Factors of Production PDF
Factors of Production PDF
Factors of Production PDF
1. Land- It refers to all natural resources. All natural resources either on the surface of the earth
or below the surface of the earth or above the surface of the earth is Land.
One uses the land to produces goods. It is the primary and natural factor of production. All gifts
of nature such as rivers, oceans, land, climate, mountains, mines, forests etc. are land.
It is immobile.
Types of Land
Residential
Commercial
Recreation
Cultivation
Extraction
Uninhabitable
Labor
All human effort that assists in production is labour. This effort can be mental or physical. It is a
human factor of production. It is the worker who applies their efforts, abilities, and skills to
produce.
Characteristic
It is a human factor.
Types of Labor
Unskilled
Semi-skilled
Skilled
Professional
Capital
Capital refers to all manmade resources used in the production process. It is a produced factor
of production. It includes factories, machinery, tools, equipment, raw materials, wealth etc.
Characteristics
It is mobile.
Types of Capital
Fixed
Working
Venture
Entrepreneur
An entrepreneur is a person who brings other factors of production in one place. He uses them
for the production process. He is the person who decides
What to produce
Where to produce
How to produce
A person who takes these decisions along with the associated risk is an entrepreneur.
The payment for land is profit.
Characteristics
He has imagination.