2019 RAC Candidate Guide Devices V2
2019 RAC Candidate Guide Devices V2
2019 RAC Candidate Guide Devices V2
Regulatory Affairs
Certification
(Devices)
C A N D I D AT E G U I D E
RAPS.org/RAC
RAPS.org/RAC
CONTENTS
Welcome.........................................................................................................................................3
Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
Value of the RAC......................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
About Certification.................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
Examination Scheduling......................................................................................................... 10
Scheduling Your Examination.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Testing ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
International Testing........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Changing Your Examination Appointment After it Has Been Scheduled...................................................................................................... 10
Emergency Situations......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Failure to Schedule an Examination or Appear for Your Examination Appointment............................................................................... 11
Special Accommodations for the Examination......................................................................................................................................................... 11
On Examination Day................................................................................................................ 12
What to Bring to the Testing Center............................................................................................................................................................................ 12
Items Prohibited at the Testing Center....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Other Considerations......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Cancellation Due to Inclement Weather.................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Examination Security and Confidentiality................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Termination of Examination Administration/Dismissal From the Testing Center..................................................................................... 13
Problems at the Testing Center...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Recertify...................................................................................................................................... 15
Maintaining Your RAC Credential................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
WELCOME
Introduction
Congratulations on your decision to pursue Regulatory Affairs Certification (RAC). We commend
your commitment to your career and the regulatory profession.
Regulatory Affairs Certification (RAC), is the only post-academic professional credential for reg-
ulatory professionals in the healthcare product sector. It is intended for individuals employed in
regulatory agencies, industry, consultancies and other settings involved with the regulation of
healthcare products. The RAC is a professional credential that denotes commitment to excellence,
pursuit of knowledge and career advancement. Success on the RAC examinations requires knowl-
edge of the appropriate regulations and the ability to think critically about the regulatory issues and
challenges that occur throughout the healthcare product lifecycle.
In RAPS’ 2018 Scope of Practice & Compensation survey for the Regulatory
Profession, RAC holders in North America reported earning an average of
18% more than their counterparts who do not hold the credential.*
*Based on data from the 2018 RAPS Scope of Practice & Compensation Survey of the Regulatory Profession
About Certification
The primary purpose of any professional certification program is to provide an independent
assessment of the knowledge, skills and/or competencies required for competent performance of
a professional role. This assessment is typically accomplished by the successful completion of an
examination.1
1
efining Features of Quality Certification and Assessment-Based Certificate Programs. (2010) The Institute for
D
Credentialing Excellence.
RAC (Devices)
• Knowledge of the full product development and lifecycle requirements for medical
devices, and IVDs.
Knowledge required • Knowledge of US FDA requirements (30%); European regulations and guidances from
and regulatory basis the European Commission and competent authorities (30%); and globally applicable
regulatory practices* (40%). (*IMDRF, WHO and ISO guidelines and standards).
• Critical thinking and analytical skills.
Review the examination content outline (see p. 16). The examination content outline contains the
content domains, competency statements and number of questions in each domain. Examination
questions are based on guidelines and regulations effective 31 December of the prior year.
Assess the scope and depth of your knowledge and experience. Use the test content outline as a
checklist and evaluate your areas of strength and weakness. This will help focus your study on the
areas you need most.
Build and implement your plan. Allow sufficient time to build your knowledge base in areas where
you have limited experience and to expand your knowledge in areas more familiar to you. Use refer-
ence materials to supplement your knowledge.
Question Types
The examinations consist of 100 multiple-choice questions, answered in a two-hour time limit.
There are three question formats which may be used in the RAC Exams.
Recall questions ask for specific Application questions require Analysis questions may be
information, typically about relating specific knowledge to described as a small case or
regulations and guidance that a situation that may be encoun- example requiring the can-
are important aspects of the tered in the scope of practice of didate to read and assemble
regulatory process. These ques- a regulatory professional. information in order to identify
tions may relate to any stage of and evaluate various solutions.
product development and may
relate to regulations specific for
product types.
Computer-Based Testing
The RAC examinations are computer-based and administered only at testing centers selected and
confirmed by the testing vendor. RAC examinations will not be stored or accessible through the inter-
net and will not be offered at facilities that are not pre-selected and qualified for security measures.
Your Journey
Check the RAPS website at RAPS.org/rac/prepare for additional resources that may be helpful to
you. Some resources are free of charge and others are available for purchase. Resources are not
required to be RAPS produced.
Applications and payment must be received by 11:59 pm (US Eastern Time) on the application dead-
line dates listed above. Applications received after the deadline will not be processed.
Examination Fees
2019 Prices
The RAPS member rate applies only if you are a member at the time you submit your application. If
you apply for RAPS membership prior to submitting an RAC application, please be sure you receive
confirmation of your RAPS membership before you submit your RAC application. If you apply for
RAPS membership after you submit an RAC application, RAPS will not refund the difference.
Eligibility Requirements
To be eligible for the RAC examination you need to meet one of the following educational and pro-
fessional experience requirement combinations:
Baccalaureate or
Master’s degree and a Doctorate degree and
equivalent first university
minimum of two years a minimum of one year
degree and a minimum of
of regulatory or reg- of regulatory or reg-
three years of regulatory
ulatory-related work ulatory-related work
or regulatory-related
experience* experience*
work experience*
*Regulatory-related experience may include quality assurance, quality control, clinical research related to the approval of health
products or health product project management.
Provide a valid e-mail address that will be maintained throughout your RAC application period. If
you choose to provide a work e-mail address, please keep in mind that any change in your employ-
ment during your application may mean you no longer have access to that e-mail account. email
address. All communications about your RAC examination, including information about scheduling
your examination and examination results, are electronic. Please contact the RAC program office
at certification@raps.org if there is any change in your email address after you have submitted your
application.
Complete the RAC examination application fully. As part of the application process, you must attest
to the following:
• I have read, understood and agree to comply with all policies outlined in the RAC Candidate
Guide.
• The information in my RAPS account is complete and accurate.
• I meet all eligibility requirements for the RAC exam, and I authorize RAPS to make any
inquiries deemed necessary to verify my credentials. I understand that false information
may be cause for denial of this application or loss of the RAC credential.
• I allow RAPS to use information from my application and from the examination for the pur-
pose of aggregate statistical analysis, provided that any personal information or identifiers
are removed.
• I understand and agree to the policies related to withdrawing from the examination, pre-
sented in the Candidate Guide.
• I acknowledge that I have read and understand the tenets outlined in the RAPS Code of
Ethics
Please see Appendix D for the Code of Ethics for Regulatory Professionals.
Incomplete applications will delay processing and may cause your application to be rejected if not
completed by the application deadline.
Submitting Payment
The correct payment must accompany your application. You may submit your application and pay-
ment in the following ways:
Application Audit
RAPS may audit a percentage of applications for completeness and accuracy. If your application is
selected for audit, you will receive email notification of the audit, what types of documentation must
be submitted and the deadline for submission of requested documentation. If you do not comply
with the terms of the audit by the stated deadline, you will not be allowed to take the test and your
examination fee will be refunded minus a $100 processing fee.
Incomplete Applications
If your application is incomplete, you will be notified by the RAC program office, and the application
deficiencies must be corrected by the application deadline. Failure to submit required information
prior to the deadline will lead to rejection of your application and you will be issued a refund of the
examination fee, minus a $100 processing fee.
Application Rejection
Applications for RAC examinations will be rejected for failure to meet eligibility requirements or
falsification of application information. Rejected applicants will be refunded the examination fee,
minus a $100 processing fee.
Appeals Process
Candidates have the right to appeal any adverse decision made by the RAC program office. An
appeal must be submitted in writing not more than 30 days following the date of notification of the
adverse decision. Appeals should be sent to the RAC program office at certification@raps.org or via
US mail to RAPS headquarters. All appeals will be addressed by the RACB. Decisions about appeals
made by the RACB will be final.
Nondiscrimination Policy
The RAC program does not discriminate among candidates on the basis of age, gender, race, religion,
national origin, disability, sexual orientation or marital status.
EXAMINATION SCHEDULING
Scheduling Your Examination
You will schedule your examination online directly with RAPS’ contracted testing vendor, Scantron.
You will receive a “Notice to Schedule” email from Scantron approximately 15 days prior to the start
of the testing cycle with instructions about how to schedule your examination. Please be sure that
your email address can accept emails from testing@castleworldwide.com. This email will contain a
website link, unique login ID and password. You will use this site to schedule a testing center loca-
tion, test date and time.
Testing
To schedule your examination at a testing center, log into the Scantron scheduling site, you will be
shown the available dates and times at your selected testing center and you will select your pre-
ferred testing date and time. Once you submit your selection you will receive a confirmation e-mail.
You should schedule your examination as soon as possible for the best chance of receiving your
preferred testing date and location. You must submit your test scheduling request at least four days
prior to your preferred testing date. All examinations must be scheduled four days prior to the close
of the testing cycle. Once you have scheduled your examination, you will receive a confirmation
email from Scantron. You must bring a copy of the confirmation email with you to the testing center
on test day.
Scantron reserves the right to cancel any testing site. In the event of a cancelled site, you will be
notified by Scantron and instructed about how to reschedule your testing location and appointment
without additional fees.
International Testing
Applicants looking to schedule an examination outside of the US or Canada should follow the the
instructions to schedule through the Scantron scheduling site. However, should international
sites/dates be unavailable at your preferred international location, you may click on the “More
International Sites” button to see a full list of sites in our network. Consider locations that you may
be traveling to for business or pleasure if you cannot find a location near your home or office. You
may then submit three (3) preferred international site/date options. Scantron cannot guarantee
availability of any international site/date during the designated testing period. Within five (5) busi-
ness days, Scantron will issue a confirmation notice for one of the preferred sites/dates. If none of
the preferred site/dates are available, Scantron will offer an alternate site/date for your approval.
Upon approval, Scantron will issue a confirmation notice.
Emergency Situations
Under certain circumstances, as outlined below, the RAC program may, at its discretion, transfer an
applicant’s test to the next testing window and waive the transfer fee.
If an applicant cannot take the RAC exam for one of the following reasons:
• A documented, personal medical emergency
• A death in your immediate family
• Unexpected military deployment
The applicant may request to transfer to the next testing cycle. In such circumstances the applicant
must contact the RAC program office no more than five days after the scheduled examination date
(if a date has already been scheduled through the testing vendor).
A personal medical emergency means that the candidate has experienced a medical issue. Transfer
requests are not applicable for medical issues affecting family members. To apply for a transfer
waiver the appropriate documentation must be submitted to the RAC program office no later than
30 days of your scheduled examination date. Candidates will not be eligible for a refund following a
transfer. Work-related emergencies do not qualify for this exception.
If you fail to schedule or appear, you may reapply to take an RAC examination in the future and will
be required to pay full application fees.
ON EXAMINATION DAY
What to Bring to the Testing Center
You should arrive at the testing center at least 15 minutes before your scheduled appointment for
check in. You must bring a copy of the examination appointment confirmation email with you.
To be admitted to the testing center you must bring current, valid government-issued identification
(ID). Your identification must include your name (in English characters or translation to compare
with your RAC application information), photograph and signature.
You are required to present a valid, government-issued photo ID (e.g., driver’s license, passport,
state-issued ID card) on exam day; please ensure that your first and last name on the valid, govern-
ment-issued photo ID EXACTLY match your first and last name as they appear on the scheduling
screens. If your first and last names are incorrect, please contact RAPS immediately at (301) 770-
2920, ext. 200. If you have more than one last name listed on your government-issued ID, the same
last names must be reflected on your confirmation email. If you do not provide appropriate and/or
matching identification, you will not be permitted to take the examination and will forfeit all exam-
ination fees.
Please note that Scantron testing centers administer examinations for multiple organizations.
Individuals in the testing room with you may be taking different examinations and have different
rules for their examination including time and what is allowed at their testing station.
Other Considerations
• Smoking is prohibited.
• You may not ask questions about examination content.
• All examinations are monitored and may be recorded in both audio and video format.
• No breaks are scheduled during the examination. If you need to leave the testing room to
take a break, you will not be given extra time to finish the examination. You may be required
to present your ID when returning to the testing room.
All scores are reported on a scale of 0 to 99 with 75 being the passing score. The scaled score
is neither the number of questions answered correctly nor the percent of questions answered
incorrectly. You cannot look at the scaled score and determine the number of correctly answered
questions needed to pass the examination.
RAC Recognition
A list of all active RAC-credentialed professionals is available online at RAPS.org/RAC. Newly cre-
dentialed professionals are added after all candidates are notified of their status. If you do not wish
to be included in the online listing, please contact the RAC program office.
Release of Information
The RAC program maintains strict procedures for ensuring the confidentiality of all candidate
records. Information about candidates is released only to the candidates themselves. Scores are
only released to the candidate and are not released by telephone or fax even to the candidate.
RECERTIFY
Maintaining Your RAC Credential
Continual learning, knowledge enhancement and professional development are vital to regulatory
professionals. Once certified, you maintain your RAC through continued learning and involvement
in professional activities. You are required to renew your RAC every three years by earning 36 RAC
recertification credits. Credits may be accumulated in many ways, including participation in con-
tinuing education, public speaking on regulatory topics, professional writing and involvement with
professional organizations.
Individuals who hold more than one RAC designation are only required to submit a single recerti-
fication application with a total of 36 credits. The recertification cycle is based on the initial RAC
certification and the related recertification cycle. You can find detailed information about maintain-
ing and renewing your RAC in the RAC Recertification Guide.
Contact Information
Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society
Attention: RAC Program Office
5635 Fishers Lane, Suite 400
Rockville, MD 20852
USA
Tel +1 301 770 2920, ext. 200
Fax +1 301 770 2924
Email: certification@raps.org
Scantron
6001 Hospitality Court, #100
Morrisville, NC 27560
+1 919 572 6880
email: testing@castleworldwide
• Task 9: Submit single case or aggregate safety reports to comply with local, regional, and
global regulations or upon request by regulatory authorities.
• Task 10: Comply with product post-marketing surveillance requirements to meet condi-
tions of approval.
• Task 11: Proceduralize the regulatory assessment process to define notifiable changes to
comply with local, regional, and global regulatory authorities for post-marketing changes.
• Task 12: Evaluate change control documents to determine the level of change and conse-
quential submission requirement.
• Task 13: Participate in crisis/issue management team (e.g., product recall, counterfeiting)
and assess the regulatory impact of an event and proposed resolution.
• Task 14: Review regulatory aspects of contracts (e.g., quality, product complaints, recalls,
vigilance) for product manufacture and distribution.
• Task 15: Control access to regulatory documentation, ensuring confidentiality and protec-
tion of proprietary information.
• Task 16: Maintain licenses (e.g., establishment, narcotics, controlled substances) and submit
renewals as required.
• Task 17: File new and amended patent/trademark forms to update information with appli-
cable regulatory authorities to meet regulations.
• Task 18: Provide required information (e.g., clinical data) in support of product reimburse-
ment requests.
• Task 19: Submit documentation and samples for lot release, if required, for customs
clearance.
• Task 20: Demonstrate that quality systems are in place (e.g., ISO 13485 for medical
devices).
• Task 21: Comply with import and export requirements.
• Task 22: Demonstrate compliance with applicable market controls and requirements (e.g.,
controlled substances, veterinary use only).
• Task 23: Assess adequacy of product traceability systems.
All Tasks may be examined under the following knowledge or skill areas:
a. Regulatory intelligence
b. Product development
c. Risk management
d. Licensing, registration, and maintenance
e. Post-market activities
APPENDIX B: SPECIAL
ACCOMMODATIONS REQUEST
The Regulatory Affairs Certification Board (RACB) may provide accommodations to candidates
with a disability as defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Please review the RAC
Candidate Guide before submitting this form to be sure you quality for special accommodations.
Name_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
First Last MI
Address__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Street Mail Stop/Suite/Apt
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
City State/Province Zip
Country__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Email address____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX C: DOCUMENTATION OF
DISABILITY-RELATED NEEDS
To the Professional: The individual identified below is requesting accommodations for the
Regulatory Affairs Certification (RAC) examination. The Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society
requires that candidates requesting testing accommodations provide documentation of the disabil-
ity from a person qualified to assess the disability.
By completing and signing this form, you are verifying that the individual named below has been
diagnosed with the stated disability and the recommended accommodation is required to fairly
demonstrate the candidate’s ability on the examination.
Candidate Name_________________________________________________________________________________________
First Last MI
1. Diagnosis (note: mental and emotional disabilities must include a diagnosis from the DSM-IV)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Description of the candidate’s disability and how the disability affects the candidate’s major life
activities (e.g., hearing, seeing, walking, talking, performing manual tasks)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Recommended Accommodations:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name___________________________________________________________________________________________
Contact Email/Phone____________________________________________________________________________________
The task force identified eight core values that regulatory professionals embrace. The principles
embodied by these core values are outlined in the section (below) entitled “Fundamental Principles.”
Following that, each core value is presented with suggested behaviors that should be encouraged or
discouraged.
RAPS believes that this is a living document and encourages your feedback. Use this code of conduct
in your work and share it with your colleagues and employer.
As individual regulatory professionals, we are making a positive contribution to public health and
we aspire to embody this code of ethics in our words, actions and deeds.
As regulatory professionals, we play a pivotal role in ensuring compliance with applicable laws and
regulations in the development and commercialization of healthcare products. We are a diverse
profession: we work in healthcare companies, for government regulatory agencies, for contract
research organizations and as independent consultants around the world. Our profession includes
attorneys, engineers, managers, nurses, pharmacists, physicians and scientists, among others.
We are a growing profession and we are developing and continually exploring our core values in
an increasing complex global regulatory environment. We do this in the hope that everyone who
practices in this field will aspire to these principles. We do this also in the hope that those whom we
serve will hold these principles as inviolable.
The following eight core values defined below are maintained from the original code:
• Regulatory Compliance
• Competency
• Objectivity
• Integrity
• Honesty/Credibility
• Accountability
• Equitability
• Dignity and Respect
Fundamental Principles
As a regulatory professional I aspire to:
• To ensure my employer’s activities are conducted in compliance with the laws and
regulations of the authorities under which we operate, consistent with advancing,
preserving and protecting public health.
• Be competent to perform the services I have been hired or retained to perform. As a
regulatory professional, I hereby commit myself to continual learning while being able to
acknowledge areas outside my expertise.
Duty
Our role as regulatory professionals is defined by our duty to advise individuals and organizations
regarding the appropriate regulatory context for actions they may want to take.
Our role is further defined by our obligations as employees of companies making important medical
products for patients, as members of teams conducting nonclinical and clinical studies, as regulators
and as members of our profession.
Disseminate and interpret relevant governmental regulations, industry standards and good practice
guidelines without bias.
Ensure products are safe and beneficial to patients, while maintaining the long-term interests of our
employers.
Ensure, to the extent possible, the benefits justify the risks for those who participate in clinical
studies and who use regulated products.
Provide physicians and other healthcare professionals with accurate and complete information
about the safety and effectiveness of products.
Maintain the long-term integrity of our profession and strive to deserve the public’s confidence and
respect.
Competence
Competence means a regulatory professional has the knowledge, experience, ability and skill
necessary to effectively identify, analyze and solve or recommend solutions to regulatory
challenges. Regulatory professionals must be dedicated and flexible enough to adapt to the ever-
changing realm of the regulatory profession.
The diversity of individuals and organizational contexts within the regulatory profession
necessitates commitment to continually develop competence by a variety of means: seeking
continuing education, work experience, professional training and certification.
Just as the regulatory profession continues to evolve, maintaining competence within the field is a
continual learning process.
Objectivity
Regulatory professionals must be objective and must display their objectivity by representing facts
without distortion by personal feelings or biases. The regulatory professional must understand the
facts and must evaluate information from several points of view.
Regulatory professionals must understand their decisions may affect the interests of many parties
including companies, regulators, healthcare professionals, patients and shareholders. Regulatory
professionals must be aware of these differing interests without letting them influence their final
regulatory interpretations and actions.
• Responding carefully to opinions and issues and recognizing a single right or wrong answer
is rare. Opinions can often take on a partisan perspective. The regulatory professional
should always strive to offer an unbiased expression of facts.
• Presenting reasonable regulatory opinions, options and associated risks when developing
regulatory strategies.
• Clearly differentiating among regulatory requirements, internal requirements and personal
preferences.
• Disclosing new information appropriately within the proper context.
Integrity
Regulatory professionals with integrity will not compromise their values or trustworthiness for
personal gain or professional enhancement. Individuals with integrity are principled, scrupulous and
trustworthy. Having integrity suggests that one is “whole,” and one’s beliefs, words and actions are
congruent and consistent.
• Keeping commitments.
• Giving credit for the work of others.
• Maintaining confidentiality of information and never disclosing information concerning the
business or technical affairs of others without their consent.
• Seeking advice from others when uncertain.
• Considering their obligations and the long-term consequences of their actions when asked
to compromise integrity for the sake of one party over another.
• Avoiding situations that put their integrity at risk.
• Recognizing the best course of action may not be in the short-term interest of their
employer.
• Accepting compensation only when earned.
• Avoiding conflicts of interest or making conflicts known when they are unavoidable.
Honesty
Regulatory professionals must exhibit honesty in all of their activities. Honesty is truthfulness,
candor and sincerity. Honesty requires a regulatory professional to act in ways free from deceit or
deception, including dishonesty by omission or failing to say something when comment is ethically
required. Honesty requires candid and forthcoming actions, not simply refraining from false
statements.
Regulatory professionals build honesty and trust, which is absolutely essential to fostering effective
working relationships, by:
Courage
Regulatory professionals demonstrate courage by choosing the right thing even when doing so
is difficult. Regulatory professionals must have the courage to evaluate, conclude and provide
consistent and accurate regulatory advice while accepting the consequences of their actions. They
must gain access to information required to do their jobs as completely as possible.
• Reviewing and reiterating their advice and strategy when necessary or when challenged
and changing their advice when appropriate.
• Asking for help when needed.
• Encouraging an open exchange of views even if those views challenge their regulatory
advice.
• Admitting mistakes, accepting accountability and taking appropriate measures to promptly
correct any errors, miscommunications or misperceptions.
• Delivering bad news quickly to management when necessary.
• Providing information to stakeholders about regulatory risks and describing consequences
if regulatory advice is overruled or ignored.
Fairness
Regulatory professionals strive to treat all persons fairly, equitably and equally in accordance
with the law by holding all those with common responsibilities to a common standard. Regulatory
professionals should consider the rights and needs of all parties in the context of all applicable laws,
regulations and scientific and societal norms.
Respect
Regulatory professionals demonstrate respect by appreciating the worth or value of people and
things. Regulatory professionals must respect the roles of their colleagues and should recognize and
acknowledge the worth of all parties.
RAPS.org/RAC