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    Topic: Bronchitis: Pathophysiology

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    Edson John Demayo
    Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, causing coughing up of thickened mucus. It can be acute, developing from a cold and usually improving within 10 days, or chronic, a more serious condition often due to smoking that requires medical attention. Risk factors include cigarette smoke, low resistance from other illnesses, occupational irritant exposure, and gastric reflux.

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    Topic: Bronchitis: Pathophysiology

    Uploaded by

    Edson John Demayo
    94 views3 pages
    Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, causing coughing up of thickened mucus. It can be acute, developing from a cold and usually improving within 10 days, or chronic, a more serious condition often due to smoking that requires medical attention. Risk factors include cigarette smoke, low resistance from other illnesses, occupational irritant exposure, and gastric reflux.

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    Bronchitis

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    Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, causing coughing up of thickened mucus. It can be acute, developing from a cold and usually improving within 10 days, or chronic, a more serious condition often due to smoking that requires medical attention. Risk factors include cigarette smoke, low resistance from other illnesses, occupational irritant exposure, and gastric reflux.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    94 views3 pages

    Topic: Bronchitis: Pathophysiology

    Uploaded by

    Edson John Demayo
    Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, causing coughing up of thickened mucus. It can be acute, developing from a cold and usually improving within 10 days, or chronic, a more serious condition often due to smoking that requires medical attention. Risk factors include cigarette smoke, low resistance from other illnesses, occupational irritant exposure, and gastric reflux.

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    Topic: Bronchitis

    is an inflammation of the lining of your bronchial tubes, which carry air to


    and from your lungs. People who have bronchitis often cough up thickened
    mucus, which can be discolored. Bronchitis may be either acute or chronic.

    Often developing from a cold or other respiratory infection, acute


    bronchitis is very common. Chronic bronchitis, a more serious condition, is
    a constant irritation or inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes,
    often due to smoking.

    Acute bronchitis, also called a chest cold, usually improves within a week
    to 10 days without lasting effects, although the cough may linger for
    weeks.

    However, if you have repeated bouts of bronchitis, you may have chronic
    bronchitis, which requires medical attention. Chronic bronchitis is one of
    the conditions included in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

    Pathophysiology:

    Inflammation

    Bradykinin Histamine
    Prostagladin

    Capillary Permeability

    Fluid/Cellular Exudation

    Edema of mucous
    membrane

    Hypersecreation of
    mucus

    Persistent
    Cough
    Risk Factors:

     Cigarette smoke. People who smoke or who live with a smoker


    are at higher risk of both acute bronchitis and chronic bronchitis.
     Low resistance. This may result from another acute illness, such
    as a cold, or from a chronic condition that compromises your immune
    system. Older adults, infants and young children have greater
    vulnerability to infection.
     Exposure to irritants on the job. Your risk of developing
    bronchitis is greater if you work around certain lung irritants, such as
    grains or textiles, or are exposed to chemical fumes.
     Gastric reflux. Repeated bouts of severe heartburn can irritate
    your throat and make you more prone to developing bronchitis.

    Signs and Symptoms:

     Cough
     Production of mucus (sputum), which can be clear, white,
    yellowish-gray or green in color — rarely, it may be streaked
    with blood
     Fatigue
     Shortness of breath
     Slight fever and chills
     Chest discomfort

    Nursing Diagnosis Nursing Intervention Rationale


    Ineffective airway clearance Independent: 1. To maintain satisfactory
    related to excessive, thickened 1. Administer humidified O2 by oxygenation.
    mucous secretions. tent, facemask or cannula.
    2. To detect early or
    2. Closely monitor O2 sat and impending hypoxia.
    ABG via pulse oximetry.

    3. Closely monitor percentage 3. High levels may depress


    of O2 delivered. respirations.

    4. Establish IV infusion.
    1. For administration of meds
    and hydration.

    5. Position patient high fowlers, 5. This position is more


    provide overbed table pillows on comfortable for a child.
    which to lean. Promotes lung expansion.

    6. Closely monitor vital signs 6. To promote maximum


    before, during and after drug efficacy and minimal side
    administration. effects.

    7. Interview the parent to 7. To avoid possible overdose.


    determine medications given
    before admission.

    8. Have emergency equipment 8. To prevent delay in tx.


    and medications readily
    available.
    Dependent:
    1. Administer aerosolized 1. To relieve bronchospasm.
    bronchodilators and either
    oral/IV costicosteroids as
    prescribed

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