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Salvador Estipona, Jr. Y Asuela v. Hon. Frank E. Lobrigo Facts

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Salvador Estipona, Jr. Y Asuela v. Hon. Frank E.

Lobrigo
G.R. No. 226679, August 15, 2017
FACTS:
Petitioner Estipona, Jr. was charged with violation of Section 11 of RA
9165. On June 15, 2016, Estipona filed a Motion to Allow the Accused to
Enter into a Plea Bargaining Agreement, praying to withdraw his not guilty
plea and, instead, to enter a plea of guilty for violation of Section 12 of the
same law, with a penalty of rehabilitation in view of his being a first-time
offender and the minimal quantity of the dangerous drug seized in his
possession.
Petitioner argues that Section 23 of RA 9165 which prohibits plea
bargaining in all violations of said law violates: (1) the intent of the law
expressed in paragraph 3, Section 2 thereof; (2) the rule-making authority of
the Supreme Court under Section 5(5), Article VIII of the 1987 Constitution;
and (3) the principle of separation of powers among the three equal
branches of the government.
ISSUES:
Whether or not Section 23 of RA 9165 is unconstitutional as it
encroached upon the power of the Supreme Court to promulgate rules of
procedure. (YES)
Whether or not Section 23 of RA 9165 is unconstitutional for being
violative of the Constitutional right to equal protection of the law.
RULING:
The Supreme Court held that the power to promulgate rules of
pleading, practice and procedure is now their exclusive domain and no
longer shared with the Executive and Legislative departments.
The Court further held that the separation of powers among the three
co-equal branches of our government has erected an impregnable wall that
keeps the power to promulgate rules of pleading, practice and procedure
within the sole province of this Court.  The other branches trespass upon this
prerogative if they enact laws or issue orders that effectively repeal, alter
or modify any of the procedural rules promulgated by the Court.
Viewed from this perspective, the Court had rejected previous
attempts on the part of the Congress, in the exercise of its legislative power,
to amend the Rules of Court (Rules).
The Supreme Court did not resolve the issue of whether Section 23 of
R.A. No. 9165 is contrary to the constitutional right to equal protection of the
law in order not to preempt any future discussion by the Court on the policy
considerations behind Section 23 of R.A. No. 9165.
Pending deliberation on whether or not to adopt the statutory provision
in toto or a qualified version thereof, the Court deemed it proper to declare
as invalid the prohibition against plea bargaining on drug cases until and
unless it is made part of the rules of procedure through an
administrative circular duly issued for the purpose.

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