PETRONAS TECHNICAL STANDARDS

Piping Classes - Basis of Design

PTS 12.30.01
August 2013

© 2013 PETROLIAM NASIONAL BERHAD (PETRONAS)

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the permission of the copyright
owner. PETRONAS Technical Standards are Company’s internal standards and meant for authorized users only.
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FOREWORD

PETRONAS Technical Standards (PTS) has been developed based on the accumulated knowledge,
experience and best practices of the PETRONAS group supplementing National and International
standards where appropriate. The key objective of PTS is to ensure standard technical practice
across the PETRONAS group.

Compliance to PTS is compulsory for PETRONAS-operated facilities and Joint Ventures (JVs) where
PETRONAS has more than fifty percent (50%) shareholding and/or operational control, and includes
all phases of work activities.

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Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers who use PTS are solely responsible in ensuring the quality of

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work, goods and services meet the required design and engineering standards. In the case where
specific requirements are not covered in the PTS, it is the responsibility of the

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Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers to propose other proven or internationally established
standards or practices of the same level of quality and integrity as reflected in the PTS.

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In issuing and making the PTS available, PETRONAS is not making any warranty on the accuracy or
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completeness of the information contained in PTS. The Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers shall
ensure accuracy and completeness of the PTS used for the intended design and engineering
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requirement and shall inform the Owner for any conflicting requirement with other international
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codes and technical standards before start of any work.

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PETRONAS is the sole copyright holder of PTS. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, recording
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or otherwise) or be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever, without the prior
written consent of PETRONAS.
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The PTS shall be used exclusively for the authorised purpose. The users shall arrange for PTS to be
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kept in safe custody and shall ensure its secrecy is maintained and provide satisfactory information
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to PETRONAS that this requirement is met.

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ANNOUNCEMENT

Please be informed that the entire PTS inventory is currently undergoing transformation exercise
from 2013 - 2015 which includes revision to numbering system, format and content. As part of this
change, the PTS numbering system has been revised to 6-digit numbers and drawings, forms and
requisition to 7-digit numbers. All newly revised PTS will adopt this new numbering system, and

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where required make reference to other PTS in its revised numbering to ensure consistency. Users

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are requested to refer to PTS 00.01.01 (PTS Index) for mapping between old and revised PTS
numbers for clarity. For further inquiries, contact PTS administrator at

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ptshelpdesk@petronas.com.my

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Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 5
1.1 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 GLOSSARY OF TERMS..................................................................................................... 5
1.3 SUMMARY OF CHANGES ............................................................................................... 6
2.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................... 7
2.1 PURPOSE AND BENEFITS OF PIPING CLASSES................................................................ 7

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2.2 APPLICATION OF PIPING CLASSES ................................................................................. 7

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2.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING CLASSES ............................................................................. 8

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2.4 CONTENT OF PIPING CLASSES ..................................................................................... 10

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2.5 NUMBERING OF MODIFIED PIPING CLASS .................................................................. 11
2.6 SELECTION OF PIPING CLASSES ................................................................................... 11
3.0
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DESIGN PRINCIPLE ............................................................................................... 12
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3.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................... 12
3.2 DESIGN CODES ............................................................................................................. 13
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3.3 ALLOWABLE STRESSES ................................................................................................. 14

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3.4 BRANCH CONNECTIONS .............................................................................................. 14

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3.5 INTERNAL DIAMETER DIFFERENCES ............................................................................ 14

3.6 SOUR SERVICE .............................................................................................................. 14
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3.7 HEAT TREATMENT ....................................................................................................... 14

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3.8 BOLT TENSIONING ....................................................................................................... 15

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3.9 SELECTION OF IMPACT TESTED CARBON STEEL .......................................................... 15

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3.10 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD-BASED FUGITIVE EMISSION TIGHTNESS

CLASSIFICATION FOR PIPING COMPONENTS ........................................................................... 16
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4.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................... 17

APPENDIX 1: SYMBOL LEGEND ........................................................................................ 19
APPENDIX 2: VENT AND DRAIN POINTS........................................................................... 20
APPENDIX 3: PRESSURE INSTRUMENT AND ORIFICE CONNECTIONS ................................ 21
APPENDIX 4: LEVEL MEASUREMENT DEVICES .................................................................. 22
APPENDIX 5: TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS .............................................. 23
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1.0 INTRODUCTION

This PTS defines the basis and principle for the development and application of piping
classes used in PETRONAS facilities for Upstream and Downstream piping system.

This PTS also provide guidance on the selection of piping classes.

1.1 SCOPE

1.1.1 Basis for piping classes for downstream and upstream which are referred as PTS 12.31.01

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and PTS 12.31.02 respectively.

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i. PTS 12.31.01 - "Piping classes - refining and chemicals". This PTS contains

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piping classes developed for oil refineries, chemical plants, gas plants and also
suitable for onshore exploration and production facilities.

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ii. PTS 12.31.02 - "Piping classes - exploration and production". This PTS contains

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piping classes developed for offshore facilities (e.g. platform and floaters piping).
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1.1.2 For standardization and interchangeability reasons, the Owner may decide to use PTS
12.31.02 piping classes also for onshore facilities or vice versa.
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1.1.3 Line pipe and fittings for oil and gas transmission pipeline systems are excluded from this
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PTS.
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1.2 GLOSSARY OF TERMS

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1.2.1 General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations

Refer to PTS Requirements, General Definition of Terms, Abbreviations & Reading Guide PTS
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00.01.03 for General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations.

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1.2.2 Specific Definition of Terms

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No Terms Description

1 Piping class Collection of piping components, suitable for

a defined service and design limits in a
piping system.

2 Assembly Pre-design standard configuration of vents,

drains, orifice meter runs, thermowells and
pressure points within a piping class.

Table 1: Specific Definition of Terms

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1.2.3 Specific Abbreviations

No Abbreviations Description

1 PMRC PETRONAS Materials Reference Code

2 SAP System Application Product

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3 O&M Operations and maintenance

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4 PMMS Project Materials Management System

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5 P-EDMS PETRONAS Engineering Data Management

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System
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6 PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment
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Table 2: Specific Abbreviations

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1.3 SUMMARY OF CHANGES

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This PTS 12.30.01 replaces PTS 31.38.01.10 (August, 2011).

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2.0 GENERAL

A piping class consists of a compilation of standardized piping items that are suitable for a
defined service at stated range of pressure and temperature ratings, sizes and schedules.

All piping items applied in piping classes are covered by a PMRC datasheet.

2.1 PURPOSE AND BENEFITS OF PIPING CLASSES

2.1.1 The purpose and benefits of piping classes are summarized as follows:
i. Group-wide standardization of piping material and piping systems design

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ii. Access to up-to-date PETRONAS Piping Materials Specification for PETRONAS

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OPUs and Capital Projects

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iii. Minimized Risk of errors due to under and/or over specification in Piping
Materials Specifications for Procurement

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iv. Full integration with PETRONAS SAP System for O&M procurement , P-EDMS,
and PMMS

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v. Large reduction in piping system engineering, procurement effort and increased
leverage for centralized purchasing
vi. Variety control, leading to reduced costs of stocking material
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vii. Integrity control in relation to applied standards
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2.2 APPLICATION OF PIPING CLASSES

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2.2.1 Piping classes shall be applied in accordance with PTS 12.30.02

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2.2.2 An explanation of the piping class numbering convention is given in (2.3) and a description of
the contents of each piping class is given in (2.4).
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2.2.3 Section (2.5) explains how to select a piping class for a particular service.
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2.2.4 Section (2.6) explains how to derive piping class based on size, allowable internal pressure
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and design limits.

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2.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING CLASSES

The piping class numbering convention comprises of four (4) parts or groupings composed of
alternating Numeric and Alphabetic codes as follows:

1st Part 2nd Part 3rd Part 4th Part

(Numeric) (Alphabetic) (Numeric) (Alphabetic
– Optional)

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ASME Pressure
PMRC Material Code Running Piping Class
Rating Code

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Identifier Number Identifier
Identifier

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For Example: 1C10-AA

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2.3.1 1st Part Values:

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ASME Pressure Rating Code Identifier

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CLASS 150 1
CLASS 300 3
CLASS 600 6
CLASS 900 9
CLASS 1500 15
CLASS 2500 25
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2.3.2 2nd Part Values:

PMRC Material
Materials Description
Code Identifier

C Carbon Steel
L Low and intermediate alloy steels

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S Stainless Steels

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A Aluminium and aluminium alloys

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P Copper and copper alloys

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B Nickel and nickel base alloys

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N Non-metallic materials
G Carbon steel, lined or galvanised
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X Unassigned
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2.3.3 3rd Part Values:

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This indicates the running number starting at 10 up to 99. In the process of creating other
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piping classes, the numeric two (2) Parts 01 up to 09 shall not be used to avoid confusing
zero “0” as letter “O” and vice versa.
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2.3.4 4th Part Values:

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This indicates a process service related selection code for impact tested and non-impact
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tested material in carbon steel piping classes. Other related code maybe derived and should
follow the following convention:

-AA Impact tested material selection for application down to –20 °C. These piping classes
have been developed for liquid butane, LPG and compressed light and flammable gases such
as hydrogen, methane, ethane, propane and ethylene.
-BB Piping class material selection in line with ASME B31.3 Fig. 323.2.2A curve B for
application down to –20 °C for services not mentioned above.
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2.4 CONTENT OF PIPING CLASSES

Page Description
Number
Page 1  Title page block giving pipe class name, material group, ASME piping
pressure rating and revision status.

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 Standard PETRONAS Technical Standard (PTS) Foreword

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Pages 2, 3  Pressure-Temperature Ratings ranges table

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 Size and Schedule ranges table
 PMRC Item Category, Size 1 and Size 2 application, commodity

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description and commodity code
 Corrosion Allowance
Page 4 
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Branch Table indicating the ranges of branch sizes, header sizes and
legend with reference notes
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 Detailed notes and references
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Page 5, 6  PMRC Item Description, PMRC Code and Nominal Pipe Size
or 7 dependent number of piping items
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Page 7 or  Reducing component indicating the Run X Branch sizes

8  Piping Component Description with the equivalent PMRC Code for
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Eccentric reducer, Flageolet, Nippolet , Reducer Tee and weldolet.


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Page 9 Bolting description with sizes, length and PMRC code equivalent
 Thermowell description with length, rating and PMRC Code
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equivalent.
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2.5 NUMBERING OF MODIFIED PIPING CLASS

In case of modification of any piping items and its parameters within the specific piping class
due to project requirement, additional alphabetic suffix e.g. X,Y,Z shall be added as depicted
on the example below:

For Example: 1C10X or 1C10X-AA

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At any case, this modification of piping class subject to approval from OWNER.
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2.6 SELECTION OF PIPING CLASSES
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2.6.1 The Piping Class shall be selected based on the "Service Index" in PTS 12.31.01 and PTS
12.31.02 and also the suitable temperature range.
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2.6.2 The appropriate ASME rating class shall then be identified by matching the required
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operating pressure and temperature with the design limits given in the piping classes. The
"Summary of Issued Piping Classes" (for PTS 12.31.01 and the PTS 12.31.02) show which
ASME rating classes are available. For services where more than one piping class can be
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selected from the "Service Index", the selection can be further narrowed down to
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component selection within a class. For final selection, the responsible materials and
corrosion engineer shall be consulted.
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2.6.3 For services not in the "Service Index", the "Index of Piping Classes” can be screened to see
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whether a piping class is available in which the materials are considered suitable for the
intended service (3.1). If more than one piping class is available, the final selection can be
based on the component selection within those piping classes.
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3.0 DESIGN PRINCIPLE

3.1 GENERAL

3.1.1 The composition and properties of the fluid service shall be specified by the process
engineer.

3.1.2 Materials and corrosion engineer shall establish the required materials selection based on
the process requirements. Design life and life cycle cost shall also be taken into account.

3.1.3 After selection of the basic material for the specified service, a suitable piping class shall be

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selected (2.6) for the design pressure and temperature.

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3.1.4 The primary selection of the piping classes will be governed by the characteristics of

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individual process streams. However, the total number of selected piping classes should be
assessed for possible standardization, limitation of component varieties, spare part and

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stock holding optimization, and the risk of mixing similar materials.

3.1.5
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For additional information, the following PTSs should be consulted:
PTS 15.01.01, PTS 15.01.02, PTS 15.10.01 and PTS 15.01.03
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3.2 DESIGN CODES

3.2.1 Metallic piping classes have been compiled in accordance with ASME B31.3 design and
material selection requirement

3.2.2 The design of non-metallic piping components shall be referred to PTS 12.34.02. The design
limits specified in the piping classes have been derived from the pressure/temperature (P/T)
ratings for flanges given in ASME B16.5 unless otherwise stated in the piping class notes.
There are no piping classes for pressures higher than those allowed by the ASME B16.5
rating class 2500 for the specified design temperature and material. For materials listed, the
relevant values listed in Table 2 of ASME B16.5 apply. For comparable materials not listed,

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the P/T rating is established in accordance with Annex D of ASME B16.5.

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3.2.3 Where specified by ASME B31.3, bolting calculations have been performed to verify the

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ability to seat the selected gasket and to maintain a sealed joint under the given P/T rating;
ASME VIII, Division 1, Appendix 2 has been followed for this.

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3.2.4 Allowable internal pressures for pipe and fittings have been verified in accordance with

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ASME B31.3 paragraph 304.1.2 equation (3a) in order to meet the design limits of piping
classes. For sizes DN 15 to DN 600 a manufacturing tolerance of 12.5 % has been applied. For
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sizes larger than DN 600 all components have been specified so that a negative
manufacturing tolerance of 0.3 mm is used as the base for the mechanical design. For
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manufacturing tolerances of fittings larger than DN 600 reference is made to MSS-SP-75

chapter 13 (instead of chapter 11 of ASME B16.9).
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3.2.5 The lowest pressure at coinciding temperature selected from the above P/T ratings is
governing for the piping class P/T rating. The piping class notes state which factor(s) is/are
governing.
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3.2.6 In order to meet the design condition of full vacuum at ambient temperature allowable
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external pressures for pipe and fittings have been verified in accordance with ASME B31.3
paragraph 304.1.3 using the calculation from ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Division 1, part UG-28
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through UG-30. In general, all metallic piping class sizes up to and including DN 600 meet the
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required condition. Pipe and fittings larger than DN 600 have not been designed for full
vacuum, with the exception of components as specified in piping classes dedicated for steam
service. A statement indicating the suitability for full vacuum at ambient temperature has
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been incorporated in the notes section of each piping class.

3.2.7 Nominal wall thicknesses of pipe as specified in the piping classes are in accordance with
ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M. Pipe outside diameters correspond to those in B36.10M
and B36.19M, nominal pipe sizes in classes are stated in DN.

3.2.8 For pipe diameters larger than DN 600, a rationalisation of wall thicknesses has been carried
out in order to reduce the number of wall thicknesses specified for a given line size for each
material type. The following standard wall thicknesses in millimetres have been selected in
accordance with ASME B36.10M:
7.92 /9.53 / 11.13 / 12.7 / 14.27 / 15.88 / 17.48 / 19.05 / 20.62 / 22.23/ 23.83 / 25.4 / 26.99
/ 28.58 / 30.16 / 31.75 / 32 / 34 / 36 / 38 / 40 / 42 / 44 / 46 / 48 / 50 / 52 / 54 / 56 / 58 / 60 /
62.
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3.2.9 Where possible, components used in the piping classes have been selected from external
standards. The applicable standards and relevant PMRC Specifications are referenced in the
PMRC datasheet. The P/T ratings given in those standards can be governing for the piping
class design limits.

3.3 ALLOWABLE STRESSES

Allowable stresses for the materials specifications contained in the piping classes have been
established in line with ASME B31.3, paragraph 302.3.

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3.4 BRANCH CONNECTIONS

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3.4.1 Reinforcement requirements for 90° pipe-to-pipe branch connections and Y-strainers have
been checked against the design limits of the piping class. The check calculations were

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performed in accordance with ASME B31.3, paragraphs 304.3.2 and 304.3.3. The additional
reinforcement of the welds is not taken into account.

3.4.2
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In each piping class a diagram is given in order to select the proper and most economical
type of branch connection for the design limits of the class. Branch fittings or butt-welding
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fittings have been specified for all connections where pipe-to-pipe connections would need
additional reinforcement. The branch fitting outlet and the butt-welding fittings as listed on
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page 7 of the piping class could replace the welded pipe-to-pipe connections.
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3.4.3 Butt welding fittings larger than DN 600 have been specified in such a way that a flexibility
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characteristic: h  4.4T / r2 in accordance with ASME B 31.3 Appendix D may be applied.

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3.5 INTERNAL DIAMETER DIFFERENCES

Identical wall thicknesses have been selected to prevent internal diameter differences at
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weld positions for welding fittings and pipe within a piping class.
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3.6 SOUR SERVICE

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See PTS 12.30.02, Appendix 10.6 for the definition and categories of sour service. PTS
12.31.01 and PTS 12.31.02 include piping classes for these categories.
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3.7 HEAT TREATMENT

Some piping classes have been designed for services that require post-weld heat treatment.
These classes are identified by the notation "PWHT" on page 1 of the piping class.
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3.8 BOLT TENSIONING

3.8.1 PTS 12.30.02 recommends the use of bolt tensioning in certain circumstances and this
requires additional bolt length.

3.8.2 For system that requires bolt tensioning in certain circumstances, the additional bolt length
shall be calculated and incorporated on the final bolt length.

3.9 SELECTION OF IMPACT TESTED CARBON STEEL

3.9.1 PTS 15.10.01 states that for prevention of brittle fracture of non-impact tested carbon steel

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piping, plates, fittings, forgings and castings, the lower design temperature shall not be

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below 0 °C for equipment containing liquefied gas or compressed flammable low molecular
weight gas. To comply with this requirement, the 'minus 20' piping classes shall not be used

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for liquid butane, LPG or compressed light and flammable gases such as hydrogen, methane,
ethane, propane or ethylene. Impact tested steel shall be used for carbon steel piping which

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contains liquefied gas for the lower design temperature of below 0 °C.

3.9.2
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In ASME B31.3 the lower design temperatures of ASTM A106-B, API 5L-B, ASTM A 672-C65-
class 22 and ASTM A234-grade WPB are thickness-dependent as defined by curve B of Figure
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323.2.2A. For lower design temperatures of –20 °C the maximum allowable thickness is 14.8
mm. For ASTM A 105 and ASTM A 216-grade WCB or WCC the lower design temperature in
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ASME B31.3 is –20 °F (–29 °C). For consistent materials selection, and also because the
impact toughness of ASTM A 105 forgings have often been troublesome, the use of ASTM
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A 106-B, API 5L-B, ASTM A 672-C65-cl 22, ASTM A 234-WPB and ASTM A 105 has been
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truncated in the 'minus 20' piping classes at pipe schedule and size combinations with 14.8
mm nominal thickness. For greater thicknesses, impact tested carbon steels according to
ASTM A 333-6, ASTM A 671-C65 cl22 with S2, ASTM A 350-LF2, ASTM A 420-WPL6 and ASTM
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A 352-LCC are selected.

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3.9.3 For piping classes with a minimum design temp of –50 °C impact tested carbon steel is
always selected for all services.

Carbon Steel Material Selection for PTS piping Class (ref ASME B31.3 – Fig.
323.2.2A Curve B)

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3.10 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD-BASED FUGITIVE EMISSION TIGHTNESS

CLASSIFICATION FOR PIPING COMPONENTS
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PTS 16.50.01 specifies criteria for the classification of substances as "very toxic". For the
containment of these substances, special piping classes shall be used as indicated in the
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piping class services and materials selection index (PTS 12.31.03.). Amongst other things,
these "very toxic" piping classes include valves with the tightest fugitive emission class
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rating, Class A (HS).

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4.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
In this PTS, reference is made to the following other Standards/Publication. Unless
specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used, together
with any supplements/revisions thereto:

PETRONAS TECHNICAL STANDARDS

Index to PTS PTS 00.01.01
PTS Requirements, General Definition of Terms & Reading PTS 00.01.03

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Guide

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Metallic materials - Selected standards PTS 15.01.01

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Non-metallic materials - Selection and application PTS 15.01.02

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Metallic materials - prevention of brittle fracture PTS 15.10.01
Piping - general requirements PTS 12.30.02
Piping classes – Refining & Chemicals
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Piping classes – Exploration & Production PTS 12.31.02
Specification for piping systems PTS 12.34.01
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Guidelines, Specification and recommended practice PTS 12.34.02

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for GRP pipelines and piping systems

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Instruments for measurement and control PTS 14.10.02

Installation of on-line instruments PTS 14.10.06
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Selection of materials for life cycle performance PTS 15.01.03

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AMERICAN STANDARDS
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Pipe flanges and flanged fittings, steel, nickel alloys ASME B16.5, 2013 edition
and other special alloys.
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Process Piping ASME B31.3, 2010 edition

Welded and seamless wrought steel pipe ASME B36.10M
Stainless Steel Pipe ASME B36.19M
ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code: ASME VIII Div 1
Section VIII Division 1 - Rules for construction of pressure
vessels
Issued by:
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
345 East 47th Street
New York NY 10017
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USA

Manufacturers Standardization Society MSS-SP-44

-Steel Pipeline Flanges

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APPENDIX 1: SYMBOL LEGEND

VALVE THREADED ENDS STUB END

FLANGE LAP-JOINT
VALVE FLANGED ENDS FLANGE THREADED

PIPE NIPPLE PLAIN ENDS

VALVE BUTT WELD ENDS
PIPE NIPPLE THREADED ENDS

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FLANGE LINER PIPE NIPPLE PLAIN/THREADED END

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FLANGE BLIND
WELDING BRANCH FITTING THREADED END

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FLANGE WELDING-NECK

FLANGE WITH COMPR TYPE CONN.

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SLIMLINE VALVE SLIMLINE VALVE
LUG TYPE FLANGE/THREADED

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SINGLE BLOCK DOUBLE BLOCK
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APPENDIX 2: VENT AND DRAIN POINTS

VENT CONNECTIONS (DRAI)

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A H I Q V

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DRAIN CONNECTIONS (DRAI)
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APPENDIX 3: PRESSURE INSTRUMENT AND ORIFICE CONNECTIONS

SLIMLINE VALVES

AA/CA AB/CB
*C *D *H *I *J *M *N *P *V

ON ORIFICE FLANGES (ORIC)

*REFER TO VALVE TYPE
INDENTIFICATION SHCEDULE

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(APPENDIX 1-2) TO FIND

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THE APPROPRIATE CODE

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*I *M AB

ON METERRUN (MRIC) lU
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O
TR
PE
 PTS 12.30.01
PIPING CLASSES - BASIS OF DESIGN August 2013
Page 22 of 23

APPENDIX 4: LEVEL MEASUREMENT DEVICES

y
nl
O
se
lU
na
er
nt
-I
AS
N
O
TR

LEGT = LEVEL GAUGE, THROUGH VISION TYPE

PE

LEGR = LEVEL GAUGE, REFLEX TYPE

LDPC = LEVEL DISPLACER CHAMBER

FOR VALVES SELECT BALL OR GATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT PIPING CLASS.
*) FOR APPLICATION OF BLOCK VALVES SEE PTS 12.30.02
 PTS 12.30.01
PIPING CLASSES - BASIS OF DESIGN August 2013
Page 23 of 23

APPENDIX 5: TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS

ON PIPING (TICO)

y
nl
O
se
L = 230 AS, NS, HS L = 115 WA
L = 255 AL, NL, HL L = 135 WB

lU
na L = 165 WC
er
nt
-I
AS
N
O
TR
PE