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    String Notes

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    Bhagya Patil
    Strings in Java are objects of the String class that represent sequences of characters. Unlike in C/C++ where strings are arrays of characters, Java strings are immutable and operations that appear to modify strings actually create new String objects. The StringBuffer class can be used when mutability is required to avoid overhead of immutable String objects. The String class provides many methods for manipulating and accessing strings like trim(), charAt(), length(), replace(), etc.

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    String Notes

    Uploaded by

    Bhagya Patil
    54 views3 pages
    Strings in Java are objects of the String class that represent sequences of characters. Unlike in C/C++ where strings are arrays of characters, Java strings are immutable and operations that appear to modify strings actually create new String objects. The StringBuffer class can be used when mutability is required to avoid overhead of immutable String objects. The String class provides many methods for manipulating and accessing strings like trim(), charAt(), length(), replace(), etc.

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    String notes

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    Strings in Java are objects of the String class that represent sequences of characters. Unlike in C/C++ where strings are arrays of characters, Java strings are immutable and operations that appear to modify strings actually create new String objects. The StringBuffer class can be used when mutability is required to avoid overhead of immutable String objects. The String class provides many methods for manipulating and accessing strings like trim(), charAt(), length(), replace(), etc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    54 views3 pages

    String Notes

    Uploaded by

    Bhagya Patil
    Strings in Java are objects of the String class that represent sequences of characters. Unlike in C/C++ where strings are arrays of characters, Java strings are immutable and operations that appear to modify strings actually create new String objects. The StringBuffer class can be used when mutability is required to avoid overhead of immutable String objects. The String class provides many methods for manipulating and accessing strings like trim(), charAt(), length(), replace(), etc.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Strings in Java

    A sequence of character data enclosed in double quotes is called a string. Strings of Java
    work differently from that of C and C + +. In C, string is an array of characters with a
    terminating \0. But in Java, string is an object of String class.
    That is manipulation of strings is quite different from C and in Java, it is very easy due the
    rich methods of String class. For example, we can concatenate strings with + operator. 
    Java platform provides two string classes to manipulate strings String, for constant strings
    and StringBuffer, for strings that can change. 

    Strings are immutable. That is, strings once created cannot be changed at the same memory
    location. Whenever a new value is assigned to a string, a new memory location is created and
    the new value is stored in it and the old location (with old value) is garbage collected. 
    It is definitely a overhead to the operating system. But this is made to increase the
    performance and for the same reason String class is declared as final. 

    The following the class signature of String class defined in java.lang package:


    public final class String extends Object implements Serializable, Comparable 
    To overcome the OS overhead (due to immutable nature of strings), we can use StringBuffer
    class.

    Methods

    The java.lang.String class provides a lot of methods to work on string. By the help of these
    methods, we can perform operations on string such as trimming, concatenating, converting,
    comparing, replacing strings etc.

    Java String is a powerful concept because everything is treated as a string if you submit
    any form in window based, web based or mobile application.

    Let's see the important methods of String class.

    1. Java String toUpperCase() and toLowerCase() method

    The java string toUpperCase() method converts this string into uppercase letter and string
    toLowerCase() method into lowercase letter.

    String s="Sachin";  
    System.out.println(s.toUpperCase());//SACHIN  
    System.out.println(s.toLowerCase());//sachin  
    System.out.println(s);//Sachin(no change in original)  
    2. Java String trim() method
    The string trim() method eliminates white spaces before and after string
    String s="  Sachin  ";  
    System.out.println(s);//  Sachin    
    System.out.println(s.trim());//Sachin  

    3. charAt() method
    The string charAt() method returns a character at specified index
    String s="Sachin";  
    System.out.println(s.charAt(0));//S  
    System.out.println(s.charAt(3));//h  
    4. length() method
    The string length() method returns length of the string.
    String s="Sachin";  
    System.out.println(s.length());//6  
    5. valueOf () method
    int a=10;  
    String s=String.valueOf(a);  
    System.out.println(s+10);  
    6. replace() method
    String s1="Java is a programming language. Java is a platform. Java is an Island.";    
    String replaceString=s1.replace("Java","Kava");//replaces all occurrences of "Java" to "K
    ava"    
    System.out.println(replaceString);    

    StringBuffer class

    Java StringBuffer class is used to create mutable (modifiable) string. The StringBuffer class
    in java is same as String class except it is mutable i.e. it can be changed.

    Constructor
    StringBuffer()
    StringBuffer(String str)
    StringBuffer(int variable)

    Methods
    There are various methods but only few have been mentioned below.
    1. append(String s) - is used to append the specified string with this string.
    2. insert(int offset, String s)- is used to insert the specified string with this string at
    the specified position
    3. replace(int startIndex, int endIndex, String str)- is used to replace the string
    from specified startIndex and endIndex
    4. delete(int startIndex, int endIndex)- is used to delete the string from specified
    startIndex and endIndex.
    5. reverse()- is used to reverse the string.
    6. charAt(int index)- is used to return the character at the specified position.
    7. length()- is used to return the length of the string 
    Write a Java program to get string and count number of words in provided string
    import java.util.Scanner;

    public class CountWordsInString {

    static int countWords(String inputString){


    String[] strarray = inputString.split(" ");
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    int count=0;
    for(String s:strarray){
    if(!s.equals("")){
    count++;
    }
    }
    return count;

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