Building Type 2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial

W2 These buildings are commercial or industrial buildings with a floor area of 5,000 square feet or
more. Building loads are heavier than light frame construction, and framing spans are long.
There are few, if any, interior walls. The floor and roof framing consists of wood or steel trusses,
glulam or steel beams, and wood posts or steel columns. Lateral forces are resisted by wood
diaphragms and exterior stud walls sheathed with plywood, stucco, plaster, straight or diagonal
wood sheathing, or braced with rod bracing. Large openings for storefronts and garages, when
present, are framed by post-and-beam framing. Lateral force resistance around openings is
provided by steel rigid frames or diagonal bracing.
Building Type 8: Concrete Moment Frame

C1 `These buildings consist of a frame assembly of cast-in-place concrete beams and columns.
Floor and roof framing consists of cast-in-place concrete slabs, concrete beams, one-way joists,
two-way waffle joists, or flat slabs. Lateral forces are resisted by concrete moment frames that
develop their stiffness through monolithic beam-column connections. In older construction, or
in regions of low seismicity, the moment frames may consist of the column strips of two-way
flat slab systems. Modern frames in regions of high seismicity have joint reinforcing, closely
spaced ties, and special detailing to provide ductile performance. This detailing is not present in
older construction. Foundations consist of concrete spread footings or deep pile foundations.
Building Type 9 : Concrete Shear Wall Buildings

C2 These buildings have floor and roof framing that consists of cast-in-place concrete slabs,
concrete beams, one-way joists, two-way waffle joists, or flat slabs. Floors are supported on
concrete columns or bearing walls. Lateral forces are resisted by cast-in-place concrete shear
walls. In older construction, shear walls are lightly reinforced, but often extend throughout the
building. In more recent construction, shear walls occur in isolated locations and are more
heavily reinforced with boundary elements and closely spaced ties to provide ductile
performance. The diaphragms consist of concrete slabs and are stiff relative to the walls.
Foundations consist of concrete spread footings or deep pile foundations.
Building Type 12 : Precast Concrete Frames

PC2 These buildings consist of a frame assembly of precast concrete girders and columns with the
presence of shear walls. Floor and roof framing consists of precast concrete planks, tees or
double-tees supported on precast concrete girders and columns. Lateral forces are resisted by
precast or cast-in-place concrete shear walls. Diaphragms consist of precast elements
interconnected with welded inserts, cast-in-place closure strips, or reinforced concrete topping
slabs.
3.7.8 Basic Structural Checklist For Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames

Building System

C NC N/A LOAD PATH: The structure shall contain one complete load path
for
Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy for seismic force effects from
any horizontal direction that serves to transfer the inertial forces
from the mass to the foundation. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.1.1)

C NC N/A ADJACENT BUILDINGS: An adjacent building shall not be located

next to the structure being evaluated closer than 4% of the height
for
Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec.4.3.1.2)

C NC N/A MEZZANINES: Interior mezzanine levels shall be braced

independently from the main structure, or shall be anchored to the
lateral-force-resisting elements of the main structure.
(Tier 2: Sec.4.3.1.3)

C NC N/A WEAK STORY: The strength of the lateral-force-resisting system in

any story shall not be less than 80% of the strength in an adjacent
story above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.1)

C NC N/A SOFT STORY: The stiffness of the lateral-force-resisting system in

any story shall not be less than 70% of the stiffness in an adjacent
story above or below or less than 80% of the average stiffness of
the three stories above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.2)

C NC N/A GEOMETRY: There shall be no changes in horizontal dimension of

the lateral-force-resisting system of more than 30% in a story
relative to adjacent stories for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy, excluding one-story penthouses. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.3)

C NC N/A VERTICAL DISCONTINUITIES: All vertical elements in the lateral-

force-resisting system shall be continuous to the foundation.
( Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.4)

C NC N/A MASS: There shall be no change in effective mass more than 50%
from one story to the next for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.5)
C NC N/A TORSION: The distance between the story center of mass and the
story center of rigidity shall be less than 20% of the building width in
either plan dimension for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.6)

C NC N/A DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE: There shall be no visible

deterioration of concrete or reinforcing steel in any of the vertical- or
lateral-force-resisting elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.4)

C NC N/A POST-TENSIONING ANCHORS: There shall be no evidence of

corrosion or spalling in the vicinity of post-tensioning or end fittings.
Coil anchors shall not have been used. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.5)

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A REDUNDANCY: The number of lines of moment frames in each

principal direction shall be greater than or equal to 2 for Life Safety
and Immediate Occupancy. The number of bays of moment frames
in each line shall be greater than or equal to 2 for Life Safety and 3
for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.1.1)

C NC N/A INTERFERING WALLS: All infill walls placed in moment frames

shall
be isolated from structural elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.2.1)

C NC N/A SHEAR STRESS CHECK: The shear stress in the concrete

columns,
calculated using the Quick Check procedure of Section 3.5.3.2,
shall be less than 100 psi or 2 for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.1)

C NC N/A AXIAL STRESS CHECK: The axial stress due to gravity loads in
columns subjected to overturning forces shall be less than 0.10f'c
for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. Alternatively, the axial
stresses due to overturning forces alone, calculated using the
Quick Check Procedure of Section 3.5.3.6, shall be less than
0.30f'c for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.1.4.2)

Connections
C NC N/A CONCRETE COLUMNS: All concrete columns shall be doweled
into
the foundation for Life Safety and the dowels shall be able to
develop the tensile capacity of the column for Immediate
Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.2)

3.7.8S Supplemental Structural Checklist For Building Type C1: Concrete Moment
Frames

This Supplemental Structural Checklist shall be completed when required by Table 3-2.
The Basic Structural Checklist shall be completed prior to completing this Supplemental
Structural Checklist.

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A FLAT SLAB FRAMES: The lateral-force-resisting system shall not

be
a frame consisting of columns and a flat slab/plate without beams.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.3)

C NC N/A PRESTRESSED FRAME ELEMENTS: The lateral-load-resisting

frames shall not include any prestressed or post-tensioned
elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.4)

C NC N/A SHORT CAPTIVE COLUMNS: There shall be no columns at a level

with height/depth ratios less than 50% of the nominal height/depth
ratio of the typical columns at that level for Life Safety and
75% for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.5)

C NC N/A NO SHEAR FAILURES: The shear capacity of frame members

shall
be able to develop the moment capacity at the top and bottom of
the
columns. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.6)

C NC N/A STRONG COLUMN/WEAK BEAM: The sum of the moment

capacity
of the columns shall be 20% greater than that of the beams at
frame joints. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.7)

C NC N/A BEAM BARS: At least two longitudinal top and two longitudinal
 bottom bars shall extend continuously throughout the length of
each frame beam. At least 25% of the longitudinal bars provided at
the joints for either positive or negative moment shall be continuous
throughout the length of the members for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.8)

C NC N/A COLUMN-BAR SPLICES: All column bar lap splice lengths shall be
greater than 35 db for Life Safety and 50 db for Immediate
Occupancy and shall be enclosed by ties spaced at or less than 8
db for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.9)

C NC N/A BEAM-BAR SPLICES: The lap splices for longitudinal beam

reinforcing shall not be located within 1 b/4 of the joints and shall not
be located within the vicinity of potential plastic hinge locations.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.10)

C NC N/A COLUMN-TIE SPACING: Frame columns shall have ties spaced at

or less than d/4 for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy
throughout their length and at or less than 8 d b for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy at all potential plastic hinge locations. (Tier
2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.11)

C NC N/A STIRRUP SPACING: All beams shall have stirrups spaced at or

less
than d/2 for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy throughout their
length. At potential plastic hinge locations stirrups shall be spaced
at or less than the minimum of 8 db or d/4 for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.12)

C NC N/A JOINT REINFORCING: Beam-column joints shall have ties spaced

at or less than 8db for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier
2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.13)

C NC N/A JOINT ECCENTRICITY: There shall be no eccentricities larger than

20% of the smallest column plan dimension between girder and
column centerlines. This statement shall apply to the Immediate
Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.14)

C NC N/A STIRRUP AND TIE HOOKS: The beam stirrups and column ties
shall be anchored into the member cores with hooks of 135° or
more. This statement shall apply to the Immediate Occupancy
Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.4.15)
C NC N/A DEFLECTION COMPATIBILITY: Secondary components shall
have
the shear capacity to develop the flexural strength of the elements
for Life Safety and shall have ductile detailing for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.2)

C NC N/A FLAT SLABS: Flat slabs/plates classified as secondary

components
shall have continuous bottom steel through the column joints for
Life Safety. Flat slabs/plates shall not be permitted for the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.3)

Diaphragms

C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM CONTINUITY: The diaphragms shall not be

composed of split-level floors. In wood buildings, the diaphragms
shall not have expansion joints. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.1)

C NC N/A PLAN IRREGULARITIES: There shall be tensile capacity to

develop
the strength of the diaphragm at re-entrant corners or other
locations of plan irregularities. This statement shall apply to the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.5.1.7)

C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM REINFORCEMENT AT OPENINGS: There shall be

reinforcing around all diaphragms openings larger than 50% of the
building width in either major plan dimension . This statement shall
apply to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.5.1.8)

Connections

C NC N/A LATERAL LOAD AT PILE CAPS: Pile caps shall have top
reinforcement and piles shall be anchored to the pile caps for Life
Safety, and the pile cap reinforcement and pile anchorage shall be
able to develop the tensile capacity of the piles for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.10)
3.7.9 Basic Structural Checklist For Building Type C2: Concrete Shear Wall
Buildings With Stiff Diaphragms

Building System

C NC N/A LOAD PATH: The structure shall contain one complete load path
for
Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy for seismic force effects from
any horizontal direction that serves to transfer the inertial forces
from the mass to the foundation. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.1.1)

C NC N/A MEZZANINES: Interior mezzanine levels shall be braced

independently from the main structure, or shall be anchored to the
lateral-force-resisting elements of the main structure. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.3.1.3)

C NC N/A WEAK STORY: The strength of the lateral-force-resisting-system in

any story shall not be less than 80% of the strength in an adjacent
story, above or below, for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.1)

C NC N/A SOFT STORY: The stiffness of the lateral-force-resisting-system in

any story shall not be less than 70% of the stiffness in an adjacent
story above or below, or less than 80% of the average stiffness of
the three stories above or below for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy.
C NC N/A GEOMETRY: There shall be no changes in horizontal dimension of
the lateral-force-resisting system of more than 30% in a story
relative to adjacent stories for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy,
excluding one-story penthouses. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.3)

C NC N/A VERTICAL DISCONTINUITIES: All vertical elements in the lateral-

force-resisting system shall be continuous to the foundation. (Tier
2: Sec. 4.3.2.4)

C NC N/A MASS: There shall be no change in effective mass more than 50%
from one story to the next for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.5)

C NC N/A TORSION: The distance between the story center of mass and the
story center of rigidity shall be less than 20% of the building width in
either plan dimension for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.6)
C NC N/A DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE: There shall be no visible
deterioration of concrete or reinforcing steel in any of the vertical- or
lateral-force-resisting elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.4)

C NC N/A POST-TENSIONING ANCHORS: There shall be no evidence of

corrosion or spalling in the vicinity of post-tensioning or end fittings.
Coil anchors shall not have been used. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.5)

C NC N/A CONCRETE WALL CRACKS: All existing diagonal cracks in wall

elements shall be less than 1/8" for Life Safety and 1/16" for
Immediate Occupancy, shall not be concentrated in one location,
and shall not form an X pattern. ( Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.9)

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A COMPLETE FRAMES : Steel or concrete frames classified as

secondary components shall form a complete vertical load carrying
system. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.1)

C NC N/A REDUNDANCY: The number of lines of shear walls in each

principal
direction shall be greater than or equal to 2 for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.1.1)

C NC N/A SHEAR STRESS CHECK: The shear stress in the concrete shear
 walls, calculated using the Quick Check procedure of Section
3.5.3.3, shall be less than 100 psi or 2 for Life Safety and
Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.1)

C NC N/A REINFORCING STEEL: The ratio of reinforcing steel area to gross

concrete area shall be greater than 0.0015 in the vertical direction
and 0.0025 in the horizontal direction for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. The spacing of reinforcing steel shall be equal to or
less than 18" for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.4.2.2.2)

Connections

C NC N/A TRANSFER TO SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragms shall be reinforced

and connected for transfer of loads to the shear walls for Life Safety
and the connections shall be able to develop the shear strength
of the walls for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.2.1)

C NC N/A WALL REINFORCING: Walls shall be doweled into the foundation

for Life Safety and the dowels shall be able to develop the strength
of the walls for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.5)
3.7.9S Supplemental Structural Checklist For Building Type C2: Concrete Shear
Wall Buildings With Stiff Diaphragms

This Supplemental Structural Checklist shall be completed when required by Table 3-2.
The Basic Structural

Checklist shall be completed prior to completing this Supplemental Structural Checklist.

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A DEFLECTION COMPATIBILITY: Secondary components shall

have
the shear capacity to develop the flexural strength of the elements
for Life Safety and shall have ductile detailing for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.2)

C NC N/A FLAT SLABS: Flat slabs/plates classified as secondary

components
shall have continuous bottom steel through the column joints for
Life Safety. Flat slabs/plates shall not be permitted for the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.3)

C NC N/A COUPLING BEAMS: The stirrups in all coupling beams over means
of egress shall be spaced at or less than d/2 and shall be anchored
into the core with hooks of 135° or more for Life Safety and
 Immediate Occupancy. In addition, the beams shall have the
capacity in shear to develop the uplift capacity of the adjacent wall
for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.3)

C NC N/A OVERTURNING: All shear walls shall have aspect ratios less than
4
to 1. Wall piers need not be considered. This statement shall apply
to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.2.4)

C NC N/A CONFINEMENT REINFORCING: For shear walls with aspect ratios

greater than 2.0, the boundary elements shall be confined with s
pirals or ties with spacing less than 8 db. This statement shall apply
to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.2.5)

C NC N/A REINFORCING AT OPENINGS: There shall be added trim

reinforcement around all wall openings. This statement shall apply
to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.2.6)

C NC N/A WALL THICKNESS: Thickness of bearing walls shall not be less

than
1/25 the minimum unsupported height or length, nor less than 4".
This statement shall apply to the Immediate Occupancy
Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.7)

Diaphragms

C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM CONTINUITY: The diaphragms shall not be

composed of split-level floors. In wood buildings, the diaphragms
shall not have expansion joints. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.1)

C NC N/A OPENINGS AT SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragm openings immediately

adjacent to the shear walls shall be less than 25% of the wall length
for Life Safety and 15% of the wall length for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.4)

C NC N/A PLAN IRREGULARITIES: There shall be tensile capacity to

develop
the strength of the diaphragm at re-entrant corners or other
locations of plan irregularities. This statement shall apply to the
 Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.5.1.7)

3.7.12 Basic Structural Checklist For Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames With
Shear Walls

Building System

C NC N/A LOAD PATH: The structure shall contain one complete load path
for
Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy for seismic force effects from
any horizontal direction that serves to transfer the inertial forces
from the mass to the foundation. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.1.1)

C NC N/A MEZZANINES: Interior mezzanine levels shall be braced

independently from the main structure, or shall be anchored to the
lateral-force-resisting elements of the main structure. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.3.1.3)

C NC N/A WEAK STORY: The strength of the lateral-force-resisting system in

 any story shall not be less than 80% of the strength in an adjacent
story above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.1)

C NC N/A SOFT STORY: The stiffness of the lateral-force-resisting system in

any story shall not be less than 70% of the stiffness in an adjacent
story above or below or less than 80% of the average stiffness of
the three stories above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.2)

C NC N/A GEOMETRY: There shall be no changes in horizontal dimension of

the lateral-force-resisting system of more than 30% in a story
relative to adjacent stories for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy, excluding one-story penthouses. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.3)

C NC N/A VERTICAL DISCONTINUITIES: All vertical elements in the lateral-

force-resisting system shall be continuous to the foundation. (Tier
2: Sec. 4.3.2.4)

C NC N/A MASS: There shall be no change in effective mass more than 50%
from one story to the next for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.5)

C NC N/A TORSION: The distance between the story center of mass and the
story center of rigidity shall be less than 20% of the building width in
either plan dimension for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.6)
C NC N/A DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE: There shall be no visible
deterioration of concrete or reinforcing steel in any of the vertical- or
lateral-force-resisting elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.4)

C NC N/A POST-TENSIONING ANCHORS: There shall be no evidence of

corrosion or spalling in the vicinity of post-tensioning or end fittings.
Coil anchors shall not have been used. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.5)

C NC N/A CONCRETE WALL CRACKS: All existing diagonal cracks in wall

elements shall be less than 1/8" for Life Safety and 1/16" for
Immediate Occupancy, shall not be concentrated in one location,
and shall not form an X pattern. ( Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.9)

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A COMPLETE FRAMES : Steel or concrete frames classified as

 secondary components shall form a complete vertical load carrying
system. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.1)

C NC N/A REDUNDANCY: The number of lines of shear walls in each

principal
direction shall be greater than or equal to 2 for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.1.1)

C NC N/A SHEAR STRESS CHECK: The shear stress in the concrete shear
walls, calculated using the Quick Check procedure of Section
3.5.3.3, shall be less than 100 psi or 2 for Life Safety and
Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.1)

C NC N/A REINFORCING STEEL: The ratio of reinforcing steel area to gross

concrete area shall be greater than 0.0015 in the vertical direction
and 0.0025 in the horizontal direction for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. The spacing of reinforcing steel shall be equal to or
less than 18" for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.4.2.2.2)

Diaphragms

C NC N/A TOPPING SLAB: Precast concrete diaphragm elements shall be

interconnected by a continuous reinforced concrete topping slab.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.5.1)

Connections

C NC N/A WALL ANCHORAGE: Exterior concrete or masonry walls shall be

anchored for out-of-plane forces at each diaphragm level with steel
anchors or straps that are developed into the diaphragm. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.6.1.1)

C NC N/A TRANSFER TO SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragms shall be reinforced

and connected for transfer of loads to the shear walls for Life Safety
and the connections shall be able to develop the shear strength of
the walls for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.2.1)
C NC N/A TOPPING SLAB TO WALLS OR FRAMES: Reinforced concrete
topping slabs that interconnect the precast concrete diaphragm
elements shall be doweled into the shear wall or frame elements for
Life Safety and the dowels shall be able to develop the shear
strength of the walls or frames for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.6.2.3)

C NC N/A WALL REINFORCING: Walls shall be doweled into the foundation

for Life Safety and the dowels shall be able to develop the strength
of the walls for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.5)

C NC N/A GIRDER/COLUMN CONNECTION: There shall be a positive

connection between the girder and the column support. ( Tier 2:
Sec. 4.6.4.1)

3.7.12S Supplemental Structural Checklist For Building Type

PC2: Precast Concrete Frames With Shear Walls

This Supplemental Structural Checklist shall be completed when required by Table 3-2.
The Basic Structural

Checklist shall be completed prior to completing this Supplemental Structural Checklist.

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A PRECAST FRAMES: For buildings with concrete shear walls,

lateral
forces shall not be resisted by precast concrete frame elements.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.5.2)
C NC N/A PRECAST CONNECTIONS: For buildings with concrete shear
walls,
the connection between precast frame elements such as chords,
ties, and collectors in the lateral-force-resisting system shall
develop the capacity of the connected members. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.1.5.3)

C NC N/A DEFLECTION COMPATIBILITY: Secondary components shall

have
the shear capacity to develop the flexural strength of the elements
for Life Safety and shall have ductile detailing for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.2)

C NC N/A COUPLING BEAMS: The stirrups in all coupling beams over means
of egress shall be spaced at or less than d/2 and shall be anchored
into the core with hooks of 135° or more for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. In addition, the beams shall have the
capacity in shear to develop the uplift capacity of the adjacent wall
for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.3)

C NC N/A OVERTURNING: All shear walls shall have aspect ratios less than
4
to 1. Wall piers need not be considered. This statement shall apply
to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.2.4)

C NC N/A CONFINEMENT REINFORCING: For shear walls with aspect ratios

greater than 2.0, the boundary elements shall be confined with
spirals or ties with spacing less than 8 d b. This statement shall
apply to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.4.2.2.5)

C NC N/A REINFORCING AT OPENINGS: There shall be added trim

reinforcement around all wall openings. This statement shall apply
to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.2.6)

C NC N/A WALL THICKNESS: Thickness of bearing walls shall not be less

than
 1/25 the minimum unsupported height or length, nor less than 4".
This statement shall apply to the Immediate Occupancy
Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.2.7)

Diaphragms

C NC N/A OPENINGS AT SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragm openings immediately

adjacent to the shear walls shall be less than 25% of the wall length
for Life Safety and 15% of the wall length for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.4)

C NC N/A PLAN IRREGULARITIES: There shall be tensile capacity to

develop
the strength of the diaphragm at re-entrant corners or other
locations of plan irregularities. This statement shall apply to the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.5.1.7)
C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM REINFORCEMENT AT OPENINGS: There shall be
reinforcing around all diaphragms openings larger than 50% of the
building width in either major plan dimension . This statement shall
apply to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.5.1.8)

Connections

C NC N/A LATERAL LOAD AT PILE CAPS: Pile caps shall have top
reinforcement and piles shall be anchored to the pile caps for Life
Safety, and the pile cap reinforcement and pile anchorage shall be
able to develop the tensile capacity of the piles for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.10)

C NC N/A CORBEL BEARING: If the frame girders bear on column corbels,

the
length of bearing shall be greater than 3" for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.4.3)

C NC N/A CORBEL CONNECTIONS: The frame girders shall not be

connected
to corbels with welded elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.4.4)

3.7.10 Basic Structural Checklist For Building Type C3: Concrete Frames With
Infill Masonry Shear Walls And Stiff Diaphragms
 Building System

C NC N/A LOAD PATH: The structure shall contain one complete load path
for
Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy for seismic force effects from
any horizontal direction that serves to transfer the inertial forces
from the mass to the foundation. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.1.1)

C NC N/A MEZZANINES: Interior mezzanine levels shall be braced

independently from the main structure, or shall be anchored to the
lateral-force-resisting elements of the main structure. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.3.1.3)

C NC N/A WEAK STORY: The strength of the lateral-force-resisting system in

any story shall not be less than 80% of the strength in an adjacent
story above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.1)

C NC N/A SOFT STORY: The stiffness of the lateral-force-resisting system in

any story shall not be less than 70% of the stiffness in an adjacent
story above or below or less than 80% of the average stiffness of
the three stories above or below for Life-Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.2)

C NC N/A GEOMETRY: There shall be no changes in horizontal dimension of

the lateral-force-resisting system of more than 30% in a story
relative to adjacent stories for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy, excluding one-story penthouses. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.3)

C NC N/A VERTICAL DISCONTINUITIES: All vertical elements in the lateral-

force-resisting system shall be continuous to the foundation. ( Tier
2: Sec. 4.3.2.4)

C NC N/A MASS: There shall be no change in effective mass more than 50%
from one story to the next for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.5)

C NC N/A TORSION: The distance between the story center of mass and the
story center of rigidity shall be less than 20% of the building width in
either plan dimension for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.2.6)
C NC N/A DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE: There shall be no visible
 deterioration of concrete or reinforcing steel in any of the vertical- or
lateral-force-resisting elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.4)

C NC N/A MASONRY UNITS: There shall be no visible deterioration of

masonry units. ( Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.7)

C NC N/A MASONRY JOINTS: The mortar shall not be easily scraped away
from the joints by hand with a metal tool, and there shall be no
areas of eroded mortar. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.8 )

C NC N/A CRACKS IN INFILL WALLS: There shall be no existing diagonal

cracks in infill walls that extend throughout a panel , are greater
than 1/8" for Life Safety and 1/16" for Immediate Occupancy, or
have out-of-plane offsets in the bed joint greater than 1/8" for Life
Safety and 1/16" for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.12)

C NC N/A CRACKS IN BOUNDARY COLUMNS: There shall be no existing

diagonal cracks wider than 1/8" for Life Safety and 1/16" for
Immediate Occupancy in concrete columns that encase masonry
infills. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.3.3.13)

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A REDUNDANCY: The number of lines of shear walls in each

principal
direction shall be greater than or equal to 2 for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.1.1)

C NC N/A SHEAR STRESS CHECK: The shear stress in the reinforced

masonry shear walls, calculated using the Quick Check procedure
of Section 3.5.3.3, shall be less than 50 psi for Life Safety and
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.4.1)

C NC N/A SHEAR STRESS CHECK: The shear stress in the unreinforced

masonry shear walls, calculated using the Quick Check procedure
of Section 3.5.3.3, shall be less than 15 psi for clay units and 30 psi
for concrete units for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy . (Tier
2: Sec. 4.4.2.5.1)

C NC N/A WALL CONNECTIONS: All infill walls shall have a positive

connection to the frame to resist out-of-plane forces for Life Safety
and the connection shall be able to develop the out-of-plane
 strength of the wall for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.4.2.6.1)
Connections

C NC N/A TRANSFER TO SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragms shall be reinforced

and connected for transfer of loads to the shear walls for Life Safety
and the connections shall be able to develop the shear strength of
the walls for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.2.1)

C NC N/A CONCRETE COLUMNS: All concrete columns shall be doweled

into
the foundation for Life Safety and the dowels shall be able to
develop the tensile capacity of the column for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.2)
3.7.10S Supplemental Structural Checklist For Building Type C3: Concrete
Frames With Infill Masonry Shear Walls And Stiff Diaphragms
This Supplemental Structural Checklist shall be completed when required by Table 3-2.
The Basic Structural Checklist shall be completed prior to completing this Supplemental
Structural Checklist.

Lateral Force Resisting System

C NC N/A DEFLECTION COMPATIBILITY: Secondary components shall

have
the shear capacity to develop the flexural strength of the elements
for Life Safety and shall have ductile detailing for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.2)

C NC N/A FLAT SLABS: Flat slabs/plates classified as secondary

components
shall have continuous bottom steel through the column joints for
Life Safety. Flat slabs/plates shall not be permitted for the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.1.6.3)

C NC N/A REINFORCING AT OPENINGS: All wall openings that interrupt

rebar shall have trim reinforcing on all sides. This statement shall
apply to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.4.2.4.3)

C NC N/A PROPORTIONS: The height-to-thickness ratio of the infill walls at

each story shall be less than 9 for Life Safety in regions of high
seismicity, 13 for Immediate Occupancy in regions of moderate
seismicity, and 8 for Immediate Occupancy in regions of high
seismicity. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.6.2)

C NC N/A SOLID WALLS: The infill walls shall not be of cavity construction.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.6.3)

C NC N/A INFILL WALLS: The infill walls shall be continuous to the soffits of
the frame beams. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.4.2.6.4)

Diaphragms

C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM CONTINUITY: The diaphragms shall not be

 composed of split-level floors. In wood buildings, the diaphragms
shall not have expansion joints. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.1)

C NC N/A OPENINGS AT SHEAR WALLS: Diaphragm openings immediately

adjacent to the shear walls shall be less than 25% of the wall length
for Life Safety and 15% of the wall length for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.5.1.4)

C NC N/A PLAN IRREGULARITIES: There shall be tensile capacity to

develop
the strength of the diaphragm at re-entrant corners or other
locations of plan irregularities. This statement shall apply to the
Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.5.1.7)

C NC N/A DIAPHRAGM REINFORCEMENT AT OPENINGS: There shall be

reinforcing around all diaphragms openings larger than 50% of the
building width in either major plan dimension. This statement shall
apply to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.5.1.8)

Connections

C NC N/A LATERAL LOAD AT PILE CAPS: Pile caps shall have top
reinforcement and piles shall be anchored to the pile caps for Life
Safety, and the pile cap reinforcement and pile anchorage shall be
able to develop the tensile capacity of the piles for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.6.3.10)
Geologic Site Hazards And Foundations Checklist
This Geologic Site Hazards and Foundations Checklist shall be completed when
required by Table 3-2.

Geologic Site Hazards

The following statements shall be completed for buildings in regions of high or moderate
seismicity.

C NC N/A LIQUEFACTION: Liquefaction susceptible, saturated, loose

granular
soils that could jeopardize the building's seismic performance shall
not exist in the foundation soils at depths within 50 feet under the
building for Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.7.1.1)

C NC N/A SLOPE FAILURE: The building site shall be sufficiently remote

from
potential earthquake-induced slope failures or rockfalls to be
unaffected by such failures or shall be capable of accommodating
any predicted movements without failure. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.1.2)

C NC N/A SURFACE FAULT RUPTURE: Surface fault rupture and surface

displacement at the building site is not anticipated. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.7.1.3)
Condition of Foundations

The following statement shall be completed for all Tier 1 building evaluations.

C NC N/A FOUNDATION PERFORMANCE: There shall be no evidence of

excessive foundation movement such as settlement or heave that
would affect the integrity or strength of the structure. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.7.2.1)
The following statement shall be completed for buildings in regions of high or moderate
seismicity being evaluated to the Immediate Occupancy Performance Level.

C NC N/A DETERIORATION: There shall not be evidence that foundation

elements have deteriorated due to corrosion, sulfate attack,
material breakdown, or other reasons in a manner that would affect
the integrity or strength of the structure. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.2.2)

Capacity of Foundations

The following statement shall be completed for all Tier 1 building evaluations.

C NC N/A POLE FOUNDATIONS: Pole foundations shall have a minimum

embedment depth of 4 ft. for Life Safety and Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.3.1)

The following statements shall be completed for buildings in regions of high seismicity
and for buildings in regions of moderate seismicity being evaluated to the Immediate
Occupancy Performance Level.

C NC N/A OVERTURNING: The ratio of the effective horizontal dimension, at

the foundation level of the lateral-force-resisting system, to the
building height (base/height) shall be greater than 0.6Sa. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.7.3.2)

C NC N/A TIES BETWEEN FOUNDATION ELEMENTS: The foundation shall

have ties adequate to resist seismic forces where footings, piles,
and piers are not restrained by beams, slabs, or soils classified as
Class A, B, or C. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.3.3)

C NC N/A DEEP FOUNDATIONS: Piles and piers shall be capable of

transferring the lateral forces between the structure and the soil.
This statement shall apply to the Immediate Occupancy
Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.3.4)

C NC N/A SLOPING SITES: The grade difference from one side of the
building
to another shall not exceed one-half the story height at the location
of embedment. This statement shall apply to the Immediate
Occupancy Performance Level only. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.7.3.5)
Nonstructural Checklists

The following checklists are included in this Section:

Basic Nonstructural Component Checklist, and Supplemental Nonstructural Component

Checklist.

These checklists shall be completed when required by Table 3-2. The Basic
Nonstructural Component Checklist shall be completed prior to completing the
Supplemental Nonstructural Component Checklist.

Basic Nonstructural Component Checklist

Partitions

C NC N/A UNREINFORCED MASONRY: Unreinforced masonry or hollow

clay
tile partitions shall be braced at a spacing of equal to or less than
10 feet in regions of low and moderate seismicity and 6 feet in
regions of high seismicity. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.1.1)

Ceiling Systems

C NC N/A INTEGRATED CEILINGS: Integrated suspended ceilings at exits

and corridors or weighing more than 2 lb/ft2 shall be laterally
restrained with a minimum of 4 diagonal wires or rigid members
attached to the structure above at a spacing of equal to or less than
12 ft. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.2.1)

C NC N/A LAY-IN TILES: Lay-in tiles used in ceiling panels located at

exitways
and corridors shall be secured with clips. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.2.2)

C NC N/A SUPPORT: The integrated suspended ceiling system shall not be

used to laterally support the tops of gypsum board, masonry, or
hollow clay tile partitions. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.2.3)
C NC N/A SUSPENDED LATH AND PLASTER: Ceilings consisting of
suspended lath and plaster or gypsum board shall be attached for
each 10 square feet of area. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.2.4)

Light Fixtures
C NC N/A INDEPENDENT SUPPORT: Light fixtures in suspended grid
ceilings shall be supported independently of the ceiling suspension
system by a minimum of two wires at diagonally opposite corners of
the fixtures. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.3.1)

C NC N/A EMERGENCY LIGHTING: Emergency lighting shall be anchored

or
braced to prevent falling or swaying during an earthquake. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.8.3.2)

Cladding and Glazing

C NC N/A CLADDING ANCHORS: Cladding components weighing more than

10 psf shall be anchored to the exterior wall framing at a spacing
equal to or less than 6 ft. for Life Safety and 4 ft. for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.1)

C NC N/A CLADDING ISOLATION: For moment frame buildings of steel or

concrete, panel connections shall be detailed to accommodate a
drift ratio of 0.02 for Life Safety and 0.01 for Immediate Occupancy.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.2)

C NC N/A MULITSTORY PANELS: For multistory panels attached at each

floor level, the panels and connections shall be able to
accommodate a drift ratio of 0.02 for Life Safety and 0.01 for
Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.3)

C NC N/A BEARING CONNECTIONS: Where bearing connections are

required, there shall be a minimum of two bearing connections for
each wall panel. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.4)

C NC N/A INSERTS: Where inserts are used in concrete connections, the

inserts shall be anchored to reinforcing steel. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.5)

C NC N/A PANEL CONNECTIONS: Exterior cladding panels shall be

anchored with a minimum of 2 connections for each wall panel for
Life Safety and 4 connections for Immediate Occupancy. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.8.4.6)
C NC N/A DETERIORATION: There shall be no evidence of deterioration or
 corroding in any of the connection elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.7)

C NC N/A DAMAGE: There shall be no damage to exterior wall cladding.

(Tier
2: Sec. 4.8.4.8)

C NC N/A GLAZING: Glazing in curtain walls and individual panes over 16

square feet in area, located up to a height of 10 feet above an
exterior walking surface, shall be laminated annealed or heat
strengthened safety glass that will remain in the frame when
cracked. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.4.9)

Masonry Veneer

C NC N/A SHELF ANGLES: Masonry veneer shall be supported by shelf

angles or other elements at each floor above the first floor. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.8.5.1)

C NC N/A TIES: Masonry veneer shall be connected to the back-up with

corrosion-resistant ties. The ties shall have a spacing of equal to or
less than 36" for Life Safety and 24" for Immediate Occupancy with
a minimum of one tie for every 2-2/3 square feet. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.5.2)

C NC N/A WEAKENED PLANES: Masonry veneer shall be anchored to the

back-up at locations of flashing. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.5.3)

Parapets, Cornices, Ornamentation and Appendages

C NC N/A URM PARAPETS: There shall be no laterally unsupported

unreinforced masonry parapets or cornices above the highest
anchorage level with height-to-thickness ratios greater than 1.5 in
regions of high seismicity and 2.5 in regions of moderate or low
seismicity. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.8.1)

C NC N/A CANOPIES: Canopies located at building exits shall be anchored

at
a spacing 10 feet for Life Safety and 6 feet for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.8.2)
 Masonry Chimneys

C NC N/A URM: No unreinforced masonry chimney shall extend above the

roof
surface more than twice the least dimension of the chimney. (Tier
2: Sec. 4.8.9.1)

C NC N/A MASONRY: Masonry chimneys shall be anchored to the floor and

roof. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.9.2)

Stairs

C NC N/A URM WALLS: Walls around stair enclosures shall not consist of
unbraced hollow clay tile or unreinforced masonry. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.10.1)

C NC N/A STAIR DETAILS: In moment frame structures, the connection

between the stairs and the structure shall not rely on shallow
anchors in concrete. Alternatively, the stair details shall be capable
of accommodating the drift calculated using the Quick Check
Procedure of Section 3.5.3.1 without inducing tension in the
anchors. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.10.2)

Building Contents and Furnishing

C NC N/A TALL NARROW CONTENTS: Contents with a height-to-depth ratio

greater than 3 for Immediate Occupancy and 4 for Life Safety shall
be anchored to the floor slab or adjacent walls. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.11.1)

Mechanical and Electrical Equipment

C NC N/A EMERGENCY POWER: Equipment used as part of an emergency

power system shall be mounted to maintain continued operation
after an earthquake. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.12.1)

C NC N/A HEAVY EQUIPMENT: Equipment weighing over 20 lb that is

attached to ceilings, walls, or other supports 4 ft. above the floor
level shall be braced. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.12.2)

Piping
C NC N/A FIRE SUPPRESSION PIPING: Fire suppression piping shall be
anchored and braced in accordance with NFPA-13 (NFPA, 1996).
This statement need not be evaluated for buildings in regions of
moderate seismicity being evaluated to the Life Safety Performance
Level . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.13.1)

C NC N/A FLEXIBLE COUPLINGS: Fluid, gas and fire suppression piping

shall
have flexible couplings . This statement need not be evaluated for
buildings in regions of moderate seismicity being evaluated to the
Life Safety Performance Level. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.13.2)

Hazardous Materials Storage and Distribution

C NC N/A TOXIC SUBSTANCES: Toxic and hazardous substances stored in

breakable containers shall be restrained from falling by latched
doors, shelf lips, wires, or other methods . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.15.1)

Supplemental Nonstructural Component Checklist

This Supplemental Nonstructural Component Checklist shall be completed when
required by Table 3-2. The Basic Nonstructural Component Checklist shall be
completed prior to completing this Supplemental Nonstructural Component Checklist.

Partitions

C NC N/A DRIFT: The drift ratio for masonry partitions shall be limited to
0.005.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.1.2)

C NC N/A STRUCTURAL SEPARATIONS: Partitions at structural

separations
shall have seismic or control joints. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.1.3)

C NC N/A TOPS: The tops of framed or panelized partitions that only extend
to the ceiling line shall have lateral bracing to the building structure
at a spacing of equal to or less than 6 feet. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.1.4)

Ceiling Systems

C NC N/A EDGES: The edges of integrated suspended ceilings shall be

separated from enclosing walls by a minimum of 1/2". (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.2.5)
C NC N/A SEISMIC JOINT: The ceiling system shall not extend continuously
across any seismic joint. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.2.6)

Light Fixtures

C NC N/A PENDANT SUPPORTS: Light fixtures on pendant supports shall

be
attached at a spacing of equal to or less than 6 ft. and, if rigidly
supported, shall be free to move without damaging adjoining
materials. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.3.3)

C NC N/A LENS COVERS: Lens covers on fluorescent light fixtures shall be

attached or supplied with safety devices. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.3.4)

Masonry Veneer

C NC N/A MORTAR: The mortar in masonry veneer shall not be easily

scraped
away from the joints by hand with a metal tool, and there shall not
be significant areas of eroded mortar. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.5.4)

C NC N/A WEEP HOLES: Weep holes shall be present and base flashing
shall
be installed. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.5.5)

C NC N/A CORROSION: Corrosion of veneer ties, tie screws, studs, and stud
tracks shall be minimal. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.5.6)

C NC N/A STONE PANELS: Stone panels less than 2 inches nominal

thickness shall be anchored every 2 square feet of area. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.8.5.7)

C NC N/A CRACKS: There shall no be visible cracks or weak veins in the

stone. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.5.8)

Metal Stud Back-Up Systems

C NC N/A STUD TRACKS: Stud tracks shall be fastened to structural walls or

floors at a spacing of equal to or less than 24 inches. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.6.1)
C NC N/A OPENINGS: Additional steel studs shall frame window and door
openings. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.6.2)

Concrete Block and Masonry Back-Up Systems

C NC N/A CONCRETE BLOCK: Concrete block shall qualify as reinforced

masonry. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.7.1)

C NC N/A BACK-UP: Concrete block back-up shall be anchored to the

structural frame at a spacing of equal to or less than 4 feet along
the floors and roof. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.7.2)

C NC N/A URM BACK-UP: There shall not be any unreinforced masonry

back-
up. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.7.3)

Parapets, Cornices, Ornamentation and Appendages

C NC N/A CONCRETE PARAPETS: Concrete parapets with height-to-

thickness ratios greater than 2.5 shall have vertical reinforcement.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.8.3)

C NC N/A APPENDAGES: Cornices, parapets, signs, and other appendages

that extend above the highest anchorage level or cantilever from
exterior wall faces and other exterior wall ornamentation shall be
reinforced and anchored to the structural system at a spacing of
equal to or less than 10 ft. for Life Safety and 6 ft. for Immediate
Occupancy. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.8.4)

Building Contents and Furnishing

C NC N/A FILE CABINETS: File cabinets arranged in groups shall be

attached
to one another. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.11.2)

C NC N/A DRAWERS: Cabinet drawers shall have latches to keep them

closed
during an earthquake. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.11.3)

C NC N/A COMPUTER ACCESS FLOORS: Computer access floors shall be

 braced . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.11.4)

C NC N/A ACCESS FLOORS: Equipment supported on access floor systems

shall be either attached to the structure or fastened to a laterally
braced floor system. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.11.5)

Mechanical and Electrical Equipment

C NC N/A HEAVY EQUIPMENT: Equipment weighing over 100 lb. shall be

anchored to the structure or foundation. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.12.3)

C NC N/A VIBRATION ISOLATORS: Equipment mounted on vibration

isolators shall be equipped with restraints or snubbers. (Tier 2:
Sec. 4.8.12.4)

C NC N/A ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT: Electrical equipment shall be

attached
to the structural system. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.12.5)

Piping

C NC N/A FLUID AND GAS PIPING: Fluid and gas piping shall be anchored
and braced to the structure in accordance with SP-58 (MSS, 1993).
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.13.3)
C NC N/A SHUT-OFF VALVES: Shut-off devices shall be present at building
utility interfaces to shut off the flow of gas and high temperature
energy in the event of earthquake-induced failure. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.13.4)
C NC N/A C-CLAMPS: One-sided C-clamps that support major piping shall
not
be unrestrained. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.13.5)

Ducts

C NC N/A DUCT BRACING: Rectangular ductwork exceeding 6 square feet

in
cross-sectional area, and round ducts exceeding 28" in diameter
shall be braced. Maximum transverse bracing shall not exceed 40
feet for Life Safety and 30 feet for Immediate Occupancy.
Maximum longitudinal bracing shall not exceed 80 feet for Life
Safety and 60 feet for Immediate Occupancy. Intermediate
supports shall not be considered part of the lateral-force-resisting
system. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.14.1)
C NC N/A STAIR AND SMOKE DUCTS: Stair pressurization and smoke flow
of gas and high temperature energy in the event of earthquake-
induced failure. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.13.4)

C NC N/A DUCT SUPPORT: Ducts shall not be supported by piping or other

nonstructural elements. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.14.3)

Hazardous Materials Storage and Distribution

C NC N/A GAS CYLINDERS: Compressed gas cylinders shall be restrained.

(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.15.2)

C NC N/A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS: Piping containing hazardous materials

shall have shut-off valves or other devices to prevent major spills or
leaks. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.15.3)

Elevators

C NC N/A SUPPORT SYSTEM: All elements of the elevator system shall be

anchored . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.1)

C NC N/A SEISMIC SWITCH: All elevators shall be equipped with seismic

switches that will terminate operations when the ground motion
exceeds 0.10g. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.2)

C NC N/A SHAFT WALLS: All elevator shaft walls shall be anchored and
reinforced to prevent toppling into the shaft during strong shaking.
(Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.3)

C NC N/A RETAINER GUARDS: Cable retainer guards on sheaves and

drums
shall be present to inhibit the displacement of cables. (Tier 2: Sec.
4.8.16.4)

C NC N/A RETAINER PLATE: A retainer plate shall be present at the top and
bottom of both car and counterweight. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.5)

C NC N/A COUNTERWEIGHT RAILS: All counterweight rails shall be sized

to
current industry standards and shall be larger than eight-pound
rails. (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.6)
C NC N/A BRACKETS: The brackets that tie the counterweight rail to the
building structure shall be sized to meet industry standards and
shall have a spacing of 8 feet or less . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.7)

C NC N/A SPREADER BRACKET: Spreader brackets shall not be used to

resist seismic forces . (Tier 2: Sec. 4.8.16.8)