Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories

Facilitating Learner Centered Teaching (ProfEd4)
March 27, 2020
Aira Mae L. Antinero
PCED-03-401P
TF 6:00-7:30PM
RRC#2
Chapter 4
Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories
1. Jerome Bruner’s Constructivist Theory
2. Gestalt Theory
3. David Ausubel’s Subsumption Theory
4. Cooperative Learning
5. Experiential Learning
Constructivism is basically a theory based on observation and scientific study
about how people learn. It says that people construct their own understanding and
knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those
experiences. It is a theory in education that recognizes the learners' understanding and
knowledge based on their own experiences prior to entering school. It is associated with
various philosophical positions, particularly in epistemology as well as ontology, politics,
and ethics. Bruner's constructivist theory suggests it is effective when faced with new
material to follow a progression from enactive to iconic to symbolic representation; this
holds true even for adult learners. His work also suggests that a learner even of a very
young age is capable of learning any material so long as the instruction is organized
appropriately, in sharp contrast to the beliefs of Piaget and other stage theorists.
Gestalt theory emphasizes that the whole of anything is greater than its parts. That is,
the attributes of the whole are not deducible from analysis of the parts in isolation. The
word Gestalt is used in modern German to mean the way a thing has been “placed,” or
“put together.” There is no exact equivalent in English. “Form” and “shape” are the usual
translations; in psychology the word is often interpreted as “pattern” or “configuration.”
This theory of learning focuses on the mind’s perspective. It is useful as a behavioral
tool as it enables the teacher to channel the pupil’s energy into thinking of an item or
subject as parts of a whole. By thinking of components and breaking down a situation it
enables for a more psychological process to take place and broadens pupils mind.
Ausubel’s theory of learning claims that new concepts to be learned can be
incorporated into more inclusive concepts or ideas. These more inclusive concepts or
ideas are advance organizers. Advance organizers can be verbal phrases (the
paragraph you are about to read is about Albert Einstein), or a graphic. In any case, the
advance organizer is designed to provide, what cognitive psychologists call, the "mental
scaffolding: to learn new information. In Ausubel's view, to learn meaningfully, students
must relate new knowledge (concepts and propositions) to what they already know. He
proposed the notion of an advanced organizer as a way to help students link their ideas
with new material or concepts. Cooperative learning is an educational approach which
aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences.
There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups,
and it has been described as "structuring positive interdependence. Students must work
in groups to complete tasks collectively toward academic goals. Unlike individual
learning, which can be competitive in nature, students learning cooperatively can
capitalize on one another's resources and skills (asking one another for information,
evaluating one another's ideas, monitoring one another's work, etc.). Furthermore, the
teacher's role changes from giving information to facilitating students' learning.
Everyone succeeds when the group succeeds because of cooperation. Experiential
learning is a process through which students develop knowledge, skills, and values
from direct experiences outside a traditional academic setting. It encompasses
internships, service learning, undergraduate research, study abroad, and other creative
and professional work experiences. Well-planned, supervised, and assessed
experiential learning programs can stimulate academic inquiry by promoting
interdisciplinary learning, civic engagement, career development, cultural awareness,
leadership, and other professional skills.
The assigned topics are all indicated in the PowerPoint presentation. All
information about the topics can be found in their materials. I suggest that they should
limit the bullet points and texts in each slides and must put more pictures to be clearer.
Avoid long sentences in one slide and must put only key words including the essential
information. Good point that the given examples are already enough.
It is important for us (future educator) to know all these learning theories,
because in the future we can use these as a teaching strategies. Now I know that the
cooperative learning theory is effective, I will make a group activity or group learning for
my future students, through working together, their cooperation skills will be use and
because of this, they will learn. Another is the experiential learning, which where the
students are acquired to experienced hands-on learning. I will let my students
experience what they must be learn, they will understand a simple problem and can be
figure and solve it out by their own way.
To sum it up, the constructivism theory is beneficial for teachers because it gives
teaching strategies that they can be used. They can use any learning theories that is
suitable for their students. We, future educators, should use effective teaching methods
that promote a positive learning environment where learners are successful.

Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Facilitating Learner Centered Teaching (ProfEd4)

March 27, 2020

Aira Mae L. Antinero

Topics: Constructivist Learning Theories

1. Jerome Bruner’s Constructivist Theory

3. David Ausubel’s Subsumption Theory

Constructivism is basically a theory based on observation and scientific study

knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those

experiences. It is a theory in education that recognizes the learners' understanding and

material to follow a progression from enactive to iconic to symbolic representation; this

translations; in psychology the word is often interpreted as “pattern” or “configuration.”

This theory of learning focuses on the mind’s perspective. It is useful as a behavioral

subject as parts of a whole. By thinking of components and breaking down a situation it

Ausubel’s theory of learning claims that new concepts to be learned can be

scaffolding: to learn new information. In Ausubel's view, to learn meaningfully, students

in groups to complete tasks collectively toward academic goals. Unlike individual

learning, which can be competitive in nature, students learning cooperatively can

teacher's role changes from giving information to facilitating students' learning.

Everyone succeeds when the group succeeds because of cooperation. Experiential

from direct experiences outside a traditional academic setting. It encompasses

and professional work experiences. Well-planned, supervised, and assessed

experiential learning programs can stimulate academic inquiry by promoting

interdisciplinary learning, civic engagement, career development, cultural awareness,

leadership, and other professional skills.

students are acquired to experienced hands-on learning. I will let my students

figure and solve it out by their own way.

that promote a positive learning environment where learners are successful.

You might also like