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    Single Phase I.M. Understanding Level

    Uploaded by

    K S Ravi Kumar (MVGR EEE)
    Single-phase induction motors are not self-starting because their stator winding produces a flux that only alternates along one axis, rather than rotating. This non-rotating flux cannot produce torque on the squirrel-cage rotor. There are three methods to start a single-phase induction motor: 1) giving the rotor an initial rotation, 2) adding an auxiliary winding to the stator, or 3) using a two-phase power supply. The auxiliary winding method is preferred because it does not require mechanical force to initially rotate the rotor.

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    Single Phase I.M. Understanding Level

    Uploaded by

    K S Ravi Kumar (MVGR EEE)
    121 views3 pages
    Single-phase induction motors are not self-starting because their stator winding produces a flux that only alternates along one axis, rather than rotating. This non-rotating flux cannot produce torque on the squirrel-cage rotor. There are three methods to start a single-phase induction motor: 1) giving the rotor an initial rotation, 2) adding an auxiliary winding to the stator, or 3) using a two-phase power supply. The auxiliary winding method is preferred because it does not require mechanical force to initially rotate the rotor.

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    Single Phase I.M. Understanding Level (1)

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    Single-phase induction motors are not self-starting because their stator winding produces a flux that only alternates along one axis, rather than rotating. This non-rotating flux cannot produce torque on the squirrel-cage rotor. There are three methods to start a single-phase induction motor: 1) giving the rotor an initial rotation, 2) adding an auxiliary winding to the stator, or 3) using a two-phase power supply. The auxiliary winding method is preferred because it does not require mechanical force to initially rotate the rotor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    121 views3 pages

    Single Phase I.M. Understanding Level

    Uploaded by

    K S Ravi Kumar (MVGR EEE)
    Single-phase induction motors are not self-starting because their stator winding produces a flux that only alternates along one axis, rather than rotating. This non-rotating flux cannot produce torque on the squirrel-cage rotor. There are three methods to start a single-phase induction motor: 1) giving the rotor an initial rotation, 2) adding an auxiliary winding to the stator, or 3) using a two-phase power supply. The auxiliary winding method is preferred because it does not require mechanical force to initially rotate the rotor.

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    1. Explain why single-phase Induction motors are not self-starting?

    Unlike three phase induction motors, single phase induction motors


    are not self starting. The reason behind this is very interesting. 

    Single phase induction motor has distributed stator winding and


    a squirrel-cage rotor. 

    Suppose stator has only one stator winding which is also called main
    winding as shown in figure. And the rotor is squirrel-cage type. Now
    When a single-phase Sinusoidal AC supply (V=Vm sinωt) is applied to
    stator winding of single phase induction motor, it produces a
    sinusoidal/alternating flux (Φ= Φ m sin𝜔t) which is only alternating i.e.
    one which alternates along one space axis only as shown. That is, it
    varies its magnitude and changes its direction along y-axis only. It is
    not a synchronously revolving ( or rotating )  flux as in the case of a
    three phase stator winding fed from a 3-phase supply in 3-phase
    Induction Motor. Only rotating flux can produce torque on rotor. So
    this type of alternating field cannot produce a torque.
    That is why a single phase motor is not self-starting.

    2. What is the basic method of starting single phase Induction motor


    and why it is not preferred?
    There are three ways to create starting torque on rotor:
    1) By giving an initial rotation to rotor
    2) By providing one more stator winding known as auxiliary or
    starting winding (either temporarily or permanently) in parallel
    with the existing main stator winding and connecting both
    across same single phase supply.
    3) By providing one more stator winding known as auxiliary or
    starting winding permanently and connecting main and auxiliary
    winding in such a way that one end of the two windings joined
    together to form a neutral point and both are fed from a two-
    phase voltage supply. These two-phase voltages are displaced
    from each other in phase by 900. This method adds to cost as it
    requires a separate two phase supply. So this method is not
    commonly used in practice.
    Method-1:( Basic method of starting)
    If the rotor is given an initial rotation by mechanically or auxiliary
    means in either directions then the torque due to the rotating field acting
    in the direction of initial rotation will be more than the torque due to the
    other rotating field. Hence the motor will develop a net positive torque
    in the same direction as the initial rotation. The motor will therefore
    keep running in the direction of initial rotation.
    why it is not preferred?
    Mechanical methods are impractical. So in order to avoid giving initial
    force to rotor which is quite laboursome, stator is provided with another
    winding called auxiliary/starting winding in addition to its main winding
    as shown below.
    Therefore starting the motor by providing an auxiliary winding is stated
    in point no. 2) & 3) above.

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