SQ4R

SQ4R
Contrary to popular belief, reading material once is not

enough for learning. The keys to learning are organization
and recall, both of which are incorporated in the SQ4R
method. "SQ4R" is an acronym for the steps in the method:
Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Record, and Review.
There is research aplenty on the benefits of SQ4R.1,2 It has been

a proven means of honing study skills. Using SQ4R will help
you to understand what you read and to prepare a written
record of what you learned. The written record will be
valuable when you have to participate in a class discussion
and again when you study for exams. Take a moment now
and note SQ4R down. It is a helpful slogan to commit to
memory to carry out an effective study.
Survey
Surveying is a means of recollecting what you already know
about the topic of a chapter and gets you ready for learning
more. Surveying is synonymous with getting the best overall
picture of what you’re going to study before you study it in
any detail. It’s like looking at a Google map before embarking
1 Basar, M., & Gürbüz, M. (2017). Effect of the SQ4R Technique on the
Reading Comprehension of Elementary School 4th Grade Elementary
School Students. International Journal of Instruction, 10(2), 131-144.
2 Djudin, T., & Amir, R. (2018). Integrating SQ4R Technique with Graphic
Postorganizers in the Science Learning of Earth and Space. Jurnal Pendidikan

IPA Indonesia, 7(1), 76-84.
on a trip. If you don’t know the country, studying a Google
map is the best way to start.
To survey a chapter, read the title, introduction, headings, and

the summary or conclusion. Likewise, observe all visuals such
as pictures, tables, maps or graphs and read the captions that
go with each. By surveying a chapter, you will instantly learn
what the chapter is about.
Question
You need to have questions in your mind as you read.
Questions give you a purpose for reading and help you stay
focused. Fashion questions by changing each chapter heading
into a question. Utilize the words who, what, when, where,
why, or how to form questions. For example, for the heading
"Six-step Strategy of Studying" in a chapter about how SQ4R
improves study skills, you might construct the question
"What are the six steps of SQ4R?" If a heading is stated as a
question, use that question.
When a heading contains more than one idea, form a question

for each idea. Ask yourself questions as you read. As you
answer them, you will better make sense of the material and
remember it more easily because the process will make an
enduring impression on you. Those things that make
impressions carry more weight, and, therefore, are more
easily remembered. Make it a duty to write your questions in
the margins of textbooks, on lecture notes, or wherever it
makes sense.
Read
Read the information that follows each heading to find the
answer to each question you formed. As you do this, you may
decide you need to change a question or turn it into several
questions to be answered. Stay focused and flexible so you can
gather as much information as you need to answer each
question. Reading is not running your eyes over a textbook.
When you read, read actively. Read to answer questions you
have asked yourself or questions the author has asked.
Always be alert to bold or italicised prints. Also, when you
read, be sure to read everything, including tables, graphs and
illustrations. Often times, tables, graphs and illustrations can
convey an idea more powerfully than written text.
Recite
When you recite, you stop reading periodically to recall what
you have read. Try to recall main headings, important ideas
of concepts presented in bold or italicised type, and what
graphs, charts or illustrations indicate. Try to develop an
overall concept of what you have read in your own words and
thoughts. Try to connect things you have just read to things
you already know. When you do this periodically, the chances
are you will remember much more and be able to recall
materials for papers, essays and exams.
Record
Once you’ve understood the material and can summarize it in
your own words, the next step is to record the information in
some way. Create a bullet-point outline for everything. Write
relevant details in the margins. Highlight. Whichever method
or combination of methods you choose to use, read and
understand the material first, and then go back and record.
This will capture the most essential information and serve as
a study guide for your exam preparation. The more organized
and detailed the notes, the better for mastery of the material.
Once again, use your own language.
Review
A review is a survey of what you have covered. It is a review
of what you are supposed to accomplish, not what you are
going to do. Rereading is an important part of the review
process. Reread with the idea that you are measuring what
you have gained from the process. During review, it is a good
time to go over notes you have taken to help clarify points you
may have missed or don’t understand. The best time to review
is when you have just finished studying something. Don’t
wait until just before an examination to begin the review
process. Before an exam, do a final review. If you manage your
time, the final review can be thought of as a ‘fine tuning’ of
your knowledge of the material.
The above nuggets are extracted from the book: The

Firstclass You. For more, you can download the book
at:
https://payhip.com/b/bupt
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SQ4R

Contrary to popular belief, reading material once is not

There is research aplenty on the benefits of SQ4R.1,2 It has been

Postorganizers in the Science Learning of Earth and Space. Jurnal Pendidikan

To survey a chapter, read the title, introduction, headings, and

When a heading contains more than one idea, form a question

The above nuggets are extracted from the book: The

The Firstclass You

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