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    Arithmetic Mean (AM) يباسحلا طسىلا:  For ungrouped data ةبىبم ريغلا تانايبلل

    Uploaded by

    Hassan Aljaberi
    1) The document defines and provides formulas to calculate the mean, median, and mode for both ungrouped and grouped data. 2) For ungrouped data, the mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values, the median is the middle value when values are ordered, and the mode is the most frequent value. 3) For grouped data, the mean is calculated using class midpoints and frequencies, the median uses the cumulative frequency distribution to find the median class, and the mode formula incorporates frequencies of surrounding classes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Arithmetic Mean (AM) يباسحلا طسىلا:  For ungrouped data ةبىبم ريغلا تانايبلل

    Uploaded by

    Hassan Aljaberi
    33 views5 pages
    1) The document defines and provides formulas to calculate the mean, median, and mode for both ungrouped and grouped data. 2) For ungrouped data, the mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values, the median is the middle value when values are ordered, and the mode is the most frequent value. 3) For grouped data, the mean is calculated using class midpoints and frequencies, the median uses the cumulative frequency distribution to find the median class, and the mode formula incorporates frequencies of surrounding classes.

    Original Title

    احصاء 5&6

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    1) The document defines and provides formulas to calculate the mean, median, and mode for both ungrouped and grouped data. 2) For ungrouped data, the mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values, the median is the middle value when values are ordered, and the mode is the most frequent value. 3) For grouped data, the mean is calculated using class midpoints and frequencies, the median uses the cumulative frequency distribution to find the median class, and the mode formula incorporates frequencies of surrounding classes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views5 pages

    Arithmetic Mean (AM) يباسحلا طسىلا:  For ungrouped data ةبىبم ريغلا تانايبلل

    Uploaded by

    Hassan Aljaberi
    1) The document defines and provides formulas to calculate the mean, median, and mode for both ungrouped and grouped data. 2) For ungrouped data, the mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values, the median is the middle value when values are ordered, and the mode is the most frequent value. 3) For grouped data, the mean is calculated using class midpoints and frequencies, the median uses the cumulative frequency distribution to find the median class, and the mode formula incorporates frequencies of surrounding classes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    5&6 ‫االحصاء‬ ‫بصريات‬/‫مرحلة ثانية‬  ‫حسن عبد الهادي الجابري‬

    Arithmetic Mean (AM) ‫الىسط الحسابي‬


    is also known as simple average. It is denoted by ̅
    ̅ can be calculated by dividing the sum (total) of all observations by number of
    observations.

     For ungrouped data ‫للبيانات الغير مبىبة‬

    ∑
    Mean ̅=

    Example
    Find the mean of: 6, 8, 11, 5, 2, 9, 7, 8

    ∑
    Mean ̅ = = = =7

     For grouped data ‫للبيانات المبىبة‬

    Mean ̅=∑

    Where:
    =∑
    : The midpoints
    : Frequencies of the classes

    Example
    The following frequency distribution represents the ages of 30 students in a statistics
    class. Find the mean of the frequency distribution.
    Class Midpoint Frequency (x . f)
    x f
    18-25 21.5 13 279.5
    26-33 29.5 8 236.0
    34-41 37.5 4 150.0
    42-49 45.5 3 136.5
    50-57 53.5 2 107.0
    ∑f =n= 30 ∑ = 909.0
    1
    5&6 ‫االحصاء‬ ‫بصريات‬/‫مرحلة ثانية‬  ‫حسن عبد الهادي الجابري‬
    ∑
    Mean ̅= = = 30.0
    The mean age of the students is 30.3 years.

    Median ‫الىسيط‬
    The median value of a set of data is the middle value of the ordered data.

     For ungrouped data ‫للبيانات الغير مبىبة‬

    Step 1 Arrange the observed values of variable in a data in increasing order.


    Step 2
    - If n is an odd number ‫عدد فردي‬, The median position is ;

    - If n is an even number ‫ عدد زوجي‬, The median position is , +1 . (For ordinal level
    of data, choose any one on the two middle positions).

    Example
    Find the median of the following:
    a) 11, 4, 9, 7, 10, 5, 6
    Ordering the data gives: 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11
    n = 7 (odd number)

    The median position is = =4

    4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11
    Median = 7
    b) 11 ,4 ,9 ,9 ,7 ,10 ,5 ,6
    Ordering the data gives: 4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,9 ,9 ,10 ,11
    n = 8 (even number)

    The median position is = =4 , +1 = +1 = 5

    4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,9 ,9 ,10 ,11
    Here there is a middle pair 7 and 9. The median is between these 2 values i.e. the mean of
    them
    Median = =8
    2
    5&6 ‫االحصاء‬ ‫بصريات‬/‫مرحلة ثانية‬  ‫حسن عبد الهادي الجابري‬
     For grouped data ‫للبيانات المبىبة‬

    Step 1 Construct the cumulative frequency distribution.


    Step 2 Decide the class that contains the median. Class Median is the first class with the
    value of cumulative frequency greater than or equal to .
    Step 3 Find the median by using the following formula:

    ( )

    Where:
    : lower limit of median class

    : is the sum of all frequency values

    : the cumulative frequency before class median

    : the frequency of the class median

    : class size

    Example
    Based on the grouped data below, find the median:
    Step 1 : Construct the cumulative frequency distribution

    Class limit Frequency cumulative


    frequency
    135- 6 6
    140- 10 16
    145- 18 34
    Median class 150- 22 56
    155- 20 76
    160- 15 91
    165- 6 97
    170-175 3 100
    Total 100

    3
    5&6 ‫االحصاء‬ ‫بصريات‬/‫مرحلة ثانية‬  ‫حسن عبد الهادي الجابري‬

    ( )

    = = 50

    :‫ لذا‬05 ‫ لقيم التكزار التزاكمي في الجدول هو‬05 ‫اكبز من رقم‬


    Class median is the 4rd class

    So,

    = 150
    = 34
    = 22
    =5

    ( )

    = 150 + 3.64 = 153.64

    Mode ‫المنىال‬
    The data entry that occurs with the greatest frequency. A data set may have one mode,
    more than one mode, or no mode. If no entry is repeated the data set has no mode.

     For ungrouped data

    The most frequent score

    Example
    Find the mode for: 2, 6, 3, 9, 5, 6, 2, 6
    It can be seen that the most frequently occurring value is 6

    4
    5&6 ‫االحصاء‬ ‫بصريات‬/‫مرحلة ثانية‬  ‫حسن عبد الهادي الجابري‬
     For grouped data
    The following formula is applied for calculation of mode:

    ( )

    Where:
    : lower limit of modal class

    : size of the class interval (assuming all class sizes to be equal)

    : frequency of modal class

    : frequency of the class preceding the modal class

    : frequency of the class succeeding the modal class

    Example
    Class limit Frequency
    1- 1
    2- 4
    3- 8
    4- 7
    Modal class 5- 20
    6- 3
    7-8 2

    ( )

    Mode = 5.43

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