Modern Database Management Test Bank Chapter 7

Chapter 6 Introduction to SQL
1) Which of the following is a purpose of the SQL standard?
A) To specify syntax and semantics of SQL data definition and manipulation

B) To specify minimal and complete standards, which permit different degrees of adoption in products
C) To define the data structures and basic operations for SQL databases
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 245
Topic: Origins of the SQL Standard
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
2) The benefits of a standardized relational language include:
A) application longevity.
B) reduced training costs.
C) cross-system communication.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 245-246
3) The ________ is the structure that contains descriptions of objects such as tables and views created
by users.
A) SQL
B) schema
C) catalog
D) master view
Answer: B
Topic: The SQL Environment

AACSB: Analytic Skills, Use of Information Technology
4) ________ is a set of commands used to control a database, which includes security.
A) DML
B) DDL
C) DCL
D) DPL
Answer: C
5) ________ is a set of commands used to update and query a database.
A) DML
B) DDL
C) DCL
D) DPL
Answer: A
6) DDL is typically used during which phases of the development process?
A) Implementation
B) Physical design
C) Analysis
D) All of the above
Answer: B

7) The command for creating a database is:
A) create table.
B) create view.
C) create schema.
D) create authorization.
Answer: C
Topic: Defining a Database in SQL
8) The SQL command ________ defines a logical table from one or more tables or views.
A) create table
B) alter table
C) create view
D) create relationship
Answer: C
Subtopic: Generating SQL Database Definitions
9) Any create command may be reversed by using a ________ command.
A) truncate
B) drop
C) delete
D) unpack
Answer: B
10) The first in a series of steps to follow when creating a table is to:
A) identify columns that must be unique.

B) identify each attribute and its characteristics.
C) create an index.
D) identify columns that must be null.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 252, 253
Subtopic: Creating Tables
11) The SQL command ________ adds one or more new columns to a table.
A) create table
B) alter table
C) create view
D) create relationship
Answer: B
Subtopic: Changing Table Definitions
12) What does the following SQL statement do?

Alter Table Customer_T
Add (Type Varchar (2));
A) Alters the Customer_T table to accept Type 2 Varchars

B) Alters the Customer_T table to be a Type 2 Varchar
C) Alters the Customer_T table, and adds a field called “Type”
D) Alters the Customer_T table by adding a 2-byte field called “Varchar”
Answer: C
13) What does the following SQL command do?
insert into Customer_T values (001,’John Smith’,’231 West St’,’Boston’,’MA’,’02115′);
A) Adds a new record to the Customer_T

B) Creates the Customer_T table
C) Deletes the Customer_T table
D) Updates the Customer_T table
Answer: A
Topic: Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data
AACSB: Analytic Skills
14) Given a table named store with 5 fields: store_id, address, city, state, zipcode, why would the
following insert command not work?
insert into store values (‘234 Park Street’)
A) It would work just fine.

B) You must specify the fields to insert if you are only inserting some of the fields.
C) There is no table keyword.
D) None of the above.
Answer: B
Delete from Customer_T
where state = ‘HI’;
A) Deletes all records from customer_t where the state is equal to HI

B) Removes the Customer_T table from the database
C) Deletes all records from the Customer_T table
D) None of the above
Answer: A
Subtopic: Deleting Database Contents

Update Product_T
Set Unit_Price = 775
Where Product_ID = 7
A) Changes the price of a unit called Product_T to 7

B) Changes the unit price of Product 7 to 775
C) Changes the length of the Unit_Price field to 775
D) Updates the Product_T table to have a unit price of 775
Answer: B
Subtopic: Updating Database Contents
17) Which of the following is a technique for optimizing the internal performance of the relational data
model?
A) Avoiding indexes on secondary keys

B) Clustering data
C) Not reporting statistics to save machine resources
D) Using random index organizations
Answer: B
Topic: Internal Schema Definitions in RDBMSs
18) Indexes are created in most RDBMSs to:
A) provide a quicker way to store data.

B) decrease the amount of disk space utilized.
C) provide rapid random and sequential access to base-table data.
D) increase the cost of implementation.
Answer: C
Subtopic: Creating Indexes
19) In an SQL statement, which of the following parts states the conditions for row selection?
A) Select
B) From
C) Where
D) Group By
Answer: C
Topic: Processing Single Tables
Subtopic: Clauses of the SELECT Statement
Select * From Customer Where Cust_Type = “Best”
A) Selects all the fields from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled “Best”
B) Selects the “*” field from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled “Best”
C) Selects fields with a “*” in them from the Customer table
D) Selects all the fields from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled “*”
Answer: A

21) What result will the following SQL statement produce?
Select Avg(standard_price) as average from Product_V;
A) The average of all products in Product_V

B) The average Standard_Price of all products in Product_V
C) The average price of all products
Answer: B
Subtopic: Using Expressions
22) Which of the following questions is answered by the SQL statement?
Select Count (Product_Description) from Product_T;
A) How many products are in the table Product_T?

B) How many products have product descriptions in the Product Table?
C) How many characters are in the field name “Product_Description”?
D) How many different columns named “Product_Description” are there in table Product_T?
Answer: B

Subtopic: Using Functions
23) What results will be produced by the following SQL query?
Select sum(standard_price) as Total_Price
from Product_V
where Product_Type = ‘WOOD’;
A) The total price of all products that are of type wood

B) The total price of all products
C) The Standard_Price of the first wood product in the table
D) The Standard_Price of any wood product in the table
Answer: A
24) Which of the following counts ONLY rows that contain a value?
A) Count
B) Count(*)
C) Tally(*)
D) Checknum
Answer: A

25) Which of the following will produce the minimum of all standard prices?
A) Select standard_price from Product_V where Standard_Price = min;

B) Select min(standard_price) from Product_V;
C) Select Standard_Price from min(Product_V);
D) Select min(Standard_Price) from Product_V where Standard_Price = min(Standard_Price);
Answer: B
26) What will result from the following SQL Select statement?
Select min(Product_Description)
from Product_V;
A) The minimum value of Product_Description will be displayed.

B) An error message will be generated.
C) The first product description alphabetically in Product_V will be shown.
D) None of the above.
Answer: C

27) Which of the following is the wildcard operator in SQL statements?
A) < >
B) *
C) =
D) &
Answer: B
Subtopic: Using Wildcards
28) What result set will the following query return?
Select Item_No
from Order_V
where quantity > 10;
A) The Item_No of all orders that had more than 10 items

B) The Order_Id of all orders that had more than one item
C) The Order_Id of all orders that had more than 10 items
D) The Item_No of all orders that had 10 or more items
Answer: A
Subtopic: Using Comparison Operators
29) What result set will the following query return?

Select Item_No, description
from item
where weight > 100 and weight < 200;
A) The Item_No and description for all items weighing less than 100
B) The Item_No for all items weighing between 101 and 199
C) The Item_No and description for all items weighing between 101 and 199
D) The Item_No for all items weighing more than 200
Answer: C
Subtopic: Using Ranges for Qualification
30) To eliminate duplicate rows in a query, the ________ qualifier is used in the SQL Select command.
A) alter
B) distinct
C) check
D) specific
Answer: B
Subtopic: Using Distinct Values
31) What result set is returned from the following query?

Select Customer_Name, telephone
from customers
where city in (‘Boston’,’New York’,’Denver’);
A) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers

B) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers living in either Boston, New York or Denver
C) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers living in Boston and New York and Denver
D) The Customer_Name of all customers living in Boston, New York or Denver
Answer: B
Subtopic: IN and NOT IN with Lists
32) To get all the customers from Hawaii sorted together, which of the following would be used?
A) Order By
B) Group By
C) Having
D) Sort
Answer: A
Subtopic: Sorting Results: The ORDER BY Clause
33) A single value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function is called a(n):
A) agate.
B) scalar aggregate.
C) vector aggregate.
D) summation.
Answer: B
Subtopic: Categorizing Results: The GROUP BY Clause
34) Multiple values returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function are called:
A) vector aggregates.
B) scalar aggregates.
C) agates.
D) summations.
Answer: A
35) Which of the following can produce scalar and vector aggregates?
A) Order By
B) Group By
C) Having
D) Sort
Answer: B

36) What will be returned when the following SQL statement is executed?
Select driver_no,count(*) as num_deliveries
from deliveries
group by driver_no;
A) A listing of all drivers, sorted by driver number

B) A listing of each driver as well as the number of deliveries that he or she has made
C) A count of all of the deliveries made by all drivers
Answer: B
37) What will be returned when the following SQL statement is executed?
Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries
from deliveries
where state = ‘MA’
group by driver_no;
A) A listing of all drivers who made deliveries to state = ‘MA’, sorted by driver number
B) A listing of each driver who made deliveries to state = ‘MA’ as well as the number of deliveries that
each driver has made to that state
C) A count of all of the deliveries made to state = ‘MA’ by all drivers
Answer: B
38) Which of the following finds all groups meeting stated conditions?
A) Select
B) Where
C) Having
D) Find
Answer: C
Subtopic: Qualifying Results by Categories: The HAVING Clause
39) What will be returned when the following SQL query is executed?
Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries
from deliveries
group by driver_no
having count(*) > 2;
A) A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries as well as a count of the number of deliveries
B) A listing of all drivers
C) A listing of the number of deliveries greater than 2
D) A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries
Answer: A
40) Which of the following is true of the order in which SQL statements are evaluated?
A) The SELECT clause is always processed first.

B) The SELECT clause is always processed last.
C) The SELECT clause is processed before the ORDER BY clause.
D) The GROUP BY clause is processed before the WHERE clause.
Answer: C
41) A ________ view is materialized when referenced.
A) virtual
B) dynamic
C) materialized
D) base
Answer: B
Topic: Using and Defining Views
42) A view may not be updated directly if it contains:
A) the DISTINCT keyword.

B) derived columns and expressions in the SELECT clause.
C) uses the GROUP BY or HAVING clause.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
43) SQL is both an American and international standard for database access.
Answer: TRUE
Topic: Introduction
44) SQL has been implemented only in the mainframe and midrange environments.
Answer: FALSE
Topic: Introduction
45) SQL originated from a project called System-S.
Answer: FALSE
Topic: History of the SQL Standard
46) One of the original purposes of the SQL standard was to provide a vehicle for portability of database
definition and application modules between conforming DBMSs.
Answer: TRUE
47) A major benefit of SQL as a standard is reduced training costs.
Answer: TRUE
48) Implementation of a standard can never stifle creativity and innovation.
Answer: FALSE
49) Applications can be moved from one machine to another when each machine uses SQL.
Answer: TRUE
50) A catalog is the structure that contains object descriptions created by a user.
Answer: FALSE
51) Some DBMS can handle graphic data types as well as text and numbers.
Answer: TRUE
52) DCL is used to update the database with new records.
Answer: FALSE
53) A database table is defined using the data definition language (DDL).
Answer: TRUE
54) A database is maintained and queried using the data mapping language (DML).
Answer: FALSE
55) The CREATE SCHEMA DDL command is used to create a table.
Answer: FALSE
56) When creating tables, it’s important to decide which columns will allow null values before the table
is created.
Answer: TRUE
57) When creating a table, it is not important to consider foreign key—primary key mates.
Answer: FALSE

58) A referential integrity constraint specifies that the existence of an attribute in one table depends
upon the existence of a foreign key in the same or another table.
Answer: FALSE
Subtopic: Creating Data Integrity Controls
59) The DELETE TABLE DDL command is used to remove a table from the database.
Answer: FALSE
Subtopic: Removing Tables
60) The ALTER TABLE command is used to change a table definition.
Answer: TRUE

61) The SQL command used to populate tables is the INSERT command.
Answer: TRUE
62) An insert command does not need to have the fields listed.
Answer: TRUE
63) The following command would work fine:
insert into budget values 121,222,111;
Answer: FALSE
64) The DROP command deletes rows from a table individually or in groups.
Answer: FALSE

Subtopic: Deleting Database Contents
65) In order to update data in SQL, one must inform the DBMS which relation, columns, and rows are
involved.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Updating Database Contents
66) Indexes generally slow down access speed in most RDMS.
Answer: FALSE
67) The WHERE clause includes the conditions for row selection within a single table or view and the
conditions between tables or views for joining.
Answer: TRUE

68) Expressions are mathematical manipulations of data in a table that may be included as part of the
SELECT statement.
Answer: TRUE
69) Count(*) tallies only those rows that contain a value, while Count counts all rows.
Answer: FALSE
70) The asterisk (*) wildcard designator can be used to select all fields from a table as well as in WHERE
clauses when an exact match is not possible.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Using Wildcards

71) The comparison operators = and != are used to establish a range of values.
Answer: FALSE
Subtopic: Using Comparison Operators
72) If multiple Boolean operators are used in an SQL statement, NOT is evaluated first, then AND, then
OR.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Using Boolean Operators
73) The following two SQL statements will produce the same results.
Select last_name, first_name
from customer
where credit_limit > 99 and credit_limit < 10001;
from customer
where credit_limit between 100 and 10000;
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Using Ranges for Qualification
74) Adding the DISTINCT keyword to a query eliminates duplicates.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Using Distinct Values
75) The following two SQL statements will produce different results.
from customer
where state = ‘MA’ or state = ‘NY’ or state = ‘NJ’ or state = ‘NH’ or state = ‘CT’;
from customer
where state in (‘MA’,’NY’,’NJ’,’NH’,’CT’);
Answer: FALSE

Subtopic: Using IN and NOT IN with Lists
76) The ORDER BY clause sorts the final results rows in ascending or descending order.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Sorting Results: The ORDER BY Clause
77) A single value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function is called a vector
aggregate.
Answer: FALSE
78) When a GROUP BY clause is included in an SQL statement, only those columns with a single value for
each group can be included.
Answer: TRUE

79) The HAVING clause and the WHERE clause perform the same operation.
Answer: FALSE
80) The following query totals sales for each salesperson.
Select salesperson_id, sum(sales)
from salesperson
group by salesperson_id;
Answer: TRUE
81) The following query totals sales in state= ‘MA’ for each salesperson.
Select salesperson_id, sum(sales)

from salesperson
group by salesperson_id
having state = ‘MA’;
Answer: FALSE
82) The ORDER BY clause is the first statement processed in an SQL command.
Answer: FALSE
83) The WHERE clause is always processed before the GROUP BY clause when both occur in a SELECT
statement.
Answer: TRUE
84) The FROM clause is the first statement processed in an SQL command.
Answer: TRUE

85) The content of dynamic views is generated when they are referenced.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Using and Defining Views
86) Materialized views are stored on disk and are never refreshed.
Answer: FALSE
87) The views are created by executing a CREATE VIEW SQL command.
Answer: TRUE

88) When the SELECT clause in the create view statement contains the keyword DISTINCT, the view can
be used to update data.
Answer: FALSE
89) What were the original purposes of SQL, and does SQL as we know it today live up to those
standards?
Answer: The following were the original purposes of SQL:
To specify the syntax and semantics of SQL data definition and manipulation languages
To define the data structures and basic operations for designing, accessing, maintaining, controlling, and
protecting an SQL database
To provide a vehicle for portability of database definition and application modules between conforming
DBMSs
To specify both minimal (Level 1) and complete (Level 2) standards, which permit different degrees of
adoption in products
To provide an initial standard, although incomplete, that will be enhanced later to include specifications
for handling such topics as referential integrity, transaction management, user-defined functions, join
operators beyond the equi-join, and national character sets
While SQL as we know it today does have some variants, there is a basic standard which is adhered to.
As mentioned in the text, it seems that industry lags behind the standards somewhat. Each vendor has
its own set of proprietary features which differ from the standard.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
90) What are some of the advantages and disadvantages to an SQL standard?
Answer: Some of the advantages are: reduced training costs, increased productivity, application
portability, application longevity, reduced dependence on a single vendor and cross-system
communication. Some disadvantages include: stifling creativity, difficulty in changing standard, and loss
of application portability when adding additional proprietary features.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
91) Explain the three classes of SQL commands and when they would be used.
Answer: There are three classes or types of SQL commands. Data definition language commands are
used to create tables, alter and drop tables, views and indexes. These commands are used to build the
structure of the database as well as some additional objects. The next type is Data Manipulation
Language commands, which are used to maintain and query a database. Commands in this class include
select, update, delete and insert. The last type is the data control language commands, which are used
to grant and revoke privileges on tables and other objects in the database.
AACSB: Analytic Skills, Reflective Thinking
92) What steps should be followed when preparing to create a table?
Answer: When preparing to create a table, one should:
Identify the appropriate data type and length for each attribute
Identify the columns that should accept null values
Identify that columns that need to be unique
Identify all primary-foreign key mates
Determine default values
Identify any columns for which domain constraints, such as check, need to be stated
Create the table and any indexes using create table and create index statements

93) What three clauses are contained in most SQL retrieval statements?
Answer: The SELECT clause, which lists the columns and calculated expression from base tables. The
FROM clause, which identifies tables and views which we want to gather data from in the query. Finally,
the WHERE clause, which is used to specify conditions for selection of rows in the result set.
94) What are some of the standard SQL functions that can be used in the SELECT clause?
Answer: The standard functions can be broken down into 4 categories: Mathematical, String, Date and
Analytical. Mathematical functions include: Min, Max, Count, Sum, Round, Trunc and Mod. String
functions include lower, upper, initcap, concat, substr and coalesce. Date functions are used for
converting dates and calculating dates and include next_day, add_months and months_between. Top
(to find the top n values) is one of the analytical functions.
95) Discuss when to use the GROUP BY clause.
Answer: The GROUP BY clause is useful when you have a set of values for one column (such as a
salesperson ID) and you would like to then calculate something like total sales for each salesperson.
Rather than having to use the sum function with one salesperson’s ID in the WHERE clause (and run
multiple queries) you can use the GROUP BY to get the same results in one query.

96) How is the HAVING clause different from the WHERE clause?
Answer: While the WHERE clause works on each row in a query resultset, the HAVING clause works on
the aggregate (or combined) rows in a GROUP BY. WHERE does not allow aggregates while the HAVING
does allow aggregates. For example, if you had the following query:
select customer_id, sum(purchase_price*quantity)
from customer
where sum(purchase_price*quantity) > 100
this would not work. However, with a GROUP BY and HAVING written as follows we would get back all
customers whose total purchases were greater than $100
select customer_id, sum(purchase_price*quantity)
from customer
group by customer_id
having sum(purchase_price*quantity) > 100
97) Discuss the pros and cons of using dynamic views.

Answer: A dynamic view is useful, since it provides a way to access part of a table or a combination of
columns from multiple tables. A view can simplify query commands, since much of the complicated
syntax of a query can be done to create the view. A view can also improve programmer productivity,
since programmers can access views rather than have to rewrite the SQL commands for a query.
Security is increased, since users can only see what the view presents. Also, views use little or no storage
space. On the downside, views use processing time each time that the view is recreated for reference.
Also, the views may or may not be recreatable.
98) What is a materialized view, and when would it be used?
Answer: Materialized views are just like dynamic views, except that an actual copy of the data is kept.
With a dynamic view, the SQL is stored on the server and executed when the view is referenced. A
materialized view, on the other hand, keeps a copy of the actual data. This increases performance and is
particularly useful if the data are relatively static and the number of queries against the view are high.
Subtopic: Materialized Views

Modern Database Management Test Bank Chapter 7

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Modern Database Management Test Bank Chapter 7

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Modern Database Management Test Bank Chapter 7

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

What are the main components of a SQL statement?

What are the main components of a SQL statement?

Discuss the differences between the WHERE and HAVING clauses.

Discuss the differences between the WHERE and HAVING clauses.

Chapter 6 Introduction to SQL

1) Which of the following is a purpose of the SQL standard?

A) To specify syntax and semantics of SQL data definition and manipulation

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 245

Topic: Origins of the SQL Standard

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

2) The benefits of a standardized relational language include:

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 245-246

Topic: Origins of the SQL Standard

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 247

Topic: The SQL Environment

4) ________ is a set of commands used to control a database, which includes security.

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 248

Topic: The SQL Environment

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

5) ________ is a set of commands used to update and query a database.

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 248

Topic: The SQL Environment

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

6) DDL is typically used during which phases of the development process?

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 251

Topic: The SQL Environment

7) The command for creating a database is:

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 251

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 252

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

Subtopic: Generating SQL Database Definitions

9) Any create command may be reversed by using a ________ command.

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Analytic Skills, Use of Information Technology

Subtopic: Generating SQL Database Definitions

A) identify columns that must be unique.

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 252, 253

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Analytic Skills, Use of Information Technology

Subtopic: Creating Tables

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 256

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Analytic Skills, Use of Information Technology

Subtopic: Changing Table Definitions

12) What does the following SQL statement do?

Add (Type Varchar (2));

A) Alters the Customer_T table to accept Type 2 Varchars

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 256

Topic: Defining a Database in SQL

AACSB: Use of Information Technology

Subtopic: Changing Table Definitions

13) What does the following SQL command do?

insert into Customer_T values (001,’John Smith’,’231 West St’,’Boston’,’MA’,’02115′);

A) Adds a new record to the Customer_T

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 257

Topic: Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data