5G Architecture and Specifications
5G Architecture and Specifications
5G Architecture and Specifications
4G & 5G NEW RADIO (NR) END TO END (E2E) NETWORK ARCHITECTURE END TO END (E2E) NETWORK SLICING ARCHITECTURE viavisolutions.com/5G
NB-IoT
Parking
House
Examples of Service Adaptive Slices with Dynamic Deployments of Flexible Radio, RAN, Backend
Core functions and Transport, Data Centers resources
LTE/5G V2N
Radio Access Fiber, PON, E-UTRAN MEC Core Network
E2E Network Slice Lifecycle Management
Network (RAN) WDM, TSN
Multi-Access
Edge 4.5G EPC 3GPP (Radio, RAN, Core) &
OSS/BSS SDN-C Data Lake eMBB
Traffic lights,
road side
LTE/5G I2N
Edge cloud
S5/ non-3GPP (Transport xHAUL, Data Center) network domains Importance
xHAUL TRANSPORT
Computing (C-Core) NFVO & Analytics infrastructure LTE/5G
4.5G eNB S11 S8-C SGi-C
A High H
4.5G LTE W1-C/U Enhanced Mobile P2N
CU SGi-C
Broadband
4.5G LTE W1-C/U S1-MME MME SGW-C PGW-C TDF-C
AU/RU DU X2-C X2-U Medium
4.5G eMBB Function Split between Central Unit (CU) and
Reference sources: 3GPP TS 23.285 - Figure 4.2.1.1-1, Figure 4.2.2-1a, Figure 4.2.2-1b
4G LTE C-V2X control
and applications
eMBMS
Planned for 3GPP R15 5G NR Dec 2018 late-drop release Planned for 3GPP R15 5G NR Random access preamble (msg1) [PRACH] 3GHz to 6GHz 8 15kHz 5 (1ms)
S1 Varies depending on services requirements Diameter Diameter TS 22.186: Service requirements for enhanced V2X scenarios
(FR1)
Jun 2018 release Random access response (RAR) (Msg2) [PDSCH] 30kHz 10 (0.5ms) (<1ms ... 10ms) 1
Bandwidth and Latency figures are obtained and derived from 3GPP TR 38.801 V14.0.0 (2017-03) Table A-1
SCTP SCTP TS 23.285: Architecture enhancements for V2X services
Msg3 [PUSCH]
Option 4/4a Option 7/7a/7x Option 5 > 6GHz (FR2) 64 120kHz 40 (0.125ms) MME S-GW A Example use case: fixed wireless in FR2. CU can be cloudified pretty easily TS 33.185: Security aspect for LTE support of V2X services
Msg4 [PDSCH] 4G EPC Transport Transport
5G NGC 5G NGC 5G NGC 240kHz 80 (62.5us) TR 37.885: Study on evaluation methodology of new V2X use
S1-U B Example use case: mobility and to improve spectral efficiency in FR1.
cases for LTE & NR
Radio Link (and Beam) Monitoring 239 P
S1-MME/S1-U Example variants of
B Option 3a/3x
L is the maximum number of SS/PBCH blocks within a C possible CU-DU splits Interface complexity may depend on amount of signalling information exchanged between CU and DU and
4G ng-eNB 5G gNB 4G ng-eNB 5G SgNB RLM-RS (Radio Link Monitoring) single SS burst set per cell 192
H
Specifications - Protocols Reference Points
4G ng-eNB Option 3 – expected to decrease from option 6 to option 7-1. DU complexity and therefore cost expected to decrease
(SN) (MN) (MN) (SN) SS/PBCH blocks - SSB and/or CSI-RS Periodic
5G NR SS and PBCH Block Bandwidth SSB SSB
182 P P X2-C/U 5G gNB gNB E1 gNB from option 6 to option 7-1 TS 24.385: V2X services Management Object (MO)
Subcarrier
P
B
S
B 4G MeNB (CU) SgNB
FR1: Case A – 15kHz SCS: 3.6MHz S
S
C
S
S C
Option 3/3x (CU) (CU-C) (CU-U)
Number
Option 6 (MAC-PHY), Option 7 (Intra-PHY) Possible, Non-
Beam Failure Recovery FR1: Case B – 30kHz SCS: 7.2MHz H H (en-gNB) TS 24.386: User Equipment (UE) to V2X Control Function Protocol aspects; Stage 3 SDP V3
FR1: Case C – 30kHz SCS: 7.2MHz 56 MeNB TS 29.388: V2X Control Function to HSS aspects (V4); Stage 3 V4
Beam Sweeping HLS-F1-C/U
Exhaustive, Functional Split Options for DL (left) and UL (right)
Beam Failure Recovery Request [PUCCH] FR2: Case D – 120kHz SCS: 28.8MHz 47 P
FR2: Case E – 240kHz SCS: 57.6MHz B
4G LTE-Advanced Pro
Option 7-2 Channel estimation/ (3GPP R15 SI,
Network (RAN) Modulation: Uplink 64 Enhanced LAA for LTE (LAA E-UTRAN Ultra Reliable Low Radio Resource Control RRC: 3GPP TS 36.331 NR-RRC: 3GPP TS 38.331 RAN – S1 S1-MME (S1-AP): 3GPP TS 36.413 MME eNB Equalization eCPRI 1.0 (IU)
(3GPP R15 SI) xRAN.org)
evolution QAM Uplink) Latency Communication Frame Size, Subframe 10ms, 1ms 10ms, 1ms Core S1-MME (EPS NAS): 3GPP TS 24.301 3GPP TS 22.186 Vehicles Platooning1 Advanced Driving2 Extended Sensors3 Remote Driving4
Licensed-Assisted Enhanced FD-MIMO 32TX (URLLC) RAN Size S1-U: 3GPP TS 29.281
Packet Data Convergence PDCP: 3GPP TS 36.323 NR-PDCP: 3GPP TS 38.323 eCPRI 1.0 (llD) Pre-coding Max end-to-end latency (ms) 10-25 3 3-100 5
Access (LAA Downlink) CBRS 3.5GHz band for LTE in LAA/eLAA for the CBRS 3.5GHz
Protocol Waveform OFDM UL/DL: CP-OFDM Inter base X2 X2-AP: 3GPP TS 36.423 eNB eNB
Elevation the United States Enhanced LTE Support for Option 7-1 Reliability (%) 90-99.99 99.999 95-99.999 99.999
UL: DFT-spread OFDM RE mapping RE de-mapping
Beamforming/Full- Aerial Vehicles Radio Link Control RLC: 3GPP TS 36.322 NR-RLC: 3GPP TS 38.322 stations X2-U: 3GPP TS 38.425 (TS 29.281) MeNB en-gNB/ (3GPP R15 SI, xRAN.org)
Dimension (FD-MIMO) eNB(s) Architecture Evolution Multiplexing FDD/TDD FDD & Dynamic TDD SgNB Data Rate 12kbps-65Mbps 30Mbps 10-1000Mbps (1Gbps) UL: 25Mbps
16TX for E-UTRAN and NG-RAN Option 7-1 DL: 1Mbps
IFFT/CP addition FFT/CP removal
Medium Access Control MAC: 3GPP TS 36.321 NR-MAC: 3GPP TS 38.321 CU DU W1 W1-AP: 3GPP TS 37.473 eNB-CU eNB-DU (DL only) (3GPP R15 SI, xRAN.org)
Core Network Dedicated Core Dedicated Core Networks E-UTRAN Ultra Reliable Low Channel Modulation Downlink: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM , π/2-BPSK (Transform precoding Min required communication 80-350 meters 500 meters 50-1000 meters (1km) N/A
Higher W1-U: in progress ng-eNB-CU ng-eNB-DU range5 2.2-9.7 seconds 13.8 seconds 1.4-27.7 seconds
evolution Networks (DECOR) (DECOR) enhancements Latency Communication 1024QAM enabled in the UL)
Control and User Plane (URLLC) Core (EPC) Physical Layer PHY NR-PHY Layer Split RF
Uplink: 256QAM QPSK for control channels and signals 1: Cooperative driving for vehicle platooning Information exchange between a group of UEs
Separation of EPC nodes (HLS)
Source: 3GPP TR 38.816 V15.0.0 (2017-12), Digital to Analog Analog to Digital 2: Emergency trajectory alignment between UEs
(CUPS) Physical channels and 3GPP TS 36.211 3GPP TS 38.211 Channel Coding Data: Turbo Data: LDPC RAN – NG NG-C (NG-AP): 3GPP TS 38.413 NGC NG-RAN Figure 4.2-1 3: Sensor information sharing between UEs
Additional references 4: Information exchange between a UE supporting V2X application and a V2X Application Server) absolute speed of up to 250 km/h
modulation Control: Control: Downlink – Polar Code Core NG-C (5GS NAS): 3GPP TS 24.501 Analog BF Analog BF
Release 15 (Stage 3 Freeze Jun 2018), Release 15 Late Drop (Stage 3 Freeze Dec 2018) NG-U: 3GPP TS 29.281
xRAN Forum: Fronthaul working group 5: meters, seconds, (130km/h)
Multiplexing and channel 3GPP TS 36.212 3GPP TS 38.212 Convolutional Uplink – Block and Polar (higher rates) Codes whitepaper, October 2017
• FR1: 450MHz – 6GHz • Non-Standalone (NSA) • Separation of NR Control Plane reception 3GPP TS 38.101-3: Part 3: Range 1 and Range 2 Interworking Numerology Static Based on exponentially scalable sub-carrier spacing Δf = 2 × 15 kHz µ
Slot Duration 0.5ms each slot Normal Cyclic Prefix: 14 Symbols – supported for All SCS Option 3x LDPC Low-Density Parity- Function
Physical layer; General 3GPP TS 36.201 3GPP TS 38.201 NAS1, 2 Data (IP) BWP Bandwidth Part Check PFCP Packet Forwarding
description Extended Cyclic Prefix: 12 Symbols – supported for SCS 60kHz NR-
S5/S8-U SGi-U SGi-U
Control Plane TSN Time-Sensitive
NR-RRC SDAP1 PDCP3, S1-U CBRS Citizens Broadband LLS Lower Layer Split Networking
5GS- Radio Service PGW PDN Gateway
Services provided by the 3GPP TS 36.302 3GPP TS 38.202 Slots per Subframe 2 Number of Slots per Subframe depends on the Sub-carrier spacing NR-RRC
NR-PDCP3 NAS2
5G SgNB Option 3a/3x SGW-U PGW-U TDF-U MAC Medium Access TTI Transmission Time
physical layer (SCS) CoMP Coordinated Control PHY Physical Layer Interval
µ=0: 15 kHz SCS: 1 ms slot, 1 slot per sub-frame F1-AP GTP-U Xn-AP GTP-U NG-AP GTP-U E1-AP SgNB Localized Distributed User Plane Multipoint
4.5G & 5G ARCHITECTURE User Equipment (UE) 3GPP TS 36.304 3GPP TS 38.304 MBMS Multimedia Broadcast PON Passive Optical UP User Plane
µ=1: 30 kHz SCS: 0.5 ms slot, 2 slots per sub-frame SCTP UDP SCTP UDP SCTP UDP SCTP CP Control Plane Multicast Service Network
NOTE: this core network architecture diagram focuses on Control Plane User Plane
procedures in idle mode µ=2: 60 kHz SCS: 0.25 ms slot, 4 slots per sub-frame UPF User Plane Function
CUPS only and does not show all core network elements
µ=3: 120 kHz SCS: 0.125 ms slot, 8 slots per sub-frame Transport Transport Transport Transport CP Cyclic Prefix MBMS- MBMS Gateway RAN Radio Access Network
SPECIFICATIONS
Multi-RAT Co-Existence 3GPP TR 37.872: Supplementary uplink (SUL) and LTE-NR co-existence GW URLLC Ultra-reliable
µ=4: 240 kHz SCS: 0.0625 ms slot (only used for synchronization, not for CPRI Common Public Radio RAT Radio Access Low Latency
1
Applicable only when the 5G gNB is connected to the 5G NGC
data)
W1-C W1-U X2-C X2-U S 1-MME S 1-U CUPS Protocol Stack and Specifications CU
Interface
Central Unit
MIMO Multiple-Input
Multiple-Output
RLC
Technologies
Vehicle-to-
Channel Bandwidth Max. 20MHz FR1: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100MHz Sx
PDCP3, MME Mobility Management Infrastructure
FR2: 50, 100, 200, 400MHz NAS User RRC CUPS Control and User Entity RMSI Remaining System
4G LTE-Advanced Pro 5G New Radio (NR) Data (IP) 4G LTE-Advanced Pro Plane Separation Information V2N Vehicle-to-Network
only when connected to 5G NGC
Physical Channels & Signals
1
NR- mMTC Massive Machine Type
Maximum Channel Bandwidth Control User
System Architecture 3GPP TS 23.401: GPRS enhancements for 3GPP TS 23.501: System Architecture for the
RRC PDCP3, EPS- Protocols and DC Data Center Communications RRC Radio Resource V2P Vehicle-to-Pedestrian
15 kHz SCS (FR1): 50MHz 2
non-access stratum (NAS) encrypted/ Interface NE1 NE2 Pl ne Pl ne Control
E-UTRAN access 5G System
NR-RRC NAS2 Specifications DN Data Network MN Master Node V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Downlink 30 kHz SCS (FR1): 100MHz PDCP3 ciphered at the NAS protocol layers
3GPP TS 23.402: Architecture enhancements 3GPP TS 23.502: Procedures for the 5G S1-AP GTP-U PFCP GTP-U RSU Roadside Unit
Can be used for estimation of channel- 60 kHz SCS (FR1): 100MHz W1-AP GTP-U EPC Control Sxa, Sxb, Sxc 3GPP TS 29.244 SGW-C SGW-U DU Distributed Unit NAS Non-Access V2X Vehicle-to-Everything
for non-3GPP accesses System Channels NR-PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel
X2-AP GTP-U 3
access stratum (AS) encrypted/ciphered at
state information (CSI) to further 60 kHz SCS (FR2): 200MHz – EPC User and combined PGW-C PGW-U UDP UDP
Stratum SA Standalone
NR-PBCH: Physical Broadcast Channel prepare feedback reporting to gNB to
SCTP UDP the PDCP protocol layers for control and user eCPRI Enhanced Common WDM Wavelength-division
120 kHz SCS (FR2): 400MHz SCTP UDP SCTP UDP
Plane Sxa/Sxb TDF-C TDF-U
Policy and Charging 3GPP TS 23.203: Policy and charging control 3GPP TS 23.503: Policy and Charging NR-PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel assist in MCS selection, beamforming, plane; user plane PDCP compressed Public Radio NB-IoT Narrow Band SCS Sub carriers multiplexing
Transport Transport Transport Tr nsport Interface Internet of Things Spacing
Control architecture Control Framework for the 5G System; MIMO rank selection and resource Bandwidth Part (BWP) Not applicable BWP consists of a group of contiguous physical resource blocks (PRBs)
allocation. CSI-RS also can be used for
5G New Radio (NR)