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    01.02 - Organizing Knowledge and Information

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    Daphne Dunne
    This document discusses how experts organize medical knowledge differently than novices. Novices may organize knowledge based on how it was taught in medical school, such as by organ system or disease mechanism. However, experts reorganize knowledge with a focus on comparing and contrasting diseases based on clinical signs and symptoms. This type of compare and contrast thinking allows experts to differentiate between multiple diseases that can cause the same syndrome or presentation. Knowledge organization is as important as knowledge acquisition for effective clinical problem solving.

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    01.02 - Organizing Knowledge and Information

    Uploaded by

    Daphne Dunne
    27 views12 pages
    This document discusses how experts organize medical knowledge differently than novices. Novices may organize knowledge based on how it was taught in medical school, such as by organ system or disease mechanism. However, experts reorganize knowledge with a focus on comparing and contrasting diseases based on clinical signs and symptoms. This type of compare and contrast thinking allows experts to differentiate between multiple diseases that can cause the same syndrome or presentation. Knowledge organization is as important as knowledge acquisition for effective clinical problem solving.

    Original Description:

    Developing Clinical Skills. Part 1

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    This document discusses how experts organize medical knowledge differently than novices. Novices may organize knowledge based on how it was taught in medical school, such as by organ system or disease mechanism. However, experts reorganize knowledge with a focus on comparing and contrasting diseases based on clinical signs and symptoms. This type of compare and contrast thinking allows experts to differentiate between multiple diseases that can cause the same syndrome or presentation. Knowledge organization is as important as knowledge acquisition for effective clinical problem solving.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views12 pages

    01.02 - Organizing Knowledge and Information

    Uploaded by

    Daphne Dunne
    This document discusses how experts organize medical knowledge differently than novices. Novices may organize knowledge based on how it was taught in medical school, such as by organ system or disease mechanism. However, experts reorganize knowledge with a focus on comparing and contrasting diseases based on clinical signs and symptoms. This type of compare and contrast thinking allows experts to differentiate between multiple diseases that can cause the same syndrome or presentation. Knowledge organization is as important as knowledge acquisition for effective clinical problem solving.

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    Organizing Knowledge and

    Information
    Understanding disease

    Normal  Func,oning  
    Abnormal  Func,oning  
    How  things  
    normally  work   How  things   Syndromes  
    can  go  awry   Diseases  
    Collec,ons  of  
    clinical  signs   Precise  
    and  symptoms   diseases  and  
    that  result   their  
    treatment  and  
    prognosis.  
    How novices store infor mation
    Myocardi,s  
    Cholangi)s  

    TTP   Lupus  

    AIDS  

    Vasculi,s  
    Filing system organization
    o  Depends  on  how  it  was  taught  
    •  Mechanisms    
    -­‐  (immunology,  neoplas,c,  metabolism)  
    •  Organs/Systems    
    -­‐  (cardio,  pulmonary,  renal)  
    •  Disciplines  
    -­‐  Pathophysiology,  Pharmacology,  Biochemistry  
    Problem: Utilization in the Clinical Arena

    o  Pa,ents  don’t  (generally)  come  in  with  


    complaints  in  categories  
    o  “Why  do  I  have  this  funny  rash?”    
                                                         -­‐-­‐-­‐rather  than-­‐-­‐-­‐  
    o  Do  I  have  leukocytoclas9c  vasculi9s?  
    Key: Knowledge Organization

    The development of sophisticated


    problem solving skills involves not only
    an increase in the number of facts but a
    change in the way those facts are
    stored and used. –Georges Bordage, MD, PhD
    Exper ts reorganize their knowledge
    1  

    2  

    3  

    4  

    5  

    6  

    Signs  and  Symptoms   Syndromes   Disease  


    Exper ts reorganize their knowledge
    1  

    2  

    4  

    5  

    6  

    Signs  and  Symptoms   Syndromes   Disease  


    Multiple diseases cause the same syndrome

    Streptococcal    
    Pharyngi,s  

    Acute   Infec,ous  
    Retroviral  
    Infec,on   Mononucleosis  

    Syndrome  
    Compare and Contrast Thinking

    Streptococcal    
    Pharyngi,s  

    Acute   Infec,ous   Differen)a)ng    


    Retroviral   Feature:  
    Infec,on   Mononucleosis  
    Present  in  2/3  similar  
    diseases  

    Syndrome  
    Compare and Contrast Thinking (CCT)

    Streptococcal    
    Pharyngi,s  

    Key  Feature:  
    A  feature  present  
    Acute   Infec,ous   Differen)a)ng    
    In  only  one  of  these   Retroviral   Feature:  
    condi,ons   Infec,on   Mononucleosis  
    Present  in  2/3  similar  
    diseases  

    Syndrome  
    Quiz 2
    When  thinking  clinical  problem  solving,  all  of  the  
    following  are  true  EXCEPT  
    1.  Knowledge  organiza,on  is  as  important  as  knowledge  
    acquisi,on  
    2.  Experts  organize  knowledge  the  way  they  were  
    trained  to  in  medical  school.    
    3.  In  general,  many  diseases  can  present  with  the  same  
    syndrome  (collec,on  of  signs  and  symptoms)  
     

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