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    Geology 1

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    John Kenneth Bentir
    Geology is the study of the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes that change them over time. It involves describing the structure of the Earth below and at its surface, as well as determining the age of rocks and reconstructing the geological history of the planet. Geologists use various field and laboratory methods like rock analysis and geophysical techniques to understand the Earth's composition and evolution. Important areas of geology include plate tectonics, the history of life, past climates, and the structure and dating of other terrestrial bodies like Mars and the Moon.

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    Geology 1

    Uploaded by

    John Kenneth Bentir
    87 views4 pages
    Geology is the study of the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes that change them over time. It involves describing the structure of the Earth below and at its surface, as well as determining the age of rocks and reconstructing the geological history of the planet. Geologists use various field and laboratory methods like rock analysis and geophysical techniques to understand the Earth's composition and evolution. Important areas of geology include plate tectonics, the history of life, past climates, and the structure and dating of other terrestrial bodies like Mars and the Moon.

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    Geology is the study of the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes that change them over time. It involves describing the structure of the Earth below and at its surface, as well as determining the age of rocks and reconstructing the geological history of the planet. Geologists use various field and laboratory methods like rock analysis and geophysical techniques to understand the Earth's composition and evolution. Important areas of geology include plate tectonics, the history of life, past climates, and the structure and dating of other terrestrial bodies like Mars and the Moon.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    87 views4 pages

    Geology 1

    Uploaded by

    John Kenneth Bentir
    Geology is the study of the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes that change them over time. It involves describing the structure of the Earth below and at its surface, as well as determining the age of rocks and reconstructing the geological history of the planet. Geologists use various field and laboratory methods like rock analysis and geophysical techniques to understand the Earth's composition and evolution. Important areas of geology include plate tectonics, the history of life, past climates, and the structure and dating of other terrestrial bodies like Mars and the Moon.

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    Geology

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Not to be confused with Geography.


    For the scientific journal, see Geology (journal).

    An 1875 geological map of Europe, compiled by the Belgian geologist André Dumont (colors indicate the distribution of
    rocks of different ages and types across the continent, as they were known then)

    Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē ("earth") and -λoγία, -logia, ("study of", "discourse")[1][2]) is


    an earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by
    which they change over time. Geology can also include the study of the solid features of any terrestrial
    planet or natural satellite such as Mars or the Moon. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other earth
    sciences, including hydrology and the atmospheric sciences, and so is treated as one major aspect of
    integrated earth system science and planetary science.
    Aerial view of Grand Prismatic Spring; Hot Springs, Midway & Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park

    Kinney Lake and Mount Whitehorn near Mount Robson, Canada

    Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface, and the processes that have
    shaped that structure. It also provides tools to determine the relative and absolute ages of rocks found in a
    given location, and also to describe the histories of those rocks.[3] By combining these tools, geologists are
    able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole, and also to demonstrate the age of the
    Earth. Geology provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and the
    Earth's past climates.
    Geologists use a wide variety of methods to understand the Earth's structure and evolution, including field
    work, rock description, geophysical techniques, chemical analysis, physical experiments, and numerical
    modelling. In practical terms, geology is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation,
    evaluating water resources, understanding of natural hazards, the remediation of environmental problems,
    and providing insights into past climate change. Geology is a major academic discipline, and it plays an
    important role in geotechnical engineering.

    Sarychev Peak Volcano erupts June 12, 2009, on Matua Island

    Contents

    • 1 Geologic materials

    • 1.1 Rock

    • 1.1.1 Tests

    • 1.2 Unlithified material


    • 1.2.1 Magma and lava

    • 2 Whole-Earth structure

    • 2.1 Plate tectonics

    • 2.2 Earth structure

    • 3 Geologic time

    • 3.1 Timescale of the Earth

    • 3.2 Important milestones on Earth

    • 3.3 Timescale of the Moon

    • 3.4 Timescale of Mars

    • 4 Dating methods

    • 4.1 Relative dating

    • 4.2 Absolute dating

    • 5 Geological development of an area

    • 6 Methods of geology

    • 6.1 Field methods

    • 6.2 Petrology

    • 6.3 Structural geology

    • 6.4 Stratigraphy

    • 7 Planetary geology
    • 8 Applied geology

    • 8.1 Economic geology

    • 8.1.1 Mining geology

    • 8.1.2 Petroleum geology

    • 8.2 Engineering geology

    • 8.3 Hydrology and environmental issues

    • 8.4 Natural hazards

    • 9 History

    • 10 Fields or related disciplines

    • 11 See also

    • 12 References

    • 13 External links

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