Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Appendix C
ABAQUS Tutorials
Q2.5
Start ABAQUS CAE 613

Set Work directory

Start a new model

File/New Model
Database/With
standard/Explicit Model

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Create model

Module/Part

Click Create Part

Choose
2D/Deformable/Wire
Approximate size 0.4
Continue

Click Create Arc: Thru 3

points
Enter start point 0,0
Enter end point 0.2,0
Enter a point to lie on the
arc 0.1,0.1

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Press Esc, then

Click done

Define Material/geometric properties

Module/Property

(E=70 GPa = 70×109 N/m2, Poisson’s ratio=0.3)

Create Material/
Mechanical/Elasticity/
Elastic
Define Young’s modulus
70e9 and Poisson’s ratio
0.3
OK

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Create Section
Choose Beam
Continue

Click Create Beam

Profile
Choose Rectangular
Continue

Define Width 0.1 and

height 0.03
OK/OK

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Assign Section to Part

Click Assign Section

Click on the arc
Done
Section 1
OK

Assign Beam orientation

Click Assign Beam

orientation
Done
Enter n1 direction (as
given)
OK

Module Assembly

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Create Instances

Click Create Instance

Part-1
Choose Dependent
OK

Create analysis step

Module Step

Click Create Step

Initial
Static, General
Continue

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Description Q2.5
OK

Apply load

Module Load

Click Create Load

Mechanical/ concentrated
force
Continue

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Applying force (P=10 kN = 10 000 N)

Click on point 2
Done
Define CF2 10000
OK

Apply boundary conditions

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

Click on point 1
Done
Define U1, U2, UR3 0
OK

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Mesh control

Module Mesh

Click Part (Part-1)

Click Seed Part
Specify global size 0.01
OK

Mesh

Click Mesh Part

Click yes

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Define element type

Click Assign Element

Type
Choose region
Done
Beam
OK
Done

Solution
Module Job

Create Job
Name: Q2_5
Model-1
Continue

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Description Q2.5 student

name
OK

Job Manager
Submit
OK

Monitor solution

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Save your analysis as Q2.5.cae

View results
Open results file

Choose Q2_5.obd
OK

Plot displacement contours

Click results
Field output

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Choose U for
displacement
U1 for displacement in the
x-direction
U2 for displacement in the
y-direction

Displacement x-direction

Click Plot Contours on

Deformed Shape
Compare maximum x-
displacement to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

Displacement y-direction (repeat same procedures as above; Results/field output choose U2)

Click Plot Contours on

Deformed Shape
Compare maximum y-
displacement to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

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To increase legend font (or title block)

Viewport
Viewport Annotation
option
Click Legend/ define font

To query results at nodes (for von-Mises stress)

Tools
Prove values

Probe: choose Nodes

Click on a node to query
results

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To view Top/Bottom results (only for stresses in beam and shell elements)

Results
Section points…
Click Bottom/Top

To print a graph

File
Print/ Destination/ click
file
Format/ e.g. PNG
File name/ e.g.
filename.png

To create a Python code, before you start working in your model, activate Macro Manager:

File
Click Macro Manager
Click create

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Define Name of Macro:

Q2_5
Choose Work for Work
directory
Continue

After finishing your working session, click Stop Recording. A python macro file will be created
abaqusMacros.py under your working directory. Copy and paste the part concerned with your problem
and save in a file Q2_5.py. To run a macro file, click file/Run Script (note that the python code should
be in your Work Directory).

File
Click Run Script
Choose Q2_5.py

Python code for Q2.5

# -*- coding: mbcs -*-
# Do not delete the following import lines
from abaqus import *
from abaqusConstants import *
import __main__
def Q2_5():
import section
import regionToolset
import displayGroupMdbToolset as dgm
import part
import material
import assembly
import step
import interaction
import load
import mesh
import optimization
import job

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import sketch
import visualization
import xyPlot
import displayGroupOdbToolset as dgo
import connectorBehavior
s1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__', sheetSize=0.4)
g, v, d, c = s1.geometry, s1.vertices, s1.dimensions, s1.constraints
s1.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s1.Arc3Points(point1=(0.0, 0.0), point2=(0.2, 0.0), point3=(0.1, 0.1))
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-1', dimensionality=TWO_D_PLANAR,
type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.BaseWire(sketch=s1)
s1.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=ON,
engineeringFeatures=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.geometryOptions.setValues(
referenceRepresentation=OFF)
mdb.models['Model-1'].Material(name='Material-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].materials['Material-1'].Elastic(table=((70000000000.0,
0.3), ))
mdb.models['Model-1'].RectangularProfile(name='Profile-1', a=0.1, b=0.03)
mdb.models['Model-1'].BeamSection(name='Section-1',
integration=DURING_ANALYSIS, poissonRatio=0.0, profile='Profile-1',
material='Material-1', temperatureVar=LINEAR,
consistentMassMatrix=False)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = p.Set(edges=edges, name='Set-1')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.SectionAssignment(region=region, sectionName='Section-1', offset=0.0,
offsetType=MIDDLE_SURFACE, offsetField='',
thicknessAssignment=FROM_SECTION)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region=p.Set(edges=edges, name='Set-2')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.assignBeamSectionOrientation(region=region, method=N1_COSINES, n1=(0.0, 0.0,
-1.0))
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
optimizationTasks=OFF, geometricRestrictions=OFF, stopConditions=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a.DatumCsysByDefault(CARTESIAN)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
a.Instance(name='Part-1-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
adaptiveMeshConstraints=ON)
mdb.models['Model-1'].StaticStep(name='Step-1', previous='Initial',
description='Q2.5')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(step='Step-1')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=ON, bcs=ON,
predefinedFields=ON, connectors=ON, adaptiveMeshConstraints=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly

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v1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#2 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].ConcentratedForce(name='Load-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, cf2=10000.0, distributionType=UNIFORM, field='',
localCsys=None)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-2')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=0.0, u2=0.0, ur3=0.0, amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF,
distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='', localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=ON, loads=OFF,
bcs=OFF, predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF, mesh=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.seedPart(size=0.01, deviationFactor=0.1, minSizeFactor=0.1)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.generateMesh()
elemType1 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=B21, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
pickedRegions =(edges, )
p.setElementType(regions=pickedRegions, elemTypes=(elemType1, ))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.Job(name='Q2_5', model='Model-1', description='Q2.5', type=ANALYSIS,
atTime=None, waitMinutes=0, waitHours=0, queue=None, memory=90,
memoryUnits=PERCENTAGE, getMemoryFromAnalysis=True,
explicitPrecision=SINGLE, nodalOutputPrecision=SINGLE, echoPrint=OFF,
modelPrint=OFF, contactPrint=OFF, historyPrint=OFF, userSubroutine='',
scratch='', multiprocessingMode=DEFAULT, numCpus=1, numGPUs=0)
mdb.jobs['Q2_5'].submit(consistencyChecking=OFF)
mdb.saveAs(pathName='H:/ABAQUS/Q2.5.cae')

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Q2.6
Start a new model database as before: File/New Model Database/With standard/Explicit Model
Create Part

Click Create Part

Choose
2D/Deformable/Wire
Approximate size 1.6
Continue

Create line

Click Create Lines

Connected
Enter point 1 a starting
point 0,0
Point 2 an ending point 0,
0.8
Press Esc, then
Click done

Create Part-2 (quarter

circle) 2D/Deformable/
wires
Continue

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Click Create Arc: Thru 3

points
Enter start point 0,0.8
Enter end point 0.4,1.2
Enter a point to lie on the
arc 0.117157,1.08284
Click done

Press Esc, then

Click done

Assembly/Create Instance

Click Create Instance

Part-1 and Part-2
Choose Dependent
OK

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Merge parts 1 and 2 (create new part 3)

Click Merge/Cut Instances

Click Both
Continue
Click Part-1 and Part-2
Done
Part-3 is created

Define Material/section properties (E=200 GPa, ν=0.3)

Create Material/
Mechanical/Elasticity/
Elastic
Define Young’s modulus
200e9 and Poisson’s ratio
0.3
OK

Create section

Create Section
Choose Beam
Continue

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Click Create Beam

Profile
Choose Circular
Continue

Define Radius 0.1

OK/OK

Assign section to Part 3

Click Assign Section to

Part 3
Click on line & arc
OK

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Assign Beam Orientation for part 3

Click Assign Beam

orientation
Click on Part-3
Done
Enter n1 direction (as
given)
OK

Create Step as before

Click Create Step

Initial
Continue
Description Q2.6
OK

Apply Load – force in the y-direction -20000 (P/2 in N) should be defined

Click Create Load

Mechanical/ concentrated
force
Continue
Click on point 1
Done
Define CF2 -20000
OK

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Apply Boundary conditions

Point 1: only rotation (UR3) is zero

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue
Click on point 1
Done
Define UR3 0
OK

Point 3: All DOF are zeros (U1, U2, UR3).

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue
Click on point 3
Done
Define U1, U2, UR3 0
OK

Mesh (mesh part 3)

Module Mesh
Choose Part (Part-3)
Click Seed Part Instance
Specify global size 0.02
OK
Click Mesh Part
Click Yes

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Define element type

Click Assign Element

Type
Choose region Part 3
(click on both parts 1&2)
Done
Beam
OK
Done

Solution: as before Module Job/ Create Job /Model-1/ Job name: Q2_6/ Continue
Description Q2.6/ OK/ Job Manager/Submit job to solve & Monitor to monitor solution
View results
Open results file as before: File/open Choose Q2_6.obd OK
Plot reaction moment contours

Click results
Field output
Choose RM3 for reaction
moment
OK

Click Plot Contours on

Deformed Shape
Compare maximum
bending moment to
ANSYS results and
analytical solution?

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Zoom near point 1

Compare bending moment

at point 1 to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

Python code for Q2.6

def Q2_6():
import section
import regionToolset
import displayGroupMdbToolset as dgm
import part
import material
import assembly
import step
import interaction
import load
import mesh
import optimization
import job
import sketch
import visualization
import xyPlot
import displayGroupOdbToolset as dgo
import connectorBehavior
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=None)
s = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__', sheetSize=1.6)
g, v, d, c = s.geometry, s.vertices, s.dimensions, s.constraints
s.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s.Line(point1=(0.0, 0.0), point2=(0.0, 0.8))
s.VerticalConstraint(entity=g[2], addUndoState=False)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-1', dimensionality=TWO_D_PLANAR,
type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.BaseWire(sketch=s)
s.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
s1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__', sheetSize=1.6)
g, v, d, c = s1.geometry, s1.vertices, s1.dimensions, s1.constraints
s1.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s1.Arc3Points(point1=(0.0, 0.8), point2=(0.4, 1.2), point3=(0.117157, 1.08284))
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-2', dimensionality=TWO_D_PLANAR,
type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-2']
p.BaseWire(sketch=s1)

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s1.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-2']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.DatumCsysByDefault(CARTESIAN)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
a1.Instance(name='Part-1-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-2']
a1.Instance(name='Part-2-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.InstanceFromBooleanMerge(name='Part-3', instances=(a1.instances['Part-1-1'],
a1.instances['Part-2-1'], ), originalInstances=SUPPRESS,
mergeNodes=BOUNDARY_ONLY, nodeMergingTolerance=1e-06, domain=BOTH)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=ON,
engineeringFeatures=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.geometryOptions.setValues(
referenceRepresentation=OFF)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-2']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
mdb.models['Model-1'].Material(name='Material-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].materials['Material-1'].Elastic(table=((200000000000.0,
0.3), ))
mdb.models['Model-1'].CircularProfile(name='Profile-1', r=0.1)
mdb.models['Model-1'].BeamSection(name='Section-1',
integration=DURING_ANALYSIS, poissonRatio=0.0, profile='Profile-1',
material='Material-1', temperatureVar=LINEAR,
consistentMassMatrix=False)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#3 ]', ), )
region = p.Set(edges=edges, name='Set-1')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
p.SectionAssignment(region=region, sectionName='Section-1', offset=0.0,
offsetType=MIDDLE_SURFACE, offsetField='',
thicknessAssignment=FROM_SECTION)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#3 ]', ), )
region=p.Set(edges=edges, name='Set-2')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
p.assignBeamSectionOrientation(region=region, method=N1_COSINES, n1=(0.0, 0.0,
-1.0))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
adaptiveMeshConstraints=ON)
mdb.models['Model-1'].StaticStep(name='Step-1', previous='Initial',
description='Q2.6')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(step='Step-1')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=ON, bcs=ON,
predefinedFields=ON, connectors=ON, adaptiveMeshConstraints=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-3-1'].vertices

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verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#4 ]', ), )

region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].ConcentratedForce(name='Load-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, cf2=-20000.0, distributionType=UNIFORM, field='',
localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].view.setValues(nearPlane=2.20515,
farPlane=2.8545, width=2.1229, height=1.32232, viewOffsetX=0.0635753,
viewOffsetY=0.027691)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-3-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#4 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-2')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=UNSET, u2=UNSET, ur3=0.0, amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF,
distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='', localCsys=None)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-3-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-3')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-2', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=0.0, u2=0.0, ur3=0.0, amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF,
distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='', localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=ON, loads=OFF,
bcs=OFF, predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF, mesh=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
p.seedPart(size=0.02, deviationFactor=0.1, minSizeFactor=0.1)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
p.generateMesh()
elemType1 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=B21, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-3']
e = p.edges
edges = e.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#3 ]', ), )
pickedRegions =(edges, )
p.setElementType(regions=pickedRegions, elemTypes=(elemType1, ))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.Job(name='Q2_6', model='Model-1', description='Q2.6', type=ANALYSIS,
atTime=None, waitMinutes=0, waitHours=0, queue=None, memory=90,
memoryUnits=PERCENTAGE, getMemoryFromAnalysis=True,
explicitPrecision=SINGLE, nodalOutputPrecision=SINGLE, echoPrint=OFF,
modelPrint=OFF, contactPrint=OFF, historyPrint=OFF, userSubroutine='',
scratch='', multiprocessingMode=DEFAULT, numCpus=1, numGPUs=0)
mdb.jobs['Q2_6'].submit(consistencyChecking=OFF)

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Q4.1c
Start a new model: File/New Model Database/With standard/Explicit Model
Create model

Module/Part
Click Create Part
Choose
2D/Deformable/Shell
Approximate size 1000
Continue

Click Create Lines:

Rectangular (4 lines)
Enter starting corner 0,0
Enter opposite corner 750,
500

Press Esc, then

Click done

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Define Material/geometric properties (E = 2 × 105 N/mm2, ν = 0.25)

Module/Property
Create Material/
Mechanical/Elasticity/
Elastic
Define Young’s modulus
2e5 and Poisson’s ratio
0.25
OK

Create Section
Choose Homogenous
Click Solid
Continue

Click Plane stress/strain

thickness
Define thickness 15
OK

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Assign Section to Part

Click Assign Section

Click on the rectangular
Done
Section 1
OK

Create Instances

Module Assembly
Click Create Instance
Part-1
Choose Dependent
OK

Create analysis step

Module Step
Click Create Step
Initial
Continue
Description Q4.1c
OK

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Apply load

Module Load
Click Create Load
Mechanical/ Pressure
Continue

Applying pressure at top surface (q = 10 N/mm2)

Click top surface

Done

Define Magnitude 10
OK

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Apply boundary conditions

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

Point 1, x-displacement and y-displacement are zero.

Click on point 1
Done
Define U1, U2 0
OK

Point 2, only y-displacement is zero.

Repeat for point 2 (only
U2 is zero)
Click Create Boundary
Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue
Click on point 2
Done
Define U2 0
OK

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Mesh control

Module Mesh
Click Part (Part-1)
Click Seed Part
Specify global size 75
OK

Mesh

Click Mesh Part

Click yes

Define element type

Click Assign Element

Type
Choose rectangular
Done
Choose Plane Stress
Click on Quadratic
OK

Solution
As before Module Job/ Create Job /Model-1/ Job name: Q4_1c/ Continue/ Description Q4.1c/ OK
Job Manager/Submit job to solve & Monitor to monitor solution

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View results
Open results file as before: File/open Choose Q4_1c.obd OK
Plot displacement contours in y-direction
Click results (top menu bar)
Field output
Choose U for displacement
U2 for displacement in the y-
direction
Click Plot Contours on
Deformed Shape
Compare maximum y-
displacement to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

Stress contours in x-direction

Click results (top menu bar)
Field output
Choose S for stress
S11 for stress in the x-
direction
Click Plot Contours on
Deformed Shape
Compare stress in x-direction
in middle of beam to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

Python code for Q4.1c

def Q4_1c():
import section
import regionToolset
import displayGroupMdbToolset as dgm
import part
import material
import assembly
import step
import interaction
import load
import mesh
import optimization
import job
import sketch
import visualization
import xyPlot
import displayGroupOdbToolset as dgo
import connectorBehavior
s = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__',
sheetSize=1000.0)

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g, v, d, c = s.geometry, s.vertices, s.dimensions, s.constraints

s.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s.rectangle(point1=(0.0, 0.0), point2=(750.0, 500.0))
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-1', dimensionality=TWO_D_PLANAR,
type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.BaseShell(sketch=s)
s.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=ON,
engineeringFeatures=ON, mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.models['Model-1'].Material(name='Material-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].materials['Material-1'].Elastic(table=((200000.0, 0.25),
))
mdb.models['Model-1'].HomogeneousSolidSection(name='Section-1',
material='Material-1', thickness=15.0)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = p.Set(faces=faces, name='Set-1')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.SectionAssignment(region=region, sectionName='Section-1', offset=0.0,
offsetType=MIDDLE_SURFACE, offsetField='',
thicknessAssignment=FROM_SECTION)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
optimizationTasks=OFF, geometricRestrictions=OFF, stopConditions=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a.DatumCsysByDefault(CARTESIAN)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
a.Instance(name='Part-1-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
adaptiveMeshConstraints=ON)
mdb.models['Model-1'].StaticStep(name='Step-1', previous='Initial',
description='Q4.1c')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(step='Step-1')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=ON, bcs=ON,
predefinedFields=ON, connectors=ON, adaptiveMeshConstraints=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
s1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].edges
side1Edges1 = s1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#4 ]', ), )
region = a.Surface(side1Edges=side1Edges1, name='Surf-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].Pressure(name='Load-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, distributionType=UNIFORM, field='', magnitude=10.0,
amplitude=UNSET)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].view.setValues(nearPlane=1675.75,
farPlane=1929.8, width=833.478, height=519.158, viewOffsetX=9.43179,
viewOffsetY=15.9545)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=0.0, u2=0.0, ur3=UNSET, amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF,
distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='', localCsys=None)

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a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
v1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].vertices
verts1 = v1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#2 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(vertices=verts1, name='Set-2')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-2', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=UNSET, u2=0.0, ur3=UNSET, amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF,
distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='', localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=ON, loads=OFF,
bcs=OFF, predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF, mesh=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.seedPart(size=75.0, deviationFactor=0.1, minSizeFactor=0.1)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.generateMesh()
elemType1 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=CPS8R, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
elemType2 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=CPS6M, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
pickedRegions =(faces, )
p.setElementType(regions=pickedRegions, elemTypes=(elemType1, elemType2))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.Job(name='Q4_1c', model='Model-1', description='Q4.1c', type=ANALYSIS,
atTime=None, waitMinutes=0, waitHours=0, queue=None, memory=90,
memoryUnits=PERCENTAGE, getMemoryFromAnalysis=True,
explicitPrecision=SINGLE, nodalOutputPrecision=SINGLE, echoPrint=OFF,
modelPrint=OFF, contactPrint=OFF, historyPrint=OFF, userSubroutine='',
scratch='', multiprocessingMode=DEFAULT, numCpus=1, numGPUs=0)
mdb.jobs['Q4_1c'].submit(consistencyChecking=OFF)

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Q5.3
Start a new model as before: File/New Model Database/With standard/Explicit Model
Create model
Module/Part
Click Create Part
Choose
3D/Deformable/Shell/
planar
Approximate size 1
Continue

Click Create circle: Centre

and Perimeter
Enter centre point 0,0
Enter perimeter point 0,0.5
Click done

Press Esc, then

Click done

Define Material/geometric properties (E=200 GPa, ν=0.3)

Define Material properties as before: Module/Property Create Material/ Mechanical/Elasticity/ Elastic/
Define Young’s modulus 200e9 and Poisson’s ratio 0.3/OK

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Create Section
Choose Homogenous
Click Shell
Continue

Define Shell thickness

0.02
OK

Assign Section to Part

Click Assign Section

Click on the circle
Done
Section 1
OK

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Create Instances

Module Assembly
Click Create Instance
Part-1
Choose Dependent
OK

Create analysis step as before

Module Step/Click Create Step/Initial/ Continue/ Description Q5.3/ OK
Apply load

Module Load
Click Create Load
Mechanical/ Pressure
Continue

Applying pressure on surface (p=-2 MPa = -2×106 N/m2)

Click on circle
Done
Click Brown (side of
shell)

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Define Magnitude -2e6

OK

Apply boundary conditions

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

All DOF’s are zeros at edges

Click on outside region

(all boundaries)
Done
Define U1, U2, U3,UR1,
UR2, UR3 0
OK

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Mesh control

Module Mesh
Click Part (Part-1)
Click Seed Part
Specify global size 0.05
OK

Mesh

Click Mesh Part

Click yes

Define element type

Click Assign Element

Type
Click on Part-1
Choose Shell
Click on Quadratic
OK

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View/Rotate to see the

plate in 3D

Solution
As before Module Job/ Create Job /Model-1/ Continue
Description Q5.3/ OK/ Job Manager/Submit job to solve & Monitor to monitor solution
View results
Open results file as before: File/open Choose Q5_3.obd OK
Plot displacement contours in z-direction

Click results (top menu bar)

Field output
Choose U for displacement
U3 for displacement in the z-
direction
Click Plot Contours on
Deformed Shape
Compare maximum
deflection to ANSYS results
and analytical solution?

To plot results in the cylindrical coordinate system

Click Tools (top menu bar)

Coordinate System
Create
Click Cylindrical
Name: CSYS-1
Continue..

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Select a point to be the origin

0.0,0.0,0.0
Enter
Select a point to be on the R-
axis/ 0.1,0.0,0.0
Enter
Select a point to be on the R-
axis/ 0.1,0.0,0.0
Enter
Select a point to be in the R-
theta plane/ 0.0,1.0,0.0
Enter

Click Results (top menu bar)

Options
Transformation
User-specified
Choose CSYS-1
OK

From Field Output Dialog

Choose S for stress
S11 for stress in the r-
direction
Click Plot Contours on
Deformed Shape
Compare stress in r-direction
in middle of plate to ANSYS
results and analytical
solution?

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Python code for Q5.3

def Q5_3():
import section
import regionToolset
import displayGroupMdbToolset as dgm
import part
import material
import assembly
import step
import interaction
import load
import mesh
import optimization
import job
import sketch
import visualization
import xyPlot
import displayGroupOdbToolset as dgo
import connectorBehavior
s1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__',
sheetSize=1000.0)
g, v, d, c = s1.geometry, s1.vertices, s1.dimensions, s1.constraints
s1.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s1.CircleByCenterPerimeter(center=(0.0, 0.0), point1=(0.0, 0.5))
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-1', dimensionality=THREE_D,
type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.BaseShell(sketch=s1)
s1.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=ON,
engineeringFeatures=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.geometryOptions.setValues(
referenceRepresentation=OFF)
mdb.models['Model-1'].Material(name='Material-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].materials['Material-1'].Elastic(table=((200000000000.0,
0.3), ))
mdb.models['Model-1'].HomogeneousShellSection(name='Section-1',
preIntegrate=OFF, material='Material-1', thicknessType=UNIFORM,
thickness=0.02, thicknessField='', idealization=NO_IDEALIZATION,
poissonDefinition=DEFAULT, thicknessModulus=None, temperature=GRADIENT,
useDensity=OFF, integrationRule=SIMPSON, numIntPts=5)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = p.Set(faces=faces, name='Set-1')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.SectionAssignment(region=region, sectionName='Section-1', offset=0.0,
offsetType=MIDDLE_SURFACE, offsetField='',
thicknessAssignment=FROM_SECTION)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.DatumCsysByDefault(CARTESIAN)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
a1.Instance(name='Part-1-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
adaptiveMeshConstraints=ON)

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mdb.models['Model-1'].StaticStep(name='Step-1', previous='Initial',
description='Q5.3')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(step='Step-1')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=ON, bcs=ON,
predefinedFields=ON, connectors=ON, adaptiveMeshConstraints=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
s1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].faces
side1Faces1 = s1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Surface(side1Faces=side1Faces1, name='Surf-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].Pressure(name='Load-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, distributionType=UNIFORM, field='',
magnitude=-2000000.0, amplitude=UNSET)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
e1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].edges
edges1 = e1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Set(edges=edges1, name='Set-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=0.0, u2=0.0, u3=0.0, ur1=0.0, ur2=0.0, ur3=0.0,
amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF, distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='',
localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=ON, loads=OFF,
bcs=OFF, predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF, mesh=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.seedPart(size=0.05, deviationFactor=0.1, minSizeFactor=0.1)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.generateMesh()
elemType1 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=S8R, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
elemType2 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=STRI65, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
pickedRegions =(faces, )
p.setElementType(regions=pickedRegions, elemTypes=(elemType1, elemType2))
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].view.setValues(nearPlane=2.09444,
farPlane=3.56242, width=1.24121, height=0.777519, cameraPosition=(
0.211515, -2.44749, 1.40181), cameraUpVector=(0.26311, 0.496515,
0.827192), cameraTarget=(-3.56587e-008, 4.12616e-007, 2.4051e-007))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.Job(name='Q5_3', model='Model-1', description='Q5.3', type=ANALYSIS,
atTime=None, waitMinutes=0, waitHours=0, queue=None, memory=90,
memoryUnits=PERCENTAGE, getMemoryFromAnalysis=True,
explicitPrecision=SINGLE, nodalOutputPrecision=SINGLE, echoPrint=OFF,
modelPrint=OFF, contactPrint=OFF, historyPrint=OFF, userSubroutine='',
scratch='', multiprocessingMode=DEFAULT, numCpus=1, numGPUs=0)
mdb.jobs['Q5_3'].submit(consistencyChecking=OFF)
Q5.7

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Start a new model as before: File/New Model Database/With standard/Explicit Model

Create model as before: Module/Part/ Click Create Part/ Choose 3D/Deformable/Shell/ planar
Approximate size 1/ Continue

Click Lines: Rectangular (4

Lines)
Enter starting corner point
0,0
Enter opposite corner 0.5,1
Click done

Press Esc, then

Click done

Define Material/geometric properties (E=200 GPa, ν=0.3)

Define Material properties as before: Module/Property Create Material/ Mechanical/Elasticity/ Elastic/
Define Young’s modulus 200e9 and Poisson’s ratio 0.3/OK
Create section as before: Create Section/ Choose Homogenous/ Click Shell/ Continue
Define Shell thickness 0.02/ OK

Assign Section to Part

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Click Assign Section

Click on the rectangular
Done
Section 1
OK

Create Instances as before: Module Assembly/Click Create Instance Part-1/Choose Dependent/ OK

Create analysis step as before: Module Step/Click Create Step/Initial/ Continue/ Description Q5.7/ OK
Apply load

Module Load
Click Create Load
Mechanical/ Pressure
Continue

Applying pressure on surface (q=-0.7 MPa = -0.7×106 N/m2)

Click on rectangular
Done
Click Brown (side of
shell)

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Define Magnitude -0.7e6

OK

Apply boundary conditions

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

Only displacements DOF’s are zeros at edges

Click on the 4 lines at

edges (all boundaries, use
shift button to click more
than one line)
Done
Define U1, U2, U3 0
OK

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Mesh control

Module Mesh
Click Part (Part-1)
Click Seed Part
Specify global size 0.1
OK

Mesh

Click Mesh Part

Click yes

Define element type as before: Click Assign Element Type/Choose Shell/Click on Quadratic/
OK

View/Rotate to see the

plate in 3D

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Solution
As before Module Job/ Create Job: /Name Q5_7 /Model-1/ Continue
Description Q5.7/ OK/ Job Manager/Submit job to solve & Monitor to monitor solution
View results
Open results file as before: File/open Choose Q5_7.obd OK
Plot displacement contours

Click results (top menu bar)

Field output
Choose U for displacement
U3 for displacement in the z-
direction
Click Plot Contours on
Deformed Shape
Compare maximum
deflection to ANSYS results
and analytical solution?

Plot stress contours in x and y- directions (S11 & S22) and compare the results to ANSYS results and
analytical solution?
Python code Q5.7
def Q5_7():
import section
import regionToolset
import displayGroupMdbToolset as dgm
import part
import material
import assembly
import step
import interaction
import load
import mesh
import optimization
import job
import sketch
import visualization
import xyPlot
import displayGroupOdbToolset as dgo
import connectorBehavior
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.geometryOptions.setValues(
referenceRepresentation=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=None)
s1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].ConstrainedSketch(name='__profile__',
sheetSize=200.0)
g, v, d, c = s1.geometry, s1.vertices, s1.dimensions, s1.constraints
s1.setPrimaryObject(option=STANDALONE)
s1.rectangle(point1=(0.0, 0.0), point2=(0.5, 1.0))
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].Part(name='Part-1', dimensionality=THREE_D,

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type=DEFORMABLE_BODY)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.BaseShell(sketch=s1)
s1.unsetPrimaryObject()
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
del mdb.models['Model-1'].sketches['__profile__']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=ON,
engineeringFeatures=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.geometryOptions.setValues(
referenceRepresentation=OFF)
mdb.models['Model-1'].Material(name='Material-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].materials['Material-1'].Elastic(table=((200000000000.0,
0.3), ))
mdb.models['Model-1'].HomogeneousShellSection(name='Section-1',
preIntegrate=OFF, material='Material-1', thicknessType=UNIFORM,
thickness=0.02, thicknessField='', idealization=NO_IDEALIZATION,
poissonDefinition=DEFAULT, thicknessModulus=None, temperature=GRADIENT,
useDensity=OFF, integrationRule=SIMPSON, numIntPts=5)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = p.Set(faces=faces, name='Set-1')
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.SectionAssignment(region=region, sectionName='Section-1', offset=0.0,
offsetType=MIDDLE_SURFACE, offsetField='',
thicknessAssignment=FROM_SECTION)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=OFF, bcs=OFF,
predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.DatumCsysByDefault(CARTESIAN)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
a1.Instance(name='Part-1-1', part=p, dependent=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(
adaptiveMeshConstraints=ON)
mdb.models['Model-1'].StaticStep(name='Step-1', previous='Initial',
description='Q5.7')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(step='Step-1')
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(loads=ON, bcs=ON,
predefinedFields=ON, connectors=ON, adaptiveMeshConstraints=OFF)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
s1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].faces
side1Faces1 = s1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
region = a.Surface(side1Faces=side1Faces1, name='Surf-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].Pressure(name='Load-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, distributionType=UNIFORM, field='', magnitude=-700000.0,
amplitude=UNSET)
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
e1 = a.instances['Part-1-1'].edges
edges1 = e1.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#f ]', ), )
region = a.Set(edges=edges1, name='Set-1')
mdb.models['Model-1'].DisplacementBC(name='BC-1', createStepName='Step-1',
region=region, u1=0.0, u2=0.0, u3=0.0, ur1=UNSET, ur2=UNSET, ur3=UNSET,
amplitude=UNSET, fixed=OFF, distributionType=UNIFORM, fieldName='',
localCsys=None)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=ON, loads=OFF,
bcs=OFF, predefinedFields=OFF, connectors=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(

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meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=p)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.setValues(sectionAssignments=OFF,
engineeringFeatures=OFF, mesh=ON)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].partDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=ON)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.seedPart(size=0.1, deviationFactor=0.1, minSizeFactor=0.1)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
p.generateMesh()
elemType1 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=S8R, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
elemType2 = mesh.ElemType(elemCode=STRI65, elemLibrary=STANDARD)
p = mdb.models['Model-1'].parts['Part-1']
f = p.faces
faces = f.getSequenceFromMask(mask=('[#1 ]', ), )
pickedRegions =(faces, )
p.setElementType(regions=pickedRegions, elemTypes=(elemType1, elemType2))
a1 = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
a1.regenerate()
a = mdb.models['Model-1'].rootAssembly
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].setValues(displayedObject=a)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.setValues(mesh=OFF)
session.viewports['Viewport: 1'].assemblyDisplay.meshOptions.setValues(
meshTechnique=OFF)
mdb.Job(name='Q5_7', model='Model-1', description='Q5.7', type=ANALYSIS,
atTime=None, waitMinutes=0, waitHours=0, queue=None, memory=90,
memoryUnits=PERCENTAGE, getMemoryFromAnalysis=True,
explicitPrecision=SINGLE, nodalOutputPrecision=SINGLE, echoPrint=OFF,
modelPrint=OFF, contactPrint=OFF, historyPrint=OFF, userSubroutine='',
scratch='', multiprocessingMode=DEFAULT, numCpus=1, numGPUs=0)
mdb.jobs['Q5_7'].submit(consistencyChecking=OFF)

ABAQUS CAD Exercise

Importing the IGES file
File/ Import/ Part

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File Name: SEbracket.igs

OK

File Name: SEbracket.igs

OK/Dismiss

View/ Pan or Rotate

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Define Material/geometric properties

Material property (Elastic modulus = 70 GPa = 70 000 N/mm2 and Poisson’s ratio =0.3)

Module/Property
Create Material/
Mechanical/Elasticity/
Elastic
Define Young’s modulus
70e3 and Poisson’s ratio
0.3
OK

Create section

Create Section
Choose Homogenous
Solid
Continue

Material-1
OK

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Assign section to part

Click Assign Section

Click on the bracket
Done
Section 1
OK

Create Instances

Module/Assembly
Click Create Instance
SEbracket
Choose Dependent
OK

Create analysis step

Module Step
Click Create Step
Initial
Continue

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Description SEbracket
OK

Apply load

Module Load
Click Create Load
Mechanical/ concentrated
force
Continue

Apply a force equivalent to 2 N at bottom hole

Click on the two points at

bottom
Done

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Define CF3 -1
OK

Apply boundary conditions

Click Create Boundary

Conditions
Mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

Select the surface areas of

the two holes at top
Done

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Define U1, U2, U3 0

OK

Mesh control

Module Mesh
Click Part (SEbracket)
Click Seed Part
Specify global size 5
OK

Mesh Control
Assign Mesh Control
Chose Tet
Ok

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Mesh
Click Mesh Part
Click yes

Solution:/ As before Module Job/ Create Job /Name: SEbracket /Model-1/ Continue
Description SEbracket/ OK / Job Manager/Submit job to solve & Monitor to monitor solution
View results
Open results file as before: File/open Choose SEbracket.obd OK
Plot von-Mises stress

Click results
Field output
Choose S / Mises
Plot contours on
Compare results to
ANSYS results?
Plot other displacement
and stress components and
compare to ANSYS?

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Chapter 9: Contact problems

Two exercises are required for Chapter 9: a cylinder on cylinder contact problem (Figure 9.12, E1=E2=E
and Equation (9.21)) and a cylinder on rectangular contact problem (Equation (9.22)).
Cylinder on cylinder contact problem
Use P’= 50 N/mm, d1= 50 mm, d2= 100 mm, E= 200 GPa
Start ABAQUS CAE 613

Set Work directory

Start a new model

File/New Model
Database/With
standard/Explicit Model

Module part

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Model/Part

Create cylinder 1

Click Create Part

Name: Cylinder 1
Choose
2D/Deformable/Shell
Approximate size 200
Continue

Define Center (x=0, y=25 mm) and Perimeter (x=0, y=0) points in global coordinates

Click Create Circle:

Center and Perimeter
Enter center point: 0,25
Enter perimeter point:
0,0

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Press ESC then click

done

Partition:
In order to refine the mesh at the contact area, the cylinder is divided into several parts

Click Partition Face:

Sketch

Partition of 1 mm × 1 mm at contact surface for mesh refinement, define rectangular in local

coordinates of circle located at centre of circle.

Click Create Lines:

Rectangular
Enter starting corner:
-0.5,-24
Enter the opposite
corner: 0.5,-25

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Partition of circle into different parts using horizontal and vertical lines (to facilitate meshing and
applying boundary conditions)

Click Create Lines:

Connected
Enter a starting point:
-25,0
Enter an end point: 25,0

Click Create Lines:

Connected
Enter a starting point:
0,25
Enter an end point: 0,0

Click Create Lines:

Connected
Enter a starting point:
-12.5,25
Move the mouse vertically
until across the circle and
find the “X”, Then click
again Create Lines:
Connected and
Do the same for the other
side 12.5,25
Press ESC then click done

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Create cylinder 2

Click Create Part

Name: Cylinder 2
Choose
2D/Deformable/Shell
Approximate size 200
Continue

As before create Cylinder 2, Click Create Circle: Center and Perimeter  the center point is 0,-50;
perimeter point is 0,0
Partition: The same method as for Cylinder 1.

The rectangular:
-0.5,50 and 0.5,49
Middle horizontal line:
-50,0 and 50,0
Left vertical line:
-25,50
Right vertical line:
25,50

Module: Property
Define Material properties, E=200 GPa= = 200 000 N/mm2, Poisson’s=0.3

Module/Property

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Create
Material/Mechanical
/Elastic
Define Young’s modulus
200e3 and Possion’s ratio
0.3
OK

Define Section

Create Section/
Choose Solid and
Homogeneous
Continue
Edit Section/
Choose Material-1
OK

Assign Section/
Click assign section
Choose the whole part
Done
And OK

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As both cylinders have same material, the section-1 is also assigned to cylinder 2.

Select part 2
Assign Section/
Click assign section
Choose the whole part
Done
And OK

Module: assembly

Click Create Instance,

choose both Cylinder 1
and Cylinder 2,
Choose Dependent
OK

Module: Step

Click Create Step,

choose Static,General
Continue

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Click Incrementation,
Increment size:
Initial: 0.01;
Minimum:1E-012
OK

Module: Intersection (to define contact properties)

Click Create Interaction,

Choose surface to surface
contact (standard)
Continue

Select master surface

Choose the curve at the
bottom of Cylinder1
Done
Choose the slave type:
Click Surface

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Select regions for the

slave surface
Choose the surfaces at
top of cylinder 2
Done

Define interaction property (normal behaviour, tangential behaviour…)

Click Create Interaction

Property

Choose Contact
Continue

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose
mechanical/tangential
behaviour
And choose Frictionless
OK
And OK in Edit
Interaction box

Module: Load

Create load
Choose
Mechanical/concentrated
force
Continue

Select points for the load:

Choose the top point of
cylinder 1
Done

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Apply -50 N at top of cylinder 1

Edit Load
CF2: -50
OK

Apply boundary conditions

Cylinder 1

Create Boundary
Condition
Choose mechanical/
Displacement/Rotation
Continue

Choose lines around

cylinder 1 as shown
Done

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Edit Boundary Condition

Click U1: 0
Click UR3: 0
OK

Cylinder 2: the same steps as for Cylinder 1

Choose the lines around

cylinder 2 as shown
Edit Boundary Condition
Click U1:0
Click U2:0
Click UR3: 0
OK

Module: Mesh
Cylinder 1

Choose Part: Cylinder 1

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Seed edges
Choose the bottom lines
as shown
Done

Local Seeds
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.01
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: Single (the
direction of arrow: from
coarse to fine)
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 0.05
OK

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.05
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single (click select
flip bias to change the
direction)
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 1
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single
Minimum size: 1
Maximum size: 5
OK

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by number
Bias: none
Approximate element
size: 5
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single
Minimum size: 1
Maximum size: 5
OK

Click Mesh Part

Click Yes

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Element type: CPE4 (full integration; please note reduced integration may lead to hourglass mode!)

Click Assign Element

Type
Select the whole part
And done

Choose Plain strain in

family
Unclick ‘reduced
integration’
OK
Done

Part: Cylinder 2, use the same steps as for cylinder 1.

Choose cylinder 2

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Seed edges
Choose the top lines as
shown
Done
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.01
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: Single (the
direction of arrow: from
coarse to fine)
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 0.05
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.05
OK

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single (click select
flip bias to change the
direction)
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 5
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single
Minimum size: 5
Maximum size: 10
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by number
Bias: none
Approximate element
size: 10
OK

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: single
Minimum size: 5
Maximum size: 10
OK

Click Mesh Part

Click Yes

Assign element type as for cylinder 1

Click Assign Element

Type
Select the whole part
And done
Choose Plain strain in
family
Unclick ‘reduced
integration’
OK
Done

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Module: Job

Create Job
Name: EX1
Continue

Edit Job
Description: cylinder on
cylinder
OK

Job Manage
Click Submit

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

View Results
To change deformation scale

Click Options/Common
Deformation scale factor
Uniform
Enter a value, e.g. 10
OK

To plat a path

Model tree, right click

“EX1”
Choose Results

To get contact pressure, a path along the contact line should be made.

Right click Display

Group
Choose Create
Click Part Instances and
CYLINDER1-1
Choose Remove
Close

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Double click Path in

model tree
In Create path, choose
Node list
Continue

Choose cylinder 2-1

And click Add Before

Zoom in the contact line

From left to right: choose
the first two nodes, two
nodes in the center, and
the last two nodes
Done

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Define the Node Lables

as:
“12, 312:264:-1, 13,
263:215:-1, 9”
OK

Get the contact pressure distribution along contact line (Path - 1)

Double click XYDate in

model tree
Choose Path
Continue

Click Field Output…

Choose CPRESS in Field
Option
OK

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Click Plot
The contact pressure
curve is shown

Open the XYDate in

model tree
Right click _tem_1 and
choose Edit…
The contact pressure
along the contact line is
listed

Compare the results with analytical solution (maximum contact pressure and contact width)
Cylinder on rectangle contact problem
P’= 50 N/mm, d= 50 mm, E= 200 GPa
Module: Part
Copy model 1
Right click “Model 1”

Choose copy model

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Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Rename as “Model-2”

Open the model tree of

“model-2”, open “part”,
right click Cylinder 2 and
choose “delete”

Click Create Part

Name: Rectangular
Choose
2D/Deformable/Shell
Approximate size 200
Continue

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Click Create Lines

Rectangle (4 lines)
A starting corner:
-50,0
The opposite corner:
50,-50
Esc
Done

Partition to facilitate meshing and applying boundary conditions

Click Partition Face:

Sketch

Click Create Lines

Rectangle (4 lines)
A starting corner:
-0.5, 25
The opposite corner:
0.5,24
A starting corner:
-25, 25
The opposite corner:
25, 0
Esc
Done

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Module: Property
Material property and section are already in Model-2.

Click Assign Section

Select the whole
rectangular
Done
OK
Done

Delete the instance 2 of assembly

Open the module tree

/assembly/instance
/cylinder 2
Right click
Choose delete
Click yes
Done
OK
Esc

Module Assembly

Create instance
Choose
Rectangular/dependent
OK

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Module: interaction
Delete Int-1(which is defined in Module 1)

Click Interaction Manage

Choose Int-1 and delete
Yes

Create new interaction and interaction property, the same steps as EX 1

Click Create Interaction,

Choose surface to surface
contact (standard)
Continue

Select master surface

Click Create Intersection,
Choose the curve at
bottom of cylinder 1
Done

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the slave type:

Click Surface
And choose top of
rectangular
Done

Click OK
Click Create Interaction
Property
Choose Contact
Continue
Choose
mechanical/tangential
behaviour
And choose Frictionless
OK
Contact interaction
property/IntProp-1
OK
Module: Load
Delete BC-2 defined in module 1

Model tree,
Choose BC(s)/BC-2
Right click
Choose delete
Yes

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Create new boundary conditions

Click Boundary
conditions manage

Click create
Choose
displacement/rotation as
the types
Continue

Choose the surfaces as

shown
Done

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Edit Boundary Condition

Click U1: 0
Click U2: 0
Click UR3: 0
OK

Module: mesh
For rectangular, follow the same steps as for cylinder 1.

Choose Part: rectangular

Click Seed edges

Local Seeds
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.01
OK

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Choose the red edges,

Done,
Local Seeds
Method: by size
Bias: Single
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 0.05
OK

Local Seeds
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 0.05
OK

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: Single
Minimum size: 0.01
Maximum size: 5
OK

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose the red edges,

Done,
Method: by size
Bias: None
Approximate element
size: 5
OK

Click Mesh Part

Yes

Define the element type

Assign Element Type

Choose the whole part

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 Appendix C: ABAQUS Tutorials

Choose plain strain

family
Unclick Reduced
Integration
OK

Module JOB
As before Create Job and submit job. Compare the results with analytical solution (maximum contact
pressure and contact width) path (1, 208:167:-1, 165:112:-1, 110)

407