GRAMMAR REFERENCE - Present Perfect (+ Answer Key)

PROGRAMA DE IDIOMAS
ENGLISH III
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

We use the present perfect simple to talk about general or personal experiences.
I have had many different jobs.
We do not usually refer to a specific time when we use the present perfect simple.
We only know that the action (or actions) happened before now.
I have visited my countries. (= in my life)
We use the past simple when we refer to a specific time.

I worked as a waitress last summer.
We make the present perfect simple with have/has + past participle.
AFFIRMATIVE & NEGATIVE

‘ve
I
haven’t
‘s worked abroad
he/she/it
has
‘ve
you/we/they
haven’t
QUESTIONS
Yes/No questions
Have you worked abroad? Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.
Has he worked abroad? Yes, he has/ No, he hasn’t
have I
Where has he/she/it worked abroad?
have you/we/they
We use ever in questions when we want to ask about a person’s life up to the present time.
Have you ever worked in a restaurant?
(ever = at any time in your life)
1
Already & yet
We can use the present perfect simple with already and yet.
We use already in positive sentences and we usually put it before the past participle.
We use already with completed actions that happened before now or sooner than expected.
I’ve already found a job.
She’s already finished her studies.
We use yet in questions and negative sentences and we put it at the end of the sentence.
We use yet to ask if an action is complete or tos ay that it is not complete. We use it when we think the action
will happen soon.
Have you read your horoscope yet?
I haven’t checked my mailbox yet.
PRACTICE
A. Write the past simple and past participle of these irregular verbs in the chart.
B. Use the past participles from the chart to complete the sentences:
Example: Have you ever sung karaoke?
1. We’ve never ________________________________the cinema before the end of a film.

2. My girlfriend has never ______________________octopus before.
3. Has your boyfriend ever _____________________your birthday?
4. Have you ever ______________________glasses?
5. I’ve never __________________my leg.
6. My friend hasn’t _______________the homework.
2
C. Write a suitable sentence using the present perfect.
1. Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it’s clean. (wash)  Ann has washed her hair
2. Tom was 80 kg. Now he’s 70. (lose weight) _______________________________
3. My sister is looking for her pen. (lose) ___________________________________
4. Look! Mrs. Smith has got a lot of packages. (buy) ______________________________________
5. Bill played football yesterday. Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster. (break) _______________________
D. Complete the dialogue with the correct present perfect form.
A: Have you 1_____________________ (ever/ travel) to study in Barcelona?

B: No, I 2_______________ .
A: 3__________ the Principal _____________ (speak) to your parents yet?
B: No, he 4________. However, my parents 5_______________ (already / accept) my trip to Barcelona.
6
A: _____ your parents ____________ (buy) your ticket?
B: Yes, they 7______. They 8____________ (just / buy) it.
E. Fill in the blanks with already or yet.

1
1. He hasn’t called us _______________ .
2
2. John has _______________ bought the tickets for the football match.
3 4
3. Has she done it _______________? No, not _______________.
5
4. A: Haven’t they arrived _______________?
6
B: Oh, yes. They have _______________ arrived.
7
5. Hurry up! The class has _______________ started.
BEEN vs. GONE

I’ve been to Italy. (‘ve = have)
My sister’s gone to Italy to study Italian. (‘s = has)
Been (past participle of “be”) and gone (past participle of “go”) have different meanings.
- In the present perfect, to say that somebody has visited a place at some point in life we say … been to
(NOT gone to)
 I’ve been to the USA three times - Have you been to that new bar downtown?
- We use …gone to when somebody goes to a place and is still there.

 My parents have gone to the USA. They don’t come back until next week.
3
PRACTICE
CIRCLE the correct form.
Let’s go to the “Peking Duck”. I’ve never been / gone there.
1. The secretary isn’t here. She’s gone / been to the bank.

2. I’ve never gone / been to the USA.
3. My neighbors aren’t at home. They’ve gone / been on holiday.
4. Have you ever gone / been abroad?
5. We have lots of food. We’ve gone / been to the supermarket.
ANSWER KEY
A.
broke broken
did done
ate eaten
fell fallen
forgot forgotten
went gone
left left
spoke spoken
sang sung
took taken
wore worn
B.
6. left
7. eaten
8. forgotten
9. worn
10. broken
11. done
4
C. Sample answers
1. Ann has washed her hair. / Ann’s washed her hair.
2. He has lost weight. / He’s lost weight.
3. She has lost her pen. / She’s lost her pen.
4. She has bought a lot of things. / She’s bought a lot of things.
5. He has broken his leg. / He’s broken his leg.
D.
A: Have you ever traveled to study in Barcelona?
B: No, I haven’t
A: Has the Principal spoken to your parents yet?
B: No, he hasn’t. However, my parents have already accepted my trip to Barcelona.
A: Have your parents bought your ticket?
B: Yes, they have. They have just bought it.
E.
1. yet
2. already
3. yet
4. yet
5. yet
6. already
7. already
BEEN vs. GONE
1. gone
2. been
3. gone
4. been
5. been

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PROGRAMA DE IDIOMAS

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

I have had many different jobs.

We use the past simple when we refer to a specific time.

We make the present perfect simple with have/has + past participle.

AFFIRMATIVE & NEGATIVE

1. We’ve never ________________________________the cinema before the end of a film.

D. Complete the dialogue with the correct present perfect form.

A: Have you 1_____________________ (ever/ travel) to study in Barcelona?

E. Fill in the blanks with already or yet.

BEEN vs. GONE

- We use …gone to when somebody goes to a place and is still there.

1. The secretary isn’t here. She’s gone / been to the bank.

BEEN vs. GONE

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