS device to stop DDoS attacks in
the future.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 261
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) recently changed jobs into a new industry. The CISO’s first task
is to write a new, relevant risk assessment for the organization. Which of the following would BEST help the
CISO find relevant risks to the organization? (Choose two.)
A. Perform a penetration test.

B. Conduct a regulatory audit.
C. Hire a third-party consultant.
D. Define the threat model.
E. Review the existing BIA.
F. Perform an attack path analysis.
Correct Answer: CE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 262
A security engineer is investigating a compromise that occurred between two internal computers. The
engineer has determined during the investigation that one computer infected another. While reviewing the
IDS logs, the engineer can view the outbound callback traffic, but sees no traffic between the two
computers. Which of the following would BEST address the IDS visibility gap?
A. Install network taps at the edge of the network.

B. Send syslog from the IDS into the SIEM.
C. Install HIDS on each computer.
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D. SPAN traffic form the network core into the IDS.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 263
As part of incident response, a technician is taking an image of a compromised system and copying the
image to a remote image server (192.168.45.82). The system drive is very large but does not contain the
sensitive data. The technician has limited time to complete this task. Which of the following is the BEST
command for the technician to run?
A. tar cvf - / | ssh 192.168.45.82 “cat - > /images/image.tar”

B. dd if=/dev/mem | scp - 192.168.45.82:/images/image.dd
C. memdump /dev/sda1 | nc 192.168.45.82 3000
D. dd if=/dev/sda | nc 192.168.45.82 3000
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 264
A network administrator is concerned about a particular server that is attacked occasionally from hosts on
the Internet. The server is not critical; however, the attacks impact the rest of the network.
While the company’s current ISP is cost effective, the ISP is slow to respond to reported issues. The
administrator needs to be able to mitigate the effects of an attack immediately without opening a trouble
ticket with the ISP. The ISP is willing to accept a very small network route advertised with a particular BGP
community string. Which of the following is the BEST way for the administrator to mitigate the effects of
these attacks?
A. Use the route protection offered by the ISP to accept only BGP routes from trusted hosts on the Internet,
which will discard traffic from attacking hosts.
B. Work with the ISP and subscribe to an IPS filter that can recognize the attack patterns of the attacking
hosts, and block those hosts at the local IPS device.
C. Advertise a /32 route to the ISP to initiate a remotely triggered black hole, which will discard traffic
destined to the problem server at the upstream provider.
D. Add a redundant connection to a second local ISP, so a redundant connection is available for use if the
server is being attacked on one connection.
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 265
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) needs to establish a KRI for a particular system. The system
holds archives of contracts that are no longer in use. The contracts contain intellectual property and have a
data classification of non-public. Which of the following be the BEST risk indicator for this system?
A. Average minutes of downtime per quarter

B. Percent of patches applied in the past 30 days
C. Count of login failures per week
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D. Number of accounts accessing the system per day
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 266
Staff members are reporting an unusual number of device thefts associated with time out of the office.
Thefts increased soon after the company deployed a new social networking app. Which of the following
should the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) recommend implementing?
A. Automatic location check-ins

B. Geolocated presence privacy
C. Integrity controls
D. NAC checks to quarantine devices
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 267
A security engineer is assessing a new IoT product. The product interfaces with the ODBII port of a vehicle
and uses a Bluetooth connection to relay data to an onboard data logger located in the vehicle. The data
logger can only transfer data over a custom USB cable. The engineer suspects a relay attack is possible
against the cryptographic implementation used to secure messages between segments of the system.
Which of the following tools should the engineer use to confirm the analysis?
A. Binary decompiler
B. Wireless protocol analyzer
C. Log analysis and reduction tools
D. Network-based fuzzer
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 268
A recent security assessment revealed a web application may be vulnerable to clickjacking. According to
the application developers, a fix may be months away. Which of the following should a security engineer
configure on the web server to help mitigate the issue?
A. File upload size limits

B. HttpOnly cookie field
C. X-Frame-Options header
D. Input validation
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 269
A developer is reviewing the following transaction logs from a web application:
Username: John Doe

Street name: Main St.
Street number: <script>alert(‘test’)</alert>
Which of the following code snippets should the developer implement given the above transaction logs?
A. if ($input != strcmp($var1, “<>”)) {die();}

B. <form name =”form1” action=”/submit.php” onsubmit=”return validate()”
action=POST>
C. $input=strip_tags(trim($_POST[‘var1’]));
D. <html><form name=”myform” action=”www.server.com/php/submit.php action=GET”
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 270
A manufacturing company recently recovered from an attack on its ICS devices. It has since reduced the
attack surface by isolating the affected components. The company now wants to implement detection
capabilities. It is considering a system that is based on machine learning. Which of the following features
would BEST describe the driver to adopt such nascent technology over mainstream commercial IDSs?
A. Trains on normal behavior and identifies deviations therefrom

B. Identifies and triggers upon known bad signatures and behaviors
C. Classifies traffic based on logical protocols and messaging formats
D. Automatically reconfigures ICS devices based on observed behavior
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 271
An engineer is reviewing the security architecture for an enterprise network. During the review, the engineer
notices an undocumented node on the network. Which of the following approaches can be utilized to
determine how this node operates? (Choose two.)
A. Use reverse engineering and techniques

B. Assess the node within a continuous integration environment
C. Employ a static code analyzer
D. Review network and traffic logs
E. Use a penetration testing framework to analyze the node
F. Analyze the output of a ping sweep
Correct Answer: DE
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 272
A security administrator is reviewing the following output from an offline password audit:
Which of the following should the systems administrator implement to BEST address this audit finding?
(Choose two.)
A. Cryptoprocessor
B. Bcrypt
C. SHA-256
D. PBKDF2
E. Message authentication
Correct Answer: BD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 273
A corporate forensic investigator has been asked to acquire five forensic images of an employee database
application. There are three images to capture in the United States, one in the United Kingdom, and one in
Germany. Upon completing the work, the forensics investigator saves the images to a local workstation.
Which of the following types of concerns should the forensic investigator have about this work assignment?
A. Environmental
B. Privacy
C. Ethical
D. Criminal
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 274
A security consultant is performing a penetration test on www.comptia.org and wants to discover the DNS
administrator’s email address to use in a later social engineering attack. The information listed with the DNS
registrar is private. Which of the following commands will also disclose the email address?
A. dig –h comptia.org
B. whois –f comptia.org
C. nslookup –type=SOA comptia.org
D. dnsrecon –i comptia.org –t hostmaster
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 275
Ann, a corporate executive, has been the recent target of increasing attempts to obtain corporate secrets by
competitors through advanced, well-funded means. Ann frequently leaves her laptop unattended and
physically unsecure in hotel rooms during travel. A security engineer must find a practical solution for Ann
that minimizes the need for user training. Which of the following is the BEST solution in this scenario?
A. Full disk encryption

B. Biometric authentication
C. An eFuse-based solution
D. Two-factor authentication
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 276
An internal application has been developed to increase the efficiency of an operational process of a global
manufacturer. New code was implemented to fix a security bug, but it has caused operations to halt. The
executive team has decided fixing the security bug is less important than continuing operations.
Which of the following would BEST support immediate rollback of the failed fix? (Choose two.)
A. Version control
B. Agile development
C. Waterfall development
D. Change management
E. Continuous integration
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 277
An analyst is investigating behavior on a corporate-owned, corporate-managed mobile device with
application whitelisting enabled, based on a name string. The employee to whom the device is assigned
reports the approved email client is displaying warning messages that can launch browser windows and is
adding unrecognized email addresses to the “compose” window.
Which of the following would provide the analyst the BEST chance of understanding and characterizing the
malicious behavior?
A. Reverse engineer the application binary.

B. Perform static code analysis on the source code.
C. Analyze the device firmware via the JTAG interface.
D. Change to a whitelist that uses cryptographic hashing.
E. Penetration test the mobile application.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 278
A security appliance vendor is reviewing an RFP that is requesting solutions for the defense of a set of web-
based applications. This RFP is from a financial institution with very strict performance requirements. The
vendor would like to respond with its solutions.
Before responding, which of the following factors is MOST likely to have an adverse effect on the vendor’s
qualifications?
A. The solution employs threat information-sharing capabilities using a proprietary data model.
B. The RFP is issued by a financial institution that is headquartered outside of the vendor’s own country.
C. The overall solution proposed by the vendor comes in less that the TCO parameter in the RFP.
D. The vendor’s proposed solution operates below the KPPs indicated in the RFP.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 279
A vulnerability was recently announced that allows a malicious user to gain root privileges on other virtual
machines running within the same hardware cluster. Customers of which of the following cloud-based
solutions should be MOST concerned about this vulnerability?
A. Single-tenant private cloud

B. Multitenant SaaS cloud
C. Single-tenant hybrid cloud
D. Multitenant IaaS cloud
E. Multitenant PaaS cloud
F. Single-tenant public cloud
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 280
Company leadership believes employees are experiencing an increased number of cyber attacks; however,
the metrics do not show this. Currently, the company uses “Number of successful phishing attacks” as a
KRI, but it does not show an increase.
Which of the following additional information should be the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) include
in the report?
A. The ratio of phishing emails to non-phishing emails

B. The number of phishing attacks per employee
C. The number of unsuccessful phishing attacks
D. The percent of successful phishing attacks
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 281
An organization’s network security administrator has been using an SSH connection to manage switches
and routers for several years. After attempting to connect to a router, an alert appears on the terminal
emulation software, warning that the SSH key has changed.
After confirming the administrator is using the typical workstation and the router has not been replaced,
which of the following are the MOST likely explanations for the warning message? (Choose two.).
A. The SSH keys were given to another department.

B. A MITM attack is being performed by an APT.
C. The terminal emulator does not support SHA-256.
D. An incorrect username or password was entered.
E. A key rotation has occurred as a result of an incident.
F. The workstation is not syncing with the correct NTP server.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 282
Following a recent outage, a systems administrator is conducting a study to determine a suitable bench
stock on server hard drives.
Which of the following metrics is MOST valuable to the administrator in determining how many hard drives
to keep-on hand?
A. TTR
B. ALE
C. MTBF
D. SLE
E. RPO
Correct Answer: C
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 283
A school contracts with a vendor to devise a solution that will enable the school library to lend out tablet
computers to students while on site. The tablets must adhere to string security and privacy practices. The
school’s key requirements are to:
Maintain privacy of students in case of loss

Have a theft detection control in place
Be compliant with defined disability requirements
Have a four-hour minimum battery life
Which of the following should be configured to BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Remote wiping
B. Geofencing
C. Antivirus software
D. TPM
E. FDE
DR.COMPUTER
F. Tokenization
Correct Answer: AD
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 284
A project manager is working with a software development group to collect and evaluate user scenarios
related to the organization’s internally designed data analytics tool. While reviewing stakeholder input, the
project manager would like to formally document the needs of the various stakeholders and the associated
organizational compliance objectives supported by the project.
Which of the following would be MOST appropriate to use?
A. Roles matrix
B. Peer review
C. BIA
D. SRTM
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 285
A laptop is recovered a few days after it was stolen.
Which of the following should be verified during incident response activities to determine the possible
impact of the incident?
A. Full disk encryption status

B. TPM PCR values
C. File system integrity
D. Presence of UEFI vulnerabilities
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 286
Ann, a security administrator, is conducting an assessment on a new firewall, which was placed at the
perimeter of a network containing PII. Ann runs the following commands on a server (10.0.1.19) behind the
firewall:
From her own workstation (192.168.2.45) outside the firewall, Ann then runs a port scan against the server
and records the following packet capture of the port scan:
DR.COMPUTER
Connectivity to the server from outside the firewall worked as expected prior to executing these commands.
Which of the following can be said about the new firewall?
A. It is correctly dropping all packets destined for the server.

B. It is not blocking or filtering any traffic to the server.
C. Iptables needs to be restarted.
D. The IDS functionality of the firewall is currently disabled.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 287
A new database application was added to a company’s hosted VM environment. Firewall ACLs were
modified to allow database users to access the server remotely. The company’s cloud security broker then
identified abnormal from a database user on-site. Upon further investigation, the security team noticed the
user ran code on a VM that provided access to the hypervisor directly and access to other sensitive data.
Which of the following should the security do to help mitigate future attacks within the VM environment?
(Choose two.)
A. Install the appropriate patches.

B. Install perimeter NGFW.
C. Configure VM isolation.
D. Deprovision database VM.
E. Change the user’s access privileges.
F. Update virus definitions on all endpoints.
Correct Answer: AB
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 288
A penetration testing manager is contributing to an RFP for the purchase of a new platform. The manager
has provided the following requirements:
Must be able to MITM web-based protocols

Must be able to find common misconfigurations and security holes
Which of the following types of testing should be included in the testing platform? (Choose two.)
A. Reverse engineering tool

B. HTTP intercepting proxy
DR.COMPUTER
C. Vulnerability scanner
D. File integrity monitor
E. Password cracker
F. Fuzzer
Correct Answer: BC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 289
An incident responder wants to capture volatile memory comprehensively from a running machine for
forensic purposes. The machine is running a very recent release of the Linux OS.
Which of the following technical approaches would be the MOST feasible way to accomplish this capture?
A. Run the memdump utility with the -k flag.

B. Use a loadable kernel module capture utility, such as LiME.
C. Run dd on/dev/mem.
D. Employ a stand-alone utility, such as FTK Imager.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 290
A request has been approved for a vendor to access a new internal server using only HTTPS and SSH to
manage the back-end system for the portal. Internal users just need HTTP and HTTPS access to all
internal web servers. All other external access to the new server and its subnet is not allowed. The security
manager must ensure proper access is configured.
Below is a snippet from the firewall related to that server (access is provided in a top-down model):
Which of the following lines should be configured to allow the proper access? (Choose two.)
DR.COMPUTER
A. Move line 3 below line 4 and change port 80 to 443 on line 4.
B. Move line 3 below line 4 and add port 443 to line.
C. Move line 4 below line 5 and add port 80 to 8080 on line 2.
D. Add port 22 to line 2.
E. Add port 22 to line 5.
F. Add port 443 to line 2.
G. Add port 443 to line 5.
Correct Answer: BF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 291
A firewall specialist has been newly assigned to participate in red team exercises and needs to ensure the
skills represent real-world threats.
Which of the following would be the BEST choice to help the new team member learn bleeding-edge
techniques?
A. Attend hacking conventions.

B. Research methods while using Tor.
C. Interview current red team members.
D. Attend web-based training.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 292
An organization is implementing a virtualized thin-client solution for normal user computing and access.
During a review of the architecture, concerns were raised that an attacker could gain access to multiple
user environments by simply gaining a foothold on a single one with malware. Which of the following
reasons BEST explains this?
A. Malware on one virtual environment could enable pivoting to others by leveraging vulnerabilities in the
hypervisor.
B. A worm on one virtual environment could spread to others by taking advantage of guest OS networking
services vulnerabilities.
C. One virtual environment may have one or more application-layer vulnerabilities, which could allow an
attacker to escape that environment.
D. Malware on one virtual user environment could be copied to all others by the attached network storage
controller.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 293
An online bank has contracted with a consultant to perform a security assessment of the bank’s web portal.
The consultant notices the login page is linked from the main page with HTTPS, but when the URL is
changed to HTTP, the browser is automatically redirected back to the HTTPS site. Which of the following is
DR.COMPUTER
a concern for the consultant, and how can it be mitigated?
A. XSS could be used to inject code into the login page during the redirect to the HTTPS site. The
consultant should implement a WAF to prevent this.
B. The consultant is concerned the site is using an older version of the SSL 3.0 protocol that is vulnerable
to a variety of attacks. Upgrading the site to TLS 1.0 would mitigate this issue.
C. The HTTP traffic is vulnerable to network sniffing, which could disclose usernames and passwords to an
attacker. The consultant should recommend disabling HTTP on the web server.
D. A successful MITM attack Could intercept the redirect and use sslstrip to decrypt further HTTPS
traffic. Implementing HSTS on the web server would prevent this.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 294
A security administrator wants to implement controls to harden company-owned mobile devices. Company
policy specifies the following requirements:
Mandatory access control must be enforced by the OS.

Devices must only use the mobile carrier data transport.
Which of the following controls should the security administrator implement? (Select three).
A. Enable DLP
B. Enable SEAndroid
C. Enable EDR
D. Enable secure boot
E. Enable remote wipe
F. Disable Bluetooth
G. Disable 802.11
H. Disable geotagging
Correct Answer: BFG

Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 295
While conducting online research about a company to prepare for an upcoming penetration test, a security
analyst discovers detailed financial information on an investor website the company did not make public.
The analyst shares this information with the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), who confirms the information is
accurate, as it was recently discussed at a board of directors meeting. Many of the details are verbatim
discussion comments captured by the board secretary for purposes of transcription on a mobile device.
Which of the following would MOST likely prevent a similar breach in the future?
A. Remote wipe
B. FDE
C. Geolocation
D. eFuse
E. VPN
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 296
An organization wants to allow its employees to receive corporate email on their own smartphones. A
security analyst is reviewing the following information contained within the file system of an employee’s
smartphone:
FamilyPix.jpg
Taxreturn.tax
paystub.pdf
employeesinfo.xls
SoccerSchedule.doc
RecruitmentPlan.xls
Based on the above findings, which of the following should the organization implement to prevent further
exposure? (Select two).
A. Remote wiping
B. Side loading
C. VPN
D. Containerization
E. Rooting
F. Geofencing
G. Jailbreaking
Correct Answer: AC
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 297
An infrastructure team within an energy organization is at the end of a procurement process and has
selected a vendor’s SaaS platform to deliver services. As part of the legal negotiation, there are a number
of outstanding risks, including:
1. There are clauses that confirm a data retention period in line with what is in the energy organization’s
security policy.
2. The data will be hosted and managed outside of the energy organization’s geographical location.
The number of users accessing the system will be small, and no sensitive data will be hosted in the SaaS
platform. Which of the following should the project’s security consultant recommend as the NEXT step?
A. Develop a security exemption, as the solution does not meet the security policies of the energy
organization.
B. Require a solution owner within the energy organization to accept the identified risks and consequences.
C. Mititgate the risks by asking the vendor to accept the in-country privacy principles and modify the
retention period.
D. Review the procurement process to determine the lessons learned in relation to discovering risks toward
the end of the process.
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
QUESTION 298
A developer emails the following output to a security administrator for review:
Which of the following tools might the security administrator use to perform further security assessment of
this issue?
A. Port scanner
B. Vulnerability scanner
C. Fuzzer
D. HTTP interceptor
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 299
A software development company lost customers recently because of a large number of software issues.
These issues were related to integrity and availability defects, including buffer overflows, pointer
deferences, and others. Which of the following should the company implement to improve code quality?
(Select two).
A. Development environment access controls

B. Continuous integration
C. Code comments and documentation
D. Static analysis tools
E. Application containerization
F. Code obfuscation
Correct Answer: DF
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 300
An enterprise is trying to secure a specific web-based application by forcing the use of multifactor
authentication. Currently, the enterprise cannot change the application’s sign-in page to include an extra
field. However, the web-based application supports SAML. Which of the following would BEST secure the
application?
A. Using an SSO application that supports mutlifactor authentication

B. Enabling the web application to support LDAP integration
C. Forcing higher-complexity passwords and frequent changes
D. Deploying Shibboleth to all web-based applications in the enterprise
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
DR.COMPUTER
Explanation
QUESTION 301
After significant vulnerabilities and misconfigurations were found in numerous production web applications,
a security manager identified the need to implement better development controls.
Which of the following controls should be verified? (Select two).
A. Input validation routines are enforced on the server side.

B. Operating systems do not permit null sessions.
C. Systems administrators receive application security training.
D. VPN connections are terminated after a defined period of time.
E. Error-handling logic fails securely.
F. OCSP calls are handled effectively.
Correct Answer: AE
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 302
An organization wants to arm its cybersecurity defensive suite automatically with intelligence on zero-day
threats shortly after they emerge. Acquiring tools and services that support which of the following data
standards would BEST enable the organization to meet this objective?
A. XCCDF
B. OVAL
C. STIX
D. CWE
E. CVE
Correct Answer: E
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 303
A financial institution’s information security officer is working with the risk management officer to determine
what to do with the institution’s residual risk after all security controls have been implemented. Considering
the institution’s very low risk tolerance, which of the following strategies would be BEST?
A. Transfer the risk.

B. Avoid the risk
C. Mitigate the risk.
D. Accept the risk.
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 304
DR.COMPUTER
A large, public university has recently been experiencing an increase in ransomware attacks against
computers connected to its network. Security engineers have discovered various staff members receiving
seemingly innocuous files in their email that are being run. Which of the following would BEST mitigate this
attack method?
A. Improving organizations email filtering

B. Conducting user awareness training
C. Upgrading endpoint anti-malware software
D. Enabling application whitelisting
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 305
A security architect is reviewing the code for a company’s financial website. The architect suggests adding
the following HTML element, along with a server-side function, to generate a random number on the page
used to initiate a funds transfer:
<input type=”hidden” name=”token” value=generateRandomNumber()>
Which of the following attacks is the security architect attempting to prevent?
A. SQL injection
B. XSRF
C. XSS
D. Clickjacking
Correct Answer: B
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 306
A security engineer is assessing the controls that are in place to secure the corporate-Internet-facing DNS
server. The engineer notices that security ACLs exist but are not being used properly. The DNS server
should respond to any source but only provide information about domains it has authority over. Additionally,
the DNS administrator have identified some problematic IP addresses that should not be able to make DNS
requests. Given the ACLs below:
DR.COMPUTER
Which of the following should the security administrator configure to meet the DNS security needs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Answer: D
Section: (none)
Explanation
QUESTION 307
Following a recent and very large corporate merger, the number of log files an SOC needs to review has
approximately tripled. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has not been allowed to hire any more
staff for the SOC, but is looking for other ways to automate the log review process so the SOC receives
less noise. Which of the following would BEST reduce log noise for the SOC?
A. SIEM filtering
B. Machine learning
C. Outsourcing
D. Centralized IPS
Correct Answer: A
Section: (none)
Explanation
DR.COMPUTER
DR.COMPUTER

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CAS-003.prepaway.premium.exam.

CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP)

Select and Place:

Select and Place:

A. Utilize insider threat consultants to provide expertise.

Select and Place:

Correct Answer: CEF

A. Secure storage policies

A. Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> ANY

A. The public/private views on the Comptia.org DNS servers are misconfigured

A. A root user performed an injection attack via kernel module

A. High confidentiality, high availability

A. VNC, router, and HIPS

A. Remotely triggered black hole

A. Deploy virtual desktop infrastructure with an OOB management network

A. Documentation of lessons learned

High-impact controls implemented: 6 out of 10

A. Update and deploy GPOs

A. Install a HIPS on the web servers

A. Magic link sent to an email address

Correct Answer: BCE

A. 1. Perform the ongoing research of the best practices

Which of the following commands would have provided this output?

A. Black box testing

Correct Answer: AEF

A. The OS version is not compatible

A. VLAN201, VLAN202, VLAN400

A. Business partnership agreement

A. Implementing regression testing

Selection of a cloud provider

A. Key risk indicators

Which of the following should the security engineer recommend?

A. When it is mandated by their legal and regulatory requirements

A. Static code analysis in the IDE environment

A. Isolate the systems on their own network

Store taxation-related documents for five years

A. Capacity planning policy

Correct Answer: BEH

A. Rewrite the software to implement fine-grained, conditions-based testing

Correct Answer: Please see the explanation below

In Rule no. 6 from top, edit the Action to be Permit.

Task 4: Ensure the final rule is an explicit deny

A. Conduct a penetration test on each function as it is developed

Which of the following vulnerability types in the MOST concerning?

A. Access control list

A. Data retention policy

Which of the following is MOST likely to produce the needed information?

A. Run an antivirus scan on the finance PC.

Which of the following tools should be used? (Choose two.)

New security notifications must be dynamically implemented by the SIEM engine

A. Autoscaling search capability

Active full-device encryption

A. Require frequent password changes and disable NFC.

User IP space: 192.168.1.0/24

Which of the following should the engineer do?

A. Use a protocol analyzer on 192.168.1.0/24

Which of the following would BEST address the CIO’s concerns?

A. Employ hardware FDE or SED solutions.

A. The filtering of sensitive data out of data flows at geographic boundaries.