China’s one child policy

Introduction:
In late 1979 the most potential nation China initiated One-Child Policy due to facing
overpopulation problem by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. This one-child policy is the way to
minimize the population while keeping friendly relations among the common wealth. Meaning a
mother can only give a birth of one child unless the child is born with a serious inability or the
child dies. The government implemented this policy with some strategy to rescue the resource
depletion and scarcity, which has three motives: delayed marriage and child birth, less and
healthier births and approve one child each couple. As an impact in 1998 the population became
1.248 billion which has dropped the growth in 3.3%, where without this planning it would be at
1.5 billion or more. So where a family may have average eight child, it became about only one. If
they would not have taken this step the population would have arisen an explosions and became
a kingdom of extreme poverty by the year of 2050. I think, in this case the one-child policy may
effective for them. On the other hand the policy also carry some controversial impact on the long
term growth of Chinese future. Such as the deficit of Labor force due to aging population, the
emersion of Chinese society with no human rights and unbalance population of gender creation.
It is also invading women, persecution of abortion in early youth which interrupts the human
rights.

Firstly, China might be facing labor crisis problem by the year of 2021 due to aging of its
population as the consequence of One-child policy. This policy of decreasing the population of
china not only has been an issue of social argument but also has participated detraction of the
economic scheme. In 1980 the growth of the population was at 2.91 but it is now only 0.5
percent. This denying growth of the population is below of the replacement rate. The decreased
birth rate was render the labor force less potential and less powerful and also reduced the
government’s exports, which made the total GDP of the nation really lower. Along with the
earning of per head became lower, the sum of the older citizen became outnumber than the
young citizen to pay the taxes and supply government revenues. So the viral issue was the
remarkable decline in chains labor force. Now the industries have to increase the wages rates to
get more workers, where their greatest assets was the cheap labor force. Now the companies
have to search elsewhere to for the cheap labor in order to make the profit. As a result it
interrupted the business ties of Chinese economy along with the world economy, as China is one
of the major economic power in the world.

So the worker’s demography is indicating a downward aptitude and trade as they born
during the time of baby boom from 1960 to 1970 and will start retire by the year of 2021. Then
the government will have to provide them pension and health care costs which will be a large
portion of the nation with fewer working people. So the number of labor between 20 to 34 ages
will plunge by this year. The drop amount would be reach to 11 million per year from 2022 to
2025. By 2030 the young labor force will be approximately 221 million which will be 110
million less than the year of 2010, said by Yao Meixiong, the deputy head of the center of
population Census of Fujian Provincial Bureau of Statistics. The number of the teenage currently
is 16.5 percent of the total population which is comparing 27 percent of the global average
population. As a result in 2014 the labor force fell into 2.7 million between the ages of 16 to 59.
So they shouldn’t be continue of the policy in favor of their own economy.
Secondly China will suffer with the emersion of Chinese society with no human rights.
According to the U.N. a declaration of Tehran about human right is- a couple should have “freely
birth responsibility” meaning how many children a couple want to have, it’s their own wish and
human right. However, China’s one-child policy evolved forced abortion of ‘illegal children’ of
a couple who already have a child and disinfection by family designing officials has become an
international issue of human rights violation. May be China was implemented by it’s justification
of the policy by the liability of the parents of having only one child which will not hurt the
society’s member but they couldn’t protest it. Even if the policy bases on the responsibility of
parents still it have been criticized based on the policies of other developing countries as they
force women to take dangerous contraceptive to get abortion sometimes which causes the death
of the mother. Which proves they are ignoring women’s entire health. It also demolishes their
child bearing capacity for sustain sterilization operation. So if the parents lose their child anyhow
they won’t take another child and will have to stay childless for the rest of their life.

According to the Chinese law it is mentioned that the family planning officials should not
be violated the persons’ right of civilization but at the same time they permit ‘remedial
measures’ due to control the unauthorized pregnancy. So they are not obeying their own laws
and breaking it vulnerably. Under this issue US state department condemn about the clutter of
civil rights abuses by Chinese government, in its 2010 Human Rights Report. These abuses are
including-

 Unrestricted and unlawful Deprivation of life

 Cruelty, affliction and other inhumanity degraded Treatment or Punishment
 Unrestricted nabbing and hindrance
 Refuse of fair public trial
 Unrestricted conjecture with Correspondence, Privacy or Home
 Lacking of freedom about speech and debate

Consequently applying the statements of US government’s rules of human right, this one child-
policy would neatly be considered as the inference of correspondence, privacy, family as well as
home. This limitation on individual openness while introducing the law would be deliberated as
a violations of human rights because if we apply the Chinese government’s policy here, the
answer https://www.quora.com/Is-Chinas-one-child-policy-a-human-rights-violation
http://alexatsintolas.weebly.com/gendercide-and-human-rights-violations.html

Thirdly, the unbalance population of gender creation also is a significant problem caused by
china’s one-child policy. It can be caused two reasons, 1. Missing women’- the term is coined by
an Indian economist and philosopher Amartya Sen in 1980 based on his research that there are
more than 100 million women were missing worldwide. Likewise, in China there were 41
million mission women with an estimated in the year of 2007, which is the 6.7 percent of total
female population. It also raises for social crime like- women trafficking, kidnapping etc. that
can be caused 15.8% of women disappearing in recent future.

2. Sex ratio- There were 22.1 million man spare than women, among the people under 19 years
old in 2010. So by the year of 2020 10% men won’t find any marriageable women. If the current
fertility policy remain unchanged and Chinese SRB (state reserve bureau) is constant, the
proportion of excess men will increase from 6% to 11% by the year of 2030 compare to women.
3. Labor force growth-

The rising gender imbalance also occurring with the slowdown of its labor force.

“The bias against females in economic, social and cultural fields is still the root cause of the
current gender imbalance”.

the fundamental cause of China’s gender imbalance is essentially cultural, tracing to the
patrilineal system of the Han Chinese

https://www.thechinastory.org/about-the-china-story/
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2938438?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/14/opinion/china-challenges-one-child-brooks/index.html
In the graph, we can see the differences from the ratio between men and women. The women
ratio dropped from 6 to 1.8%.
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMhpr051833#t=article
http://www.shanghaidaily.com/nation/China-facing-labor-shortage-due-to-
onechild-policy/shdaily.shtml
economic efficacy, including increasing rates of infanticide
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-economic-perspective-on-chinas-one-
child-policy-MVVU4YHm

It has caused the death of many girls

https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-overview-of-the-chinas-one-child-
policy-aoJNbSfe
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/the-problems-with-chinas-one-child-policy-2HdN6L2N
https://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/76698.html
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/search?q=china%27s%20one%20child%20policy
https://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/76698.html
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/search?q=china%27s%20one%20child%20policy
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/the-criticisms-and-controversy-surrounding-chinas-one-
child-policy-caL9sy4A
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-overview-of-chinas-one-child-policy-and-its-effects-
qeWk9OPJ
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-economic-perspective-on-chinas-one-child-policy-
MVVU4YHm
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-argument-in-favor-of-chinas-one-child-policy-
tZAIXcwT
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/the-impact-and-consequences-of-the-one-child-policy-
on-the-future-population-of-china-YIiici3Z

https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/3/1149/1592252
https://books.google.com.my/books?hl=en&lr=&id=A0-
la2vliXwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=china
%27s+one+child+policy&ots=PqZcRe8TJW&sig=aQ7d3-
qmCgG6IUhGEofabm32TjY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=china's%20one%20child
%20policy&f=false
http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/patrick-goodenough/35th-anniversary-one-child-policy-
campaigner-challenges-xi-end (human rights from google scholar )