Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

As a process, fire can take many form, all of which involve chemical reaction between
combustible specties and oxygen from the air and heat to meet our industrial and domestic needs
but unchecked, can cause untold material damage and human suffering. Such an approach
require a detailed understanding of fire behaviour from an engineering standpoint. The study of
fire chemistry is as essential to the fire protection Engineer as study of chemistry is to the
Chemical Engineer.
Note:- The flamming mode can be conceived of as a tetrahedrol , in which each of the four sides
is contiguous with the other sides and each sides represent one of the four basic requirements of
combustion: fuel, temperature, oxygen and uninhibited combustion chain reactions. As Shown
on the Right side of the figure, the Surface combustion mode can be symbolized correctly in the
form of traditional triangle; in which each of the three sides in contiguous with other two sides
and each sides representing one of the three basic requirements - fuel, temperature, oxygen.
Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Utility of commonly used fire extinguishers is given below.

Sr.
Types of Fire Extinguishers Class of Fire
No.
A B C D
1 Water (Gas Cartridge) S NS NS NS
2 Water (stored pressure) S NS NS NS
3 Mechanical Foam U S NS NS
4 Dry chemical powder Gas cartridge) U S S NS*
5 Dry chemical powder (metal type) S S S NS
6 Carbon di-oxide U S S NS
7 Halon U S S NS

S: Suitable
NS: Not suitable
U : Can be used in case of emergency but not much effective.
* : Special dry powder can be used.
Taking into consideration the views of technical authority, the number and size of first
aid fire appliances that are installed in any particular premises for protecting building
structure and occupancy hazard are according the following factors,
Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

The Fire Alarm system consists of smoke/heat detectors, hooters, manual call points, and a Fire
Monitor Panel. Smoke/Heat Detectors: Smoke/Heat detectors are a sensitive instrument used in
detecting the initial stages of a fire. It raises an alarm as soon as it comes into contact with
smoke/ heat. These detectors should be installed in each room and corridor. They should be fitted
in the false ceiling, facing downward. Hooters: A hooter creates a loud warning sound to alert
members of the staff in the premises as well as neighbours about a fire. Hooters should be
installed at the main entrance to the premises and in each zone. They should be fitted at the top
of the walls. Manual Call Point : A manual call point enables anyone who detects a fire to raise
the alarm in case the smoke/heat detectors do not activate the hooter. Anyone who detects a fire
should break the glass at the manual control point. This causes the alarm button to come outward
and the hooter to turn on. Manual control points should be installed in each zone in the premises.
They should be fitted on the wall close to the exit in each zone. Fire Monitor Panel: The fire
monitor panel shows the broad location of any fire in the premises.It also helps in testing the
electronic fire equipment installed at the site. It should be installed close to the main Security
Guard post or at a point where it can be seen by most of the members of the staff.
Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

In case of fire

 Do not panic; keep calm.

 Actuate the manual fire alarm system provided on the floor to raise alarm.
 Think and act quickly.
 Report to security.
 Summon the Fire Brigade on known telephone No. 101
 Alert the people in the vicinity of fire.
 Do not take shelter in the toilet.
  Fight the fire only if you can. Do not take undue risk.
 Crawl, in case you encounter smoke.
 If you know the details of fire/fire extinguishing system provided, inform the fire brigade
personnel on their arrival.

Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

In case of fire

Do's / Dont's

Do's

 Acquaint yourself with the layout of the escape routes, staircases, refuge areas and the
location of fire alarms.
 Train yourself and the security personnel in the proper operation and use of first-aid hose
reel provided at each floor level and fire extinguishers. Also train them in switching on
the fire pump, at ground/basement level and also the booster pump at terrace level, and
the method of summoning the Fire Brigade Department in the event of a fire.
 Keep always closed the fire doors of staircases, main entrance to the factory building/
company
 All the fire protection installations such as fire pumps, wet riser-cum-downcomer,
sprinkler installation, fire extinguishers etc should be kept in a good state. Timely use of
these will help in controlling/extinguishing the fires in the early stages, thereby
minimising life losses and property losses.
 Always maintain good house keeping.
 Ground all the lifts, including FIRE LIFT, in case of a fire.
 Practice evacuation drills periodically.
 Irrespective of the magnitude of fire, summon the Fire Brigade at the earliest.
 Seek the advice and guidance of Fire Brigade Department in the matter of fire safety.
 In case of fire, guide the Fire Brigade Department personnel about the location and extent
of fire, information about trapped persons, if any, and provide any other information they
may request. Help them to help you.
 Remember, FIREMAN IS YOUR FRIEND .

Dont's
  Do not allow encroachments or storages in the courtyards of the building. Open
courtyards are required for placing and operating the fire and rescue appliances in case of
emergency.
 Do not allow storages or obstructions in the common corridors and staircases. These exit
routes, if maintained clear, will help easy escape in case of fire.
 Do not allow the Fire doors of the staircases to be kept open. In case of fire, heat and
smoke enters the staircases and prevent the escape of people.
 In case of fire, do not use LIFTS for escape. They may fail midway trapping people
inside. Use only staircases.
 Do not allow Electric Meter Rooms to be used as storages, dumping places or as living
quarters for servants. They are potential fire hazards.
 During Diwali Season, do not keep any combustibles in the balconies. Do not dry clothes
in the balconies or outside the building line. Flying crackers have caused serious fires.
 Do not use the basement for any purpose other than permitted purpose. Because of ill-
ventilation, habitation or working in the basement will make a death trap for people.
 Continuous electrical ducts through the height of the building enable the fire to spread
from one floor to another. Seal them at each floor slab level.
 Do not allow Air-Condition ducting to pass through one floor to another, because fire,
heat and smoke travel through these ducts and spread to the other part of the building.
Sectionalise them, as far as practical even on a particular floor, so as to limit the spread of
fire, heat and smoke, and minimise the damages.
 Never paint or coat fire detectors or sprinkler heads. If done, they will become
ineffective.
 Do not re-enter the ire affected building to collect the valuables or for any other purpose.
It may cost your life.
 Do not decorate walls and ceilings of common corridors with combustible material such
as wooden paneling etc. They create unwarranted fire risk in the escape route in case of
fire.
 Do not allow Fire fighting tanks to be misused or remain empty. Do not block access to
the tank. You/Fire Service may need them for use at any moment.
 Avoid damage to wet riser system. It has been provided for your use to extinguish/check
spread of fire before arrival of Fire Brigade. It's good maintenance ensures your safety.
 Do not 'switch off' Fire/Smoke Detection System. This may lead to fire remaining
unnoticed till it assumed large magnitude
 Do not 'switch off' electricity of the entire building in the event of a fire. This will cause
stoppage of all the fire protection and fire fighting system installed in the building.
 Do not carry out additions and alteration in the building. Consult Fire Brigade before
undertaking such works.

Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

In case of fire

Do's / Dont's

Classification of fires as per ISI 2190/1979

 Class 'A' Fires

Fire involving combustible material such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, plastic requiring
the heat absorbing effects of water, water solutions.
 Class 'B' Fires
This type of fire involves flammable or combustible liquids greases, petroleum products
and similar materials for extinction, a blanketing effect is essential.
 Class 'C' Fires
Which involves flammable gases, substance under pressure including liquified gasses.
Here it is necessary to dilute the burning gasses at very fast rate with an inert gas , Dry
chemical powder or co 2 .
 Class 'D' Fires
Fire involving combustible metals such as Sodium, magnesium, zinc, potassium. These
burning metal react with water and water containing agent. These fire requires special
media to extinguish such as carbon-di-oxide special dry chemical powder.

Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

In case of fire

Do's / Dont's

Classification of fires as per ISI 2190/1979

Evacuation drill

Guidelines for Fire Drill and Evacuation Procedures For High Rise Buildings
(Above 15 m in height)

E-1 INTRODUCTION
In case of fire in a high rise building, safe evacuation of its occupants may present serious
problems unless a plan for orderly and systematic evacuation is prepared in advance and all
occupants are well drilled in the operation of such plan. These guidelines are intended to assist
them in this task.

E-2 ALARMS
Any person discovering fire, heat or smoke shall immediately report such condition to the fire
brigade, unless he has personal knowledge that such a report has been made. No person shall
make, issue, post or maintain any regulation or order, written or verbal, that would require any
person to take any unnecessary delaying action prior to reporting such condition to the fire
brigade.

E-3 DRILLS

 E-3.1 – Fire drills shall be conducted, in accordance with the Fire Safety Plan, at least
once every three months for existing buildings during the first two years. Thereafter, fire
drills shall be conducted at least once every six months.
 E-3.2 – All occupants of the building shall participate in the fire drill. However,
occupants of the building, other than building service employees, are not required to
leave the floor or use the exits during the drill.
 E-3.3 – A written record of such drills shall be kept on the premises for a three years
period and shall be readily available for fire brigade inspection.

E-4 SIGNS AND PLANS

E-4.1 – Sign at Lift Landings
Signs shall be posted and maintained in a conspicuous place on every floor at or near the lift
landing in accordance with the requirements, indicating that in case of fire, occupants shall use
the stairs unless instructed otherwise. The sign shall contain a diagram showing the location of
the stairways except that such diagram may be omitted, provided signs containing such diagram
are posted in conspicuous places on the respective floor.
A sign shall read “IN CASE OF FIRE, USE STAIRS UNLESS INSTRUCTED OTHER WISE”.
The lettering shall be at least 12.5 mm block letters and white background. Such lettering shall
be properly spaced in provided good legibility. The sign shall be at least 250 mm x 300 mm,
where the diagram is also incorporated in it and 62.5 mm x 250 mm where the diagram is
omitted. In the latter case, the diagram sign shall be at least 200 mm x 300 mm. The sign shall be
located directly above a call-button and squarely attached to the wall or partition. The top of the
sign shall not be above 2 m from the floor level.

E-4.2 – Floor Numbering Signs

A sign shall be posted and maintained within each stair enclosure on every floor, indicating the
number of the floor, in accordance with the requirements given below.
The numerals shall be of bold type and at least 75 mm high. The numerals and background shall
be in contrasting colures. The sign shall be securely attached to the stair side of the door.

E-4.3 – Stair and Elevator Identification Sign

Each stairway and each elevator back shall be identified by an alphabetical letter. Sign
identification shall be posted and maintained at each elevator landing and on the side of the
stairway door from which egress is to be made, in accordance with the requirements given
below: The lettering on the sign shall be at least 75 mm high, of bold type and of contrastsing
colure from the background. Such signs shall be securely attached.

E-4.4 – Stair Re-entry Signs

A sign shall be posted and maintained on each floor within each stairway and on the occupancy
side of the stairway where required, indicating whether re-entry is provided into the building and
the floor where such re-entry provided, in accordance with the requirements given below: The
lettering and numerals of the signs shall be at least 12.5 mm high of bold type. The lettering and
background shall be of contrasting colures and the signs shall be securely attached approximately
1.5 m above the floor level.

E-4.5 – Fire command station shall be provided with floor pan of the building and other
pertinent information relative to the service equipment of the building.

E-5 FIRE SAFETY PLAN

 E-5.1 – A format for the Fire Safety Plan shall be as given in E-8
 E-5.2 – The applicable parts of the approved Fire Safety Plan shall be distributed to all
tenants of the building by the building management when the Fire Safety Plan has been
approved by the Fire Authority.
 E-5.3 – The applicable parts of the approved Fire Safety Plan shall then be distributed by
the tenants to all their employees and by the building management to all their building
employees.
 E-5.4 – Where the owner of the building is also an occupant of the building, he shall be
responsible for the observance of rules and the Fire Safety Plan in the same manner as a
tenant.
 E-5.5 – In the event there are changes from conditions existing at the time the Fire Safety
Plan for the building was approved, and the changes are such so as to require amending
the Fire Safety Plan, within 30 days after such changes, an amended Fire Safety Plan
shall be submitted to the fire brigade for approval.

E-6 FIRE COMMAND STATION

A Fire Command Station shall be established in the lobby of the building on the entrance floor.
Such command station shall be adequately illuminated.

E-7 COMMUNICATIONS AND FIRE ALARM

A mean of communication and fire alarm for use during fire emergencies shall be provided and
maintained by the owner or person in charge of the building/

E-8 FIRE SAFETY PLAN FORMAT

 E-8.1 – Building Address

Street and Pin Code Number---------------------------
Telephone Number ---------------------------------------
 E-8.2 – Purpose and Objective
o E-8.2.1 – Purpose
To establish method of systematic, safe and orderly evacuation of an are or
building by its occupants in case of fire or other emergency, in the least possible
time, to a safe area by the nearest safe means for aggress; also the use of such
available fire appliances (including sounding of alarms) as may have been
provided for controlling or extinguishing fire and safeguarding of human life.
o E-8.2.2 – Objective To provide proper education as a part of conforming
employee indoctrination and through a continuing written programmed for all
occupants, to ensure prompt reporting of fire, the response of fire alarms as
designated, and the immediate initiation of fire safety procedures to safeguard life
and contain fire until the arrival of the fire brigade.
 E-8.3 – Fire Safety Director
o Name
o Regularly assigned employment – Title
o Regularly assigned location
o How is he notified when at regular location?
o How is he notified when not at regular location?
o Normal working hours
o Duties of Fire Safety Director (see E-9.1)
 E-8.4 – Deputy Fire Safety Director
o Name
o Regularly assigned employment – Title
o Regularly assigned location
o How is he notified when at regular location?
o How is he notified when not at regular location?
o Normal working hours
o Duties of Fire Safety Director (see E-9)
 E-8.5 – Fire Wardens and Deputy Fire Wardens
o Are their names on Organization Charts for each floor and/or tenancy?
o Submit typical completed Organization Chart for Fire Drill and Evacuation
Assignment.
o Duties of Fire Wardens and Deputy Fire Wardens (see E-9.3).
 E-8.6 – Building Evacuation Supervisor
o Name
o Regularly assigned employment – Title
o Regularly assigned location
o How is he notified when at regular location?
o How is he notified when not at regular location?
o Normal working hours
o Duties of Building Evacuation Supervisor (see E-9.4)
 E-8.7 – Fire Party
o Submit a completed Organization Chart for Fire parties naming person in charge,
and his title in the building.
 o Indicate standards of selection from building employees based on background and
availability.
o How are they notified?
o How are they notified when they are not at their regular locations?
o Means of responding.
o Duties of each ember of Fire Party (see E-9.5)
 E-8.8 – Occupants Instructions
Distribution of instructions to all tenants, tenants’ employees and building employees of
(see E-9.6).
 E-8.9 – Evacuation Drill
o Frequency of drills
o How conducted?
o Participation: Who participated? How?
o Controls and supervision
o Recording of details of drills
 E-8.10 – Fire Command Station
o Location
o Requirements
o
 Adequate illumination
 Adequate communication to mechanical equipment room and elevator
control room on each floor.
 Copy of Fire Safety Plan
 Copy of Building Information Form
 Representative floor plans showing location of signs, floor remote station
communications, etc.
 E-8.11 – Signs
o Signs at elevator landings, Floor diagrams
o Floor numbering
o Stairway identification
o Elevator identification
o Stair re-entry
 E-8.12 – Fire Prevention and Fire Protection Programmer (see E-9.7).
 E-8.13 – Building Information Form (see E-9.8)
 E-8.14 – Representative Floor Plan (see E-9.9).
 E-8.15 – Fire Safety Plan Prepared by (see E-9.10).

E-9 DUTIES

 E-9.1 – Fire Safety Director’s Duties

 E-9.1.1 – Be familiar with the written Fire Safety Plan providing for fire drill and
evacuation procedure in accordance with orders on the subject.
 E-9.1.2 – Select qualified building service employees for a Fire Party and organize, train
and supervise such Fire Brigade.
 E-9.1.3 – Be responsible for the availability and state of readiness of the Fire Party.
 E-9.1.4 – Conduct fire and evacuation drills.
 E-9.1.5 – Be responsible for the designation and training of a Fire Warden for each floor,
and sufficient Deputy Fire Wardens for each leniency in accordance with orders on the
subject.
 E-9.1.6 – Be responsible for a daily check for the availability of the Fire Wardens, and
see that up-to-date organization charts are posted.
NOTE – If the number of Fire Wardens and Deputy Fire Wardens in the building is such
that it is impractical to individually contact each one daily, a suggested method to satisfy
the requirements is to make provisions for the Fire Warden, or a Deputy Fire Warden in
the absence of the Fire Warden, to notify the Fire Safety Director when the Fire Warden
or required number of Deputy Fire Warden are not available. In order to determine the
compliance by the Fire Warden and Deputy Fire Wardens, when this method is used, the
Fire Safety Director shall make a spot check of several different floors each day.
 E-9.1.7 – Notify the owner or some other person having charge of the building when any
designated individual is neglecting his responsibilities contained in Fire Safety Plan. The
owner or the other person in-charge of the building shall bring the matter to the attention
of the fire employing the individual. If the firm fails to correct the condition, the Fire
Department shall be notified by the owner/person in-charge of the building.
 E-9.1.8 – In the event of fire, shall report to the Fire Command Station to supervise,
provide for and coordinate:
o Ensure that the Fire Department has been notified of any fire alarm.
o Manning of the Fire Command Station.
o Direction of evacuating procedures as provided in the Fire Safety Plan.
o Reports on conditions on fire floor for information of Fire Department on their
arrival.
o Advise the Fire Department Officer in-charge in the operation of the Fire
Command Station.
 E-9.1.9 – Be responsible for the training and activities of the Building Evacuation
Supervisor.
 E-9.2 – Deputy Fire Safety Director’s Duties
 E-9.2.1 – Subordinate to the Fire Safety Director.
 E-9.2.2 – Perform duties of Fire Safety Director in his absence.
 E-9.3 – Fire Wardens and Deputy Fire Wardens Duties The tenant or tenants of each
floor shall, upon request of the owner or person in charge of buildings, make responsible
and dependable employees available for designation by the Fire Safety Director as Fire
Warden and Deputy Fire Warden.
 E-9.3.1 – Each floor of a building shall be under the direction of a designated Fire
Warden for the evacuation of occupants in the event of fire. He shall be assisted in his
duties by the Deputy Fire Warden. A Deputy Fire Warden shall be provided for each
tenancy. When the floor area of a tenancy exceeds 700 m2 of occupicable space, a
Deputy Fire Warden shall be assigned for each 700 m2 or part thereof.
 E-9.3.2 – Each Fire Warden and Deputy Fire Warden shall be familiar with the Fire
Safety Plan, the location of exits and the location and operation of any available fire
alarm system.
 E-9.3.3 – In the event of fire, or fire alarm the Fire Warden shall ascertain the location of
the fire and direct evacuation of the floor in accordance with directions received and the
following guidelines;
o The most critical areas for immediate evacuation are the fire floor and floors
immediately above.
Evacuation from the other floors shall be instituted when instructions from the
Fire Command Station or conditions indicate such action. Evacuation shall be via
uncontaminated stairs. The Fire Warden shall try to avoid stairs being used by the
Fire Department. If this is not possible, he shall try to attract the attention of the
Fire Department Personnel before such personnel open the door to the fire floor.
o Evacuation to two or more levels below the fire floor is generally adequate. He
shall keep the Fire Command Station informed regarding his location.
o Fire Wardens and their Deputies shall see that all occupants are notified of the
fire, and that they proceed immediately to execute the Fire Safety Plan.
o The Fire Warden on the fire floor shall, as soon as practicable, notify the Fire
Command Station of the particulars.
o Fire Warden on floors above the fire shall, after executing the Fire Safety Plan,
notify the Fire Command Station of the means being used for evacuation and any
other particulars.
o In the event that stairways serving fire floor and/or floors above are unusable due
to contamination or cut off by fire and/or smoke or that several floors above fire
involve large numbers of occupants who must be evacuated consideration may be
given to using evacuation of the floor in accordance with the following:
 If the elevators servicing his floor also service the fire floor, they shall not
be used. However, elevators may be used if there is more than one bank of
elevators, and he is informed from the Fire Command Station that one
bank is unaffected by the fire.
 If elevators do not service the fire floor and their shafts have no openings
on the fire floor, they may be used, unless directed otherwise.
 Elevators manned by trained building personnel or firemen may also be
used.
 In the absence of a serviceable elevator, the Fire Warden shall select the
safety stairway to use for evacuation on the basis of the location of the fire
and any information received from the Fire Command Station. The Fire
Warden shall check the environment in the stairs prior to entry for
evacuation. If it is affected by smoke, alternative stair shall be selected,
and the Fire command Station notified.
 The Fire Warden shall keep the Fire Command Station informed of the
means being employed for evacuation by the occupants of his floor.
o Ensure that an alarm has been transmitted.
 E-9.3.4 – Organization Chart for Fire Drill and Evacuation Assignment
A chart designating employees and their assignments shall be prepared and posted in
 each in a conspicuous place in each tenancy and on each floor of a tenancy that occupies
more than one floor and a copy shall be in the possession of the Fire Safety Director.
 E-9.3.5 – Keep available an updated listing of all personnel with physical disabilities who
cannot use stairs unaided. Make arrangements to have these occupants assisted in moving
down the stairs to two or more levels before fire floor. If it is necessary to move such
occupants to a still lower level during the fire, move them down the stair to the
uppermost floor served by an uninvolved elevator bank and them remove them the street
floor by elevator. Where assistance is required for such evacuations notify Fire Safety
Director.
 E-9.3.6 – Provide for Fire Warden Identification during the drills and fires, such as using
armband etc.
 E-9.3.7 – Ensure that all persons on the floor are notified of fire and all are evacuated to
safe areas. A search must be conducted to ensure all are out. Personnel assigned as
searchers can promptly and efficiently perform this duty.
 E-9.3.8 – Check availability of applicable personnel on Organization Chart and provide
for a substitute when the position on a chart is not covered.
 E-9.3.9 – After evacuation perform a head count to ensure that all regular occupants
known to have occupied the floor have been evacuated.
 E-9.3.10 – When alarm is received, the Fire Warden shall remain at a selected position in
the vicinity of the communication station on the floor, in order to maintain
communication with the Fire Command Station and to receive and give instructions.
 E-9.4 – Building Evacuation Supervisor’s Duties
A building Evacuation Supervisor is required at all times other than normal working or
business hours when there are occupants in the building and there is no Fire Safety
Director on duty in the building.
 E-9.4.1 – He should be capable of directing the evacuation of the occupants as provided
by the Fire Safety Plan.
 E-9.4.2 – During fire emergencies, the primary responsibility of the Building Evacuation
Supervisor shall be to man the Fire Command Station, and the direction and execution of
the evacuation as provided in the Fire Safety Plan. The Building Evacuation Supervisor’s
training and related activities shall be under the direction of the Fire Safety Director in
accordance with these rules, and the Fire Safety Plan. Such activities shall be subject to
Fire Department control.
 E-9.5 – Fire Party Duties
Occupants of an alarm for fire the Fire Party shall:
o Report to the floor below the fire to assist in evacuation and provide information
to the Fire Command Station.
o After evacuations of fire floor, endeavor to control speed of fire by closing doors,
etc.
o Attempt to control the fire until arrival of the Fire Department, if the fire is small
and condition do not pose a personal threat.
o Leave one member on the floor below the fire to direct the Fire Department to the
fire location and to inform them of conditions
o On arrival of the Fire Department, the Fire Party shall report to the Fire Command
Station for additional instructions.
 o Have a member designated as runner, who shall know the location of the nearest
telephone, and be instructed in its use. Such member shall immediately upon
receipt of information that there is a fire or evidence of fire, go to the telephone,
transmit an alarm and await the arrival of the Fire Department and direct such
department to the fire.
o Note: A chart designating employees and their assignments shall be prepared.
 E-9.6 – Occupant’s Instructions
o The applicable parts of the approved Fire Safety Plan shall be distributed to all
tenants of the building by the building management when the Fire Safety Plan has
been approved by the Fire Commissioner.
o The applicable parts of the approved Fire Safety Plan shall then be distributed by
the tenants to all their employees and by the building management to all their
building employees.
o All occupants of the building shall participate and cooperate in carrying out the
provisions of the Fire Safety Plan.
 E-9.7 – Fire Prevention and Fire Protection Program.
o A plan for periodic formal inspections of each floor area, including exit facilities,
fire extinguishers and house keeping shall be developed. A copy of such plan be
submitted.
o Provision shall be made for the monthly testing of communication and alarm
systems.
 E-9.8 – Building Information Form
It shall include the following information:
o Building address ----------------
Pin Code-----------
o Owner or person in-charge of building – Name, Address and Telephone Number
o Fire Safety Director and Deputy Fire Safety Director’s Name and Telephone
Numbers.
o Certificate of occupancy. Location where posted, or duplicate attached.
o Height, area, class of construction.
o Number, type and location of fire stairs and/or fire towers.
o Number, type and location of horizontal exits or other areas of refuge.
o Number, type, location and operation of elevators and escalators.
o Interior fire alarms, or alarms to central stations.
o Communications systems and /or walkie talkie, telephones, etc.
o Standpipe system: size and location of risers, gravity or pressure tank, fire pump,
location of Siamese connections, name of employee with certificate of
qualification and number of certificate.
o Sprinkler system: name of employee with Certificate of Fitness and certificate
number. Primary and secondary water supply, fire pump and areas protected.
o Special extinguishing system, if any components and operation.
o Average number of persons normally employed in building. Daytime and night
time.
o Average number of handicapped people in building. Location. Daytime and night
time.
 o Number of persons normally visiting the building. Daytime and nigh time
o Service equipment such as :
 Electric power, primary, auxiliary;
 Lighting, normal, emergency, type and location;
 Heating, type, fuel, location of heating unit;
 Ventilation – with fixed windows, emergency means of exhausting heat
and smoke;
 Air-Conditioning Systems - Brief description of the system, including
ducts & floors serviced;
 Refuse storage and disposal;
 Fire fighting equipment and appliances, other than standpipe and sprinkler
system; and
 Other pertinent building equipment.
o Alternation and repair operations, if any and the protective and preventive
measures necessary to safeguard such operations with attention to torch
operations.
o Storage and use of flammable solids, liquids and/or gases.
o Special occupancies in the building and the proper protection and maintenance
thereof. Places of public assembly, studios, and theatrical occupancies.
 E-9.9 - Representative Floor Plan
A floor plan, representative of the majority or the majority or the floor designs of the
entire building, shall be at the Command Post, in the main lobby, under the authority of
the Fire Safety Director. One copy of a representative floor plan shall be submitted to the
Fire Department with the Fire Safety plan.
 E-9.10 – Fire Safety Plan
In planning, evaluate the individual floor layouts, the population of floors, the number
and kinds of exits, the zoning of the floor by area and occupants. Determine the
movement of traffic by the most expeditious route to an appropriate exit and alternative
route for each zone, since under fire conditions one or more exits may not be usable. This
format is to be used in the preparation of the Fire Safety Plan. Nothing contained in this
Fire Safety Plan format is to be construed as all inclusive. All rules and other
requirements are to be fully complied with.
 E-9.11 – Personal Fire Instruction Card All the occupants of the building shall be given a
Personal Fire Instruction Card giving the details of the floor plan and exit routes along
with the instruction to be followed in the event of fire. A typical Personal Fire Instruction
Card shall be as follows:

PERSONAL FIRE INSTRUCTION CARD SEAL NAME OF THE ORGANIZATION

ADDRESS OF THE ORGANIZARION
NAME: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
DESIGNATION: -------------------------------------------------------------------
FLOOR NO: -----------------------------------------------------------------
DATE: ------------------------------------------------------------------

FIRE WARDEN INSTRUCTIONS FOR YOUR OWN SAFETY YOU SHOULD KNOW
  Two push button fire alarm boxes are provided per floor. You should read the operating
instructions.
 You should read the operating instructions on the body of the fire extinguishers provided
on you floor.
 The nearest exit from your table.
 Your assembly point on ground floor (check with your Fire/Deputy Fire Warden)
 FOR YOUR OWN PROTECTION YOU SHOULD REPORT TO YOUR FIRE
DEPUTY FIRE WARDEN.
o If any exit door/route is obstructed by loose materials, foods, boxes, etc.
o If any staircase door, lift lobby door does not close automatically, or does not
close completely.
o If any push button fire alarm point, or fire extinguishers is obstructed, damaged or
apparently out of order.

IF YOU DISCOVER A FIRE

 Break the glass of the nearest push button fore alarm and push the button.
 Attack the fire with extinguishers provided on your floor. Take guidance from your
Wardens.
 Evacuate if your Warden asks you to do so.

IF YOU HEAR EVACUATION INSTRUCTIONS

 Leave the floor immediately by the south/north staircase.

 Do not try to use lifts.
 Do not go to cloakroom.
 Do not run or shout.
 Do not stop to collect personal belongings.
 Keep the lift lobby and staircase door shut.

YOUR ASSEMBLY POINT IS

Fire Prevention & Protection

Defination of fire

Utility of fire extinguishers

Fixed fire fighting equipments

In case of fire

Do's / Dont's
Classification of fires as per ISI 2190/1979

Evacuation drill

To prevent fire

 Do not overload electrical circuit; it may cause short circuit and a fire.
 Use one socket for electrical appliances
 Do not leave electrical appliances unattended.
 Switch off electric appliances after use and remove the socket. It is fire safe practice.
 Switch off the "Main switch" before the house for long time duration.
 Do not keep electric wiring hanging, batten properly.
 Do not use candle the in case of power failure. User battery operated tourches.
 Smoke only in the Smoking Zone, use non- combustible ashtrays for depositing lighted
smoking material
 Use ashtray while Smoking
 Keep matches, crackers, lighters away from the children.
 Keep L.P.G. Stove/Segree/Burner on raised non-combustible platform.
 Turn off both the L.P.G. gas cylinder valve and burner knob of the gas segree/cooking
range etc. when not in use after cooking.
 Ventilate the entire room if L.P.G. cylinder is leaking and do not switch on/off any of the
electric switches the room in . Replace L.P.G. supply tube periodically or as and when
advised by Mechanic.
 If L.P.G. cylinder is leaking-
o Close the main cylinder valve.
o Ventilate the entire room.
o Do not operate electric switch.
 Do not allow children to play with fire crackers.
 Do not light fire works very close to the buildings .
 Close the windows and openings properly to prevent ingress of lighted flying crackers.
 Do not leave lighted oil lamps, agarbattis or candles on the floor or near combustible
material. Put them off before retiring to bed.
 Do not store scrap/combustible material in and around the building; dispose it regularly.
 Fire Prevention & Protection
 Defination of fire
 Utility of fire extinguishers
 Fixed fire fighting equipments
 In case of fire
 Do's / Dont's
 Classification of fires as per ISI 2190/1979
 Evacuation drill
 To prevent fire
 Fire drill
  CONTROL ROOM will coordinate the conduct of fire drills every six months in each of
the Company's offices to familiarise all members of the staff and security personnel with
the procedures to be followed in the event of fire. CONTROL ROOM will decide the
date and timing of the fire drills in consultation with the various Business Functions in
the region and arrange to intimate all concerned atleast 10 days in advance.

A CONTROL ROOM representative will record the events of each fire drill and circulate
this to all Managers in the concerned region. The Regional Office, CONTROL ROOM
will maintain the original fire drill report.

CONTROL ROOM will conduct these fire drills on its own or through a professional
organisation. In the event a professional organisation's help is sought, the cost will be
borne by all functions in that particular location/region.
You Can Stop Fires
Do's

 Acquaint yourself with the layout of the escape routes, staircases, refuge areas and the
location of fire alarms.
 Train yourself and the security personnel in the proper operation and use of first-aid hose
reel provided at each floor level and fire extinguishers. Also train them in switching on
the fire pump, at ground/basement level and also the booster pump at terrace level, and
the method of summoning the Fire Brigade Department in the event of a fire.
 Keep always closed the fire doors of staircases, main entrance to the factory building/
company
 All the fire protection installations such as fire pumps, wet riser-cum-downcomer,
sprinkler installation, fire extinguishers etc should be kept in a good state. Timely use of
these will help in controlling/extinguishing the fires in the early stages, thereby
minimising life losses and property losses.
 Always maintain good house keeping.
 Ground all the lifts, including FIRE LIFT, in case of a fire.
 Practice evacuation drills periodically.
 Irrespective of the magnitude of fire, summon the Fire Brigade at the earliest.
 Seek the advice and guidance of Fire Brigade Department in the matter of fire safety.
 In case of fire, guide the Fire Brigade Department personnel about the location and extent
of fire, information about trapped persons, if any, and provide any other information they
may request. Help them to help you.
 Remember, FIREMAN IS YOUR FRIEND .

Dont's

 Do not allow encroachments or storages in the courtyards of the building. Open

courtyards are required for placing and operating the fire and rescue appliances in case of
emergency.
 Do not allow storages or obstructions in the common corridors and staircases. These exit
routes, if maintained clear, will help easy escape in case of fire.
  Do not allow the Fire doors of the staircases to be kept open. In case of fire, heat and
smoke enters the staircases and prevent the escape of people.
 In case of fire, do not use LIFTS for escape. They may fail midway trapping people
inside. Use only staircases.
 Do not allow Electric Meter Rooms to be used as storages, dumping places or as living
quarters for servants. They are potential fire hazards.
 During Diwali Season, do not keep any combustibles in the balconies. Do not dry clothes
in the balconies or outside the building line. Flying crackers have caused serious fires.
 Do not use the basement for any purpose other than permitted purpose. Because of ill-
ventilation, habitation or working in the basement will make a death trap for people.
 Continuous electrical ducts through the height of the building enable the fire to spread
from one floor to another. Seal them at each floor slab level.
 Do not allow Air-Condition ducting to pass through one floor to another, because fire,
heat and smoke travel through these ducts and spread to the other part of the building.
Sectionalise them, as far as practical even on a particular floor, so as to limit the spread of
fire, heat and smoke, and minimise the damages.
 Never paint or coat fire detectors or sprinkler heads. If done, they will become
ineffective.
 Do not re-enter the ire affected building to collect the valuables or for any other purpose.
It may cost your life.
 Do not decorate walls and ceilings of common corridors with combustible material such
as wooden paneling etc. They create unwarranted fire risk in the escape route in case of
fire.
 Do not allow Fire fighting tanks to be misused or remain empty. Do not block access to
the tank. You/Fire Service may need them for use at any moment.
 Avoid damage to wet riser system. It has been provided for your use to extinguish/check
spread of fire before arrival of Fire Brigade. It's good maintenance ensures your safety.
 Do not 'switch off' Fire/Smoke Detection System. This may lead to fire remaining
unnoticed till it assumed large magnitude
 Do not 'switch off' electricity of the entire building in the event of a fire. This will cause
stoppage of all the fire protection and fire fighting system installed in the building.
 Do not carry out additions and alteration in the building. Consult Fire Brigade before
undertaking such works.

Training

A BRIEF PROFILE OF THE STATE FIRE TRAINING CENTRE

The subject of Fire Services in the State of Maharashtra is vested with the Urban Local Bodies.
Accordingly the provisions exist in the Bombay Municipal Corporation Act, 1888, Maharashtra
Provincial Municipal Corporation Act, 1949 maintained as the Maharashtra Regional Town and
Industrial Township Planning Act 1966. In addition to this, as per the directives of the State
Government, other Special Planning Authorities like MIDC & CIDCO manage the Fire Services
for their areas. It was always under the consideration of the State Govt. to establish a full-fledge
State Fire Training Centre. It took about 30 plus long years to emerge Nucleus State Training
Centre near the Vidyanagari Complex at Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai. This Training Centre
was provided approximately 24 acres of land near Kalina Campus. Due to various reasons,
Training Centre has not coped up in a way, it was expected, however this land has been allotted
to Police Department. 1.25 acres of land is reserved for the State Fire Training Center. Few
photographs of the Training Centre are enclosed herewith.

 LOCATION:
The State Fire Training Centre is established in Santacruz (East) approximately 05 kms.
away from the Santacruz Railway Station and in the close proximity of the Complex of
Mumbai University. It is 3 kms. away from the National & International Airports.
Though it is within Mumbai, it enjoys a very silent and peaceful location.
 INFRASTRUCTURE:
The Training Centre has one Classroom having capacity to accommodate 75 students
with all the Audio & Visuals required for the Training such as OHP, TV, D.V.D. There
are 3 Dormitories having capacity to accommodate 50 Trainees.
 APPLIANCES & EQUIPMENTS:
The Training Centre maintains a well-equipped Fire Engine, 1 Troop Carriers, 2
conventional vehicles & Trailer Pump and other all the basic requirements for the Fire
Fighting Training.
 STAFF:
The Training Centre is headed by the Fire Advisor to Govt. of Maharashtra and is having
following staff. In addition to this paid staff, Mumbai has a great advantage of Faculties
from the multi-discipline areas from the various Fire Services such as for Civic Fire
Services, we have the M.C.G.M. Fire Department, for Nuclear Hazards, we have
B.A.R.C. Fire Services Experts, for Industrial Fire Hazards, we have experts from MIDC,
MSEB, R.C.F. and such other Industries, for Oil & highly inflammable Chemicals, we
have experts from the Bombay Harbor, For Air Port & Sea Ports, also experts from the
Air-Port Authorities and Sea-Port Authorities extend valuable combination due to which
the Training Centre has been able to deliver quality products and has been able to
maintain the quality of Training on sustain basis. So far the Training Centre has
 conducted about 110 number of courses of different types and has been able to produce
so many Fire Fighters not only for the State of Maharashtra but even for the other States.
 ACHIEVEMENT:
This Training Centre has achieved an excellent rating by the Fire Advisor to Govt. of
India, Director General Civil Defence and the Director, National Fire Service College,
who has personally visited the Training Centre. The major achievement of this Training
Centre is - in the year June, 2003 we have been able to commence the Sub-Officers'
course from the National Fire Service College, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India
and Govt. of India had declared the Centre as "Regional Training Centre" to cater the
need of neighbouring States.
 FUTURE PLAN:
A proposal is approved by Govt. of India for according the permission for re-
appropriation of grants received under the 11th & 12th Finance Commission for the
utilization of the physical infrastructure of the State Fire Service Academy by raising
atleast a 7 storied buildings accommodating 50 hostel rooms, 4 class-rooms, 3
Conference Rooms, good Canteen & Cafeteria, which can house the Modern Fire
appliances. The work of this project on deposit contribution basis has been given to
MMRDA and Govt. of Maharashtra has already paid about Rs.10.82 crore to MMRDA
for this project. The University of Mumbai has already agreed in principle to commence a
full-fledge degree course of B.Sc. (Fire Technology) at par with the National Fire Service
College.
 LONG-TERM PLAN:
With a clear vision and mission and with a intention to address the need of State to
produce the required skill set and knowledge set, manpower to cope up with likely
natural and man-made disasters, the State may have to cope up with.
 SHORT-TERM PLAN:
As a possible action plan is to create atleast 8 to 10 Specialized Search & Rescue Teams
to cope up with Natural Disasters such as earthquake, landslides, building collapse etc.
The Training Center is striving to create the Teams for the spills Disasters such as Oil
spills and hazardous industrial accidents & Road, Rail accidents.