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Python Packages PDF

This document discusses Python packages and modules. It explains that a package is a directory containing an __init__.py file that allows it to contain modules. Packages can also contain subpackages. Modules within packages are organized hierarchically. Examples demonstrate importing functions from modules within different packages and subpackages. The main advantages of packages are resolving naming conflicts, uniquely identifying components, and improving application modularity.

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Rajendra Buchade
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
711 views

Python Packages PDF

This document discusses Python packages and modules. It explains that a package is a directory containing an __init__.py file that allows it to contain modules. Packages can also contain subpackages. Modules within packages are organized hierarchically. Examples demonstrate importing functions from modules within different packages and subpackages. The main advantages of packages are resolving naming conflicts, uniquely identifying components, and improving application modularity.

Uploaded by

Rajendra Buchade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learn

Complete
Python
In
Simple Way

1 https://www.youtube.com/durgasoftware
PACKAGES
STUDY MATERIAL

2 https://www.youtube.com/durgasoftware
֍ It is an encapsulation mechanism to group related modules into a single unit.
֍ package is nothing but folder or directory which represents collection of Python
modules.
֍ Any folder or directory contains __init__.py file,is considered as a Python package.This
file can be empty.
֍ A package can contains sub packages also.

__init__.py

File 1

File 1 File 1
__init__.py __init__.py

x.py y.py m.py n.py

Home Loan Vehicle Loan

Loan

__init__.py

File 1

File 1 File 1

__init__.py __init__.py

Module 1 Module 1 Module 1 Module 1

Home Loan Vehicle Loan

Loan
The main advantages of package statement are
1) We can resolve naming conflicts
2) We can identify our components uniquely

3 https://www.youtube.com/durgasoftware
3) It improves modularity of the application
Eg 1:
D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-pack1
|-module1.py
|-__init__.py

__init__.py:
empty file

module1.py:
def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in pack1")

test.py (version-1):
import pack1.module1
pack1.module1.f1()

test.py (version-2):
from pack1.module1 import f1
f1()

Eg 2:
D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-com
|-module1.py
|-__init__.py
|-durgasoft
|-module2.py
|-__init__.py

__init__.py:
empty file

module1.py:
def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in com")

module2.py:
def f2():
print("Hello this is from module2 present in com.durgasoft")

4 https://www.youtube.com/durgasoftware
test.py

1) from com.module1 import f1


2) from com.durgasoft.module2 import f2
3) f1()
4) f2()

Output
D:\Python_classes>py test.py
Hello this is from module1 present in com
Hello this is from module2 present in com.durgasoft

Note: Summary diagram of library, packages, modules which contains functions, classes
and variables.

Library

pack 1 pack 2 --------------- pack n

module 1 module 2 module n module 1 module 2 module n

function 1 function 2 function n variables classes

5 https://www.youtube.com/durgasoftware

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