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Case #10 Benjamin-Abubakar-V-Auditor-general

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BENJAMIN ABUBAKAR, petitioner vs. THE AUDITOR GENERAL, respondent.

G.R. No. L-1405 July 31, 1948

Topic: Form and interpretation – Unconditional promise or order to pay

Facts:

On December 10, 1941, a treasury warrant worth PHP1,000.00 was issued in favor of a certain Placido
Urbanes, a government employee for food administration. The warrant was now in the hands of the
petitioner, a private individual.

The Auditor General refused to authorize the payment of Treasury warrant for the reason that one of the
requirements is it should be shown that the holder of the warrant has received such warrant in payment
of definite government obligations.

Petitioner’s Argument: The petitioner argues that he is a holder in good faith and for value of a
negotiable instrument and is entitled to the rights and privileges of a holder in due course, free from
defenses.

Issue: Whether or not the treasury warrant is a negotiable instrument.

Ruling: No, the warrant is not a Negotiable instrument.

A negotiable instrument is unconditional.

Section 3 of the Negotiable Instruments Law, an order or promise to pay out of a particular fund makes
the instrument conditional.

The treasury warrant comes from a particular fund or appropriation and such makes it conditional. In
this case, on the face of the treasury, it was written “Payable for the appropriation for food
administration”. Therefore, it is not negotiable because it is conditional.

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