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    Classification of Obligations According To Sanchez Roman

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    Samuel Argote
    The document classifies obligations according to Sanchez Roman into four categories: (1) juridical quality, parties, object, and perfection/extinguishment. For juridical quality, obligations are natural, civil, or mixed depending on the applicable law. For parties, obligations are unilateral/bilateral and individual/collective. For object, obligations are determinate/generic, simple/multiple, positive/negative, and so on. For perfection/extinguishment, obligations are pure, conditional with terms, or subject to conditions.

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    Classification of Obligations According To Sanchez Roman

    Uploaded by

    Samuel Argote
    821 views2 pages
    The document classifies obligations according to Sanchez Roman into four categories: (1) juridical quality, parties, object, and perfection/extinguishment. For juridical quality, obligations are natural, civil, or mixed depending on the applicable law. For parties, obligations are unilateral/bilateral and individual/collective. For object, obligations are determinate/generic, simple/multiple, positive/negative, and so on. For perfection/extinguishment, obligations are pure, conditional with terms, or subject to conditions.

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    The document classifies obligations according to Sanchez Roman into four categories: (1) juridical quality, parties, object, and perfection/extinguishment. For juridical quality, obligations are natural, civil, or mixed depending on the applicable law. For parties, obligations are unilateral/bilateral and individual/collective. For object, obligations are determinate/generic, simple/multiple, positive/negative, and so on. For perfection/extinguishment, obligations are pure, conditional with terms, or subject to conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    821 views2 pages

    Classification of Obligations According To Sanchez Roman

    Uploaded by

    Samuel Argote
    The document classifies obligations according to Sanchez Roman into four categories: (1) juridical quality, parties, object, and perfection/extinguishment. For juridical quality, obligations are natural, civil, or mixed depending on the applicable law. For parties, obligations are unilateral/bilateral and individual/collective. For object, obligations are determinate/generic, simple/multiple, positive/negative, and so on. For perfection/extinguishment, obligations are pure, conditional with terms, or subject to conditions.

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    Classification of Obligations according to Sanchez Roman:

    (1) As to juridical quality:


    a. Natural – when the obligation is in accordance with natural law.
    b. Civil – when the obligation is in accordance with positive law.
    c. Mixed – when the obligation is in accordance with both natural and positive law.
    (2) As to parties:
    a. Unilateral and bilateral – unilateral, where only one party is bound, and bilateral,
    where both parties are mutually or reciprocally bound.
    b. Individual and collective – individual, where there is only one obligor, and collective,
    where there are several obligors. The latter may be joint, when each obligor is liable
    only for his proportionate share of the obligation, or solidary, when each obligor may
    be held liable for the entire obligation.
    (3) As to object:
    a. Determinate and generic – determinate, when the object is specific; generic, when the
    object is designated by its class or genus.
    b. Simple and multiple – simple, when there is only one undertaking; multiple, when
    there are several undertakings. Multiple obligations may be conjunctive, when all of
    the undertakings are demandable at the same time, or distributive, when only one
    undertaking out of several is demandable. Distributive obligations, on the other hand,
    may be alternative, when the obligor is allowed to choose one out of several which
    may be due and demandable, or facultative, when the obligor is allowed to substitute
    another obligation for one which is due and demandable.
    c. Positive and negative – positive, when the obligor is obliged to give or do something;
    negative, when the obligor must refrain from giving or doing something.
    d. Real and personal – real, when the obligation consists in giving something; personal,
    when the obligation consists in doing or not doing something.
    e. Possible and impossible – possible, when the obligation is capable of fulfillment in
    nature as well as in law; impossible, when the obligation is not capable of fulfillment
    either in nature or in law.
    f. Divisible and indivisible – divisible, when the obligation is susceptible of partial
    performance; indivisible, when the obligation is not susceptible of partial
    performance.
    g. Principal and accessory – principal. When it is the main undertaking; accessory, when
    it is merely an undertaking to guarantee the fulfillment of the principal obligation.
    (4) As to perfection and extinguishment
    a. Pure – when the obligation is not subject to any condition or term and is immediately
    demandable.
    b. Conditional – when the obligation is subject to a condition which may be suspensive,
    in which case the happening or fulfillment of the condition results in the birth of the
    obligation, or resolutory, in which case the happening or fulfillment of the condition
    results in the extinguishment of the obligation.
    c. With a term or period – when the obligation is subject to a term or period which may
    be suspensive or from a day certain, in which case the obligation is demandable only
    upon the expiration of the term, or resolutory or to a day certain, in which case the
    obligation terminates upon the expiration of the term.

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