GENERAL

1. ."As far Philosophers,they make imaginary Laws for imaginary

Commonwealths".Elucidate this statement.

2. Discuss the three principles for constituting the Second Chamber in a bi-
cameral Legislature.

3. Explain the doctrine of Judicial Review.

4. Theory of seperation of Power

5. Liberty is described as power to do or enjoy something that is worth doing or

enjoying in common with others." In the light of the above statement discuss the
significance of liberty in the contemporary societies.

6. In what circumstances might a democratic country turn to military

dictatorship or totalitarian rule.?

7. Define and discuss Liberty and its safeguards. Enlist the causes of its decline
in modern times also.

8. Would you agree if it is stated that dictatorship is the only remedy for social,
political and economic instability in a developing country?

9. Define political science. To what extent can one be systematic in a study of

political process? How " scientific" is political science?

10. classical Liberalism

11. Write a comprehensive note on the power of judicial review and its limits in the context
of Pakistan.

12. The nature and emergence of “nation state”

13. Define and discuss Liberty and its safeguards. Enlist the causes of decline in
modern times.

14. Independence of judiciary

15. (b) Social Justice

(c) Oligarchy short notes

16. Discuss the "Political Culture". Also its importance.

17. (a) Liberty

(b) Separation of Power

18. End of History (c) Women Empowerment

19. Civil society

20. The growing judicial activism in Pakistan is clearly at the expanse of parliamentary
sovereignty and supremacy. Critically analyze the statement.
 21. What is the significance of independent judiciary in a democratic republic? Do you think
that without an independent judiciary a system of checks and balances can be established in the
government? Explain with appropriate examples.

22. Role of middle class in strengthening the democracy. (b) Violation of parliamentary
values and traditions in Pakistan (c) Significance of religious harmony in a state.

23. Explain the concept of Nationality and distinguish between Nationality and Citizenship.

24. Globalization restrict the autonomy of the state, generates domestic social conflicts, and
inequalities. Discuss the interactions between globalization and domestic politics.

25. How far is it true to say that the origin of the state lies in force? Discuss critically the
Theory of Force regarding the origin of state.

Machiavelli
1. Machiavelli enunciated the philosophy of art of the government for effective
discipline and stability in the state. Analyze and discuss the basis of his philosophy in
detail.

2. “Is it correct to call Machiavelli citizen of all states and contemporary of all
ages”. Argue.

3. Is it correct to say that Machiavelli was an apostle of Power Politics?

MONTESQUE
1. Montesquieu expounded his theory of separation of power to set forth the
government organization in order to safeguard the political liberty. Explain.

2. Narrate those facts on which he has been called the Aristotle of the
Eighteenth Century.

3. How Montesquieu classify government? Which form he considers to be the

best?

4. Machiavelli enunciated the philosophy of Art of government for effective

disciplineand stability in the satate. Analyse and discuss the basis of this philosophy
in detail?

5. Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been

called the Aristotle of eighteenth century? Discuss.

6. Montesquieu with all his faults and irregularities is the father of modern
historical research." explain and discuss.
 7. Examine Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers. Why he has been
called "Aristotle" of eighteen century? Discuss.

BENTHAM
1. Bentham’s theory of Punishment.

2. Banthom's theory of Punishment

Hegal
1. Examine the view that Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human consciousness
to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.

MARX
1. It is said that Hegal’s dialectic theory was standing on its bead but Marx has
reserved it. Discuss this statement.

PLATO
1. Explain Plato’s Theory of Justice. How he tries to implement it through the
Education System?

2. Plato’s Communism was, is and will remain impracticable. Critically examine

this statement.

3. Examine the main similarities and differences in the Political Ideas of Plato
and Aristotle.

4. Fscism VS Platonism

5. Explain Plato's theory of Justice. How he tries to impliment it through

educational system?

6. Plato intended to build an institution for scientific study of politics and

training of statesman" elaborate

7. Discuss Plato’s contribution to the History of political thought.

8. Plato intended to build an institution for scientific study of politics and training
of statesman." elaborate.

9. Platonic and Aristotelian paradigms. (SHORT NOTE)

10. Critically examine the concept of "Justice" by Plato.
 11. Critically analyze the salient features of Plato’s Republic. Do you think that some of its
features are valid, even today?
ARISTOTLE

1. Examine the main similarities and differences in the Political Ideas of Plato
and Aristotle.

2. Aristotle was a REALIST and not an IDEALIST- explain w.r.t his theory of the
Ends and functions of the state.

3. “Aristotle was great but not grateful student of Plato”. Comment.

4. Give a critical analysis of Aristotle’s classification of Governments.

LOCKE

1. Examine the nature of the contract expounded by Locke revolving in the

establishment of the Civil Society

2. Compare the views of HOBBES,LOCKE and ROUSSEAU on Social Contract and

Sovereignty.

3. LOCKE was the father of Modern Liberal Democracy-comment

4. The natural rights of men are right to live,liberty and paoperty".(Locke)

5. Discuss Locke and Hobbes’ perspectives on the “State of Nature”.

6. Critically analyse the Social Contract theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau.

HOBBES

1. Hobbes and Bodin are said to be the proponents of the theory of Absolutism.
Do you agree? Give reasons.

2. "Life in state of nature was nasty,poor,brutish and short." (Hobbes

3. Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and

Locke. How are these philosophies implemented in present day political systems and
policy making?

4. What is the concept of State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its
comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau.
ROSSEAU’S

1. How General Will of a Societyii formulated? Discuss in the light of Rousseau's

interpretation, on the conclusions, characteristics and criticism of the Theory of
Genera! Will.

2. Describe the basic features of Rousseau’s political philosophy.

3. Appreciation and criticism of Rousseau’s theory of General Will.

4. Rousseau theory of general will

MAO ZEDONG

1. Mao’s views on Individualism.

BODIN

1. Hobbes and Bodin are said to be the proponents of the theory of Absolutism. Do you
agree? Give reasons.

KARL MARX

1. Political Philosophy of Karl Marx

2. It is said that Hegel's dialectical theory was standing on its head but Marx has
reserved it?. Discuss

3. -views of marx on socialist revolution

4. Marx’s historical materialism is the application of dialectical materialism to explain

historical events, processes and developments in society. Elaborate.
5. Marx's theory of Class Struggle

6. According to Marx "the mode of production in material life determines the

general character of social, political and spiritual process in life". Elucidate.

JS MILL

1. State the grounds on which Mill advocated the freedom of individual's

conduct.what limitations did he apply to this freedom?

A.Iqbal

1. Explain Allama Iqbal’s Concept of Nationalism. Do you agree that it developed through a
lengthy process of evolution?

7. Dr.Iqbal's concept of Ego (Khudi)

8. Examine the contribution of Allama Iqbal as a Philosopher and as a supporter

of Muslim unity.

9. Iqbal’s views on Ijtehad

10. Iqbal’s concept of Millet (SHORT NOTE)

11. Discuss the Allam Iqbal's concept of "Khudi".

12. Compare the concept of Millat and Territorial Nationalism by Iqbal.

 13. Write a detailed essay on the principle of Ijtihad in Islam as given by Allama Iqbal. How it
can be made possible in the modern age?
AL-FARABI

1. “Farabi was much inspired by Plato in his setting of the Ideal City, or the
Model State.” Discuss

2. Al – Farabi must be placed among the proponents of the Theory of Social

Contract.” In the light of this statement.

3. AI-FarabPs Concept of State

4. Ideal State of Al-Farabi

5. Al-farabi theory of state

6. Discuss in detail the concept of "Raisul Awwal" by Al-Farabi.

AL-GHAZALI

1. Enlist the quantities of Al-Ghazali’s Amir and detail account of his daily
routine.

2. AL-GHAZALI was the tourch bearer of the Muslim Rationalistic Renaissance.

Analyse the statement in view of his status as a MUJADDID

3. Critically appreciate Al-Ghazali theory of Khalafat

KHALDUN

1. Ibn-Khuldun’s stages in the development of the state.

2. "Ibn-e-Khaledun is called the Father of Political Economy".Discuss his views

on Political Economy.

3. Discuss the place of Ibn-e-Khuldun in the history of Political Philosphy?

4. How far is it true to say that Ibn-e-Khaldun perhaps was the first philosopher
to realize the relevant importance of economics to politics? Argue.

5. Ibn-e-khaldun perhaps was the first philosopher to realize the relevant

importance of economics to politics. Discuss.

6. Ibne Khaldun's concept of Asbiyah

7. Asabiya

8. Discuss the upward and downward development of state, rulers and ruled in
the socio-political thought of Ibn Khaldun.

9. Write a detailed note on the concept of asbiah as given by Ibn-e-Khaldun. What is its
significance in the progress and decline of nations?
AL-MAWARDI

1. The Imamate is established to replace prophecy in the defence of faith and

the administration of the world". Elaborate this statement of Al-Mawardi with
reference to his Theory of Jmarnate.

2. “Al-Marwardi brought constitutional theory of Islam in line with political reality

of his time.” Discuss this with reference to his views on ‘Khlafat’ and Wizarate’.

3. Describe Al-Mawardi’s theory of Imamate.

NIZAM ul MULK TUSI

1. Discuss the theory of Kingship as propounded by Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi.

SOVEREIGNTY

1. Sovereignty is the most essential element of state hood-explain wrt the

differences in the nature of western and Islamic concepts of sovereignty.

2. Attributes of Sovereignty

FEDEREAL SYSTEM

1. What are the essential pre-requisites for successful Federal System?

2. Merits of Federation

3. What characteristics of society leads to adoption of federal form of

government? How it can function successfully?

4. xplain, ‘Confederation’. How it is different from Federation?

TYPE OF GOV
1. Keeping in view the concept of Shura in Islam, which system of government
you suggest for an Islamic State – Presidential, Parliamentary or any other? Explain
you answer in detail, especially with reference to the practical problems.
2. Elaborate the characteristics of Islamic State. Give proper references from the
Holy Quran and Sunnah.
3. Examine in detail the principal advantages and disadvantages of
parliamentary over presidentail form of government.
4. An Ideal Islamic State is bound to bring revolutionary changes in all spheres
of human life.” Discuss
 5. discus the principal advantages and disadvantages of parliamentary over
presidential form of govt. With special reference to Pakistan.

6. Discuss "Democratic Political System". How can it bring even change in the
society.

7. (b) Totalitarianism

8. “Democratic Political System can not function successfully without organized Political
Parties.” Discuss.
9. What is the Islamic concept of State? Identify issues and challenges to the
Islamic concept of state in the modern times.

DEMOCRACY VS DICTATORSHIP
1. Compare and contrast between Democracy and Dictatorship.

2. What are the prerequisites for the success of democratic Political System?

LOCAL GOV
1. Write a critical note on “Devolution of Power Plan 200”. Explain also its
positive as well as negative points as compared to the previous system of local
government in Pakistan.
2. Write an essay on the structure and powers of the present local Government
in Pakistan.
(b) Point out its merits and demerits.

3. Point out the problems and prospects of local –self Government in

Pakistan.

4. What is significance of Local Government System in a country? Discuss the reasons of

repeated failures of the efforts in Pakistan to establish a stable local government

MILITARY INTERVENTIONS IN DEVELOPING STATES

1. Explain the general reasons of military interventions in politics in the
developing countries of the world. What precautionary measures you suggest to
avoid such situation.

THEORY OF RIGHT
1. Rights are conceived in different ways of various political philosophers.
Critically examine the most important theories of right.
2. Critically examine the most important theories of Rights as explained by
different writers.(Minimum three).
 3. Rights and duties are based on the principal of reciprocity?. Explain.

4. Rights and duties are two facets of the same coin. *********

FEDERATION
1. In all federations there is a manifest tendency to entrust the central
governments with a wider and wider sphere of authority.” Analyze the statement and
discuss in detail.
2. Differentiate between Federation and Alliance.
3. Merits of Federation.
4. How far 18th amendments will transform the existing federal system in Pakistan?

COMMUNISM
1. Communism is inimical to democracy, freedom and actual rights.” Critically
examine the statement.
2. What are the salient features of communism? Briefly explain

PUBLIC OPINION

1. What are the agencies available for formation and expression of public
opinion. Also discuss the methods of influencing public opinion.

2. What are the agencies available for the formation of and expression of public
opinion. Also Discuss the methods of influencing public opinion. Can public opinion be
regarded as the 5th essential element of a modern democratic state?

3. Public opinion
OPINION POLLS

1. Opinion Polls.

POLITICAL PARTIES

1. Give a brief account of historical evolution of Political Parties with reference to

theories on the origin of Parties.Also enumerate functions of Political Parties.

2. Discuss the importance of Political Parties in a Modern state and assess, Their
role as effective instrument of mobilizing Public Opinion.

3. Define political parties and their functions. In your view, which party system
is suitable for Pakistan's political system?

4. Compare and contrast the differing roles played by political parties and
interest groups in making public policy?

PRESSURE GROUPS
 1. Discuss organization & functions of pressure groups. Point out indicators of its
effectiveness also.

SHORT NOTES:

Write short notes on the following:

(a) Political Parties
(b) Pressure Groups

FASCISM

1. Discuss the principles of "Fascism" highlighting its historical background.

2. Principles of Fascism.

3. What is Fascism and why it is considered to be the child of first half of 20th
century events to place in Europe?

4. Fascism generally flourishes in countries with strong nationalism and weak democracies.
Discuss the enabling conditions for fascism with reference to Germany and Italy.
GOVERNMENT

1. What are the powers and functions of an executive as a second great organ of
the Government.