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Properties of Negative Binomial Distribution

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Presentation

Submitted to:
Miss Aurooj Butt
Submitted by:
Zoonash Fatima
BSEF17M509 (SE-Morning)
Topic:
Properties of Negative
Binomial Distribution
Properties of Negative Binomial
Distribution:
There are mainly two properties of the Negative Binomial Distribution i.e., as
follows:
1. The mean of the negative binomial distribution is always less than its
variance.
Now what is the mean?
Mean is the average value of the data set i.e., mean is equal to the expected
value
Mean = E(X)
The expected value (or mean) of X, where X is a discrete random variable, is a
weighted average of the possible values that X can take, each value being
weighted according to the probability of that event occurring. The expected
value of X is usually written as E(X) or m.

E(X) = S x P(X = x)

So the expected value is the sum of: [(each of the possible outcomes) × (the
probability of the outcome occurring)].
Now what is variance?
The variance of a random variable tells us something about the spread of the
possible values of the variable. For a discrete random variable X, the variance
of X is written as Var(X).

Var(X) = E[ (X – m)2 ] where m is the expected value E(X)

This can also be written as:


Var(X) = E(X2) – m2
So after taking bird’s eye view of variance and mean , we will find the mean
and variance by deriving the moment generating function (m.g.f) of the
Negative Binomial Distribution.
The m.g.f about origin is:
Mo(t) = E(e^tX)
= p^k (1-qe^t)^-k

Now Mean will be:


Mean= E(X)
= kq/p
And Variance is :

= kq/p^2
Now comparing the both values:
kq/p^2 > kq/p
1/p^2 > 1/p
1 > p
Tells that mean is always less than variance.
2. The Negative Binomial Distribution is always positive skewed.
Now firstly what is Skewed Distribution?

The Skewed Distribution is mainly of two types i.e.


Negatively-skewed distribution has a long tail in the negative direction on the
number line. The mean is also to the left of the peak.
Positive-skew distribution has a long tail in the positive direction on the
number line. The mean is also to the right of the peak.

So from Negative Binomial Distribution the graph obtained is always Positive


Skewed.

Difference Between Negative Binomial and


Binomial Distribution:
 Mean:
The Mean formula in Binomial Distribution is :
Mean = kp
While in Negative Binomial Distribution is :
Mean = kq/p

 Variance:
The Variance Formula in Binomial Distribution is :
o~ = kpq
While in Negative Binomial Distribution is :
o~ = kq/p^2

where,
k = Number of Trials
p = Number of success
q = Number of Failure

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